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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
Pulse Signal Generation Software
User Manual
(;Úí<2)
1176951202
Version 19
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This document describes the following software options:
●
R&S®SMW-K300/-K301/-K302/-K304/-K306/-K307/-K308/-K309/-K501/-K502
1413.8805.02, 1413.9776.02, 1413.8857.02, 1413.8957.02, 1413.9053.02, 1413.9118.02,
1414.1433.02, 1414.6706.02, 1413.9218.02, 1413.9260.02
●
R&S®SMBV-K300/-K301/-K308
1419.2744.02, 1419.2789.02, 1419.2973.02
●
R&S®SGT-K300/-K301/-K308
1419.7652.02, 1419.7700.02, 1419.7730.02
●
R&S®SMBVB-K300/-K301/-K308
1423.8414.02, 1423.8420.02, 1423.8437.02
This manual describes software version V2.4 and later of the R&S®Pulse Sequencer.
© 2022 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Muenchen, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1176.9512.02 | Version 19 | R&S®Pulse Sequencer
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g. R&S®SMW200A is abbreviated
as R&S SMW; R&S®WinIQSIM2TM is abbreviated as R&S WinIQSIM2.
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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
Contents
1 Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer.............................................. 13
1.1 Key features.................................................................................................................13
1.2 Accessing the R&S Pulse Sequencer....................................................................... 15
1.3 What's new...................................................................................................................15
1.4 Documentation overview............................................................................................16
1.4.1 User manuals and help................................................................................................. 16
1.4.2 Data sheets................................................................................................................... 16
1.4.3 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)............................................ 16
1.4.4 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc.................................................17
1.5 Scope........................................................................................................................... 17
1.6 Notes on screenshots.................................................................................................17
Contents
2 Getting started......................................................................................18
2.1 Required options.........................................................................................................18
2.2 Installing the software................................................................................................ 20
2.3 Starting the R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time............................................... 22
2.4 Understanding the displayed information................................................................ 23
2.5 Software concept in brief........................................................................................... 28
2.6 Means of users interaction.........................................................................................30
2.7 Trying out the software...............................................................................................34
2.7.1 Completing the scenario that was automatically created upon start up........................ 34
2.7.2 Generating an ARB waveform file.................................................................................35
2.7.3 Verifying the generated signal in the signal preview..................................................... 37
2.7.4 Launching the built-in wizard.........................................................................................38
2.7.5 Using the wizard to create a complex scenario.............................................................39
2.7.6 Transferring the waveform to and playing it with a connected instrument.................... 45
2.7.7 Saving and recalling settings........................................................................................ 45
2.7.8 Advanced features and examples.................................................................................46
2.8 Customizing the software.......................................................................................... 47
2.8.1 Customizing your workspace........................................................................................ 47
2.8.2 Changing colors and default configuration....................................................................48
2.9 Getting information and help..................................................................................... 51
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2.9.1 Tutorials.........................................................................................................................51
3 Preparing the system for use..............................................................54
3.1 Test setups...................................................................................................................54
3.2 About synchronization and time alignment............................................................. 56
3.3 Configuring the test setup in the R&S Pulse Sequencer........................................ 59
3.4 Compensating time delays.........................................................................................64
3.5 Compensating path loss............................................................................................ 66
3.5.1 Collecting level adjustment data................................................................................... 67
3.6 Signal Generators settings........................................................................................ 74
3.7 Generator config dialog..............................................................................................87
3.8 Adjustment configuration settings............................................................................92
3.8.1 General settings............................................................................................................ 92
Contents
3.8.2 Adjustment database storage location settings.............................................................94
3.8.3 Level correction settings............................................................................................... 95
3.9 Manage adjustment data settings............................................................................. 97
3.10 Run level adjustment settings................................................................................... 99
3.11 Finding required connectors on instruments........................................................ 100
4 Organizing the project data in repositories.....................................102
4.1 Repository settings...................................................................................................102
4.2 Repository manager settings...................................................................................106
4.3 How to manage the project data..............................................................................108
5 Selecting a suitable scenario and creating scenarios....................113
5.1 Overview of the available scenarios and their complexity....................................113
5.2 Scenario settings...................................................................................................... 114
5.2.1 Common scenario settings..........................................................................................115
5.2.2 Scenario-specific settings........................................................................................... 129
5.3 How to select and create a test scenario................................................................136
6 Creating a pulse library..................................................................... 138
6.1 Basics on pulse signals and pulse generation...................................................... 138
6.2 Pulse settings............................................................................................................140
6.2.1 Pulse name and comment.......................................................................................... 140
6.2.2 Pulse timing settings................................................................................................... 141
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6.2.3 Pulse level settings..................................................................................................... 145
6.2.4 Pulse envelope settings.............................................................................................. 148
6.2.5 Modulation on pulse (MOP) settings........................................................................... 151
6.2.5.1 Common MOP parameters......................................................................................... 153
6.2.5.2 AM and ASK modulation............................................................................................. 153
6.2.5.3 FM and FSK modulation............................................................................................. 155
6.2.5.4 Chirp modulation......................................................................................................... 159
6.2.5.5 Phase modulation....................................................................................................... 164
6.2.5.6 Vector modulation....................................................................................................... 169
6.2.5.7 Noise........................................................................................................................... 170
6.2.5.8 Plug-ins....................................................................................................................... 170
6.2.5.9 Data source, coding, filter........................................................................................... 172
6.2.6 MOP range..................................................................................................................173
Contents
6.2.7 Envelope and Modulation graphs................................................................................174
6.3 How to create a new pulse and adjust its settings................................................ 177
7 Building pulse sequences.................................................................185
7.1 About the sequencing principles............................................................................ 185
7.2 Sequence settings.................................................................................................... 187
7.2.1 Sequence description settings.................................................................................... 187
7.2.2 Pulse repetition settings.............................................................................................. 193
7.2.3 Loop settings...............................................................................................................194
7.2.4 Overlay settings.......................................................................................................... 195
7.2.5 Fillers settings............................................................................................................. 195
7.2.6 Lists with multiple sequences......................................................................................197
7.3 How to create sequences and use the control elements...................................... 198
8 Defining and enabling inter-pulse modulation effects................... 210
8.1 IPM profiles settings................................................................................................. 213
8.1.1 Common IPM settings.................................................................................................213
8.1.2 IPM profiles settings....................................................................................................215
8.1.3 Edit list settings........................................................................................................... 225
8.1.4 Inter-pulse modulation (IPM) settings......................................................................... 226
8.2 How to create IPM profiles and vary pulse parameters.........................................230
