Sas DISCOVERING JMP RELEASE 9 User Manual

Release 9

Discovering JMP

“The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new

landscapes, but in having new eyes.”

Marcel Proust

JMP, A Business Unit of SAS SAS Campus Drive Cary, NC 27513

The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2010. JMP® 9 Discovering JMP. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.

JMP

9 Discovering JMP

ISBN 978-1-60764-600-6

For a hard-copy book: No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc.

For a Web download or e-book: Your use of this publication shall be governed by the terms established by the vendor at the time you acquire this publication.

U.S. Government Restricted Rights Notice: Use, duplication, or disclosure of this software and related documentation by the U.S. government is subject to the Agreement with SAS Institute and the restrictions set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights (June 1987).

SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27513.

1st printing, September 2010

JMP

, SAS® and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or

trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration.

Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies.

Gallery of JMP Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

About This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1 Introducing JMP

Basic Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Concepts You Should Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

How Do I Get Started? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Starting JMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Using Sample Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Understanding Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Understanding the JMP Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Step 1: Launching a Platform and Viewing Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Step 2: Removing the Box Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Step 3: Requesting Additional Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Step 4: Interacting with Platform Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

How is JMP Different from Excel? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Columns Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Tables and Worksheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

The Data Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Analysis and Graph Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Contents

Discovering JMP

How Do I Find Help? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

2 Working with Your Data

Preparing Your Data for Graphing and Analyzing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Getting Your Data Into JMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Copying and Pasting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Importing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Entering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Working with Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Editing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Selecting, Deselecting, and Finding Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Viewing or Changing Column Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Calculating Values With Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Filtering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Managing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Requesting Summary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Creating Subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Joining Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Sorting Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

3 Visualizing Your Data

Graphing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Looking at Single Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Histograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Bar Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Comparing Multiple Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Scatterplots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Scatterplot Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Side-by-Side Box Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Overlay Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Variability Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Graph Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Bubble Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

4 Analyzing Your Data

Distributions, Relationships, and Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

About This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

The Importance of Graphing Your Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Understanding Modeling Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Example: Modeling Type Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Changing the Modeling Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Analyzing Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Distributions of Continuous Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Distributions of Categorical Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Analyzing Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Using Regression with One Predictor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Comparing Averages for One Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Comparing Proportions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Comparing Averages for Multiple Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Using Regression with Multiple Predictors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

5 Saving and Sharing Your Work

Saving and Recreating Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Saving Platform Results in Journals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Example: Creating a Journal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Adding Additional Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Creating Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Using Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Example: Saving and Running a Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

About Scripts and JSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Creating Adobe Flash Versions of the Profiler and Bubble Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Example: Saving an Adobe Flash Version of a Bubble Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

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6 Special Features

Automatic Updating and Integrating with SAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Automatically Updating Analyses and Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Example: Using Automatic Recalc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Changing Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Example: Changing Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Integrating JMP and SAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Example: Creating SAS Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Example: Submitting SAS Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Index

Discovering JMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Credits and Acknowledgments

Origin

JMP was developed by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. JMP is not a part of the SAS System, though portions of JMP were adapted from routines in the SAS System, particularly for linear algebra and probability calculations. Version 1 of JMP went into production in October 1989.

Credits

JMP was conceived and started by John Sall. Design and development were done by John Sall, Chung-Wei Ng, Michael Hecht, Richard Potter, Brian Corcoran, Annie Dudley Zangi, Bradley Jones, Craige Hales, Chris Gotwalt, Paul Nelson, Xan Gregg, Jianfeng Ding, Eric Hill, John Schroedl, Laura Lancaster, Scott McQuiggan, Melinda Thielbar, Clay Barker, Peng Liu, Dave Barbour, Jeff Polzin, John Ponte, and Steve Amerige.

In the SAS Institute Technical Support division, Duane Hayes, Wendy Murphrey, Rosemary Lucas, Win LeDinh, Bobby Riggs, Glen Grimme, Sue Walsh, Mike Stockstill, Kathleen Kiernan, and Liz Edwards provide technical support.

Nicole Jones, Kyoko Keener, Hui Di, Joseph Morgan, Wenjun Bao, Fang Chen, Susan Shao, Yusuke Ono, Michael Crotty, Jong-Seok Lee, Tonya Mauldin, Audrey Ventura, Ani Eloyan, Bo Meng, and Sequola McNeill provide ongoing quality assurance. Additional testing and technical support are provided by Noriki Inoue, Kyoko Takenaka, and Masakazu Okada from SAS Japan.

