R&S ZNL Series, ZNLE6, ZNLE Series, ZNL3, ZNL6 User Manual

R&S® ZNL/ZNLE
Vector Network Analyzers

User Manual

(;ÜÉÐ2)

1178596602

User Manual

Version 06

This manual applies to the following vector network analyzer models:

●

R&S®ZNL3, 5 kHz to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.03

●

R&S®ZNL6, 5 kHz to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.06

●

R&S®ZNLE3, 1 MHz to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.53

●

R&S®ZNLE6, 1 MHz to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012.56

© 2018 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.

1178.5966.02 | Version 06 | R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, e.g. R&S®ZNL is indicated as
R&S ZNL.

Basic Safety Instructions

Symbol

Meaning

Symbol

Meaning

Notice, general danger location
Observe product documentation

ON/OFF Power

Caution when handling heavy equipment

Standby indication

Danger of electric shock

Direct current (DC)

Always read through and comply with the following safety instructions!

All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety
standards of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our
products and the auxiliary equipment they require are designed, built and tested in accordance with the
safety standards that apply in each case. Compliance with these standards is continuously monitored by
our quality assurance system. The product described here has been designed, built and tested in

accordance with the EC Certificate of Conformity and has left the manufacturer’s plant in a condition fully

complying with safety standards. To maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, you must
observe all instructions and warnings provided in this manual. If you have any questions regarding these
safety instructions, the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies will be happy to answer them.

Furthermore, it is your responsibility to use the product in an appropriate manner. This product is designed
for use solely in industrial and laboratory environments or, if expressly permitted, also in the field and must
not be used in any way that may cause personal injury or property damage. You are responsible if the
product is used for any purpose other than its designated purpose or in disregard of the manufacturer's
instructions. The manufacturer shall assume no responsibility for such use of the product.

The product is used for its designated purpose if it is used in accordance with its product documentation
and within its performance limits (see data sheet, documentation, the following safety instructions). Using
the product requires technical skills and, in some cases, a basic knowledge of English. It is therefore
essential that only skilled and specialized staff or thoroughly trained personnel with the required skills be
allowed to use the product. If personal safety gear is required for using Rohde & Schwarz products, this
will be indicated at the appropriate place in the product documentation. Keep the basic safety instructions
and the product documentation in a safe place and pass them on to the subsequent users.

Observing the safety instructions will help prevent personal injury or damage of any kind caused by
dangerous situations. Therefore, carefully read through and adhere to the following safety instructions
before and when using the product. It is also absolutely essential to observe the additional safety
instructions on personal safety, for example, that appear in relevant parts of the product documentation. In
these safety instructions, the word "product" refers to all merchandise sold and distributed by the Rohde &
Schwarz group of companies, including instruments, systems and all accessories. For product-specific
information, see the data sheet and the product documentation.

Safety labels on products

The following safety labels are used on products to warn against risks and dangers.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 1

Basic Safety Instructions

Symbol

Meaning

Symbol

Meaning

Caution ! Hot surface

Alternating current (AC)

Protective conductor terminal
To identify any terminal which is intended for
connection to an external conductor for
protection against electric shock in case of a
fault, or the terminal of a protective earth

Direct/alternating current (DC/AC)

Earth (Ground)

Class II Equipment
to identify equipment meeting the safety
requirements specified for Class II equipment
(device protected by double or reinforced
insulation)

Frame or chassis Ground terminal

EU labeling for batteries and accumulators
For additional information, see section "Waste

disposal/Environmental protection", item 1.

Be careful when handling electrostatic sensitive
devices

EU labeling for separate collection of electrical
and electronic devices

For additional information, see section "Waste
disposal/Environmental protection", item 2.

Warning! Laser radiation
For additional information, see section

"Operation", item 7.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.

Indicates information considered important, but not hazard-related, e.g.
messages relating to property damage.
In the product documentation, the word ATTENTION is used synonymously.

Signal words and their meaning

The following signal words are used in the product documentation in order to warn the reader about risks
and dangers.

These signal words are in accordance with the standard definition for civil applications in the European
Economic Area. Definitions that deviate from the standard definition may also exist in other economic
areas or military applications. It is therefore essential to make sure that the signal words described here
are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product. The
use of signal words in connection with unrelated products or documentation can result in misinterpretation
and in personal injury or material damage.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 2

Basic Safety Instructions

Operating states and operating positions

The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the
manufacturer, without the product's ventilation being obstructed. If the manufacturer's specifications are
not observed, this can result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or death. Applicable local
or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work
performed.

1. Unless otherwise specified, the following requirements apply to Rohde & Schwarz products:
predefined operating position is always with the housing floor facing down, IP protection 2X, use only
indoors, max. operating altitude 2000 m above sea level, max. transport altitude 4500 m above sea
level. A tolerance of ±10 % shall apply to the nominal voltage and ±5 % to the nominal frequency,
overvoltage category 2, pollution degree 2.

2. Do not place the product on surfaces, vehicles, cabinets or tables that for reasons of weight or stability
are unsuitable for this purpose. Always follow the manufacturer's installation instructions when
installing the product and fastening it to objects or structures (e.g. walls and shelves). An installation
that is not carried out as described in the product documentation could result in personal injury or
even death.

3. Do not place the product on heat-generating devices such as radiators or fan heaters. The ambient
temperature must not exceed the maximum temperature specified in the product documentation or in
the data sheet. Product overheating can cause electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or
even death.

Electrical safety

If the information on electrical safety is not observed either at all or to the extent necessary, electric shock,
fire and/or serious personal injury or death may occur.

1. Prior to switching on the product, always ensure that the nominal voltage setting on the product
matches the nominal voltage of the mains-supply network. If a different voltage is to be set, the power
fuse of the product may have to be changed accordingly.

2. In the case of products of safety class I with movable power cord and connector, operation is
permitted only on sockets with a protective conductor contact and protective conductor.

3. Intentionally breaking the protective conductor either in the feed line or in the product itself is not
permitted. Doing so can result in the danger of an electric shock from the product. If extension cords
or connector strips are implemented, they must be checked on a regular basis to ensure that they are
safe to use.

4. If there is no power switch for disconnecting the product from the mains, or if the power switch is not
suitable for this purpose, use the plug of the connecting cable to disconnect the product from the
mains. In such cases, always ensure that the power plug is easily reachable and accessible at all
times. For example, if the power plug is the disconnecting device, the length of the connecting cable
must not exceed 3 m. Functional or electronic switches are not suitable for providing disconnection
from the AC supply network. If products without power switches are integrated into racks or systems,
the disconnecting device must be provided at the system level.

5. Never use the product if the power cable is damaged. Check the power cables on a regular basis to
ensure that they are in proper operating condition. By taking appropriate safety measures and
carefully laying the power cable, ensure that the cable cannot be damaged and that no one can be
hurt by, for example, tripping over the cable or suffering an electric shock.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 3

Basic Safety Instructions

6. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fuse-protected with max. 16 A (higher
fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies).

7. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the
socket provided for this purpose. Otherwise, sparks that result in fire and/or injuries may occur.

8. Do not overload any sockets, extension cords or connector strips; doing so can cause fire or electric
shocks.

9. For measurements in circuits with voltages V

> 30 V, suitable measures (e.g. appropriate

rms

measuring equipment, fuse protection, current limiting, electrical separation, insulation) should be
taken to avoid any hazards.

10. Ensure that the connections with information technology equipment, e.g. PCs or other industrial
computers, comply with the IEC 60950-1 / EN 60950-1 or IEC 61010-1 / EN 61010-1 standards that
apply in each case.

11. Unless expressly permitted, never remove the cover or any part of the housing while the product is in
operation. Doing so will expose circuits and components and can lead to injuries, fire or damage to the
product.

12. If a product is to be permanently installed, the connection between the protective conductor terminal
on site and the product's protective conductor must be made first before any other connection is
made. The product may be installed and connected only by a licensed electrician.

13. For permanently installed equipment without built-in fuses, circuit breakers or similar protective
devices, the supply circuit must be fuse-protected in such a way that anyone who has access to the
product, as well as the product itself, is adequately protected from injury or damage.

14. Use suitable overvoltage protection to ensure that no overvoltage (such as that caused by a bolt of
lightning) can reach the product. Otherwise, the person operating the product will be exposed to the
danger of an electric shock.

15. Any object that is not designed to be placed in the openings of the housing must not be used for this
purpose. Doing so can cause short circuits inside the product and/or electric shocks, fire or injuries.

16. Unless specified otherwise, products are not liquid-proof (see also section "Operating states and
operating positions", item 1). Therefore, the equipment must be protected against penetration by
liquids. If the necessary precautions are not taken, the user may suffer electric shock or the product
itself may be damaged, which can also lead to personal injury.

17. Never use the product under conditions in which condensation has formed or can form in or on the
product, e.g. if the product has been moved from a cold to a warm environment. Penetration by water
increases the risk of electric shock.

18. Prior to cleaning the product, disconnect it completely from the power supply (e.g. AC supply network
or battery). Use a soft, non-linting cloth to clean the product. Never use chemical cleaning agents such
as alcohol, acetone or diluents for cellulose lacquers.

Operation

1. Operating the products requires special training and intense concentration. Make sure that persons
who use the products are physically, mentally and emotionally fit enough to do so; otherwise, injuries
or material damage may occur. It is the responsibility of the employer/operator to select suitable
personnel for operating the products.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 4

Basic Safety Instructions

2. Before you move or transport the product, read and observe the section titled "Transport".

3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction
(allergens) such as nickel cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a
skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties) when using a Rohde & Schwarz
product, consult a physician immediately to determine the cause and to prevent health problems or
stress.

4. Before you start processing the product mechanically and/or thermally, or before you take it apart, be
sure to read and pay special attention to the section titled "Waste disposal/Environmental protection",
item 1.

5. Depending on the function, certain products such as RF radio equipment can produce an elevated
level of electromagnetic radiation. Considering that unborn babies require increased protection,
pregnant women must be protected by appropriate measures. Persons with pacemakers may also be
exposed to risks from electromagnetic radiation. The employer/operator must evaluate workplaces
where there is a special risk of exposure to radiation and, if necessary, take measures to avert the
potential danger.

6. Should a fire occur, the product may release hazardous substances (gases, fluids, etc.) that can
cause health problems. Therefore, suitable measures must be taken, e.g. protective masks and
protective clothing must be worn.

7. Laser products are given warning labels that are standardized according to their laser class. Lasers
can cause biological harm due to the properties of their radiation and due to their extremely
concentrated electromagnetic power. If a laser product (e.g. a CD/DVD drive) is integrated into a
Rohde & Schwarz product, absolutely no other settings or functions may be used as described in the
product documentation. The objective is to prevent personal injury (e.g. due to laser beams).

8. EMC classes (in line with EN 55011/CISPR 11, and analogously with EN 55022/CISPR 22,
EN 55032/CISPR 32)
 Class A equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in all environments except residential environments and environments
that are directly connected to a low-voltage supply network that supplies residential buildings
Note: Class A equipment is intended for use in an industrial environment. This equipment may
cause radio disturbances in residential environments, due to possible conducted as well as
radiated disturbances. In this case, the operator may be required to take appropriate measures to
eliminate these disturbances.

 Class B equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in residential environments and environments that are directly
connected to a low-voltage supply network that supplies residential buildings

Repair and service

1. The product may be opened only by authorized, specially trained personnel. Before any work is
performed on the product or before the product is opened, it must be disconnected from the AC supply
network. Otherwise, personnel will be exposed to the risk of an electric shock.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 5

Basic Safety Instructions

2. Adjustments, replacement of parts, maintenance and repair may be performed only by electrical
experts authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant
to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed
after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, protective conductor test,
insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test). This helps ensure
the continued safety of the product.

Batteries and rechargeable batteries/cells

If the information regarding batteries and rechargeable batteries/cells is not observed either at all or to the
extent necessary, product users may be exposed to the risk of explosions, fire and/or serious personal
injury, and, in some cases, death. Batteries and rechargeable batteries with alkaline electrolytes (e.g.
lithium cells) must be handled in accordance with the EN 62133 standard.

1. Cells must not be taken apart or crushed.

2. Cells or batteries must not be exposed to heat or fire. Storage in direct sunlight must be avoided.
Keep cells and batteries clean and dry. Clean soiled connectors using a dry, clean cloth.

3. Cells or batteries must not be short-circuited. Cells or batteries must not be stored in a box or in a
drawer where they can short-circuit each other, or where they can be short-circuited by other
conductive materials. Cells and batteries must not be removed from their original packaging until they
are ready to be used.

4. Cells and batteries must not be exposed to any mechanical shocks that are stronger than permitted.

5. If a cell develops a leak, the fluid must not be allowed to come into contact with the skin or eyes. If
contact occurs, wash the affected area with plenty of water and seek medical aid.

6. Improperly replacing or charging cells or batteries that contain alkaline electrolytes (e.g. lithium cells)
can cause explosions. Replace cells or batteries only with the matching Rohde & Schwarz type (see
parts list) in order to ensure the safety of the product.

7. Cells and batteries must be recycled and kept separate from residual waste. Rechargeable batteries
and normal batteries that contain lead, mercury or cadmium are hazardous waste. Observe the
national regulations regarding waste disposal and recycling.

8. Follow the transport stipulations of the carrier (IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code, ADR, RID) when returning
lithium batteries to Rohde & Schwarz subsidiaries.

Transport

1. The product may be very heavy. Therefore, the product must be handled with care. In some cases,
the user may require a suitable means of lifting or moving the product (e.g. with a lift-truck) to avoid
back or other physical injuries.

2. Handles on the products are designed exclusively to enable personnel to transport the product. It is
therefore not permissible to use handles to fasten the product to or on transport equipment such as
cranes, fork lifts, wagons, etc. The user is responsible for securely fastening the products to or on the
means of transport or lifting. Observe the safety regulations of the manufacturer of the means of
transport or lifting. Noncompliance can result in personal injury or material damage.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 6

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

3. If you use the product in a vehicle, it is the sole responsibility of the driver to drive the vehicle safely
and properly. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for accidents or collisions. Never use the
product in a moving vehicle if doing so could distract the driver of the vehicle. Adequately secure the
product in the vehicle to prevent injuries or other damage in the event of an accident.

Waste disposal/Environmental protection

1. Specially marked equipment has a battery or accumulator that must not be disposed of with unsorted
municipal waste, but must be collected separately. It may only be disposed of at a suitable collection
point or via a Rohde & Schwarz customer service center.

2. Waste electrical and electronic equipment must not be disposed of with unsorted municipal waste, but
must be collected separately.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG has developed a disposal concept and takes full responsibility for
take-back obligations and disposal obligations for manufacturers within the EU. Contact your
Rohde & Schwarz customer service center for environmentally responsible disposal of the product.

3. If products or their components are mechanically and/or thermally processed in a manner that goes
beyond their intended use, hazardous substances (heavy-metal dust such as lead, beryllium, nickel)
may be released. For this reason, the product may only be disassembled by specially trained
personnel. Improper disassembly may be hazardous to your health. National waste disposal
regulations must be observed.

4. If handling the product releases hazardous substances or fuels that must be disposed of in a special
way, e.g. coolants or engine oils that must be replenished regularly, the safety instructions of the
manufacturer of the hazardous substances or fuels and the applicable regional waste disposal
regulations must be observed. Also observe the relevant safety instructions in the product
documentation. The improper disposal of hazardous substances or fuels can cause health problems
and lead to environmental damage.

For additional information about environmental protection, visit the Rohde & Schwarz website.

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

¡Es imprescindible leer y cumplir las siguientes instrucciones e informaciones de seguridad!

El principio del grupo de empresas Rohde & Schwarz consiste en tener nuestros productos siempre al día
con los estándares de seguridad y de ofrecer a nuestros clientes el máximo grado de seguridad. Nuestros
productos y todos los equipos adicionales son siempre fabricados y examinados según las normas de
seguridad vigentes. Nuestro sistema de garantía de calidad controla constantemente que sean cumplidas
estas normas. El presente producto ha sido fabricado y examinado según el certificado de conformidad
de la UE y ha salido de nuestra planta en estado impecable según los estándares técnicos de seguridad.
Para poder preservar este estado y garantizar un funcionamiento libre de peligros, el usuario deberá
atenerse a todas las indicaciones, informaciones de seguridad y notas de alerta. El grupo de empresas
Rohde & Schwarz está siempre a su disposición en caso de que tengan preguntas referentes a estas
informaciones de seguridad.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 7

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

Símbolo

Significado

Símbolo

Significado

Aviso: punto de peligro general
Observar la documentación del producto

Tensión de alimentación de PUESTA EN
MARCHA / PARADA

Atención en el manejo de dispositivos de peso
elevado

Indicación de estado de espera (standby)

Peligro de choque eléctrico

Corriente continua (DC)

Advertencia: superficie caliente

Corriente alterna (AC)

Conexión a conductor de protección

Corriente continua / Corriente alterna (DC/AC)

Además queda en la responsabilidad del usuario utilizar el producto en la forma debida. Este producto
está destinado exclusivamente al uso en la industria y el laboratorio o, si ha sido expresamente
autorizado, para aplicaciones de campo y de ninguna manera deberá ser utilizado de modo que alguna
persona/cosa pueda sufrir daño. El uso del producto fuera de sus fines definidos o sin tener en cuenta las
instrucciones del fabricante queda en la responsabilidad del usuario. El fabricante no se hace en ninguna
forma responsable de consecuencias a causa del mal uso del producto.

Se parte del uso correcto del producto para los fines definidos si el producto es utilizado conforme a las
indicaciones de la correspondiente documentación del producto y dentro del margen de rendimiento
definido (ver hoja de datos, documentación, informaciones de seguridad que siguen). El uso del producto
hace necesarios conocimientos técnicos y ciertos conocimientos del idioma inglés. Por eso se debe tener
en cuenta que el producto solo pueda ser operado por personal especializado o personas instruidas en
profundidad con las capacidades correspondientes. Si fuera necesaria indumentaria de seguridad para el
uso de productos de Rohde & Schwarz, encontraría la información debida en la documentación del
producto en el capítulo correspondiente. Guarde bien las informaciones de seguridad elementales, así
como la documentación del producto, y entréguelas a usuarios posteriores.

Tener en cuenta las informaciones de seguridad sirve para evitar en lo posible lesiones o daños por
peligros de toda clase. Por eso es imprescindible leer detalladamente y comprender por completo las
siguientes informaciones de seguridad antes de usar el producto, y respetarlas durante el uso del
producto. Deberán tenerse en cuenta todas las demás informaciones de seguridad, como p. ej. las
referentes a la protección de personas, que encontrarán en el capítulo correspondiente de la
documentación del producto y que también son de obligado cumplimiento. En las presentes
informaciones de seguridad se recogen todos los objetos que distribuye el grupo de empresas
Rohde & Schwarz bajo la denominación de "producto", entre ellos también aparatos, instalaciones así
como toda clase de accesorios. Los datos específicos del producto figuran en la hoja de datos y en la
documentación del producto.

Señalización de seguridad de los productos

Las siguientes señales de seguridad se utilizan en los productos para advertir sobre riesgos y peligros.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 8

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

Símbolo

Significado

Símbolo

Significado

Conexión a tierra

El aparato está protegido en su totalidad por un
aislamiento doble (reforzado)

Conexión a masa

Distintivo de la UE para baterías y
acumuladores

Más información en la sección
"Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente",
punto 1.

Aviso: Cuidado en el manejo de dispositivos
sensibles a la electrostática (ESD)

Distintivo de la UE para la eliminación por
separado de dispositivos eléctricos y
electrónicos

Más información en la sección
"Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente",
punto 2.

Advertencia: rayo láser
Más información en la sección

"Funcionamiento", punto 7.

Indica una situación de peligro que, si no se evita, causa lesiones
graves o incluso la muerte.

Indica una situación de peligro que, si no se evita, puede causar
lesiones graves o incluso la muerte.

Indica una situación de peligro que, si no se evita, puede causar
lesiones leves o moderadas.

Indica información que se considera importante, pero no en relación
con situaciones de peligro; p. ej., avisos sobre posibles daños
materiales.
En la documentación del producto se emplea de forma sinónima el
término CUIDADO.

Palabras de señal y su significado

En la documentación del producto se utilizan las siguientes palabras de señal con el fin de advertir contra
riesgos y peligros.

Las palabras de señal corresponden a la definición habitual para aplicaciones civiles en el área
económica europea. Pueden existir definiciones diferentes a esta definición en otras áreas económicas o
en aplicaciones militares. Por eso se deberá tener en cuenta que las palabras de señal aquí descritas
sean utilizadas siempre solamente en combinación con la correspondiente documentación del producto y
solamente en combinación con el producto correspondiente. La utilización de las palabras de señal en
combinación con productos o documentaciones que no les correspondan puede llevar a interpretaciones
equivocadas y tener por consecuencia daños en personas u objetos.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 9

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

Estados operativos y posiciones de funcionamiento

El producto solamente debe ser utilizado según lo indicado por el fabricante respecto a los estados
operativos y posiciones de funcionamiento sin que se obstruya la ventilación. Si no se siguen las
indicaciones del fabricante, pueden producirse choques eléctricos, incendios y/o lesiones graves con
posible consecuencia de muerte. En todos los trabajos deberán ser tenidas en cuenta las normas
nacionales y locales de seguridad del trabajo y de prevención de accidentes.

