SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems User Guide

SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2, version for SAP solutions - User Guide

Version 12.2.0.0

October 2009

Trademarks

without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.

All rights reserved. SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP Business ByDesign, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and other countries.

Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Business Objects S.A. in the United States and in other countries. Business Objects is an SAP company.

All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National product specifications may vary.

These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.

Chapter 1 Introduction 9

What is a Rapid Mart? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture . . . . . . . . . 12

About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chapter 2 Overview 15

What you can do with this Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Supported analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Dimensions available to support these analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Related Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Components shared with other SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts . . 20

Project Systems Rapid Mart schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Where the Rapid Mart fits in Project Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Chapter 3 Subject Areas 25

Projects (PS) Module Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Work Breakdown Structure / Project Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Network Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Production Resource Tools (PRT) Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Project Costing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Milestone Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Network Order Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 3

Contents

Rapid Mart data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Network Relationship Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Rapid Mart data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Project Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Rapid Mart data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

PRT Assignment Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Rapid Mart processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Rapid Mart data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Chapter 4 Reports 73

Milestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Network (Production) Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Network Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Project Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

PRT Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Order Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

SAP Master Data Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Data Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Data Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

4 SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Contents

Recommended table joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Chapter 5 Universe 143

Universe Design Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Universe Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Universe Table Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Join Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Hierarchies Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Geographic Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Time Dimension and Fiscal Period Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Material Product Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Horizontal & Vertical Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Project System Specific Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Accounting Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Additional Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

SAP Project System Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Universe Objects & Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Common Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Milestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Network Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Network Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Project Cost Summary (Horizontal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Project Cost Summary (Vertical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

PRT Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Order Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Filters & Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Universe Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

SAP Master Data Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Data Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Data Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Recommended table joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

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Splitting the SAP Project System Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227

Chapter 6 Installing the Rapid Mart 229

Preparing Data Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

Preparing Target Database Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

Preparing Source Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236

Preparing BusinessObjects Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Performance Tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236

Create Target Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

Renaming the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242

Import ATL File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244

Adjusting the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Using Auxiliary Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253

Using ABAP Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254

Final Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258

Import Wizard for Reporting Content BIAR File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260

Creating Universe Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276

Chapter 7 Using the Rapid Mart 279

Recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Data Services automatic recovery feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

Rapid Mart recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Execution status framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282

The execution status table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282

The execution status API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283

Executing a job with the Reset option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

Extraction, transformation and loading process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284

Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286

Global Variable Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

Used in All Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Used in 2 to 10 Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293

Used in Only 1 Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

Setting Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313

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Executing the job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Initial (First) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Incremental (Delta) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

Customizing the Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

Chapter 8 Technical Implementation 321

Milestone Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

Initial (First) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Incremental (Delta) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Network Order Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

Initial (First) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Incremental (Delta) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Network Relationship Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Project Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

PRT Assignment Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Initial (First) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Incremental (Delta) Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342

Rolling Totals Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342

Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Table Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Data Transfer Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

Hierarchy Optimizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Dealing with NULL values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

Fact Table Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

Fiscal Periods & Time Dim Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

Chapter 9 Documentation References 363

Data Services Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

BusinessObjects Enterprise Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

Appendix A Rapid Mart Data Schema 367

SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 7

Contents

8 SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Introduction

chapter

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages are blueprints for building data marts with SAP BusinessObjects technology:

• Data Services

• Universe Designer

• Web Intelligence.

Rapid Marts packages deliver jump-start ETL (extract, transform & load) mappings, schema, and initial reporting content, accelerating the deployment of BI (business intelligence) for enterprise applications from SAP, PeopleSoft, Oracle, and Siebel.

Each Rapid Mart is designed to address the reporting needs of a specific business area (or department) like accounting, sales, or purchasing. A component-based framework allows conducting analysis across these selected business areas by combining different packages within the same source application suite.

Rapid Marts focus on basic standard configuration of the enterprise applications. They are country and industry neutral templates meant to be easily modified and extended to suit customer specific application implementation and reporting needs.

Rapid Marts incorporate best practices, and provide easily modifiable templates. With Rapid Marts total development time of a data mart solution is greatly reduced.

Each customer situation is different. You will probably encounter one or more of these:

• Customizations you have made to SAP solutions the Rapid Mart does not

cover.

• Standard SAP solutions data fields important for your specific business,

but not included in the Rapid Mart templates.

• Optimization and performance challenges unique to your environment.

• Reporting requirements not covered within the Rapid Mart template

reports.

Rapid Marts are flexible templates that you can adjust to account for these unique situations. It is expected that some customization and optimization will be needed to suit your individual environment. Rapid Marts are not an out-of-the-box solution.

