Samsung SPI-2210022502 User Manual

EPBD-001884 Ed. 05

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210

100RAS Outdoor Premium RAS System Description

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INTRODUCTION

Purpose

This description describes the characteristics, functions and structures of the Outdoor Premium RAS of Mobile WiMAX, also referred to as the outdoor SPI-2210. Throughout this document the SPI-2210 designation will be used.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

Document Content and Organization

This description is composed of five Chapters, an Abbreviation and Index as follows:

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System

 Mobile WiMAX System Introduction  Characteristics of Mobile WiMAX System  Components of Mobile WiMAX Network  Functions of Mobile WiMAX System

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Outdoor SPI-2210

 Outdoor SPI-2210 Introduction  Major functions  Resources  System Configuration  Interface between the Systems

CHAPTER 3. Outdoor SPI-2210 Architecture

 System Configuration  Hardware Structure  Software Structure  Redundancy

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

 Call Processing Message Flow  Network Synchronization Message Flow  Alarm Message Flow  Loading Message Flow  Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools

 TTLNA  Web-EMT

ABBREVIATION

Describes the acronyms used in this description.

INDEX

Index provides main searching keywords to be found.

Conventions

The following types of paragraphs contain special information that must be carefully read and thoroughly understood. Such information may or may not be enclosed in a rectangular box, separating it from the main text, but is always preceded by an icon and/or a bold title.

NOTE Indicates additional information as a reference.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

Revision History

EDITION DATE OF ISSUE REMARKS

00 10. 2007. First Draft 01 11. 2007. Cabinet configuration is changed. 02 01. 2008. - Delete the information related DHCP Server

- sFTP  SFTP

- Modify the 'PSMR/PSFMR' information

- Modify the external interface (3.2.7)

- Modify the figure 3.1 and figure 4.15

- Modify the ‘4.1’

- Modify the beamforming explanation

03 06. 2008. - Abbreviations are changed.

- Rel. 5 information is added.

04 03. 2009. - The RADIUS protocol support for interfacing with the AAA

server is added. (1.3, 2.5.1, 4.1)

- ‘Disabling ZCS’ function is added. (2.2.5)

- Figure 3.5 is changed.

- The alarm port specification is changed from 10 Tx UDA to 6 Tx UDA. (3.2.5, 3.2.6)

- The path test-related content is modified. (3.3.3.13)

- The failure alarm types are modified. (4.3)

- The acronyms in The ABBREVIATION section are modified.

05 06. 2009. - Modify Figures 1.1, 1.2, 2.4, 4.1 to 4.4, 4.6 to 4.8, and 4.13

to 4.15

- Add Figures 4.9

- Modify Sections 1.3, 3.3.3.6, 4.1.1 to 4.1.4, and 4.1.6

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Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION I

Purpose.......................................................................................................................................I

Document Content and Organization .......................................................................................... I

Conventions................................................................................................................................ II

Revision History......................................................................................................................... III

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System 1-1

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX.............................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System..................................................................... 1-3

1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration................................................................................. 1-4

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions........................................................................................ 1-6

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Outdoor SPI-2210 2-1

2.1 Introduction to Outdoor SPI-2210......................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Main Functions ...................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.2.1 Physical Layer Processing Function........................................................................... 2-3

2.2.2 Call Processing Function............................................................................................2-5

2.2.3 IP Processing Functions.............................................................................................2-8

2.2.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function............................................................................. 2-9

2.2.5 Maintenance Function .............................................................................................. 2-10

2.2.6 Function of Supporting the Outdoor Environment..................................................... 2-13

2.3 Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 2-14

2.4 System Configuration.......................................................................................................... 2-17

2.5 Interface between Systems................................................................................................. 2-18

2.5.1 Interface Structure.................................................................................................... 2-18

2.5.2 Protocol Stack........................................................................................................... 2-19

2.5.3 Physical Interface Operation Method........................................................................ 2-20

CHAPTER 3. Outdoor SPI-2210 Architecture 3-1

3.1 System Configuration............................................................................................................3-1

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3.2 Detailed Structure...................................................................................................................3-3

3.2.1 Digital Main Block (DMB).............................................................................................3-3

3.2.2 RF Block (RFB)...........................................................................................................3-7

3.2.3 PDP-PO.....................................................................................................................3-10

3.2.4 Direct Air Cooling System (DACS)............................................................................3-12

3.2.5 Universal Control Module (UCM) and Sensor ...........................................................3-16

3.2.6 I/O Module.................................................................................................................3-18

3.2.7 External Interface Structure.......................................................................................3-19

3.3 Software Structure ...............................................................................................................3-21

3.3.1 Basic Structure..........................................................................................................3-21