1. Si no se convino de otra manera, es para los productos Rohde & Schwarz válido lo que sigue:
como posición de funcionamiento se define por principio la posición con el suelo de la caja para
abajo, modo de protección IP 2X, uso solamente en estancias interiores, utilización hasta 2000 m
sobre el nivel del mar, transporte hasta 4500 m sobre el nivel del mar. Se aplicará una tolerancia de
±10 % sobre el voltaje nominal y de ±5 % sobre la frecuencia nominal. Categoría de sobrecarga
eléctrica 2, índice de suciedad 2.

2. No sitúe el producto encima de superficies, vehículos, estantes o mesas, que por sus características
de peso o de estabilidad no sean aptos para él. Siga siempre las instrucciones de instalación del
fabricante cuando instale y asegure el producto en objetos o estructuras (p. ej. paredes y estantes). Si
se realiza la instalación de modo distinto al indicado en la documentación del producto, se pueden
causar lesiones o, en determinadas circunstancias, incluso la muerte.

3. No ponga el producto sobre aparatos que generen calor (p. ej. radiadores o calefactores). La
temperatura ambiente no debe superar la temperatura máxima especificada en la documentación del
producto o en la hoja de datos. En caso de sobrecalentamiento del producto, pueden producirse
choques eléctricos, incendios y/o lesiones graves con posible consecuencia de muerte.

Seguridad eléctrica

Si no se siguen (o se siguen de modo insuficiente) las indicaciones del fabricante en cuanto a seguridad
eléctrica, pueden producirse choques eléctricos, incendios y/o lesiones graves con posible consecuencia
de muerte.

1. Antes de la puesta en marcha del producto se deberá comprobar siempre que la tensión
preseleccionada en el producto coincida con la de la red de alimentación eléctrica. Si es necesario
modificar el ajuste de tensión, también se deberán cambiar en caso dado los fusibles
correspondientes del producto.

2. Los productos de la clase de protección I con alimentación móvil y enchufe individual solamente
podrán enchufarse a tomas de corriente con contacto de seguridad y con conductor de protección
conectado.

3. Queda prohibida la interrupción intencionada del conductor de protección, tanto en la toma de
corriente como en el mismo producto. La interrupción puede tener como consecuencia el riesgo de
que el producto sea fuente de choques eléctricos. Si se utilizan cables alargadores o regletas de
enchufe, deberá garantizarse la realización de un examen regular de los mismos en cuanto a su
estado técnico de seguridad.

4. Si el producto no está equipado con un interruptor para desconectarlo de la red, o bien si el
interruptor existente no resulta apropiado para la desconexión de la red, el enchufe del cable de
conexión se deberá considerar como un dispositivo de desconexión.
El dispositivo de desconexión se debe poder alcanzar fácilmente y debe estar siempre bien accesible.
Si, p. ej., el enchufe de conexión a la red es el dispositivo de desconexión, la longitud del cable de
conexión no debe superar 3 m).
Los interruptores selectores o electrónicos no son aptos para el corte de la red eléctrica. Si se

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 10

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

integran productos sin interruptor en bastidores o instalaciones, se deberá colocar el interruptor en el
nivel de la instalación.

5. No utilice nunca el producto si está dañado el cable de conexión a red. Compruebe regularmente el
correcto estado de los cables de conexión a red. Asegúrese, mediante las medidas de protección y
de instalación adecuadas, de que el cable de conexión a red no pueda ser dañado o de que nadie
pueda ser dañado por él, p. ej. al tropezar o por un choque eléctrico.

6. Solamente está permitido el funcionamiento en redes de alimentación TN/TT aseguradas con fusibles
de 16 A como máximo (utilización de fusibles de mayor amperaje solo previa consulta con el grupo de
empresas Rohde & Schwarz).

7. Nunca conecte el enchufe en tomas de corriente sucias o llenas de polvo. Introduzca el enchufe por
completo y fuertemente en la toma de corriente. La no observación de estas medidas puede provocar
chispas, fuego y/o lesiones.

8. No sobrecargue las tomas de corriente, los cables alargadores o las regletas de enchufe ya que esto
podría causar fuego o choques eléctricos.

9. En las mediciones en circuitos de corriente con una tensión U

> 30 V se deberán tomar las medidas

eff

apropiadas para impedir cualquier peligro (p. ej. medios de medición adecuados, seguros, limitación
de tensión, corte protector, aislamiento etc.).

10. Para la conexión con dispositivos informáticos como un PC o un ordenador industrial, debe
comprobarse que éstos cumplan los estándares IEC60950-1/EN60950-1 o IEC61010-1/EN 61010-1
válidos en cada caso.

11. A menos que esté permitido expresamente, no retire nunca la tapa ni componentes de la carcasa
mientras el producto esté en servicio. Esto pone a descubierto los cables y componentes eléctricos y
puede causar lesiones, fuego o daños en el producto.

12. Si un producto se instala en un lugar fijo, se deberá primero conectar el conductor de protección fijo
con el conductor de protección del producto antes de hacer cualquier otra conexión. La instalación y
la conexión deberán ser efectuadas por un electricista especializado.

13. En el caso de dispositivos fijos que no estén provistos de fusibles, interruptor automático ni otros
mecanismos de seguridad similares, el circuito de alimentación debe estar protegido de modo que
todas las personas que puedan acceder al producto, así como el producto mismo, estén a salvo de
posibles daños.

14. Todo producto debe estar protegido contra sobretensión (debida p. ej. a una caída del rayo) mediante
los correspondientes sistemas de protección. Si no, el personal que lo utilice quedará expuesto al
peligro de choque eléctrico.

15. No debe introducirse en los orificios de la caja del aparato ningún objeto que no esté destinado a ello.
Esto puede producir cortocircuitos en el producto y/o puede causar choques eléctricos, fuego o
lesiones.

16. Salvo indicación contraria, los productos no están impermeabilizados (ver también el capítulo
"Estados operativos y posiciones de funcionamiento", punto 1). Por eso es necesario tomar las
medidas necesarias para evitar la entrada de líquidos. En caso contrario, existe peligro de choque
eléctrico para el usuario o de daños en el producto, que también pueden redundar en peligro para las
personas.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 11

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

17. No utilice el producto en condiciones en las que pueda producirse o ya se hayan producido
condensaciones sobre el producto o en el interior de éste, como p. ej. al desplazarlo de un lugar frío a
otro caliente. La entrada de agua aumenta el riesgo de choque eléctrico.

18. Antes de la limpieza, desconecte por completo el producto de la alimentación de tensión (p. ej. red de
alimentación o batería). Realice la limpieza de los aparatos con un paño suave, que no se deshilache.
No utilice bajo ningún concepto productos de limpieza químicos como alcohol, acetona o diluyentes
para lacas nitrocelulósicas.

Funcionamiento

1. El uso del producto requiere instrucciones especiales y una alta concentración durante el manejo.
Debe asegurarse que las personas que manejen el producto estén a la altura de los requerimientos
necesarios en cuanto a aptitudes físicas, psíquicas y emocionales, ya que de otra manera no se
pueden excluir lesiones o daños de objetos. El empresario u operador es responsable de seleccionar
el personal usuario apto para el manejo del producto.

2. Antes de desplazar o transportar el producto, lea y tenga en cuenta el capítulo "Transporte".

3. Como con todo producto de fabricación industrial no puede quedar excluida en general la posibilidad
de que se produzcan alergias provocadas por algunos materiales empleados ―los llamados
alérgenos (p. ej. el níquel)―. Si durante el manejo de productos Rohde & Schwarz se producen
reacciones alérgicas, como p. ej. irritaciones cutáneas, estornudos continuos, enrojecimiento de la
conjuntiva o dificultades respiratorias, debe avisarse inmediatamente a un médico para investigar las
causas y evitar cualquier molestia o daño a la salud.

4. Antes de la manipulación mecánica y/o térmica o el desmontaje del producto, debe tenerse en cuenta
imprescindiblemente el capítulo "Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente", punto 1.

5. Ciertos productos, como p. ej. las instalaciones de radiocomunicación RF, pueden a causa de su
función natural, emitir una radiación electromagnética aumentada. Deben tomarse todas las medidas
necesarias para la protección de las mujeres embarazadas. También las personas con marcapasos
pueden correr peligro a causa de la radiación electromagnética. El empresario/operador tiene la
obligación de evaluar y señalizar las áreas de trabajo en las que exista un riesgo elevado de
exposición a radiaciones.

6. Tenga en cuenta que en caso de incendio pueden desprenderse del producto sustancias tóxicas
(gases, líquidos etc.) que pueden generar daños a la salud. Por eso, en caso de incendio deben
usarse medidas adecuadas, como p. ej. máscaras antigás e indumentaria de protección.

7. Los productos con láser están provistos de indicaciones de advertencia normalizadas en función de la
clase de láser del que se trate. Los rayos láser pueden provocar daños de tipo biológico a causa de
las propiedades de su radiación y debido a su concentración extrema de potencia electromagnética.
En caso de que un producto Rohde & Schwarz contenga un producto láser (p. ej. un lector de
CD/DVD), no debe usarse ninguna otra configuración o función aparte de las descritas en la
documentación del producto, a fin de evitar lesiones (p. ej. debidas a irradiación láser).

8. Clases de compatibilidad electromagnética (conforme a EN 55011 / CISPR 11; y en analogía con EN
55022 / CISPR 22, EN 55032 / CISPR 32)
 Aparato de clase A:

Aparato adecuado para su uso en todos los entornos excepto en los residenciales y en aquellos
conectados directamente a una red de distribución de baja tensión que suministra corriente a
edificios residenciales.
Nota: Los aparatos de clase A están destinados al uso en entornos industriales. Estos aparatos

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 12

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

pueden causar perturbaciones radioeléctricas en entornos residenciales debido a posibles
perturbaciones guiadas o radiadas. En este caso, se le podrá solicitar al operador que tome las
medidas adecuadas para eliminar estas perturbaciones.

 Aparato de clase B:

Aparato adecuado para su uso en entornos residenciales, así como en aquellos conectados
directamente a una red de distribución de baja tensión que suministra corriente a edificios
residenciales.

Reparación y mantenimiento

1. El producto solamente debe ser abierto por personal especializado con autorización para ello. Antes
de manipular el producto o abrirlo, es obligatorio desconectarlo de la tensión de alimentación, para
evitar toda posibilidad de choque eléctrico.

2. El ajuste, el cambio de partes, el mantenimiento y la reparación deberán ser efectuadas solamente
por electricistas autorizados por Rohde & Schwarz. Si se reponen partes con importancia para los
aspectos de seguridad (p. ej. el enchufe, los transformadores o los fusibles), solamente podrán ser
sustituidos por partes originales. Después de cada cambio de partes relevantes para la seguridad
deberá realizarse un control de seguridad (control a primera vista, control del conductor de
protección, medición de resistencia de aislamiento, medición de la corriente de fuga, control de
funcionamiento). Con esto queda garantizada la seguridad del producto.

Baterías y acumuladores o celdas

Si no se siguen (o se siguen de modo insuficiente) las indicaciones en cuanto a las baterías y
acumuladores o celdas, pueden producirse explosiones, incendios y/o lesiones graves con posible
consecuencia de muerte. El manejo de baterías y acumuladores con electrolitos alcalinos (p. ej. celdas de
litio) debe seguir el estándar EN 62133.

1. No deben desmontarse, abrirse ni triturarse las celdas.

2. Las celdas o baterías no deben someterse a calor ni fuego. Debe evitarse el almacenamiento a la luz
directa del sol. Las celdas y baterías deben mantenerse limpias y secas. Limpiar las conexiones
sucias con un paño seco y limpio.

3. Las celdas o baterías no deben cortocircuitarse. Es peligroso almacenar las celdas o baterías en
estuches o cajones en cuyo interior puedan cortocircuitarse por contacto recíproco o por contacto con
otros materiales conductores. No deben extraerse las celdas o baterías de sus embalajes originales
hasta el momento en que vayan a utilizarse.

4. Las celdas o baterías no deben someterse a impactos mecánicos fuertes indebidos.

5. En caso de falta de estanqueidad de una celda, el líquido vertido no debe entrar en contacto con la
piel ni los ojos. Si se produce contacto, lavar con agua abundante la zona afectada y avisar a un
médico.

6. En caso de cambio o recarga inadecuados, las celdas o baterías que contienen electrolitos alcalinos
(p. ej. las celdas de litio) pueden explotar. Para garantizar la seguridad del producto, las celdas o
baterías solo deben ser sustituidas por el tipo Rohde & Schwarz correspondiente (ver lista de
recambios).

7. Las baterías y celdas deben reciclarse y no deben tirarse a la basura doméstica. Las baterías o
acumuladores que contienen plomo, mercurio o cadmio deben tratarse como residuos especiales.
Respete en esta relación las normas nacionales de eliminación y reciclaje.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 13

Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

8. En caso de devolver baterías de litio a las filiales de Rohde & Schwarz, debe cumplirse las
normativas sobre los modos de transporte (IATA-DGR, código IMDG, ADR, RID).

Transporte

1. El producto puede tener un peso elevado. Por eso es necesario desplazarlo o transportarlo con
precaución y, si es necesario, usando un sistema de elevación adecuado (p. ej. una carretilla
elevadora), a fin de evitar lesiones en la espalda u otros daños personales.

2. Las asas instaladas en los productos sirven solamente de ayuda para el transporte del producto por
personas. Por eso no está permitido utilizar las asas para la sujeción en o sobre medios de transporte
como p. ej. grúas, carretillas elevadoras de horquilla, carros etc. Es responsabilidad suya fijar los
productos de manera segura a los medios de transporte o elevación. Para evitar daños personales o
daños en el producto, siga las instrucciones de seguridad del fabricante del medio de transporte o
elevación utilizado.

3. Si se utiliza el producto dentro de un vehículo, recae de manera exclusiva en el conductor la
responsabilidad de conducir el vehículo de manera segura y adecuada. El fabricante no asumirá
ninguna responsabilidad por accidentes o colisiones. No utilice nunca el producto dentro de un
vehículo en movimiento si esto pudiera distraer al conductor. Asegure el producto dentro del vehículo
debidamente para evitar, en caso de un accidente, lesiones u otra clase de daños.

Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente

1. Los dispositivos marcados contienen una batería o un acumulador que no se debe desechar con los
residuos domésticos sin clasificar, sino que debe ser recogido por separado. La eliminación se debe
efectuar exclusivamente a través de un punto de recogida apropiado o del servicio de atención al
cliente de Rohde & Schwarz.

2. Los dispositivos eléctricos usados no se deben desechar con los residuos domésticos sin clasificar,
sino que deben ser recogidos por separado.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co.KG ha elaborado un concepto de eliminación de residuos y asume
plenamente los deberes de recogida y eliminación para los fabricantes dentro de la UE. Para
desechar el producto de manera respetuosa con el medio ambiente, diríjase a su servicio de atención
al cliente de Rohde & Schwarz.

3. Si se trabaja de manera mecánica y/o térmica cualquier producto o componente más allá del
funcionamiento previsto, pueden liberarse sustancias peligrosas (polvos con contenido de metales
pesados como p. ej. plomo, berilio o níquel). Por eso el producto solo debe ser desmontado por
personal especializado con formación adecuada. Un desmontaje inadecuado puede ocasionar daños
para la salud. Se deben tener en cuenta las directivas nacionales referentes a la eliminación de
residuos.

4. En caso de que durante el trato del producto se formen sustancias peligrosas o combustibles que
deban tratarse como residuos especiales (p. ej. refrigerantes o aceites de motor con intervalos de
cambio definidos), deben tenerse en cuenta las indicaciones de seguridad del fabricante de dichas
sustancias y las normas regionales de eliminación de residuos. Tenga en cuenta también en caso
necesario las indicaciones de seguridad especiales contenidas en la documentación del producto. La
eliminación incorrecta de sustancias peligrosas o combustibles puede causar daños a la salud o
daños al medio ambiente.

Se puede encontrar más información sobre la protección del medio ambiente en la página web de
Rohde & Schwarz.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 14

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

Lesen und beachten Sie unbedingt die nachfolgenden Anweisungen und Sicherheitshinweise!

Alle Werke und Standorte der Rohde & Schwarz Firmengruppe sind ständig bemüht, den
Sicherheitsstandard unserer Produkte auf dem aktuellsten Stand zu halten und unseren Kunden ein
höchstmögliches Maß an Sicherheit zu bieten. Unsere Produkte und die dafür erforderlichen Zusatzgeräte
werden entsprechend der jeweils gültigen Sicherheitsvorschriften gebaut und geprüft. Die Einhaltung
dieser Bestimmungen wird durch unser Qualitätssicherungssystem laufend überwacht. Das vorliegende
Produkt ist gemäß beiliegender EU-Konformitätsbescheinigung gebaut und geprüft und hat das Werk in
sicherheitstechnisch einwandfreiem Zustand verlassen. Um diesen Zustand zu erhalten und einen
gefahrlosen Betrieb sicherzustellen, muss der Benutzer alle Hinweise, Warnhinweise und Warnvermerke
beachten. Bei allen Fragen bezüglich vorliegender Sicherheitshinweise steht Ihnen die Rohde & Schwarz
Firmengruppe jederzeit gerne zur Verfügung.

Darüber hinaus liegt es in der Verantwortung des Benutzers, das Produkt in geeigneter Weise zu
verwenden. Das Produkt ist ausschließlich für den Betrieb in Industrie und Labor bzw., wenn ausdrücklich
zugelassen, auch für den Feldeinsatz bestimmt und darf in keiner Weise so verwendet werden, dass einer
Person/Sache Schaden zugefügt werden kann. Die Benutzung des Produkts außerhalb des
bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauchs oder unter Missachtung der Anweisungen des Herstellers liegt in der
Verantwortung des Benutzers. Der Hersteller übernimmt keine Verantwortung für die Zweckentfremdung
des Produkts.

Die bestimmungsgemäße Verwendung des Produkts wird angenommen, wenn das Produkt nach den
Vorgaben der zugehörigen Produktdokumentation innerhalb seiner Leistungsgrenzen verwendet wird
(siehe Datenblatt, Dokumentation, nachfolgende Sicherheitshinweise). Die Benutzung des Produkts
erfordert Fachkenntnisse und zum Teil englische Sprachkenntnisse. Es ist daher zu beachten, dass das
Produkt ausschließlich von Fachkräften oder sorgfältig eingewiesenen Personen mit entsprechenden
Fähigkeiten bedient werden darf. Sollte für die Verwendung von Rohde & Schwarz-Produkten persönliche
Schutzausrüstung erforderlich sein, wird in der Produktdokumentation an entsprechender Stelle darauf
hingewiesen. Bewahren Sie die grundlegenden Sicherheitshinweise und die Produktdokumentation gut
auf und geben Sie diese an weitere Benutzer des Produkts weiter.

Die Einhaltung der Sicherheitshinweise dient dazu, Verletzungen oder Schäden durch Gefahren aller Art
auszuschließen. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, dass die nachstehenden Sicherheitshinweise vor der
Benutzung des Produkts sorgfältig gelesen und verstanden sowie bei der Benutzung des Produkts
beachtet werden. Sämtliche weitere Sicherheitshinweise wie z.B. zum Personenschutz, die an
entsprechender Stelle der Produktdokumentation stehen, sind ebenfalls unbedingt zu beachten. In den
vorliegenden Sicherheitshinweisen sind sämtliche von der Rohde & Schwarz Firmengruppe vertriebenen
Waren unter dem Begriff „Produkt“ zusammengefasst, hierzu zählen u. a. Geräte, Anlagen sowie
sämtliches Zubehör.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 1

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

Symbol

Bedeutung

Symbol

Bedeutung

Achtung, allgemeine Gefahrenstelle
Produktdokumentation beachten

EIN-/AUS (Versorgung)

Vorsicht beim Umgang mit Geräten mit hohem
Gewicht

Stand-by-Anzeige

Gefahr vor elektrischem Schlag

Gleichstrom (DC)

Warnung vor heißer Oberfläche

Wechselstrom (AC)

Schutzleiteranschluss

Gleichstrom/Wechselstrom (DC/AC)

Erdungsanschluss

Gerät entspricht den Sicherheits­anforderungen an die Schutzklasse II
(Gerät durchgehend durch doppelte /
verstärkte Isolierung geschützt.

Masseanschluss des Gestells oder Gehäuses

EU - Kennzeichnung für Batterien und
Akkumulatoren.

Das Gerät enthält eine Batterie bzw. einen
Akkumulator. Diese dürfen nicht über
unsortierten Siedlungsabfall entsorgt werden,
sondern sollten getrennt gesammelt werden.

Weitere Informationen siehe Seite 7.

Achtung beim Umgang mit elektrostatisch
gefährdeten Bauelementen

EU - Kennzeichnung für die getrennte
Sammlung von Elektro- und
Elektronikgeräten.

Elektroaltgeräte dürfen nicht über unsortierten
Siedlungsabfall entsorgt werden, sondern
müssen getrennt gesammelt werden.

Weitere Informationen siehe Seite 7.

