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VARIOS
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Roland VARIOS Service Manual

MIDI Implementation
Model: VariOS Date: December 1, 2002 Version: 1.00
1.Receive Data
■ Channel Voice Messages
● Note Off
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) kk = Note number: 00H–7FH (0–127) vv = Note Off velocity: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* This is not received if the part and note number that receives this message has a Trigger
Mode setting of TRIGGER or DRUM.
● Note On
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) kk = note number: 00H–7FH (0–127) vv = Note On velocity: 01H–7FH (1–127)
* If the sample assigned to the part and note number that receives this message has a Trigger
Mode setting of TRIGGER, and if that note is sounding, this will function as note-off.
● Polyphonic Aftertouch
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) kk = note number: 00H–7FH (0–127) vv = Polyphonic Aftertouch: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* When received on the control channel, this will affect all parts.
❍ Panpot (Controller number 10)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Panpot: 00H–40H–7FH (0–64–127)
* Adjust the stereo location over 128 steps, where 0 is far left, 64 is center, and 127 is far right.
❍ Expression (Controller number 11)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Expression: 00H–7FH (0–127)
❍ Hold 1 (Controller number 64)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H–7FH (0–127), 0–63 = OFF, 64–127 = ON
❍ Portamento (Controller number 65)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H–7FH (0–127), 0–63 = OFF, 64–127 = ON
* This will change the Portamento Sw parameter setting of the sample assigned to the part
that receives this.
* Not received on the Control channel.
❍ Hold 2 (Controller number 69)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H–7FH (0–127), 0–63 = OFF, 64–127 = ON
● Control Change
* Not received when the Receive switch (SYSTEM/MIDI/RX SW) is OFF. * If this is received on the control channel (SYSTEM/MIDI/GENERAL), the effect will apply
to all parts, unless otherwise noted for each item.
❍ Modulation (Controller number 1)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Modulation depth: 00H–7FH (0–127)
❍ Portamento Time (Controller number 5)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Portamento Time: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* This will affect the Portamento Time parameter of the sample assigned to the part that
receives the message.
* Not received on the Control channel.
❍ Data Entry (Controller number 6, 38)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) mm,ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN/NRPN mm = MSB, ll = LSB
* Not received on the Control channel.
❍ Volume (Controller number 7)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Volume: 00H–7FH (0–127)
❍ Portamento Control (Controller number 84)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) kk = Source note number: 00H–7FH (0–127)
*A Note On message received immediately after a Portamento control will be sounded with
the pitch changing smoothly from the source note number. If a voice is already sounding at the same note number as the source note number, that voice will change pitch to the pitch of the newly received Note On, and continue sounding (i.e., will be played legato).
* The speed of pitch change produced by portamento control will depend on the setting of
the Portamento Time parameter of the sample assigned to the part that receives this.
* Not received on the Control channel.
❍ Effect 1 (Reverb Send Level) (Controller number 91)
(Controller number 91) status 2nd byte 3rd byte BnH 5BH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Reverb Send Level: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* The Reverb Send Level parameter will change. * Not received on the Control channel.
❍ Effect 3 (Chorus Send Level) (Controller number 93)
(Controller number 93) status 2nd byte 3rd byte BnH 5DH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Chorus Send Level: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* The Chorus Send Level parameter will change. * Not received on the Control channel.
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MIDI Implementation
❍ RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) mm = MSB of the parameter number specified by RPN ll = LSB of the parameter number specified by RPN
* Not received on the Control channel.
<<< RPN >>> Control Changes include RPN (Registered Parameter Numbers), which are extended parameters whose function is defined in the MIDI specification. When using RPNs, first the RPN (Controller numbers 100 and 101; they can be sent in any order) is transmitted to specify the parameter you wish to control. Then, Data Entry messages (Controller numbers 6 and 38) are used to set the value of the specified parameter. Once an RPN parameter has been specified, all Data Entry messages received on that channel will modify the value of that parameter. In order to prevent accidents, when the desired setting has been made for the parameter, it is recommended that RPN be set to Null. This device receives the following RPNs.