3.3.2 Call Control (CC) Block .............................................................................................3-23

3.3.3 Operation And Maintenance (OAM) Block.................................................................3-26

3.4 Redundancy Structure.........................................................................................................3-43

3.4.1 MMA-S Redundancy Structure..................................................................................3-43

3.4.2 MRA-S Redundancy Structure..................................................................................3-44

3.4.3 Backhaul Redundancy Structure...............................................................................3-44

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow 4-1

4.1 Call Processing Message Flow .............................................................................................4-1

4.1.1 Initial Access................................................................................................................4-1

4.1.2 Authentication..............................................................................................................4-4

4.1.3 Status Change.............................................................................................................4-7

4.1.4 Location Update........................................................................................................4-11

4.1.5 Paging.......................................................................................................................4-16

4.1.6 Handover...................................................................................................................4-17

4.1.7 Access Termination ...................................................................................................4-23

4.2 Network Synchronization Message Flow...........................................................................4-25

4.3 Alarm Signal Flow................................................................................................................4-26

4.4 Loading Message Flow........................................................................................................4-28

4.5 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow.......................................................................4-30

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools 5-1

5.1 TTLNA/RET .............................................................................................................................5-1

5.2 Web-EMT.................................................................................................................................5-2

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ABBREVIATION I

A ~ C............................................................................................................................................ I

D ~ I............................................................................................................................................ II

L ~ P.......................................................................................................................................... III

Q ~ T .........................................................................................................................................IV

U ~ W .........................................................................................................................................V

INDEX I

A ~ E............................................................................................................................................ I

F ~ M..........................................................................................................................................II

N ~ S ......................................................................................................................................... III

T ~ W.........................................................................................................................................IV

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration...................................................................1-4

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMAX System Functions (Based on Profile C)...............1-6

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Operation.............................................................................2-8

Figure 2.2 SMOR Configuration............................................................................................2-17

Figure 2.3 Structure of Outdoor SPI-2210 Interface..............................................................2-18

Figure 2.4 Protocol Stack between NEs................................................................................2-19

Figure 2.5 Protocol Stack between Outdoor SPI-2210 and WSM.........................................2-19

Figure 3.1 Internal Configuration of Outdoor SPI-2210...........................................................3-2

Figure 3.2 DMB Configuration.................................................................................................3-4

Figure 3.3 RFB Configuration .................................................................................................3-7

Figure 3.4 PDP-PO Configuration.........................................................................................3-10

Figure 3.5 Power Structure...................................................................................................3-11

Figure 3.6 DACS Configuration.............................................................................................3-12

Figure 3.7 Heat Radiation Structure of the Outdoor SPI-2210..............................................3-14

Figure 3.8 Heating Structure of the Outdoor SPI-2210 .........................................................3-15

Figure 3.9 UCM and Sensor Configuration ...........................................................................3-16

Figure 3.10 UCM Configuration Diagram of the Outdoor SPI-2210 ......................................3-17

Figure 3.11 I/O Module Configuration ...................................................................................3-18

Figure 3.12 External Interfaces of Outdoor SPI-2210...........................................................3-19

Figure 3.13 Software Structure of Outdoor SPI-2210............................................................3-21

Figure 3.14 CC Block Structure.............................................................................................3-23

Figure 3.15 OAM Software Structure....................................................................................3-26

Figure 3.16 Interface between OAM Blocks..........................................................................3-26

Figure 3.17 SNMPD Block ....................................................................................................3-28

Figure 3.18 OAGS Block....................................................................................................... 3-29

Figure 3.19 Web-EMT Block.................................................................................................3-30

Figure 3.20 CLIM Block ........................................................................................................3-31

Figure 3.21 PAM Block..........................................................................................................3-32

Figure 3.22 UFM Block .........................................................................................................3-34

Figure 3.23 Loader Block......................................................................................................3-35

Figure 3.24 ULM Block .........................................................................................................3-37

Figure 3.25 OPM Block.........................................................................................................3-38

Figure 3.26 OSSM Block ......................................................................................................3-38

Figure 3.27 OER/OEV Block.................................................................................................3-39

Figure 3.28 OCM Block.........................................................................................................3-40

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Figure 3.29 RDM Block ........................................................................................................ 3-42

Figure 3.30 Redundancy Structure of OAM Block (MMA-S)................................................. 3-43

Figure 3.31 Redundancy Structure of UCCM (MMA-S)........................................................ 3-43

Figure 3.32 MRA-S Redundancy Structure .......................................................................... 3-44

Figure 3.33 Load Sharing Structure of Backhaul.................................................................. 3-44