Warnung vor Laserstrahl
Produkte mit Laser sind je nach ihrer Laser-

Klasse mit genormten Warnhinweisen

versehen.
Laser können aufgrund der Eigenschaften
ihrer Strahlung und aufgrund ihrer extrem
konzentrierten elektromagnetischen Leistung
biologische Schäden verursachen.

Für zusätzliche Informationen siehe Kapitel
„Betrieb“ Punkt 7.

Symbole und Sicherheitskennzeichnungen

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 2

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

kennzeichnet eine unmittelbare Gefährdung mit hohem Risiko, die Tod oder
schwere Körperverletzung zur Folge haben wird, wenn sie nicht vermieden
wird.

kennzeichnet eine mögliche Gefährdung mit mittlerem Risiko, die Tod oder
(schwere) Körperverletzung zur Folge haben kann, wenn sie nicht vermieden
wird.

kennzeichnet eine Gefährdung mit geringem Risiko, die leichte oder mittlere
Körperverletzungen zur Folge haben könnte, wenn sie nicht vermieden wird.

weist auf die Möglichkeit einer Fehlbedienung hin, bei der das Produkt
Schaden nehmen kann.

Signalworte und ihre Bedeutung

Die folgenden Signalworte werden in der Produktdokumentation verwendet, um vor Risiken und Gefahren
zu warnen.

Diese Signalworte entsprechen der im europäischen Wirtschaftsraum üblichen Definition für zivile
Anwendungen. Neben dieser Definition können in anderen Wirtschaftsräumen oder bei militärischen
Anwendungen abweichende Definitionen existieren. Es ist daher darauf zu achten, dass die hier
beschriebenen Signalworte stets nur in Verbindung mit der zugehörigen Produktdokumentation und nur in
Verbindung mit dem zugehörigen Produkt verwendet werden. Die Verwendung von Signalworten in
Zusammenhang mit nicht zugehörigen Produkten oder nicht zugehörigen Dokumentationen kann zu
Fehlinterpretationen führen und damit zu Personen- oder Sachschäden führen.

Betriebszustände und Betriebslagen

Das Produkt darf nur in den vom Hersteller angegebenen Betriebszuständen und Betriebslagen ohne
Behinderung der Belüftung betrieben werden. Werden die Herstellerangaben nicht eingehalten, kann dies
elektrischen Schlag, Brand und/oder schwere Verletzungen von Personen, unter Umständen mit
Todesfolge, verursachen. Bei allen Arbeiten sind die örtlichen bzw. landesspezifischen Sicherheits- und
Unfallverhütungsvorschriften zu beachten.

1. Sofern nicht anders vereinbart, gilt für R&S-Produkte folgendes:
als vorgeschriebene Betriebslage grundsätzlich Gehäuseboden unten, IP-Schutzart 2X,
Verschmutzungsgrad 2, Überspannungskategorie 2, nur in Innenräumen verwenden, Betrieb bis
2000 m ü. NN, Transport bis 4500 m ü. NN, für die Nennspannung gilt eine Toleranz von ±10%, für
die Nennfrequenz eine Toleranz von ±5%.

2. Stellen Sie das Produkt nicht auf Oberflächen, Fahrzeuge, Ablagen oder Tische, die aus Gewichts­oder Stabilitätsgründen nicht dafür geeignet sind. Folgen Sie bei Aufbau und Befestigung des
Produkts an Gegenständen oder Strukturen (z.B. Wände und Regale) immer den Installations­hinweisen des Herstellers. Bei Installation abweichend von der Produktdokumentation können
Personen verletzt, unter Umständen sogar getötet werden.

3. Stellen Sie das Produkt nicht auf hitzeerzeugende Gerätschaften (z.B. Radiatoren und Heizlüfter). Die
Umgebungstemperatur darf nicht die in der Produktdokumentation oder im Datenblatt spezifizierte
Maximaltemperatur überschreiten. Eine Überhitzung des Produkts kann elektrischen Schlag, Brand
und/oder schwere Verletzungen von Personen, unter Umständen mit Todesfolge, verursachen.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 3

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

Elektrische Sicherheit

Werden die Hinweise zur elektrischen Sicherheit nicht oder unzureichend beachtet, kann dies elektrischen
Schlag, Brand und/oder schwere Verletzungen von Personen, unter Umständen mit Todesfolge,
verursachen.

1. Vor jedem Einschalten des Produkts ist sicherzustellen, dass die am Produkt eingestellte
Nennspannung und die Netznennspannung des Versorgungsnetzes übereinstimmen. Ist es
erforderlich, die Spannungseinstellung zu ändern, so muss ggf. auch die dazu gehörige
Netzsicherung des Produkts geändert werden.

2. Bei Produkten der Schutzklasse I mit beweglicher Netzzuleitung und Gerätesteckvorrichtung ist der
Betrieb nur an Steckdosen mit Schutzkontakt und angeschlossenem Schutzleiter zulässig.

3. Jegliche absichtliche Unterbrechung des Schutzleiters, sowohl in der Zuleitung als auch am Produkt
selbst, ist unzulässig. Es kann dazu führen, dass von dem Produkt die Gefahr eines elektrischen
Schlags ausgeht. Bei Verwendung von Verlängerungsleitungen oder Steckdosenleisten ist sicher­zustellen, dass diese regelmäßig auf ihren sicherheitstechnischen Zustand überprüft werden.

4. Sofern das Produkt nicht mit einem Netzschalter zur Netztrennung ausgerüstet ist, beziehungsweise
der vorhandene Netzschalter zu Netztrennung nicht geeignet ist, so ist der Stecker des
Anschlusskabels als Trennvorrichtung anzusehen.
Die Trennvorrichtung muss jederzeit leicht erreichbar und gut zugänglich sein. Ist z.B. der Netzstecker
die Trennvorrichtung, darf die Länge des Anschlusskabels 3 m nicht überschreiten.
Funktionsschalter oder elektronische Schalter sind zur Netztrennung nicht geeignet. Werden Produkte
ohne Netzschalter in Gestelle oder Anlagen integriert, so ist die Trennvorrichtung auf Anlagenebene
zu verlagern.

5. Benutzen Sie das Produkt niemals, wenn das Netzkabel beschädigt ist. Überprüfen Sie regelmäßig
den einwandfreien Zustand der Netzkabel. Stellen Sie durch geeignete Schutzmaßnahmen und
Verlegearten sicher, dass das Netzkabel nicht beschädigt werden kann und niemand z.B. durch
Stolperfallen oder elektrischen Schlag zu Schaden kommen kann.

6. Der Betrieb ist nur an TN/TT Versorgungsnetzen gestattet, die mit höchstens 16 A abgesichert sind
(höhere Absicherung nur nach Rücksprache mit der Rohde & Schwarz Firmengruppe).

7. Stecken Sie den Stecker nicht in verstaubte oder verschmutzte Steckdosen/-buchsen. Stecken Sie die
Steckverbindung/-vorrichtung fest und vollständig in die dafür vorgesehenen Steckdosen/-buchsen.
Missachtung dieser Maßnahmen kann zu Funken, Feuer und/oder Verletzungen führen.

8. Überlasten Sie keine Steckdosen, Verlängerungskabel oder Steckdosenleisten, dies kann Feuer oder
elektrische Schläge verursachen.

9. Bei Messungen in Stromkreisen mit Spannungen U

> 30 V ist mit geeigneten Maßnahmen Vorsorge

eff

zu treffen, dass jegliche Gefährdung ausgeschlossen wird (z.B. geeignete Messmittel, Absicherung,
Strombegrenzung, Schutztrennung, Isolierung usw.).

10. Bei Verbindungen mit informationstechnischen Geräten, z.B. PC oder Industrierechner, ist darauf zu
achten, dass diese der jeweils gültigen IEC 60950-1 / EN 60950-1 oder IEC 61010-1 / EN 61010-1
entsprechen.

11. Sofern nicht ausdrücklich erlaubt, darf der Deckel oder ein Teil des Gehäuses niemals entfernt
werden, wenn das Produkt betrieben wird. Dies macht elektrische Leitungen und Komponenten
zugänglich und kann zu Verletzungen, Feuer oder Schaden am Produkt führen.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 4

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

12. Wird ein Produkt ortsfest angeschlossen, ist die Verbindung zwischen dem Schutzleiteranschluss vor
Ort und dem Geräteschutzleiter vor jeglicher anderer Verbindung herzustellen. Aufstellung und
Anschluss darf nur durch eine Elektrofachkraft erfolgen.

13. Bei ortsfesten Geräten ohne eingebaute Sicherung, Selbstschalter oder ähnliche Schutzeinrichtung
muss der Versorgungskreis so abgesichert sein, dass alle Personen, die Zugang zum Produkt haben,
sowie das Produkt selbst ausreichend vor Schäden geschützt sind.

14. Jedes Produkt muss durch geeigneten Überspannungsschutz vor Überspannung (z.B. durch
Blitzschlag) geschützt werden. Andernfalls ist das bedienende Personal durch elektrischen Schlag
gefährdet.

15. Gegenstände, die nicht dafür vorgesehen sind, dürfen nicht in die Öffnungen des Gehäuses
eingebracht werden. Dies kann Kurzschlüsse im Produkt und/oder elektrische Schläge, Feuer oder
Verletzungen verursachen.

16. Sofern nicht anders spezifiziert, sind Produkte nicht gegen das Eindringen von Flüssigkeiten
geschützt, siehe auch Abschnitt "Betriebszustände und Betriebslagen", Punkt 1. Daher müssen die
Geräte vor Eindringen von Flüssigkeiten geschützt werden. Wird dies nicht beachtet, besteht Gefahr
durch elektrischen Schlag für den Benutzer oder Beschädigung des Produkts, was ebenfalls zur
Gefährdung von Personen führen kann.

17. Benutzen Sie das Produkt nicht unter Bedingungen, bei denen Kondensation in oder am Produkt
stattfinden könnte oder ggf. bereits stattgefunden hat, z.B. wenn das Produkt von kalter in warme
Umgebung bewegt wurde. Das Eindringen von Wasser erhöht das Risiko eines elektrischen
Schlages.

18. Trennen Sie das Produkt vor der Reinigung komplett von der Energieversorgung (z.B. speisendes
Netz oder Batterie). Nehmen Sie bei Geräten die Reinigung mit einem weichen, nicht fasernden
Staublappen vor. Verwenden Sie keinesfalls chemische Reinigungsmittel wie z.B. Alkohol, Aceton,
Nitroverdünnung.

Betrieb

1. Die Benutzung des Produkts erfordert spezielle Einweisung und hohe Konzentration während der
Benutzung. Es muss sichergestellt sein, dass Personen, die das Produkt bedienen, bezüglich ihrer
körperlichen, geistigen und seelischen Verfassung den Anforderungen gewachsen sind, da
andernfalls Verletzungen oder Sachschäden nicht auszuschließen sind. Es liegt in der Verantwortung
des Arbeitsgebers/Betreibers, geeignetes Personal für die Benutzung des Produkts auszuwählen.

2. Bevor Sie das Produkt bewegen oder transportieren, lesen und beachten Sie den Abschnitt
"Transport".

3. Wie bei allen industriell gefertigten Gütern kann die Verwendung von Stoffen, die Allergien
hervorrufen - so genannte Allergene (z.B. Nickel) - nicht generell ausgeschlossen werden. Sollten
beim Umgang mit R&S-Produkten allergische Reaktionen, z.B. Hautausschlag, häufiges Niesen,
Bindehautrötung oder Atembeschwerden auftreten, ist umgehend ein Arzt aufzusuchen, um die
Ursachen zu klären und Gesundheitsschäden bzw. -belastungen zu vermeiden.

4. Vor der mechanischen und/oder thermischen Bearbeitung oder Zerlegung des Produkts beachten Sie
unbedingt Abschnitt "Entsorgung", Punkt 1.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 5

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

5. Bei bestimmten Produkten, z.B. HF-Funkanlagen, können funktionsbedingt erhöhte elektromag­netische Strahlungen auftreten. Unter Berücksichtigung der erhöhten Schutzwürdigkeit des unge­borenen Lebens müssen Schwangere durch geeignete Maßnahmen geschützt werden. Auch Träger
von Herzschrittmachern können durch elektromagnetische Strahlungen gefährdet sein. Der
Arbeitgeber/Betreiber ist verpflichtet, Arbeitsstätten, bei denen ein besonderes Risiko einer Strahlen­exposition besteht, zu beurteilen und zu kennzeichnen und mögliche Gefahren abzuwenden.

6. Im Falle eines Brandes entweichen ggf. giftige Stoffe (Gase, Flüssigkeiten etc.) aus dem Produkt, die
Gesundheitsschäden verursachen können. Daher sind im Brandfall geeignete Maßnahmen wie z.B.
Atemschutzmasken und Schutzkleidung zu verwenden.

7. Falls ein Laser-Produkt in ein R&S-Produkt integriert ist (z.B. CD/DVD-Laufwerk), dürfen keine
anderen Einstellungen oder Funktionen verwendet werden, als in der Produktdokumentation beschrie­ben, um Personenschäden zu vermeiden (z.B. durch Laserstrahl).

8. EMV Klassen (nach EN 55011 / CISPR 11; sinngemäß EN 55022 / CISPR 22, EN 55032 / CISPR 32)
Gerät der Klasse A:

Ein Gerät, das sich für den Gebrauch in allen anderen Bereichen außer dem Wohnbereich und
solchen Bereichen eignet, die direkt an ein Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz angeschlossen sind,
das Wohngebäude versorgt.
Hinweis: Diese Einrichtung kann wegen möglicher auftretender leitungsgebundener als auch
gestrahlten Störgrößen im Wohnbereich Funkstörungen verursachen. In diesem Fall kann vom
Betreiber verlangt werden, angemessene Maßnahmen durchzuführen.
Gerät der Klasse B:
Ein Gerät, das sich für den Betrieb im Wohnbereich sowie in solchen Bereichen eignet, die direkt an
ein Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz angeschlossen sind, das Wohngebäude versorgt.

Reparatur und Service

1. Das Produkt darf nur von dafür autorisiertem Fachpersonal geöffnet werden. Vor Arbeiten am Produkt
oder Öffnen des Produkts ist dieses von der Versorgungsspannung zu trennen, sonst besteht das
Risiko eines elektrischen Schlages.

2. Abgleich, Auswechseln von Teilen, Wartung und Reparatur darf nur von R&S-autorisierten
Elektrofachkräften ausgeführt werden. Werden sicherheitsrelevante Teile (z.B. Netzschalter,
Netztrafos oder Sicherungen) ausgewechselt, so dürfen diese nur durch Originalteile ersetzt werden.
Nach jedem Austausch von sicherheitsrelevanten Teilen ist eine Sicherheitsprüfung durchzuführen
(Sichtprüfung, Schutzleitertest, Isolationswiderstand-, Ableitstrommessung, Funktionstest). Damit wird
sichergestellt, dass die Sicherheit des Produkts erhalten bleibt.

Batterien und Akkumulatoren/Zellen

Werden die Hinweise zu Batterien und Akkumulatoren/Zellen nicht oder unzureichend beachtet, kann dies
Explosion, Brand und/oder schwere Verletzungen von Personen, unter Umständen mit Todesfolge,
verursachen. Die Handhabung von Batterien und Akkumulatoren mit alkalischen Elektrolyten (z.B.
Lithiumzellen) muss der EN 62133 entsprechen.

1. Zellen dürfen nicht zerlegt, geöffnet oder zerkleinert werden.

2. Zellen oder Batterien dürfen weder Hitze noch Feuer ausgesetzt werden. Die Lagerung im direkten
Sonnenlicht ist zu vermeiden. Zellen und Batterien sauber und trocken halten. Verschmutzte
Anschlüsse mit einem trockenen, sauberen Tuch reinigen.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 6

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

3. Zellen oder Batterien dürfen nicht kurzgeschlossen werden. Zellen oder Batterien dürfen nicht
gefahrbringend in einer Schachtel oder in einem Schubfach gelagert werden, wo sie sich gegenseitig
kurzschließen oder durch andere leitende Werkstoffe kurzgeschlossen werden können. Eine Zelle
oder Batterie darf erst aus ihrer Originalverpackung entnommen werden, wenn sie verwendet werden
soll.

4. Zellen oder Batterien dürfen keinen unzulässig starken, mechanischen Stößen ausgesetzt werden.

5. Bei Undichtheit einer Zelle darf die Flüssigkeit nicht mit der Haut in Berührung kommen oder in die
Augen gelangen. Falls es zu einer Berührung gekommen ist, den betroffenen Bereich mit reichlich
Wasser waschen und ärztliche Hilfe in Anspruch nehmen.

6. Werden Zellen oder Batterien, die alkalische Elektrolyte enthalten (z.B. Lithiumzellen), unsachgemäß
ausgewechselt oder geladen, besteht Explosionsgefahr. Zellen oder Batterien nur durch den ent­sprechenden R&S-Typ ersetzen (siehe Ersatzteilliste), um die Sicherheit des Produkts zu erhalten.

7. Zellen oder Batterien müssen wiederverwertet werden und dürfen nicht in den Restmüll gelangen.
Akkumulatoren oder Batterien, die Blei, Quecksilber oder Cadmium enthalten, sind Sonderabfall.
Beachten Sie hierzu die landesspezifischen Entsorgungs- und Recycling-Bestimmungen.

8. Bei Rücksendungen von Lithiumbatterien zu Rohde & Schwarz - Niederlassungen müssen die
Transportvorschriften der Verkehrsträger (IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code, ADR, RID) befolgt werden.

Transport

1. Das Produkt kann ein hohes Gewicht aufweisen. Daher muss es vorsichtig und ggf. unter
Verwendung eines geeigneten Hebemittels (z.B. Hubwagen) bewegt bzw. transportiert werden, um
Rückenschäden oder Verletzungen zu vermeiden.

2. Griffe an den Produkten sind eine Handhabungshilfe, die ausschließlich für den Transport des
Produkts durch Personen vorgesehen ist. Es ist daher nicht zulässig, Griffe zur Befestigung an bzw.
auf Transportmitteln, z.B. Kränen, Gabelstaplern, Karren etc. zu verwenden. Es liegt in Ihrer
Verantwortung, die Produkte sicher an bzw. auf geeigneten Transport- oder Hebemitteln zu
befestigen. Beachten Sie die Sicherheitsvorschriften des jeweiligen Herstellers eingesetzter
Transport- oder Hebemittel, um Personenschäden und Schäden am Produkt zu vermeiden.

3. Falls Sie das Produkt in einem Fahrzeug benutzen, liegt es in der alleinigen Verantwortung des
Fahrers, das Fahrzeug in sicherer und angemessener Weise zu führen. Der Hersteller übernimmt
keine Verantwortung für Unfälle oder Kollisionen. Verwenden Sie das Produkt niemals in einem sich
bewegenden Fahrzeug, sofern dies den Fahrzeugführer ablenken könnte. Sichern Sie das Produkt im
Fahrzeug ausreichend ab, um im Falle eines Unfalls Verletzungen oder Schäden anderer Art zu
verhindern.

Entsorgung

1. Batterien bzw. Akkumulatoren, die nicht mit dem Hausmüll entsorgt werden dürfen, darf nach Ende
der Lebensdauer nur über eine geeignete Sammelstelle oder eine Rohde & Schwarz­Kundendienststelle entsorgt werden.

2. Am Ende der Lebensdauer des Produktes darf dieses Produkt nicht über den normalen Hausmüll
entsorgt werden, sondern muss getrennt gesammelt werden.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co.KG ein Entsorgungskonzept entwickelt und übernimmt die Pflichten
der Rücknahme- und Entsorgung für Hersteller innerhalb der EU in vollem Umfang. Wenden Sie sich
bitte an Ihre Rohde & Schwarz-Kundendienststelle, um das Produkt umweltgerecht zu entsorgen.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 7

Grundlegende Sicherheitshinweise

3. Werden Produkte oder ihre Bestandteile über den bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb hinaus mechanisch
und/oder thermisch bearbeitet, können ggf. gefährliche Stoffe (schwermetallhaltiger Staub wie z.B.
Blei, Beryllium, Nickel) freigesetzt werden. Die Zerlegung des Produkts darf daher nur von speziell
geschultem Fachpersonal erfolgen. Unsachgemäßes Zerlegen kann Gesundheitsschäden
hervorrufen. Die nationalen Vorschriften zur Entsorgung sind zu beachten.

4. Falls beim Umgang mit dem Produkt Gefahren- oder Betriebsstoffe entstehen, die speziell zu
entsorgen sind, z.B. regelmäßig zu wechselnde Kühlmittel oder Motorenöle, sind die
Sicherheitshinweise des Herstellers dieser Gefahren- oder Betriebsstoffe und die regional gültigen
Entsorgungsvorschriften einzuhalten. Beachten Sie ggf. auch die zugehörigen speziellen
Sicherheitshinweise in der Produktdokumentation. Die unsachgemäße Entsorgung von Gefahren­oder Betriebsstoffen kann zu Gesundheitsschäden von Personen und Umweltschäden führen.

Weitere Informationen zu Umweltschutz finden Sie auf der Rohde & Schwarz Home Page.

