SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid 3.2 User Manual

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2, version for SAP solutions User Guide

Version 12.2.2.0

October 2009

Trademarks

without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.

All rights reserved. SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP Business ByDesign, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and other countries.

Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Business Objects S.A. in the United States and in other countries. Business Objects is an SAP company.

All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National product specifications may vary.

These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.

Chapter 1 Introduction 9

What is a Rapid Mart? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture . . . . . . . . . 12

About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Chapter 2 Overview 15

What you can do with this Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Supported analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Dimensions available to support these analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Related Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Fitting into the accounting process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Chapter 3 Rapid Mart Subject Areas 29

Cost Analysis Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Cost Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Financial Organization Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Cost Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Profit Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Vendors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Accounting Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Cost Transaction Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 3

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Profit Center Detail Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Profit Center Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Rapid Mart Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Rapid Mart Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

General Ledger Account Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Chapter 4 Reports 69

Cost Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Cost Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Profit Center Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Profit Center Details - Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Profit Center Details - Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Profit Center Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Profit Center Summary - Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Profit Center Summary - Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Recommended Table Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

SAP Master Data Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Data Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Data Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

Recommended table joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142

Chapter 5 Universe 147

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Universe Design Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

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Universe Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Universe Table Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Join Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Hierarchies Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Geographic Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Time Dimension and Fiscal Period Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Material Product Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Horizontal & Vertical Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Hierarchy Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Cost Center Specific Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Cost Center Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Universe Objects & Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Common Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Cost Details Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Cost Summary Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Invalid Cost Center Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Filters & Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Universe Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

SAP Profit Center Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Universe Objects & Classes - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Common Dimensions - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Profit Center Detail Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Profit Center Summary Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Income Statement Setup Subject Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Universe Filters - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Universe Validation - Profit Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Universe Objects & Classes - Master Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Universe Validation - Master Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Chapter 6 Installing the Rapid Mart 259

Preparing Data Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 5

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Preparing Target Database Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265

Preparing Source Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266

Preparing BusinessObjects Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Performance Tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266

Create Target Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269

Renaming the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272

Import ATL File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274

Adjusting the Data Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Using Auxiliary Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283

Using ABAP Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284

Final Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

Import Wizard for Reporting Content BIAR File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Creating Universe Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306

Additional Post-Installation Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308

Chapter 7 Using the Rapid Mart 311

Recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Data Services automatic recovery feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312

Rapid Mart recovery framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Execution status framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314

The execution status table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314

The execution status API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315

Executing a job with the Reset option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Extraction, transformation and loading process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316

Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318

Global Variable Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

Used in All Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322

Used in 2 to 10 Rapid Marts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325

Used in Only 1 Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Setting Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345

Executing the job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349

Initial (First) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Incremental (Delta) Extraction and Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350

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Customizing the Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Performance Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

Customizations for the Rapid Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

Chapter 8 Technical Implementation 359

Cost Transactions Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

Dimension table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360

Initial or incremental load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

Cost Summary Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

Dimensional table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

Initial or incremental load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

Profit Center Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

Dimension table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

Fact table load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Table Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

Data Transfer Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390

Hierarchy Optimizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Dealing with NULL values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Fact Table Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

Fiscal Periods & Time Dim Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

Chapter 9 Documentation References 399

Data Services Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

BusinessObjects Enterprise Documentation References . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

Appendix A Rapid Mart Data Schema 403

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 7

Contents

8 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Introduction

chapter

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages are blueprints for building data marts with SAP BusinessObjects technology:

• Data Services

• Universe Designer

• Web Intelligence.

Rapid Marts packages deliver jump-start ETL (extract, transform & load) mappings, schema, and initial reporting content, accelerating the deployment of BI (business intelligence) for enterprise applications from SAP, PeopleSoft, Oracle, and Siebel.

Each Rapid Mart is designed to address the reporting needs of a specific business area (or department) like accounting, sales, or purchasing. A component-based framework allows conducting analysis across these selected business areas by combining different packages within the same source application suite.

Rapid Marts focus on basic standard configuration of the enterprise applications. They are country and industry neutral templates meant to be easily modified and extended to suit customer specific application implementation and reporting needs.

Rapid Marts incorporate best practices, and provide easily modifiable templates. With Rapid Marts total development time of a data mart solution is greatly reduced.