Figure 4.1 Initial Access Process............................................................................................ 4-2

Figure 4.2 Authentication Procedure (At the time of initial access) ........................................ 4-4

Figure 4.3 Authentication Procedure (At the time of the Authenticator Relocation)................ 4-6

Figure 4.4 Awake Mode  Idle Mode Status Change Procedure .......................................... 4-7

Figure 4.5 Awake Mode  Sleep Mode Status Change Procedure ....................................... 4-8

Figure 4.6 Idle Mode  Awake Mode (QCS) Procedure........................................................ 4-9

Figure 4.7 Inter-RAS Location Update Procedure.................................................................4-11

Figure 4.8 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (CMIP/PMIP Case) ................................ 4-12

Figure 4.9 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (Simple IP Case).................................... 4-14

Figure 4.10 Paging Procedure.............................................................................................. 4-16

Figure 4.11 Inter-RAS Handover Procedure......................................................................... 4-17

Figure 4.12 Inter-ASN Handover (ASN-Anchored Mobility).................................................. 4-19

Figure 4.13 Inter-ASN Handover (CSN-Anchored Mobility).................................................. 4-21

Figure 4.14 Access Termination (Awake Mode) ................................................................... 4-23

Figure 4.15 Access Termination (Idle Mode) ........................................................................ 4-24

Figure 4.16 Network Synchronization Flow of Outdoor SPI-2210 ........................................ 4-25

Figure 4.17 Alarm Signal Flow of Outdoor SPI-2210............................................................ 4-26

Figure 4.18 Alarm and Control Structure of Outdoor SPI-2210 ............................................ 4-27

Figure 4.19 Loading Message Flo w ..................................................................................... 4-29

Figure 4.20 Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow........................................................... 4-30

Figure 5.1 TTLNA/RET Interface............................................................................................ 5-1

Figure 5.2 Web-EMT Interface ............................................................................................... 5-2

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Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile

WiMAX System

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX

The Mobile WiMAX system is the wireless network system that supports IEEE 802.16e2005 base service. The IEEE 802.16 standard constitutes the basis for Mobile WiMAX, and includes IEEE Std 802.16-2004 which defines the fixed wireless Internet connection service, and IEEE Std 802.16, P802.16-2004/Cor/D3 which defines mobility technology such as handover or paging.

Mobile WiMAX Sta nda rd In this description, the entire Mobile WiMAX standard is expressed IEEE 802.16.

The wireless LAN (WLAN, Wireless Local Area Network) can provide high speed data services, but its radio wave is short and covers only small areas, and also gives limited user mobility. It is difficult for WLAN to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) for data service. On the contrary, the present mobile communication networks support the mobility of the users, but the service charge and the cost of system operations are high due to the limited wireless resources. To provide faster service in the existing mobile communication networks, it requires a separate wireless communication technology such as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) for the data services.

Mobile WiMAX can, therefore, overcome the limitations of the WLAN and present mobile communication networks, and accommodate only the advantages of the system. Mobile WiMAX can ultimately provide the high speed wireless internet services with low cost at any time and in anyplace.

Samsung Mobile WiMAX System provides high speed data services using the transmission technology of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) by the Time Division Duplex (TDD), and can give wider coverage compared to the existing WLAN. The system performance and the capacity have been expanded by the high performance hardware, and thus, it can easily give various functions and services to the users.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

The Mobile WiMAX system consists of Radio Access Station (RAS), Access Control Router (ACR) and Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM). RAS manages 802.16 Medium Access Control (MAC)/Physical Layer (PHY) function for Mobile Station (MS), ACR manages various control functions and interworking function between Mobile WiMAX ASN system and CSN system.

System Support Standards Network Working Group (NWG) of Mobile WiMAX Forum defines the Mobile

WiMAX network as Access Service Network (ASN) and Connectivity Service Network (CSN). Samsung’s RAS is Base Station (BS) and ACR is ASN-GW (Gateway) of ASN, respectively. RAS and ACR are based on ASN Profile C and Wave 2 Profile defined in the Mobile WiMAX Forum and the Wave 2 Profile contains Wave 1 Profile.

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1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System

The major characteristics of Mobile WiMAX system are listed below.

High Compatibility and Cross-Interworking

The Mobile WiMAX system is based on IEEE 802.16 standard and complies with Wave 2 Profile and ASN Profile C of the Mobile WiMAX Forum. Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX system provides high compatibility and excellent cross-interworking.

High Performance Module Structure

The Mobile WiMAX system has high performance by using high-performance processor and provides the module structure that it is easy to upgrade hardware and software.

High System Stability

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the redundancy structure for main modules to ensure higher stability.