1171.0000.41 – 09 Seite 8

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Lisez et respectez impérativement les instructions et consignes de sécurité suivantes

Les usines et sites du groupe Rohde & Schwarz veillent à la conformité des produits du groupe avec les
normes de sécurité en vigueur dans un souci constant de garantir aux clients le plus haut niveau de
sécurité possible. Nos produits ainsi que les accessoires nécessaires sont fabriqués et testés
conformément aux règles de sécurité en vigueur. Le respect de ces règles est vérifié régulièrement par
notre système d’assurance qualité. Le présent produit a été fabriqué et contrôlé conformément au
certificat de conformité CE ci-joint et a quitté l’usine dans un parfait état de sécurité. Pour le maintenir
dans cet état et en garantir une utilisation sans danger, l’utilisateur doit respecter l’ensemble des
consignes, remarques de sécurité et avertissements qui se trouvent dans ce manuel. Le groupe
Rohde & Schwarz se tient à votre disposition pour toutes questions relatives aux présentes consignes de
sécurité.

Il incombe à l’utilisateur d’employer ce produit de manière appropriée. Le produit est exclusivement
destiné à l’utilisation en industrie et en laboratoire et/ou, si cela a été expressément autorisé, également
aux travaux extérieurs ; il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé à des fins pouvant causer des dommages
corporels ou matériels. L’exploitation du produit en dehors de son utilisation prévue ou le non-respect des
consignes du fabricant se font sous la responsabilité de l’utilisateur. Le fabricant décline toute
responsabilité en cas d’utilisation non conforme du produit.

Le produit est présumé faire l’objet d’une utilisation conforme lorsqu’il est utilisé conformément aux
consignes de la documentation produit correspondante et dans la limite de ses performances (voir fiche
technique, documentation, consignes de sécurité ci-après). L’utilisation du produit exige des compétences
en la matière et des connaissances de base de l’anglais. Par conséquent, le produit ne devra être utilisé
que par un personnel qualifié ou des personnes formées de manière approfondie et possédant les
compétences requises. Si, pour l’utilisation des produits Rohde & Schwarz, l’emploi d’un équipement
personnel de protection s’avère nécessaire, il en est fait mention dans la documentation produit à
l’emplacement correspondant. Conservez les consignes de sécurité fondamentales et la documentation
produit dans un lieu sûr et transmettez ces documents aux autres utilisateurs du produit.

La stricte observation des consignes de sécurité a pour but d’exclure des blessures ou dommages causés
par des dangers de toutes sortes. A cet effet, il est nécessaire de lire avec soin et de bien comprendre les
consignes de sécurité ci-dessous avant l’utilisation du produit et de les respecter lors de l’utilisation du
produit. Toutes les autres consignes de sécurité présentées à l’emplacement correspondant de la
documentation produit, par exemple, celles concernant la protection des personnes, doivent également
être impérativement respectées. Dans les présentes consignes de sécurité, toutes les marchandises
commercialisées par le groupe Rohde & Schwarz, notamment les appareils, les systèmes ainsi que les
accessoires, sont dénommés « produit ».

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 1

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Symbole

Signification

Symbole

Signification

Avis, source générale de danger
Se référer à la documentation produit

MARCHE / ARRET (tension d’alimentation)

Attention lors de la manipulation d’appareils
ayant un poids élevé

Indicateur de veille

Risque de choc électrique

Courant continu (CC)

Avertissement, surface chaude

Courant alternatif (CA)

Borne de conducteur de protection

Courant continu/alternatif (CC/CA)

Borne de mise à la terre

L’appareil est conforme aux exigences de
sécurité du degré de protection II
(appareil entièrement protégé par isolation
double/renforcée).

Borne de mise à la masse du bâti ou du boîtier

Marquage UE pour batteries et accumulateurs.

L’appareil contient une batterie ou un

accumulateur. Ces pièces ne peuvent pas être
éliminées avec les déchets urbains non triés,

mais doivent faire l’objet d’une collecte

séparée.
Pour plus d’informations, voir la page 7.

Avis : prudence lors de la manipulation de
composants sensibles aux décharges
électrostatiques

Marquage UE pour la collecte séparée
d’équipements électriques et électroniques.

Les déchets d’équipements électriques et
électroniques ne peuvent pas être éliminés
avec les déchets urbains non triés, mais
doivent faire l’objet d’une collecte séparée.

Pour plus d’informations, voir la page 7.

Avertissement, rayon laser
Les produits laser sont munis d’avertissements

normalisés d’après leur catégorie laser.
En raison des caractéristiques de leur

rayonnement ainsi que de leur puissance
électromagnétique extrêmement concentrée,
les lasers peuvent causer des dommages
biologiques.

Pour plus d’informations, voir le chapitre
« Fonctionnement »", point 7.

Symboles et marquages de sécurité

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 2

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Indique une situation dangereuse immédiate qui, si elle n’est pas
évitée, comporte un risque élevé de blessures graves ou
mortelles.

Indique une situation dangereuse possible qui, si elle n’est pas
évitée, comporte un risque modéré de blessures (graves) ou
mortelles.

Indique une situation dangereuse qui, si elle n’est pas évitée,
comporte un risque faible de blessures mineures ou modérées.

Indique la possibilité d’une fausse manœuvre susceptible
d’endommager le produit.

Mots d’alerte et significations

Les mots d’alerte suivants sont utilisés dans la documentation produit pour avertir des risques et dangers.

Ces mots d’alerte correspondent à la définition habituelle utilisée pour des applications civiles dans
l’espace économique européen. Des définitions divergentes peuvent cependant exister dans d’autres
espaces économiques ou dans le cadre d’applications militaires. Il faut donc veiller à ce que les mots
d’alerte décrits ici ne soient utilisés qu’en relation avec la documentation produit correspondante et
seulement avec le produit correspondant. L’utilisation des mots d’alerte en relation avec des produits ou
des documentations non correspondants peut conduire à des erreurs d’interprétation et par conséquent à
des dommages corporels ou matériels.

États et positions de fonctionnement

L’appareil ne doit être utilisé que dans les états et positions de fonctionnement indiqués par le fabricant.
Tout obstacle à la ventilation doit être empêché. Le non-respect des indications du fabricant peut
provoquer des chocs électriques, des incendies et/ou des blessures graves pouvant éventuellement
entraîner la mort. Pour tous les travaux, les règles locales et/ou nationales de sécurité et de prévention
des accidents doivent être respectées.

1. Sauf stipulations contraires, les produits Rohde & Schwarz répondent aux exigences ci-après :
faire fonctionner le produit avec le fond du boîtier toujours en bas, degré de protection IP 2X, degré de
pollution 2, catégorie de surtension 2, utilisation uniquement à l’intérieur, fonctionnement à une
altitude max. de 2000 m au-dessus du niveau de la mer, transport à une altitude max. de 4500 m au­dessus du niveau de la mer, tolérance de ±10 % pour la tension nominale et de ± 5 % pour la
fréquence nominale.

2. Ne jamais placer le produit sur des surfaces, véhicules, dépôts ou tables non appropriés pour raisons
de stabilité ou de poids. Suivre toujours strictement les indications d’installation du fabricant pour le
montage et la fixation du produit sur des objets ou des structures (par exemple parois et étagères). En
cas d’installation non conforme à la documentation produit, il y a risque de blessures, voire de mort.

3. Ne jamais placer le produit sur des dispositifs générant de la chaleur (par exemple radiateurs et
appareils de chauffage soufflants). La température ambiante ne doit pas dépasser la température
maximale spécifiée dans la documentation produit ou dans la fiche technique. Une surchauffe du
produit peut provoquer des chocs électriques, des incendies et/ou des blessures graves pouvant
éventuellement entraîner la mort.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 3

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Sécurité électrique

Si les consignes relatives à la sécurité électrique ne sont pas ou sont insuffisamment respectées, il peut
s’ensuivre des chocs électriques, des incendies et/ou des blessures graves pouvant éventuellement
entraîner la mort.

1. Avant chaque mise sous tension du produit, il faut s’assurer que la tension nominale réglée sur le
produit correspond à la tension nominale du réseau électrique. S’il est nécessaire de modifier le
réglage de la tension, il faut remplacer le fusible du produit, le cas échéant.

2. L’utilisation des produits du degré de protection I pourvus d’un câble d’alimentation mobile et d’un
connecteur n’est autorisée qu’avec des prises munies d’un contact de protection et d’un conducteur
de protection raccordé.

3. Toute déconnexion intentionnelle du conducteur de protection, dans le câble ou dans le produit lui­même, est interdite. Elle entraîne un risque de choc électrique au niveau du produit. En cas
d’utilisation de câbles prolongateurs ou de multiprises, ceux-ci doivent être examinés régulièrement
quant à leur état de sécurité technique.

4. Si le produit n’est pas doté d’un interrupteur d’alimentation pour le couper du réseau électrique ou si
l’interrupteur d’alimentation disponible n’est pas approprié pour couper le produit du réseau électrique,
le connecteur mâle du câble de raccordement est à considérer comme dispositif de séparation.
Le dispositif de séparation doit être à tout moment facilement accessible. Si, par exemple, le
connecteur d’alimentation sert de dispositif de séparation, la longueur du câble de raccordement ne
doit pas dépasser 3 m.
Les commutateurs fonctionnels ou électroniques ne sont pas appropriés pour couper l’appareil du
réseau électrique. Si des produits sans interrupteur d’alimentation sont intégrés dans des bâtis ou
systèmes, le dispositif de séparation doit être reporté au niveau du système.

5. Ne jamais utiliser le produit si le câble d’alimentation est endommagé. Vérifier régulièrement le parfait
état du câble d’alimentation. Prendre les mesures préventives appropriées et opter pour des types de
pose tels que le câble d’alimentation ne puisse pas être endommagé et que personne ne puisse subir
de préjudice, par exemple en trébuchant sur le câble ou par des chocs électriques.

6. L’utilisation des produits est uniquement autorisée sur des réseaux d’alimentation de type TN/TT
protégés par des fusibles d’une intensité max. de 16 A (pour toute intensité supérieure, consulter le
groupe Rohde & Schwarz).

7. Ne pas brancher le connecteur dans des prises d’alimentation sales ou poussiéreuses. Enfoncer
fermement le connecteur jusqu’au bout de la prise. Le non-respect de cette mesure peut provoquer
des étincelles, incendies et/ou blessures.

8. Ne pas surcharger les prises, les câbles prolongateurs ou les multiprises, cela pouvant provoquer des
incendies ou chocs électriques.

9. En cas de mesures sur les circuits électriques d’une tension efficace > 30 V, prendre les précautions
nécessaires pour éviter tout risque (par exemple équipement de mesure approprié, fusibles, limitation
de courant, coupe-circuit, isolation, etc.).

10. En cas d’interconnexion avec des équipements informatiques comme par exemple un PC ou un
ordinateur industriel, veiller à ce que ces derniers soient conformes aux normes IEC 60950-1 /
EN 60950-1 ou IEC 61010-1 / EN 61010-1 en vigueur.

11. Sauf autorisation expresse, il est interdit de retirer le couvercle ou toute autre pièce du boîtier lorsque
le produit est en cours de service. Les câbles et composants électriques seraient ainsi accessibles, ce
qui peut entraîner des blessures, des incendies ou des dégâts sur le produit.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 4

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

12. Si un produit est connecté de façon stationnaire, établir avant toute autre connexion le raccordement
du conducteur de protection local et du conducteur de protection du produit. L’installation et le
raccordement ne peuvent être effectués que par un électricien ou électronicien qualifié.

13. Sur les appareils stationnaires sans fusible ni disjoncteur automatique ou dispositif de protection
similaire intégrés, le circuit d’alimentation doit être sécurisé de sorte que toutes les personnes ayant
accès au produit et le produit lui-même soient suffisamment protégés contre tout dommage.

14. Chaque produit doit être protégé de manière appropriée contre les éventuelles surtensions (par
exemple dues à un coup de foudre). Sinon, les utilisateurs sont exposés à des risques de choc
électrique.

15. Ne jamais introduire d’objets non prévus à cet effet dans les ouvertures du boîtier, étant donné que
cela peut entraîner des courts-circuits dans le produit et/ou des chocs électriques, incendies ou
blessures.

16. Sauf spécification contraire, les produits ne sont pas protégés contre l’infiltration de liquides, voir aussi
la section « États et positions de fonctionnement », point 1. Il faut donc protéger les produits contre
l’infiltration de liquides. La non-observation de cette consigne entraîne le risque de choc électrique
pour l’utilisateur ou d’endommagement du produit, ce qui peut également mettre les personnes en
danger.

17. Ne pas utiliser le produit dans des conditions pouvant occasionner ou ayant déjà occasionné, le cas
échéant, des condensations dans ou sur le produit, par exemple lorsque celui-ci est déplacé d’un
environnement froid dans un environnement chaud. L’infiltration d’eau augmente le risque de choc
électrique.

18. Avant le nettoyage, débrancher le produit de l’alimentation (par exemple réseau électrique ou
batterie). Pour le nettoyage des appareils, utiliser un chiffon doux non pelucheux. N’utiliser en aucun
cas de produit de nettoyage chimique, tel que de l’alcool, de l’acétone ou un diluant nitrocellulosique.

Fonctionnement

1. L’utilisation du produit exige une formation spécifique ainsi qu’une grande concentration. Il est
impératif que les personnes qui utilisent le produit présent les aptitudes physiques, mentales et
psychiques requises, vu qu’autrement des dommages corporels ou matériels ne peuvent pas être
exclus. Le choix du personnel qualifié pour l’utilisation du produit est sous la responsabilité de
l’employeur/l’exploitant.

2. Avant de déplacer ou de transporter le produit, lire et respecter la section « Transport ».

3. Comme pour tous les biens produits de façon industrielle, l’utilisation de matériaux pouvant causer
des allergies (allergènes, comme par exemple le nickel) ne peut être totalement exclue. Si, lors de
l’utilisation de produits Rohde & Schwarz, des réactions allergiques surviennent, telles qu’éruption
cutanée, éternuements fréquents, rougeur de la conjonctive ou difficultés respiratoires, il faut
immédiatement consulter un médecin pour en clarifier la cause et éviter toute atteinte à la santé.

4. Avant le traitement mécanique et/ou thermique ou le démontage du produit, il faut impérativement
observer la section « Élimination des déchets », point 1.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 5

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

5. Selon les fonctions, certains produits, tels que des systèmes de radiocommunication RF, peuvent
produire des niveaux élevés de rayonnement électromagnétique. Étant donné la vulnérabilité de
l’enfant à naître, les femmes enceintes doivent être protégées par des mesures appropriées. Les
porteurs de stimulateurs cardiaques peuvent également être menacés par les rayonnements
électromagnétiques. L’employeur/l’exploitant est tenu d’évaluer et de repérer les lieux de travail
soumis à un risque particulier d’exposition aux rayonnements et de prévenir les dangers éventuels.

6. En cas d’incendie, il se peut que le produit dégage des matières toxiques (gaz, liquides, etc.)
susceptibles de nuire à la santé. Il faut donc, en cas d’incendie, prendre des mesures adéquates
comme par exemple le port de masques respiratoires et de vêtements de protection.

7. Si un produit laser est intégré dans un produit Rohde & Schwarz (par exemple lecteur CD/DVD), il ne
faut pas utiliser de réglages ou fonctions autres que ceux décrits dans la documentation produit pour
éviter tout dommage corporel (par exemple causé par rayon laser).

8. Classes CEM (selon EN 55011 / CISPR 11 ; selon EN 55022 / CISPR 22, EN 55032 / CISPR 32 par
analogie)
 Appareil de la classe A :

Appareil approprié à un usage dans tous les environnements autres que l’environnement
résidentiel et les environnements raccordés directement à un réseau d’alimentation basse tension
qui alimente des bâtiments résidentiels.
Remarque : ces appareils peuvent provoquer des perturbations radioélectriques dans
l’environnement résidentiel en raison de perturbations conduites ou rayonnées. Dans ce cas, on
peut exiger que l’exploitant mette en œuvre de mesures appropriées pour éliminer ces
perturbations.

 Appareil de la classe B :

Appareil approprié à un usage dans l’environnement résidentiel ainsi que dans les
environnements raccordés directement à un réseau d’alimentation basse tension qui alimente des
bâtiments résidentiels.

Réparation et service après-vente

1. Le produit ne doit être ouvert que par un personnel qualifié et autorisé. Avant de travailler sur le
produit ou de l’ouvrir, il faut le couper de la tension d’alimentation ; sinon il y a risque de choc
électrique.

2. Les travaux d’ajustement, le remplacement des pièces, la maintenance et la réparation ne doivent
être effectués que par des électroniciens qualifiés et autorisés par Rohde & Schwarz. En cas de
remplacement de pièces concernant la sécurité (notamment interrupteur d’alimentation,
transformateur d’alimentation réseau ou fusibles), celles-ci ne doivent être remplacées que par des
pièces d’origine. Après chaque remplacement de pièces concernant la sécurité, une vérification de
sécurité doit être effectuée (contrôle visuel, vérification du conducteur de protection, mesure de la
résistance d’isolement et du courant de fuite, essai de fonctionnement). Cela permet d’assurer le
maintien de la sécurité du produit.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 6

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Batteries et accumulateurs/cellules

Si les instructions concernant les batteries et accumulateurs/cellules ne sont pas ou sont insuffisamment
respectées, cela peut provoquer des explosions, des incendies et/ou des blessures graves pouvant
entraîner la mort. La manipulation de batteries et accumulateurs contenant des électrolytes alcalins (par
exemple cellules de lithium) doit être conforme à la norme EN 62133.

1. Les cellules ne doivent être ni démontées, ni ouvertes, ni réduites en morceaux.

2. Ne jamais exposer les cellules ou batteries à la chaleur ou au feu. Ne pas les stocker dans un endroit
où elles sont exposées au rayonnement direct du soleil. Tenir les cellules et batteries au sec. Nettoyer
les raccords sales avec un chiffon sec et propre.

3. Ne jamais court-circuiter les cellules ou batteries. Les cellules ou batteries ne doivent pas être
gardées dans une boîte ou un tiroir où elles peuvent se court-circuiter mutuellement ou être court­circuitées par d’autres matériaux conducteurs. Une cellule ou batterie ne doit être retirée de son
emballage d’origine que lorsqu’on l’utilise.

4. Les cellules ou batteries ne doivent pas être exposées à des chocs mécaniques de force non
admissible.

5. En cas de manque d’étanchéité d’une cellule, le liquide ne doit pas entrer en contact avec la peau ou
les yeux. S’il y a contact, rincer abondamment à l’eau l’endroit concerné et consulter un médecin.

6. Il y a danger d’explosion en cas de remplacement ou chargement incorrect des cellules ou batteries
qui contiennent des électrolytes alcalins (par exemple cellules de lithium). Remplacer les cellules ou
batteries uniquement par le type Rohde & Schwarz correspondant (voir la liste des pièces de
rechange) pour maintenir la sécurité du produit.

7. Il faut recycler les cellules ou batteries et il est interdit de les éliminer comme déchets normaux. Les
accumulateurs ou batteries qui contiennent du plomb, du mercure ou du cadmium sont des déchets
spéciaux. Observer les règles nationales d’élimination et de recyclage.

8. Lors des renvois de batteries au lithium à des filiales Rohde & Schwarz, il convient de respecter les
prescriptions de transport (IATA-DGR, code IMDG, ADR, RID) fixées par les transporteurs.

Transport

1. Le produit peut avoir un poids élevé. Il faut donc le déplacer ou le transporter avec précaution et en
utilisant le cas échéant un moyen de levage approprié (par exemple, chariot élévateur) pour éviter des
dommages au dos ou des blessures.

2. Les poignées des produits sont une aide de manipulation exclusivement réservée au transport du
produit par des personnes. Il est donc proscrit d’utiliser ces poignées pour attacher le produit à ou sur
des moyens de transport, tels que grues, chariots et chariots élévateurs, etc. Vous êtes responsable
de la fixation sûre des produits à ou sur des moyens de transport et de levage appropriés. Observer
les consignes de sécurité du fabricant des moyens de transport ou de levage utilisés pour éviter des
dommages corporels et des dégâts sur le produit.

3. L’utilisation du produit dans un véhicule se fait sous l’unique responsabilité du conducteur qui doit
piloter le véhicule de manière sûre et appropriée. Le fabricant décline toute responsabilité en cas
d’accidents ou de collisions. Ne jamais utiliser le produit dans un véhicule en mouvement si cela
pouvait détourner l’attention du conducteur. Sécuriser suffisamment le produit dans le véhicule pour
empêcher des blessures ou dommages de tout type en cas d’accident.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 7

Consignes de sécurité fondamentales

Élimination des déchets

1. Au terme de leur durée de vie, les batteries ou accumulateurs qui ne peuvent pas être éliminés avec
les déchets ménagers peuvent uniquement être éliminés par des points de collecte appropriés ou par
un centre de service après-vente Rohde & Schwarz.

2. Au terme de sa durée de vie, un produit ne peut pas être éliminé avec les déchets ménagers
normaux, mais doit être collecté séparément.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG a développé un concept d’élimination des déchets et assume
toutes les obligations en matière de reprise et d’élimination, valables pour les fabricants au sein de
l’UE. Veuillez vous adresser à votre centre de service après-vente Rohde & Schwarz pour éliminer le
produit de manière écologique.

