Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II, Bentley S2 User Manual

~,

Air

Conditioning

Manual

System

AIR CONDITIONING

(REFRIGERATION)

Printed in Great Britain

by

William Hodge & Chilver Limi1ed, London

PREFACE

The

primary purpose
refrigeration engineer with information necessary to enable him
to service and maintain the Rolls-Royce Refrigeration System.
The Manual will also be
engineer wishing to familiarise himself with the function and

of

position

Contained herein is a description
comprehensive instructions for the maintenance, dismantling
and

assembly
procedure. All special tools required to carry
tions are listed and illustrated.

Although all information provided within the Manual was
correct when going to print, additions or modifications may
subsequently be necessary. These
of

the reader by means

mended that a note be made in the appropriate Section

Manual, referring to the latest Bulletin.

Advice
problems will always be available
Department
be accompanied by the chassis number

the various components.

of

each unit, together with the necessary service

and

assistance regarding maintenance

at

Pym's Lane, Crewe; all such enquiries should

of

thi~ Manual is to provide the

of

great assistance to

will be brought

of

Service Bulletins,

on

application to the Service

of

of

the

motor

the system and

out

service opera-

to

the notice

and

it is recom-

and

the car.

car

of

the

servicing

AIR CONDITIONING

REFRIGERATION

UNDERWING

UNIT

INTRODUCTION

The underwing air conditioning system fitted to Standard Steel

and

Saloon Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II
provides de-misting, de-frosting,

Bentley S.2 motor cars

car

heating

and

ventilation.

Alternatively, a comprehensive underwing refrigeration system,

providing a wide range

heating

and

cooling conditions, can

of

be installed at the customer's request.

of

the

Whilst servicing

standard
system may be undertaken with confidence by
service engineer,

of

tenance

the refrigeration system will be better effected by a

it

must be appreciated that correct main-

heating

and

the

de-misting

normal

specialised refrigeration engineer.

Special equipment

un<lenaking
always
sealed

scrvidng

remembered that

and

pressurised.
unnecessarily as
breaking any joint, unless this

The Refrigeration System, although

and

precautions are necessary when

and

overhaul
the

Thus

the

system must be discharged prior to

operations

refrigerant

join

ls

should not

is

protected by service valves.

an

and

it

circulation system is

bl!

optional extra, is in

should

disturbed

be

fact not an isolated unit, but a large system carefully integrated

of

into the design
cases, is combined in
mechanical

installed in positions promoting simplicity
facilitation

of

the motor car. The electrical wiring, in most

th~ main wiring looms

and

electro•mechanical control units have been

and

of

operation

the individual

servicing.

and

the

A I/ enquiries should be addressed

to:-

ROLLS-ROYCE

Pym's Lane

Crewe

Cheshire

Telephone:

Crewe

"ROYCRU,

55155

Telegrams:

CREWE"

LIMITED

T.S.D. Publication 123

Printed in England

CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION SECTION C. l
OPERATING
ELECTRICAL
COMPRESSOR, CONTROL VALVES AND ANCILLARY

UNITS . . SECTION
MAINTENANCE
SERVICING

THE

. . SECTION C.6

SYSTEM SECTION C.2

COMPONENTS . . SECTION

SECTION

C.3

C.4
C.5

INDEX

r--,

~

-

al

....

'

M

r--,

0

v.i

i,..;

Description

Operating
Electrical

Actuators

Blower motors
Evaporator change-over relay
Lower airstream switch
Magnetic
Rear
Resistances - blower motors
Solenoid valves
Thermostatic switches
Upper airstream switch

The

Compressor

Condenser
Drier
Expansion valves
Flow
Magnetic clutch

the

system

components

..

To

adjust

clutch

- compressor

window de-mister relay

compreMor,

Fault

Lubricant
Oil level ­Shal\
To

purge the

To remove

control

control

diagnosis

lo

check

seal - to replace

air

and

fit

valve

..

valves

..

..

..

and

ancillary

unil.8

10

13

12

II

12

13

II

IS

17
17
17

18
IS

18

19
19

20

15

9

8

9

7

15

To

remove

and

fit

5

Receiver ..

Maintenance

Schedules

Every 2,500 miles
Every 5,000 miles
Every 10,000 miles

Servicing

Charging the system
Checking for leaks 29

Discharging the refrigerant
Evacuating the system
Fault diagnosis

Air
Fault
Pressure tests
Refrigerant circulation
Superheat test

Importance

Sealing

Precautions

Exposure to refrigerant

First-aid
Right-hand front
Special tools required
Sweeping the system

Underwing

To

..

delivery

location

of

treatment

fit

or

annually

..

of

chemical stability

components

to

be observed

wing

-

unit

- to

remove

to

remove

16
18

21
21
21
21

28

26
27

23

24
24

26
24

26
23
23

23

23

23

29
23

27

30
30

CONDENS

EP.

F

RESH

WMM

TO

CAR INTERIOR

AIR

P.ECIRCULATEO

AI R

TO

REAR

OR COO

L

WARM

OR

COMPARTMENT

COOL

RE

CIRCULATED WMM

AIR TO F

RONT

FILTER

OR

COMPARTMENT

COO

BLOWER

L

HOTOR

EXPANSION VALVE

FLOW CONTP.

/

EVAPOR

OL VALVE

I '

HE

ATER FLAP

F

LAP

ACTUATO

ATOR MATRIX

RS

REC

AIR

IRCULATI

INTA

KE

NG

Fig,

l '

The

air

condiliomn8

SOLENOIDE VALVE

sy•ten:,

EVAPORATOR MATR

IX

FRESH AIR

RECIRCULATED

-

AIR

-

Rolls-Royce &

Bentley-------

Air Conditioning

Sy.stem

Manual

The function
Unit

is

to

maintain

and

humidity

conditions.

The

unit

air system,

of

the

Rolls-Royce

the

car

at

a comfortable level

is

divided

and

into

the recirculatory system; these

PHIAL

Air

interior

two

parts -the

in

SECTION

DESCRIPTION

Conditioning

temperature

all climatic

fresh

C.l

may

be

operated

order

to

produce

air system

introduces
temperature
circulatory system draws air from
conditions

it,

COMPRESSOR

independently or

the

desired condition.

heated,

air

into

the

and

re-introdu

I

cooled

car

interior; the

ces it.

together

or

the

car interior,

COND

ENS

~

The

fresh

ambient

ER

in

re-

EV

APORATOR MATRIX

CO

TEMPERATURE

NTROL PHIAL

-4===

EVAPORATOR MATR

L.P. VAPOUlll D

H.

P.

VAPOUR •

H.P.

LIQUID

/

•

~

IX

VALVE

~

SOLE

NOI

D VALVE

VALVE

/

SOLENOID VAL

Ft1, 2 Dla«r•m

VE

of

refrigerant

FLOW

co~

ORI~

circ11l•tion

VALVE

es

P

,

age

1

Air

Conditioning

-------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

Sy.stem Manual

The

main
although recirculation enables the air conditioning
system to operate more effectively, the
simultaneous introduction
adequate
driven with

In

countries where humidity

extract

will
the air;
in conjunction with the refrigeration system to
provide warm,

and

cool

Fine

gauze .filters incorporated in the recircula-

tion

and

the ingress

advantage

ventilation, permitting the

the

windows closed.

a large

if

necessary,

of

this feature is that

of

proportion

the

heater may

fresh

air

car

is

high, the unit

of

moisture from

provides

to

be

used

dry air when the atmosphere is

damp

.

fresh air intakes (see Fig. 1), prevent

of

grit

and

other foreign particle

s.

be

------------

0

"'

.....

The

refrigeration
principle: after being compressed
pressor, the refrigerant passes
then

in

liquid

and

then evaporates in a matrix before returning

form

sys

tem

operates

to

to

a valve where

on

a cyclic

in

the com-

a condenser and

it

expands

to the compressor.

During evaporation,

the air

passing
thus enters the
at

reduced humidity, since a proportion

water va

pour

over

car

in

cooling process

the

gas absorbs heat from

the

matrix surface.

at

a reduced temperature, also

The

of

air

the

the air will condense during the

and

drain away through drain

holes provided.

The system

(Dichlorodifluoromethane) circulated

pressor.

is

charged with Freon

The

compressor is driven

12

refrigerant

by

the com-

via

a magnetic

clutch by Vee belts from the coolant pump pulley.

The

compressor

condenser mounted in front
matrix,

A series

where

the

of

pipes incorporating receiver, drier,
solenoid valves
condenser to the evaporator unit

delivers refrigerant

of

the engine radiator

gas is condensed to liquid.

and

expansion valves connects the

s.

to

the

H

IGH

PRESSURE SER.VICE VALVE

2

LOW PRESSURE SERVICE

CO

MPRESSOR

IMPORTANT:

Fig.

3 Compre&&or

The

refrigerant
valves before entering
resultant pressure

ar;id

vaporise

through

Air

is ducted to the evaporators by two systems:

From

right-hand

so absorb

the matrices.

the air

intake

wing, fresh air is ducted along inside

OIL Flll

Ref

er

to co

for

instructions regarding the

removal

of

is

atomised in the expansion

the

drop

heat

situated

VALVE

ER

PLUG

mpr

essor

deta

this

plug

.

in

po@ition

evaporators, where the

permits

from

at

the

the

the

ilr

liquid to

air

passing

front

of

the

Page2

------------

the wing

and

boosted, by means

Rolls-Royce

of

a blower

motor, through the upper evaporator matrix

and/or
is delivered
rail adjustable outlets

the top half

into

the saloon through the capping

of

the heater matrix.

and

the windscreen

The

air

de-misting slots.

The recirculating air is ducted from the air

intake, situated behind the right-hand front seat,

and

b~osted,
through the lower evaporator matrix
lower half

by

means

of

the heater matrix.

of

a blower motor,

It

then enters the

and

the

saloon via the cross duct under the facia, the

duct

adjustable
the

duct

on

under

the left-hand side

the

front

of

picnic tray,
the scuttle.

and

Air

&

Bentley-------

To

prevent

the

temperature

Conditioning

System

of

the

Manual

air

through the evaporator falling below freezing

and

point
formation
each matrix:
solenoid valves to control the

If

both

is

by-passed from the condenser back to the com-

pressor through the

the system becoming blocked by the

of

ice, a thermostatic switch is fitted

and

is used in

conjunction

flow

of

refrigerant.

solenoid valves are closed, the refrigerant

flow

control valve.
trol valve is adjusted to maintain a minimum
pressure

of

2 lb./sq. in. in

the

low pressure side

the system. The thermostatic switches control the

of

minimum temperature
must

not

be

~et

below 2"C., otherwise icing may

the evaporators and

occur.

passing

with the

The

con-

to

of

Page3

LOWER
AIRSTREAM
SWITCH

UPPER
AI

RSTREAM

SWITCH

---

FEED
TEMP,

FR.OM

COOLANT

INDICATOR

.....-11

,I

l ~cl

)

~5

l

wr',

-te --

:i;iel

.

~ ,

' , i 8

7

1

:

(')

~

""(

..,

..

-·

Fig. " Wii·ing

8

diagram -Air

conditioning

-

M:Y81nn

l

.,.,.-

REC

IRCULATING Al

\

193

<

l\

RESISTANCE

~

l'D

3

~

Q

:i

C:

Q

-

n

0

:i

Q.

~

-.

0

:i

-.

:i

OQ

TO

REAR

DE·MISTER

---...:•.;.•

Io

o o o

rll-

L..

I

DISTRIBUTION BOARD -

WINDOW

I;;.

::

~ ERMINAL STIii -

".I.

RECIRCULATING

All\6LOWE

---

R_E_A

-------

c:.R ____

~

___

FRESH
MOTOR

~ 7

~

....;.

AIR

BLOWER

RESISTANCE

LO_O.:..M

______

-~

-

rr===============(._J====:::!.1

.....

....

DE-tt1STl:R

CROSS

,,,~,o;w

I

,-....

'I,

SOLENO
VAL.YES

..J (OWER- ' -

~

~

DUCT

j ~

\::'-=

aoiii,,,/..i,,_

~·

(,. .....

11

...

J~

.....

I~

L

..

I

-

FRESH
FLAP

TRANSFER

THERMOSTAT

~NGINE

COHPRESSOR

HEATER

FLAP

ACTUATOR

· ~

ACTUATOR

DUC

T

LOOM

CLUTCH -

....

WATER

.--

ACTUATOI<

·~

.__"----=.1.:i

R.H. VALANCE LOOM

·--FRE

SH

~

TAP

__!E~r.:i~~~-.1

I

~:::r-"I

.,

'"'------

~

AIR BLOWER MOTOR

f===i'

•

, .

) l

1

Bl1B

L06lR/ £rL ·cnn.

------------

Ro/ls-Royce & Bentley

-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

s

0\

-

o:i

SECTION

OPERATING THE SYSTEM

The system
on

the facia board

'LOWER'.

The

and

regulates the air entering the saloon from the
adjustable vents
and

from the windscreen de-misting slots. This
switch has seven positions - four positions clock­wise which control the heating system, and three
positions anti-clockwise which control the

is

'UPPER'

controlled by two switches mounted

and

marked

'UPPER'

and

switch controls the fresh air system

on

either side

of

the capping rail

C.2

In the third position the evaporator flap will be
fully open, the heater flap will be fully closed, the
water tap
and the blower motor at medium speed. This
results
upper

If
whilst
motor

will be closed, the compressor operating

in

cold air entering the saloon via the

evaporator.

the

knob

of

the

turned

to any

operates

'UPPER'

of

at

full speed.

switch is pulled out

its positions,

the

blower

refrigeration.

The

'v;>WER'

To obtain the desired condition when operating

be

the refrigeration, the switch must

rotated anti-

clockwise.

In the first position the evaporator flap will be

system

clockwise control the heating system

positions anti-clockwise control the refrigeration
system.

fully open and the heater flap fully closed; the
water tap will be closed
operating
ambient

I

In

and

at

medium speed. This results in normal

air

enteri'ng the saloon.

the second position both the evaporator flap

the

heater flap will be fully open; the water

and

the blower motor

tap
the blower motor at medium speed. This results
in cold recirculated air entering the saloon via the
lower evaporator.

tap will be closed, the compressor operating and

at

the blower motor running

result

is

a mixture

of

ambient
passing from the top half
the upper evaporator unit.

medium speed. The

and

refrigerated air

of

the heater matrix and

tap

the
recirculated air
the saloon.

and

In

the

will be closed, the compressor operating and

In

the second position anti-clockwise the water

will be closed, the compressor operating and

blower

switch controls the recirculating

has

five

positions.

Three

and

first position anti-clockwise

motor

at

full speed. This results

of

minimum temperature entering

positions

the two

the

water

in

Page 5

----------

- - Rolls-Royce &

SECTION C.3

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

Bentley--

- -

--

-

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

UPPER

This switch controls

AIRSTREAM SWITCH

the

heater

and

evaporator

flap actuators, the fresh air blower motor, the

and

compressor clutch

the water tap actuator.

The switch utilises eight angular positions - the

or

OFF

vertical
and

three positions anti-clockwise.

In

all seven operating positions, with the switch

knob

'in',

position, four positions clockwise

the

fresh

air

blower

motor

operates at

medium speed.

When the switch knob is pulled outwards, all

seven conditions

are

duplicated but with

the

blower motor operating .at full speed. This
achieved by the provision
the end
two fixed

of

the switch spindle. This sleeve connects

contacts

when the

of a contact

knob

is pulled out-

sleeve

wards, thereby completing a new circuit by­passing the resistance.

The

main

switch mechanism consists basically

of

five

sets

of

moving contacts which rotate when

knob

is

the control
tact plates

'make'

turned. Lobes

and

fixed contacts spaced

'break'

around

on

these con-

with eleven sets

the

arc

of

travel

the contact Jobes.

A numbered disc is attached to the rear

switch for terminal identification, the

follows:-

is as

key

of

the

to which

Terminal Number

1 Water

2

Evaporator

Tap

'Leak'.

Flap

Closed.