Variant Advance RF and Antenna Solution Support

The Mobile WiMAX system supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and applies the power amplifier to support wideband operation bandwidth. In addition, it can readily support 4-branch diversity and beamforming.

Evolution Possibility into Next Generation Networking

The Mobile WiMAX system complies with the structure of the Mobile WiMAX ASN Profile C network and the ASN Profile C network composition is similar to the network structure considered in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)/Service Architecture Evolution (SAE). Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX system can easily evolve into the next generation network.

Maintenance Function with Strengthened Security

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the security function (SNMPv3, SSH, SFTP and HTTPs) to all channels for operation and maintenance. The Mobile WiMAX system provides the operator Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) function to authenticate the operator and assign the right for system access and store the operation history in a log.

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1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration

Mobile WiMAX network is composed of ASN and CSN. ACR and RAS are involved in ASN and WSM is the Network Element (NE) to manage ACR and RAS. CSN is composed of AAA server, HA, and PCRF server. ASN is connected with CSN by router and switch.

The following diagram shows the composition of Mobile WiMAX network.

Core Router/Switch

WSM

RAS

DHCP

PCRF

CSN

Edge Router/Switch

ACR

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configura tion

…

RAS

MS MS MS

RAS

Internet

Radio Access Station (RAS)

RAS as the system between ACR and MS has the interface with ACR and provides the wireless connection to MS under IEEE 802.16 standards to support wireless communication service for subscribers. RAS carries out wireless signal exchange with MS, modulation/demodulation signal processing for packet traffic signal, efficient use of wireless resources, packet scheduling for Quality of Service (QoS) assurance, Admission Control, assignment of wireless bandwidth, Automatic Repeat request (ARQ) processing and ranging function. In addition, RAS controls the connection for packet calls and handover.

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Access Control Router (ACR)

ACR, which is the system between CSN and RAS, enables several RASs to interwork with IP network, sends/receives traffic between external network and MS, and controls QoS. The ACR interfaces with the Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server using the DIAMETER/RADIUS protocols and with the Policy & Charging Rules Function (PCRF) server using the Diameter protocol. For Mobile IP services the ACR interacts with the Home Agent.

Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM)

WSM provides the management environment for the operator to operate and maintain ACR and RAS.

Home Agent (HA)

HA accesses other networks or private networks and enables Mobile IP (MIP) users to access internet. HA interworks with ACR that performs Foreign Agent (FA) function for Mobile IPv4 and interworks with MS to exchange data for Mobile IPv6.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server

The DHCP server allocates IP addresses to simple IP users. When an MS requests an IP address to be allocated, the DHCP server allocates an IP address by interacting with the ACR that functions as a DHCP relay agent and sends it to the ACR.

Authorization, Authentication and Accounting (AAA) Server

AAA server interfaces with ACR and carries out subscriber authentication and accounting functions. The AAA server interfaces with ACR via Diameter/RADIUS protocol and provides Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) certification.

Policy & Charging Rules Function (PCRF) Server

The PCRF server is the server that manages the service policy and interfaces with ACR via Diameter protocol. The PCRF server sends QoS setting information for each user session and accounting rule information to ACR.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions

The figure below shows the functions of the ASN systems (ACR and RAS) based on Profile C. Each block name complies with the standard of Mobile WiMAX NWG.

ASN

ASN-GW (ACR)

Paging Controller

Location Register

Context Function

Handover Function

(Handover Relay)

BS (RAS)

Context Function

Handover Function (Handover Control)

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMA X Sys tem F unct ions (Base d on Prof ile C)

Authenticator

Key Distributor

SFA

AAA Client

Key Receiver

RRC & RRA

SFM

(Admission Control)

MIP FA PMIP client

IP Packet Forwarding

Header Compression

Packet Classification

DHCP relay agent

ARQ Operation

MAC PDU

Encapsulation/PHY

The ACR supports the Convergence Sublayer (CS) and performs the packet classification and Packet Header Suppression (PHS) functions. When the ACR carries out the header compression function, it supports ROHC defined in the NWG standard. In addition, the ACR performs the paging controller and location register functions for a MS in Idle Mode.

In authentication, the ACR performs the authenticator function and carries out the key distributor function to manage the higher security key by interworking with the AAA server as an AAA client. At this time, RAS performs the key receiver function to receive the security key from the key distributor and manage it. The ACR interworks with the AAA server of CSN for authentication and charging services and with the HA of CSN for Mobile IP (MIP) service. The ACR as FA of MIP supports Proxy MIP (PMIP).