Each customer situation is different. You will probably encounter one or more of these:

• Customizations you have made to SAP solutions the Rapid Mart does not

cover.

• Standard SAP solutions data fields important for your specific business,

but not included in the Rapid Mart templates.

• Optimization and performance challenges unique to your environment.

• Reporting requirements not covered within the Rapid Mart template

reports.

Rapid Marts are flexible templates that you can adjust to account for these unique situations. It is expected that some customization and optimization will be needed to suit your individual environment. Rapid Marts are not an out-ofthe-box solution.

10 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

BI tools and analytic tools can access Rapid Mart data through SQL queries. Rapid Marts can be implemented individually, or in any combination, to form a single platform that delivers the infrastructure for your company’s internal and external information needs. They can also serve as a staging area for enterprise analytic applications.

Rapid Marts provide your business with an accelerated time to value through rapid BI deployments because you can implement them quickly and easily customize them to meet specific analytic requirements.

Rapid Marts packages accelerate Time to Value

Rapid Marts are packaged data solutions that you can quickly deploy to address specific areas of business analysis.

Available Rapid Marts packages for SAP solutions include:

Financial Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Payable Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Accounts Receivable Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

Operational Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Inventory Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions

Manufacturing Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Plant Maintenance Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Production Planning Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

• SAP BusinessObjects Project Systems Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

Human Capital Management (HCM) Suite:

• SAP BusinessObjects Human Resources Rapid Mart, version for SAP

solutions

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 11

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

You can combine multiple Rapid Marts packages into a single environment to build the foundation for your data warehouse or use them as a staging area for business intelligence applications.

SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Marts packages architecture

Rapid Marts architecture is driven by SAP BusinessObjects technology. Rapid Mart Architecture:

Rapid Marts packages include the following components:

12 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Introduction

What is a Rapid Mart?

• Data Movement Jobs - packaged source-to-target mappings and data

transformations. Each job is designed to perform initial and incremental data movement;

• Data Model & Schema - set of dat a mart database objects designed with

dimensional data modeling approach. Rapid Marts packages for SAP solutions has a single integrated data model. The schema are available for Oracle, SQL Server IBM DB2, and Teradata;

• Semantic Layer (Universes) - SAP BusinessObjects metadata packages

for efficient query generation. There can be one or more universes per Rapid Mart. Each universe is developed using Rapid Marts design principles to ensure compatibility, code readability, and component reuse. In addition, there is one Master universe for development/ maintenance of multiple use objects (like Customer, Material, Currency, etc.);

• Reports (Samples) - set of 15-20 Web Intelligence reports per Rapid

Mart. They represent answers to mostly asked business questions (for example, in the SAP BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions - 'What is the monthly Revenue trend by Division for this year?'). The reports are developed using Rapid Mart color/layout templates. Reports are examples of Web Intelligence best practice development (trends, listing, guided analysis, roll ups and downs, etc.).

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 13

Introduction

About this document

This document describes the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions. This document contains information for a variety of users—information that helps you understand the use of the Rapid Mart, the data in the Rapid Mart, the reports you can create with the Rapid Mart, and how to use and update the Rapid Mart.

This document contains the following chapters:

• Chapter 2: Overview — Describes the business problems you can solve

and the types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Chapter 3: Rapid Mart Subject Areas — Contains detailed information

about each componentized section in the Rapid Mart, including the processes each section captures

• Chapter 4: Reports — Provides examples of reports you can produce

• Chapter 5: Universe — Describes SAP BusinessObjects Universe upon

which the reports are based

• Chapter 6: Installing the Rapid Mart — Contains the information you need

to install the Rapid Mart

• Chapter 7: Using the Rapid Mart — Describes how to execute the Rapid

Mart, including information about setting parameters and considerations you need to make when customizing the Rapid Mart

• Chapter 8: Technical Implementation — Describes each componentized

section and the work flows that run to load that section

• Chapter 9: Documentation References — Information about where to find

related to the Rapid Mart technical documentation on Data Services and BusinessObjects Enterprise

• Appendix A: Rapid Mart Data Schema — Contains a detailed list of the

tables and views in the Rapid Mart

14 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

chapter

Overview

This chapter describes the business problems you can solve with the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions and the types of analyses you can do with this Rapid Mart. The information in this chapter is useful for those who want a business-level overview of the Rapid Mart and its benefits.