3 Supply.

5 Heater Flap t Open.

6 Heater Flap Fully Open.

Tap

7 Water

Closed.

8 Heater Flap Closed.

9 Compressor Clutch 'In'.
10
11
12
13
14

Evaporator Flap Fully Open.
Blower Motor

Medium

Speed.

Blower Motor Full Speed.

Evaporator Flap t Open.
Evaporator Flap t Open.

Switch

1st

clockwise

positions

Evaporator
Heater
Water

Tap

Blower

Providing

Medium Speed.

readiness for

2nd clockwise

Evaporator

is

at

Heater
Water

Tap

Blower

Providing

air.

3rd clockwise

of
of

Evaporator

Heater
Water

Tap

Blower

Providing

temperature entering the car.

4th clockwise

Evaporator

Heater
Water
Blower

Providing

permitted

N.B. Knob pulled fully
blower motor operates

Flap

Flap

Motor

Normal

2nd

Flap

Flap

..

Motor

Mixed flow

Flap

Flap

..

Motor

As

Flap

Flap

Tap

..

Motor

by

FULLY

CLOSED

LEAK

MEDIUM

ambient

(Heater

Matrix warming in

position.)

!

OPEN

f

OPEN
LEAK
MEDIUM

of

ambient

J

OPEN

f

OPEN
LEAK
MEDIUM

above, but air

CLOSED

FULLY

LEAK
MEDIUM

Maximum

coolant

leak.

out

at

FULL

OPEN

POSITION

SPEED

air

POSITION

SPEED

POSITION

SPEED

of

OPEN

POSITION

SPEED

air

temperature

in

any

SPEED.

flow at

and

warm

increased

position-

Page

7

Air

Conditioning

System

1st

anti-clockwise
Evaporator
Heater
Water

Blower

Providing

Tap

Manual

Flap

Flap

..

Motor

Air

-------Ro/1$-Royce

of

FULLY

CLOSED
CLOSED
MEDIUM

ambient

OPEN

SPEED

temperature

entering the car.

2nd anti-clockwise

Evaporator
Heater
Water
Compressor
Blower

Providing

upper

Flap

Tap

Motor

Ambient

heater

Flap

..

and

FULLY
FULLY

CLOSED
OPERATING

MEDIUM

and

cold

OPEN

OPEN

SPEED

air

upper evaporator matrices.

flow via the

3rd anti-clockwise

Evaporator
Heater
Water

Compressor

Blower Motor

Providing

Flap

Tap

Flap

..

Air

of

minimum

FULLY

CLOSED
CLOSED

OPERATING

MEDIUM

OPEN

SPEED

temperature

entering the car via the upper evaporator

matrix.

N.B.

If

the

switch knob is pulled out, the blower

motor operates

LOWER AIRSTREAM SWITCH

This switch

at

FULL

controls

SPEED.

the recirculatory blower

motor, the water tap actuator and the compressor

clutch.

or

Six positions are utilised - the vertical

position, three positions clockwise

and

OFF

two posi-

tions anti-clockwise.

&

Bentley------------

is

provided

for

blower

motor

full

speed

- full
speed is only obtained in position three clockwise
and

position two anti-clockwise.

Lobes

on

four sets

circuits with combinations

of

moving contacts complete

of

the nine sets

of

fixed

contacts.

A numbered disc is attached to the rear
switch to assist terminal identification; the key
these numbers

is

as

follows:-

of

the

to

Terminal Number

l Recirculation Blower Motor Full Speed.

2 Recirculation Blower Motor Medium Speed.
3 Supply.
4 Water

Tap

'Leak'.

5 Supply from Upper Airstream Switch No. I

Terminal.

Tap

7 Water

Closed.

8 Supply from Upper Airstream Switch No. 7

Terminal.

9 Compressor Clutch 'In'.

11

Water

Note: The system will

If

the

position

closed for all positions

switch, either clockwise

If

the

position I clockwise, the

selects water

If

the lower airstream switch

Tap

Open.

air

and

cold recirculated air simultaneously.

lower

airstream

(anti-clockwise)

Jower

airstream

tap

leak

not

provide warm fresh

switch is

the

water

of

the upper airstream

or

anti-clockwise.

switch is 'off'

upper

in

tap

airstream

a 'cold'

remains

or

in

switch

for all clockwise positions.

is

in positions 2

or

clockwise, the upper airstrearn switch selects water
tap

open for all clockwise positions.

Switch

positio,u

1st

clockwise

Water

Blower

Providing

Tap

Motor

..

Warm

LEAK

POSITION

MEDIUM

SPEED

recirculated air.

3

The

construction

mechanism

is

similar

and
to

that

operation

of

the

of

upper

the

air-

stream switch except that no 'pull-out' mechanism

PageS

2nd

Water
Blower

clock

wise

Tap

Motor

..

OPEN

MEDIUM

SPEED

- -

----------

Providing

Recirculated

temperature.

3rd' clockwise

Water
Blower

Providing

Tap

Motor

Recirculated

temperature.

1st

anti-clockwise

Water

Tap

..

Compressor

Blower

Providing

car

via

Motor

Cold recirculated air entering the

the

lower

2nd anti-clockwise

Water

Tap

..

Compressor

Blower

Motor

air

OPEN
FULL

air

CLOSED
OPERATING

MEDIUM

evaporator

CLOSED

OPERATING

FULL

Rolfs-Royce &

of

increased

SPEED

of

maximum

SPEED

matrix.

SPEED

Air

Bentley-------

of

Adjustment

varying

the

by means

of

the cut-off

tension

in

the

a vernier screw which is accessible
when the thermostat rubber end cover
(see Fig.

Setting
with the aid
Random
positive indication

5).

the

switch

of

a power source and indicator light.

operation

should

of

the setting screw, without

of

the 'make'

Conditioning

System

point

nickel steel members

be

Manual

is effected by

is

removed

attempted

or

'break'

only

of

contacts, may strain the internal assembly.

A locking clamp is provided to ensure that the
setting

remains

undisturbed

by vibrations,

should be adjusted so that the vernier screw may

turned

be

carried
since tightening

without

out

before final adjustment

undue

of

the locking screw after adjust-

strain; this

of

should

the switch,

ment may alter the setting.

should

Care

thermostat, since it
forms the operating element

be exercised in handling the

is

the outside shell which

and

distortion

of

shell may affect the operation.

the

and

be

this

Providing

temperature

Recirculated

entering

the

air

car

of

minimum

via

the

lower

evaporator matrix.

THERMOSTATIC SWITCHES

The Cartridge

silver contacts. attached to, but insulated

two special nickel steel members

co~fficient, mounted

Thermostat

under

tension in a seamless

consists

of

low expansion

of

from,

drawn brass tubular shell.

Changes in
expand
supports

or

to

the contacts

Two

thermostats

system,

each

valves which regulate the supply

temperature

cause

the

shell

contract, subjecting the steel contact

changes

to

of

tension, thereby causing

•make'

or

are

controlling

'break'.

incorporated
one

of

of

in the

the solenoid

refrigerant to

the evaporator matrices. When the temperature

the

air

leaving the matrices falls to a level a little

of

above freezing point; the flow

in

off,

order

to

prevent

the

refrigerant

matrices becoming

is

blocked by ice formation.

two

to

of

cut

ACTUATORS

The heater flap, evaporator

actuators

tap

are

identical

flap

units,

and

heater water

consisting

of

a
small electric motor driving through a reduction
gear train. The shaft carrying the final gear in the

train also carries a

contact

disc which has a

portion removed; this disc conveys current to the

motor
the

via

circuit

any

one

is

completed

of

four fixed

by

the

contacts,

upper

or

when

lower

airstream switch action.

of

Operation

rotate

until the

the motor causes the disc to

gap

in the disc reaches

the

con-

tact, thus breaking the circuit.

end

of

Attached to the

is

a crank lever. These crank levers are connected

by

links

to

sfmilar levers fixed

and

to

spindle
evaporator

extensions

flap spindles. The extension spindles

each actuator gear shaft

to

the

of

the

heater and

water

tap

protrude through the actuator mounting platform,
and

flexible couplings transmit the drive, through

in

holes

the valance, to the flap spindles. Rubber

sleeves are provided under the wing to protect the

flap driving mechanism.

Page9

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

hole

s,

on

the

--

-----------

locating

them

flap spindles.

on

the

driving

dogs

The

the

Fig

. 6).

are

mounted

along

water

forward

The

the

valance,

Fig. 5

tap
end
heater
together

Thermo81.ltic

actuator

of

the

and

evaporator

on

adjacent

right-hand

a single platform midway

fluid reservoir (see Fig. 7) ...

Actuators -to

Whenever

removed,

been

possibly

be

adjust

carried

the

out

adjust

underwing
it will be
the

actuator

after

the

wing

swilch

is

situated

low

down

valance

flap actuators

to

the

forward

unit

or

the

wing has

necessary

to

check

setting. This should

has

been

refitted.

at

(see

brake

and

4.

5.

Insert
slots in
mounting

Push
coupling
lever

the

extension

the

coupling

platform

the

extension
tubes

clamping

spindles.

6.

7.

Slowly

about
screws
faces

Detach

shafts

means

withdraw

n;

in. and

to

lock

of

the

the

and

rotate

of

their

bearing

two

should be free to rotate

ment

through a larger

the coupling tubes are
the

dogs

on

the

rectified.

8.

Ensure

switc

on

seconds

hes

the

that

the

are

ignition

to

allow

and

bolts

tighten

the

crank

the

crank

spindles

upper

in

the

spindle

tubes

to

the

valance.

spindles

tighten

on

to

the

extension

the

collars

tubes

against

.

levers

extension

arms. The

through

angle

not

and

and

lower

OFF

position

for

approximately

the

actuator

dogs

into

and secure

fully

into

the

two

crank

the

extension

spindles

Allen

grub-

the

from

the

gear

spindles

spindles

90 °. Move-

indicates
engaged with
this

should

airstream
. Switch

motors

the
the

the

end

by

that

be

30

to

The

procedure

noting

if

the

l.

that

wing

Slacken
crank
gear
grubscrews
extension

2.

Remove
ing
form
rear

3.

Move
platform
the two coupling

Page

JO

to

instructions

only

has

the

levers

shafts,

securing

spindles.

the

the

forward

to

the

valance

securing

the

forward

away

be

been

four

to

the

also

single

end

nuts.

from

tubes

adopted

2, 3

is as follows,

and 4 do

removed: -

bolts which

extension

slacken

nut and

of

end

the

the

the

and

valance

the
collars

washer

mounting

slacken

of

the

through

not

apply

clamp

spindles

two

Allen

to

secur-

plat-

the

mounting

and

insert

the valance

the

and

the

two

Fi8

, 6

Water

tap

and

actuator

------------

Rofls-Royce & Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

rotate
then
actuators

Evaporator

I.

Rotate

to the fully closed position.

be

necessary

separately as follows: -

flap

actuator

the extension spindle anti-clockwise

(when viewed over the left-hand wing) until
resistance is encountered.

2.

Slightly slacken

bolt

and

rotate

slopes forward

3. Place

4.

the

position

Adjust
so

that

gear

on

the

when the gear shafi crank is rotated
clockwise
countered
of

the

fully

cates

that

the flap is being pressed tightly

into

its fully closed position).
clamping bolt to lock
crank.

5.

Rotate
rearward
gear

the

end

shaft

are parallel) then tighten the clamping bolt.

Heater

I.

flap

actuator

Rotate

the
(when viewed over the left-hand wing) until
resistance is encountered.

2. Slightly slacken

bolt

and

rotate

slopes 60°
ward

position.

It

to

adjust

the

crank

the

crank

and

upward

shaft

the

gear shaft.

position

on

the

crank

of

shaft,

lever loosely

the extension crank

resistance

for a few degrees

rearward

position. (This indi-

the

lever

clamping

lever until

at

45 °.

to

each

is en-

Tighten

the

extension spindle

gear

shaft

of

crank

its
and

crank

stroke

the

to

the

(i.e.

when

connecting

extension spindle clockwise

the

the

forward

crank

of

crank

the

lever

clamping

lever until

vertical

down

will

two

it

in

side

the

fully

the

link

it

1

2

Tighten

extension spindle crank.

5.

Rotate

rearward

gear

shaft

are parallel), then tighten the clamping bolt.

Operate the switches and visually check that the

actuators are

MAGNETIC CLUTCH -

See Page

SOLENOID VALVES

functioning

15

Model . . Danfoss EVJD-6 (Stamped '

The

solenoid valves

-

refrigerant

to

the expansion valves which serve the

two evaporator matrices.

HEATER

FLAP

ACTUATOR

EVAPORATOR

Fig. 7 Flap

the

the

end

crank

FLAP

aetuarors

clamping

gear

shaft

of

its
and

correctly.

COMPRESSOR

for description

valve body).

ACTUATOR

bolt

crank

stroke

the

connecting

and

control

to

lock the

to

the

(i.e.

when

procedure.

F'

the

flow

fully

the

link

on the

of

3. Place

4. Adjust

the

position

crank

so

on

the

is rotated clockwise

encountered

is

of

side

gear

shaft

crank

the gear shaft.

position

that

of

when

on

for a few degrees

the

fully

lever loosely

the

extension spindle

the

gear

shaft crank

the shaft, resistance

to

rearward

position.

in

each

The

lower end

of

the

movi,ng core has a rubber
insert which seats against a nozzle protruding
upwards
circuit
nozzle

from

the

body

of

is

open,

the

core

seat

by a spring-loaded

the

is held

plunger

valve.

When

against

which is

the
the

situated in the core so as to extend from the upper

and

face

contact

the

blind

end

of

the solen

oid

bore (see Fig. 8).

Page

11

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce

&

Bentley-------------

When
upwards
small

holes

mounts

·--~------

1 RETAINING

2 I

DENTIFICATION

3 SOLENOID

4 VALVE CHAMBER COVER

5 SECURING SCREWS

MOVING

6

7 DIAPHRAGM

B SEALING

9 VALVE

Fig.

8 So!P.nold

the coil is energised,

and

the

refrigerant

in

the

the

nozzle, leaving via the nozzle orifice.

SCREW

PLATE

AND

CASING

CORE

AND

NOZZLE

RING

BODY

valve -exploded

the

flows

rubber

diaphragm

view

core

through

is

drawn

which

two

orifice, the resultant pressure
causes

the

diaphragm

allowing the refrigerant to flow

inlet groove,

under

the

port, thus by-passing the two inlet holes

drop

in the chamber

to

lift

from

from

diaphragm,

its seating,
the annular

to

the

outlet

and

the

nozzle orifice and permitting full flow.

A leak

to

due
ring between

inefficient sealing;

the

chamber cover, refit

valve casing will

renew

valve

the

body

cover

and

probably

the

and

tighten

rubber

'O'

the valve

the

six

be

from

the

retaining screws.

A leaking valve may be caused either by a

faulty

diaphragm

or a damaged

core rubber

insert.

Icing

of

the

evaporator

or

leaking valve

or

faulty

THE REAR WINDOW DE-MISTER RELAY

In
battery,
and

wrongly set thermostat.

order

resulting

the

rear

incorrect

to

prevent

from

window
opposition, a relay is
to break the circuit for the rear window

may

be

operation

de-·

heavy

the

mister

loading

refrigeration

unit

incorporated

caused

by a

due to a

of

the

system

working in

in the system

de

-mister

whenever refrigerated air is being passed into the

.e. upper

car, i
3 anti-clockwise; lower
positions 1

The relay

of

The

upper

the

leads

side

THE EVAPORATOR CHANGE-OVER RELAY

the
left-hand valance
terminals
centre
leads
to
which

the

of

pass

cross
control

terminal a

airstream switch - positions 2 and

airstrcam

and

2 anti-clockwise.

is mounted

bulkhead

from

and

lower

loom

of

the change-over relay mounted at the

the

bulkhead. Fro

through

duct

and

the so

lead

feeds

on the uppeI' right-hand

.

the

number

airstream

and

nine

switches leave the

enter

m these terminals,

the

right-hand

transfer

lenoid

the

duct

valves.

compressor

terminals

the

WI

valance

thermostat

From

clutch

switch -

and

loom

the

of

C3

C2

via

the rear window de-mister relay.

