Samsung SLS BU102 User Manual

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L TE eSmallCell

System Description

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This manual is proprietary to SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. and is protected by copyright. No information contained herein may be copied, translated, transcribed or duplicated for any commercial purposes or disclosed to the third party in any form without the prior written consent of SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd.

TRADEMARKS

Product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

This manual should be read and used as a guideline for properly installing and operating the product.

All reasonable care has been made to ensure that this documen t is accurate. If you have any comments on this manual, please contact our documentation centre at the following address:

Address: Document & Training C en t er 3rd Floor Jeong-bo-tong-sin-dong. 129, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-

si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea 443-742

Homepage: http://www.samsungdocs.com

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Auto Doc.code 1.0 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Purpose

This description describes the characteristics, features and structure of the enterprise SmallCell (eSmallCell), an LTE eNB.

Document Content and Organization

This manual consists of four Chapters and a list of Abbreviations.

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

y eSmallCell Network Configuration y Interface Specifications

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure

y Introduction to eSmallCell y eSmallCell (L7IA) y External Interface y Cables and Antennas y Mount Bracket y Specifications

CHAPTER 3. System Software Structure

y Software Structure y Data Traffic Flow y Network Sync Flow y Alarm Signal Flow y Loading Flow y Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

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CHAPTER 4. System Functions

y Physical Layer Processing y Interference Mitigation y Call Processing Function y Closed Subscriber Groups (CSG) Function y IP Processing y Over the Air Receiver (OTAR) based GPS Locking Assistance Function y Plug and Play Function y Self Organizing Network (SON) y Security y Easy Operation and Maintenance

ABBREVIATION

Describes the acronyms used in this manual.

Conventions

The following types of paragraphs contain special information that must be carefully read and thoroughly understood. Such information may or may not be enclosed in a rectangular box, separating it from the main text, but is always preceded by an icon and/or a bold title.

NOTE Indicates additional information as a reference.

WEEE Symbol Information

This marking on the product, accessories or literature indicates that the product and its electronic accessories (e.g. charger, headset, USB cable) should not be disposed of with other household waste at the end of their working life. To prevent possible harm to the environment or human health from uncontrolled waste disposal, please separate these items from other types of waste and recycle them responsibly to promote the sustainable reuse of material resources.

Household users should contact either the retailer where they purchased this product, or their local government office, for details of where and how they can take these items for environmentally safe recycling.

Business users should contact their supplier and check the terms and conditions of the purchase contract. This product and its electronic accessories should not be mixed with other commercial wastes for disposal.

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BATTERY Symbol Information

Correct disposal of batteries in this product

(Applicable in countries with separate collection systems.)

The marking on the battery, manual or packaging indicates that the battery in this product should not be disposed of with other household waste. Where marked, the chemical symbols Hg, Cd or Pb indicate that the battery contains mercury, cadmium or lead above the reference leve ls in EC Directive 2006/66.

The battery incorporated in this product is not user replaceable. For information on its replacement, please contact your service provider. Do not attempt to remove the battery or dispose it in a fire. Do not disassemble, crush, or puncture the battery. If you intend to discard the product, the waste collection site will take the appropriate measures for the recycling and treatment of the product, including the battery.

Revision History

VERSION DATE OF ISSUE REMARKS

1.0 09. 2013. First Version

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 3

Purpose ................................................................................................................................................. 3

Document Content and Organization .................................................................................................... 3

Conventions ........................................................................................................................................... 4

WEEE Symbol Information .................................................................................................................... 4

BA TTER Y Symbol Information .............................................................................................................. 5

Revision History ..................................................................................................................................... 5

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture 9

1.1 eSmallCell Network Configuration ........................................................................................... 9

1.2 Interface Specifications .......................................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure 15

2.1 Introduction to eSmallCell ...................................................................................................... 15

2.2 eSmallCell (L7IA) ..................................................................................................................... 16

2.3 External Interface .................................................................................................................... 19