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9 Defining antenna patterns and antenna scans............................... 242
9.1 Overview of the main antenna parameters.............................................................242
9.2 Antenna pattern settings..........................................................................................245
9.3 Antenna scans settings............................................................................................262
9.4 How to create a library with antenna patterns and scans.....................................275
10 Emulating emitters.............................................................................287
10.1 Emitter settings......................................................................................................... 289
10.2 3D single emitter preview settings.......................................................................... 293
10.3 Emitters (Collection) settings.................................................................................. 295
10.3.1 Collection of emitters...................................................................................................296
10.3.2 Emitter properties........................................................................................................299
10.3.3 Mode editor settings....................................................................................................300
Contents
10.4 How to create and configure emitters.....................................................................302
11 Combining the signals of multiple emitters.................................... 308
11.1 Emitters (Collection) and localized emitters interleaving settings...................... 310
11.2 Emitters interleaving progress statistics................................................................315
11.3 Signal preview with interleaved and dropping statistics...................................... 316
11.4 Analyze interleaved signals..................................................................................... 317
12 Creating platforms............................................................................. 319
12.1 About platforms........................................................................................................ 319
12.2 Platform settings.......................................................................................................319
12.2.1 Platform information.................................................................................................... 320
12.2.2 Emitter list................................................................................................................... 321
12.2.3 Properties of selected emitter..................................................................................... 325
12.2.4 Blank ranges of selected emitter.................................................................................328
12.3 Working with platforms............................................................................................ 329
13 Emulating receivers...........................................................................332
13.1 Receiver properties in localized emitters scenario............................................... 334
13.2 Receiver settings...................................................................................................... 336
13.3 DF system configuration settings........................................................................... 340
13.4 Receiver position settings in localized emitters and direction finding scenarios
.................................................................................................................................... 342
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14 Working with waveforms...................................................................353
14.1 Waveform types.........................................................................................................353
14.1.1 Waveforms as interfering signals................................................................................ 354
14.1.2 About the multitone signals......................................................................................... 354
14.1.3 About the background emitters................................................................................... 355
14.1.4 Waveform scenarios and sequences.......................................................................... 357
14.2 Waveform settings.................................................................................................... 358
14.3 How to create a waveform scenario and work with waveforms........................... 370
15 Visualizing and analyzing signals.................................................... 375
15.1 Waveform view and signal preview settings.......................................................... 375
15.2 Signal preview settings............................................................................................ 379
15.3 Waveform reference level settings..........................................................................384
Contents
15.4 Analyzing the calculated results............................................................................. 385
16 Creating complex 2D scenarios with receiver and TX items......... 389
16.1 How to create scenarios with receiver and TX items............................................ 390
16.2 2D map settings........................................................................................................ 398
16.3 3D scan pair view settings....................................................................................... 403
16.4 Properties of TX items (emitters/interferers and platforms)................................. 408
16.4.1 Available TX items.......................................................................................................409
16.4.2 Properties of the selected TX item.............................................................................. 411
16.4.2.1 Properties (Type, alias name and configuration).........................................................412
16.4.2.2 Position settings (Static position and discrete position steps).....................................417
16.4.2.3 States.......................................................................................................................... 423
16.5 Moving emitters/interferers and platforms............................................................. 424
16.6 Mode editor................................................................................................................435
16.7 Background emitters properties..............................................................................436
16.8 Platforms with multiple emitters..............................................................................438
16.8.1 TX items context menu............................................................................................... 440
16.8.2 Map area context menu.............................................................................................. 441
16.8.3 Platform context menu................................................................................................ 441
16.9 Creating trajectories on a 2D map...........................................................................442
16.10 Using georeferenced maps...................................................................................... 443
16.11 Importing user icons.................................................................................................447
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17 Playing the generated waveform files..............................................450
17.1 Signal calculation settings.......................................................................................451
17.2 Assign signal source or receiver signals to generator......................................... 456
17.3 File transfer settings.................................................................................................460
17.3.1 How to enable FTP transfer........................................................................................ 460
17.3.2 File transfer settings....................................................................................................461
17.4 Control panel settings.............................................................................................. 463
17.5 How to create and play the waveforms of simple scenarios................................ 465
17.6 How to play the waveforms of 2D scenarios.......................................................... 468
17.7 How to use the extended sequencing option.........................................................473
18 Working with PDWs........................................................................... 476
18.1 How to import PDW lists and create output files................................................... 477
Contents
18.2 PDW import mechanism...........................................................................................483
18.3 PDW data settings.....................................................................................................485
18.4 PDW data import wizard settings............................................................................ 487
18.5 PDW list (Collection) settings.................................................................................. 490
18.6 PDW list (Collection) interleaving settings.............................................................491
18.7 PDW interleaving progress statistics......................................................................495
18.8 Signal preview with interleaved and dropping statistics...................................... 495
18.9 Analyze interleaving................................................................................................. 497
19 Defining the data source................................................................... 499
19.1 Data sources settings...............................................................................................501
19.2 How to configure the bit stream used by the MOP................................................ 503
20 Defining complex modulation schemes and IPM profiles..............505
21 Defining and enabling marker signals............................................. 509
21.1 Marker settings..........................................................................................................509
21.2 How to configure and visualize markers................................................................ 512
22 Creating reports and documenting measurement results............. 517
22.1 Reporting settings.................................................................................................... 518
22.2 How to create test reports........................................................................................523
23 Performing administration tasks...................................................... 526
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23.1 Setting general program settings............................................................................526
23.2 User administration.................................................................................................. 528
23.2.1 How to set and change user passwords..................................................................... 529
23.2.2 Related settings.......................................................................................................... 530
23.3 Defining storage locations....................................................................................... 531
23.3.1 How to set and change storage locations................................................................... 532
23.3.2 Storage locations settings........................................................................................... 533
23.4 Speeding up calculation...........................................................................................535
23.4.1 How to optimize performance..................................................................................... 536
23.4.2 Related settings.......................................................................................................... 537
23.5 Configuring a proxy server...................................................................................... 539