0

"'

....

s

Since the total area

diaphragm

Page 12

is less

of

the two inlet holes in the

than

the

area

of

the nozzle

The

purpose

provide a feed

of

the change-over relay is to

to

the. compressor clutch from

-------------

••

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

Each

aluminium housing (see Fig.

The
spherical bushes which are self-aligning
smooth

-------

motor

motor

shaft

operation.

and fan

is

carried in self-lubricating

Air

System

is

mounted

9)

.

Conditioning

Manual

in a cast

to

ensure

Two speeds - medium and
by the incorporation

of

high - are provided

a resistance in the circuit,

which is by-passed when the upper airstream con-

is

trol knob
stream

clockwise

RESISTANCES - BLOWER MOTORS

pulled outwards,

switch

is

turned

or

the second position anti-clockwise.

Two resistances - one for each blower

are used

placed

Each

to

in

provide

circuit.

medium

resistance consists

oxidised wire forming a winding

of

a resistance
in

a ~pool-type ceramic insulator bolted to a

2.8 ohms.

Bakelite mounting block which

IO

nd

).

for

side

the

of

bulkhead (see Fig.

The

resistance
mounted
head
the

and

upper

on

the upper right-hand side

the recirculation blow

left-ha

or

the lower air-

to

the third position

motor

mot

or

speed

of

a 66-inch

of

The

resist a

is

fresh air

er

length

70

turns giving

nce

attach

ed to the

blower

of

the bulk-

resistance on

the bulkhead.

-

when

is held

of

is

either

Fig. 9 Blower

of

the

motor -exploded

vie>o"

independently operated airstream

switches.

The

C3

and

C2

contacts

when

allowing a feed
to

an

anti-clockwise

upper switch to

and

winding

THE BLOWER MOTORS

'makes'

the

position. Operation

a 'cool' po~ition energises the

the

Model . .

Two identical

the fresh

air

beneath the wing,

motor

blower s

and

ituated

are

norm

ally closed,

lower

Cl

Smiths

switch

and

C_2 contacts.

FHM

5342/

is

turned

01

of

the

s are utilised in the system:

in

the

inl

et

ducting

the recirculation blower

mounted in the recirculation inlet duct beneath

flo

the front

or, to the rear

of

the lower evaporator.

Fig.

10

Reai•

tanc

e -

blow

er

motor

Poge

13

- - -

---------

Rolfs-Royce

&

Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

SECTION

THE

COMPRESSOR,

AND ANCILLARY UNITS

THE

COMPRESSOR

The compressor fitted to the Silver Cloud II and

is

Bentley S.2
cylinder unit, with
clutch ( see Fig.

Replacement

is

not

recommended

work be
The
brush

Fault

on

valve

attempted,

valve plate, oil seal,

unit

diagnosis

When

carrying

the high pressure side indicates

or
diagnosis,
and

turn the compressor low pressure service valve
clockwise
compound
Hg

almost

the Tecumseh

an

12).
units

are

that

except

may be renewed

out

pressure tests, a low reading

defective gasket.

reduce

to

gauge

the

engine

the forward-seated position. The

should

immediately

satisfactory.

Switch
leaking
pressure. A rise

off

and

observe

shaft

seal will permit a rise to atmospheric

above
indicates a defective gasket,
valve

is

not

seating correctly.

Before disturbing any compressor

the service valves

to

seal
release the pressure from the head
for the oil level check.

When the cylinder head

the valves

and

cylinder bores. A
will necessitate changing the valve plate assembly;
where a

compressor

ment

cylinder

bore

is badly

must be fitted.

HH

vertical twin

Eaton

electromagnetic

readily available

any

major

by

the manufacturers.

clutch

bearing,

as

necessary.

To

speed

register

if

the

intake

the

gauge

overhaul

an

inoperative
confirm
to

'slow

12

in.

readings. A

atmospheric

or

that

the delivery

joint,

off

the

system

as

described

is

removed, examine

damaged

scored,

a replace-

and

and

the

the

idle'

to

18

in.

valve

pressure

close

and

valve

C.4

CONTROL

When
fully
refrigerant oil before

The

compressor -To

it

Remove the magnetic

Forward-seat

and release the

the

for
securing the service valves
Remol/e the gauze filter from the compressor inlet
port, together with the fibre washer.

Unscrew the four compressor securing setscrews

situated
bracket
the service valves

is

When fitting the compressor, secure all

connections, then purge the
turn

back-seated.

Test

static conditions. Install the gauge set, check the
pressures,
functioning correctly.

The

The

wheel driven
and
plate
crankshaft (see Fig.

VALVES

re-assembling, clean all

and

immerse

the

fl tting.

remove

clutch

both

compressor service valves

compressor

new

joint

gaskets

and

fit

(see Page

pressure, as described

oil level check. Release the Allen screws

to

the

beneath

and

remove

both

service valves anti-clockwise until fully

for leaks

and

magnetic

clutch consists

by

a drive

to

plate

the

the

compressor

the

compressor

connected

to

air

under

ensure

clutch -compressor

operating

that

the

of

an

electromagnetic

unit, leaving

the pipes.

(see Page

conditions

complete

twin 'Vee' belts from the engine,

attached

forward

hy a flexible coupling

end

of

the

3}.

faces care-

in clean

16).

compressor.

mounting

18),

and

and

system

is

fly-

compressor

Page

15

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

------------

The

flywheel is constantly driven by the engine

and when the circuit

bearing
the
electromagnet
brushes mounted

two
face

carried

circuit is closed,

copper

of

the flywheel.

on

the

is

conveyed through two carbon

on

collector rings

is

open, idles

drive

plate

current

the compressor body and

attached

The

electromagnet attracts

on

shaft.

to

energise the

to

the

a single

When

inner

the drive plate which is fitted with a fibre friction
facing

To

the flywheel and drive· plate assembly from the
crankshaft. Care should be exercised when
removing the assembly

are

to

take

up

the

drive to

remot•e

Remove the single retaining

not

an.d

damaged

fit

.

to

ensure

the

compressor.

bolt

and withdraw

that

the brushes

Page

16

Fig.

ll

Compreuor

110,,

- e"ploded view

-------------

Rolls-Royce &

Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

Remove the retaining circlip

drive plate. Inspect the plate for wear

and

facing

renew the plate

for wear

Re-assemble

for cracked springs

if

necessary. Examine the bearing

and

clean . the collector rings.

the

clutch

and

and

withdraw the

or

loss

set

the

of
of

between the two drive faces by means

in

three adjusting screws

the drive plate.

should be 0.025 in. to 0.035 in.

Examine

brush

Note:

Shaft

With
compressor, press in
extract the circlip to permit withdrawal

the

brushes

unit

if

necessary.

Failure
presence
rings

of

of

and

the

grease

removed with a

and

petrol,

seal -To

the

the

replace

clutch assembly removed from the

for

wear

clutch

brushes

may

or

oil

. This should be

cloth

unit assembled

the

sealing ring seat and

and

renew

be

due

on

tbe

moistened wilh

and

of

assembly.

the

Remove any roughness from

by

lightly stoning,

then

coat

shaft surface

all

parts

refrigerant oil before re-assembling.

the fibre

tension;

air gap

of

the

The

gap

the

to

the

collector

tested.

the seal

with

Lubricant

The

following proprietary lubricants are

approved:

Mobil Gargoyle Arctic

155

Wakefield Icematic Heavy

Shell Clavus 33

New

compressors are supplied
containing
new compressor
some oil will

the

correct

remain

is

installed,

in

quantity

the

oil level must be checked and

dehydrated

of

oil.

it

is possible

and

When

that

system, therefore the

if

necessary

adjusted.

The

oil level

refrigerant

must

also

be

checked

is

extracted from the system.

when any

The correct oil level, when checked by a

It

dipstick, should be between

Oil

level -To

Run

the engine

check

at

fast idle with the refrigeration

in. and

system operating, until the compress

IO

warmed (approximately
no liquid refrigerant remains

minutes) to ensure

in

1!

in.

or

is fully

Lhat

the compressor

crankcase. Forward-seat the low pressure service

run

valve,

the engine for a further minute and

a

Fig. 12

Magnetic

clutch

- compre&&or

8.100

Page

17

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

switch off. Forward-seat the high pressure service

Do

not

valve immediately.

with the high pressure valve closed.

operate the compressor

Carefully slacken the gauge attachment capnut

on

each

service valve

to

release

the

gas pressure

from the head, then re-tighten. Thoroughly clean

and

dry the area around the oil filler plug and

slowly remove the plug so as to gradually release

the gas pressure from the crankcase .

When

releasing gas pressures, protective goggles

must

be worn to pre.,,ent any possibility

coming into contact with the eyes.

of

refrigerant

-------------

Measure

approximately

the oil

tin.

depth,

diameter.

using a

It

dry

, clean rod

may be found
necessary to rotate the compressor slowly by hand
to allow

'dipstick'

to

pass

the

crank

balance

the

weights.

Adjust the oil level by means

adding

or

drawing-off oil as necessary. Refit the

filler plug loosely; do not tighten the plug as

of

a syringe,

it

necessary to purge the air from the compressor.

Note:

It

is

recommended

that

oil be used only

from a sealed container.

To

purge

Slacken the protective cap
service valve.
valve very slightly and allow gas
the compressor for
gas
then the valve

Back-seat

the

is

still passing,

air

from

Open

about

tighten

capnut

both

service valves

the

com·pressor

on

the high pressure

the low pressure service

to

pass through

ten seconds. Whilst the

the oil filler

plug

.

and

refit the

and

protective caps.

THE CONDENSER

The

condenser

radiator matrix

Its

purpose
the compressor
refrigerant

The

then

matrix

matrix: is situated

and

the intake grille (see Fig.

is

to cool refrigerant gas delivered by

and

condense it; the liquid

passes

into

the receiver.

comprises two banks,

between

each

the

13)

of
sixteen horizontal tubes. A single inlet pipe con­veys compressed refrigerant
the

head

of

the matrix. This

to a 'Tee'

junction

junction

at

supplies the

is

F'ig.

13

two

banks

Condenser

independently. At the base

01.a1rix

matrix another junction connects them to the single
outlet.

A by-pass pipe to the flow control valve permits

high

pressure

the compressor when the valve

THE RECEIVER

The receiver
construction
forward

vapour

to

flow

is

a steel container

back

is

open

to

, secured by three bolts to a bracket

of

the frame front cross-

member

Fig. 14).

The

.

container;

inlet pipe union

the

is

outlet

situated

union

at

the top

is
midway down the right-hand end-face . Inside the
receiver, a pipe attached to the outlet union bends

the

base

of

downward to

that

ensure
drier

.

A fusible

liquid refrigerant only will pass to the

plug

(see Fig. 14),

, inserted

prevents

the unit in order to

at

the base

explosion

in

the

of

the

the

side

of

.

of

welded

(see

of

the

positioned

of

the unit

event

of

Page

18

-------------

Rolls-Royce &

Bentley

-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

fire. Under no circumstances must this be replaced

by

a solid

THE

The

front

refrigerant

(see

The

with flared connections

Screwed

to

prevent
protect
granulated silica-gel.

DRIER

drier

apron

(F

ig. 14).

unit

into

plug

.

unit

is

and

receiver

consists

the

inlet

the ingress

the

dehydration

mounted

in

the liquid line between the

and

of

below the right-hand

the twin

a steel

at

port

of

coarse impurities

solenoid

tubular

the inlet

is a metal gauze filter

shell fitted

and

charge, which is

At

the outlet end, a felt

valves

outlet.

and

to

pad,
retained by a perforated metal plate, prevents the
ingress

s

hould

10,000

unit; after

reason

of

fine impurities.

The

drier

unit

and

the

be

renewed

mile

s,

i.e. after

20,000 miles , renew

The

charge must also be renewed

the

system

alternately

10,000

is

opened

dehydration

at

intervals

miles,

the

renew

charge only.

if

to

remove

charge

of

the

for any

a faulty

unit.

To

remove

each

end

To

renew the charge, remove the union situated

at

the

inlet

to ensure

Extract

quantity

THE EXPANSION VALVES

Two

controlling

entering

The

valve body is a brass stamping and
basically
chamber

the

unit,

of

the

end,

that

the

spent

of

silica-gel.

release

shell.

clean

the

the felt filter is

charge

gauze

and

the

pipe

filter

not

replace

union

and

at

check

obstructed.

by a fresh

expansion valves are used, each valve

the

atomisation

its respective

comprises

and

an

outlet

evaporator

an

bore

of

the
matrix.

inlet

passage

; the inlet

refrigerant

, valve

and

outlet
bores are fitted with flared connections. A
renewable gauze filter is provided
to

prevent

could

The

in a hermetically sealed

the

obstruct

valve is

ingress

the

valve orifice.

operated

of

coarse

by the pressure difference

chamber

in

the inlet bore

impurities

containing

which

a

1 Dfll ER

Fig.

14

3

FUSIBLE

Drier

·2 RECEIVER

PLUG

aPd receive

r

Pog~

/9

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

-------------

bellows system.
nected

pressure
return
the
Expansion
the
a
The
adjusting
protected

to

the valve

The

bellows exterior surface is

governed

pipe

from

valve

by

and

valve

by

spring-loaded

spring

tension
spindle,
by

the

Adjustment
adjusts
initial testing

the

degree

at

re-adjustment.

In

the

event

will

be

noted

the

spindle
(2°C.)
always
wise

refrigerant

system.

the

THE

The
along
the

by-pa

the

condenser.

The
minimum
sure

side

high

pressure vapour

by

expanding

decrease

be

tightened

FLOW

flow

the

right-hand

ss

purpose

pressure

of

corresponds

CONTROL VALVE

control

line

the

introducing
compressor.
drop

in

the

compressor

ca

use

priming

The

interior

chamber

by

the

evaporator

a capillary

contraction

moving

piston

is

the

capnut

of

the

spring

of

superheat;

the factory

of

adjustment

that

one

to

the

after

may

escape

valve is

valance

between

of

this valve

of 2 lb

system.

from

it

through

it

to

the

This

prevents

of

the

oil.

of

the bellows is con-

by

a single drilled hole.

subjected

the

phial

clipped

and

connected

tube

(see Fig. 2).

of

the bellows

three

pins

, which

attached

varied

squared

at

the

to

by

end

base

tension

this is

and

should

being

complete

to

turn

approximately

superheat.. The

each

adjustment,

or

moisture

mounted

and

is

the

compressor

is

./s

q. in.

on

To

maintain

the

condenser

the

valve,

suction

too

heavy a pressure

operates

the

valve

means

of

which

of

the

6ffectively

set

require

necessary

clockwise

cap

may

connected

pipe

to

maintain

the

low

this

pressure,

is cooled

before

side

midwa)

of

crankcase, which could

to

to the

to

act

on

seat.

of

an

is

valve.

during

no

, it

of

3.6°F.

must

other-

enter

in

and

pres-

re-

the

The
directly connected
interior

beffows exterior
chamber;
opposition
the

sealed

When

valve

the
the valve will be

A

combined

device is

a.

valve

operation

conditions.

An

adjusting

to

valve
opening
and

should
adjustment
always

Fig. 15

outlet

Flow

port ( compressor

with

of a spring-loaded

is

subjected

thus

the

valve

to

the

spring

chamber.

the suction

chamber

line

pressure

opened

friction

incorporated

caused

screw

is

vary

the

spring

pressure.

require

be

be

tightened

This

no

further

necessary, the screwed

afterwards.

control

valve

suction

the

valve

chamber
bellows
to

pressure in a sealed

chamber

force

and

pressure

the

pressure,

, falls

to

by the spring.

and

bellows

to

prevent

by

rapidly

fitted

in

the

force

and

thus

is

set

during

adjustment. Should

line) is

and

the

system.