This chapter includes the following topics:

• What you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Supported analyses

• Related Rapid Marts

• Fitting into the accounting process

• SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema

What you can do with this Rapid Mart

The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions is designed to handle data from the controlling (CO) module of SAP solutions. The Rapid Mart enables businesses to manage and monitor expenses and meet internal accounting needs for users within management, marketing, finance, accounting, sales, and manufacturing.

The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions addresses these sub-modules of CO:

• Cost element accounting (CO-CEL)

• Cost center accounting (CO-OM-CCA)

• Overhead (or internal) order accounting (CO-OM-OOA)

• Profit Center Accounting from the Enterprise Controlling (EC) module.

The Rapid Mart simplifies the data organization in these areas, making it easier to investigate, analyze, and report on accounting transactions and balances. Specifically, the Rapid Mart accesses the SAP solutions master data tables and transaction tables to create fact and dimension tables.

Like other Rapid Marts, the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions is made up of several componentized sections. Each section supports a subject related to analysis of business expenses:

• Cost Transaction Section — Tracks actual primary and secondary cost

transactions for both internal and external costs at the line item level or rolled up to any dimension.

16 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

What you can do with this Rapid Mart

• Cost Summary Section — Tracks planned (budgeted) and actual cost

period balances (both vertically and horizontally) by organization structure, cost object, fiscal period, and other dimensions.

In vertical format, the data is presented with one row per fiscal period. In horizontal format, the data is presented with one row per fiscal year with upto 16 fiscal periods represented on each row of data.

SAP solutions only presents the horizontal format. The vertical format is achieved in the Rapid Mart ETL process with Data Services with Hierarchy Flattening Transforms, and Pivot Transforms.

• Profit Center Accounting (EC-PCA) — Tracks planned and actual costs

and revenue by profit center, fiscal period, and other dimensions. This section sources data from the EC-PCA Standard Ledger.

Profit Center Detail transactions are categorized as either “Actuals” or “Planned” (Budget) transactions. SAP solutions segregates the data in this manner by storing the “Actuals” and “Planned” transactions in separate database tables. These tables are combined into a single fact table within the Rapid Mart to facilitate budget variance reporting

Summarized Profit Center reporting is also possible. Again, the ETL process ensures both Horizontal and Vertical representations of the data are available, with up to 16 fiscal periods represented. In addition, precalculated rolling 16 period activity summary allows analysis of various financial ratios.

Analysis across several dimensions and hierarchies is possible, including organization structure, monetary currency, fiscal period, customer, vendor, etc. The dimensions available with hierarchies available are: Material (with Product Hierarchy), Cost Element, Activity, Profit Center, Cost Center, Internal Order, Functional area, and GL Account.

Note: Profit Center Accounting, as implemented in the SAP

BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions, is for customers using SAP solutions “Classic” GL only.

You can use Profit Center Accounting as implemented in the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions if

• you are running SAP solutions release older than ECC 5.0. or

• you have not implemented the “New” GL module introduced in

ECC 5.0

If you are using “New” GL, use the SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions for Profit Center Accounting which covers both the “Classic” and “New” versions. The

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 17

Overview

What you can do with this Rapid Mart

Additionally , the Rapid Mart provides a series of hierarchies that are available to all sections. Hierarchies are a group of dimensions with flexible vertically and horizontally flattened accounting structures (or sets) for:

• Activities

• Cost Center

• Cost Element

• Functional Area

• GL Accounts

• Internal Orders

• Project Elements

Each of these hierarchies is in turn linked to data from the sections (Cost Summary, Cost Transaction, Profit Center Accounting).

Each of the cost hierarchies may contain records that are valid in SAP solutions but invalid for the Rapid Mart. This occurs when a node in the hierarchy is defined as both parent and child of itself. This result s in a circular dependency that cannot be resolved by the Rapid Mart.

