SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid 3.2 User Manual
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid
Mart XI 3.2, version for SAP solutions User Guide
Version 12.2.2.0
October 2009
Copyright
Trademarks
© Copyright 2009 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose
without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be
changed without prior notice.
Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary
software components of other software vendors.
All rights reserved. SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP Business
ByDesign, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective
logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and other countries.
Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal
Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services
mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks
of Business Objects S.A. in the United States and in other countries. Business Objects is an
SAP company.
All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective
companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National
product specifications may vary.
These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP
AG and its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, without
representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or
omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and
services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such
products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an
additional warranty.
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 9
What is a Rapid Mart? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture . . . . . . . . . 12
About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Chapter 2 Overview 15
What you can do with this Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Supported analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Dimensions available to support these analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Related Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Fitting into the accounting process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Chapter 3 Rapid Mart Subject Areas 29
Cost Analysis Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Cost Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Financial Organization Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Cost Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Profit Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Vendors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Accounting Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Cost Transaction Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 3
Contents
Profit Center Detail Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Profit Center Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
General Ledger Account Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Chapter 4 Reports 69
Cost Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Cost Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Profit Center Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Profit Center Details - Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Profit Center Details - Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Profit Center Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
Profit Center Summary - Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Profit Center Summary - Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
SAP Master Data Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Data Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Data Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Recommended table joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Chapter 5 Universe 147
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Universe Design Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
4 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
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Universe Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Universe Table Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Join Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Hierarchies Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Geographic Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Time Dimension and Fiscal Period Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Material Product Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Horizontal & Vertical Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Hierarchy Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Cost Center Specific Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Cost Center Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Universe Objects & Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Common Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Cost Details Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Cost Summary Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Invalid Cost Center Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Filters & Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Universe Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
SAP Profit Center Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Universe Objects & Classes - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Common Dimensions - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Profit Center Detail Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Profit Center Summary Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Income Statement Setup Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Universe Filters - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Universe Validation - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Universe Objects & Classes - Master Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Universe Validation - Master Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Chapter 6 Installing the Rapid Mart 259
Preparing Data Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 5
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Preparing Target Database Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265
Preparing Source Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Preparing BusinessObjects Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Performance Tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Create Target Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269
Renaming the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
Import ATL File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274
Adjusting the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Using Auxiliary Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283
Using ABAP Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284
Final Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288
Import Wizard for Reporting Content BIAR File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290
Creating Universe Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306
Additional Post-Installation Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308
Chapter 7 Using the Rapid Mart 311
Recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Data Services automatic recovery feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
Rapid Mart recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Execution status framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314
The execution status table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314
The execution status API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315
Executing a job with the Reset option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Extraction, transformation and loading process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316
Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318
Global Variable Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Used in All Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322
Used in 2 to 10 Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325
Used in Only 1 Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Setting Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345
Executing the job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349
Initial (First) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Incremental (Delta) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350
6 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
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Customizing the Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Performance Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Customizations for the Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Chapter 8 Technical Implementation 359
Cost Transactions Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Dimension table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Initial or incremental load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Dimensional table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Initial or incremental load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Profit Center Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Dimension table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Fact table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Table Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Data Transfer Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Hierarchy Optimizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Dealing with NULL values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
Fact Table Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
Fiscal Periods & Time Dim Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
Chapter 9 Documentation References 399
Data Services Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
BusinessObjects Enterprise Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Appendix A Rapid Mart Data Schema 403
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 7
Contents
8 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Introduction
chapter
Introduction
1
What is a Rapid Mart?
What is a Rapid Mart?
SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages are blueprints for building data
marts with SAP BusinessObjects technology:
• Data Services
• Universe Designer
• Web Intelligence.
Rapid Marts packages deliver jump-start ETL (extract, transform & load)
mappings, schema, and initial reporting content, accelerating the deployment
of BI (business intelligence) for enterprise applications from SAP, PeopleSoft,
Oracle, and Siebel.
Each Rapid Mart is designed to address the reporting needs of a specific
business area (or department) like accounting, sales, or purchasing. A
component-based framework allows conducting analysis across these
selected business areas by combining different packages within the same
source application suite.
Rapid Marts focus on basic standard configuration of the enterprise
applications. They are country and industry neutral templates meant to be
easily modified and extended to suit customer specific application
implementation and reporting needs.
Rapid Marts incorporate best practices, and provide easily modifiable
templates. With Rapid Marts total development time of a data mart solution is
greatly reduced.