3. Si les produits ou leurs composants sont travaillés mécaniquement et/ou thermiquement au-delà de
l’utilisation prévue, ils peuvent, le cas échéant, libérer des substances dangereuses (poussières
contenant des métaux lourds comme par exemple du plomb, du béryllium ou du nickel). Le
démontage du produit ne doit donc être effectué que par un personnel qualifié et spécialement formé.
Le démontage inadéquat peut nuire à la santé. Les règles nationales concernant l’élimination des
déchets doivent être observées.

4. Si, lors de l’utilisation du produit, des substances dangereuses ou combustibles exigeant une
élimination spéciale sont dégagées, comme par exemple liquides de refroidissement ou huiles
moteurs qui sont à changer régulièrement, les consignes de sécurité du fabricant de ces substances
dangereuses ou combustibles ainsi que les règles sur l’élimination en vigueur au niveau régional
doivent être respectées. Les consignes de sécurité spéciales correspondantes dans la documentation
produit doivent également être respectées, le cas échéant. L’élimination non conforme des
substances dangereuses ou combustibles peut provoquer des atteintes à la santé et des dommages
écologiques.

Pour plus d’informations concernant la protection de l’environnement, voir la page d’accueil de
Rohde & Schwarz.

1171.0000.43 – 09 Page 8

Customer Support

Technical support – where and when you need it

For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support
Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a
solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde & Schwarz
equipment.

Up-to-date information and upgrades

To keep your instrument up-to-date and to be informed about new application notes related to your
instrument, please send an e-mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish.
We will take care that you will get the right information.

Europe, Africa, Middle East

North America

Latin America

Asia/Pacific

China

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone 1-888-TEST-RSA (1-888-837-8772)

[e-mail]

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone [phone] /
[phone]

[e-mail]

1171.0200.22-06.00

R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

1 Preface.................................................................................................. 11

1.1 For Your Safety............................................................................................................11

1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation................................................................. 11

1.2.1 Typographical Conventions...........................................................................................11

1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions.......................................................................12

1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots...................................................................................................12

2 Documentation Overview....................................................................13

2.1 Getting Started Manual...............................................................................................13

2.2 User Manuals and Help...............................................................................................13

2.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................ 13

Contents

Contents

2.4 Instrument Security Procedures................................................................................14

2.5 Basic Safety Instructions........................................................................................... 14

2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures....................................................................................... 14

2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).....................................14

2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.......................................15

3 Release Notes for Firmware V1.22..................................................... 16

3.1 Known Issues in Firmware V1.22.............................................................................. 16

3.2 Changes in Firmware V1.22....................................................................................... 16

4 Getting Started..................................................................................... 19

4.1 Preparing for Use........................................................................................................ 19

4.1.1 Putting into Operation................................................................................................... 19

4.1.2 Windows Operating System..........................................................................................27

4.1.3 Connecting USB Devices..............................................................................................31

4.1.4 Connecting an External Monitor....................................................................................32

4.1.5 Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection.......................................................................34

4.1.6 Configuring the Initial Instrument Settings.................................................................... 39

4.2 Instrument Tour...........................................................................................................40

4.2.1 Front Panel View...........................................................................................................40

4.2.2 Rear Panel View............................................................................................................48

4.3 Trying Out the Instrument.......................................................................................... 53

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

4.3.1 Performing Measurements............................................................................................54

4.3.2 Zooming into the Display...............................................................................................61

4.3.3 Saving Settings............................................................................................................. 62

4.3.4 Printing and Saving Results.......................................................................................... 64

4.3.5 Activating Additional Channel Setups........................................................................... 65

4.3.6 Trying Out Spectrum Mode........................................................................................... 67

4.3.7 Performing Sequential Measurements..........................................................................73

4.4 Operating the Instrument........................................................................................... 74

4.4.1 Understanding the Display Information (VNA Mode).................................................... 75

4.4.2 Accessing the Functionality...........................................................................................76

4.4.3 Entering Data................................................................................................................ 79

4.4.4 Touchscreen Gestures.................................................................................................. 80

4.4.5 Getting Help.................................................................................................................. 83

Contents

4.4.6 Remote Control............................................................................................................. 85

5 Operating Modes, Applications, Channel Setups, and Result Dis-

plays......................................................................................................87

5.1 Available Applications................................................................................................88

5.2 R&S MultiView............................................................................................................. 89

5.3 Defining Channel Setups............................................................................................90

5.4 Running a Sequence of Measurements.................................................................... 92

5.4.1 The Sequencer Concept............................................................................................... 92

5.4.2 Sequencer Settings.......................................................................................................95

5.4.3 How to Set Up the Sequencer.......................................................................................95

6 Common Instrument Functions..........................................................97

6.1 Toolbar Functions....................................................................................................... 97

6.2 Data Management....................................................................................................... 98

6.2.1 Restoring the Default Instrument Configuration (Preset).............................................. 99

6.2.2 Storing and Recalling Instrument Settings and Measurement Data........................... 100

6.2.3 Creating Screenshots of Current Measurement Results and Settings........................109

6.3 General Instrument Setup........................................................................................ 120

6.3.1 Reference Frequency..................................................................................................120

6.3.2 Display Settings.......................................................................................................... 121

6.3.3 Language Settings...................................................................................................... 130

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

6.3.4 System Configuration Settings....................................................................................131

6.3.5 Service Functions........................................................................................................137

6.3.6 VNA Setup.................................................................................................................. 142

6.4 Network and Remote Settings................................................................................. 148

6.4.1 Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols................................................................... 148

6.4.2 SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments).....................................155

6.4.3 VISA Libraries............................................................................................................. 156

6.4.4 Network and Remote Control Settings........................................................................156

6.4.5 How to Set Up a Network and Remote Control...........................................................166

7 VNA Concepts and Features.............................................................186

7.1 Basic Concepts......................................................................................................... 186

7.1.1 Global (Persistent) Settings........................................................................................ 186

Contents

7.1.2 Channel Setups...........................................................................................................187

7.1.3 Traces, Channels and Diagrams.................................................................................187

7.1.4 Sweep Control.............................................................................................................189

7.2 VNA Screen Elements...............................................................................................192

7.2.1 Display Elements of a VNA Diagram.......................................................................... 192

7.2.2 Dialogs........................................................................................................................ 203

7.2.3 Trace Formats.............................................................................................................205

7.3 Measurement Results............................................................................................... 214

7.3.1 S-Parameters.............................................................................................................. 214

7.3.2 Impedance Parameters...............................................................................................216

7.3.3 Admittance Parameters...............................................................................................218

7.3.4 Wave Quantities and Ratios........................................................................................220

7.3.5 Unbalance-Balance Conversion..................................................................................222

7.3.6 Reference Impedances............................................................................................... 224

7.3.7 Stability Factors...........................................................................................................226

7.3.8 Delay, Aperture, Electrical Length...............................................................................227

7.4 Operations on Traces............................................................................................... 228

7.4.1 Limit Check................................................................................................................. 228

7.4.2 Trace Files...................................................................................................................234

7.5 Calibration................................................................................................................. 239

7.5.1 Calibration Types........................................................................................................ 240

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

7.5.2 Calibration Standards and Calibration Kits................................................................. 244

7.5.3 Calibration Pool...........................................................................................................250

7.5.4 Calibration Labels....................................................................................................... 250

7.5.5 Automatic Calibration.................................................................................................. 251

7.5.6 Parallel Calibration of Multiple Channels.................................................................... 256

7.6 Offset Parameters and Embedding......................................................................... 256

7.6.1 Offset Parameters....................................................................................................... 257

7.6.2 Embedding and Deembedding....................................................................................262

7.7 Optional Extensions and Accessories....................................................................272

7.7.1 Time Domain Analysis.................................................................................................272

7.7.2 Distance to Fault Measurements................................................................................ 278

7.7.3 Additional Removable System Drive...........................................................................280

7.7.4 Extended Power Range.............................................................................................. 280

Contents

7.7.5 Receiver Step Attenuators.......................................................................................... 280

7.7.6 Spectrum Analysis Function........................................................................................281

7.7.7 OCXO Frequency Reference...................................................................................... 281

7.7.8 Additional Interfaces....................................................................................................282

7.7.9 GPIB Interface.............................................................................................................282

7.7.10 DC Power Supply 12/24 V.......................................................................................... 282

7.7.11 Internal Li-Ion Batteries...............................................................................................282

7.7.12 Power Sensor Measurements with NRP Power Meters..............................................283

8 VNA GUI Reference............................................................................285

8.1 Function Keys and Softtools................................................................................... 285

8.2 Stimulus Softtool...................................................................................................... 286

8.2.1 Stimulus Tab................................................................................................................287

8.2.2 Power Tab................................................................................................................... 288

8.2.3 Time Domain X-Axis Tab.............................................................................................290

8.3 Scale Softtool............................................................................................................ 292

8.3.1 Scale Values Tab.........................................................................................................292

8.3.2 Scale Coupling Tab..................................................................................................... 295

8.3.3 Zoom Tab.................................................................................................................... 295

8.4 Bw Avg Power Softtool.............................................................................................297

8.4.1 Power Tab................................................................................................................... 297

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8.4.2 Bandwidth Tab.............................................................................................................298

8.4.3 Average Tab................................................................................................................ 299

8.5 Sweep Softtool.......................................................................................................... 300

8.5.1 Sweep Params Tab..................................................................................................... 300

8.5.2 Sweep Type Tab..........................................................................................................303

8.5.3 Trigger Tab.................................................................................................................. 313

8.5.4 Sweep Control Tab......................................................................................................318

8.6 Trace Softtool............................................................................................................ 320

8.6.1 Traces Tab...................................................................................................................320

8.6.2 Mem Math Tab............................................................................................................ 324

8.6.3 All Mem All Data Tab...................................................................................................330

8.6.4 Time Domain Tab........................................................................................................ 332

8.6.5 Time Gate Tab.............................................................................................................337

Contents

8.6.6 Distance to Fault Tab.................................................................................................. 339

8.6.7 Trace Statistics Tab.....................................................................................................346

8.6.8 Smooth Shift Hold Tab................................................................................................ 350

8.6.9 Trace Data Tab............................................................................................................353

8.7 Meas Softtool.............................................................................................................359

8.7.1 S-Params Tab............................................................................................................. 360

8.7.2 Ratios Tab................................................................................................................... 367

8.7.3 Wave Tab.................................................................................................................... 370

8.7.4 Z←Sij Tab....................................................................................................................372

8.7.5 Y←Sij Tab................................................................................................................... 374

8.7.6 Y-Z-Params Tab.......................................................................................................... 375

8.7.7 Stability Tab.................................................................................................................377

8.7.8 Power Sensor Tab.......................................................................................................378

8.8 Format Softtool......................................................................................................... 380

8.9 Display Lines Softtool.............................................................................................. 386

8.9.1 Diagram Tab................................................................................................................387

8.9.2 Split Tab...................................................................................................................... 390

8.9.3 Config Tab................................................................................................................... 392

8.9.4 Limit Test Tab.............................................................................................................. 396

8.9.5 Ripple Test Tab............................................................................................................403

7User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 06

R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

8.9.6 Circle Test Tab.............................................................................................................408

8.9.7 Display Circle Tab........................................................................................................411

8.9.8 Horiz. Line Tab............................................................................................................ 412

8.10 Marker Settings Softtool...........................................................................................413

8.10.1 Markers Tab................................................................................................................ 413

8.10.2 Marker Props Tab........................................................................................................416

8.10.3 Set by Marker Tab....................................................................................................... 418

8.10.4 Info Field Tab...............................................................................................................420

8.11 Marker Search Softtool.............................................................................................420

8.11.1 Peak Tab..................................................................................................................... 421

8.11.2 Multiple Peak Tab........................................................................................................425

8.11.3 Target Search Tab.......................................................................................................427

8.11.4 Bandfilter Tab.............................................................................................................. 429

Contents

8.12 Cal Softtool................................................................................................................ 433

8.12.1 Create a User Calibration............................................................................................434

8.12.2 Manage Calibration Devices....................................................................................... 449

8.12.3 Manage User Calibrations...........................................................................................461

8.13 Channel Softtool....................................................................................................... 465

8.13.1 Channels Tab.............................................................................................................. 465

8.13.2 Mode Tab.................................................................................................................... 469

8.13.3 Channel Bits Tab......................................................................................................... 471

8.14 Offset Embed Softtool.............................................................................................. 472

8.14.1 Offset Embed Dock Widget.........................................................................................472

8.14.2 Offset Tab....................................................................................................................480

8.14.3 One Way Loss Tab......................................................................................................485

8.14.4 Single Ended Tab........................................................................................................ 487

8.14.5 Port Sets Tab...............................................................................................................489

8.14.6 Balanced Tab.............................................................................................................. 492

8.14.7 Ground Loop Tab........................................................................................................ 494

8.14.8 Differential Match Tab..................................................................................................496

9 Command Reference......................................................................... 499

9.1 Conventions Used in SCPI Command Descriptions..............................................499

9.2 Common Commands................................................................................................ 500

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

9.3 Common Instrument Commands............................................................................ 504

9.3.1 Commands for Remote Instrument Operation............................................................ 504

9.3.2 Selecting the Operating Mode and Application........................................................... 505

9.3.3 Managing Settings and Results.................................................................................. 513

9.3.4 Configuring the R&S ZNL/ZNLE................................................................................. 538

9.4 VNA Remote Control Basics.................................................................................... 555

9.4.1 Block Data Format...................................................................................................... 555

9.4.2 Basic Remote Control Concepts................................................................................. 556

9.4.3 The IECWIN Tool........................................................................................................ 560

9.4.4 Status Reporting System............................................................................................ 561

9.5 VNA Command Reference........................................................................................574

9.5.1 Special Terms and Notation........................................................................................ 575

9.5.2 SCPI Command Reference.........................................................................................576

Contents

9.5.3 R&S ZVR/ZVAB Compatible Commands....................................................................909

9.6 VNA Programming Examples.................................................................................. 931

9.6.1 Basic Tasks................................................................................................................. 931

9.6.2 Condensed Programming Examples.......................................................................... 940

10 Troubleshooting.................................................................................961

10.1 Error Messages and Troubleshooting.....................................................................961

10.1.1 Errors during Firmware Operation...............................................................................961

10.1.2 Errors during Firmware Installation/Update.................................................................963

10.2 Collecting Information for Technical Support........................................................ 963

11 Annexes..............................................................................................965

11.1 Interfaces and Connectors.......................................................................................965

11.1.1 Rear Panel Connectors...............................................................................................965

11.1.2 GPIB Interface.............................................................................................................967

11.2 Maintenance.............................................................................................................. 970

11.2.1 Cleaning......................................................................................................................971

11.2.2 Storing and Packing the Instrument............................................................................971

Glossary: Frequently Used Terms.................................................... 972

List of Commands..............................................................................978

Index....................................................................................................994

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Contents

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

1 Preface

1.1 For Your Safety

Preface

Conventions Used in the Documentation

This chapter provides safety-related information, an overview of the user documenta­tion and the conventions used in the documentation.

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is designated for use in industrial, administrative, and laboratory
environments. Use the R&S ZNL/ZNLE only for its designated purpose. Observe the
safety and usage instructions documented in the user manual, as well as operating
conditions and performance limits stated in the data sheet.

The product documentation helps you use the R&S ZNL/ZNLE safely and efficiently.
Keep the product documentation in a safe place and pass it on to subsequent users.

Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you about potential
dangers and gives instructions how to prevent personal injury or damage caused by
dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:

●

In the "Basic Safety Instructions", safety issues are grouped according to subjects.
For example, one subject is electrical safety. The "Basic Safety Instructions" are
delivered with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in different languages in print.

●

Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation. Always read the safety instructions carefully.
Make sure to comply fully with them. Do not take risks and do not underestimate
the potential danger of small details such as a damaged power cable.

1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation

1.2.1 Typographical Conventions

The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:

Convention Description

"Graphical user interface ele­ments"

[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.

All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.

File names, commands,
program code

Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.

File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are distin­guished by their font.

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1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions

Preface

Conventions Used in the Documentation

Convention Description

Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.

"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-

tion marks.

When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to per­form the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is described.
Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked using an addition­ally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys on the instrument or
the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from the standard operating pro­cedures.

The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on the
touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on a key­board.

1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots

When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as many as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.

The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options instal­led. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your par­ticular product configuration.

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2 Documentation Overview

2.1 Getting Started Manual

Documentation Overview

Service Manual

This section provides an overview of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S ZNL/ZNLE product page at:

www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNLE.

Introduces the R&S ZNL/ZNLE and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general infor­mation, e.g. safety instructions, etc.

A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for down­load on the Internet.

2.2 User Manuals and Help

Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:

●

Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control com­mands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.

●

Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application, includ­ing remote control commands. Basic information on operating the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
is not included.

The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. The
help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit
and the firmware applications.

All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Inter­net.

2.3 Service Manual

Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replace­ment and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.

The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

2.4 Instrument Security Procedures

2.5 Basic Safety Instructions

Documentation Overview

Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)

https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/irj/portal/SearchDetailView?downloadContai­nerID=484937

ZNL service manual, ZNLE service manual

Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in secure areas. It is
available for download on the Internet.

Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.

2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures

The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. It also lists
the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.

The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific char­acteristics.

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/

brochure-datasheet/ZNLE.

2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)

The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.

The open source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/

ZNLE.

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2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers,

Documentation Overview

Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.

etc.

These documents deal with special applications or background information on particu­lar topics.

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/

ZNLE.

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3 Release Notes for Firmware V1.22

3.1 Known Issues in Firmware V1.22

Release Notes for Firmware V1.22

Changes in Firmware V1.22

The following table lists the known issues and indicates since which version the issue
could be observed:

since FW affected applications /

operating modes

V1.20 Spectrum Mode (hardware

option R&S ZNL3-B1)

Software version

► To check your R&S ZNL/ZNLE "Instrument Firmware" and "VNA Server" version,

select [SETUP] > "System Config" > "Versions + Options".

Function

In the ACLR measurement with Power Mode "Max Hold", if
the ACLR mode is changed between "lin" and "log" this set­ting only works after the next sweep start (not during contin­uous sweep).

3.2 Changes in Firmware V1.22

New Functionality

●

Shunt-thru impedance measurement "Shunt←S21"
See Shunt-thru Measurements and Shunt←S21/Probe Tip.

●

Peak searches can be limited to:
– Maxima above and minima below a configurable threshold

See "Threshold Settings" in the Marker Config Dialog and Multiple Marker Con-

fig Dialog.

– Peaks with an excursion above a configurable value

See the "Excursion Settings" in the Marker Config Dialog and in the Multiple

Marker Config Dialog.

●

New trace format Log Mag (in addition to "dB Mag")

●

New mode of automatic diagram scaling: equally formatted traces are scaled
together
See Auto Scale Diag. (Common Scale).

●

New "Info Window"
Marker and bandfilter information can be displayed in a separate, resizeable "Info

Window" with:
– configurable content
– automatic font scaling

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Release Notes for Firmware V1.22

Changes in Firmware V1.22

Modified Functionality

●

Double-tapping a VNA diagram no longer adds a marker to the diagram's active
trace, but maximizes the diagram or restores its original size.

New remote control features

●

New command [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:DISCard terminates a
system error correction, discarding the acquired data

●

New query CALCulate:LIMit:FAIL:DATA? returns the sweep points that have
failed to pass a limit line, ripple or circle test

●

The query LAYout:CATalog[:WINDow]? now also works for VNA channel set­ups

Improvements

●

Markers
– Unlimited number of markers
– Interworking of marker coupling and marker tracking
– Improved handling of overlapping segments and point based segmented

sweeps

●

The auto-hide behavior of the softtool bar can be configured.
See Pressing Hardkey Reactivates Softkey Bar.

●

Print Multiple Windows can print the info table.

●

Improved sorting in "Trace Manager"

●

For overlapping sweep segments, the line connecting the trace segments is no lon­ger shown

●

New context menu actions for trace and bandfilter search info fields:
– Close the info field or fields (and disable their calculation)
– Open the related softtool tab

●

Additional license agreement for IVI Shared Components available via "System
Configuration" dialog

Solved Issues

●

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE stopped sweeping if the start or stop frequency was queried

●

Segment list file (*.SegList) export did not include segment bits

●

Establishing a remote control connection while the "Global Check" window was
opened sometimes caused the application to crash.

●

Trace label context menus did not open related softtool tabs

●

Averaging slowed down the measurement if unused channels were present

●

Single-ended de-/embedding: selecting a network was not possible at the GUI

●

A "Generator Level out of range" error was raised for power levels below -30 dBm
instead of -40 dBm

●

The status bar displayed a charge state of 50% although the internal battery was
fully loaded.

●

Fixed markers were calculated with wrong interpolation

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Release Notes for Firmware V1.22

Changes in Firmware V1.22

Spectrum analysis changes (R&S ZNL only)

The spectrum analysis function of the R&S ZNL (with hardware option B1) and its addi­tional software options are based on firmware 1.20 of the Rohde & Schwarz spectrum
analyzer R&S FPL1000.

See the Release Notes of the R&S FPL1000 (located at https://www.rohde-

schwarz.com/firmware/fpl1000/) for a history of changes.