Bob Hickey and Jim Borek are the release engineers.

The JMP books were written by Ann Lehman, Lee Creighton, John Sall, Bradley Jones, Erin Vang, Melanie Drake, Meredith Blackwelder, Diane Perhac, Jonathan Gatlin, Susan Conaghan, and Sheila Loring, with contributions from Annie Dudley Zangi and Brian Corcoran. Creative services and production was done by SAS Publications. Melanie Drake implemented the Help system.

Jon Weisz and Jeff Perkinson provided project management. Also thanks to Lou Valente, Ian Cox, Mark Bailey, and Malcolm Moore for technical advice.

Thanks also to Georges Guirguis, Warren Sarle, Gordon Johnston, Duane Hayes, Russell Wolfinger, Randall Tobias, Robert N. Rodriguez, Ying So, Warren Kuhfeld, George MacKensie, Bob Lucas, Warren Kuhfeld, Mike Leonard, and Padraic Neville for statistical R&D support. Thanks are also due to Doug Melzer, Bryan Wolfe, Vincent DelGobbo, Biff Beers, Russell Gonsalves, Mitchel Soltys, Dave Mackie, and Stephanie Smith, who helped us get started with SAS Foundation Services from JMP.

Acknowledgments

We owe special gratitude to the people that encouraged us to start JMP, to the alpha and beta testers of JMP, and to the reviewers of the documentation. In particular we thank Michael Benson, Howard

Yetter (d), Andy Mauromoustakos, Al Best, Stan Young, Robert Muenchen, Lenore Herzenberg, Ramon Leon, Tom Lange, Homer Hegedus, Skip Weed, Michael Emptage, Pat Spagan, Paul Wenz, Mike Bowen, Lori Gates, Georgia Morgan, David Tanaka, Zoe Jewell, Sky Alibhai, David Coleman, Linda Blazek, Michael Friendly, Joe Hockman, Frank Shen, J.H. Goodman, David Iklé, Barry Hembree, Dan Obermiller, Jeff Sweeney, Lynn Vanatta, and Kris Ghosh.

Also, we thank Dick DeVeaux, Gray McQuarrie, Robert Stine, George Fraction, Avigdor Cahaner, José Ramirez, Gudmunder Axelsson, Al Fulmer, Cary Tuckfield, Ron Thisted, Nancy McDermott, Veronica Czitrom, Tom Johnson, Cy Wegman, Paul Dwyer, DaRon Huffaker, Kevin Norwood, Mike Thompson, Jack Reese, Francois Mainville, and John Wass.

We also thank the following individuals for expert advice in their statistical specialties: R. Hocking and P. Spector for advice on effective hypotheses; Robert Mee for screening design generators; Roselinde Kessels for advice on choice experiments; Greg Piepel, Peter Goos, J. Stuart Hunter, Dennis Lin, Doug Montgomery, and Chris Nachtsheim for advice on design of experiments; Jason Hsu for advice on multiple comparisons methods (not all of which we were able to incorporate in JMP); Ralph O’Brien for advice on homogeneity of variance tests; Ralph O’Brien and S. Paul Wright for advice on statistical power; Keith Muller for advice in multivariate methods, Harry Martz, Wayne Nelson, Ramon Leon, Dave Trindade, Paul Tobias, and William Q. Meeker for advice on reliability plots; Lijian Yang and J.S. Marron for bivariate smoothing design; George Milliken and Yurii Bulavski for development of mixed models; Will Potts and Cathy Maahs-Fladung for data mining; Clay Thompson for advice on contour plotting algorithms; and Tom Little, Damon Stoddard, Blanton Godfrey, Tim Clapp, and Joe Ficalora for advice in the area of Six Sigma; and Josef Schmee and Alan Bowman for advice on simulation and tolerance design.

For sample data, thanks to Patrice Strahle for Pareto examples, the Texas air control board for the pollution data, and David Coleman for the pollen (eureka) data.