The

acts

pressure

and

therefore

2 lb./sq. in.,

damping

too-frequent

fluctuating

top

of

the

the

valve

initial testing

cap

must

in

in

Pa

ge20

----------

Air

--

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

-------

Conditioning

System

Manual

No

regular

than

that

required

it

should
Service
system
operational

The

periodic

SCHEDULES

Every

Check
belts. A
point
generator

be

Department

should

following

maintenance

2,500

the

6 lb.

of

the

pulleys

i in.

Every

require

actuator

obstructions.

air

Note:

5,000

In

addition

attention.

Apply

Linkages.

Examine

Inspect

intakes

These
generally

a few

the

for

maintenance

at

noted

that

for periodic

be

effect.

schedules

miles

tension

load

applied

rurl

between

should

miles

to

the

foregoing,

drops

the

condenser

filters

in

damage

filters

require

will

be

the

specified

whenever

checked

outline

operations.

of

the

compressor

to

each

the

cause

the

of

engine

matrix

the

fresh

or

blockage.

are

self-cleaning

no

attention.

SECTION

MAINTENANCE

necessary

intervals,

the

car
maintenance,
for

satisfactory

the

belt

compressor

the

belt

following points

oil to the flap

and

and

recirculated

other

enters

necessary

driving

at

the mid-

to

deflect

remove

and

but

the

and

all

will

C.5

Every

10,000

shorter

a

Discharge

approximately 5 lb./sq.

Remove
expansion
connections.

Remove

inlet port,

Renew

complete

Check
Page

17).

rings for

that the

Renew

belts (see 2,500 miles schedule).

intake

Pages

leakage.

switch
components

the

Adjust

Lubricate
Examine

filters

Evacuate,

27

Operate

miles

or

period

the

system

and

clean

valve inlet bores, by releasing

the

gauze

clean

and

either

drier

and

Inspect

the

carbon

brush

the

to

the

positions

the

unit

adjust

presence

brushes

unit

tension

the

flap

the

condenser

and

remove

sweep

29).

system

function

(see

the

and

Check

and

annually,

until
in.

the

two filters

filter from the

refit (see Page 15).

silica-gel

Page

the

compressor

magnetic

of

oil

if

necessary (see

of

the

actuator

any
charge

throughout

ensure

correctly.

whichever

the

pressure

situated

charge

19).

clutch

or

grease,

are

not

badly

compressor

Linkages.

matrix

obstructions.

all

and

the

connections

the

that

oil

full

is

the

falls to

in the

the

flared

compressor

or

the

level (see

collector

and

check

worn.

Page

17).

driving

the

air

system

(see

range

all

for

the

of

PageZI

~

~

"<

.,

...

"'

tt

0

3

'"'

::i

3

~

~

Q

:J

i:::

Q

-

a.

....

-.

0

~

-.

::i

ll'Q

'i!=i

9

J

g};

,...

~

5

6

l!!Q

,

MANIFOLD

LEAK

1

TUBE

4 TU

GAUGE

DETECiO~ LAMP

FLARING

BE

CUTTING

TOOL

TOOL

SET

~

Fig.

Sf"RING

16

S

SPANNER

b

SPANNER

7

RATCHET

B

THHMOMETH

MLANCE

Se,!'·l'ice

tools

,.ns

'"·

1

.oo

,n

. A/ f , _r; o

WP.ENCH

.

A/F ~ .e

.2SO

7S

in,

'"

A/F

in.

A/F

SQUl'.I\E

------------

Rolls-Royce &

SECTION C.6

SERVICING

Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

SPECIAL TOOLS REQUIRED

Part

No. Description

Number

off

RH.527 'Blaydon' leak detector lamp,

or

similar model

RH.528

Tube

flaring tool
RH.529 Spring balance, 0-25 lb.
RH.530 Thermometer

RH.531 Spanner, ring, l.125

X 0.875

A/F

RH.532 Spanner, ring,

X

LOO

A/F

0.75Q

A/F

A/F

I

RH.533 Wrench, ratchet, 0.250 square 1

Tube

RH.534

cutting tool I

RH.538 Manifold gauge set assembly l
Also: A pair

goggles

and

a First-Aid kit con-

of

taining medicated liquid paraffin, and saline wash.

PRECAUTIONS
HANDLING

Exposure

to

Large quantities

into a confined space

TO

BE

REFRIGERANT

refrigerant

of

refrigerant gas discharged

will displace

OBSERVED

the

WHEN

oxygen in

the air and could cause suffocation.

Liquid refrigerant which may accidentally

at

escape is

least 20°F. below zero

to come into contact with the skin

burn

by

the

rapid

transference

and

if

allowed

it

can

cause a

of

heat from the
skin to the liquid as it evaporates. Serious damage
to the eyes will result from contact with liquid

For

refrigerant.

this reason, goggles should always

be worn when contact might be possible.

Should liquid refrigerant come into contact with
the eye, immediate first-aid treatment is necessary
and

a doctor

as soon as

Fir&t-Aid

or

eye specialist should be consulted

is

possible.

treatment

Medicated liquid paraffin from the first-aid kit

an

should be applied to the eye from

eye dropper,

to wash away the Freon. The eye should not
rubbed, as this will increase the
the

eye remains painful after a few minutes, the

area

of

injury.

be

wash should be repeated, using a sterile salt
solution containing not more than

2%

sodium

chloride.

THE

IMPORTANCE

The efficient operation

OF

CHEMICAL STABILITY

of

the system

dependent upon the pressure-saturation tempera-

of

ture relationship

pure Freon

system contains only pure Freon

of

amount

compressor lubricant which mixes with

the Freon), it is considered

12.

So long as

12

(plus a certain

to

be chemically

the

stable.

air

Wlten foreign materials such as dirt,

or

moisture are allowed to enter the system, they will
affect chemical stability, change the pressure-

of

the

saturation temperature relationship
and

possibly cause freezing-up

of

the expansion
valve. Thus, the system will no longer operate
the correct pressures

and

temperatures, with a

Freon,

at

consequent decrease in efficiency.

The

sealing

Whenever it becomes necessary

refrigerant connection, the exposed

of

components

to

ends

break a

should

be immediately capped. Air entering the system

on

will carry moisture, which collects quickly

any

exposed surface, causing deterioration, owing to

of

the acidic properties

FAULT

In

DIAGNOSIS

order

to

facilitate fault diagnosis,

may be considered as two

viz. the

air

delivery system
circulation system; these
independently.
switches individually control
the fresh air

an air-Freon compound.

separate

and

should

The

upper

and

lower airstream

air

delivery through

and

recirculated

the

unit

systems,

the refrigerant

be checked

air

ducting

respectively.

If

is

Pagel)

Air

Conditioning

System

Air

delivery

Switch
delivery
out

over the full range

Failure
indicates a blocked intake
blower motor

Failure

when the knob

Manual

on

the blower motors

at

the duct outlets. This should

of

one system in all switch positions

or

flap actuator, or faulty wiring.

of

the fresh air blower

of

the upper airstream switch is in

-------

and

of

switch positions.

or

filter, a defective

motor

Rolls-Royce &

check the

be

carried

to operate

air

the pushed-in (medium speed) position only,
indicates a defective resistance
wiring fault. Failure
motor
(1st

to

operate

and

2nd clockwise

of

the recirculation blower

in the medium speed positions

and

or

switch

or

1st anti-clockwise)

of

the lower airstream switch will probahly be due to
a similar defect.

A failure in

be

caused by defective switch contacts. Complete

failure indicates a fuse, switch

Refrigerant

Initial

procedure

Site the

position. Check the tension
driving belts

one

switch position will probably

or

wiring defect.

circulation

car

in a well ventilated and shady

of

the compressor

and

the external cleanliness

of

the condenser, as detailed in the Maintenance

Schedule.

Start

the engine

and

allow it to

run

at

a fast idle,
operating the refrigeration system with the blower
motors

at

full speed. Visually check

that

the

magnetic clutch is operating.

Fault

location

An obstructed condenser matrix
efficiently
high

Blowers

Possible causes are as

and

will result in insufficient cooling and

compressor

and

compressor

head pressures.

opera.ting -No

follows:-

cannot

function

cooling

Bentley------------

5.

A faulty expansion valve.

6. Blower

motor

The following action should

1.

Check the system for leaks

re-charge.

2.

Test the operation
solenoid valves
faulty thermostat; service
tive solenoid valve.

a

3.

Inspect

check

all hoses

that

operating.

4. Test compressor head pressures

(see Page

5.

Test the expansion valves for correct

15).

operation;
necessary renew the unit.

6. Check

housing

that

have
the reverse direction. This will cause a
out

of

the intake. Reversing the motor leads

will

not

effect a cure.

Blowers

operating -Partial

Possible causes:

1.

Low refrigerant charge.

2.

A defective expansion valve.

3.

The

compressor operating above normal

pressure.

4. Restricted condenser tubes

line.

5.

A faulty thermostat

6.

The

condenser

7.

Incorrect refrigerant.

be

Action to

taken:

incorrectly installed.

be

taken:-

and

of

the thermostat and

and

adjust

or

and

pipes for

the

expansion

if

faulty, remove

the blower

not

matrix

motor

been

installed

cooling

or

solenoid valve.
obstructed.

rectify, then

or

renew a

renew a defec-

kinks

and

valves are

and

valves

and

clean

or

and

impeller

facing

flow

or

discharge

if

in

1.

Low

refrigerant charge.

2.

An inoperative thermostat

3.

A restriction in the refrigerant circuit.

4.

Incorrect functioning

of

valves.

Page

2.4

or

solenoid valve.

the

compressor

1.

2.

Check
Test

the system for leaks

the

expansion

valve, clean,

and

re-charge.

adjust

ren:ew.

3.

Test the compressor head pressures (see

Page

15)

and

if

necessary inspect the valves.

or

------------

4.

Discharge the refrigerant, remove the

Rolfs-Royce

discharge line, and inspect it for signs
restriction. Inspect the condenser

kinked
pressed air
lodge obstructions or,

or

obstructed tubes; apply dry com-

or

nitrogen to the tuhes to dis-

if

necessary, renew

the unit.

5.

Test the thermostats

and

solenoid valves

for correct operation, check the wiring con­nections.

6.

Inspect the condenser matrix for obstruc­tions and remove any foreign matter
cleaning the matrix with warm water and
applying compressed air from the side
adjacent to the radiator.

7.

Test the pressure-saturation temperature

of

the refrigerant (see Page

and

low

head

Lo-w

relationship

suction

pressure

Possible causes:

l. Refrigerant charge low.

2.

Filter-drier unit obstructed.

3.

An obstruction in the liquid line.

4.

An incorrect expansion valve superheat
setting.

5.

A damaged temperature control phial

not

phial

correctly

in

contact

adjacent pipe.

6.

An expansion valve filter
with.

moisture or grit.

7.

Faulty compressor valves.

or

port plugged

pressure

with its

for

by

26).

or

&

Bentley-------

5.

Inspect the temperature control phials for

of

maximum contact with their adjacent pipes,
and

examine the phials

for damage. Renew the complete valve

if

unit

6.

Remove and clean the expansion valves and

damage prevents correct operation.

filters.

7. Carry out the pressure test (see Page
this reveals a faulty valve, renew the valve

plate assembly.

Low

suction

The

discharge pipe

pressure

probable

or

tion should be removed or,

component renewed.

High

suction

pressure

Probable causes are:

1.

The superheat setting

or

valve

admission

valves

of

compressor.

2.

An obstructed condenser matrix.

3.

The presence

a

system.

4.

Too great a quantity

Action to be taken:

I. Test the expansion valves

necessary, renew a faulty valve.

Air

Conditioning

System

and

Manual

c·apillary tubes

15),

and

high

head

preuure

cause

is

a blockage

in

the

condenser tubes. The obstruc-

if

necessary, the

and

high

head

pressure

of

the expansion

is

too low, causing the

liquid refrigerant to the

of

air

and/

or

of

refrigerant.

and

moisture

in

adjust or,

the

if

if

Action to be taken:

1.

Check the system for leaks

2.

Clean

the

filter

and

renew the dehydration

or

charge

3.

A partial blockage in the pipe will create a
temperature fall
this will be obvious

renew the· complete unit.

at

the point

to

the pipe from the unit

and

of

the touch. Remove

and
obstruction, using dry compressed air or,
necessary,

4.

Check the superheat reading (see Page

reset or,

fit

a new pipe.

if

necessary, renew the expansion

valve.

re-charge.

restriction;

remove the

if

26),

2.

Wash the external surfaces

of

matrix with warm water and free the matrix

of

obstructions by applying compressed air

to the face

of

the matrix adjacent to the

radiator.

3.

Discharge the system and re-charge it with

of

the correct quantity

4.

Evacuate and re-charge the system.

Suction

pressure

correct

refrigerant.

but

head

pressure

Probable causes are:

1.

The presence

2.

Too

great a charge

of

air in the system.

of

refrigerant.

the condenser

high

Page25

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-

------

Rolls-Royce

&

Bentley------------

Action

to

be taken:

1.

Check the suction side

of

the system for

leaks and rectify. Discharge the refrigerant,

renew the dehydration charge in the drier,
and

evacuate. Re-charge with the correct

quantity

2.

Discharge the refrigerant and re-charge with

of

new refrigerant.

the correct quantity.

Head

pressure

correct

but

suction

preuure

low

Probable causes are:

I. Blower motor or motors not functioning.

2.

Restricted filter-drier.

3.

The

Superheat setting

valve

or

valves too high.

of

the expansion

Action to be taken:

I. Check the blower motor operation.

2.

Test the filter-drier and renew it

if

the

filters

are choked.

3.

Check the superheat settings.

Pressure

Switch off

tests

and

install the manifold gauge set

with both its valves firmly closed. Remove the
protection caps from the compressor service
valves

and

just

crack

open

both valves

by

rotat-

ing one half-turn clockwise.

Warning:

During these tests it is essential that
the compressor service valves are not

fully open, as this closes the system
delivery and intake valves and could
possibly cause

Run

the engine at fast idle wilh the refrigeration

system operating and the blower motors

an

explosion.

at

full

speed.

Turn

clockwise to damp

The

35

the compressor service valves anti-

out

any gauge fluctuation.

compound

gauge reading should be 20

to

lb.!sq.in. With the following ambient air

temperatures (temperature
pressure gauge reading should

60°F. (15.6°C.)
so°F. (24.7°C.)

100°F. (37.8°C.)

l l0°F. (43.3°C.)

Superheat

test

in

the shade) the

be:-

I00-150

lb.I

sq.in.

140-190 lb./sq.in.

180-240 lb.I sq.in.

230-280 lb./sq.in.

The system may be checked for correct

operation

by

testing the upper

and

lower

evaporators individually as follows: -

Attach the thermometer RH.530 to the suction
pipe from the evaporator. Cover the thermo­meter bulb and the pipe with a thick cloth

to
provide insulation from atmospheric temperature,
leaving the scale visible. Allow the engine to run
for a

few

minutes

at

1,200-1,800 r.p.m. with the
refrigeration system operating. Read the thermo­meter,
pressor.

and

the compound gauge

Add

3 lb./sq.in. to the gauge reading

at

the com-

to

compensate for pressure drop in the suction line.

Ref

er

to the following table to obtain the
saturation temperature corresponding to this
pressure and subtract this figure from the thermo­meter reading. The result should
and

15

° F. which is termed the

be

between

'Superheat

8°

Reading'.

Having obtained the correct values, any

can

inefficiency

only be attributed to poor air
delivery. In such cases, check the blower motor
operation and ensure that the inlet and outlet
ducts are unobstructed.

TO DISCHARGE

The

refrigerant must be discharged

system

prior

compressor unit joints which are protected

THE

REFRIGERANT

to breaking any

joint,

from

the

except the

by

the

service valves.

Do

not discharge in the presence

the refrigerant does not burn, but decomposes

of

an open flame;

to

form a poisonous gas.

Remove the protective caps from the com­pressor service valves. Just 'crack' the high
pressure valve in a clockwise direction, allowing

Page26

------------

Rolls-Royce

&

Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manuol

the refrigerant
atmosphere.

Pressure-Saturation

Pressure

lb./eq.h>..