23.6 Updating the software.............................................................................................. 541
Contents
24 Automation of R&S Pulse Sequencer.............................................. 542
24.1 Remote settings........................................................................................................ 543
24.2 Script manager settings........................................................................................... 544
24.3 SCPI log settings.......................................................................................................546
24.4 How to configure and enable remote control of R&S Pulse Sequencer..............547
24.5 How to log SCPI commands.................................................................................... 549
25 Remote control commands...............................................................551
25.1 Conventions used in SCPI command descriptions............................................... 551
25.2 Programming examples........................................................................................... 552
25.3 Common commands.................................................................................................552
25.4 Commands with similar syntax............................................................................... 553
25.5 Program settings.......................................................................................................570
25.6 Antenna pattern commands.....................................................................................575
25.7 Antenna scan commands.........................................................................................587
25.8 Control panel commands......................................................................................... 601
25.9 Data source commands............................................................................................606
25.10 Signal mapping commands..................................................................................... 609
25.11 Emitter commands....................................................................................................613
25.12 Adjustment commands............................................................................................ 616
25.13 Generator and instrument commands.................................................................... 616
25.14 Inter-pulse modulation commands......................................................................... 626
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25.15 Import interface commands..................................................................................... 643
25.16 Marker commands.................................................................................................... 648
25.17 Plugin and reporting commands............................................................................. 659
25.18 Pulse commands.......................................................................................................666
25.19 Receiver commands................................................................................................. 690
25.20 Repository commands............................................................................................. 694
25.21 Scenario commands................................................................................................. 701
25.22 Moving emitters/interferers and receivers commands..........................................739
25.23 Platform command....................................................................................................752
25.24 Sequence commands............................................................................................... 757
25.25 Status commands..................................................................................................... 767
25.26 System, message log and program commands.....................................................767
25.27 Waveform commands...............................................................................................770
Contents
25.28 Waveform viewer and signal preview commands..................................................774
25.29 List of remote commands........................................................................................ 776
26 Troubleshooting................................................................................. 802
26.1 Querying error messages.........................................................................................802
26.2 Collecting information for technical support......................................................... 806
26.3 Contacting customer support..................................................................................807
Annex.................................................................................................. 808
A Supported file types and file formats...............................................808
A.1 File format of the reporting template...................................................................... 809
A.2 Antenna pattern file formats.................................................................................... 814
A.3 Movement files.......................................................................................................... 820
A.3.1 Waypoint file format.....................................................................................................820
A.3.2 Vector trajectory file format......................................................................................... 821
A.3.3 Trajectory description files...........................................................................................825
A.4 Vehicle description files (Used for smoothening)..................................................828
B Formula syntax...................................................................................830
C Plug-in programming API..................................................................833
C.1 Common functions................................................................................................... 833
C.2 MOP functions...........................................................................................................838
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C.3 IPM functions.............................................................................................................843
C.4 Reporting functions.................................................................................................. 845
C.5 Custom antenna pattern import functions............................................................. 847
C.6 List of Plugin Functions........................................................................................... 850
D Scripting API.......................................................................................852
D.1 Global script extensions.......................................................................................... 852
D.2 Newable script extensions....................................................................................... 854
D.2.1 QVisa...........................................................................................................................854
D.2.2 QDir.............................................................................................................................857
D.2.3 QFile............................................................................................................................857
D.2.4 QFileDialog................................................................................................................. 858
D.2.5 QMessageBox.............................................................................................................859
Contents
D.3 Script examples.........................................................................................................860
D.4 List of Script Objects and Methods.........................................................................861
E Common coding algorithms............................................................. 863
F Supported filter and impact of the filter parameters...................... 864
G References..........................................................................................866
Glossary: Terms and abbreviations................................................. 867
Index....................................................................................................871
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Contents
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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
1 Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
The R&S Pulse Sequencer is an application that generates complex pulse signals by
using predefined, configurable test scenarios with different complexity. You can simulate the signals of different emitter and receiver configurations, including antennas and
scan types.
The signal can be played by the instruments listed below, for example to perform radar
receiver tests.
●
R&S SMW
●
R&S SMBV
●
R&S SMBV100B
●
R&S SMM
●
R&S SGT
The R&S Pulse Sequencer software is a standalone, PC-based application that creates waveform files or PDW files. This software is available for free download at https://
www.rohde-schwarz.com/software/pulse-sequencer/.
Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
Key features
Installation
You can find detailed installation instructions in the delivery of the option or in Chap-
ter 2.2, "Installing the software", on page 20.
1.1 Key features
Pulse Sequencer standard features:
●
ARB-based signal generation
●
Multi-segment waveform sequencing
●
Pulse shape definition with rise and fall time, droop, ripple, overshoot
●
Modulation on pulse with all major formats like chirps, Barker codes, polyphase
codes, PSKs, AM, FM
●
Single pulse, pulse train generation with repetition count per pulse
●
Inter-pulse modulation of amplitude, phase, frequency, etc. values from pulse to
pulse
●
Internal and external data sources for modulation
●
Import of waveform files for sequencing with repetition count
Pulse Sequencer advanced features:
●
ARB-based signal generation and multi-segment waveform sequencing
●
Single pulse and pulse train generation with repetition count per pulse
●
Powerful sequencing tool with loops, nested loops, subsequences, and overlays
●
Antenna diagram definition and antenna scan definition
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Antenna diagrams like pencil beams, cosecant beams, Gaussian diagrams, userdefined antenna diagrams, phased array antenna diagrams
●
Antenna scan types like helical scans, circular scans, conical scans
●
Emitter definition by waveforms, antenna diagram, antenna scan, attitude information, EIRP, and carrier frequency
●
Receiver definition by antenna diagram, antenna scan, and attitude information
●
Calculation of signal under consideration of one-way free space propagation
according to emitter and receiver location on the 2D map
●
Import of R&S®WinIQSIM2TM or customer waveforms for interference generation
on the 2D map
The emitter movements option R&S SMW-K304 extends the combination
R&S SMW-K300/-K301/-K302/-K309 with the following features:
●
Enhances the localized and direction finding scenario types by movement profiles
for emitters and receivers
●
Predefined line and arc movements for simple movement traces
●
Waypoint generation from user-defined "Traces" in the GUI
●
Waypoint import interface for complex movement traces
●
WGS84 waypoint interface and import of NMEA waypoints
●
Import of Google Earth and Google Maps .kmlfiles
●
East-North-Up (ENU) 2D vector trajectory interface (line, arc) for automatic waypoint generation
●
Motion interface for dynamics input (velocity vector or velocity magnitude) in ENU
and WGS84
●
Predefined waypoint files for land vehicles, ships, aircraft and spacecraft
●
User-definable and predefined vehicle description files for land vehicles, ships, aircraft and spacecraft
●
Smoothing of waypoints using vehicle description files
Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
Key features
Key features of the R&S SMW-K306 multiple-emitters option :
●
Allows merging of multiple PDW lists in the "PDW list" (Collection) scenario type or
multiple emitters in the "Emitters" (Collection) scenario into a single output file
using a priority scheme for dropping
The R&S SMW-K302 option adds the following features for dynamic scenarios:
●
A "Platform " element that represents a real-world vehicle that can contain multiple
emitters.