Each customer situation is different. You will probably encounter one or more
of these:
• Customizations you have made to SAP solutions the Rapid Mart does not
cover.
• Standard SAP solutions data fields important for your specific business,
but not included in the Rapid Mart templates.
• Optimization and performance challenges unique to your environment.
• Reporting requirements not covered within the Rapid Mart template
reports.
Rapid Marts are flexible templates that you can adjust to account for these
unique situations. It is expected that some customization and optimization will
be needed to suit your individual environment. Rapid Marts are not an out-ofthe-box solution.
10 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
BI tools and analytic tools can access Rapid Mart data through SQL queries.
Rapid Marts can be implemented individually, or in any combination, to form a
single platform that delivers the infrastructure for your company’s internal and
external information needs. They can also serve as a staging area for
enterprise analytic applications.
Rapid Marts provide your business with an accelerated time to value through
rapid BI deployments because you can implement them quickly and easily
customize them to meet specific analytic requirements.
Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value
Rapid Marts are packaged data solutions that you can quickly deploy to
address specific areas of business analysis.
Available Rapid Marts packages for SAP solutions include:
Financial Suite:
• SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Payable Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Receivable Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
Operational Suite:
• SAP BusinessObjects Inventory Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
Manufacturing Suite:
• SAP BusinessObjects Plant Maintenance Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Production Planning Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
• SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
Human Capital Management (HCM) Suite:
• SAP BusinessObjects Human Resources Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions
Introduction
What is a Rapid Mart?
1
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 11
Introduction
1
What is a Rapid Mart?
You can combine multiple Rapid Marts packages into a single environment to
build the foundation for your data warehouse or use them as a staging area
for business intelligence applications.
SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture
Rapid Marts architecture is driven by SAP BusinessObjects technology.
Rapid Mart Architecture:
Rapid Marts packages include the following components:
12 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Introduction
What is a Rapid Mart?
• Data Movement Jobs - packaged source-to-target mappings and data
transformations. Each job is designed to perform initial and incremental
data movement;
• Data Model & Schema - set of dat a mart database objects designed with
dimensional data modeling approach. Rapid Marts packages for SAP
solutions has a single integrated data model. The schema are available
for Oracle, SQL Server IBM DB2, and Teradata;
• Semantic Layer (Universes) - SAP BusinessObjects metadata packages
for efficient query generation. There can be one or more universes per
Rapid Mart. Each universe is developed using Rapid Marts design
principles to ensure compatibility, code readability, and component reuse. In addition, there is one Master universe for development/
maintenance of multiple use objects (like Customer, Material, Currency,
etc.);
• Reports (Samples) - set of 15-20 Web Intelligence reports per Rapid
Mart. They represent answers to mostly asked business questions (for
example, in the SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions - 'What is the monthly Revenue trend by Division for this
year?'). The reports are developed using Rapid Mart color/layout
templates. Reports are examples of Web Intelligence best practice
development (trends, listing, guided analysis, roll ups and downs, etc.).
1
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 13
Introduction
1
About this document
About this document
This document describes the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart,
version for SAP solutions. This document contains information for a variety of
users—information that helps you understand the use of the Rapid Mart, the
data in the Rapid Mart, the reports you can create with the Rapid Mart, and
how to use and update the Rapid Mart.
This document contains the following chapters:
• Chapter 2: Overview — Describes the business problems you can solve
and the types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart
• Chapter 3: Rapid Mart Subject Areas — Contains detailed information
about each componentized section in the Rapid Mart, including the
processes each section captures
• Chapter 4: Reports — Provides examples of reports you can produce
• Chapter 5: Universe — Describes SAP BusinessObjects Universe upon
which the reports are based
• Chapter 6: Installing the Rapid Mart — Contains the information you need
to install the Rapid Mart
• Chapter 7: Using the Rapid Mart — Describes how to execute the Rapid
Mart, including information about setting parameters and considerations
you need to make when customizing the Rapid Mart
• Chapter 8: Technical Implementation — Describes each componentized
section and the work flows that run to load that section
• Chapter 9: Documentation References — Information about where to find
related to the Rapid Mart technical documentation on Data Services and
BusinessObjects Enterprise
• Appendix A: Rapid Mart Data Schema — Contains a detailed list of the
tables and views in the Rapid Mart
14 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
chapter
Overview
2
Overview
Overview
This chapter describes the business problems you can solve with the SAP
BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions and the
types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart. The information in this
chapter is useful for those who want a business-level overview of the Rapid
Mart and its benefits.