Translations

Trish O'Grady coordinates localization. Special thanks to Noriki Inoue, Kyoko Takenaka, Masakazu Okada, Naohiro Masukawa and Yusuke Ono (SAS Japan); and Professor Toshiro Haga (retired, Tokyo University of Science) and Professor Hirohiko Asano (Tokyo Metropolitan University) for reviewing our Japanese translation; Professors Fengshan Bai, Xuan Lu, and Jianguo Li at Tsinghua University in Beijing, and their assistants Rui Guo, Shan Jiang, Zhicheng Wan, and Qiang Zhao; and William Zhou (SAS China) and Zhongguo Zheng, professor at Peking University, for reviewing the Simplified Chinese translation; Jacques Goupy (consultant, ReConFor) and Olivier Nuñez (professor, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) for reviewing the French translation; Dr. Byung Chun Kim (professor, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) and Duk-Hyun Ko (SAS Korea) for reviewing the Korean translation; Bertram Schäfer and David Meintrup (consultants, StatCon) for reviewing the German translation; Patrizia Omodei, Maria Scaccabarozzi, and Letizia Bazzani (SAS Italy) for reviewing the Italian translation. Finally, thanks to all the members of our outstanding translation teams.

Past Support

Many people were important in the evolution of JMP. Special thanks to David DeLong, Mary Cole, Kristin Nauta, Aaron Walker, Ike Walker, Eric Gjertsen, Dave Tilley, Ruth Lee, Annette Sanders, Tim Christensen, Eric Wasserman, Charles Soper, Wenjie Bao, and Junji Kishimoto. Thanks to SAS Institute quality assurance by Jeanne Martin, Fouad Younan, and Frank Lassiter. Additional testing for Versions 3 and 4 was done by Li Yang, Brenda Sun, Katrina Hauser, and Andrea Ritter.

Also thanks to Jenny Kendall, John Hansen, Eddie Routten, David Schlotzhauer, and James Mulherin. Thanks to Steve Shack, Greg Weier, and Maura Stokes for testing JMP Version 1.

Thanks for support from Charles Shipp, Harold Gugel (d), Jim Winters, Matthew Lay, Tim Rey, Rubin Gabriel, Brian Ruff, William Lisowski, David Morganstein, Tom Esposito, Susan West, Chris Fehily, Dan Chilko, Jim Shook, Ken Bodner, Rick Blahunka, Dana C. Aultman, and William Fehlner.

Technology License Notices

vii

WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL NEIL HODGSON BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL KEITH PACKARD BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

KEITH PACKARD DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD

NEIL HODGSON DISCLAIMS ALL

viii

Gallery of JMP Graphs

Various Graphs and their Platforms

Here are pictures of many of the graphs that you can create with JMP. Each picture is labeled with the platform used to create it. For more information about the platforms and these and other graphs, see the documentation on the

Help > Books menu.

Histogram Analyze > Distribution

t Test Analyze > Fit Y by X

Bivariate Analyze > Fit Y by X

Logistic Analyze > Fit Y by X

Oneway Analyze > Fit Y by X

Mosaic Plot Analyze > Fit Y by X

LS Means Plot Analyze > Fit Model

Neural Diagram Analyze > Modeling > Neural

Matched Pairs Analyze > Matched Pairs

MANOVA Analyze > Fit Model

Actual by Predicted Plot Analyze > Fit Model

Screening Analyze > Modeling > Screening

Partition Analyze > Modeling > Partition

Time Series Analyze > Modeling > Time Series

Share Chart Analyze > Modeling > Categorical

Self Organizing Map Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Cluster

Principal Components

Dendrogram Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Cluster

Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Principal Components

Canonical Plot Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Discriminant

Characteristic Curves Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Item Analysis