●
The realization is similar to the DF receiver model.
●
Three-dimensional placement of emitters on the platform via 3-axis concept (X, Y
and Z).
●
A 2D and 3D preview of the emitter placement.
●
Platforms are mapped to a certain inertia profile (car, ship or plane).
●
Platforms have a tactical icon in dynamic scenarios.
The R&S SMW-K309 option adds the following map-related features:
●
Use georeferenced maps as visual backgrounds for 2D and 3D map views.
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●
Import the following map formats:
– GeoTIF
●
Create trajectories using the "Trace" function.
This function uses a series of user-selected points on the map (i.e. a user-defined
trace) to generate waypoints, automatically.
The R&S SMW-K308 option Direction Finding extends the combination
R&S SMW-K300/-K301 with the following features:
●
Dedicated direction finding scenario and receiver element with multiple antennas
and individual positioning
●
Direction finding receiver definition with up to 20 antennas with individual positioning and pointing
●
Generation of individual waveforms for each receive antenna
Extended Sequencing option R&S SMW-K501/-K502 extends the basic and
advanced options with the following features:
●
Real-time signal generation for unmodulated rectangular CW pulses and pulses
with linear frequency modulation or Barker codes.
Other pulse shapes are realized as sequencer-based ARB playback with min. calculation time and memory requirements
●
Real-time playback of signals created with the R&S SMW-K300/-K301 options
●
Dramatically decreased calculation times compared to simple ARB file creation
●
Extended simulation time of complex scenarios
Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
What's new
For description of the option, see R&S SMW-K501/-K502/-K503/-K504 Extended and
Real Time Sequencing User Manaul.
1.2 Accessing the R&S Pulse Sequencer
To open the application
► On your PC, select "Start > R&S Pulse Sequencer > R&S Pulse Sequencer".
The software opens and per default displays the last opened workspace.
1.3 What's new
This manual describes software version V2.4 and later of the R&S®Pulse Sequencer.
Compared to the previous version, it provides the following new features:
●
Added global RF Off button to mute/unmute all generators, see "Generator"
on page 120.
●
Added standard functions to copy and append or reorder items in various tables,
see Table 2-4.
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●
Added functions for changing the timescale and activating the live stats preview in
the movement preview of the 2D map settings, see "Movement Preview"
on page 399.
●
Added interleaving dialog in PDW list collections, seeChapter 18.6, "PDW list (Col-
lection) interleaving settings", on page 491.
●
Reworked the mode editor dialog, see Chapter 10.3.3, "Mode editor settings",
on page 300.
●
Added function to import user defined icons for displaying TX/RX items, see Chap-
ter 16.11, "Importing user icons", on page 447.
1.4 Documentation overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S Pulse Sequencer user documentation.
Unless specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S Pulse Sequencer
product page at:
https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/pulse-sequencer/
Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
Documentation overview
1.4.1 User manuals and help
Introduces the R&S Pulse Sequencer and describes how to start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical examples, general information, and the
description of all software modes and functions. It also provides complete description
of the remote control commands with programming examples.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S Pulse Sequencer.
The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
1.4.2 Data sheets
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S Pulse Sequencer. It
also lists the options and their order numbers as well as optional accessories.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/pulse-sequencer/.
1.4.3 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/software/pulse-sequencer/.
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1.4.4 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/pulse-sequencer/.
1.5 Scope
This user manual contains a description of the functionality that the software provides,
including remote control operation.
Functions of the vector signal generators are also not described here; they are described in the user manual of the corresponding base unit. You find the latest version on
the product page, for example at www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/smw200a.
Welcome to the R&S Pulse Sequencer
Notes on screenshots
1.6 Notes on screenshots
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as much as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your particular product configuration.
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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
2 Getting started
This section describes the basic steps to be taken when starting up the R&S Pulse
Sequencer for the first time.
● Required options.....................................................................................................18
● Installing the software............................................................................................. 20
● Starting the R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time............................................... 22
● Understanding the displayed information................................................................23
● Software concept in brief.........................................................................................28
● Means of users interaction......................................................................................30
● Trying out the software............................................................................................34
● Customizing the software........................................................................................47
● Getting information and help...................................................................................51
2.1 Required options
Getting started
Required options
The R&S Pulse Sequencer software is a stand-alone, PC-based application that creates waveform files. This software is available for free download on the R&S website.
Waveforms generated with the software can be played by a subset of instruments, that
must fulfill the minimum requirements listed below.