This chapter includes the following topics:
• What you can do with this Rapid Mart
• Supported analyses
• Related Rapid Marts
• Fitting into the accounting process
• SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema
What you can do with this Rapid Mart
The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
is designed to handle data from the controlling (CO) module of SAP solutions.
The Rapid Mart enables businesses to manage and monitor expenses and
meet internal accounting needs for users within management, marketing,
finance, accounting, sales, and manufacturing.
The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
addresses these sub-modules of CO:
• Cost element accounting (CO-CEL)
• Cost center accounting (CO-OM-CCA)
• Overhead (or internal) order accounting (CO-OM-OOA)
• Profit Center Accounting from the Enterprise Controlling (EC) module.
The Rapid Mart simplifies the data organization in these areas, making it
easier to investigate, analyze, and report on accounting transactions and
balances. Specifically, the Rapid Mart accesses the SAP solutions master
data tables and transaction tables to create fact and dimension tables.
Like other Rapid Marts, the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart,
version for SAP solutions is made up of several componentized sections.
Each section supports a subject related to analysis of business expenses:
• Cost Transaction Section — Tracks actual primary and secondary cost
transactions for both internal and external costs at the line item level or
rolled up to any dimension.
16 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
What you can do with this Rapid Mart
• Cost Summary Section — Tracks planned (budgeted) and actual cost
period balances (both vertically and horizontally) by organization
structure, cost object, fiscal period, and other dimensions.
In vertical format, the data is presented with one row per fiscal period. In
horizontal format, the data is presented with one row per fiscal year with
upto 16 fiscal periods represented on each row of data.
SAP solutions only presents the horizontal format. The vertical format is
achieved in the Rapid Mart ETL process with Data Services with
Hierarchy Flattening Transforms, and Pivot Transforms.
• Profit Center Accounting (EC-PCA) — Tracks planned and actual costs
and revenue by profit center, fiscal period, and other dimensions. This
section sources data from the EC-PCA Standard Ledger.
Profit Center Detail transactions are categorized as either “Actuals” or
“Planned” (Budget) transactions. SAP solutions segregates the data in
this manner by storing the “Actuals” and “Planned” transactions in
separate database tables. These tables are combined into a single fact
table within the Rapid Mart to facilitate budget variance reporting
Summarized Profit Center reporting is also possible. Again, the ETL
process ensures both Horizontal and Vertical representations of the data
are available, with up to 16 fiscal periods represented. In addition, precalculated rolling 16 period activity summary allows analysis of various
financial ratios.
Analysis across several dimensions and hierarchies is possible, including
organization structure, monetary currency, fiscal period, customer,
vendor, etc. The dimensions available with hierarchies available are:
Material (with Product Hierarchy), Cost Element, Activity, Profit Center,
Cost Center, Internal Order, Functional area, and GL Account.
Note: Profit Center Accounting, as implemented in the SAP
BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions,
is for customers using SAP solutions “Classic” GL only.
You can use Profit Center Accounting as implemented in the SAP
BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
if
• you are running SAP solutions release older than ECC 5.0. or
• you have not implemented the “New” GL module introduced in
ECC 5.0
If you are using “New” GL, use the SAP BusinessObjects General
Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions for Profit Center
Accounting which covers both the “Classic” and “New” versions. The
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 17
Overview
2
What you can do with this Rapid Mart
Additionally , the Rapid Mart provides a series of hierarchies that are available
to all sections. Hierarchies are a group of dimensions with flexible vertically
and horizontally flattened accounting structures (or sets) for:
• Activities
• Cost Center
• Cost Element
• Functional Area
• GL Accounts
• Internal Orders
• Project Elements
Each of these hierarchies is in turn linked to data from the sections (Cost
Summary, Cost Transaction, Profit Center Accounting).
Each of the cost hierarchies may contain records that are valid in SAP
solutions but invalid for the Rapid Mart. This occurs when a node in the
hierarchy is defined as both parent and child of itself. This result s in a circular
dependency that cannot be resolved by the Rapid Mart.