2.4 Cables and Antennas .............................................................................................................. 20

2.5 Mount Bracket ......................................................................................................................... 24

2.6 Specifications .......................................................................................................................... 25

CHAPTER 3. System Software Structure 27

3.1 Basic Software Structure ........................................................................................................ 27

3.1.1 CPS Block ............................................................................................................................... 29

3.1.2 OAM Blocks ............................................................................................................................. 3 1

3.2 Data Traffic Flow ...................................................................................................................... 33

3.3 Network Sync Flow.................................................................................................................. 34

3.4 Alarm Signal Flow ................................................................................................................... 35

3.5 Loading Flow ........................................................................................................................... 36

3.6 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow .......................................................................... 37

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CHAPTER 4. System Functions 38

4.1 Physical Layer Processing .................................................................................................... 38

4.2 Interference Mitigation ........................................................................................................... 41

4.3 Call Processing Function ....................................................................................................... 42

4.4 CSG Function .......................................................................................................................... 44

4.5 IP Processing .......................................................................................................................... 46

4.6 OTAR based GPS Locking Assistance Function .................................................................. 47

4.7 Plug and Play Function .......................................................................................................... 48

4.8 SON Function .......................................................................................................................... 49

4.9 Security .................................................................................................................................... 50

4.10 Easy Operation and Maintenance ......................................................................................... 52

ABBREVIATION 53

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. LTE eSmallCell Network Architecture ........................................................................... 9

Figure 2. S1 Protocol Stack_Control Plane (S1-MME) ............................................................... 12

Figure 3. S1 Protocol Stack_Control Plane (S1-MME) ............................................................... 12

Figure 4. Uu Protocol Stack ....................................................................................................... 13

Figure 5. X2 Protocol Stack ....................................................................................................... 13

Figure 6. Protocol Stack for Interworking with Small Cell EMS .................................................. 14

Figure 7. eSmallCell Configuration ............................................................................................ 15

Figure 8. Internal Configuration of eSmallCell ........................................................................... 16

Figure 9. External Interface of eSmallCell .................................................................................. 19

Figure 10. eSmallCell Ethernet Cable Connection ..................................................................... 20

Figure 11. GPS and RF Cable Connection ................................................................................ 21

Figure 12. Power Cord and Power Supply ................................................................................. 23

Figure 13. Mount Bracket Configuration .................................................................................... 24

Figure 14. eSmallCell Installation (Example) ............................................................................. 24

Figure 15. eSmallCell Software Structure .................................................................................. 27

Figure 16. Data Traffic Flow ....................................................................................................... 33

Figure 17. Network Synchronization Flow .................................................................................. 34

Figure 18. Alarm flow ................................................................................................................. 35

Figure 19. Loading Signal Flow .................................................................................................. 36

Figure 20. Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow .................................................................. 37

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Figure 21. Downlink ICIC Operation ........................................................................................... 41

Figure 22. Anti-Tamper Detection via Light Detector .................................................................. 51

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CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

1.1 eSmallCell Network Configuration

A network which LTE eSmallCell belongs to consists of the eSmallCell, Small Cell Element Management System (EMS), Small Cell Gateway, Small Cell GW EMS, Evolved Packet Core (EPC), etc. A Subnet of the Packet Data Network (PDN), which allows the User Equipment (UE) to access external networks, comprises multiple eSmallCells and Small Cell Gateway/EPC (MME and S-GW/P-GW). The network configuration of the eSmallCell is as follows:

eSmallCell

Cluster

eSmallCell

Hot-Spot

Small Cell

Hot-Spot

Management traffic over IPSec S1-U/S1-MME traffic over IPSec

1588 Server

S1-U/S1-MME

TR-069

S1-U/S1-MME

Provisioning

System

MTAS

X2(CSG)

S1-U/S1-MME

TR-069

Local Router

Cell-site Routers Macro-Cell

Broadband

Small Cell

EMS

TR-069

SeGW

Security

Associations

S1-MME

Figure 1. L TE eSmallCell Ne twork A rchitecture

Uh(OMA-DMOTA)