R&S SMW200A
R&S SMW200A base unit equipped with:
●
Option standard or wideband baseband generator (R&S SMW-B9/-B10)
●
Option frequency (e.g. R&S SMW-B103/-B203)
●
Option standard or wideband baseband main module, two I/Q paths to RF (R&S
SMW-B13T/-B13XT)
●
Option pulse sequencer (R&S SMW-K300) per signal path
Additional non-mandatory options (require R&S SMW-B10/-B13T or R&S SMW-B9/B13XT):
●
Option multiple entities (R&S SMW-K76)
●
Option advanced features for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMW-K301) per signal path
●
Option emitter movements R&S SMW-K304
(requires option R&S SMW-B9)
●
Option multiple emitters (R&S SMW-K306) per signal path
●
Option emitter interleaving extended (R&S SMW-K307) per signal path
(requires option R&S SMW-B9 and R&S SMW-K306)
●
Option direction finding for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMW-K308) per signal path
(requires option R&S SMW-K301)
●
Option dynamic radar platforms with multiple emitters (R&S SMW-K302)
●
Option georeferenced maps as visual backgrounds for 2D and 3D map views
(R&S SMW-K309)
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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
●
Option extended sequencer for R&S SMW-B10 (R&S SMW-K501) and for
R&S SMW-B9 (R&S SMW-K502) per signal path
●
Further options depending on the particular application
For example, if waveform files generated with R&S®WinIQSIM2TM are used within
the sequences, the corresponding R&S SMW-K2xx options
R&S SMBV100B
R&S SMBV100B base unit equipped with:
●
Option frequency (R&S SMBV-B103/KB106)
●
Option Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMBVB-K300)
Additional non-mandatory options:
●
ARB memory extension (R&S SMBVB-K511/-K512/-K513)
Option RF bandwidth extension (R&S SMBVB-K523/-K524)
●
Option advanced features for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMBVB-K301)
●
Option direction finding for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMBVB-K308)
●
Further options depending on the particular application
For example, if waveform files generated with R&S WinIQSIM2TM are used within
the sequences, the corresponding R&S SMBVB-K2xx options
Getting started
Required options
R&S SMBV100A
R&S SMBV100A base unit equipped with:
●
Option baseband generator (R&S SMBV-B51)
●
Option frequency (R&S SMBV-B1xx)
●
Option Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMBV-K300)
Additional non-mandatory options:
●
Option RF bandwidth extension (R&S SMBV-K521/-K522)
●
Option advanced features for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SMBV-K301)
●
Further options depending on the particular application
For example, if waveform files generated with R&S WinIQSIM2TM are used within
the sequences, the corresponding R&S SMBV-K2xx options
R&S SMM
R&S SMM base unit equipped with:
●
Option DFS (R&S SMM-K350)
R&S SGT100A
R&S SGT100A base unit equipped with:
●
Option frequency (R&S SGT-KB106)
●
Option baseband generator (R&S SGT-K510)
●
Option Pulse Sequencer (R&S SGT-K300)
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Additional non-mandatory options:
●
Option memory extension for ARB (R&S SGT-K51x)
●
Option advanced features for Pulse Sequencer (R&S SGT-K301)
●
Further options depending on the particular application
For example, if waveform files generated with R&S WinIQSIM2TM are used within
the sequences, the corresponding R&S SGT-K2xx options
2.2 Installing the software
Software updates and the release notes describing the improvements and modifications are available for download at the product page https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/
software/pulse-sequencer/.
Software and hardware requirements
Minimum requirements:
●
Software
–
●
Hardware
Getting started
Installing the software
Microsoft®Windows 10, 64-Bit operating system (x64-based or x86-based processor)
Table 2-1: Hardware requirements
AMD or Intel CPU Dual Core, 2 GHz Intel 8 Core i7 10700, AMD Ryzen
RAM ≥ 2 GB 64 GB
Video NVIDIA Quadro 128 MB or ATI Radeon NVIDIA Quadro 128 MB or ATI
Video resolution ≥ 1280 x 1024 pixels ≥ 1920 x 1200 pixels
Rendering OpenGL, shader model 3 OpenGL, shader model 3
Network LAN 1 GB/s LAN 1 GB/s
Minimum requirements Recommended hardware
series
Radeon
To install the software
Download the R&S Pulse Sequencer software form the Rohde & Schwarz website.
The R&S Pulse Sequencer software consists of the file
PS-Install <major>.<minor>.<build>.<release>-x64.msi.
1. Start the PS-Install <major>.<minor>.<build>.<release>-x64.msi
file.
The filename follows the naming conventions:
● <major>.<minor> is the software version
● <build> is the build number.
This is the day elapsed since 1 January 2000
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● <release> indicates the release on the build date.
● x64 indicates that this is a 64-bit installation file.
2. Depending on your user rights, select one of the following:
a) Installation for all users (default)
b) Installation for current user only
Getting started
Installing the software
This is 1/10 of the number of seconds elapsed since midnight.
You can run the software version with the extension x64 only on a 64-bit operating system, see "Software and hardware requirements" on page 20.
● Requires administrator rights
● Is a per-machine installation
● Project data and program data are common to all users
● Users keep their individual settings
● Does not require administrator rights
● Is a per-user installation
● Installation in %HomePath%
3. Choose the setup type.
4. Follow the installation instructions.
The installer performs the following actions:
● If enabled, installs the R&S VISA software on the PC
● Installs the R&S Pulse Sequencer software including an uninstall tool
● Creates a shortcut on the desktop
● Creates the folder structure listed in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2: Default file location (software installation for all users)
File type File location
Program data
Project data (Repository database)
SDK files
Report files, startup log file, calculated data, volatile data
User settings (Workspace, etc.)
%PROGRAMFILES(X86)%\Rohde-Schwarz\Pulse Sequencer
(Path)
%PUBLIC%\Public\Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\
Pulse Sequencer
(DataPath)
%HOMEPATH%
(HomePath or ReportPath)
%HOMEPATH%\AppData\Roaming\Rohde-Schwarz\
Pulse Sequencer
See also:
●
"To access the "Debug Information" dialog" on page 804
For information on the version of the used VISA library and the list of all loaded
modules.
●
Chapter 23.3, "Defining storage locations", on page 531
For information on how to query and change data storage location.
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2.3 Starting the R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time
1. On your PC,
a) Select "Start > R&S Pulse Sequencer > R&S Pulse Sequencer" or
b) Double click the shortcut icon on the desktop.
The "Startup Assistant" opens.
Getting started
Starting the R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time
2. Select "Create a repository" > "Next".
3. Follow the instructions. Use the default settings when starting R&S Pulse
Sequencer for the first time.
A new repository ("New_<Year>-<Month>-<Day>T<Time>") is created that contains a simple scenario ("PTrain 01").
Your workspace resembles the one shown in the following figure.
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See also:
● Figure 2-1 (in Chapter 2.4, "Understanding the displayed information",
● Chapter 2.5, "Software concept in brief", on page 28
● Chapter 2.7, "Trying out the software", on page 34
2.4 Understanding the displayed information
The following figure shows an example test scenario during software operation. The
different information areas are labeled. They are explained in more detail in the following sections.
Getting started
Understanding the displayed information
on page 23)
Figure 2-1: R&S Pulse Sequencer default workspace: understanding the displayed information
1 = Title bar
2 = Menu bar with standard functions, e.g. save/open file etc.
3 = Toolbar
4 = Project tree (repository tree)
5 = Screens for individual scenarios
6 = Work area
4+6 = Workspace
7 = Taskbar with indication of enabled remote control incl. details like IP address (if enabled), information
on the required highest security level (if enabled) and access to active dialogs
The user interface of the R&S Pulse Sequencer offers an intuitive operating concept.
Operation is similar to any operating system. All menus and dialogs use known elements, e.g., selection lists, checkboxes, and entry fields.