20
21
22

23

24

25

26 27

27

28
29

30

JI

32

33

34 37

35 38

in

the system to be discharged to

Care

must

be

taken

Temperature

Temperature

•F.

19.5

21

22

23.5

24.5

25.5

28.5

29.5
31

32.5

33.5

34.5

36

not

to

reiease

the refrigerant too quickly as this will result in oil

being drawn from the system.

should

require

at

least

fifteen minutes

The

operation
to

ensure

complete discharge.

Always use
releasing
prevent damaging the flares

On

completion

evacuate

two

spanners

and

securing flared connections, to

of

repair work it is necessary to

and

sweep the system to remove all

in

opposition

or

tubes.

when

moisture before re-charging. The compressor oil
level

should

be

checked, as described under

'Compressor'.

TO EVACUATE THE SYSTEM

The

use

of a vacuum
advisable
pressor may

Fit

the

manifold

but

be

if

this is

utilised as

as illustrated in Figure
pressor

high pressure service valve

clockwise to the
pressure valve
turning

it

of

fully anti-clockwise.

pump
not

for

evacuation

available

the

com-

follows:-

gauge set to

17.

Forward-seat the com-

end

of

the

by

its travel.

compressor

turning

Open

the manifold gauge set by

is

it

the

Relationship1Table -

Press11re

lb.leq.io.

36

37

38
39
40
41

42

43
44
45

46

47

48

49

50

Close the vacuum valve

set

by

turning

pressure service valve

Freon

Temperature

"F.

39

40
41
42

43.5

44.S

45.5

46.S

47.5

48.5

49.5

50.5

51.S

52.25
53

it clockwise.

by

rotating it

12.

of

the manifold gauge

Just

'crack'

one

the

half

low

tum

clockwise.

Start

the engine
motors to
gauge

and

'Fast'

when a vacuum

and

switch

on

the blower

speed. Observe the vacuum

of

28

inches Hg
reached, allow the compressor to continue drawing
a vacuum for a further 10 minutes, then switch off
the

system

and

close

the

pressure

valve

on

the
manifold gauge set. These two operations must
carried

out

simultaneously, necessitating two

operators.

Switch off the ignition
conditions to settle before taking a reading
vacuum
tained for

gauge.

5 hours.

This

and

allow

20

minutes for

reading

If

a drop in vacuum is evident

should

be

of

the

main-

after this period, a leak in the system is indicated

(see

under

TO

SWEEP

Back-seat

turning

leak detection).

THE SYSTEM

the

high

pressure

service valve

it fully anti-clockwise. Forward-seat the
low pressure service valve by turning it clock­wise.
gauge
valves

Connect

set

on

the

centre

to a Freon

union

12

container.

of

the manifold

Close

the manifold gauge set by turning them

both

clockwise.

is

be

by

Page

ljl.

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce

&

Bentley-------------

Fig.

l 7 Manifold

Open

the valve

the

air for a few seconds
Attach
record

set
In
fore
start
to

in

a spring balance

the

Open

the

and

allow I lb.

some

cases,

the

pressure)

the engine

draw

in

the

the

time
refrigerant
checked
reading

frequently.

on

50 lb./sq.in. This

of

the

Freon

12

container, purge

and

then re-tighten.

to

the

container

weight.

vacuum

of

when

is low,

and

valve

gas

to

the

temperature

it

switch

of

the manifold gauge

pass

into

the system.

(and

may

be

necessary

on

the system in order

refrigerant. Owing to the variation

taken

remaining

the

to

charge, the

in

the

container

Do

not

allow the
compound
can

be controlled by regulating

gauge

weight

to

must

pressure

and

there-

to

of

be

exceed

the manifold gauge set vacuum valve.

Switch off

Close

the

back-seat

the

manifold

the

compressor

compressor

gauge

set

low pressure service

and

the ignition.

vacuum

valve

and

valve by turning it anti-clockwise . Close the valve
of

the

centre

refrigerant

hose.

Start

container

the

engine

and

disconnect

and

operate

the
the

gauge

set

in

poaition

system
blower

for
motors

Switch

approximately

at

full

speed

off

the

system

10

minutes

.
and

switch

with

off

ignition.

If

the

system

it

testing,

is
leak; this is possible
pressure
(see

and

Section
maintains
upon

completion

Ensure

set

are

that

closed.

valve two complete

Drain

the

pressure valve

TO

CHARGE

Before charging, it is necessary

fails

necessary

escape
on

Leak

the

vacuum

the

Turn

system
of

the

to

hold

the

vacuum

at

this

stage

to

because

of

refrigerant

Detection).

of

the

valves

the system is under

can

If

it

is

ready

sweeping

on

the

for charging

operation.

manifold

the high pressure service

turns

clockwise.

by slightly

opening

manifold gauge set.

to

draw

locate

be detected
the

system

out
refrigerant remaining from the s\Veeping operation.
Repeat

the evacuation process (see Page 27).

the

the

when

~he

gauge

the

the

Page 28

Rolls-Royce

&

Bentley -------

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

Back-seat

forward-seat
Connect
set to the refrigerant container

of

valve
manifold

the

high

pressure

the

low

pressure

the

centre

union

of

the container. Break
centre

hose

and

purge

service valve and

service valve.

the

manifold

and

the

joint

gauge

open

of

the air for a

the

the

few

seconds, then re-tighten.

Attach a spring

balance

to

the refrigerant

container and record the weight. Open the vacuum

of 'the

motors.
system,
place the container in a bucket
exceeding

heat. This could cause an explosion.

the
50
the

the

vacuum

disconnect the centre hose. Back-seat
valves
the
covers
leaks,

TO

operating
using
pressure
to obtain the correct pressure, it

manifold

Start

the engine and switch

If

even

reading

lb./sq.in. This

vacuum

When

7 lb.

system,

valve

Close the valve

on

the compressor.

gauge

the

refrigerant

with

113

° F. Do not apply a

on

the

can

valve

of

of

refrigerant

switch

of

the manifold gauge set.

of

manifold gauge set

on

the service valves. Check the system for

adopting

CHECK

Leak

detection should

the

FOR

LEAKS

pressure

the

Detector

tests

for

appropriate

set.

on

does

not

the

compressor

of

warm

flame

compound

be

controlled by regulating

the

manifold

off

the

the

Freon

gauge

has

been

ignition

12

gauge set.

and

container

Disconnect

and

refit

the

following

and

Lamp

be

under

RH.527

procedure.

carried

static

figures).

may

both

blower

fl.ow

into the

in

operation,

water not

, or localised

Do

not allow

to

exc

drawn

close the

both

service

and

remove

protective

out

at

conditions,

(see under

In

order

be

necessary

eed

into

and

full

to re-charge the system.

Pass the

over all

colour

when the

Note::

end

points

of

the

open

It is

important

pressure

of

the

detector

where leaks

lamp

flame

end

passes over a leak point.

wilJ

not

pump

when

possible leaks, as refrigerant will

into

the

fuel

container

ing

the

flame

to

remain
time.
placed

Futhermore

in

an

, the

adequately

position, otherwise refrigerant may persist

the

in

vicinity

of

misleading results.

RIGHT-HAND

Should

order

to

remove

procedure

The

right-hand

shell

fl1USt

to the wing

Open

suitable

it

be neces

carry

the

should

FRONT

out

underwing

WING - TO REMOVE

sary

to

leak

detecti

be

adopted:-

front

door

first be removed in order

securing

the

right-hand

support

bolts

beneath

: -

front door

the
weight. Remove the split pin
the checkstrap.

If

electrically

will be

ne

securing the cor{duit to

unscrewing the six

The

door

prevented

perated

o
be

window

moved

operated

cess

arv

may

then

by

the

, in which cas e the door

rearward

to

remove

hinge

be

leads

s to

windows

th
bolts.

removed

,the extent

lamp

flexible hose

are

possible. The

change

to

operate

in

the vicinity

of

the Lamp, caus-

green

car

to

green

the

lamp

be

drawn

for

some

should

of

be

ventilated

the

car

and

give

remove

unit,

and

on tests

the

and

the

to

and

door

clevis

are

the

wing

or

following

radiator

gain access

pla

ce a

to

take its

pin

from

fitted, it

th e three screws

e hinge post before

unless

to

the electrically

this

should

of

the leads.

in
to

is

Fig.

18

f..omprcssor

service

valve -backward-seated

·

'a:..

Fig,

19

Compree~or ~

ervice

Yah

·e -

forw1ud-seated

ua

Page

'l9

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

Rolls-Royce &

Bentley------------

Unscrew the four bolts which secure the top

the

radiator
centre stay, also the eight bolts securing the lower
end

of

apron.

Remove the four bolts securing the front apron

the

to
washers securing
the wing.

the radiator shell.

follows:-

edge

one bolt which secure
the lower edge.

vertical edge

ten bolts securing the wing to the valance. Dis-

connect the headlamp
remove the wing panel.

side fairings, also the four nuts, bolts and

Remove the side fairing, the front apron, and

The

Remove the six bolts from the rear vertical

of

Remove six bolts from the lower edge

Support the weight

shell

to

the

matrix

the

shell to the under-tray

the

right-hand

wing panel can

the wing, also two self-tapping screws and

the

of

the wing.

of

the wing

and

and

the

and

the front

side fairing to

then

be removed as

stainless steel strip to

and

and

remove the

side lamp cables and

of

bonnet

front

To

prevent loss
disconnecting the pipes from the
drain

the

radiator

the heater pipes immediately they are dis­connected, by inserting
and

clamping the hoses with worm drive clips.

Disconnect the two pipe unions

of

ends

forward end

rear

unit to the valance.

the snap connectors, then slide the underwing unit

off the motor housing, allowing the motor leads to
pass through the hole in the ducting; remove
unit from the car.

situated within the
the valance.

the solenoid valves.

Slacken the worm drive clip situated at the

of

Disconnect the transfer duct thermostat

snap connector leads.

Unscrew the seven nuts securing the underwing

Disconnect the fresh air blower motor leads at

Remove the two

of

engine coolant when

heater

matrix,

or

alternatively, seal

i in. bolts into their bores

at

the forward

the recirculation ducting.

actuator

rubber

coupling tubes,

seals protruding from

matrix,

at

the

the

the

Should

window have prevented removal
will be advisable to temporarily re-secure
hinges.

UNDERWING UNIT - TO REMOVE

Should the detection
similar fault necessitate the removal
matrices
follows.

Discharge the refrigerant from tlie system (see

Page 26).

Remove

Page 29).

Forward•seat
service valve by rotating clockwise to the
extent

pipe union at the junction adjacent to the
actuators.

Page

of

3.0

cables for

and

underwing ducting, proceed

the

right-hand

the

travel. Disconnect the evaporator return

the

electrically operated

of

the

door, it

of

a leaking matrix

of

front wing (see

compressor low pressure

the

or

the

as

full

flap

UNDERWING UNIT -

Pass the blower motor leads through the hole

in the front ducting
against the valance, so that the six mounting stqds
protrude through the valance, the rear duct locates
on

the

recirculation duct

over

the

housing
Secure the unit
and

nuts to the mounting studs
bolt, washer
Tighten
duct
the ducting

pipes; the hose from the water

connected to the lower pipe from the matrix.
Secure the hoses with worm drive clips.

correct anti-freeze mixture.

the

and

seal with adhesive tape the joint between

Connect the coolant hoses to the heater matrix

Top-up

to

and

worm drive clip

and

blower housing.

or

refill

TO

FIT

and

place the unit in position

and

the intake

of

the fresh air blower motor.

the valance by fitting washers

and

nut

at

the top

on

the recirculation

tap

the

radiator

matrix with the

end

fits

refitting the

of

the unit.

should

be

-------

-----

Rolls-Royce

& Bentley

---

--

--

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

Attach the blower motor leads and the transfer

duct

thermostat

leads to

their

respective

connectors.

Connect the pipes between the expansion

valves and the solenoid valves.

Secure the evaporator return pipe union

valance Tee junction.

at

the

Evacuate and sweep the system, then check for

leaks (refer to the appropriate Sections).

of

Charge the system with 7 lb.

refrigerant (see

appropriate Section).

Fit the wing.

if

Check and,

necessary, reset the actuator

adjustment.

Page

31

• I

AIR CONDITIONING

REFRIGERATION

O.M.C. UNIT

CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION
OPERA
ELECTRICAL
COMPRESSOR,

MAINTENANCE

SER

TING

UNITS

VICING . . SECTION

THE SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

CONTROL

VALVES

AND

ANCILLARY

SECTION
SECTION
SECTION

SECTION
SECTION

Cl
C2
C3

C4

CS

C6

Published

by

The Technical Publications Department

Rolls-Royce Limited

Pym's Lane,

Crewe

(T.S.D. Publication 744)

Printed in Great B~itain

by

William Hodge & Chilver Limited, London

-----------

Description

Air

Conditioning

- -

Rolls-Royce

& Bentley

-------

System

Manual

INDEX

Page

..

Ct

Operating the System

Introduction

To

Operate

To

Operate

Electrical Components

Blower Motors
Blower
By-pass Solenoid Valve
Rear Window De-mister Relay

Thermostat Control Switch

The Compressor, Control

Compressor

Condenser
Drier
Lubricants

Magnetic

Shaft

Maintenance

Safety Device
Schedules
Storage

(No.
(No.

Motor

Resistances

Remove

Level-To

Purge

Clutch

Clutch

Seal-to

A.209

•.

the

Renew

HH

Fault Diaguosis

To

Oil
To

Eaton
Electro Lock Clutch

Tecumseh
York

I Installation)

2 Installation)

Valves

and

and

Fit

Check

Air

cs
cs

C5

C7
C7
C9
C9

cs

Ancillary Units

Cll

Cl5

CIS

CJ3

CJI

Cl2

Cl7
Cl7
Cl7

Servicing

Charging
Chemical
Diagnosis
Discharging Refrigerant
Evacuating

Fault Location

Air

Refrigerant Circulation

First Aid

Leak Detectiou
Precautions
Pressure Tests

of

Sealing
Superheat Test
Sweeping

..

Tools

Stability-Importance

..

Circulation

Treatment

..

Components

of

C24
C20

C2l

C23
C23
C20

C20

C24
C20
C21

C20
C22

C23

Cl9

COMPRESSOR

,

CONDENSER

V)

'<

"'

...

lb

3

~

0

:::,

C:

Q

:ti,.

-.

~

n

0

:::,

0..

...

--

-·

0

:::,

::,

(1q

THE~MOSTAT

D
D

•

\

a.aw

HI~

HIGH

LOW

CONTI\OL SWITCH

PRESSURE

..

PRESSURE

PRESSURE

PRESSURE

VAPOUR

VAPOUR

LIQUID

LIQUID

'TEMPERATURE

I

EXPANSION

Fig. 1 Refrigerant Circlllation Diagram

VALVE

CONT~OL PHIAl

SIGHT

GLASS

1116

1

--------

Cl

Air

Conditioning

-

----

Rolls-Royce &

Bentley-------

System

Manual

Section

DESCRIPTION

The

vapour

Royce and Bentley cars
temperature and humidity
surrounding air temperature and humidity are high.

To achieve greater efficiency, Jablite
'Sundym' (tinted) glass and an exhaust
used to minimise heat penetration into the car
interior.

Circulation

CHLORODIFLUOROMETHA NE),

by a compressor, driven through the medium

electromagnetic clutch and

The

purpose

raise the pressure

vapour and also
the system. The high pressure, high temperature
vapour

is
denser which
matrix. Ambient air passes across the condenser
tubes by the forward motion
fan

action.

This air, which

refrigerant vapour circulating through the condenser,

creates a heat transfer between these two media .
Condensation

refrigerant (see Fig. 3).

compression system used on Rolls-

is

designed

in

of

the refrigerant, Freon I 2 (

Vee

belts (see Fig.

of

the compressor is two-fold; to

and

temperature

to

pump

the refrigerant through

to

reduce the

the saloon when

roof

insulation,

heat

shield are

DI-

is

maintained

of

an

2).

of

the refrigerant

delivered by the compressor to the con-

is

mounted

is

of

of

the vapour occurs, creating a liquid

in

front

of

the radiator

of

the

car

and engine

a lower temperature than the

Ct

At this point, as the liquid pressure
decreased, the temperature will correspondingly de­crease. Heat laden air from the
over the evaporator coil

fins

which the now cold refrigerant liquid
by

twin blower motors, via the return air

car

interior

and tu

is

immediately

is

passed

bes

(through

is

circulating),
c1ucts.

