Roland Corporation TD-20 User's Manual
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MIDI Implementation
Model: TD-20
Date: Jan. 25, 2004
Version: 1.00
1. Receive data
Channel Voice Messages
* Following Channel Voice Messages can be received in [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[MIDI
CH] Tx/Rx Channel.
* Not received when [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[MIDI CH] Tx/Rx Switch is set to “OFF.”
Note Off
Status
8nH kkH vvH
9nH kkH 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
kk = note number: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
vv = note off velocity: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* The Velocity Values of Note Off message are ignored.
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
Note On
Status
9nH kkH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
kk = note number: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
vv = note on velocity: 01H - 7FH (1 - 127)
*A channel which is assigned to the drum part will receive only the note
numbers which are specified by the drum kit. For more on note numbers, refer
to “Note Number (Factory Settings)” (p. 96) in the Owner’s Manual.
* When the [KIT]-[FUNC]-[BRUSH] Brush Switch is set to “On,” the note number
set by means of [INST]-[CONTROL]-[BR MIDI] Brush Note No. is received on
the channel assigned to the drum part (when an instrument compatible with
brush performances is selected for the Snare pad head).
* The note number set by means of [INST]-[CONTROL]-[BR MIDI] XStick Note
No. is received on the channel assigned to the drum part (when an instrument
compatible with cross-sticking is selected for the Snare pad rim).
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
Polyphonic Key Pressure
Status
AnH kkH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
kk = note number: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
vv = Value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
*A channel which is assigned to the drum part will receive only the note
numbers which are specified by the drum kit. For more on note numbers, refer
to “Note Number (Factory Settings)” (p. 96) in the Owner’s Manual.
* If the value is greater than 40H (64), the decay of the note sounded by the
received note number will be shortened. (Used in choking)
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
2nd byte 3rd byte
2nd byte 3rd byte
2nd byte 3rd byte
Control Change
Bank Select (Controller number 0, 32)
Status
BnH 00H mmH
BnH 20H llH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm = Bank number MSB: 00H - 7FH (bank.1 - bank.128)
ll = Bank number LSB: processed as 00H
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received. Refer to
“Backing Instrument List” (p. 98) in the Owner’s Manual.
* Bank select processing will be suspended until a program change message is
received.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
Modulation (Controller number 1)
Status
BnH 01H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Received only on channels not assigned to a percussion part.
* In the channel assigned to the drum part, setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal
CC to MODULATION changes the hi-hat control pedal position.
* In the channel assigned to the drum part, the strike position of the pad
corresponding to the note number received changes immediately after [SETUP]-
[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the
RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM 1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to
MODULATION.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
* The modulation effect is applied in the channel assigned to the backing part. It is
not recorded to the sequencer during recording.
Breath Controller (Controller number 2)
Status
BnH 02H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - 16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to BREATH changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to BREATH.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
2nd byte 3rd byte
2nd byte 3rd byte
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
2nd byte 3rd byte
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
Copyright © 2004 ROLAND CORPORATION
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of ROLAND CORPORATION.
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MIDI Implementation
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Foot Controller (Controller number 4)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 04H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to FOOT changes the hi-hat control
pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to FOOT.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
Data Entry (Controller number 6, 38)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 06H mmH
BnH 26H llH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm, ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN:
mm = MSB
ll = LSB
Expression (Controller number 11)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 0BH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - 16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to EXPRESSION changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to EXPRESSION.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
General Purpose Controller 1 (Controller number 16)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 10H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* Refer to the RPN item.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
Volume (Controller number 7)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 07H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Volume: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Changes the volume for the part. Not indicated in the display.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
Panpot (Controller number 10)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 0AH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Panpot: 00H - 40H - 7FH (Left - Center - Right)
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* Changes the pan ([PATTERN]-[PART]-[MIXER]-[PAN]) for the part. Not
indicated in the display.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to GENERAL 1 changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to GENERAL 1.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
General Purpose Controller 2 (Controller number 17)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 11H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to GENERAL 2 changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to GENERAL 2.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
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MIDI Implementation
General Purpose Controller 3 (Controller number 18)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 12H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to GENERAL 3 changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to GENERAL 3.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
General Purpose Controller 4 (Controller number 19)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 13H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
Pedal position: open to closed
Head strike position: center to perimeter
Rim strike position: deep to shallow
* Only the channel assigned to the drum part can be received.
* Setting [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Pedal CC to GENERAL 4 changes the hi-hat
control pedal position.