The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
identifies these records and loads them into separate validation tables. This
allows you to correct the data in SAP solutions and then re-load the Rapid
Mart.
Chapter 3: Rapid Mart Subject Areas discusses each of these sections in
more detail and describes how to link them together to form a complete cost
analysis solution.
Profit Center Accounting module in the Cost Center Rapid Mart is the
“Classic” version shared with the SAP BusinessObjects General
Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.
18 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
Supported analyses
Supported analyses
The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
supports several types of analyses.
Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart
Cost Center Accounting Costs and allocations
Plan/Actual/Variance
Cost Element
Accounting
Costs incurred by type
Plan/Actual/Variance
• Drill down or roll up using cost center
hierarchies
• Transaction and summary information
(fixed and variable quantities, units of
measure, and values, in transaction,
cost center, and controlling area
currencies) for all cost centers within a
reporting period
• Cost allocation trends by period by
year
• Overview of costs incurred on a cost
center or cost center hierarchy, by
planned and actual values for a
reporting period
• Overview of costs incurred on a cost
center or cost center hierarchy, by
planned and actual values during a
fiscal year or other time horizon
• Analysis of cost planning efficiency
• Drill down or roll up using cost element
hierarchies
• Overview of costs for cost centers,
internal orders and activities, by fixed
and variable quantities, units of
measure, and amounts in various
currencies for a reporting period
• Analysis of costs incurred by planned
and actual values for a reporting
period
• Analysis of cost elements rolled up by
cost center or internal order, by
planned and actual values during a
fiscal year or other time horizon
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 19
Overview
2
Supported analyses
Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart
Project Element (WBS)
accounting
Costs incurred by type
• Drill down or roll up using Project
Element hierarchies.
• Overview of costs by project element,
by cost element, by fixed and variable
quantities, units of measure, and
amounts in various currencies for a
reporting period
Plan/Actual/Variance
• Analysis of costs incurred by planned
and actual values for a reporting
period
• Analysis of project elements rolled up
by cost element, by planned and
actual values during a fiscal year or
other time horizon
Internal (Overhead)
Orders
Costs and Allocations
• Drill down or roll up using internal
order hierarchies
• Transaction and summary information
(fixed and variable quantities, units of
measure, and values, in transaction,
cost object, and controlling area
currencies) for all cost centers within a
reporting period
Plan/Actual/Variance
• Overview of costs incurred on an order
or order hierarchy, by planned and
actual values for a reporting period
• Overview of costs incurred on an order
or order hierarchy, by planned and
actual values during a fiscal year or
other time horizon
20 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
Supported analyses
Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart
Account Based
Profitability
• Plan/Actual/Variance using cost and
revenue elements.
• Return on investment analysis
• Comparison of revenues and imputed
costs by cost and revenue elements.
Profitability Analysis Cost Based
Profitability
• Plan/Actual/Variance for revenues by
profit center based on cost of sales
valuation approach.
• Drill up and down using profit center
hierarchies.
• Overhead cost trends analysis by
profit center.
Dimensions available to support these analyses
The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions
contains a number of dimension tables that use business intelligence tools to
facilitate analysis. The Rapid Mart extracts these tables from SAP solutions
master data and customizable tables. The tables include enterprise entities
(such as controlling area, business area, company code, vendor and material
data) and CO module data (such as activity, value type, controlling object and
internal order information). A complete list of dimensions is presented below:
2
Dimension Comment
Activity & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
Business Area
Chart of Accounts
Company Code
Controlling Area
Controlling Transaction
Cost Center & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
Cost Element & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
Currency Monetary Currency
Debit Credit Indicator
Financial Record Type
Financial Version
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 21
Overview
2
Supported analyses
Dimension Comment
Fiscal Period
FISL Ledger Special Ledger Master Data (for
Profit Center Accounting)
Functional Area & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
GL Account By Company
GL Account Master & Hierarchy
Internal Order & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
Material & Product Hierarchy
Material By Plant
Object Class
Object Type
Plant
Project
Project Element & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies
Segment
Time Dimension
Transaction Type
Unit Of Measure
Vendor
22 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Related Rapid Marts
Components of the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version
for SAP solutions are related to other SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Mart
components. For example,
• Vendor and material components are included in the Purchasing SAP
BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions and
the SAP BusinessObjects Inventory Rapid Mart, version for SAP
solutions.