The high pressure and high temperature liquid now
passes to the receiver, which
just below the condenser, through the filter drier

is

a storage tank located

and
sight glass to the expansion valve located in the
evaporator assembly in the boot (see Fig. 4).

This automatic thermal expansion valve

is

the
dividing point, separating the high pressure and low
pressure sides

of

the system. It automatically meters

the high pressure, high temperature liquid refrigerant
through a small orifice into the low pressure area

the

evaporator

the pull

coil. The low pressure

of

the low pressure (suction) side

is

created by

of

of

the

compressor.

HIGH

PRESSURE

1

LOW

PRESSURE

3 COMPRESSOR

IMPORTANT,

DETAILS
ING

THE REMOVAL OF THIS PLUG

Fig. 2

Tecumseh

SERVICE VALVE
SERVICE VALVE

OIL

FILLER PLUG

REFER

TO

FOR

INSTRUCTIONS REGARD-

Compn~or

COMPRESSOR

in

Position

Section

Cl

C2

Air

Conditioning

System

Manua

I

-

----

-

Ro/ls-Royce

&

Bentley

----------

---

The temperature difference created by these two
media causes a heat transfer from the warm air to
the cold refrigerant liquid . As the liquid refrigerant
absorbs the heat from the air, the refrigerant vaporises
(or

boils) due

coil.

The cold, de-humidified air
through two outlet ducts situated m the rear parcel
shelf

of

Condensation

occurs with the reduction

This condensation is drained as water

evaporator a,-sembly

An expansion valve capillary tube strapped to the
evaporator coil outlet
of

the circulating refrigerant vapour. The pressure
corresponding to this temperature
diaphragm in the valve which opposes a balancing
spring tension. The action
forces closes
the increase or reduction
refrigerant vapour beyond the quantity necessary
to complete the vaporisation process.

In this manner, the valve automatically meters the

correct amount

porator

to

the low temperature in the evaporator

is

then discharged

the car interior.

of

the air moisture simultaneously

of

the air temperature.

by

two drain pipes.

is

sensit[ve to the temperature

is

of

these two opposing

or

opens the valve port in relation to

of

heat absorbed by the

of

liquid refrigerant into the eva-

coil depending upon the degree

out

of

the

relayed to a

of

superheat

exrstmg at the evaporator outlet.
clearly pointed
factory setting

unless thorough experience with such adjustment has
been gained.

The refrigerant vapour from the evaporator coil
(bearing the heat from the car interior)
into the suction side
and begins

Prevention
control
the action

which controls a solenoid by-pass valve. The ther­mostat
casing and has a manual setting with seven positions.

Normal thermostat setting
sufficient cool air flow across the condenser
the air delivery volume set
manual setting accordingly. In adverse conditions
stated
necessary to set the control
(bulb) from the thermostat

evaporator coil and

As
tion
thermostat setting will cause the points to close.

of

is

located on the left-hand side

or

in the cooler, more humid climates it may be

the thermostat points are 'normally open', reduc-

of

the coil temperature below the predetermined

out

that

no attempt to alter the

of

the expansion valve should

of

the compressor, compressed

another

the

of

cycle.

of

the evaporator coil from icing and

car

interior temperature

a thermostat in the evaporator assembly

is

position

at

a minimum, reduce the

at

'O'. A capillary tube

is

inserted adjacent to the

is

sensitive to the coil temperature.

It should

is

then pulled

is

obtained by

of

the evaporator

6.

be

For

or

be

made

in-

with

as

Section

Fig. 3 Evaporator Unit Installed in Boot

CJ

-------------

Rolls-Royce

& Bentley

-------

Air

Conditioning

System

CJ

Manual

EVAPORATOR

2

EXPANSION

l

THERMOSTAT

~

BLOWER

Fig. 4 Evnpore.tor Unit with Cover Removed

MOTOR

This creates an electrical circuit to a normally

closed solenoid valve coil, causing the valve to open.

The valve, located under the bonnet and adjacent to

the

right-hand valance,

and

to a

•r

compressor.

connection on the suction side

As

is

connected to the condenser,

the

valve opens, high pressure

of

the

vapour from the condenser is mixed with the low
pressure vapour from the evaporator. The resultant

MATRIX

VALVE

CONTROL

SWITCH

pressure raises the evaporator pressure and corres­pondingly increases the evaporator temperature. The
thermostat
variation

is

governed for an approximate 5°F.

at

any setting.

If

the evaporator temperature
varies more than 5°F., the thermostat points will
open, simultaneously closing the solenoid by-pass
valve.

Sution

Cl

-----

--

---

-

--

Rolls-Royce & Bentley------

Section C2

OPERATING THE SYSTEM

Air

-

System

cs

Conditioning

Manual

INTRODUCTION

Two slightly different control switches are fitted to

operate the Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud

S2

car

Air Conditioning (Refrigeration) O.M.C. unit;

in

these are described
tion (No.

control

of

the steering column (see Fig.
with a centre
buttons on either side, marked LO,
Those to the left
left-hand blower speed

control the right-hand blower speed.

The second installation (No. 2)
that
switch panel is an additional toggle type switch.

TO OPERATE (No . 1 INSTALLATION)

A. Turn the switch marked

l)

of

sw

itch panel located immediately to the left

'OFF-ON'

on

the extreme right

detail below. The first descrip-

operation covers the push-button

cancelling button with three

of

the

'OFF-ON'

and

likewise those to the right

of

the push-button control

'LOWER'

11

and Bentley

5)

which

is

provided

MED

and

button control the

is

similar except

(located on

HI.

the facia panel) to the
(The compressor

refrigerant through the system).

B.

To Operate both Blower Motors

Select the required blower speed and push

respective buttons on the push-button control panel.

C. To Operate

'IN'

Push
all buttons). Push
speed desired.

TO OPERATE (No.

A. Push
'CLUTCH'
push-button control panel).

B. Blower motor selection

Band C of No. I

the centre

'UP'

(located on the extreme right

FIRST

is

now operative and circulates the

One

Blower Motor

'OFF-ON'

'IN'

2 INSTALLATION)

or

'DOWN' the toggle switch marked

INSTALLATION

position anti-clockwise.

button

the

button

of

the blower

and

speed desired see

OPERATION.

'IN'

(this cancels

of

the

and

the

Fig. 5 Blower

Motor

( :ontrol Panel

Section C2

~

"

i·

Q

BLOWER

MOTORS

7-

BUTTON SWITCH PANEL /

"<

""

"'

...

II)

3

~

Q

:i

C:

Q

):a,

....

.,

('\

0

:i

~

...

-·

-·

0

:i

-·

::i

OQ

6<

RE

AUXILIARY

TO ~EARWI

FUSE

Ol•HISTU

.

"=

REAP.

WINDO.;,,

DE-MISTER

LOOM

I LACk

8U l ~

/WHITE

~

RELAY

Fig. 6 Wiring Diagralll

1--.:;SL.._~"'-"-K----+--OO

'LOWER'-~

AIR CONDITIONING

SWITCH

ff

/

B 111

-------------

Ro//s-Royc.e & Bentley-------

Section C3

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

Air

Conditioning

System

C7

Manual

THE BLOWER MOTOR RESISTANCES

Two resistance units are incorporated in the circuits

for the two blower

The

resistances

hand

side

of

The

resistance unit

with the right -hand blower

The resistance consists
domed fibre cover.
medium speed

motors

are

the bulkhead and secured by screws.

motor

.

mounted together

mounted

The

operation.

to the right

motor.

of

a wire coil inside a

coil has a centre tapping for

on

the right-

is

in circuit

THE

BLOWER MOTORS

The twin blower motors are situated at each end

of

the

evaporator
iden tic a I uni ts and are
no

attention.

Each

motor
minium fan which draws air, from the central duct
on

the parcel shelf, through the

and

discharges through its individual

quarter.

The

two motors are operated independently
push-button
column. Three speeds are made available by the
introduction

of

casing in the boot. They are

sel

f-1

u br ica ting, th

has a centrifugal drum-shaped alu-

evaporator

control panel adjacent to the steering

resistances with centre tappings.

us

duct

req

ui

ring

matrix,

in the rear

by

the

Fig. 7 Blower Motor Resistances

Section CJ

1·

...

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-----

--

Ro/ls-Royce &

Bentley--------------

Fig:.

II

THE

Tl1ER:\-I0STAT

A seven-positiot1 switch mounted

of

the

side
tempc1-~lt

evaporator

ure

of

the solenoid

CO:'IITROL

SWITCH

01

1 the left-hand

casing controls the

by-pass

val

vc.

A capillary tuhe 1·rom the lo(, ot' the thermostat

enters

the

scn.,itive to

of

ment

the

the solenoid

This

prevents

matrix.

w"hich

evapornlor

the

tcmpernlun:
swi
va

Ive

too

could

matrix, rnaki

tch position

w i

11

open .rnd cyclc the

low a

temperature

cause icing

11g

the thermostat

ul'thc

euolcd <11r. Adjust-

vanes

the

poi11L

i11

the

of

the

fi11s

al which

co;11

pressor.

evaporator

and rc:duced

airnow.

I

42 -40 F

I

40

-3~

2 3

_,g

F

-36

l·

Thermo~tat

cut-111

36

-34 F

( on trol Sn itl'h

A

11

in

lernul adj u,;trncnt
~etti ng o
be

,ct

1·

the

swi

to

the required range !givrn below)

rep lacc:mcn l switch

should
should

lhc

be

nccl:ssan-. \VARN

11evcr

be

~ystern

is

operating

lch tem pern tu re range. This

placed

is

filled; no

in

as

screv,,·

I~(;.

the

this could

!he solenoid valve and the compressor·.

The

ponding

approximate

to the ,;even operating

minim

um

follows:-

32

(,

-30 F

JO

4

s

34 -32 F

is

prnvided

Curt

her

adjustment

The s\vitch knob

'OFF"

-28 F

position \vhen

muse

temperatures

pos1

tions an:

7

t·or

i nitw 1

rn

ust

whc:n

danrnge lo

corres-

as

a

Seuit111

C3

)

-

-----------

- - Ro/is-Royce &

THE BY-PASS SOLENOID VALVE

Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

C\I

Manual

Model-Danfoss

FXMW

right-hand

on

The

solenoid valve

the valve body).

valance and
line between the
condcmer.
thermostatic
evaporator

The

of

cooling, preventing icing

Operation

switch controlled by a phial

matrix.

purpose

maintain a minimum
low pressure side
pressure, high p ressure
passed
suction side
too
which

through

of

heavy a pressure

could

cause priming

The

construction

The

lower end

EVJD-6 (Stamped

is

mounted

is

connected

compressor

of

this valve

pressure

of

the system.

the valve

of

vapour

intake

the valve

is

to

of

the

of

from the

and

reintroduced

evaporator,
2 lb/sq. in. on the

the compressor. This also prevents

drop

in the

compressor

of

the oil.

of

the

valve

is

shown

of

the

moving core

insert which seats against a nozzle

wards

from the body

is

open, the

core
spring-loaded plunger which
as to
end

extend

of

from

the solenoid bore (see Fig. 9).

seat

the

of

the

valve. When

is

held against the nozzle by a

is

situated

upper

face and

FXM

midway along

in

the by-pass

pipe

and

is

governed by a

in

control

the

degree

and

To

maintain this

condenser

to

crankcase

in

Figure

has a rubber

protruding

the

circuit

in

the core so

contact

the

or

the

the

the

to

the

9.

up-

blinc1

) -

--

-

4 ·

is

6

--.

,

8

9

e

104

When

the
wards
holes in

coil is energised

and

the refrigerant flows

the

rubhcr

diaphragm

the

through

which

nozzle, leaving via the nozzle orifice.

Since

the

total area

diaphragm

the

resultant pressure

diaphragm

is

less

to

lift

refrigerant to flow from the

under

the di

aphragm,

passing the two inlet holes

permitt

ing full flow.

A leak

from

the valve casing will

to inefficient sealing; renew

the

cover

valve

and

between
refit the

A leaking valve may

diaphragm

or a damaged

of

than

the

drop

from

to the outlet

body

and the valve

tighten

be

the

two inlet holes in

area

of

in the

cham

its seating, allowing

annular

and

the nozzle orifice

the

the

six retaining screws.

caused either by a faulty

core

rubber

core

is

drawn

up-

two small

mounts

the

the

the nozzle orifice,

bcr

causes

the
the

inlet groove,

port,

thus by-

and

probably

be

due

rubber 'O' ring

chamber

cover,

insert.

RETAINING
IDENTIFICATION

2

(FITTED
TYPE

3

SOLENOIO

~

VALVE

TO

ONLY)

AND

CHAMBER

Fig. 9

SCREW

PLATE

EAisL Y

CASING

COVER 9

By-p11ss

5

SECURING
MOVING

7

DIAPHRAGM

B SEALING

VALVE

Solenoid Valve

CORE

isl

BODY

SCREWS

AND

NG

NOZZLE

THE REAR WINDOW DE-MISTER RELAY

In

order

to prevent heavy loading

the

resulting from

refrigeration system and the
window de-mister unit working in
is

incorporated

rear

the
is

bci ng passed

The relay is

of

the

bulkhead.

in

the system to

window de-mister whenever refrigerated air

in

to the car.

mounted

on the

of

opposition,

break

uppcr

right-hand

the

the

circuit for

battery,

Section

rear

a relay

side

CJ

C/0

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

--

---

- - Rolls-Royce &

Bentley---

------

-

---

Section C4

Fig.

10

Tecumseh

Compressor-Exploded

B IOI

View

--

---

------

--

Rolls-Royce

Section C4

& Bentley

------

Air

-

System

Cl/

Conditioning

Manual

THE

THE

COMPRESSOR

The compressor used in conjunction with the

O.M.C. unit
cylinder unit, with an Eaton Electromagnetic clutch
(see Fig.

COMPRESSOR,

is

either the Tecumseh

2),

or

the York A.209 with

CONTROL

HH

vertical twin

an

Electro Lock

r nc. clutch.

Replacement units are readily available

recommended
attempted, except
plate, oil seal

necessary.

FAULT DIAGNOSIS

When carrying

the high pressure side indicates an inoperative valve
or

defective gasket.
the engine speed to 'slow idle' and turn th~ com­pressor low pressure service valve clockwise to the
forward-seated position. The compound gauge
<;hould
diately if the intake valve

leaking shaft seal will permit a rise to atmospheric
pressure. A rise above atmospheric pressure indicates
a defective gasket,
seating correctly.

service valves to seal off the
pressure from the head as described for the oil level

check.

valves and cylinder bores. A damaged valve will
necessitate changing the valve plate assembly; where

a cylinder bore

pressor must be fitted.

and

before fitting.

COMPRESSOR

To

release the compressor pressure, as described for the

regbter

Switch off and observe the gauge readings. A

Before disturbing any compressor joint, close the

When the cylinder head

When re-assembling, clean all

immerse the new gaskets

Remove

Remove the magnetic clutch.
Forward-seat both compressor service valves and

that

any major overhaul work

by

the manufacturers. The valve

and

clutch bearing may

out

pressure tests, a low reading on

To

confirm the diagnosis, reduce

12

in. to

or

is

badly scored, a replacement com-

UNIT-TO

18

in. Hg. almost imme-

is

satisfactory.

that the delivery valve

!>ystcm,

is

removed, txamim: lht:

joint

in

clean refrigerant oil

REMOVE AND FIT

and

it

is

not

be

renewed

is

not

and

release the

faces carefully

be

as

VALVES AND ANCILLARY UNITS

oil level check. Release the screws securing the

service valves to the compressor. Remove the gauze
filter from the compressor inlet port (also the :fibre
washer

situated beneath the compressor mounting bracket
and remove the compressor unit, leaving the service
valves connected to the pipes.