* The strike position of the pad corresponding to the note number received
changes immediately after [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[CTRL] Snare CC (for the SNARE
pad head and rim), Ride CC (for the RIDE pad bow), or Toms CC (for the TOM
1–4 and AUX 1–4 pad rims) is set to GENERAL 4.
* During recording, the sequencer data is recorded to the TD-20 in accordance
with the above settings as “Pedal CC messages,” “Snare CC messages,” “Ride
CC messages,” and “Toms CC messages.”
Hold 1 (Controller number 64)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 40H vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Control value: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
Effect 1 Depth (Reverb Send Level) (Controller number 91)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 5BH vvH
Effect 2 Depth (Chorus Send Level) (Controller number 93)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 5DH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Chorus send level: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* Changes the chorus send level ([PATTERN]-[PART]-[MIXER]-[CHO SND]) for
the part. Not indicated in the display.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 101, 100)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 65H mmH
BnH 64H llH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm = upper byte of parameter number specified by RPN
ll = lower byte of parameter number specified by RPN
<< RPN >>
Control Changes include RPN (Registered Parameter Numbers), which are
extended.
When using RPNs, first RPN (Controller numbers 100 and 101; they can be sent in
any order) should be sent in order to select the parameter,
then Data Entry (Controller numbers 6 and 38) should be sent to set the value. Once
RPN messages are received, Data Entry messages that is received
at the same MIDI channel after that are recognized as changing toward the value of
the RPN messages. In order not to make any mistakes,
transmitting RPN Null is recommended after setting parameters you need.
Refer to “Examples of actual MIDI message” <Example 4> (p. 11).
This device receives the following RPNs.
RPN Data entry
MSB, LSB MSB, LSB Explanation
00H, 00H mmH, --- Pitch Bend Sensitivity
mm: 00H - 18H (0 - 24 semitones)
ll: ignored (processed as 00H)
specify up to 2 octaves in semitone steps
7FH, 7FH ---, --- RPN null
mm,ll: ignored
set condition where RPN is unspecified. The
Data Entry messages after set RPN null will
be ignored.
(No Data Entry messages are required after
RPN null).
Settings already made will not change.
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* Changes the bend range ([PATTERN]-[PART]-[BACKING] Bend Range) for the
part. Not indicated in the display.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = Reverb send level: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* Changes the reverb send level ([PATTERN]-[PART]-[MIXER]-[REV SND]) for
the part. Not indicated in the display.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
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MIDI Implementation
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Program Change
Status 2nd byte
CnH ppH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
pp = Program number: 00H - 7FH (prog.1 - prog.128)
* Not Received when [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[PROG] RX Switch is set to “OFF”.
* The sound will change beginning with the next Note-On after the Program
Change is received. Voices which were already sounding before the Program
Change was received will not be affected.
* Only the program number set with [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[PROG]-[DRM KIT] is
received on the channel assigned to the drum part.
* Only the program number set with [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[PROG]-[PRC SET] is
received on the channel assigned to the percussion part.
* For more on the channels assigned to backing parts, refer to the “Backing
Instrument List” (p. 98) in the Owner’s Manual. Specify sounds using a
combination of these three messages: the MSB and LSB of the Bank Select, and
the Program Change.
* Not recorded in the sequencer.
Pitch Bend Change
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
EnH llH mmH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm,ll = Pitch Bend value: 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-8192 - 0 - +8191)
* Only the channels assigned to the backing part can be received.
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
Channel Mode Messages
Expression 0
General Purpose Controller 1 - 4 0
Hold 1 0 (off)
RPN unset; previously set data will not change
* When recording, a control message carrying the reset value will be created and
recorded.
All Notes Off (Controller number 123)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 7BH 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When All Notes Off is received, all notes on the corresponding channel will be
turned off. However if Hold 1 is ON, the sound will be continued until these are
turned off.
* In the recording mode, “Note Off message” will be created for corresponding
Note On message, and will be recorded.
OMNI OFF (Controller number 124)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 7CH 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received.
OMNI ON (Controller number 125)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 7DH 00H
* Following Channel Voice Messages can be received in [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[MIDI
CH] Tx/Rx Channel.
* Not received when [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[MIDI CH] Tx/Rx Switch is set to “OFF.”
All Sounds Off (Controller number 120)
Status
BnH 78H 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When this message is received, all currently-sounding notes on the
corresponding channel will be silenced. However, the status of channel
messages will not change.
* When recording, this is recorded in the sequencer data itself.