• The internal orders in this Rapid Mart include the production planning
orders found in the SAP BusinessObjects Production Planning Rapid
Mart, version for SAP solutions.
• Profitability analysis from the revenue reported in the SAP
BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.
• Cost Based Profitability Analysis is a shared component with the SAP
BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.
The Cost Center Rapid Mart supports SAP solutions before release ECC
5.0 (for legacy purposes). However, the SAP BusinessObjects General
Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions supports Profitability
Analysis from all SAP solutions releases starting with R/3 4.6.
Each of the sections listed in “What you can do with this Rapid Mart” on
page 16 is a component. Y ou can identify a component within a Dat a Services
job by a “C_” prefix before its name. For example, the component that
contains cost transactions and the associated reporting dimensions is named
C_CostTransaction_Section_SAP.
Overview
Related Rapid Marts
2
The same components can be used in multiple Rapid Marts. For example, a
component that extracts information about materials bought, produced, and
sold is needed for a Rapid Mart that supports sales analysis and also for a
Rapid Mart that supports inventory analysis. Work flows that extract star
schema “dimensions” are components. You can add a component to any
Rapid Mart using a simple import procedure.
A Data Services job can include multiple instances of a component. For
example, each section includes all the required dimension components.
Therefore, a job with several sections may include several instances of a
particular dimension component. Components are set to execute only once
within a job. This “execute once” feature ensures that shared components do
not cause duplicate data extraction from SAP solutions. For more information
about the “execute once” feature, see the Data Integrator/Data Services
Designer Guide.
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 23
Overview
2
Fitting into the accounting process
Fitting into the accounting process
The SAP solutions Cost Accounting process consists of the following
elements:
• Personnel costs
• G/L expenses
• Asset depreciation
• Billing documents
• Sales orders
• Goods issues
• Purchase orders
You can combine the sections contained in the SAP BusinessObjects Cost
Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions with the purchasing sections
from the Purchasing Rapid Mart, the sales order section from the Sales Rapid
Mart, the employee payroll section from the HR Rapid Mart, and the general
24 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
Goods
Issues
Sales
Orders
Cost
Summary
Personnel
Costs
G/L Expenses
Asset
Depreciation
Billing
Documents
Purchasing
Cost
Center
Purchase
Orders
Sales
HR
Accounts
Payable
Accounts
Receivable
Cost
Transactions
Profit Center
Detail
Profit Center
Summary
Fitting into the accounting process
ledger information from the Accounts Payable and the Accounts Receivable
Rapid Marts to create a comprehensive view of costs incurred by your
enterprise.
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 25
Overview
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid
Mart Schema
The following diagram shows an overview of the SAP BusinessObjects Cost
Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions components and their
relationships. The central boxes contain the fact tables corresponding to
componentized sections; the smaller boxes indicate dimensional components
that may apply to multiple sections.
26 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Overview
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema
Additionally, the Cost Center Rapid MartContains these Hierarchies, Stage,
and Auxiliary tables.
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 27
Overview
2
SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema
28 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
Rapid Mart Subject Areas
chapter
Rapid Mart Subject Areas
3
Overview
Overview
Each section in the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version
for SAP solutions pertains to a particular subject area. This chapter describes
each section and the processes each section captures.
The information in this chapter is useful for readers who use the Rapid Mart to
develop reporting solutions for SAP solutions Controlling module and need to
understand the data in the Rapid Mart and how it relates to SAP solutions.
This chapter discusses:
• Cost Analysis Basics
• Cost Transaction Section
• Cost Summary Section
• Profit Center Detail Section
• Profit Center Summary Section
• General Ledger Account Hierarchies
Cost Analysis Basics
The Cost Center Rapid Mart details and processes transactional, summary,
and master data obtained from cost accounting transactions, cost objects,
and other areas. These include:
• Cost Objects
• Cost Centers
• Internal Orders
• Project Elements
• Activities
• Financial Organization Structure
• Cost Elements
• Profit Centers
• Projects
• Vendors
• Vendors
• Accounting Hierarchies
Each of these areas is detailed on the following pages.
30 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide
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