Small Cell GW

EMS

Small Cell

Gateway

CSG List

Server

S1-MME

S1-U

CSG Admin

Server

HSS

S6a

MME

S11

S-GW

S5/S8

P-GW

SGi

PDN

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eSmallCell

The eSmallCell is located between the UE and Small Cell Gateway/EPC. It processes packet calls by connecting to the UE wirelessly according to the LTE air standard. The eSmallCell is responsible for transmission and receipt of wireless signals, modulation and demodulation of packet traffic signals, packet scheduling for efficient utilization of wireless resources, Hybrid Automatic Repeat request (HARQ)/ARQ processing, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) for packet header compression, and wireless resources control. In addition, the eSmallCell performs handover by interworking with the Small Cell Gateway/EPC.

EPC

The EPC is a system located between the eSmallCell/Small Cell Gateway and PDN. The subcomponents of the EPC are the Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving GW (S-GW) and PDN GW (P-GW).

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

y MME: Processes control messages using the NAS signaling protocol with the

eSmallCell and performs control plane functions such as UE mobility management, Tracking Area (TA) list management, and bearer and session management.

y S-GW: Acts as the anchor for the user plane between the 2G/3G access system and the

LTE system, and manages and changes the packet transmission layer for downlink/ uplink data.

y P-GW: Allocates an IP address to the UE, acts as the anc hor for mobility between the LTE

and non-3GPP access systems, and manages/c hanges char ging a nd the transmission rate according to the service level.

Small Cell Gateway

Small Cell Gateway manages the eSmallCell and interworks with the EPC network by the eSmallCell aggregation. From the view of EPC, Small Cell Gateway acts as an eNB; from the view of eNB, it acts as an EPC, i.e. the representative eNB for the EPC.

Small Cell EMS

The Small Cell EMS provides the user interface for the operator to operate and maintain the eSmallCell. The Small Cell EMS is responsible for software management, configuration management, performance management and fault management. Also, the EMS interworks with service provider’s Network Management System (NMS) and carries out the Plug and Play (PnP) and SON related functions.

Home Subscriber Server (HSS)

The HSS is a database management system that stores and manages the parameters and location information for all registered mobile subscribers. The HSS manages key data such as the mobile subscriber’s access capability, basic services and supplementary services, and provides a routing function to the subscribed receivers.

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Security Gateway (SeGW)

SeGW provides the security tunneling to the eSmallCell connected through the public IP network. To configure the tunnel, SeGW performs the authentication of the eSmallCell by interworking with the AAA server and sets the IPSec security tunneling to the authenticated eSmallCell only. SeGW also provides the network protection through firewall and anti-attack features.

Small Cell GW EMS

Small Cell GW EMS is the system to manage Small Cell Gateway. It manages the configuration, error, status, performance, statistics providing a Graphic User Interface (GUI) for the convenience of the user. Also, the EMS interworks with service provider’s NMS.

CSG Server Refer to the ‘4.4 CSG function’.

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

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1.2 Interface Specifications

eSmallCell supports the following interfaces for interworking with NEs:

Target System Interface Name Physical Interface

Small Cell Gateway S1-MME GE/FE

S1-U GE/FE MME S1-MME GE/FE S-GW S1-U GE/FE eSmallCell X2-C/X2-U GE/FE Small Cell EMS TR-069/FTP GE/FE UE Uu Air

S1 Interface Protocol Stack

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

The following diagram shows the protocol stack for the S1 interface control plane.

S1-AP

SCTP

L2 L1

eSmallCell Small Cell Gateway MME S1-MME S1-MME

S1-AP

SCTP

L2 L1

Figure 2. S1 Protocol Stack_Control Plane (S1-MME)

S1-AP

SCTP

L2 L1

S1-AP

SCTP

L2 L1

The following diagram shows the protocol stack for the S1 interface user plane.