RPN Data entry MSB LSB 00H 00H mmH 11H Pitch Bend Sensitivity
00H 01H mmH llH Channel Fine Tuning
00H 02H mmH 11H Channel Coarse Tuning
7FH 7FH mmH 11H RPN null
MSB LSB Notes
mm: 00H–0CH (0–12 semitones) ll: ignored (processed as 00H) Up to 1 octave can be specified in semitone steps. * The Bend Range Up/Down parameters will also change.
mm, ll: 20 00H–40 00H–60 00H (-4096 *100 / 8192–0– +4096 *100 / 8192 cent) * The Fine Tune parameter (PERFORM/PART/SOUND/
FINE) will change.
mm: 34H–40H–4CH (-12–0– +12 semitones) ll: ignored (processed as 00H) * The Coarse Tune parameter will change.
RPN and NRPN will be set as "unspecified." Once this setting has been made, subsequent Data Entry messages will be ignored. (It is not necessary to transmit Data Entry for RPN Null settings.) Settings already made will not change. mm, ll: ignored
● Program Change
status 2nd byte CnH ppH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) pp=Program number: 00H–7FH (prog.1–prog.128)
* Not received on the Control channel.
● Channel Aftertouch
status 2nd byte DnH vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) vv = Channel Aftertouch: 00H–7FH (0–127)
* If this is received on the control channel, the effect will apply to all parts.
● Pitch Bend Change
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) mm, ll = Pitch Bend value: 00 00H–40 00H–7F 7FH (-8192–0– +8191)
* If this is received on the control channel, the effect will apply to all parts.
■ Channel Mode Messages
● All Sound Off (Controller number 120)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * When this message is received, all currently sounding notes on the corresponding channel
will be turned off immediately.
* If this is received on the control channel, all currently sounding notes of all parts will be
silenced.
● Reset All Controllers (Controller number 121)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values.
* If this is received on the control channel, the controllers of all parts will be set to their reset
values.
Controller Pitch Bend Change +/- 0 (center) Polyphonic Key Pressure 0 (off) Channel Pressure 0 (off) Modulation 0 (off) Expression 127 (maximum) Hold 1 0 (off) Hold 2 0 (off) Panpot 64 (center) RPN Unset. Previously set data will not change. NRPN Unset. Previously set data will not change. C1 64 (center) C2 64 (center) C3 64 (center) VC 64 (center)
● All Notes Off (Controller number 123)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * When All Notes Off is received, all currently sounding notes on the corresponding channel
will be turned off. However, if Hold 1 is on, or if Hold 2 is on, the note will not stop sounding until these turn off.
* If the sample of a note that is "on" has a Trigger Mode (SAMPLE/MODE) setting of
TRIGGER or DRUM, that note will not turn off.
* If this is received on the control channel, the effect will apply to the notes of all parts.
● Omni Off (Controller number 124)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * All notes currently "on" for the part that receives this will be turned off. However, if the
sample corresponding to one of these notes has a Trigger Mode setting of DRUM, that note will not turn off.
* Not received on the Control channel.
● Omni On (Controller number 125)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * All notes currently "on" for the part that receives this will be turned off. However, if the
sample corresponding to one of these notes has a Trigger Mode setting of DRUM, that note
will not turn off. * The VariOS cannot be switched to OMNI ON. * Not received on the Control channel.
Reset value
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MIDI Implementation
● Mono (Controller number 126)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) mm = Mono number: 00H–10H (0–16)
* The sample assigned to that part will be switched to a Key Assign setting of SOLO. * All notes currently "on" for the part that receives this will be turned off. However, if the
sample corresponding to one of these notes has a Trigger Mode setting of DRUM, that note will not turn off.
* Not received on the Control channel.
● Poly (Controller number 127)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H–FH (ch.1–ch.16) * The sample assigned to that part will be switched to a Key Assign (SAMPLE/MODE)
setting of POLY.