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4 Getting Started

4.1 Preparing for Use

4.1.1 Putting into Operation

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

● Putting into Operation............................................................................................. 19

● Windows Operating System....................................................................................27

● Connecting USB Devices........................................................................................31

● Connecting an External Monitor..............................................................................32

● Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection.................................................................34

● Configuring the Initial Instrument Settings.............................................................. 39

This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
for the first time.

Risk of injury due to disregarding safety information

Observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet
to prevent personal injury or damage to the instrument. Read and observe the basic
safety instructions provided with the instrument, in addition to the safety instructions in
the following sections. In particular:

●

Do not open the instrument casing.

Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions

Specific operating conditions are required to ensure accurate measurements and to
avoid damage to the instrument. Observe the information on appropriate operating
conditions provided in the basic safety instructions and the instrument's data sheet.

Instrument damage caused by electrostatic discharge

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage the electronic components of the instrument
and the device under test (DUT). Electrostatic discharge is most likely to occur when
you connect or disconnect a DUT or test fixture to the instrument's test ports. To pre­vent electrostatic discharge, use a wrist strap and cord and connect yourself to the
ground, or use a conductive floor mat and heel strap combination.

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Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions

An unsuitable operating site or test setup can damage the instrument and connected
devices. Before switching on the instrument, observe the information on appropriate
operating conditions provided in the data sheet. In particular, ensure the following:

●

All fan openings are unobstructed and the airflow perforations are unimpeded. The
minimum distance from the wall is 10 cm.

●

The instrument is dry and shows no sign of condensation.

●

The instrument is positioned as described in the following sections.

●

The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the data sheet.

●

Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.

●

Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.

EMI impact on measurement results

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.
To suppress generated electromagnetic interference (EMI):

●

Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example, use double-shielded RF
and LAN cables.

●

Always terminate open cable ends.

●

Note the EMC classification in the data sheet.

● Unpacking and Checking the Instrument................................................................ 20

● Accessory List.........................................................................................................21

● Placing or Mounting the Instrument........................................................................ 21

● Connecting the AC Power.......................................................................................23

● Changing the AC Supply Fuse................................................................................24

● Connecting an Optional DC Power Supply (R&S FPL1-B30)................................. 24

● Connecting an Optional Battery Pack (R&S FPL1-B31)......................................... 25

● Switching the Instrument On and Off...................................................................... 26

● Checking the Supplied Options...............................................................................27

4.1.1.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument

Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists
for the various items. Check the instrument for any damage. If there is damage, imme­diately contact the carrier who delivered the instrument. Make sure not to discard the
box and packing material.

Packing material

Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or ship­ped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.

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4.1.1.2 Accessory List

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of instrument damage during transportation and shipment

Insufficient protection against mechanical and electrostatic effects during transportation
and shipment can damage the instrument.

●

Always make sure that sufficient mechanical and electrostatic protection is provi­ded.

●

When shipping an instrument, use the original packaging. If it is not available, allow
for sufficient padding to prevent the instrument from moving around inside the box.
Pack the instrument in antistatic wrap to protect it from electrostatic charging.

●

Secure the instrument to prevent any movement and other mechanical effects dur­ing transportation.

The carrying handles are designed to lift or carry the instrument. Do not apply exces­sive external force to the handles.

The instrument comes with the following accessories:

●

Power cable

●

Printed Getting Started manual

4.1.1.3 Placing or Mounting the Instrument

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is designed for use either on a bench top or in a rack, or as a
portable instrument (with optional battery operation) in a transport bag in the field.

Bench Top Operation

If the R&S ZNL/ZNLE is operated on a bench top, the surface should be flat. The
instrument can be used in horizontal position, standing on its feet, or with the support
feet on the bottom extended.

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of injury if feet are folded out

The feet can fold in if they are not folded out completely or if the instrument is shifted.
This can cause damage or injury.

●

Fold the feet completely in or out to ensure stability of the instrument. Never shift
the instrument when the feet are folded out.

●

When the feet are folded out, do not work under the instrument or place anything
underneath.

●

The feet can break if they are overloaded. The overall load on the folded-out feet
must not exceed 200 N.

F

max

Risk of injury when stacking instruments insecurely

Never stack instruments on top of each other. The instrument's top surface area is too
small to stack multiple instruments. Stacked instruments can tilt over and cause injury
or damage the instrument.

If you need to stack instruments, install them in a rack.

Rackmounting

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE can be installed in a rack using a rack adapter kit (order no. see
data sheet). The installation instructions are part of the adapter kit.

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of instrument damage due to insufficient airflow in a rack

If the instrument is run with insufficient airflow for a longer period, the instrument over­heats, which can disturb the operation and even cause damage.

Make sure that all fan openings are unobstructed, that the airflow perforations are
unimpeded, and that the minimum distance from the wall is 10 cm.

Portable operation

An optional carrying bag designed specifically for the R&S ZNL allows you to protect
the instrument while working in the field. The bag includes ventilation areas at the posi­tion of the ventilation outlets in the casing to ensure air circulation. The transparent
cover allows you to operate the instrument without removing it from the bag. With the
help of the optional vest holster you can carry the R&S ZNL in its bag and keep your
hands free. Together with the optional battery pack (see Chapter 4.1.1.7, "Connecting

an Optional Battery Pack (R&S FPL1-B31)", on page 25), and packed in the dedica-

ted carrying bag, the R&S ZNL is ideally suited for operation directly in the field, even
in rough environments.

For details on optional accessories see the R&S ZNL data sheet.

4.1.1.4 Connecting the AC Power

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is equipped with an AC power supply connector. The R&S ZNL/
ZNLE can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself automatically to

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

4.1.1.5 Changing the AC Supply Fuse

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

it. Refer to the datasheet for the requirements of voltage and frequency. The AC power
connector is located on the rear panel of the instrument.

For details on the connector, refer to Chapter 4.2.2.2, "AC Power Supply Connection

and Main Power Switch", on page 50.

► Connect the R&S ZNL/ZNLE to the AC power supply using the supplied power

cable.
Since the instrument is assembled in line with the specifications for safety class
EN61010, it must only be connected to an outlet that has a ground contact.

If the battery option R&S FPL1-B31 is installed, an AC supply fuse is built into the AC
power supply connector. Only use fuses of the type 5A T IEC60127-2/V (order no.

0099.6735.00). Such fuses are used for all of the specified nominal AC supply vol­tages.

To change the AC supply fuses

1. Disconnect the power cable.

2. Open the flap covering the fuse holder using a small screwdriver (or similar).

3. Remove the fuse holder.

4. Remove the fuse and install the new one.

5. Reinsert the fuse holder.

6. Close the flap.

4.1.1.6 Connecting an Optional DC Power Supply (R&S FPL1-B30)

The R&S ZNL can also be equipped with an optional (internal) DC power supply
(R&S FPL1-B30). If installed, the R&S ZNL can be operated by a DC voltage of 10.4 V
to 28 V.

This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of electric shock

Insufficient insulation and exceeding the current limitation of external power supplies
for safety extra-low DC voltage (SELV) can lead to electric shock.

Be sure to meet the requirements for reinforced/double insulation in accordance with
DIN/EN/IEC 61010 (UL 3111, CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1) orDIN/EN/IEC 60950 (UL 1950,
CSA C22.2 No. 950). Provide current limitation in accordance with DIN EN 61010-1
Appendix F2.1.

DC Connection

► Connect the DC power supply on the rear panel of the R&S ZNL to the power

source using the supplied power cable.

4.1.1.7 Connecting an Optional Battery Pack (R&S FPL1-B31)

As an alternative to the fixed AC or DC power supply, the R&S ZNL can be operated
by a battery pack if the option R&S FPL1-B31 is installed. If the battery pack is instal­led and neither DC nor AC power is supplied, the R&S ZNL automatically switches to
battery operation (during operation).

This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

The R&S ZNL comes with the battery pack already installed if the battery option was
ordered together with the instrument. Otherwise, insert the battery packs in the slots at
the top of the rear panel.

The battery pack is charged directly in the R&S ZNL via the common AC or DC power
supply. The battery pack can be charged at an ambient temperature between +0 °C
and +45 °C. If the temperature is above or below these values, charging is interrupted.
If the battery temperature rises above +53 °C, charging is stopped.

When the battery is being charged in standby mode, the [Power] LED blinks. During
operation, the status bar indicates that the battery is being charged.

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4.1.1.8 Switching the Instrument On and Off

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

The battery pack is not charged in the factory. The battery pack must be charged
before it is used the first time. A new battery pack or a battery pack which has not been
used for a longer time attains full capacity after several charge/ discharge cycles.

Charging should be performed at a constant ambient temperature as temperature var­iations may cause the charger to be switched off too early.

Additional battery packs (R&S FPL1-Z4)

In addition to the internal battery pack option (R&S FPL1-B30), spare battery packs are
available for the R&S ZNL (R&S FPL1-Z4). You can exchange the batteries while the
R&S ZNL is running, as long as one battery remains in the instrument. However, it is
not recommended that you operate the R&S ZNL with only one battery for a longer
period. Additional battery packs can also be charged using the external battery charger
option R&S FSV-B34.

Switching on the instrument

1. Press the AC power switch on the rear panel to position "I".

2. Press the [Power] key on the front panel of the instrument.

The instrument operates on DC or AC power, whichever is supplied. After booting,
the instrument is ready for operation. The green [POWER] LED indicates this.
A steady orange LED indicates the instrument is in standby mode.

Warm-up time for OCXO (option R&S FPL1-B4)

When the instrument is switched on, the OCXO requires an extended warm-up time
(see data sheet).

An OCXO is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

Switching off the instrument

1. Press the [Power] key on the front panel.

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE switches to standby mode (not in battery operation).

2. For AC power operation, set the AC power switch on the rear panel to position "O".

For DC power operation, disconnect the DC power supply cable.

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE changes into off mode.

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4.1.1.9 Checking the Supplied Options

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Risk of losing data

If you switch off the running instrument using the rear panel switch or by disconnecting
the power cord, and no (charged) battery is available, the instrument loses its current
settings. Furthermore, program data may be lost.

Press the Power key first to shut down the application properly.

The instrument may be equipped with both hardware and firmware options. To check
whether the installed options correspond to the options indicated on the delivery note,
proceed as follows.

1. Press the [SETUP] key.

2. Press the "System Config" softkey.

3. Switch to the "Versions + Options" tab in the "System Configuration" dialog.

A list with hardware and firmware information is displayed.

4. Check the availability of the hardware options as indicated in the delivery note.

4.1.2 Windows Operating System

The instrument contains the Windows operating system which has been configured
according to the instrument's features and needs. Changes in the system setup are
only required when peripherals like keyboard or a printer are installed or if the network
configuration does not comply with the default settings. After the R&S ZNL/ZNLE is
started, the operating system boots and the instrument firmware is started automati­cally.

To ensure that the instrument software functions properly, certain rules must be
adhered to concerning the operating system.

Risk of rendering instrument unusable

The instrument is equipped with the Windows operating system. You can install addi­tional software on the instrument, however, additional software can impair instrument
function. Thus, run only programs that Rohde & Schwarz has tested for compatibility
with the instrument software.

The drivers and programs used on the instrument under Windows are adapted to the
instrument. Only install update software released by Rohde & Schwarz to modify exist­ing instrument software.

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4.1.2.1 Virus Protection

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

The following program packages have been tested:

●

Symantec Endpoint Security – virus-protection software

●

FileShredder - for reliable deletion of files on the hard disk

Take appropriate steps to protect your instruments from infection. Use strong firewall
settings and scan any removable storage device used with a Rohde & Schwarz instru­ment regularly. It is also recommended that you install anti-virus software on the instru­ment. Rohde & Schwarz does NOT recommend running anti-virus software in the
background ("on-access" mode) on Windows-based instruments, due to potentially
degrading instrument performance. However, Rohde & Schwarz does recommend run­ning it during non-critical hours.

For details and recommendations, see the following Rohde & Schwarz white paper:

●

1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10

4.1.2.2 Service Packs and Updates

Microsoft regularly creates security updates and other patches to protect Windows­based operating systems. These are released through the Microsoft Update website
and associated update server. Instruments using Windows, especially those that con­nect to a network, should be updated regularly.

For details and recommendations, see the Rohde & Schwarz White Paper 1EF96: Mal-

ware Protection Windows 10.

4.1.2.3 Login

Windows requires that users identify themselves by entering a user name and pass­word in a login window. By default, the R&S ZNL/ZNLE provides two user accounts:

●

"Instrument": a standard user account with limited access

●

"Administrator": an administrator account with unrestricted access to the com­puter/domain

Some administrative tasks require administrator rights (e.g. the configuration of a LAN
network). Refer to the description of the basic instrument setup ([SETUP] menu) to find
out which functions are affected.

Automatic login

For the standard instrument account, an automatic login function is active by default. If
activated, login is carried out automatically in the background when the R&S ZNL/
ZNLE is started, without having to enter a password. This function is active until an
administrator explicitly deactivates it or changes the password.

For information on how to deactivate or reactivate the automatic login, refer to "Auto-

matic Login Function" on page 29.

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Getting Started

Preparing for Use

Passwords

For all default user accounts, the initial password is 894129. Note that this password is
very weak, and it is recommended that you change the password for both users after
initial login. An administrator can change the password in Windows for any user at any
time via "Start > Settings > Account > SignIn Options > Password > Change".

Changing the password and use of auto-login function

Note that when you change the default passwords, the default auto-login function no
longer works! Reactivate it manually as described in "Reactivating the automatic login

function" on page 30.

Automatic Login Function

When shipped, the instrument automatically logs on the default "Instrument" user to
Windows using the default password.

Switching users when using the automatic login function

Which user account is used is defined during login. If automatic login is active, the
login window is not displayed. However, you can also switch the user account to be
used when the automatic login function is active.

1. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the

R&S ZNL/ZNLE (see also Chapter 4.1.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu",
on page 30).

2. Press [CTRL + ALT + DEL], then select "Sign out".

The "Login" dialog box is displayed, in which you can enter the different user
account name and password.

Deactivating the automatic login function

To deactivate the automatic login function, perform the following steps:

1. Log in to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE operating system using an administrator account

(see "Switching users when using the automatic login function" on page 29).

2. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the

R&S ZNL/ZNLE (see also Chapter 4.1.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu",
on page 30).

3. In the "Start" menu, select "All applications > Windows System > Run".

The "Run" dialog box is displayed.

4. Enter the command

C:\Users\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\ZNL\user\
NO_AUTOLOGIN.REG.

5. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm.

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This command deactivates the automatic login function. The next time you switch
on the instrument, the operating system prompts you to enter your user name and
password before it starts the firmware.

Adapting the automatic login function to a new password

If you change the "Instrument" user's password, which is used during automatic login,
this function no longer works. Adapt the settings for the command that activates the
auto login function first.

1. Open the

C:\Users\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\ZNL\user\
NO_AUTOLOGIN.REG file in any text editor (e.g. Notepad).

2. In the line "DefaultPassword"="894129", replace the default password

(894129) by the new password for automatic login.

3. Save the changes to the file.

Reactivating the automatic login function

1. Log in to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE operating system using an administrator account

(see "Switching users when using the automatic login function" on page 29).

2. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the

R&S ZNL/ZNLE (see also Chapter 4.1.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu",
on page 30).

3. In the "Start" menu, select "All applications > Windows System > Run".

The "Run" dialog box is displayed.

4. Enter the command

C:\Users\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\ZNL\user\
AUTOLOGIN.REG.

5. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm.

This command reactivates automatic login function. It is active the next time the
instrument reboots.

4.1.2.4 Accessing the Start Menu

The Windows "Start" menu provides access to the Windows functionality and installed
programs.

To open the "Start" menu:

► In Windows 10:

Press the "Windows" key or the [CTRL + ESC] key combination on your (external)
keyboard.

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4.1.2.5 Accessing the Windows Taskbar

4.1.3 Connecting USB Devices

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

All necessary system settings can be defined in the "Start > Settings" menu (for
required settings refer to the Windows documentation and to the hardware descrip­tion).

The Windows taskbar also provides quick access to commonly used programs, for
example Paint or WordPad. IECWIN, the auxiliary remote control tool provided free of
charge and installed by Rohde & Schwarz, is also available from the taskbar.

The USB interfaces of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE allow you to connect USB devices directly
to the instrument. Increase the number of possible connections using USB hubs. Due
to the large number of available USB devices, there is almost no limit to the expan­sions that are possible with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE.

The following list shows various USB devices that can be useful:

●

Memory stick for easy transfer of data to/from a computer (e.g. firmware updates)

●

CD-ROM drives for easy installation of firmware applications

●

Keyboard or mouse to simplify the entry of data, comments, filenames, etc.

●

Printer for printing measurement results

●

Power sensors, e.g. of the NRP Zxy family

Installing USB devices is easy under Windows, because all USB devices are
plug&play. After a device is connected to the USB interface, the operating system auto­matically searches for a suitable device driver.

If Windows does not find a suitable driver, it prompts you to specify a directory that
contains the driver software. If the driver software is on a CD, connect a USB CD-ROM
drive to the instrument before proceeding.

When a USB device is then disconnected from the R&S ZNL/ZNLE, Windows immedi­ately detects the change in hardware configuration and deactivates the corresponding
driver.

All USB devices can be connected to or disconnected from the instrument during oper­ation.

Connecting a memory stick or CD-ROM drive

If installation of a memory stick or CD-ROM drive is successful, Windows informs you
that the device is ready to use. The device is made available as a new drive and is dis­played in Windows Explorer. The name of the drive depends on the manufacturer.

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Connecting a keyboard

The keyboard is detected automatically when it is connected. The default input lan­guage is English – US.

However, you can also connect foreign language keyboards; currently the following
languages are supported for the R&S ZNL/ZNLE:

●

German

●

Swiss

●

French

●

Russian

Select "Start > Settings > Time & language > Region & language > Add a language" to
configure the keyboard language. To access the Windows operating system, press the
Windows key on the external keyboard.

Connecting a mouse

The mouse is detected automatically when it is connected.

Select "Start > Settings > Devices > Mouse & touchpad" to configure the mouse prop­erties. To access the Windows operating system, press the Windows key on the exter­nal keyboard.

Connecting a printer

When printing a file, the instrument checks whether a printer is connected and turned
on and whether the appropriate printer driver is installed. If necessary, printer driver
installation is initiated. You only have to install a printer driver once.

To install a printer, select "Start > Settings > Devices > Add a printer or scanner". To
access the Windows operating system, press the Windows key on the external key­board.

You can load updated and improved driver versions or new drivers from an installation
disk, USB memory stick or another external storage medium. If the instrument is inte­grated in a network, you can also install driver data stored in a network directory.

Select "Start > Settings > Devices > Device Manager > Update Device drivers" to
install the driver.

4.1.4 Connecting an External Monitor

You can connect an external monitor (or projector) to the "DVI" connector on the rear
panel of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE (see also Chapter 4.2.2.6, "DVI", on page 51).

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Screen resolution and format

The touchscreen of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE is calibrated for a 16:10 format. If you connect
a monitor or projector using a different format (e.g. 4:3), the calibration will not be cor­rect and the screen will not react to your touch actions properly.

The touchscreen has a screen resolution of 1280x800 pixels. Most external monitors
have a higher screen resolution. If the screen resolution of the monitor is set higher
than the instrument's resolution, the application window uses an area of 1280x800 pix­els on the monitor display. For full screen display, adjust the monitor's screen resolu­tion.

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE supports a minimum resolution of 1280x768 pixels.

1. Connect the external monitor to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE.

2. Press the [SETUP] key.

3. Press the "Display" softkey.

4. Select the "Configure Monitor" tab in the "Display" dialog box.

The standard Windows "Screen Resolution" dialog box is displayed.

5. If necessary, change the screen resolution to be used. Consider the information in

the note above.

6. Select the instrument to be used for display:

● "Display 1" : internal monitor only

● "Display 2" : external monitor only

● "Duplicate" : both internal and external monitor

7. Tap "Apply" to try out the settings before they are accepted permanently, then you

can easily return to the previous settings, if necessary.

8. Select "OK" if the settings are suitable.

Fixing a wrong touchscreen mapping

For instruments that are equipped with a system image version < 0.8, the touchscreen
function is erroneously mapped to the external monitor by default. This mismatch is

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particularly inconvenient in extended display mode, where touch gestures on the
instrument screen actually operate on the external screen. In duplicate monitor mode,
touch screen operation also malfunctions if the resolutions of the internal and external
display do not match.

To fix the mapping between touchscreen and display, connect an external monitor to
the R&S ZNL/ZNLE and proceed as follows:

1. Select [Setup] > "Display" > "Configure Monitor" > "Display Switch" to bring up the

Windows 10 "PROJECT" notification window.
Or press [Win]+[P] on a connected keyboard.

2. Select "Extend".

3. In the Windows task bar, search for "tablet" and select "Tablet PC Settings"

4. In the "Tablet PC Settings" dialog, select "Setup…". Enter the administrator pass-

word to proceed.
Observe the message "Touch this screen to identify it as the touchscreen" on the

internal touch screen.

5. Tap on the internal touch screen.

6. Press [ENTER].

Observe the message "Touch this screen to identify it as the touchscreen" on the
external screen.

7. If the external monitor is also a touchscreen, tap on it.

8. Press [ENTER].

Touch screen operation functions correctly now. Use the "PROJECT" flyout again
to select the appropriate display mode.