The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions identifies these records and loads them into separate validation tables. This allows you to correct the data in SAP solutions and then re-load the Rapid Mart.

Chapter 3: Rapid Mart Subject Areas discusses each of these sections in

more detail and describes how to link them together to form a complete cost analysis solution.

Profit Center Accounting module in the Cost Center Rapid Mart is the “Classic” version shared with the SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

18 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

Supported analyses

The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions supports several types of analyses.

Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart

Cost Center Accounting Costs and allocations

Plan/Actual/Variance

Cost Element Accounting

Costs incurred by type

Plan/Actual/Variance

• Drill down or roll up using cost center

hierarchies

• Transaction and summary information

(fixed and variable quantities, units of measure, and values, in transaction, cost center, and controlling area currencies) for all cost centers within a reporting period

• Cost allocation trends by period by

year

• Overview of costs incurred on a cost

center or cost center hierarchy, by planned and actual values for a reporting period

• Overview of costs incurred on a cost

center or cost center hierarchy, by planned and actual values during a fiscal year or other time horizon

• Analysis of cost planning efficiency

• Drill down or roll up using cost element

hierarchies

• Overview of costs for cost centers,

internal orders and activities, by fixed and variable quantities, units of measure, and amounts in various currencies for a reporting period

• Analysis of costs incurred by planned

and actual values for a reporting period

• Analysis of cost elements rolled up by

cost center or internal order, by planned and actual values during a fiscal year or other time horizon

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 19

Overview

Supported analyses

Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart

Project Element (WBS) accounting

Costs incurred by type

• Drill down or roll up using Project

Element hierarchies.

• Overview of costs by project element,

by cost element, by fixed and variable quantities, units of measure, and amounts in various currencies for a reporting period

Plan/Actual/Variance

• Analysis of costs incurred by planned

and actual values for a reporting period

• Analysis of project elements rolled up

by cost element, by planned and actual values during a fiscal year or other time horizon

Internal (Overhead) Orders

Costs and Allocations

• Drill down or roll up using internal

order hierarchies

• Transaction and summary information

(fixed and variable quantities, units of measure, and values, in transaction, cost object, and controlling area currencies) for all cost centers within a reporting period

Plan/Actual/Variance

• Overview of costs incurred on an order

or order hierarchy, by planned and actual values for a reporting period

• Overview of costs incurred on an order

or order hierarchy, by planned and actual values during a fiscal year or other time horizon

20 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

Supported analyses

Business function Type of analysis Measures available in the Rapid Mart

Account Based Profitability

• Plan/Actual/Variance using cost and

revenue elements.

• Return on investment analysis

• Comparison of revenues and imputed

costs by cost and revenue elements.

Profitability Analysis Cost Based

Profitability

• Plan/Actual/Variance for revenues by

profit center based on cost of sales valuation approach.

• Drill up and down using profit center

hierarchies.

• Overhead cost trends analysis by

profit center.

Dimensions available to support these analyses

The SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions contains a number of dimension tables that use business intelligence tools to facilitate analysis. The Rapid Mart extracts these tables from SAP solutions master data and customizable tables. The tables include enterprise entities (such as controlling area, business area, company code, vendor and material data) and CO module data (such as activity, value type, controlling object and internal order information). A complete list of dimensions is presented below:

Dimension Comment

Activity & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies Business Area Chart of Accounts Company Code Controlling Area Controlling Transaction Cost Center & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies Cost Element & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies Currency Monetary Currency Debit Credit Indicator Financial Record Type Financial Version

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 21

Overview

Supported analyses

Dimension Comment

Fiscal Period FISL Ledger Special Ledger Master Data (for

Profit Center Accounting) Functional Area & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies GL Account By Company GL Account Master & Hierarchy Internal Order & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies Material & Product Hierarchy Material By Plant Object Class Object Type Plant Project Project Element & Hierarchy Horizontal and Vertical hierarchies Segment Time Dimension Transaction Type Unit Of Measure Vendor

22 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Related Rapid Marts

Components of the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions are related to other SAP BusinessObjects Rapid Mart components. For example,

• Vendor and material components are included in the Purchasing SAP

BusinessObjects Purchasing Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions and the SAP BusinessObjects Inventory Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

• The internal orders in this Rapid Mart include the production planning

orders found in the SAP BusinessObjects Production Planning Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

• Profitability analysis from the revenue reported in the SAP

BusinessObjects Sales Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions.