* All notes currently "on" for the part that receives this will be turned off. However, if the
sample corresponding to one of these notes has a Trigger Mode (SAMPLE/DRUM) setting of DRUM, that note will not turn off.
* Not received on the Control channel.
■ System Realtime Messages
● Timing Clock
status F8H
* This message will be received if the Clock Source parameter is MIDI.
● Active Sensing
status FEH
* When an Active Sensing message is received, the unit will begin monitoring the interval at
which MIDI messages are received. During monitoring, if more than 420 ms passes without a message being received, the same processing will be done as when All Sound Off, All Notes Off, and Reset All Controllers messages are received. Then monitoring will be halted.
■ System Exclusive Messages
status data byte status
F0H iiH, ddH, ......, eeH F7H
● Data Transmission
The VariOS can transmit and receive the various parameters using System Exclusive messages. The model ID of the exclusive messages used by this instrument is 00 1DH.
❍ Data Request 1 (RQ1)
This message requests the other device to transmit data. The address and size indicate the type and amount of data that is requested. When a Data Request message is received, if the device is in a state in which it is able to transmit data, and if the address and size are appropriate, the requested data is transmitted as a Data Set 1 (DT1) message. If the conditions are not met, nothing is transmitted.
Status Data Byte Status F0H 41H, dev, 00H, 1DH, 11H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH, ssH, ttH, uuH, vvH, sum F7H
Byte Explanation F0H Exclusive status 41H ID number (Roland) dev device ID (dev: 10H) 00H Model ID#1 (VariOS) 1DH Model ID#2 (VariOS) 11H Command ID (RQ1) aaH address MSB bbH address ccH address ddH address LSB ssH size MSB ttH size uuH size vvH size LSB sum checksum F7H EOX (End of Exclusive)
* The size of data that can be transmitted at one time is fixed for each type of data. And data
requests must be made with a fixed starting address and size. Refer to the Address and
Size listed in Section 3 (p. 173). * For the checksum, refer to (p. 176).
❍ Data Set 1 (DT1)
This message transmits the actual data, and is used when you wish to set the data of the receiving device.
Status Data Byte Status F0H 41H, dev, 00H, 1DH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH, eeH, ... ffH, sum F7H
F0H: System Exclusive message status ii = ID number: This is the ID number (manufacturer ID) that specifies the manufacturer
whose exclusive message this is. Roland's manufacturer ID is 41H. ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are defined in an expansion of the MIDI standard as Universal Non-realtime messages (7EH) and Universal
Realtime Messages (7FH). dd,..., ee = data: 00H–7FH (0–127) F7H: EOX (End Of Exclusive)
Of the System Exclusive messages received by this device, the Universal Non-realtime messages, the Data Request (RQ1) messages and the Data Set (DT1) messages will be set automatically.
● Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive Messages
❍ Identity Request Message
When this message is received, Identity Reply message (p. 172) will be transmitted.
status data byte status F0H 7EH, dev, 06H, 01H F7H
Byte Explanation F0H Exclusive status 7EH ID number (Universal Non-realtime message) dev device ID (dev: 10H) 06H sub ID#1 (General Information) 01H sub ID#2 (Identity Request) F7H EOX (End of Exclusive)
* The "dev" is own device number or 7FH (Broadcast).
Byte Explanation F0H Exclusive status 41H ID number (Roland) dev device ID (dev: 10H) 00H Model ID#1 (VariOS) 1DH Model ID#2 (VariOS) 12H command ID (DT1) aaH address MSB bbH address ccH address ddH address LSB eeH data: The actual data to be transmitted. Multi-byte data is transmitted in
the address order. : : ffH data sum checksum F7H EOX (End of Exclusive)
* The amount of data that is transmitted at one time is fixed for the type of data, and only
data of the fixed starting address and size will be transmitted. Refer to the Address and Size listed in Section 3 (p. 173).
* Data whose size is greater than 128 bytes should be divided into packets of 128 bytes or
less and transmitted. Successive "Data Set 1" messages should have at least 20 ms of time interval between them.
* For the checksum, refer to (p. 176).
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