Refer to the "Versions + Options" tab of the [Setup] > "System Configuration" dialog to
determine the "Image" version of your instrument.

4.1.5 Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection

A LAN connection is the prerequisite for all network operations. The LAN connection
settings can be configured directly in the Windows operating system.

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is equipped with a network interface and can be connected to an
Ethernet LAN (local area network). Provided the network administrator has assigned
you the appropriate rights and adapted the Windows firewall configuration, you can use
the interface, for example:

●

To transfer data between a controlling device and the test device, e.g. to run a
remote control program.
See chapter "Remote Control".

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●

To access or control the measurement from a remote computer using the "Remote
Desktop" application (or a similar tool)

●

To connect external network devices (e.g. printers)

●

To transfer data from a remote computer and back, e.g. using network folders

This section describes how to configure the LAN interface. It includes the following top­ics:

●

Chapter 4.1.5.1, "Connecting the Instrument to the Network", on page 35

●

Chapter 4.1.5.2, "Assigning the IP Address", on page 36

LXI

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE supports the LXI core features. LXI gives you direct access to the
LAN settings described below.

For further information on the LXI interface, refer to Chapter 6.4.4.4, "LXI Settings",
on page 161.

4.1.5.1 Connecting the Instrument to the Network

There are two methods to establish a LAN connection to the instrument:

●

A non-dedicated network (Ethernet) connection from the instrument to an existing
network made with an ordinary RJ-45 network cable. The instrument is assigned
an IP address and can coexist with a computer and with other hosts on the same
network.

●

A dedicated network connection (Point-to-point connection) between the instru­ment and a single computer made with a (crossover) RJ-45 network cable. The
computer must be equipped with a network adapter and is directly connected to the
instrument. The use of hubs, switches, or gateways is not required, however, data
transfer is still performed using the TCP/IP protocol. You must assign an IP
address to the instrument and the computer, see Chapter 4.1.5.2, "Assigning the IP

Address", on page 36.

Note: As the R&S ZNL/ZNLE uses a 1 GBit LAN, a crossover cable is not neces-
sary (due to Auto-MDI(X) functionality).

Risk of network failure

Consult your network administrator before performing the following tasks:

●

Connecting the instrument to the network

●

Configuring the network

●

Changing IP addresses

Errors can affect the entire network.

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4.1.5.2 Assigning the IP Address

Getting Started

Preparing for Use

► To establish a non-dedicated network connection, connect a commercial RJ-45

cable to one of the LAN ports.
To establish a dedicated connection, connect a (crossover) RJ-45 cable between
the instrument and a single PC.

If the instrument is connected to the LAN, Windows automatically detects the network
connection and activates the required drivers.

The network card can be operated with a 1 GBit Ethernet IEEE 802.3u interface.

Depending on the network capacities, the TCP/IP address information for the instru­ment can be obtained in different ways.

●

If the network supports dynamic TCP/IP configuration using the Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP), all address information can be assigned automati­cally.

●

If the network does not support DHCP, or if the instrument is set to use alternate
TCP/IP configuration, the addresses must be set manually.

By default, the instrument is configured to use dynamic TCP/IP configuration and
obtain all address information automatically. This means that it is safe to establish a
physical connection to the LAN without any previous instrument configuration.

Risk of network errors

Connection errors can affect the entire network. If your network does not support
DHCP, or if you choose to disable dynamic TCP/IP configuration, you must assign valid
address information before connecting the instrument to the LAN. Contact your net­work administrator to obtain a valid IP address.

Assigning the IP address on the instrument

1. Press the [SETUP] key.

2. Press the "Network + Remote" softkey.

3. Select the "Network" tab.

4. In the "Network + Remote" dialog, toggle the "DHCP On/Off" setting to the required

mode.
If DHCP is "Off", you must enter the IP address manually, as described in the fol­lowing steps.
Note: When DHCP is changed from "On" to "Off", the previously set IP address
and subnet mask are retrieved.
If DHCP is "On", the IP address of the DHCP server is obtained automatically. The
configuration is saved, and you are prompted to restart the instrument. You can
skip the remaining steps.

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Note: When a DHCP server is used, a new IP address may be assigned each time
the instrument is restarted. This address must first be determined on the instrument
itself. Thus, when using a DHCP server, it is recommended that you use the per­manent computer name, which determines the address via the DNS server
(See "Using a DNS server to determine the IP address" on page 37 and Chap-

ter 4.1.5.3, "Using Computer Names", on page 38).

5. Enter the "IP Address", for example 192.0.2.0. The IP address consists of four

number blocks separated by dots. Every block contains a maximum of 3 numbers.

6. Enter the "Subnet Mask", for example 255.255.255.0. The subnet mask consists of

four number blocks separated by dots. Every block contains a maximum of 3 num­bers.

7. Select "Configure Network".

If you have entered an invalid IP address or subnet mask, the message "out of
range" is displayed in the status line. If the settings are correct, the configuration is
saved, and you are prompted to restart the instrument.

8. Confirm the displayed message ("Yes" button) to restart the instrument.

Using a DNS server to determine the IP address

If a DNS server is configured on the R&S ZNL/ZNLE, the server can determine the cur­rent IP address for the connection using the permanent computer name.

1. Obtain the name of your DNS domain and the IP addresses of the DNS and WINS

servers on your network.

2. Press the "Windows" key on the external keyboard or the [CTRL + ESC] key com-

bination on your keyboard to access the operating system.

3. Select "Start > Settings > Network & Internet > Ethernet > Network and Sharing

Center > Connections: Ethernet".

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4. In the "Ethernet Status" dialog box, select the "Properties" button.

The items used by the LAN connection are displayed.

5. Tap the entry named "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)" to highlight it.

6. Select the "Properties" button.

7. On the "General" tab, select "Use the following DNS server addresses" and enter

your own DNS addresses.

For more information, refer to the Windows operating system help.

4.1.5.3 Using Computer Names

In a LAN that uses a DNS server (Domain Name System server), each PC or instru­ment connected in the LAN can be accessed via an unambiguous computer name
instead of the IP address. The DNS server translates the host name to the IP address.
This is especially useful when a DHCP server is used, as a new IP address may be
assigned each time the instrument is restarted.

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Each instrument is delivered with an assigned computer name, but this name can be
changed.

The default instrument name is a non-case-sensitive string with the following syntax:

<Type><variant>-<serial_number>

The serial number can be found on the rear panel of the instrument. It is the third part
of the device ID printed on the bar code sticker:

For example, ZNL3-123456

To change the computer name

1. Press the [Setup] key and then the "Network + Remote" softkey.

The current "Computer Name" is displayed in the "Network" tab.

2. Enter the new computer name.

3. Close the dialog box.

4.1.5.4 Changing the Windows Firewall Settings

A firewall protects an instrument by preventing unauthorized users from gaining access
to it through a network. Rohde & Schwarz highly recommends the use of the firewall on
your instrument. Rohde & Schwarz instruments are shipped with the Windows firewall
enabled and preconfigured in such a way that all ports and connections for remote
control are enabled.

For more details on firewall configuration, see the following Rohde & Schwarz White
Paper:

●

1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10

Note that changing firewall settings requires administrator rights.

4.1.6 Configuring the Initial Instrument Settings

This section describes how to set up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE initially. For further basic
instrument settings, see the R&S ZNL/ZNLE User Manual.

● Setting the User Interface Language...................................................................... 40

● Setting the Date and Time...................................................................................... 40

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4.1.6.1 Setting the User Interface Language

4.1.6.2 Setting the Date and Time

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

The user interface to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE is available in several languages.

Changing the user interface language

1. Press the [SETUP] key.

2. Press the "Language" softkey.

3. Select the required language.

All text elements of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE user interface are displayed in the selected
language.

Texts in standard Windows dialog boxes are displayed in the language defined in the
regional settings of the Windows operating system.

Users with administrator rights can set the date and time for the internal real time clock
as follows:

Opening the Date and Time Properties dialog box

1. Press the [SETUP] key.

2. Press the "Display" softkey.

3. Select the "General" tab in the "Display" dialog box.

4. Press the "Set Date and Time" button to open the standard Windows "Date and

Time Properties" dialog box.

5. If necessary, toggle the "Date and Time Format" between German (DE) and US.

After you have changed the setting and closed the dialog box, the instrument
adopts the new date and time.

4.2 Instrument Tour

4.2.1 Front Panel View

This chapter describes the front panel, including all function keys and connectors.

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3

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

5

4

6 7

2

1

Figure 4-1: Front panel view

1 = Power key
2 = USB (2.0) connectors
3 = System keys
4 = Touchscreen
5 = Function keys
6 = Keypad
7 = Navigation controls
8 = Port 1
9 = Port 2 / RF Input 50 Ω connector

Instrument damage caused by cleaning agents

Cleaning agents contain substances such as solvents (thinners, acetone, etc.), acids,
bases, or other substances. Solvents can damage the front panel labeling, plastic
parts, or screens, for example.

Never use cleaning agents to clean the outside of the instrument. Use a soft, dry, lint­free dust cloth instead.

8 9

4.2.1.1 Touchscreen

All measurement results are displayed on the screen on the front panel. Additionally,
the screen display provides status and setting information and allows you to switch
between various measurement tasks. The screen is touch-sensitive, offering an alter­native means of user interaction for quick and easy handling of the instrument.

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21

4

5

6 7

8

Figure 4-2: Touchscreen elements

1 = Toolbar with standard application functions, e.g. print, save/open file etc.
2 = Tabs for individual channel setups
3 = Softtool panel (a.k.a. softkey bar)
4 = Window title bar with diagram-specific (trace) information
5 = Measurement results (diagram) area
6 = Channel list
7 = Diagram footer with diagram-specific information
8 = Instrument status bar for error messages and date/time display

3

A touchscreen is a screen that is touch-sensitive, that is: the firmware reacts in a speci­fied way when you move your fingers on the screen. Using touchscreen gestures, you
can perform the following tasks (among others).

(See Chapter 4.3, "Trying Out the Instrument", on page 53)

●

Changing a setting

●

Changing the display

●

Changing the displayed result range in a diagram

●

Moving a marker

●

Zooming into a diagram

●

Selecting a new evaluation method

●

Scrolling through a result list or table

●

Saving or printing results and settings

To imitate a right-click by mouse using the touchscreen, for example to open a context­sensitive menu for a specific item, press the screen for about 1 second.

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4.2.1.2 Power Key

4.2.1.3 USB

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

For details on touchscreen gestures see Chapter 4.4.4, "Touchscreen Gestures",
on page 80.

The [Power] key is located on the lower left corner of the front panel. It starts up and
shuts down the instrument.

See also Chapter 4.1.1.8, "Switching the Instrument On and Off", on page 26.

The front panel provides two female USB connectors (USB-A, 2.0 standard) to connect
devices like a keyboard or a mouse. A memory stick can be connected to store and
reload instrument settings and measurement data.

The rear panel provides further USB connectors (standard 3.0), see Chapter 4.2.2.8,

"USB", on page 51.

4.2.1.4 System Keys

[System] keys set the instrument to a predefined state, change basic settings, and pro­vide print and display functions.

A detailed description of the corresponding functions is provided in the User Manual.

Table 4-1: System keys

System key Assigned functions

[Preset] Resets the instrument to the default state.

[Setup]

[Mode] Manages channel setups

[Print] Provides configuration settings for the print function

[FILE] Provides save/recall functions for instrument settings and measurement

Provides basic instrument configuration functions, e.g.:

●

Reference frequency (external/internal)

●

Date, time, display configuration

●

LAN interface

●

Firmware update and enabling of options

●

Information about instrument configuration incl. firmware version and
system error messages

●

Service support functions (self-test etc.)

●

Self-alignment (with spectrum analysis option)

R&S ZNL only!

results

Switches between the on-screen keyboard display:

●

At the top of the screen

●

At the bottom of the screen

●

Off

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4.2.1.5 Function Keys

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Function keys provide access to the most common measurement settings and func­tions.

A detailed description of the corresponding functions is provided in the User Manual.

The labels indicated in italics (blue font color on the instrument) apply to the optional
Spectrum mode only.

This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

Table 4-2: Function keys

Function key Assigned functions

[Freq] Defines the sweep range. Sets the center frequency and the start

[Span] Sets the frequency span to be analyzed

[Scale]

[Ampt]

[Mkr] Defines and positions absolute and relative measurement markers (markers and delta

[Mkr->] Used for search functions of the measurement markers (maximum/minimum of the

VNA mode SA mode

(R&S ZNL only)

and stop frequencies for the frequency
range under consideration. This key is
also used to set the frequency offset and
the signal track function.

Defines the scaling and zooming of dia­gram(s).

markers).
Selects special marker functions

trace).
Assigns the marker frequency to the center frequency, and the marker level to the ref-

erence level.
Restricts the search area (Search Limits) and characterizes the maximum points and

minimum points (Peak Excursion).

Sets the reference level, the displayed
dynamic range, the RF attenuation and
the unit for the level display

Sets the level offset and the input impe­dance

[Bw Avg Power] Defines the power of the internal signal

sources, selects the (optional) receiver
step attenuators and the IF bandwidths,
and sets up averaging.

[Sweep] Defines the sweep type and other sweep

parameters; controls sweep execution.

[Trace] Configures the graphical analysis of measurement results.

[Trig] Defines how measurement sweeps are

triggered.

Sets the resolution bandwidth and the
video bandwidth.

Sets the sweep time and the number of
measurement points

Selects continuous measurement or sin­gle measurement

Sets the trigger mode, the trigger thresh­old, the trigger delay, and the gate con­figuration in the case of gated sweep

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Function key Assigned functions

[Offset Embed] Contains functions for deembedding/

[Meas] Selects the quantities to be measured and displayed.

[Format]

[Config]

[Display Lines] Configures display lines and limit lines.

[Cal]

[Single]

[Channel]

[Cont]

4.2.1.6 Keypad

The keypad is used to enter numeric parameters, including the corresponding units. It
contains the following keys:

VNA mode SA mode

(R&S ZNL only)

Performs a peak search for active
embedding the DUT from/into physical/
virtual (matching) networks placed
between the calibrated reference plane
and the DUT.

Selects the trace format (dB magnitude,
Smith, etc.).

Provides all functions related to system
error calibration.

Creates and deletes channel setups and
optimize the measurement process.

marker. If no marker is active, normal

marker 1 is activated and the peak

search is performed for it.

Configure measurements and data input

and output

Starts and stops a single new measure-

ment (Single Sweep Mode)

Starts and stops a continuous measure-

ment (Continuous Sweep Mode)

Table 4-3: Keys on the keypad

Type of key Description

Decimal point Inserts a decimal point "." at the cursor position.

Sign key Changes the sign of a numeric parameter. In the case of an alphanu-

meric parameter, inserts a "-" at the cursor position.

Unit keys
(G/n, M/μ, k/m, x1)

[ESC] Closes all kinds of dialog boxes, if the edit mode is not active. Quits the

Adds the selected unit to the entered numeric value and complete the
entry.

In the case of level entries (e.g. in dB) or dimensionless values, all units
have the value "1" as multiplying factor. Thus, they have the same func­tion as an [ENTER] key.

edit mode, if the edit mode is active. In dialog boxes that contain a "Can­cel" button it activates that button.

For "Edit" dialog boxes the following mechanism is used:

●

If data entry has been started, it retains the original value and
closes the dialog box.

●

If data entry has not been started or has been completed, it closes
the dialog box.

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4.2.1.7 Navigation Controls

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Type of key Description

If an alphanumeric entry has already been started, this key deletes the
character to the left of the cursor.

(BACKSPACE)

●

[ENTER]

Concludes the entry of dimensionless entries. The new value is
accepted.

●

With other entries, this key can be used instead of the "Hz/dB" unit
key.

●

In a dialog box, selects the default or focused element.

The navigation controls include a rotary knob and navigation keys. They allow you to
navigate within the display or within dialog boxes.

Navigating in tables

The easiest way to navigate within tables (both in result tables and configuration
tables) is to scroll through the entries with your finger on the touchscreen.

Rotary Knob

The rotary knob has several functions:

●

For numeric entries: increments (clockwise direction) or decrements (counter­clockwise direction) the instrument parameter at a defined step width

●

In lists: toggles between entries

●

For markers, limit lines, and other graphical elements on the screen: moves their
position

●

For active scroll bars: moves the scroll bar vertically

●

For dialog boxes: Acts like the [ENTER] key when pressed

Navigation Keys

The navigation keys can be used alternatively to the rotary knob to navigate through
dialog boxes, diagrams or tables.

Arrow Up/Arrow Down Keys

The <arrow up> or <arrow down> keys do the following:

●

For numeric entries: increments (Arrow Up) or decrements (Arrow Down) the
instrument parameter at a defined step width

●

In a list: scrolls forward and backward through the list entries

●

In a table: moves the selection bar vertically

●

In windows or dialog boxes with a vertical scroll bar: moves the scroll bar

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4.2.1.8 Port 1 and Port 2

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Arrow Left/Arrow Right Keys

The <arrow left> or <arrow right> keys do the following:

●

In an alphanumeric edit dialog box, move the cursor.

●

In a list, scroll forward and backward through the list entries.

●

In a table, move the selection bar horizontally.

●

In windows or dialog boxes with horizontal scroll bar, move the scroll bar.

Numbered type N female connectors.

The test ports serve as outputs for the RF stimulus signal and as inputs for the mea­sured RF signals from the DUT (response signals).

●

With a single test port, it is possible to generate a stimulus signal and measure the
response signal in reflection. For a measurement example refer to Chapter 4.3.1.2,

"Reflection S-Parameter Measurement", on page 60.

●

With 2 test ports, it is possible to perform full two-port measurements; see Chap-

ter 7.3.1, "S-Parameters", on page 214.

Maximum input levels

The maximum input levels at all test ports according to the front panel labeling or the
data sheet must not be exceeded.

In addition, the maximum input voltages of the other input connectors at the rear panel
must not be exceeded.

It is recommended that you use a torque wrench when screwing RF cables on the test
port connectors.

In Spectrum mode or any other application (R&S ZNL only), Port 2 is used as RF

INPUT 50 Ω.

4.2.1.9 RF INPUT 50 Ω

Connect a device under test (DUT) to the R&S ZNL to provide RF input which is then
analyzed in an RF measurement. Connect the DUT to the "RF Input" on the R&S ZNL
via a cable equipped with an appropriate connector.

For the R&S ZNLE the Spectrum mode is not available and hence this connector is
always used as VNA Port 2.

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4.2.2 Rear Panel View

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Risk of instrument damage

Do not overload the input. For maximum allowed values, see the data sheet. A DC
input voltage of 50 V must never be exceeded.

This figure shows the rear panel view of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. The individual elements
are described in more detail in the subsequent sections.

21

3

4

10

11

12

9

Figure 4-3: Rear panel view R&S ZNL

1+2 = Removable, rechargeable Li-Ion Battery Packs
3 = DC power supply
4 = AC Power Supply Connection and Main Power Switch with fuse
5 = GPIB (IEC 625) interface
6 = Reference clock connectors
7 = Trigger input connector
8 = "DVI" connector for external display
9 = "LAN" connector
10 = "USB" (3.0) connectors
11 = NRP Power Sensor connector *)
12 = Headphones connector *)
13 = Aux. Port serving as VNA user port or SA auxiliary port *)
14 = "IF/VIDEO OUT" connector *)
15 = NOISE SOURCE CONTROL *)

5

6

138

14 15

7

*) requires the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.

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Getting Started

Instrument Tour

2

1

5 7

6

Figure 4-4: Rear panel view R&S ZNLE

1 = AC Power Supply Connection and Main Power Switch
2 = GPIB ("IEC") interface
3 = Reference clock connectors
4 = Trigger input connector
5 = "DVI" connector for external display
6 = "LAN" connector
7 = "USB" (3.0) connectors

4.2.2.1 Li-Ion Battery Packs and DC Power Connector

With the Li-Ion battery pack (option R&S FPL1-B31), the R&S ZNL can be operated
independently of an AC or DC power supply. The instrument can house 2 Li-Ion battery
packs which can be charged both via AC or DC power supply.

3

4

The DC power supply (option R&S FPL1-B30) can be connected alternatively to the
AC power supply. DC power supplies from +12 V to +24 V and from 13 A to 6.5 A can
be used. The connector is supplied with the accessories and is connected according to
the following diagram:

1 2

3

Pin Description

1 Plus

2 Ground

3 Not used

These options are not available for the R&S ZNLE.

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4.2.2.2 AC Power Supply Connection and Main Power Switch

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Risk of electric shock!

If external power supply units for supplying safety extra-low DC voltage (SELV) to the
instrument are used, the requirements for reinforced/double insulation in accordance
with DIN/EN/IEC 61010 (UL 3111, CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1) or DIN/EN/IEC 60950 (UL
1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950) must be met. Current limitation must be provided in accord­ance with DIN EN 61010-1 Appendix F2.1.

Otherwise there is a risk of electric shock.

An AC power supply connector and main power switch are located in a unit on the rear
panel of the instrument.

Main power switch function:

Position 1: The instrument is in operation.

Position O: The entire instrument is disconnected from the AC power supply.

For details, refer to Chapter 4.1.1.4, "Connecting the AC Power", on page 23.