10 SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

BI tools and analytic tools can access Rapid Mart data through SQL queries. Rapid Marts can be implemented individually, or in any combination, to form a single platform that delivers the infrastructure for your company’s internal and external information needs. They can also serve as a staging area for enterprise analytic applications.

Rapid Marts provide your business with an accelerated time to value through rapid BI deployments because you can implement them quickly and easily customize them to meet specific analytic requirements.

Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value

Rapid Marts are packaged data solutions that you can quickly deploy to address specific areas of business analysis.

Available Rapid Marts packages for SAP solutions include:

Financial Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Payable Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Receivable Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

Operational Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Inventory Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

Manufacturing Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Plant Maintenance Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Production Planning Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

Human Capital Management (HCM) Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Human Resources Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 11

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

You can combine multiple Rapid Marts packages into a single environment to build the foundation for your data warehouse or use them as a staging area for business intelligence applications.

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture

Rapid Marts architecture is driven by SAP BusinessObjects technology. Rapid Mart Architecture:

Rapid Marts packages include the following components:

12 SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Introduction

About this document

• Data Movement Jobs - packaged source-to-target mappings and data

transformations. Each job is designed to perform initial and incremental data movement;

• Data Model & Schema - set of dat a mart database objects designed with

dimensional data modeling approach. Rapid Marts packages for SAP solutions has a single integrated data model. The schema are available for Oracle, SQL Server IBM DB2, and Teradata;

• Semantic Layer (Universes) - SAP BusinessObjects metadata packages

for efficient query generation. There can be one or more universes per Rapid Mart. Each universe is developed using Rapid Marts design principles to ensure compatibility, code readability, and component re-use. In addition, there is one Master universe for development/maintenance of multiple use objects (like Customer, Material, Currency, etc.);

• Reports (Samples) - set of 15-20 Web Intelligence reports per Rapid

Mart. They represent answers to mostly asked business questions (for example, in the SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions - 'What is the monthly Revenue trend by Division for this year?'). The reports are developed using Rapid Mart color/layout templates. Reports are examples of Web Intelligence best practice development (trends, listing, guided analysis, roll ups and downs, etc.).

About this document

This document describes the SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions. This document contains information for a variety of users—information that helps you understand the use of the Rapid Mart, the data in the Rapid Mart, the reports you can create with the Rapid Mart, and how to use and update the Rapid Mart.

This document contains the following chapters:

• Chapter 2: Overview — Describes the business problems you can solve

and the types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Chapter 3: Subject Areas — Contains detailed information about each

componentized section in the Rapid Mart, including the processes each section captures

• Chapter 4: Reports — Provides examples of reports you can produce

• Chapter 5: Universe — Describes the SAP BusinessObjects Universes

upon which the reports are built.

SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 13

Introduction

About this document

•

Chapter 6: Installing the Rapid Mart — Contains the information you need

to install the Rapid Mart

• Chapter 7: Using the Rapid Mart —Describes how to execute the Rapid

Mart, including information about setting parameters and considerations you need to make when customizing the Rapid Mart

• Chapter 8: Technical Implementation —Describes each componentized

section and the work flows that run to load that section

• Chapter 9: Documentation References — Information about where to find

related to the Rapid Mart technical documentation on Data Services and BusinessObjects Enterprise

• Appendix A: Rapid Mart Data Schema — Contains a detailed list of the

tables and views in the Rapid Mart

14 SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

chapter

Overview

This chapter describes the business problems you can solve with the SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions and the types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart. The information in this chapter is useful for those who want a business-level overview of the Rapid Mart and its benefits.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• What you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Supported analyses

• Related Rapid Marts

• Project Systems Rapid Mart schema

• Where the Rapid Mart fits in Project Activities

What you can do with this Rapid Mart

The SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions supports analysis of project information entered within the Project System (PS) module. Both large scale projects, such as building a factory, and small-scale projects, such as organizing a trade fair, require precise planning of the many detailed activities involved. The project manager has the job of ensuring that the project is executed efficiently, on time, and within budget - which he or she achieves by ensuring that the required resources and funds are available as and when needed. The SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions provides a framework for monitoring projects progress, resources, costs and revenue.

The SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions is made up of several componentized sections. Each section supports a subject related to project analysis:

• Milestone Section — In general milestones are used to mark the

transition between various phases or departments. You can also use Milestones for other tasks and functions in the Project System. You can create milestones for activities and WBS elements. They can be used for the following tasks:

• Milestone Trend Analysis

• Earned Value Analysis

• Billing Plan

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Overview

What you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Network Order Section — A network can represent the sequence of

activities in a project or the sequence of a single activity within a project. You can graphically display various structural elements of a project and their interdependencies in the Project System.