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

The RAS performs the Service Flow Management (SFM) function to create/change/release connections for each Service Flow (SF) and the admission control function while creating/changing connections. In regard to the SFM function of the RAS, the ACR carries out the SF Authentication (SFA) and SFID management functions. The ACR carries out the SFA function to obtain the QoS information from Policy Function (PF) and apply it in the SF creation and performs the SFID management function to create/change/release SFID and map SF according to the packet classification.

In handover, the RAS performs the handover control function to determine the execution of the handover and deal with corresponding handover signaling. The ACR confirms the neighbor BS list and relays the handover signaling message to the target system. At this time, the ACR and the RAS carries out the context function to exchange the context information between the target system and the serving system.

The RAS provides admission control to collect/manage the MS's radio resource information and the RAS's own radio resource information (e.g., BSID). When load balancing is required based on admission control results, it performs resource management through FA overriding and BS init HO (Handover).

ASN System Function For the detailed description about the RAS functions, refer to Chapter 2 of this

system description. For the description about the ACR functions, refer to the system description for ACR provided by Samsung.

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Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Outdoor

SPI-2210

2.1 Introduction to Outdoor SPI-2210

The outdoor SPI-2210, RAS of Mobile WiMAX, is controlled by ACR and connects Mobile WiMAX calls to MS.

The outdoor SPI-2210 interfaces with MS via a wireless channel observing the Mobile WiMAX standard (IEEE 802.16) and provides high-speed data service and multimedia service in wireless broadband. To this end, the outdoor SPI-2210 provides the following functions: modulation/demodulation of packet traffic signal, scheduling and radio bandwidth allocation to manage air resources efficiently and ensure Quality of Service (QoS), Automatic Repeat request (ARQ) processing, ranging function, connection control function to transmit the information on the outdoor SPI-2210 and set/hold/disconnect the packet call connection, handover control and ACR interface function and system operation management function.

The outdoor SPI-2210 interfaces with ACR in one way of Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet and can exchange various control signals and traffic signals stably.

The outdoor SPI-2210 is installed in the outdoor environment and managed in the omni or sector method according to the property of the installed area. In addition, the outdoor SPI2210 supports the capacity of the maximum 3Carrier/3Sector and MIMO only with the basic cabinet.

The characteristics of the outdoor SPI-2210 are as follows:

Application of the OFDMA Method

OFDMA is used to transmit data to several users simultaneously by using the sub-carrier allocated to each user and transmit data by allocating one or more sub-carriers to a specific subscriber according to the channel status and the transmission rate requested by a user. In addition, since it can select the sub-carriers with excellent features for each subscriber and allocate them to the subscribers when some subscribers divide and use the whole subcarrier, it can raise the data throughput by distributing the resources efficiently.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

Support of Broadband Channel Bandwidth

The outdoor SPI-2210 supports wide bandwidth of 5/10 MHz per carrier and high-speed and high capacity packet service.

Support of 3Carrier/3Sector

The outdoor SPI-2210 can support 3Carrier/3Sector by the basic cabinet.

Support of MIMO

The outdoor SPI-2210 basically supports MIMO of 2Tx/2Rx RF path. There are methods of MIMO as follows;

 Downlink

 Space Time Coding (STC): method for raising reliability of link  Spatial Multiplexing (SM): method for raising data transmission rate

 Uplink

Collaborative SM (CSM): Doubled frequency efficiency

Support of Frequency Reuse Pattern (FRP)

The outdoor SPI-2210 supports FRP N=1 that provides the service to 3-sector by using a carrier and FRP N=3 that provides the service to 3-sector by using different carriers. A service provider can efficiently operate its own frequency resources by using the FRP function.

Support of 4-Branch Rx Diversity (Optional)

The outdoor SPI-2210 supports 4-branch Rx diversity providing four Rx paths to each sector to raise the Rx performance. In the outdoor SPI-2210, Mobile WiMAX base station RF Receiver (MRR), an Rx module, should be additionally mounted to support 4-branch Rx diversity.

Support of Various Frequency Allocation

The outdoor SPI-2210 supports various frequency allocation methods such as contiguous carrier, noncontiguous carrier, FRP N=1 or FRP N=3. The outdoor SPI-2210 can apply RF combiner optionally to such frequency allocation methods.

Support of Beamforming (Option)

The outdoor SPI-2210 is designed as the structure to support beamforming later. The outdoor SPI-2210 mitigates the interference efficiently by uplink and downlink beamforming to raises the average capacity and expand the data coverage. Also the outdoor SPI-2210 needs the process to calibrate the reciprocity between uplink channel and downlink channel.