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R&S®Pulse Sequencer
Getting started
Understanding the displayed information
Menu bar
Table 2-3: Content of the menu bar
File Repository Configure Adjustment Tools Window Help
●
New Repository
●
Load or Manage Repositories
●
Save Repository
●
Import Repository Archive
●
Export Repository
●
Clear Workspace
●
Open Workspace
●
Save Workspace
●
Save Workspace As
●
Exit
Quick access
to currently
loaded repository
●
Signal Generators
●
Remote
Control
●
Colors
●
Settings
●
Configure
●
Manage Data
●
Run level
Adjustment
●
●
●
●
Script
Control
Panel
Console
Wizard
●
●
●
●
●
●
Message
Log
SCPI Log
MinSize All
Windows
Cascade
Close All
Screen 1 ..
4
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Online
Help
Documentation
Examples
SDK
Tutoriaks
Find
conncetors
Debug
Information
About
Toolbars
The R&S Pulse Sequencer offers two toolbars.
Standard functions can be performed via the icons in the main toolbar at the top of the
screen.
Figure 2-2: Standard functions in the main toolbar
1 = Save as: stores current workspace configuration
2 = Repository:
- = Creates a repository
- = Opens "Manage Repository" dialog for loading, discarding or exporting repositories
3 = Project tree:
- = Creates a scenario
- = Starts a wizard to create an emitter or pulse train in current repository
4 = Generator:
- = Opens the "Signal Generators" dialog
- = Opens the signal generator "control panel"
5 = Logs:
- = Opens the "Message Log" window
- = Opens the "SCPI Log" window
6 = Screen: switches between the virtual screens
7 = Opens the "Program Settings" dialog
8 = Help:
- = Opens the "Example Files" folder
- = Opens the "SDK" folder
- = Opens the help documentation folder containing help documents
- = Displays context-sensitive help topic for currently selected element
9 = Hardcopy: copies current dialog to the clipboard
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Functions relating to the "Project Tree" can be performed via the icons in the toolbar
below the main toolbar.
Figure 2-3: Functions in the Project Tree toolbar
1 = Filters out the displayed elements in the "Project Tree" and displays, for example, only the uppermost
node, i.e. scenarios ("Show = Only Scenarios")
2 = Moves the elements within a node up/down in the "Project Tree"
3 = Expand/collapse all nodes in the "Project Tree"
Virtual screens
Using the R&S Pulse Sequencer you can handle several scenarios with even comprehensive settings at the same time. You can arrange the dialogs across multiple screens
logically, so that you can easily switch between them. You can, for example, assign the
subset of antenna dialogs to one screen and the pulse and modulation dialogs to
another.
Getting started
Understanding the displayed information
Repository tree
The repository tree shows the content of all currently loaded repositories. Repository
elements are indicated with the assigned icons, their names, and the first comment
line.
= Name, see "Name and comment" on page 26
1
2 = First comment line
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Name and comment
Each repository element is identified with its unique name and optional description
entered in the comment field. The description can contain several lines; new line is
added by pressing [Shift+Enter].
See also "Dialog names" on page 27.
1
= A unique name to indicate the element in the repository
2 = Description; the first line is displayed in the repository tree
Context-sensitive menus
Getting started
Understanding the displayed information
All user interface controls provide a context-sensitive menu. Context-sensitive menus
are accessed with a right mouse click on the control.
= Context menu of an icon
1
2 = Context menu of a parameter
Tooltips
Tooltips indicate the possible value range of a parameter or list overview information on
current settings.
= Tooltip of a setting parameter, indicating the allowed value range
1
2 = Tooltip with detailed information on a setting
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Dialog names
The name of a dialog indicates its content or the functionality this dialog covers. The
used naming convention helps you to recognize which database element you are configuring, to which scenario it belongs and what its current name is.
"<Repository Element>: <Scenario Name> -> <Function Name>"
1
= Repository element
2 = Scenario name
3 = Function name
Undocking dialogs
If your workspace contains several simultaneously opened dialogs, you can undock
dialogs and distribute them also outside the workspace, for example place them on a
second monitor.
Getting started
Understanding the displayed information
= Undocks the dialog
1
Interactive 3D displays
Several dialogs display the configured settings as 2D or as interactive 3D models or
full 3D antenna radiation patterns.
Turning the mouse wheel zooms in and out on these dialogs. Moving the mouse while
holding the left mouse key rotates the 3D view around its origin.
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Interactive 2D map
Drag&drop elements into the 2D map or pan and zoom to change the displayed map
area.
Keyboard shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts are available for the most common functions in the software.
2.5 Software concept in brief
The following is brief introduction to the software concept and the way it handles files
and settings.
Repository
The R&S Pulse Sequencer organizes the data in repositories.
A repository is a file-based database located on the local hard drive or on a network
storage drive.
Getting started
Software concept in brief
Repositories are entirely managed by the R&S Pulse Sequencer. They can be password protected against unauthorized access. Repositories can be exported as archives
and shared among multiple users if they are located on a network drive. Several users
can have read permission to load and use the same repository simultaneously. However, only one user can have a write permission at a time.
For more information, see Chapter 4, "Organizing the project data in repositories",
on page 102.
Scenario
The scenario is the top-level description of the signals to be generated.
The type of the scenario determines which kind of signal is calculated and how this signal is processed. A more complex scenario combines several signals. Scenarios can
also contain information about the time variation of the signals.
Starting a scenario creates the I/Q waveform, sends them to the ARBs and configures
the signal generators.
For more information, see Chapter 5, "Selecting a suitable scenario and creating sce-
narios", on page 113.
Platform
A platform is a group of up to 8 emitters assigned to a single vehicle. A platform can
be static or moving. A platform is characterized by its icon, list of emitters, position and
trajectory. The emitters on a platform can be individually configured.
For more information, see Chapter 12, "Creating platforms", on page 319.
Emitter
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Emitters emulate radar systems. The emitter combines a sequence, an antenna scan,
and an antenna pattern to one logical unit.
An emitter can work in more than one operating mode and switch between them. The
operating mode is a description of the radar purpose, such as scanning, searching or
tracking. For example, an airport surveillance radar can switch between different scan
types to observe its airspace.
Each mode can have individual antenna and signal configuration. Multiple beams are
possible within a mode.
For more information, see Chapter 16, "Creating complex 2D scenarios with receiver
and TX items", on page 389.
Antenna
The antenna characterizes the radiation pattern of the emitter. Typical radar antennas like the phase array antennas can adapt their radiation pattern dynamically,
depending on the operating mode the radar is working in. For example, an antenna
can use a cosecant beam in scan mode and pencil beam in track mode.
Getting started
Software concept in brief
Antennas can have various scan types. The scan type describes the movement of the
antenna. For example, circular, sector and custom.