The essential components of a network are stored as Network Orders in SAP solutions. The network order is a category of internal order. The Activities of the network order are analogous to the operations on the internal order.

• Network Relationship Section — There is usually a reason for a

specific sequence of activities in a network. For example, there may be technical dependencies between individual activities. These dependencies are represented by relationships in which one activity is the predecessor or the successor of another activity.

• Project Cost Summary Section — You use Project Costing to plan,

monitor, and control project costs, thereby achieving comprehen sive cost accounting.

Project Costing features include:

• Cost planning in various degrees of detail

• Automatic cost calculation wherever there are price and quantity

structures

• Funds management, effected by means of budget allocation

• Integration of project costs with Enterprise Controlling, such as

reconciliation with cost center accounting

• PRT Assignment Section — Unlike machines and fixed assets,

production resources and tools (PRTs) are movable (not stationary) operating resources that are required to perform an activity and can be used repeatedly. For example, PRTs include documents, engineering drawings, and measurement instruments.

Chapter 3: Subject Areas discusses each of these sections in more detail and

how to link them together for a complete Project System Analysis solution.

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Overview

Supported analyses

The SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions supports several types of analyses:

Business function Types of analysis Details available in the

Rapid Mart

Project Costing Project Balance Trend

Comparison

Project Balance Trend by Period

Project Balance Variance Trend

Project Cost YTD Trend Analysis

Project Cost Period Comparison

Displays the project balance trend data for the selected Company Code, Fiscal Years, and Parent Project Element.

View actual project balance period trends for the selected Company Code, Parent Project Element, and Fiscal Year-Period range. Results are grouped by Project Element Hierarchy

View Actual, Planned (or Budget), Variance, and Variance% period trends for a specific Company Code, Parent Project Element, Fiscal Year, and Ledger Version.

View Actual YTD trends for a specific Company Code, Parent Project Element, Fiscal Year, and Ledger Version.

View Actual, Planned (or Budget), Variance Project Element hierarchy comparison for selected Fiscal Year-Periods and Ledger Version.

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Overview

Supported analyses

Business function Types of analysis Details available in the

Rapid Mart

Network Orders (Project Orders)

Milestones Milestone Overview Displays Milestone

Network Relationships Network Relationship

Production Resource & Tools (PRT)

Activity (Project Order Operations)

Network Order Details View network (production)

order listing, network order details, and trend by Business Area for the selected Plant and Calendar Year.

Network Order Analysis View network (production)

order analysis for selected Plant and Calendar Year. View Summary, Trend by Business Area, and Top 10 Materials.

information for the selected Project (and Project Elements).

Milestone Statistics View Milestone performance

statistics by Plant for the selected Company Code.

View Network Relationship

Overview

PRT Assignment Listing View PRT assignments for

PRT Details View PRT details for the

Project Structure (Activity) Planning

overview for the selected Project (or Network - also called Internal Order Id) and Operation Numbers (also called Activities).

the selected Operation Routing Id.

selected PRT (by PRT Name).

View project structure for the selected Project Id.

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Overview

Related Rapid Marts

Dimensions available to support these analyses

Reporting dimensions available in the Rapid Mart include project, project element, project element hierarchies, operations, work centers, capacities, material master data, plant, storage location, currency, account assignment, and time-related dimensions such as fiscal period, calendar date, month, and quarter.

Related Rapid Marts

Components of the SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions are related to other SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Mart components, as follows:

• External procurement information, from purchase requisitions to

purchase orders, is included in the Purchasing SAP BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

• Revenue information resulting from sales orders can be found in the

Sales Analysis SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

• Cost Center & Cost Element Accounting information is included in the

Cost Center SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

Components shared with other SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts

The same components can be used in multiple Rapid Marts. For example, a component that extracts information about materials bought, produced, and sold is needed for a Rapid Mart that supports sales analysis and also for a Rapid Mart that supports inventory analysis. Work flows that extract star schema “dimensions” are components. You can add a component to any Rapid Mart using a simple import procedure.

A Data Services job can include multiple instances of a component. For example, each section includes all the required dimension components. Therefore, a job with several sections may include several instances of a particular dimension component. Components are set to execute only once within a job. This “execute once” feature ensures that shared components do not cause duplicate data extraction from SAP solutions. For more information about the “execute once” feature, see the Data Integrator/Data Services Designer Guide.

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Overview

Related Rapid Marts

Each of the sections listed in “What you can do with this Rapid Mart” on

page 16 are considered components. You can identify a component within a

Data Services job by a “C_” prefix before its name. For example, the component that contains PRT (Project Resource / Tools) Assignments and the associated reporting dimensions is named C_PRTAssignmentSection_SAP.