Schedule to Provide the System Feature For the schedule to provide the features described in this system description, see

separate document.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

2.2 Main Functions

The main functions of the outdoor SPI-2210 are as follows:

 Physical layer processing function  Call processing function  IP processing function  Auxiliary device interface function  Convenient operation and maintenance function  Function of supporting the outdoor environment

2.2.1 Physical Layer Processing Function

OFDMA Ranging

The ranging supported by the OFDMA system is roughly divided by the uplink timing synchronization method and the contention based bandwidth request method.

 Uplink Timing Synchronization

In the uplink timing synchronization method, the outdoor SPI-2210 detects the timing error of the uplink signal by using the ranging code transmitted from MS and transmits the timing correction command to each MS to correct the transmission timing of the uplink. The uplink timing synchronization method has initial ranging, periodic ranging, handover ranging, etc.

 Contention Based Bandwidth Request

In the contention based bandwidth request method, the outdoor SPI-2210 receives the bandwidth request ranging code from each MS and allocates uplink resources to the corresponding MS to enable to transmit the bandwidth request header. The contention based bandwidth request method has bandwidth request ranging or something.

Channel Encoding/Decoding

The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding for the downlink packet created in the upper layer by using Convolutional Turbo Code (CTC). On the contrary, it decodes the uplink packet received from the MS after demodulating.

Modulation/Demodulation

The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the FEC encoding for the downlink packet created in the upper layer and modulates the encoded packet into the QAM signal. In addition, the outdoor SPI-2210 demodulates and decodes the uplink packet received from MS.

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OFDMA Sub-carrier Allocation

The subchannelization is the process to tie the sub-carriers of OFDMA as a transmission unit after grouping them by a certain rule. The outdoor SPI-2210 performs the subchannelization to mitigate the interference between cells. The outdoor SPI-2210 maps the column of the modulated downlink QAM symbol structure with each sub-carrier and carries out the subchannelization when the column of the QAM symbol structure is transmitted to the MS over the wireless line. In such way, the outdoor SPI-2210 transmits the column of the QAM symbol structure to the MS via the sub-carriers pertained to each subchannel.

DL/UL MAP Construction

The outdoor SPI-2210 informs the air resources for the uplink and the downlink to the MS by using DL/UL MAP. The DL/UL MAP consists of the scheduling information of the outdoor SPI-2210 and includes various control information for the MS.

Power Control

The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the power control function for the uplink signal received from multiple MSs and then set the power intensity of the uplink signal to a specific level. The outdoor SPI-2210 transmits the power correction command to each MS and then makes the MS power intensity be the level required in the outdoor SPI-2210 when the MS transmits the modulated uplink signal in a specific QAM modulation method.

Hybrid-ARQ (H-ARQ) Operation

H-ARQ is the physical layer retransmission method using the stop-and-wait protocol. The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the H-ARQ function and raises data throughput by retransmitting or combining the frame from the physical layer to minimize the effect attending to the change of wireless channel environment or the change in the interference signal level.

MIMO

The outdoor SPI-2210 provides the MIMO function as follows according to Mobile WiMAX Wave 2 Profile:

 Downlink

 Matrix A (STC)

Transmission ratio of the Matrix A or (STC) is 1 and equal to that of Single Input Single Output (SISO). However The Matrix A or the STC reduces the error of the signal received from the MS by raising the stability of the signal received from the MS by means of the Tx diversity. This technology is, also, effective in low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and provides excellent performance even when the MS moves in high speed.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

 Matrix B (SM, vertical encoding)

Matrix B or SM method raises the effectiveness of the frequency by raising the transmission ratio in proportion to the number of antenna in comparison with SISO. This technology is effective when the reception SNR is high.

 Uplink

 Collaborative SM (CSM)

CSM is the technology that doubles the frequency efficiency in view of the outdoor SPI-2210 as two MSs with each individual antenna send data simultaneously by using the same channel.

Beamforming

The outdoor SPI-2210 can carry out the following beamforming function later according to Mobile WiMAX Wave 2 Profile: For the beamforming, the outdoor SPI-2210 is designed on the basis of 4Tx and 4Rx.

 Downlink

DL dedicated pilots for Partial Usage of Subchannels (PUSC) and B-AMC (2  3)

 Uplink

 UL sounding channel (type A) with decimation and cyclic shift  UL PUSC and B-AMC (2  3)

The beamforming operation method following the Wave 2 Profile is as follows:

1) If an MS in a specific area transmits the sounding signal to the outdoor SPI-2210, the outdoor SPI-2210 analyzes this signal.

2) The outdoor SPI-2210 estimates an appropriate beamforming coefficient on the basis of the result analyzed in step 1).

3) The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the beamforming for the uplink and the downlink.

Since the uplink and downlink channels have the high correlation in TDD method, the beamforming can be supported.