• Cost Based Profitability Analysis is a shared component with the SAP

BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions. The Cost Center Rapid Mart supports SAP solutions before release ECC

5.0 (for legacy purposes). However, the SAP BusinessObjects General Ledger Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions supports Profitability Analysis from all SAP solutions releases starting with R/3 4.6.

Each of the sections listed in “What you can do with this Rapid Mart” on

page 16 is a component. Y ou can identify a component within a Dat a Services

job by a “C_” prefix before its name. For example, the component that contains cost transactions and the associated reporting dimensions is named C_CostTransaction_Section_SAP.

Overview

Related Rapid Marts

The same components can be used in multiple Rapid Marts. For example, a component that extracts information about materials bought, produced, and

sold is needed for a Rapid Mart that supports sales analysis and also for a Rapid Mart that supports inventory analysis. Work flows that extract star schema “dimensions” are components. You can add a component to any Rapid Mart using a simple import procedure.

A Data Services job can include multiple instances of a component. For example, each section includes all the required dimension components. Therefore, a job with several sections may include several instances of a particular dimension component. Components are set to execute only once within a job. This “execute once” feature ensures that shared components do not cause duplicate data extraction from SAP solutions. For more information about the “execute once” feature, see the Data Integrator/Data Services Designer Guide.

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 23

Overview

Fitting into the accounting process

The SAP solutions Cost Accounting process consists of the following elements:

• Personnel costs

• G/L expenses

• Asset depreciation

• Billing documents

• Sales orders

• Goods issues

• Purchase orders

You can combine the sections contained in the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions with the purchasing sections from the Purchasing Rapid Mart, the sales order section from the Sales Rapid Mart, the employee payroll section from the HR Rapid Mart, and the general

24 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

Goods Issues

Sales

Orders

Cost

Summary

Personnel

Costs

G/L Expenses

Asset

Depreciation

Billing

Documents

Purchasing

Cost

Center

Purchase

Orders

Sales

Accounts

Payable

Accounts

Receivable

Cost

Transactions

Profit Center

Detail

Profit Center

Summary

Fitting into the accounting process

ledger information from the Accounts Payable and the Accounts Receivable Rapid Marts to create a comprehensive view of costs incurred by your enterprise.

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 25

Overview

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema

The following diagram shows an overview of the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions components and their relationships. The central boxes contain the fact tables corresponding to componentized sections; the smaller boxes indicate dimensional components that may apply to multiple sections.

26 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Overview

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema

Additionally, the Cost Center Rapid MartContains these Hierarchies, Stage, and Auxiliary tables.

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide 27

Overview

SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart Schema

28 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

Rapid Mart Subject Areas

chapter

Rapid Mart Subject Areas

Overview

Each section in the SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart, version for SAP solutions pertains to a particular subject area. This chapter describes each section and the processes each section captures.

The information in this chapter is useful for readers who use the Rapid Mart to develop reporting solutions for SAP solutions Controlling module and need to understand the data in the Rapid Mart and how it relates to SAP solutions.

This chapter discusses:

• Cost Analysis Basics

• Cost Transaction Section

• Cost Summary Section

• Profit Center Detail Section

• Profit Center Summary Section

• General Ledger Account Hierarchies

Cost Analysis Basics

The Cost Center Rapid Mart details and processes transactional, summary, and master data obtained from cost accounting transactions, cost objects, and other areas. These include:

• Cost Objects

• Cost Centers

• Internal Orders

• Project Elements

• Activities

• Financial Organization Structure

• Cost Elements

• Profit Centers

• Projects

• Vendors

• Accounting Hierarchies

Each of these areas is detailed on the following pages.

30 SAP BusinessObjects Cost Center Rapid Mart XI 3.2 for SAP solutions User Guide

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