To Fit

then purge the

clockwise until fully back-seated.

conditions. Install the gauge set, check the pressures

and

correctly.

MAGNETIC CLUTCH-COMPRESSOR

The Eaton Clutch, as Fitted to the Tecumseh HH

driven by twin 'Vee' belts from the engine, and a
drive plate attached by a flexible coupling plate to the
forward end

when the circuit
carried
closed, current to energise the electromagnet

veyed through two carbon brushes mounted
compressor body
att::iched to the inner face
electromagnet attracts the drive plate which
with a fibre friction facing to take up the drive to the
compressor.

Eaton

flywheel
Care should

to ensure

drive plate. Inspect the plate for wear
facing and for cracked springs

renew the plate if necessary. Examine the bearing

for wear and clean the collector rings.

on

Tecumseh units).

Unscrew the four compressor securing setscrews

When fitting the compressor, secure all connections,

air

and

turn

both

service valves anti-

Test for leaks under operating conditions

ensure

The clutch consists

The flywheel

Remove the single retaining bolt

Remove the retaining circlip and withdraw the

that

the complete system

of

an electromagnetic flywheel

of

the compressor crankshaft.

is

constantly driven

is

open, idles on a single bearing

on

the drive plate shaft. When the circuit

and

two copper collector rings

Clutch-To

and

that

Remove

drive plate assembly from the crankshaft.
be

exercised when removing the assembly

the brushes arc not damaged.

by

of

the flywheel.

and

or

and

is

functioning

the engine and

withdraw the

of

loss

of

static

is

con-

on

the

The

is

fitted

the fibre

tension;

is

Section C4

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-------

l'ig.

11

Rolls-Royce

Eaton

Magnetic

&

Bentley

--------------

B.100

Clutch

Re-assemble the clutch and set the air gap between
the two drive faces
screws in the drive plate. The gap should be 0·025 in.
to 0·035 in.

Examine the brushes for wear

unit

if

necessary. Failure
to the presence
and

brushes. This should be removed with a cloth

moistened with petrol and the unit assembled

tested.

The

Electro Lock Magnetic Clutch

York

A.209

This clutch differs from the
solenoid does
secured to
stationary.
the necessity for feed brushes
reduces servicing to the provision
the bearings on which the clutch rotates.

Electro Lock

Remove the
the compre5sor
into
enough
withdraw the clutch

Extract
withdraw the shaft and driving plate. Inspect the

the

The

Clutch-To

the bore

of

to free the clutch from the crankshaft, then

the spring ring from the clutch shaft

by

of

means

grease

of

the three adjusting

and

of

the clutch may

or

oil on

renew the brush

the

collector rings

as

Eaton

clutch

not

rotate with the Aywheel but

compressor

stationary

crankcase

solenoid design eliminates

and

and

collector rings and

of

lubrication for

Remove

central

retaining

crankshaft;

the clutch. Screw in the bolt

and

bolt

and washer from

insert

at

in.

remove the bolt.

Fitted

in

thus

UNC.

be

due

and

to

the

that

the

is

remains

bolt

just

far

and

drive springs
in the

annular

Check
lubricated and
wear.

Shaft Seal-Tecumseh

With
pressor, press in the sealing ring seat

circlip to permit withdrawal

Remove
lightly stoning, then
before re-assembling.

Shaft

Seal-York

and

nylon spigots, also the fibre facing

groove

that

the bearings in the pulley are adcq uately

the clutch assembly removed

any roughness from the

in

rotate

freely without roughness

HH-To

coat

A.209-To

the driving plate.

Renew

of

the seal assembly.

all parts with refrigerant oil

Renew

REMOVAL

Remove the flywheel
key from the

Remove the seal plate capscrews
gently pry the seal plate loose, taking
or

scratch the flat sealing surfaces

shaft

surface.

hand

should

the

carbon

Do

not

sharp

ring

pry

object

compressor

When

be held

if

or

in

such a

or

clutch

shaft.

removing the seal plate, the

under

the seal housing to

it

is

free.

force the

carbon

manner

and

as to

from

the com-

and

extract the

shaft

surface by

the

woodruff

and

washers

care

not

or

the polished

ring with a

damage

to

catch

hard

or

and

mar

the

Section C4

-----------

- -

Rolls-Royce & Bentley-------

Air

Conditioning

System

C/3

Manual

carbon ring.

In

some cases it may be bonded to the

retainer.

Remove the seal assembly from the shaft

that

behind the drive ring which is

portion

by

of

the seal

prying

assembly farthest back on the shaft. When prying
the seal assembly from the shaft, do not scratch the

crankshaft

or

the sealing housing face on the

crankcase.

All parts should

INSTALLATION

Check the front face

journal

in

the seal housing, to make certain

be

cleaned prior to re-assembly.

of

the crankshaft front bearing

that

the
two seal drive pins are in place. These two drive pins
are located l

B0°

apart

on the front bearing journal

face.

Wash all portions

of

the seal assembly in clean

refrigerant oil.

Push the seal assembly, less the carbon ring,

free, over the end

of

the shaft, with the carbon ring

if

it

is

retainer facing out. Move the assembly along the

shaft a

few

times to ensure a good seal between the

neoprene ring and the shaft. Push the seal assembly

all the

way

on the shaft making sure the slots in the

seal drive ring engage the drive pins on the shaft

bearing journal face.

If

the carbon ring is separate, place it in the ring

retainer

The carbon ring must engage the driving lugs and be

so

that

the polished surface is facing out.

fully seated in the ring retainer.

Place a very light film

of

clean refrigerant oil on
the matching metal foccs where the seal plate gasket
is

to be placed. Place the seal plate gasket, dry, in

position on the seal housing face.

Fig. 12 York Compressor

in

Position

Place the seal face plate in position with the polished
portion facing the carbon ring and insert the cap­screws with the washers.
evenly while rotating the shaft, making sure there
even clearance between the shaft
the face plate.

If

clearance is not the same all

Turn

in the capscrews

and

is

shaft hole in

around the shaft, gently tap the seal face plate into
position until there is equal clearance. After equal
cleo.ro.nce

is obtained, tighten all the capscrews

by
tightening diagonally opposite capscrews evenly to
the required

90

lb. in. torque.

LUBRICANTS

The following proprietary lubricants are approved for
compressors:-

MOBIL

TECUMSEH

YORK A.209

HH

GARGOYLE

ARCTIC

155

REGENT

use

in the Tecumseh

CASTROL SHELL

ICEMATIC

TEXACO CAPELLA E

HEAVY

HH

and

CLAVUS

York

33

A.209

Section

C4

Cl+

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

-

------

Rolls-Royce & Bentley

--

--------

----

Fig.

13

Filler

Plug-York

New compres!'.ors
containing
compressor
will remain

be checked

The

refrigerant is extracted from the system.

The

when checked by a dipstick,

It

in.

1-±

in.

the correct

is

in!>taHed,

in

the system, therefore the oil level

and

oil level must also be checked when

correct oil dep th

The

correct oil

are

quantity

it

if

necessary adjusted.

in

depth

Compressor

supplied dehydrated

of

oil. When a new

is possible

the Tecumseh compressor,

is

between

in the

York

that

some oil

Ii

in. and

A.209

and

must

any

is

Measure the oil

approximately

necessary to

allow the 'dipstick' to pass the

Adjust the oil level by means

or

drawing-off oil as necessary. Refit the filler plug
loosely;
purge the

NOTE:

from a sealed container.

To Purge the Air from the Compressor

Slacken the protective cap on the high pressure
service valve.
very slightly

compressor for

still passing, tighten the oil filler
valve cap nut.

Back-seat both service valves and refit the protective

caps.

rotate

do

not

air

from the compressor.

It

depth

i in. diameter.

the compressor slowly by hand to

tighten the plug as

is

recommended

Open

and

allow gas to pass

about

usrng a dry, clean rod

It

may

crank

balance weights.

of

a syringe,

it

is

that

oil be used only

the low pressure service valve

through

ten seconds. Whilst the gas

plug

and

be

adding

necessary to

then the

found

the

is

Oil

Level-to

Run
system operating, until the
(approximately
refrigerant remains
Forward-seat
engine for a further minute
seat the high pressure service valve immediately.

Do

not operate the compressor with the high pressure

Check

the engine at fast idle with the refrigeration

compressor

10

minutes)

in

the low pressure service valve, run the

to

the compressor crankcase.

and

is

ensure

switch off.

that

fully warmed

no liquid

Forward-

valve closed.

Carefully slacken

each

service valve to release

head,

then

re-tighten.

area

around

plug

so as to gradually release the gas pressure from

the crankcase.

When rdeasing gas pressures, protecrive goggles

must

be

coming into contat:t

Section C4

the oil filler

11·orn

the

gauge

attachment

the

gas pressure

Thoroughly

plug

and

to

pre\'ent any possibility

11·ith

the eyes.

cap

nut

from

clean

and

dry the

slowly remove the

of

refrigerant

on

the

Fig. 14 Condenser Matrix

---------

----

Rolls-Royce

CONDENSER

The

condenser matrix

radiator

matrix

Its purpose is

compressor

and the

to

cool refrigerant gas delivered by the

and

condense

is

situated between the

intake

grille (see Fig. 14).

it;

the liquid refrigerant

then passes into the receiver.

The

matrix comprises two banks, each

horizontal

tubes. A single inlet pipe conveys com­pressed refrigerant
the matrix. This
independently.

junction

connects

to

junction

At

the

them

a 'Tee'

junction

supplies the

base

of

to

the single outlet.

the matrix

of

at

the head

two

sixteen

of

banks

another

A by-pass pipe to the solenoid valve permits high

pressure
the compressor when the valve

vapour

to

flow back

to

the suction side

is

open.

of

THE RECEIVER

The

receiver

is

a steel container

of

welded con­struction, secured by three bolts to a bracket forward
of

the frame

The
container;
down
a

pipe

to

the base

refrigerant only wil l pass

A fusible plug, inserted

prevents explosion in

circumstances must

front

cross-member (see Fig. 15).

inlet pipe union is situated

the

the

right-hand

outlet

union

end-face. Inside the receiver,

at

the

is

positioned midway

attached to the outlet union bends

of

the unit

in

order

to ensure

to

the drier.

at

the base

the

event

of

fire. Under no

thi.<;

he replaced by a solid plug.

top

of

downward
that

liquid

of

the

the

unit,

& Bentley

Air

Conditioning

--

---

- -

System

Fig. 16 Compressor and Refrigerant Lines

C/5

Manual

8180

Fig.

THE

DRIER

The

drier

apron

(see Fig. 15),

the

elbow

at

The

drier unit consists

with

flared connections

I

SIGHT

2 RECEIVER

3

15

Drier, Receiver and Sight Glass

unit is

mounted

and

the

outlet

GLASS

DRIER

below the right-hand

has a sight glass

end.

of

a steel

at

the inlet

tubular

front

attached

shell fitted

and

outlet.

to

Screwed
prevent the ingress
protect the dehydration charge, which
Silica-gel.

into

the inlet

At

the outlet end, a felt pad, retained

port

is

a metal gauze filter

of

coarse impurities

is

granulated

perforated metal plate, prevents the ingress
impurities.

The

drier unit

be

renewed alternately

i.e.,

after

10,000 miles, renew the unit;

and

the

dehydration

at

intervals

charge should

of

10,000 miles,

after

miles, renew the charge only.

The

charge must also be renewed

the system is opened

To

remove the unit, release the

end

of

the shell.

To

renew the charge, remove the union

to

remove a faulty unit.

the inlet end, clean the gauze filter
ensure
the

that

the felt filter

spent

charge and replace

is

not

if

pipe

obstructed.

by

a fresh

for

union

and

quantity

any

situated

Silica-gel.

to

and

to

by

of

fine

20,000

reason

at

each

at

check

to

Extract

of

Section C4

a

--

----

-------

Ro/ls-Royce & Bentley------

Air

Conditioning

System

C/7

Manual

Section

MAINTENANCE

The complete system should be checked every six

months for correct operation and topped-up with

of

of

the

refrigerant as necessary, particularly after periods
non-use

winter months.

l.

of

the Air Conditioning System during

EVERY 5,000

Check the tension

A 6 lb. load applied

drive-side run
deflection

of

of

of

either belt should cause a

i in.

Mil.ES

the compressor driving belts.

at

the mid-point

C5

2. Using compressed air, thoroughly clean the
of

condenser matrix fins

STORAGE

The operation

before

use

after storage as loss

due to leakage past seals.

SAFETY DEVICE

A fusible plug is inserted
explosion in the event
must this be replaced

of

all foreign matter.

the system should be checked

of

refrigerant

in

the receiver to prevent

of

fire. Under no circumstances

by a solid plug.

can

ensue

Section C5

--

- -

--------

- - Ro/ls-Royce & Bentley

-------

Air

Conditioning

System

C!Y

Manual

Section

SERVICING

The following special tools are available and can be
ordered through Rolls-Royce and Bentley distributors,
if required.

Part

No.

RH.531

RH.532 Wrench, Ring, ·750 in.

Wrench, Ring. 1·125

·B75

1

RH.533 Wrench, Ratchet, ·250

RH.5J8 Manifold Gauge Set, Assembly

Description Off.

m.

A/F x

in.

A/F

A/F

·000

in. A/F

in.

square

x

..
..

C6

RH.530
RH.529
RH.527 'Blaydon' Leak Detector Lamp,

RH .

RH.534

RH.669

Thermometer

Spring Balance, 0-25 lbs.

Similar Model

Tube Flaring Tool

528

Tube Cutting Tool

Filter

..

Goggles, Pair

Kit.

First Aid, containing medicated

liquid paraffin and

..
..

sa

Ii

ne

wash.

or

9

MANIFOLD

2

LEAK

DETECTOR LAMP

J TUBE FLARI

.f

TUBE

CUTTING

ri

,I

8 8

GAUGE

NG

TOOL

TOOL

~

.~

SET

~

6

e

--

9 SPRING

Fig. 17 Service Tools

BALANCE

~

5

SPANNER

6

SPANNER

7

RATCHET

B THERMOMETER

4

~

I ·125 ,n. A/F x ·875 in.
I ·000

1n.

A/F

x ·750 in.

WRENCH

·250 in. SQUARE

A/F
A/F

Sec/ion C6

CJO

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

---

--

-

Rolls-Royce

& Bentley

--

-

--------

--

PRECAUTIONS
HANDLING

Exposure to Refrigerant

Large quantities
a confined space will displace the oxygen
and

could

cause suffocation.

Liquid refrigerant which may accidentally escape

at

least 20"F. below zero
contact
rapid
as
result from
reason, goggles should always be
might be possible.

the eye, immediate Firs, A id is necessary

or

possible.

:First

should
wash
as this will increase the
remains painful
be repeated. using a sterile salt solution
not

The Importance

upon
ship
only
pressor lubricant which mixes with the i:reon). it
considered to be chemically stable.

are

chemical stability.
Temperature
cause freezing up
system will
and
efficiency.

The Sealing

Whenever
gerant
immediately capped. Air entering the system will

carry

with the skin, it

transference

it evaporates. Serious

Should

Medicated liquid paraffin from the First Aid

The

When foreign materials such as dirt.

liquid refrigerant

eye specialist should be consulted

Aid

Treatment

be applied

away

the Freon.

more

than

efficient

the Pressure-Saturation

of

pure

pure

Freon

allowed to

no

temperatures, with a consequent decrease

connection, the exposed

moisture, which collects quickly

TO

BE

OBSERVED

REFRIGERANT

of

refrigerant gas discharged into

and,

can

of

heat from the skin

damage

contact

Freon

Relationship

of

it

with liquid refrigerant.

to

the eye from

The

eye should not be rubbed,

area

after

a few minutes. the wash should

2 %

sodium

of

Chemical Stability

operation

12.