Loadings Plot Analyze > Multivariate Methods > PLS

Dual Plot Analyze > Multivariate Methods > Item Analysis

Scatterplot Analyze > Reliability and Survival > Fit Life by X

Compare Distributions Analyze > Reliability and Survival > Life Distribution

MCF Plot Analyze > Reliability and Survival > Recurrence Analysis

Nonparametric Overlay Analyze > Reliability and Survival > Fit Life by X

Line Graphs Graph > Graph Builder

Pie Chart

Box Plots Graph > Graph Builder

Stacked Bar Chart Graph > Chart

Graph > Chart

Needle and Line Chart Graph > Overlay Plot

Three Dimensional Scatterplot Graph > Scatterplot 3D

Dot and Line Chart Graph > Overlay Plot

Contour Plot Graph > Contour Plot

Three Dimensional Scatterplot Graph > Scatterplot 3D

Bubble Plot Graph > Bubble Plot

Parallel Plot Graph > Parallel Plot

Scatterplot Matrix Graph > Scatterplot Matrix

Cell Plot Graph > Cell Plot

Ter n a ry P l o t Graph > Ternary Plot

Tree Map Graph > Tree Map

Ishikawa Chart Fishbone Chart Graph > Diagram

Individual Measurement Chart Moving Range Chart Graph > Control Chart > IR

XBar Chart Graph > Control Chart > XBar

Variability Chart Graph > Variability/Gauge Chart

Goal Plot Graph > Capability

Prediction Profiler

Graph > Profiler Pareto Plot Graph > Pareto Plot

Contour Profiler Graph > Contour Profiler

Surface Plot Graph > Surface Plot

Mixture Profiler

Graph > Mixture Profiler

About This Guide

Discovering JMP provides a general introduction to the JMP software. This guide assumes that you have no knowledge of JMP. Whether you are an analyst, researcher, student, professor, or statistician, this guide gives you a general overview of JMP’s user interface and features.

This guide introduces you to the following information:

•Starting JMP

•The structure of a JMP window

• Preparing and manipulating data

• Using interactive graphs to learn from your data

• Performing simple analyses to augment graphs

• Customizing JMP and special features

This guide contains six chapters. Each chapter contains examples that reinforce the concepts presented in the chapter. All of the statistical concepts are at an introductory level. The sample data used in this book are included with the software. Here is a description of each chapter:

•Chapter 1, Introducing JMP, provides an overview of the JMP application. You learn how content is organized and how to navigate the software.

• Chapter 2, Working with Your Data, describes how to import data from a variety of sources, and prepare it for analysis. There is also an overview of data manipulation tools.

•Chapter 3, Visualizing Your Data, describes graphs and charts you can use to visualize and understand your data. The examples range from simple analyses involving a single variable, to multiple-variable graphs that enable you to see relationships between many variables.

•Chapter 4, Analyzing Your Data, describes many commonly used analysis techniques. These techniques range from simple techniques that do not require the use of statistical methods, to advanced techniques, where knowledge of statistics is useful.

•Chapter 5, Saving and Sharing Your Work, describes using journals and projects, and saving scripts.

•Chapter 6, Special Features, describes how to automatically update graphs and analyses as data changes, how to use preferences to customize your reports, and how JMP interacts with SAS.

After reviewing this guide, you will be comfortable navigating and working with your data in JMP.

While JMP is available for both Windows and Macintosh operating systems, the material in this guide is based on a Windows operating system.

Chapter 1

Introducing JMP

Basic Concepts

JMP (pronounced jump) is a powerful and interactive data visualization and statistical analysis tool. Use JMP to learn more about your data by performing analyses and interacting with the data using data tables, graphs, charts, and reports.

JMP is useful to the researcher who wants to perform a wide range of statistical analyses and modeling. JMP is equally useful to the business analyst who wants to quickly uncover trends and patterns in data. With JMP, you do not have to be an expert in statistics to get information from your data.

For example, you can use JMP to do the following:

• Create interactive graphs and charts to explore your data and discover relationships.

• Discover patterns of variation across many variables at once.

• Explore and summarize large amounts of data.

• Develop powerful statistical models to predict the future.

Figure 1.1 Examples of JMP Reports

Contents

Concepts You Should Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

How Do I Get Started? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Starting JMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Using Sample Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Understanding Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Understanding the JMP Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Step 1: Launching a Platform and Viewing Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Step 2: Removing the Box Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Step 3: Requesting Additional Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Step 4: Interacting with Platform Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

How is JMP Different from Excel? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Columns Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Tables and Worksheets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

The Data Grid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Analysis and Graph Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

How Do I Find Help? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Chapter 1 Introducing JMP 13

Concepts You Should Know

Before you begin using JMP, you should be familiar with these concepts:

• Enter, view, edit, and manipulate data using JMP data tables.

• Select a platform from the use to analyze data and work with graphs.