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Overview

Project Systems Rapid Mart schema

The following diagram shows an overview of the SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions presented as a Star Schema.

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Overview

Project Systems Rapid Mart schema

The additional diagram shows the associated hierarchy and auxiliary tables used by the Rapid Mart.

The following chapter describes each component and reporting dimensions in more detail.

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Overview

Where the Rapid Mart fits in Project Activities

The SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions gives an overview of the functions and processes in SAP solutions designed to support your Project related activities. It is intended for decision-makers and personnel involved in developing and implementing projects throughout your enterprise.

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Subject Areas

chapter

Subject Areas

Overview

Each section in the SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions pertains to a particular subject area. This chapter describes each section and the processes each section captures. But first, additional section “Projects (PS) Module Overview” defines the scope and basic functionality within the SAP solutions Project System (PS) module

The information in this chapter is useful for readers who use the Rapid Mart to design and support a real-time system, such as a Web application, and need to understand the data in the Rapid Mart and how it relates to SAP solutions.

This chapter discusses:

• Projects (PS) Module Overview

• Milestone Section

• Network Order Section

• Network Relationship Section

• Project Cost Summary Section

• PRT Assignment Section

Projects (PS) Module Overview

Both large scale projects, such as building a factory, and small-scale projects, such as organizing a trade fair, require precise planning of the many detailed activities involved. The project manager has the job of ensuring that the project is executed efficiently, on time, and within budget - which he or she achieves by ensuring that the required resources and funds are available as and when needed.

Projects are generally part of the internal processes of a comp any. To be able to control all tasks in project execution, you need an organizational form that is specific to the project and which is shared by all departments involved. Before you can carry out a project in its entirety, the project goals must be precisely described and the project activities to be carried out must be structured. A clear, unambiguous project structure is the basis for successful project planning, monitoring, and control.

You structure your project per the following points of view:

• By structures, using a work breakdown structure (WBS)

• By process, using individual activities (work packages)

Project managers usually distinguish between two types of project:

• Externally financed projects

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Subject Areas

Projects (PS) Module Overview

• Customer projects

• Internally financed projects

• Overhead cost projects

• Capital investment projects

The high degree of integration between the Project System (PS) and other application components means that you can plan, execute, and account for projects as part of your normal commercial procedures. This means the Project System has constant access to data in all the departments involved in the project.

The Project System guarantees close and constant monitoring of all aspects of your project. This includes both technical and commercial aspects of the project.

Each project starts with the definition and classification of the structures required for processing and the incorporation of these into the existing enterprise structure.

The Project System has no organizational structures of its own; you incorporate it into the existing structure by making assignments to the organizational units in Accounting and Logistics. It is this which enables the Project System to present data clearly and in many different ways.

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Subject Areas

Projects (PS) Module Overview

Project Structure Overview

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Subject Areas

Projects (PS) Module Overview

In the Rapid Mart, the various components of project structure are represented:

• Projects - are represented in the Project Dimension.

• WBS Element s - are represented by the Project Element Dimension and

Project Element Hierarchy.

• Networks - are represented by Network Orders

• Activities - are represented by the Order Operations Dimension

• Material Components - are represented by the Material Dimension and

Material by Plant Dimension

• Many of the other items shown in the graphic above are also dimensions,

such as:

• Profit Center

• Company Code

• Business Area

• Plant

• Storage Location

• etc.

Additional Information on the more important components is given below:

Work Breakdown Structure / Project Elements

The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a model of the work to be performed in a project organized in a hierarchical structure. These are also called the Project Elements. The WBS is an important tool which helps you keep an overview of the project:

• It forms the basis for organization and coordination in the project.

• It shows the amount of work, the time required, and the costs involved in

the project.

It is the functional basis for further planning steps in a project, such as process planning, cost planning, scheduling, date and capacity planning, or costing, as well as project control. The project structure can be represented according to different criteria:

• By phase (logic-oriented)

• By function (function-oriented)

• By object (object-oriented)

In a work breakdown structure (WBS), you describe the individual tasks and activities in the project as individual elements in a hierarchy.

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Subject Areas

Projects (PS) Module Overview

Depending on the phase of your project, you continue to break down the tasks and activities in your project, step-by-step, until you reach the level of detail necessary to carry it out.

The individual elements represent activities within the work breakdown structure. The elements are called work breakdown structure elements (WBS Elements) in the Project System. WBS elements can be:

• Tasks

• Partial tasks which are subdivided further

• Work packages

Networks

A network can represent the sequence of activities in a project or the sequence of a single activity within a project. You can graphically display various structural elements of a project and their interdependencies in the Project System.

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