GTP-U

UDP

GTP-U

UDP

GTP-U

UDP

GTP-U

UDP

L2 L1

eSmallCell Small Cell Gateway S-GW S1-U S1-U

L2 L1

Figure 3. S1 Protocol Stack_Control Plane (S1-MME)

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Uu Interface Protocol Stack

The following diagram shows the protocol stack for the Uu interface.

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

[User Plane] [Control Plane]

eSmallCell

RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RRC

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

eSmallCell

Figure 4. Uu Protocol Stack

X2 Interface Protocol Stack

The following diagram shows the protocol stack for the X2 interface between eSmallCells.

User Plane

PDUs

User Plane

PDUs

X2-AP X2-AP

GTP-U GTP-U

UDP

eSmallCell

[User Plane] [Control Plane]

UDP

eSmallCell

Figure 5. X2 Protocol S tack

SCTP SCTP

eSmallCell

X2-C X2-U

eSmallCell

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Protocol Stack for Interworking with Small Cell EMS

The following diagram shows the protocol stack for the connection between eSmallCell and Small Cell EMS.

CHAPTER 1. Network Architecture

SOAP

FTP

HTTP

SSL

TCP TCP

eSmallCell

SOAP

HTTP

SSL

Small Cell EMS

FTP

Figure 6. Protocol S t ac k f or Interworking with Small Cell EMS

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CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware

Structure

2.1 Introduction to eSmallCell

eSmallCell, an LTE eNB, is located between the UE and the Small Cell Gateway/EPC. It provides mobile communications services to subscribers according to the LTE air interface standard. The eSmallCell transmits/receives radio signals to/from the UE and processes the modulation and demodulation of packet traffic signals. The eSmallCell is also responsible for packet scheduling and radio bandwidth allocation and performs handover via interface with the Small Cell Gateway/EPC.

The eSmallCell can be installed vertically or horizontally; and it can be installed on the wall, floor or ceiling by using the mount brackets. The eSmallCell is an all-in-one unit. If a fault occurs, the unit must be replaced with new one.

The configuration of the eSmallCell is shown below:

Top Cover

Middle Cover

Bottom Cover

Figure 7. eSmallCell Configurati on

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2.2 eSmallCell (L7IA)

The eSmallCell consists of LTE 7 baseband and transceiver Integrated board Assembly (L7IA) which is the digital & RF board.

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure

Transceiver Filter/LNA

Power

(Modem Interface)

FPGA

RFIC

Amp

PAM

Antenna

LNA

Filter

LNA

PSE

GE/FE Backhaul

Adapter

GPS

DC 12 V

Clock

GPSR

IEEE1588v 2

GbE

PHY

Power

(DC/DC)

Digital

SoC

Modem

Processor

Figure 8. Internal Configuration of eSmallCell

The L7IA performs the functions of main controller, network interface, clock generation & distribution, modem, transceiver, and power amplifier function. The transceiver performs the Digital Up Conversion (DUC)/Digital Down Conversion (DDC), Crest Factor Reduction (CFR), linearization and Digital to Analog convert (DAC)/Analog to Digital convert (ADC) functions. Moreover, the L7IA performs the spurious wave suppression function and has the built-in Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). The L7IA operates with 1 Carrier/Omni 2Tx/2Rx and the maximum output of the L7IA is 250 mW/path for the output port.

Item Description

Digital Processing Function

SoC function

- Performs the main processor functions of the system

- Performs the call processing, resource allocation, operation, and maintenance functions

- Processes GTP, PDCP, OAM, RRC and RRM

- Processes RLC and MAC/PHY

- Processes OFDMA/SC-FDMA channel

- Processes subscriber data traffic

- Collects alarms and reports them to Small Cell EMS

- Controls IEEE1588v2

Other digital processing functions

- Receives GPS signals and generates and supplies clocks

- Synchronizes using IEEE 1588v2 packet

- Supports backhaul (GE/FE)