For more information, see Chapter 9, "Defining antenna patterns and antenna scans",
on page 242.
Receiver
Receivers are used to model direction finding systems. They comprise of up to 20
individual antennas with individual patterns and positioning relative to a direction finding system.
For more information, see Chapter 13, "Emulating receivers", on page 332.
Sequence
A sequence describes how pulses are arranged to form a waveform. The most simple
sequence comprises one pulse that is repeated with a constant PRI (pulse repetition
interval). Typical sequences however are rather complex; they can contain pulse definitions, waveforms, and sequencing elements such as repetitions and loops.
The sequence is a logical description. It cannot directly be represented as an I/Q
waveform.
For more information, see Chapter 7, "Building pulse sequences", on page 185.
Pulse
In the R&S Pulse Sequencer, pulses are the fundamental building block of any signal. Pulses are described mathematically with their amplitude (envelope), the applied
modulation on pulse (MOP) and the enabled marker signals. One single pulse description is however not sufficient to calculate (and process) a signal; pulses have to be
organized in a sequence, and assigned to an emitter.
For more information, see Chapter 6, "Creating a pulse library", on page 138.
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IPM (Inter-Pulse Modulation)
Inter-Pulse Modulation (IPM) profiles modify a pulse parameter (like level, pulse repetition interval, or frequency offset) from one pulse to another one. The IPM profiles are
applied within a sequence.
For more information, see Chapter 8, "Defining and enabling inter-pulse modulation
effects", on page 210.
Waveforms, interferers and imported signals
In addition to creating pulse signals you can also load waveform files and create waveform scenarios with them or even use them as interferes.
An interferer contains complete waveforms, that can be user-defined or created with
the signal generation software R&S WinIQSIM2. Interferes can be mixed with the signal.
For more information, see Chapter 14, "Working with waveforms", on page 353.
Data source
Getting started
Means of users interaction
Data source defines a numerical source for the symbols used in the modulations
applied on the pulse (MOP).
For more information, see Chapter 19, "Defining the data source", on page 499.
Plugins
A plugin is an extension to the standard functions of the R&S Pulse Sequencer.
For example, a plugin can be a user-defined MOP or IPM profile.
For even more flexibility, plugins can contain variables.
If different values are assigned to the same variable in the different pulses, the applied
MOP varies.
For more information, see "How to import and assign user defined plugins"
on page 505.
2.6 Means of users interaction
This chapter provides an overview on how to work with the R&S Pulse Sequencer and
describes the manual operation of the software and also the alternative ways of operation.
There are two ways to operate the R&S Pulse Sequencer:
●
Manual operation:
Run the software on your PC and use the mouse and/or keyboard.
●
Remote control:
Create programs to automate settings, tests and measurements. The software is
controlled by a program, running on the same or on another computer.
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This way of operation is described Chapter 24, "Automation of R&S Pulse
Sequencer", on page 542.
Basic operation concept
This section lists settings and functions that are common to the dialogs and are performed in the same manner throughout the software. You can use them alternatively or
complementary.
As described in Chapter 2.5, "Software concept in brief", on page 28, the R&S Pulse
Sequencer software is based on a relational database that organizes database elements within repositories. Database elements are indicated by their names; within one
repository, element names must be unique (see "Name and comment" on page 26).
Creating elements
Once created, database elements can be used by other elements within the same
repository. Elements can be created in both the bottom-up and the top-down direction,
or in a combination of these two methods:
●
Bottom-up: you can create your pulse and waveform library first, then build
sequences, create scenarios, and use the created sequences or assign them to
emitters.
●
Top-down: create your scenario, create emitter, define the antenna pattern/scan,
define the used sequence, and define the pulses and waveforms.
Getting started
Means of users interaction
= Repository, one or more within the database
1
2 = Scenario level; scenarios describe one or more emitters and one or more sequences
3 = Emitter level; emitters are described among others with antenna patterns and antenna scans
4 = Antenna patterns and antenna scans
5 = Sequence level; sequences are built of one or more pulses or waveforms
6 = Pulse and waveform level
7a, 7b = Creating elements at any level with clone and copy
For information on the naming conventions and description of the database elements,
see Chapter 2.5, "Software concept in brief", on page 28.
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Handling database elements
While creating database elements, consider also the following possibilities:
●
Change
Files describing elements are stored once but can be used several times. When
one file is changed, its parent elements are also updated.
●
Clone
Elements can be cloned to create a deep copy of the database element.
●
Delete
Elements can be deleted if they are not referenced by other elements.
●
Copy
If two repositories are opened in the project tree, a drag and drop operation creates
a copy of the selected element and all referenced elements.
Standard function in the context menus
Each dialog with settings belonging to a "higher-level" element provides standard functions to:
●
Assign existing elements
●
Create elements
●
Edit the existing assigned element.
Getting started
Means of users interaction
You can access these functions from the context-sensitive menus of the icons listed in
Table 2-4.
Table 2-4: Overview of the used icons and their functions
Icon Name Function/Description
<Function> Menu
(the name changes depending on
the situation)
More Select
Pulse, Waveform Creates repository element
Antenna Pattern, Antenna Scan,
Sequence
Smart menu with several options,
depending on the current element
and situation:
●
New (Item)
●
Append item
●
Prepend item
●
Insert Item
●
Insert Item Before/After
●
Delete Item
●
Clear (Selection)
●
Edit
●
Select (from a list)
●
Rename
●
Import/Export
Edit
New
Accesses a dialog with detailed settings
Emitter/Interferer, receiver
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Icon Name Function/Description
Getting started
Means of users interaction
3D, 2D diagram
Append item, Remove item, Delete Appends or removes item, deletes all
items
Left/Right , Up/Down Reorders items
Copy and append Copies the selected line of the table
and appends it at the end of the table
Select Selects a table row or an item for
editing
Enable/Disable Activates or deactivates settings
Hardcopy, Print Copies current screen or dialog to
the clipboard;
Prints current diagram
Split window Detaches the diagram and opens it
in a separate window
Name depends on contents Opens a settings dialog. For exam-
ple, "Visualization settings" or "Program settings".
Standard functions for elements handling
The following standard direct interaction functions are supported:
●
Double-click
Opens the selected element for editing
●
Clone
Creates a copy of the selected element
●
Drag and Drop
A drag and drop operation:
– Creates a copy of the selected element, together with all referenced elements
– Assigns an element to a 2D view
– Importsa repository
– Imports waveform files into the repository
●
Mouse wheel
Turning the mouse wheel zooms in and out.