12

enter

of

longer

Components

becomes necessary to

chloride.

of

So long as the system

(plus a certain

the system. they will affect

change

of

the expansion valve. Thus. the

operate

WHEN

in

the

air

if

allowed

cause a burn by the

come

of

the system

Temperature

the Pressure-Saturation

the Freon.

at

the correct pressures

to

worn

into

an

eye

injury.

amount

air

hreak

ends

on

to

come into

to

the liquid

the eyes will

For

this

when

contact

contact
and a doctor

as

dropper,

is

or

and

should

any

with

soon

Kit

If

the eye

containing

dependent

Relation-

contains

of

conc-

moisture

possibly

a refri-

be

exposed

is

as

to

is

in

surface, causing

properties

FAULT LOCATION

For

the purpose

falls into two groups.

of

an

deterioration,

air-Freon

of

compound.

complaint

owing to the acidic

diagnosis, the system

I . Air Circulation

2. Refrigerant Circulation

AIR CIRCULATION

Switch

Check

A failure on
a defective blower
tion between the
motor.

A failure
to a defective switch.

A complete failure indicates a fuse, switch

defect.

REFRIGERANT CIRCULATION
Initial Checks

Site rhe
Check
the condenser,

Start
the Air
on. Visually check
operating.

Observe the sight glass located
filter
receiver
porator

sight glass, the refrigerant

continuous

valve

through the valve

low. In either case check the system for leaks. (See

Section

lee formation

an
expansion valve. this can be caused by a faulty
expansion valve.

A partial blockage will

at

the
line,
this will be obvious to the

on

and check

over

the full range

one

side only would be

on

push-button

in

one

switch position only would be

car

in

a well ventilated

the belt tension

as

detailed

the engine

Conditioning

drier

or

assembly). If bubbles

in

the

on

indication

point

or

across the receiver

and

(this

is

either

in some instances

or

intermittent hiss from the expansion

boot

indicates

and

Leak Detection).

adjacent

of

excessive delivery

of

restriction in a

air

delivery

of

that

side

and

the external cleanliness

under

warm-up

system with the blowers full

that

is

that

that

to the

create a drop

or

touch.

at

the

duct

outlets.

blower speeds.

due

to

either

or

a defective connec-

switch

the magnetic clutch

located

or

low. Also, a distinct

vapour

the refrigerant charge

filter-drier assembly, ~nd

and

the blower

or

wiring

and

shaded

'MAINTENANCE'.

at

a fast idle. operating

adjacent

adjacent

adjacent

foam

is

compressor

in

hot

vapour

to the
to the

to the eva-

appear

hcing passed

through

in

intake

temperature

or

liquid

area.

due

of

the

the

is

is

is

Secrio11

C6

-

--

----------

PRESSURE

Before taking readings, the
a well-ventilated position
of

air
fan in front
over

the condenser

over

a long period.

cap,

after topping-up

The

'blow-off' pressure is 7 lb/sq. in.
relief valve is located
top

of

the filler cap.

Switch

the

compressor valve service
valves firmly closed. Remove
from the compressor service valves
open

both

clockwise direction.

During

pressor service valves are

closes the system delivery and

pressor

Run

ditioning

TESTS

to

over

the

condenser.

of

the

radiator

if

the

system is

Check

the

the

coolant

under

the

radiator

OFF

valves by rotating

these tests, it is essential

and

lines could occur.

the

engine

system operating

header tank,

and

insta!l

the

not

at

a fast idle with the Air

car

should

ensure

It

is advisable

for

additional

security

level

the detachable plate on

or

manifold gauge set

ports

the

one

fully opened, as this

damage

as

previously mentioned.

Ro/ls-Royce

be sighted

an

adequate flow

to

to

be operated

of

the

as

necessary.

and

the

is incorporated in

with

protection caps

and

just

half

turn m a

that

the

to

the com-

place a

air

flow

radiator

pressure

on

both

its

crack

com-

Con-

in

&

Bentley

Turn

WISE as necessary

lb/sq. in.

(temperature recorded
gauge reading should be

above temperatures would only apply
flow is allowed

DIAGNOSIS

the

with a high reading
a defective compressor head gasket
gasket
Plate and Gaskets) .

--

- - -

the

compressor

The

compound

With

the

following ambient

60°F (15·6°C) 100---150 lb/sq. rn.
80°F (26·7°C) 140---190 lb/sq. m.

l00°F

(37·8°C) 180---240 lb/sq.

110°F (43·3cq

N.8.-The

Set the

fully antt-clockwi.se position.

A low reading

or

maximum reading for each

compressor

:1

defective valve. (See

--

service valves

to

damp

gauge reading should be 15-30

in

the shade),

as

follows:

to

pass

over

valves t a

on

the high pressure gauge

on

the

compound

Air

Conditioning

System

ANTI-CLOCK-

out

gauge fluctuation.

air

temperatures

the

2(5-270

if

very little

the condenser.

turn

clockwise from

gauge, indicates

or

Section-Valve

C2J

Manual

pressure

Ill,

lb/sq. in.

of

the

air

coupled

valve plate

Fig. 18 Manifold Gauge

Set

in position

Section C6

C22

Air

Conditioning

System

Manual

---

---

- Ro/ls-Royce & Bentley

--------------

Fig. 19 Serviee

An

unusually low reading

indicates:

A low refrigerant charge.

A very light heat load condition.

Valve-Back1~ard

of

the

compound

A partial re-striction in the expansion valve.

A low expansion valve
A defective expansion valve.

evaporator

An

A high reading

An

excessive refrigerant charge.

An unusually high

car

windows lowered

operative.

Poor

contact

element with the
A defective expansion valve.
An open solenoid by-pass valve.

An unusually low reading

gauge indicates:

An open solenoid by-pass valve.

An

unusually high reading

gauge indicates:

An

excessive refrigerant charge.
A restriction
An

unusually high
Insufficient air passing over the condenser.
An unusually hot-running engine.

or

non-condensable gases in the system.

Air

coil blocked hy ice.

of

of

in

the high pressure side.

power

element charge.

the

compound

heat

the expansion valve power

evaporator

heat

load condition.

gauge indicates:

load condition such as

or

coil outlet.

of

the high pressure

of

the high pressure

seated

gauge

heating system

gauge, coupled with a low reading

gauge indicates a restriction in the expansion valve
port

such as internal icing condition

expansion valve screen.

of

the

compound

or

a blocked

SUPERH[AT TEST

The

system may be checked for correct

as follows:

Attach

from the
valve bulb.
with cloth to provide insulation from atmospheric
temperature, leaving the scale visible. Operate the
engine at a fast idle with the Air

operating (full

minutes. Read the thermometer, and the
gauge at the compressor.
gauge reading
the suction line.

Refer to the following table
temperature corresponding to this pressure
subtract this figure from the

The

the 'Superheat Reading'.

a glass

evaporator

result should lie between 8-15°F. This

thermometer

so

that

it

is

Cover

the

thermometer

on)

and leave running for a few

Add

to

compensate for pressure

to

thermometer

to the suction pipe

near the expansion

Conditioning

3 lb/sq. in. to the

obtain

bulb

compound

the

saturation

operation

and

pipe

system

drop

in

and

reading.

is

termed

Pressure-Saturation Temperature

Pressure
lb/sq.

Temperature

in.

20
21

22

73

24
25

26

27
28

29

30 32·5
31

32 34·5
33
34

relationship

OF

19·5

21
22

21-''i

24·5
25·5
27
28·5 42
29·5 43
31

33·5

36
37

table-Freon

Pressure Temperature

lb/sq.

12

in.

35
36
37
38
39 42
40 43·5

41

44
45 48·5
46
47
48
49
50 53

OF

38
39
40
41

44·5
45·5
46·5
47·5

49·5
50·5
51

·5

52·25

An instantaneous high reading

gauge

and

subsequent unusually low reading

Secrion

C6

of

the high pressure

of

this

Where correct

readings

are

compound

obtained, any

and high pressure gauge

complaint

of

inefficiency

----

can

only be

for

operation

are

unobstructed.

reading

tions

causing a lack

-

--

attributed

and

would be

------

to

Jack

ensure

observed

that

A slightly low

if there were

of

air delivery.

of

air delivery.

inlet

and

compound

- Rolls-Royce & Bentley

Check

outlet

ducts

gauge

any

obstruc-

-------

Air

Conditioning

System

C23

Manual

DISCHARGING

When

it is necessary
protected
be discharged.

Do
is exposed.
decomposes

Remove
service valves.
in

a clockwise direction, allowing

the
must

as

system.
minutes.

Always use

disconnecting
to

flares

After
before
sweep
compressor
under

EVACUATING

The
evacuation
may

Fit
illustrated. Forward-seat
valve
direction
valve
anti-clockwise direction fully.

Close

by

rotating
low
clockwise

Start

blowers

by service valves,

not

discharge in

system

be

taken

thi8 will result in oil being

The

or

the necessary

re-charging, it is necessary

the

system,

'Compressor'.

use

be utilised as follows:

the

manifold

of

the

to

of

the manifold gauge set by

the

pressure service valve by giving

direction.

the

engine

in

REFRIGERANT

to

break

an

area

The refrigerant does

and

forms a

the protective

Just

to

be

not

to

operation

two

Aured

tubes.

oil

level should be checked,

of

a vacuum

but

when

compressor

the

end

vacuum

it in a clock wise direction.

and

the

'Hl'

poisonous

caps

'crack'

discharged

release

should

wrenches

connections,

The

tubes

repair

to

remove

pump

not

gauge

unit

the

hy

of

its travel.

valve

of

run

on

position. Observe the

any

joint

which is

the

refrigerant

where

gas.

from

the high pressure valve

the

to

atmosphere.

the

refrigerant

drawn

take

in

oppos1t1on

to

are

easily twisted.

has been

to

all

the

is

recommended

available the

to

the

high pressure service

rotating

Open

rotating

the

manifold

'slow idle'. Switch

must

an

open

not

burn,

the

compressor

refrigerant in

too

quickly,

out

at

least fifteen

prevent

moisture.

compressor

it

Just

half a turn

damage

made

evacuate

as

detailed

compressor

in

a clockwise

the pressure

it in

gauge

'crack'

vacuum

of

on

not

first

flame

but

Care

the

when

and
and

The

for

as

an

set

the

in

the

Fig.

20

Service

Valve-Forward

gauge

and

when

a reading

or

when

the

maximum
obtained
reached;
a

vacuum

pressure valve

diately switch off the ignition.
be

pump

Switch off
quickly, a leak is prevalent.
vacuum extremely slowly a leak is possible.
condition,
minutes
Freon
a pressure rise in the system.
reading
ascertain
system

SWEEPING

It
renewed
for
procedure
presence

Back-seat the high pressure service valve by
anti-clockwise
the
clockwise direction.
the
Close

a

in a clockwise direction.

Open
the

from the prevalent

allow

the

for a

further

on

evacuated

is utilised.

in the

for

is

n:l:ommi::11<l1c:<l

any

low pressure service valve by

manifold

both

manifold

for a full

the

engine.

it is advisable

to

eliminate the possibility

compressor

obtained

that

leaks, see

if

the

considerable length

of

valves

the

should be held for

no leaks are present.

system has been

outlined

moisture

to

the end

gauge set

on

valve

of

centre hose

of

possible

compressor

15

the

manifold

15

minutes when a

If

to

oil

under

Leak

lhal

Lht:

of

in this

in

the system.

of

Connect

to a Freon

the

manifold

the

Freon

joint,

28

barometric

minutes,

the system loses vacuum

its travel.

seated

inches

vacuum

to

continue

gauge

The

system

Tf

the

further

vaporising

J"illt:r

time

evacuate

of

The

Detection).

tlrit:r asst:mbly

open

or

manual

turning

the

centre

gauge set by

12

container.

purge

B~5

Hg. is

reached,

that

can

conditions

drawing

then

close the

set.

Imme-

must

also

vacuum

system loses

In this

for

residual liquid

and

creating

final vacuum

30

minutes

(To

check

the

to

atmosphere

if

the diagnosis

indicates

turning

Forward-seat

in

union

12

container.

turning

Break

the

air

for

be

is

45

to

bt:

the

the

of

a

Section C6

04

Air

Conditioning

System

few seconds
balance to the

Open

and

allow approximately
into the evacuated system. In some cases
of

gas will not flow into the system, so allow the
amount
the system pressure with the Freon
pressure. Allow the
system to remain for a period
allow the pressure reading
to exceed
regulating the manifold gauge set vacuum valve.
Switch

Purge the

additional

Remove the manifold gauge set from the compres-

sor

service valves, set the service valves to their
midway position to allow the Freon remaining in the
system
of

the high pressure gauge to the discharge service

port

of

connected

gauge valve closed
open,

discharge service port,

through

out

through
valve. Allow this
mately

CHARGING

It

is
refrigerant
before charging fully. Repeat the evacuation process

and

switch off.

Back-seat the high pressure service valve
forward-seat the low pressure service valve. Re­connect
with

the refrigerant container,

the

container. Break the manifold

and

purge

Hook a spring

Manual

and

then re-tighten.

container

the vacuum valve

to pass into the system which will balance

50

lb/sq. in. This can be

off

the system

Freon

Freon

charge as follows:

to

escape to atmosphere.

the compressor. With the manifold

to the

allow

Freon

the condenser, filter drier,

the service

five

seconds.

necessary to

put

in

the centre union

the

air

and

record the weight.

of

the manifold

one

dry

Freon introduced into the

of

on

and

switch

in the system by

Freon

and

from the container to pass into the

operation

for a few seconds,

balance

container,

the high pressure gauge valve

through

port

of

to

draw

out

during

the sweeping

of

the manifold

and

to

the refrigerant

Hook a spring

pound

of

IO

minutes.

the

compound

off

the ignition.

introducing

Connect

the

the service

evaporator

the suction (service)

continue

the remainder

open

centre

then

------

Rofls-Royce

gauge

gas to pass

one

pound

12

container

Do

gauge

controlled

the hose

gauge

compound

for

approxi-

of

operation

gauge

the valve

hose

joint

re-tighten.

container

set

not

by

an

set

port,

and

the

and

set
on

&

Bentley

and

record the weight.

manifold gauge set.

Start

refrigerant will

compressor

bucket
apply
explosion.

pound
controlled by regulating the manifold gauge
vacuum valve.

When
system, switch
vacuum valve.

Close the valve
disconnect the centre hose. Back-seat
valves
the manifold gauge set
on

service valves.

a detector lamp.

LEAK DETECTION

Leak detection
ing pressure (see
figures)

Detector Lamp. In

pressure, it

Light the detector lamp
the flexible hose
possible.
green when the open

It

is
pump
refrigerant will be

and

the flame will thus remain green for some time,

and

be unusable

Furthermore, the
where there is
gerant

misleading results; however,

prevalent
a possible leak
(An

alcohol

above).

----

the engine

not

in

operation

of

warm

water

a flame,

on

while

may

or

Do

not

gauge

to

31-4 lbs. refrigerant has been

off

the compressor. Disconnect

and

under

may

be necessary to re-charge the system.

The

colour

important

in

the vicinity

as

adequate

persist in the vicinity

or

the seepage

leak

-----

Open

the vacuum valve

and

switch

on

flow into the system even with the

stand

not

exceeding 113°F.

localised heat.

allow the reading

exceed 50 lb/sq. in. This

and

close the manifold gauge

of

the

Freon

and

replace protective covers

Check

should

under

static

round

not

drawn

could

detector

the system for leaks, using

be carried

pressure tests for

conditions

order

of

end

to

a leak detector.

car

to

and

all points where leaks

the

lamp

passes

operate

of

into

should

ventilation, otherwise refri-

draughts

of

gas in a

dissipate

may

-

--

of

the blowers.

the

container

Do

This

could

cause

on

the

can

drawn

12

out

by means

obtain

move the open end

flame will change

over

a leak point.

the

possible leaks because

the body

be placed in a position

of

the

particular

without

be used similarly

into

container

both

service

and

remove

at

full

operat-

appropriate

the

correct

lamp

pressure

of

the lamp

car

and

should

area

detection.

of

not

-

the

If

the

in a

not

com-

set

the

set

and

the

are

give

an

be

of

to

be
of

as

Sec1inn

C6