4.2.2.3 GPIB Interface

The optional GPIB interface (R&S FPL1-B10) is in compliance with IEEE488 and
SCPI. A computer for remote control can be connected via this interface. To set up the
connection, a shielded cable is recommended.

For details see "Interfaces and Connectors" in the appendix of the user manual or
online help.

For details see Chapter 11.1.2, "GPIB Interface", on page 967.

4.2.2.4 Ref. In / Ref. Out

The Ref. In connectors are used to provide an external reference signal to the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE.

The Ref. Out connectors can be used to provide a reference signal from the R&S ZNL/
ZNLE to other devices that are connected to this instrument.

Various connectors are provided for different reference signals:

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Getting Started

Instrument Tour

Connector Reference signal Usage

Ref. In 10 MHz

Ref. Out 10 MHz

4.2.2.5 Trigger In

Use the female Trigger In connector to input an external trigger or gate data. Thus, you
can control the measurement using an external signal. The voltage level is 1.4 V. The
typical input impedance is 10 kΩ.

4.2.2.6 DVI

You can connect an external monitor or other display device to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE via
the DVI (Digital visual interface) connector to provide an enlarged display.

For details, see Chapter 4.1.4, "Connecting an External Monitor", on page 32.

4.2.2.7 LAN

10 dBm

10 dBm

To provide an external reference signal on the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE.

To provide the internal reference signal from the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE to another device continuously.

For the R&S ZNL this is also used to provide the
optional OCXO reference signal to another device.

The "LAN" interface can be used to connect the R&S ZNL/ZNLE to a local network for
remote control, printouts or data transfer. The assignment of the RJ-45 connector sup­ports twisted-pair category 5 UTP/STP cables in a star configuration (UTP stands for
unshielded twisted pair, and STP for shielded twisted pair).

For details, see Chapter 6.4, "Network and Remote Settings", on page 148.

4.2.2.8 USB

The rear panel provides two additional female USB (3.0 standard) connectors to con­nect devices like a keyboard, a mouse or a memory stick (see also Chapter 4.2.2.8,

"USB", on page 51).

4.2.2.9 Sensor Connector

The LEMOSA female connector is used to connect power sensors of the R&S NRP­Zxy family. For a detailed list of supported sensors, see the data sheet.

This connector is provided by the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

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4.2.2.10 Aux. Port

Getting Started

Instrument Tour

A 25-pole D-Sub connector used as an input and output for low-voltage TTL control
signals. Can either be used as VNA User Port (max. 3.3 V) or SA Aux. Port (max. 5 V).
At the FW GUI this can be set via [Setup] > "System Config" > "Add Interfaces" > "Port
Configuration".

13 1

25

This connector is provided by the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.
For details see Chapter 11.1.1.1, "Aux. Port", on page 965.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

Short-circuit hazard

Always observe the designated pin assignment. A short-circuit can damage the port.

4.2.2.11 IF/Video Output

The female BNC connector can be used for various outputs in the Spectrum applica­tion:

●

Intermediate frequency (IF) output of approximately 20 MHz

●

Video output (1V)

14

Which output is provided is defined in the software ("Overview" > "Output" ).

●

This connector is provided by the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

●

The IF/Video Output interface is only functional in Spectrum mode (option
R&S ZNL3|6-B1)

●

Interruptions in analog output may occur if you switch between a VNA and a spec­trum application, due to the separate hardware. In particular, if you run a sequence
of measurements including both measurement types, switching between both
modes can interrupt the signal from the output connector.

●

The "Spectrum Analysis" option for the R&S ZNL6 (R&S ZNL6-B1) is not yet avail­able.

For details, see the R&S ZNL/ZNLE Spectrum Mode User Manual.

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4.2.2.12 Headphones Connector

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

The Spectrum Mode provides demodulators for AM, FM and PM signals, which can be
routed to the headphone connector. With headphones or an external loudspeaker con­nected to the 3.5 mm headphone socket the displayed signal can be identified acousti­cally.

●

This connector is provided by the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

●

The headphones connector is only functional in Spectrum mode (option
R&S ZNL3|6-B1).
It can not be used to output sounds that are generated via Windows audio APIs. In
order to hear those sounds, connect an USB audio device to the instrument or
operate it via remote desktop.

●

Interruptions in analog output may occur if you switch between a VNA and a spec­trum application, due to the separate hardware. In particular, if you run a sequence
of measurements including both measurement types, switching between both
modes can interrupt the signal from the output connector.

●

The "Spectrum Analysis" option for the R&S ZNL6 (R&S ZNL6-B1) is not yet avail­able.

For details, see the R&S ZNL/ZNLE Spectrum Mode User Manual.

4.2.2.13 Noise Source Control

The Noise Source Control female connector is used to provide the supply voltage for
an external noise source. For example, use it to measure the noise figure and gain of
amplifiers and frequency converting devices.

●

This connector is provided by the "Additional Interfaces" option R&S FPL1-B5.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.

●

The Noise Source Control interface is only functional in Spectrum mode (option
R&S ZNL3|6-B1)

●

The "Spectrum Analysis" option for the R&S ZNL6 (R&S ZNL6-B1) is not yet avail­able.

Conventional noise sources require a voltage of +28 V to be switched on and 0 V to be
switched off. The output supports a maximum load of 100 mA.

4.3 Trying Out the Instrument

This chapter introduces the most important functions and settings of the R&S ZNL/
ZNLE step by step. The complete description of the functionality and its usage is given

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4.3.1 Performing Measurements

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

in the R&S ZNL/ZNLE User Manual. Basic instrument operation is described in Chap-

ter 4.4, "Operating the Instrument", on page 74.

Prerequisites

●

The instrument is set up, connected to the mains system, and started up as descri­bed in Chapter 4.1, "Preparing for Use", on page 19.

● Performing Measurements......................................................................................54

● Zooming into the Display.........................................................................................61

● Saving Settings....................................................................................................... 62

● Printing and Saving Results....................................................................................64

● Activating Additional Channel Setups..................................................................... 65

● Trying Out Spectrum Mode.....................................................................................67

● Performing Sequential Measurements....................................................................73

This chapter takes you through a sample session with a R&S ZNL/ZNLE network ana­lyzer and describes basic operation tasks.

Safety considerations

Before starting any measurement on your network analyzer, please note the instruc­tions given in Chapter 4.1.1, "Putting into Operation", on page 19.

Use the "S-Parameter Wizard" accessible via [Meas] > "S-Params" > "S-Param Wiz­ard..." to measure S-parameters in a straightforward way. The wizard provides a series
of dialogs where you can select the test setup, screen configuration and measurement
parameters, configure the essential channel settings and perform a guided calibration.

Measurement stages in the wizard

The individual dialogs of the "S-Parameter Wizard" correspond to the typical stages of
any measurement:

1. Select the test setup.

2. Define port impedances.

3. Select the measurement parameters and the diagrams.

4. Define the sweep range.

5. Adjust the receiver and source settings (measurement bandwidth, source power).

6. Perform a calibration.

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4.3.1.1 Transmission S-Parameter Measurement

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

In a transmission measurement, the analyzer transmits a stimulus signal to the input
port of the device under test (DUT) and measures the transmitted wave at the DUT's
output port. The trace settings allow you to select the measured quantities and display
formats, depending on what you want to learn from the data. A minimum of two ana­lyzer test ports are required for transmission measurements.

In the following example, the analyzer is set up for a two-port transmission measure­ment. A frequency sweep range is selected, the instrument is calibrated and the mea­surement result is analyzed using various display formats.

Connecting the Instrument for Transmission Measurements

To prepare a transmission measurement, you have to connect your DUT (which for
simplicity we assume to have appropriate connectors) in-between a pair of analyzer
test ports. It is recommended that you preset the R&S ZNL/ZNLE to start from a well­defined instrument state.

1. Connect the DUT between test ports 1 and 2 of the network analyzer as shown
above.

2. Switch on the instrument and start the VNA application.
Proceed as described in Chapter 4.1.1.8, "Switching the Instrument On and Off",
on page 26.

3. Use the [Preset] key to restore a well-defined instrument state.
The analyzer is now set to its default state. The default measured quantity is the

transmission S-parameter S21.

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Select [Trace] and use the control elements in the "Traces" softtool tab if you wish to
create additional traces and diagrams.

Selecting the Sweep Range and Other Parameters

After a system preset the display shows a diagram with a dB magnitude scale, and the
S-parameter S21 is selected as a measured quantity. This S-parameter is the forward

transmission coefficient of the DUT. It is defined as the ratio of the transmitted wave at
the DUT's output port (port no. 2) to the incident wave at the DUT's input port (port no.

1).

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE automatically adjusts its internal source and receiver to the
selected measured quantities: For an S21 measurement, a stimulus signal (termed a1)

is transmitted at the analyzer port no. 1; the transmitted wave (termed b2) is measured
at port 2. The stimulus signal from the analyzer port no. 2 is not needed except for

some calibration types.

By default the sweep range is set to the frequency range of the analyzer, which can be
unsuitable for your DUT. The following procedure shows you how to configure a
smaller sweep range.

1. Select [Freq] and set the "Start Frequency" to the lowest frequency you want to
measure (e.g. 1.77 GHz). For convenient data entry, double-tap/click the input field
to open the "Numeric Editor".

Tip: If you use the keypad at the front panel for data entry, type [1][.][7][7] and ter­minate the entry with the [G/n] key.
Refer to Chapter 4.4.3, "Entering Data", on page 79 to learn more about entering
numeric values and characters.

2. In the "Stop Frequency" input field, enter the highest frequency you want to mea­sure (e.g. 2.5 GHz).

3. Select [Scale] > "Scale Values" and activate the "Auto Scale Trace" function. The
analyzer adjusts the scale of the diagram to fit in the entire S21 trace, leaving an

appropriate display margin.

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Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

Calibrating the Instrument

Calibration (system error correction) is the process of eliminating systematic, reprodu­cible errors from the measurement results. E.g., in the current test setup, the connect­ing cables between the analyzer ports and the DUT introduce an attenuation and a
phase shift of the waves. Both effects impair the accuracy of the S-parameter mea­surement.

The analyzer provides a wide range of sophisticated calibration methods for all types of
measurements. The calibration method to select depends on the expected system
errors, the accuracy requirements of the measurement, on the test setup and on the
types of calibration standards available.

The following example requires a calibration kit with a male Through standard with
known transmission characteristics for the related test port connector type and gender.
With a single Through, it is possible to perform a transmission normalization, compen­sating for a frequency-dependent attenuation and phase shift in the signal paths.

Due to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE's calibration wizard, calibration is a straightforward, guided
process.

1. Replace the DUT by the Through standard of your calibration kit.

2. Select [Cal] > "Start... (Manual)" to open the "Calibration Setting" wizard.

3. Select the port combination Port 1 (P1) and Port 2 (P2) and the calibration type
"Trans Norm". Make sure to define port 1 as the source port.

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4. Select "Next" to proceed to the next page of the "Calibration Setting" wizard.

5. Select the test port connector type and gender (here: N 50 Ω, female, correspond­ing to a male Through standard) and the calibration kit (here: R&S ZV-Z121), then
click "Start".

6. The "Calibration" dock widget indicates the standard measurements that make up
a "Trans Norm" calibration.
Select "Through (mm)" to initiate the measurement of the connected Through stan­dard. Measuring the isolation between ports 1 and 2 is optional. Skip it for now.

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Trying Out the Instrument

The analyzer performs a calibration sweep for the measured quantity S21. The
magnitude and phase of the result is displayed in two diagrams, together with the

expected typical result for a Through standard. The similarity of real and expected
traces indicates that the Through standard has been properly connected. After the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE has completed the calibration sweep and calculated the correction
data, the "Apply" button is enabled.

7. Select "Apply" to close the wizard and apply the system error correction to the cur­rent channel.

A "Cal" label appears in the trace list.

To proceed with the measurement, remove the Through standard and connect the DUT
again.

Evaluating Data

The analyzer provides various tools to optimize the display and analyze the measure­ment data. For instance, you can use markers to determine maxima and minima on the
trace, and change the display format to obtain information about the group delay of the
transmitted wave.

1. Select [Mkr] > [Mkr] > "Mkr 1".
This places marker "M1" to its default position (center of the sweep range). A
marker symbol (triangle) appears on the trace, a marker info field in the upper right
corner of the diagram. The marker info field displays the stimulus value (frequency)
and response value (magnitude of the transmission coefficient converted to a dB
value) at the marker position.

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Trying Out the Instrument

2. Open the [Mkr->] > "Peak" softtool tab and activate "Min" search.
The marker jumps to the absolute minimum of the curve in the entire sweep range.
The marker info field shows the coordinates of the new marker position.

3. Select [Format] and choose the "Delay" of the transmission coefficient as displayed
quantity.

The group delay represents the propagation time of the wave through the DUT; it is
displayed in a Cartesian diagram. The marker info field shows the frequency and
group delay at the marker position.

Refer to Chapter 7.2.3, "Trace Formats", on page 205 to learn more about the diagram
properties.

4.3.1.2 Reflection S-Parameter Measurement

In a reflection measurement, the analyzer transmits a stimulus signal to the input port
of the device under test (DUT) and measures the reflected wave. Different trace for­mats allow you to express and display the results, depending on what you want to
learn from the data. Only one analyzer test port is required for reflection measure­ments.

In principle, a reflection measurement involves the same steps as a transmission mea­surement. Note the following differences:

●

The basic test setup for reflection measurements involves a single DUT and ana­lyzer port. For instance, you can connect the input of your DUT to port 1 of the ana­lyzer as shown below.

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Trying Out the Instrument

You can also use the basic transmission test setup, e.g. if you want to measure
reflection and transmission parameters in parallel.

●

The analyzer provides special calibration types for reflection measurements. Use
the calibration wizard and select an appropriate type.
The full 2-port calibration TOSM corrects the system errors for all transmission and
reflection S-parameters.

●

Some of the trace formats are particularly suited for reflection measurements. For
instance, you can display the measured reflection coefficient S11 in a Smith chart to

obtain the complex input impedance at port 1.

4.3.2 Zooming into the Display

To analyze the areas around the peak levels in more detail, we will zoom into a peak.

1. Tap the "Multiple Zoom" icon in the toolbar.
The icon is highlighted to indicate that zoom mode is active.

2. Tap the diagram near the peak and drag your finger to the opposite corner of the
zoom area. A white rectangle is displayed from the point where you tapped to the
current position.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Figure 4-5: Defining the zoom area

When you remove your finger, the zoom area is enlarged in a second (sub-)win­dow.

4.3.3

Figure 4-6: Zoomed display around a peak

Saving Settings

To restore the results of our measurements later, we will store the instrument settings
to a file.

To save the instrument settings to a file

1. Tap the "Save" icon in the toolbar.

2. Press the keyboard key on the front panel to display the online keyboard, as you
will have to enter text in the next step.

3. In the "Save" dialog box, tap the "File name" field and enter MyMultiViewSetup
using the keyboard.
Keep the default "File Type" setting "Instrument with all Channel Setups" to store
the configuration of all channel setups.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Figure 4-7: Saving the instrument settings to a file

4. Tap the "Save" button.

The file MyMultiViewSetup.dfl is stored in the default directory
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\ZNL\user.

To load stored instrument settings

You can restore the settings to the instrument at any time using the settings file.

1. Press the [PRESET] button to restore the default instrument settings so you can
check that the stored user settings are actually restored afterwards.

2. Tap the "Load" icon in the toolbar.

3. In the "Load" dialog box, select the MyMultiViewSetup.dfl file in the default
directory C:\Users\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\ZNL\user.

4. Tap the "Load" button.

All instrument settings are restored and the display should resemble the instrument
display right before the settings were stored.

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4.3.4 Printing and Saving Results

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

Finally, after a successful measurement, we will document our results. First we will
export the numeric trace data, then we will create a screenshot of the graphical display.

To export the trace data

1. Press the [TRACE] key on the front panel.

2. Tap the Trace softkey.

3. Tap the "Trace / Data Export" tab.

4. Tap the "Export Trace to ASCII File" button.

5. Enter the file name MyMultiViewResults.

The trace data is stored to MyMultiViewResults.DAT

To create a screenshot of the display

1. Tap the "Print immediately" icon in the toolbar.
A screenshot of the current display is created. Note that the colors on the screen

are inverted in the screenshot to improve printout results.

2. In the "Save Hardcopy as " > "Portable Network Graphics (PNG)" dialog box, enter
a file name, e.g. MyMultiViewDisplay.

The screenshot is stored to MyMultiViewDisplay.png.

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4.3.5 Activating Additional Channel Setups

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

The R&S ZNL/ZNLE features multiple channel setups, i.e. you can define several mea­surement configurations in parallel and then switch between the channel setups auto­matically to perform the measurements sequentially. We will demonstrate this feature
by activating additional channel setups for a different frequency range, a Spectrum
measurement, and an I/Q analysis (note that the latter two measurements are only
available if the optional Spectrum mode is installed).

To activate additional channel setups

1. Press the [Mode] key on the front panel.

2. On the "New Channel Setup" tab of the "Mode" dialog box, tap the "VNA" button.

3. Change the frequency range for this measurement:
Set the center frequency to 500

4. Press the [Mode] key on the front panel.

5. On the "New Channel Setup" tab of the "Mode" dialog box, tap the "Spectrum" but­ton.

MHz and the span to 1 GHz.

Figure 4-8: Adding a new channel setup

6. Create a new channel setup for I/Q analysis:
a) Press the [Mode] key.

b) Tap the "IQ Analyzer" button to activate a channel setup for the I/Q Analyzer

application.

c) Tap the "Display Config" softkey to activate the SmartGrid mode.

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d) Drag the "Real/Imag (I/Q)" icon from the evaluation bar to the SmartGrid.

Figure 4-9: Inserting a Real/Imag diagram for I/Q analysis

e) Close the SmartGrid mode.
The "IQ Analyzer" channel setup displays the real and imaginary signal parts in

separate windows.

To display the MultiView tab

An overview of all active channel setups is provided in the "MultiView" tab. This tab is
always displayed if more than one channel setup is active and cannot be closed.

► Tap the "MultiView" tab.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Figure 4-10: The "MultiView" tab

4.3.6 Trying Out Spectrum Mode

If the "Spectrum Analysis" option R&S ZNL3|6-B1 is installed, you can use the instru­ment to perform spectrum measurements. The following chapters describe some basic
tasks in Spectrum mode.

●

A "Spectrum Analysis" option for the R&S ZNLE is not available.

●

The "Spectrum Analysis" option for the R&S ZNL6 (R&S ZNL6-B1) is not yet avail­able.

● Measuring a Basic Signal........................................................................................67

● Displaying a Spectrogram.......................................................................................69

● Setting and Moving a Marker.................................................................................. 71

● Displaying a Marker Peak List.................................................................................72

4.3.6.1 Measuring a Basic Signal

We will start out by measuring a simple sinus wave, using the internal calibration signal
as the input.

To display the internal 50 MHz calibration signal

1. Press the [Preset] key to start out in a defined instrument configuration.

2. Press

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

3. Press the [Setup] key.

4. Tap the "Service + Support" softkey.

5. Tap the "Calibration Signal" tab.

6. Tap the "Calibration Frequency RF" option. Leave the frequency at the default
50 MHz.

7. Close the dialog box.

The calibration signal is now sent to the RF input of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. By
default, a continuous frequency sweep is performed, so that the spectrum of the
calibration signal is now displayed in the standard level versus frequency diagram.

Figure 4-11: Calibration signal as RF input

Instrument warmup time

Note that the instrument requires an initial warmup time after switching it on. A mes­sage in the status bar ("Instrument warming up...") indicates that the operating temper­ature has not yet been reached. Wait until this message is no longer displayed before
you start a measurement.

To optimize the display

To optimize the display for the calibration signal, we will adjust the main measurement
settings.

1. Set the center frequency to the calibration frequency:
a) Tap the "Overview" softkey to display the configuration "Overview".

b) Tap the "Frequency" button.
c) In the "Center" field, enter 50 on the number pad on the front panel.
d) Press the "MHz" key next to the number pad.

2. Reduce the span to 20 MHz:
a) In the "Span" field of the "Frequency" dialog box, enter 20 MHz.

b) Close the "Frequency" dialog box.

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R&S® ZNL/ZNLE

Getting Started

Trying Out the Instrument

3. Set the reference level to -25 dBm:
a) In the configuration "Overview", tap the "Amplitude" button.

b) In the "Value" field of the "Amplitude" dialog box, enter -25 dBm.

The display of the calibration signal is now improved. The maximum at the center
frequency (=calibration frequency) of 50 MHz becomes visible.

Figure 4-12: Calibration signal with optimized display settings

4.3.6.2 Displaying a Spectrogram

In addition to the standard "level versus frequency" spectrum display, the R&S ZNL/
ZNLE also provides a spectrogram display of the measured data. A spectrogram
shows how the spectral density of a signal varies over time. The x-axis shows the fre­quency, the y-axis shows the time. A third dimension, the power level, is indicated by
different colors. Thus you can see how the strength of the signal varies over time for
different frequencies.

1. Tap the "Overview" softkey to display the general configuration dialog box.

2. Tap the "Display Config" button.
The SmartGrid mode is activated, and the evaluation bar with the available evalua-

tion methods is displayed.

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