Transceiver Function - Supports 5/10 MHz 1 Carrier/Omni 2Tx/2Rx

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Item Description

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure

- Convert RF uplink/downlink

Power Amplifier Function

Filter and LNA Function

- Supports 5/10 MHz 1 Carrier/Omni 2Tx/2Rx

- Max. output 250 + 250 mW (for the external antenna port of the enclosure)

- Filters transmitted/received RF signals

- Performs LNA function for Rx signals

Main Controller Function

The main processor of the eSmallCell takes the highest role, and performs the communication path setup between UEand Small Cell Gateway/EPC, system operation and maintenance, etc. It also manages the st atu s for all ha rdwa re/s o ftware in the eSmallCell, allocates and manages resources, collects alarms, and reports all status information to the eSmallCell EMS.

Clock Generation and Distribution Function

The L7IA is equipped with Beyond Enhanced GPS Engine Module (BEGEM) and IEEE1588v2 block. The BEGEM enables each block of the eSmallCell to operate under a synchronized clock system. The BEGEM creates the PP2S (Even Clock) and digital 10 MHz using the synchronization signal received via the GPS antenna while the IEEE1588v2 block creates the 1 PPS and digital 10 MHz synchronized with the IEEE1588v2 Master and each delivers the created data to the Clock Generation & Distribution block of the L7IA. The Clock Generation & Distribution block generates the system clock (30.72 MHz), PP2S (Even clock), 1 PPS, and System Frame Number (SFN) for synchronization using the signals received, and distributes them to the hardware blocks in the system. The clock distributed in the system is used to keep the internal synchronization in the eSmallCell and operate the system. The Clock Generation & Distribution block also generates the 1PPS which is the reference clock used for the measuring equipment or repeater. And, the BEGEM also transmits time information and location information through the TOD path.

Network Interface Function

The L7IA interfaces with the Small Cell Gateway/EPC via Gigabit Ethernet or Fast Ethernet.

Subscriber Channel Processing Function

The L7IA is equipped with the modem supporting the LTE standard physical layer to process the OFDMA/SC-FDMA channel, and the DSP processes the RLC/MAC. The modem modulates the packet data received from upper level and transmits it to the transceiver. Reversely, the modem demodulates the packet data received from the transceiver, converts them to the format which is defined in the LTE standard physical layer specifications, and transmits them to the upper processor.

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2Tx/2Rx MIMO Support

The RF part of the L7IA consists of transceiver and AMP, and supports the RF path of the 2Tx/2Rx. The maximum output is 250 mW/path for the external antenna port of the enclosure.

DAC/ADC and Power Amplification

For the downlink, the baseband signals are converted to analog signals through the Digital to Analog Converter (DAC). The frequency of those analog signals is up converted through the modulator and then those signals are amplified into high-power RF signals through the power amplifier. For the uplink, the frequency of the signals where low noise is amplified at LNA of L7IA is down converted through the demodulator. These down-converted frequency signals are converted to baseband signals through the Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). The converted baseband signals are transmitted to the modem.

CHAPTER 2. System Hardware Structure

Reset Function

The L7IA can reset the hardware remotely. The reset command is transmitted to the system’s CPLD upon the Small Cell EMS’s command, and the CPLD monitors it and resets the board power.

Factory Reset Function

When the user presses the RESET button for 10 or more seconds, the system recognizes it and then becomes initialized as a factory default mode. At the time, only the value that the user can set is changed to the factory default value and the set value is maintained in the Small Cell EMS during the operation. However, if the factory reset button is pressed before the eSmallCell is normally operated (during the booting of the initialization), it will not respond.

Filter and LNAFunction

The L7IA includes a filter and LNA, and suppresses the out-of-band spurious wave radiation. In the downlink path of the L7IA, the high-power amplified RF signal is transmitted to the antenna through the filter after satisfying the spectrum mask defined for each region. In the uplink path of the L7IA, the RF signal received via the filter is transmitted to the digital processing part of the L7IA through low-noise amplification in the LNA.

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