• Platforms use these windows:

– Launch windows where you set up and run your analysis.

– Report windows showing the output of your analysis.

• Report windows normally contain the following items:

– A graph of some type (such as a scatterplot or a chart).

–Specific reports that you can show or hide using the disclosure button .

–Platform options that are located within red triangle menus .

Analyze and Graph menus. Platforms contain interactive windows that you

How Do I Get Started?

The general workflow in JMP is simple:

1. Get your data into JMP.

2. Select a platform and complete its launch window.

3. Explore your results and discover where your data takes you.

This workflow is described in more detail in “Understanding the JMP Workflow,” p. 18.

Typically, you start your work in JMP by using graphs to visualize individual variables and relationships among your variables. Graphs make it easy to see this information, and to see the deeper questions to ask. Then you use analysis platforms to dig deeper into your problems and find solutions.

•The “Working with Your Data” chapter shows you how to get data into JMP.

•The “Visualizing Your Data” chapter shows you how to use some of the useful graphs JMP provides to look more closely at your data.

•The “Analyzing Your Data” chapter shows you how to use some of the analysis platforms.

Each chapter teaches through examples. The following sections in this chapter describe data tables and general concepts for working in JMP.

Starting JMP

Start JMP in two ways:

• Double-click on the JMP icon, normally found on your desktop. This starts JMP, but does not open any existing JMP files.

14 Introducing JMP Chapter 1

How Do I Get Started?

• Double-click an existing JMP file. This starts JMP and opens the file.

The initial view of JMP includes the Tip of the Day window and the JMP Starter window. The JMP Starter window classifies actions and platforms using categories.

Figure 1.2 The JMP Starter

On the left is a list of categories. Click a category to see the features and the commands related to that category. For a description of all of the features in the JMP Starter, see Using JMP.

Another useful window is the Home window.

Chapter 1 Introducing JMP 15

How Do I Get Started?

Figure 1.3 The Home Window

To open the Home window, select View > Home Window. This window includes links to the following:

• the data tables and report windows that are currently open

• files that you have opened recently

For more details about the JMP Starter window and the Home window, see Using JMP.

Almost all JMP windows contain a menu bar and a toolbar. You can find most JMP features in three ways:

• using the menu bar

• using the toolbar buttons

• using the buttons on the JMP Starter window

Note: By default, windows in JMP are not maximized. This enables you to see the interaction between the windows.

About the Menu Bar and Toolbars

The menus and toolbars are hidden in many windows. To see them, hover your mouse cursor over the blue bar under the window’s title bar. The menus in the JMP Starter window, the Home window, and all data tables are always visible.

16 Introducing JMP Chapter 1

Understanding Data Tables

Using Sample Data

The examples in this book and the other JMP books use sample data tables. The default location on Windows for the sample data is here:

C:\Program Files\SAS\JMP\9\Support Files English\Sample Data

The Sample Data Index groups the data tables by category. Click a disclosure button to see a list of data tables for that category, and then click a link to open a data table.

Opening a JMP sample data table

1. From the

2. Open the

3. Click the name of the data table to use it in the examples in this book.

Sample Import Data

Use files from other applications to learn how to import data into JMP.

The default location on Windows for the sample import data is here:

C:\Program Files\SAS\JMP\9\Support Files English\Sample Import Data

Help menu, select Sample Data.

Data Tables for Discovering JMP list by clicking on the disclosure button next to it.

Understanding Data Tables

A data table is a collection of data organized in rows and columns. It is similar to a Microsoft® Excel® spreadsheet, but with some important differences that are discussed in “How is JMP Different from Excel?,”

p. 23. A data table might also contain other information like notes, variables, and scripts. These

supplementary items are discussed in later chapters.

Open the VA Lung Cancer data table to see the data table described here.

Chapter 1 Introducing JMP 17

The data grid has rows and columns for data

Ta bl e panel

Columns panel

Rows panel

Column names

Thumbnail links to report windows

Understanding Data Tables

Figure 1.4 A Data Table

A data table contains the following parts:

Data grid The data grid contains the data arranged in rows and columns. Generally, each row in the

data grid is an observation, and the columns (also called variables) give information about the observations. In Figure 1.4, each row corresponds to a test subject, and there are twelve columns of information. Although all twelve columns cannot be shown in the data grid, the Columns panel lists them all. The information given about each test subject includes the time, cell type, treatment, and more. Each column has a header, or name. That name is not part of the table’s total count of rows.