2.2.2 Call Processing Function

Cell Initialization Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 announces the MAC Management message such as DCD/UCD/ MOB_NBR-ADV to the cell area in service periodically to enable the MS receiving the message to carry out the appropriate call processing function.

Call Control and Wireless Resource Allocation Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 enables an MS to enter to or exit from the network. When an MS enters to or exit from the network, the outdoor SPI-2210 transmits/receives the signaling message required for call processing via R1 interface with the MS or R6 interface with ACR.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

The outdoor SPI-2210 allocates various management/transport Connection Identifier (CID) required for the network entry and service to a MS. When the MS exit from the network, the outdoor SPI-2210 collects and release the allocated CID.

Handover

The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the signaling and bearer processing for inter-sector HO (Handover), inter-ACR HO and inter-carrier HO. At this time, ACR relays the handover message between serving RAS and target RAS through the R6 interface. To minimize the traffic disconnection in inter-RAS HO, the outdoor SPI-2210 performs the data switching function. In handover, the outdoor SPI-2210 enables the serving RAS to switch the user data in queuing to the target RAS and, therefore, the MS to recover the traffic without loss.

Handover Procedure For the detailed handover procedure, refer to Chapter 4 ‘Message Flow’.

Support of Sleep Mode

Sleep mode is the mode defined to save the MS power under IEEE 802.16 standard and indicates the status that air resources allocated to an MS are released when the MS does not need traffic reception/transmission temporarily. If the MS in Sleep Mode needs the traffic reception/transmission, the MS returns to the normal status immediately. Both Idle Mode and Sleep Mode are modes to save the MS power. The Idle Mode release all service flows allocated to an MS, while the Sleep Mode releases only the air resources between the MS and RAS temporarily, continuously keeping the service flow information allocated to the MS. The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the related call processing function by receiving/sending the signaling message required for the MS's status transition into Sleep Mode and the MS return from the Sleep Mode to Awake Mode.

Admission Control (AC) Function

If the outdoor SPI-2210 receives the call setup request, such as network entry, Quick Connection Setup (QCS) and handover, from an MS, it monitors the traffic and signaling load for each subcell and the number of user in Active/Sleep Mode and performs the AC function to prevent the system overload. AC can be roughly divided into AC by MS and AC by service flow.

 AC by MS

If the number of users who the subcell is in Active/Sleep Mode exceeds the threshold when the outdoor SPI-2210 receives the call setup request from an MS, it rejects the call setup request of the MS.

 AC by service flow

When service flow is added, the outdoor SPI-2210 checks if the air resources of the requested subcell exceed the threshold and determines the creation of the service

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

MAC ARQ Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the ARQ function of the MAC layer. In packet data exchange, the transmission side transmits ARQ block which SDU is divided into, and retransmits the packet according to the ARQ feedback information received from the reception side to raise the reliability of data communication. The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the following function for the service flows applying ARQ:

 MAC Management creation and transmission concerned with ARQ operation  Feedback processing depending on ARQ types  Block processing (fragmentation/reassemble/retransmission) depending on ARQ types  ARQ timer/window management

QoS Support Function

The packet traffic exchanged between ACR and Outdoor SPI-2210 is delivered to the modem in the outdoor SPI-2210. At this time, the outdoor SPI-2210 allocates the queue in the modem to each service flow that QoS type is specified to observe the QoS constraint given for each QoS class or service flow and performs the strict-priority scheduling according to the priority. The modem that receives the packet traffic performs the scheduling by using the uplink/downlink algorithm, such as Proportional Fair (PF) or Round Robin (RR) and transmits the scheduled allocation information to an MS through DL/UL MAP. The MS receiving the DL/UL MAP checks the air resources allocated to the MS and modulates/demodulates the downlink packet or transmits the uplink packet from the allocated uplink area. Since the outdoor SPI-2210 provides the QoS monitoring function, it can compile statistics on packets unsatisfying the latency requested from the QoS parameter according to TDD frames and report the statistics to an operator via the OAM interface.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

2.2.3 IP Processing Functions

IP QoS Function

Since the outdoor SPI-2210 supports Differentiated Services (DiffServ), it can provide the backhaul QoS in the communication with ACR. It supports 8-class DiffServ and supports the mapping between the DiffServ service class and the service class of the user traffic received from an MS. In addition, the outdoor SPI2210 supports between Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) and 802.3 Ethernet MAC service class.

Simultaneous Support of IPv4/IPv6

ACR communicates with the outdoor SPI-2210 through the GRE tunnel and the backhaul IP version between the outdoor SPI-2210 and ACR is managed independently from the service IP version for the MS. Even if, therefore, IPv4 is used in backhaul between the outdoor SPI-2210 and ACR, all of IPv4, IPv6 and IPv4/IPv6 dual stack services can be supported.