2nd byte 3rd byte
Reset All Controllers (Controller number 121)
Status
BnH 79H 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset
values.
Controller Reset value
Pitch Bend Change +/-0 (center)
Polyphonic Key Pressure 0 (off)
Modulation 0
Breath Controller 0
Foot Controller 0
2nd byte 3rd byte
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received.
MONO (Controller number 126)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 7EH mmH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm = mono number: 00H - 10H (0 - 16)
* The same processing will be carried out as when All Sound Off or All Notes Off
is received.
POLY (Controller number 127)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte
BnH 7FH 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* The same processing will be carried out as when All Sound Off or All Notes Off
is received.
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MIDI Implementation
System Realtime Message
* Following System Realtime Messages cannot be recorded in recording mode.
Timing Clock
Status
F8H
* Recognized only when the [TEMPO]-[SYNC] Sync Mode is set at “EXTERNAL”
or “AUTO”.
Start
Status
FAH
* Recognized only when the [TEMPO]-[SYNC] Sync Mode is set at “EXTERNAL,”
“AUTO” or “REMOTE”.
Continue
Status
FBH
* Recognized only when the [TEMPO]-[SYNC] Sync Mode is set at “EXTERNAL,”
“AUTO” or “REMOTE”.
Stop
Status
FCH
* Recognized only when the [TEMPO]-[SYNC] Sync Mode is set at “EXTERNAL,”
“AUTO” or “REMOTE”.
Active Sensing
Status
FEH
* When Active Sensing is received, the unit will begin monitoring the intervals of
all further messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages
exceeds about 250 ms, the same processing will be carried out as when All
Sounds Off, All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers are received, and message
interval monitoring will be halted.
System Exclusive Message
* Following System Exclusive Messages cannot be recorded.
Status
F0H iiH, ddH, ......, eeH F7H
F0H: System Exclusive Message status
ii = ID number: an ID number (manufacturer ID) to indicate the manufacturer
dd,..., ee = data: 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
F7H: EOX (End Of Exclusive)
Data byte Status
whose Exclusive message this is. Roland’s manufacturer ID is
41H.
ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are extensions of the MIDI standard;
Universal Non-realtime Messages (7EH) and Universal
Realtime Messages (7FH).
Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive Messages
Identity Request
Status Data byte Status
F0H 7EH, dev, 06H, 01H F7H
Byte Explanation
F0H Exclusive status
7EH ID number (Universal Non-realtime Message)
dev Device ID (00H - 1FH (1 - 32), 7FH) Initial value is 10H (17)
06H Sub ID#1 (General Information)
01H Sub ID#2 (Identity Request)
F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive)
* When Identity Request is received, Identity Reply message will be transmitted
(p. 9).
* The [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[GLOBAL] Device ID setting is used as the Device ID.
Data transmission
This device can transmit and receive the various parameters using System
Exclusive messages.
The Exclusive Message of this device’s data has a model ID of 00H 7AH and a
device ID of 10H (17). Device ID can be changed in this device.
Data Set 1 (DT1)
This is the message that actually performs data transmission, and is used when you
wish to transmit the data.
Status Data byte Status
F0H 41H, dev, 00H, 7AH, 12H, aaH, bbH, F7H
ccH, ddH, eeH,... ffH, sum
Byte Explanation
F0H Exclusive status
41H ID number (Roland)
dev Device ID (00H - 1FH (1 - 32), 7FH))Initial value is 10H (17)
00H Model ID #1 (TD-20)
7AH Model ID #2 (TD-20)
12H Command ID (DT1)
aaH Address MSB: upper byte of the starting address of the data to be sent
bbH Address 2nd: 2nd byte of the starting address of the data to be sent
ccH Address 3rd: 3rd byte of the starting address of the data to be sent
ddH Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the data to be sent
eeH Data: the actual data to be sent. Multiple bytes of data are transmitted
in order starting from the address.
::
ffH Data
sum Checksum
F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive)
* The amount of data that can be transmitted at once time will depend on the type
of data, and data must be requested using a specific starting address and size.
Refer to the Address listed in 3. Parameter address map (p. 10).
* If “Data Set 1” is transmitted successively, there must be an interval of at least
40 ms.
* The [SETUP]-[MIDI]-[GLOBAL] Device ID setting is used as the Device ID.
* Regarding the checksum please refer to p. 12.
The System Exclusive Messages received by this device are; Universal Non-
realtime System Exclusive Messages and Data Set 1 (DT1).
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