Table panel The table panel can contain table variables or table scripts. In Figure 1.4, there is one

saved script called

Model that can automatically recreate an analysis. This table also has a variable

named Notes that contains information about the data. Table variables and table scripts are discussed in a later chapter.

18 Introducing JMP Chapter 1

Understanding the JMP Workflow

Columns panel

The columns panel shows the total number of columns, whether any columns are selected, and a list of all the columns by name. The numbers in parentheses (12/0) show that there are twelve columns, and that no columns are selected. An icon to the left of each column name shows that column’s modeling type. Modeling types are described in “Understanding Modeling

Ty p es ,” p. 92 in the “Analyzing Your Data” chapter. Icons to the right show any attributes assigned

to the column. See “Viewing or Changing Column Information,” p. 39 in the “Working with Your Data” chapter for more information about these icons.

Rows panel The rows panel shows the number of rows in the data table, and how many rows are

selected, excluded, hidden, or labeled. In Figure 1.4, there are 137 rows in the data table.

Thumbnail links to report windows This area shows thumbnails of all reports based on the data

table. Hover over one to see a larger preview of the report window. Double-click a thumbnail to bring the report window to the front.

Interacting with the data grid, which includes adding rows and columns, entering data, and editing data, is discussed in the “Working with Your Data” chapter. If you open multiple data tables, each one appears in a separate window.

Understanding the JMP Workflow

Once your data is in a data table, you can create graphs or plots, and perform analyses. All features are located in platforms, which are found primarily on the because they do not just produce simple static results. Platform results appear in report windows, are highly interactive, and are linked to the data table and to each other.

Analyze or Graph menus. They are called platforms

The platforms under the

Analyze and Graph menus provide a variety of analytical features and data

exploration tools.

The general steps to produce a graph or analysis are as follows:

1. Open a data table.

2. Select a platform from the Graph or Analysis menu.

3. Complete the platform launch window to set up your analysis.

4. Click OK to create the report window that contains your graphs and statistical analyses.

5. Customize your report by using report options.

6. Save, export, and share your results with others.

Later chapters discuss these concepts in greater detail.

The following example shows you how to perform a simple analysis and customize it in four steps. This example uses the

Companies.jmp file sample data table to show a basic analysis of the variable Profits ($M).

Chapter 1 Introducing JMP 19

Understanding the JMP Workflow

Step 1: Launching a Platform and Viewing Results

1. Open the Companies.jmp data table.

2. Select

3. Select

Figure 1.5 Assign Profits ($M)

Analyze > Distribution to open the Distribution launch window.

Profits ($M) in the Select Columns box and click the Y, Co l u m ns button.

The variable

Profits ($M) appears in the Y, C o lum n s role. See Figure 1.5 for the completed window.

Another way to assign variables is to click and drag columns from the Select Columns box to any of the roles boxes.

4. Click OK.

The Distribution report window appears.

20 Introducing JMP Chapter 1

Disclosure buttons

Red triangle menus

Blue bar that indicates the hidden menu bar and toolbars

Link to data table

Understanding the JMP Workflow

Figure 1.6 Distribution Report Window

Step 2: Removing the Box Plot

The report window contains basic plots or graphs and preliminary analysis reports. The results appear in an outline format, and you can show or hide any report by clicking on the disclosure button.

Red triangle menus contain options and commands to request additional graphs and analyses at any time.

Hover over the blue bar at the top of the window to see the menu bar and the toolbars.

Click the data table button to bring the data table that was used to create this report to the front.

Continue using the Distribution report that you created earlier.

1. Click the red triangle next to

2. Deselect

Outlier Box Plot to turn the option off.

Profits ($M) to see a menu of report options.

The outlier box plot is removed from the report window.

+ 128 hidden pages

Sas DISCOVERING JMP RELEASE 9 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Introducing JMP

Concepts You Should Know

How Do I Get Started?

Starting JMP

Understanding Data Tables

Using Sample Data

Understanding the JMP Workflow

Step 1: Launching a Platform and Viewing Results

Step 2: Removing the Box Plot