IPv6 Network

IPv4 Network

Dual Stack MS

(IPv4/IPv6)

RAS

Access Network

IPv4 IPv6

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual St ack Operation

Gateway

Dual Stack Processing

Core Network

Gateway

IP Routing Function

Since the outdoor SPI-2210 provides several Ethernet interfaces, it stores the routing table with the information on the Ethernet interface to route IP packets. The routing table of the outdoor SPI-2210 is configured depending on operator’s setting and the configuration and the setting of the routing table are similar to the standard setting of the router. The outdoor SPI-2210 supports the static routing configuration only and not the router function for the traffic received from the outside. When the outdoor SPI-2210 connects an auxiliary device, it supports the IP packet routing function for the auxiliary device by using Network Address Translation (NA T).

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

Ethernet/VLAN Interface Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 provides the Ethernet interface and supports the static link grouping function, Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) function and Ethernet CoS function under IEEE 802.3ad for the Ethernet interface. At this time, the MAC bridge function defined in IEEE 802.1D is excluded.

The outdoor SPI-2210 enables several VLAN IDs to be set in one Ethernet interface and maps the DSCP value of IP header with the CoS value of Ethernet header in Tx packet to support Ethernet CoS.

2.2.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 can support better performance service and convenience by supporting various auxiliary devices.

Wireless Backhaul Interface

Auxiliary device part of the outdoor SPI-2210 can mount a wireless backhaul device provided by a service provider. The outdoor SPI-2210 supplies the power to the wireless backhaul device. When the server that manages the wireless backhaul device exist, the outdoor SPI-2210 supports the User Define Ethernet (UDE) port to provide path for maintenance traffic between that server and wireless backhaul device.

UDA Support

The outdoor SPI-2210 receives or sends alarm history from/to outside through UDA. The outdoor SPI-2210 provides a total of 24 UDA Rx ports and 10 UDA Tx ports. The outdoor SPI-2210 provides UDA Tx 1 port to AICU for interoperation with TTLNA. When subcell output of RAS is blocked by an operator command for the TTLNA receiver test, the UDA informs the AICU that TTLNA becomes Rx only mode. An operator uses UDA control commands to expand UDA ports, name UDA ports, and transmit UDA Tx signals.

Auxiliary Device Interface

The outdoor SPI-2210 provides the Ethernet interface to connect auxiliary devices such as TTLNA and allocates IP addresses by operating as a DHCP server for the auxiliary devices. In addition, the outdoor SPI-2210 provides the traffic path to transmit/receive the maintenance traffic between an auxiliary device and the remote auxiliary device monitoring server. If the auxiliary device uses a private IP address, the outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the NAT function to change the address into a public IP address (i.e., the IP address of the outdoor SPI-2210) for the communication with an external monitoring server.

Mobile WiMAX Outdoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.05

2.2.5 Maintenance Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 interworking with the management system carries out the following maintenance functions: system initialization and restart, management for system configuration, management for the operation parameters, failure and status management for system resources and services, statistics management for system resources and various performance data, diagnosis management for system resources and services and security management for system access and operation.

Graphic and Text-based Console Interface

WSM manages the entire Mobile WiMAX system by using Database Management System (DBMS) and Outdoor SPI-2210 interworks with this WSM. Moreover, the outdoor SPI2210 interoperates with the console terminal so that the operator can connect to an NE directly without using the WSM to perform the operational and maintenance functions.

For operator’s convenience and working purpose, the operator can select graphic-based console interface (Web-based Element Maintenance T erminal, Web-EMT) or text-based console interface (Integrated Management Interface Shell, IMISH). The operator can access the console interface with no separate software and log in to WebEMT through Internet Explore and IMISH through Secure Shell (SSH) on the command window. The operator can carry out the retrieval and setup of the configuration and the operation information and monitoring about faults, status and statistics via consol terminal. However, the operator can carry out grow/degrow of resources and setting of the neighbor list and paging group which have correlation between several NEs only via the WSM.

Operator Authentication Function

The outdoor SPI-2210 provides the authentication and the permission management functions for the operator who manages the Mobile WiMAX system. The operator accesses the outdoor SPI-2210 by using the operator’s ID and password via Web-EMT or IMISH and the outdoor SPI-2210 assigns the operation right in accordance with the operator’s level. The outdoor SPI-2210 carries out the logging function for successful access, access failure and login history.

Maintenance Function with Enhanced Security Function

For the security, the outdoor SPI-2210 supports Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) and SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) in the communication with WSM and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol over SSL (HTTPs) and Secure Shell (SSH) in the communication with console terminals.

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