Description of alternative methods
This manual describes the manual interaction with the software via the menus. Many
elements that can be accessed form menus can also be accessed by clicking an icon
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or using the context menu. Alternative procedures are only described if they deviate
from the standard operating procedures.
Throughout the manual, the term "select" refers to any of the described methods.
2.7 Trying out the software
This chapter introduces the most important functions and often used settings of the
R&S Pulse Sequencer step by step. The complete description of all functions and their
usage is provided in the corresponding main chapters of this user manual.
Prerequisite
The software is running and started up as described in Chapter 2.3, "Starting the
R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time", on page 22.
For the first signal generation tasks, you use the on-demand Wizard to generate an
ARB signal, so you do not need any external instruments. More complex signal gener-
ation tasks, however, require an external signal generator equipped with the options
listed in Chapter 2.1, "Required options", on page 18.
Getting started
Trying out the software
The software is manually operated. Try out the following:
● Completing the scenario that was automatically created upon start up..................34
● Generating an ARB waveform file...........................................................................35
● Verifying the generated signal in the signal preview...............................................37
● Launching the built-in wizard...................................................................................38
● Using the wizard to create a complex scenario.......................................................39
● Transferring the waveform to and playing it with a connected instrument.............. 45
● Saving and recalling settings.................................................................................. 45
● Advanced features and examples...........................................................................46
2.7.1 Completing the scenario that was automatically created upon start up
We assume that you have started the software as described in Chapter 2.3, "Starting
the R&S Pulse Sequencer for the first time", on page 22. Your workspace resembles
the one shown on Figure 2-1 (see section Chapter 2.4, "Understanding the displayed
information", on page 23).
Your repository contains:
●
"P1": an unmodulated pulse with pulse width of 100 us and rise and fall times set to
zero
●
"PTrain 01": a sequence containing one single pulse, "P1". This pulse is processed
once ("Rep. Count = 1") and has a pulse repetition interval "PRI = 200 us".
To create a sequence with 10 pulses, each having a PRI of 1 ms
1. In the repository tree, select "Scenario > Sequences > PTrain 01".
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2. In the "Sequence Description" table, select:
a) "Rep. Count = 10"
b) "PRI = 1 ms"
Getting started
Trying out the software
For information on the provided settings, see:
● Chapter 7.2, "Sequence settings", on page 187
● Chapter 6.2.2, "Pulse timing settings", on page 141
To assign the sequence to the scenario
When created by the "Wizard", the sequence is automatically assigned to the scenario.
If not, proceed as follows:
1. In the repository tree, select "Scenario > PTrain 01".
The "Scenario" dialog opens and displays a block diagram of the signal flow.
2. In the block diagram, select "Sequence" and select the icon to open the context
menu.
3. Select "Select > PTrain 01".
The status indicator in the "Sequence" block is green.
The status indicator in the "Signal Calculation" block is still red.
2.7.2 Generating an ARB waveform file
The initial situation is the configuration described in "To assign the sequence to the
scenario" on page 35.
To set the output target for the created signal
1. In the repository tree, select "Scenario > SimplePulseTrain".
The "Scenario" dialog opens and displays a block diagram of the signal flow.
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2. In the block diagram, select "Signal Generation" and select the icon to open the
context menu.
3. Select "Config > Target > File" to save the generated signal to your PC.
A list of the available Signal Generators appears.
A check mark indicates the currently selected signal generator.
4. Select a signal generator from the list.
The block name changes to indicate the selected signal generator.
Note: If the previous selection was "Target > Generator", the target icon next to the
block diagram changes to a yellow folder.
5. Edit the destination filename shown in the field next to the target icon.
The default name is IQ.wv
Change the name but do not change the file extension (e.g. Gen1_Waveform.wv).
6. In the context menu, select "Set Path...".
7. In the Windows Explorer, navigate to the directory in which the file will be saved.
Getting started
Trying out the software
The block diagram shows the settings.
The "Info" area shows a status indication and displays information and warnings
about the scenario. For example, if the generator does not support extended
sequencing, the information displays here. The created signal is a multi-segment or
ARB waveform.
For better visualization, change the default configuration so that an ARB waveform
is generated.
8. Select "Signal Calculation > Config > Config".
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9. In the "Signal Calculation Settings" dialog, select "Output > Create ARB wave-
form".
If all preconditions for signal generation are fulfilled, the "Calculate" button is active and
you can start signal calculation.
To start the signal calculation
► In the "Scenario" dialog, select "Calculate".
The R&S Pulse Sequencer creates the ARB waveform and shows the current progress.
A green indicator in the "Signal Calculation" block confirms that the calculation is
completed. The line between the "Signal Calculation" and the "Signal Generation"
blocks confirms that the calculated signal can be transmitted to the selected target.
For information on the provided settings, see:
● Chapter 5.2, "Scenario settings", on page 114
Getting started
Trying out the software
2.7.3 Verifying the generated signal in the signal preview
It is often useful to check the generated signal visually, before you transfer it to the Signal Generators. The R&S Pulse Sequencer provides a built-in function, the "Signal Preview", to represent the generated signal in a graphical form.
The initial situation is the configuration described in "To start the signal calculation"
on page 37.
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To open the "Signal Preview" and visualize the generated signal
► In the "Scenario" dialog, select "Signal Calculation > Results > View" and select the
name of the calculated waveform.
Getting started
Trying out the software
Figure 2-4: Signal Preview
The Signal Preview shows a sequence composed of 10 unmodulated pulses.
In its default view mode, the "Signal Preview" dialog displays the I and Q data as a
function of time, the spectrum of the generated signal and I/Q the constellation diagram.
The displayed settings confirm that:
●
Generated is a sequence of 10 pulses
●
Each pulse has a PRI = 1 ms
●
The waveform is 10 ms long, that is 10*PRI
●
Each pulse has a pulse width of 100 us.
For information on the provided settings, see Chapter 15.1, "Waveform view and signal
preview settings", on page 375.
For information on the provided settings, see Chapter 15.2, "Signal preview settings",
on page 379.
2.7.4 Launching the built-in wizard
To help you get familiar with the software, the R&S Pulse Sequencer provides a built-in
startup assistant, the " Wizard".
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You can access this "Wizard":
●
On an application start:
That is, each time you start the software
●
On demand:
That is, any time during operation when you need a fast configuration of few settings.
To start the built-in wizard
► In the tool bar, select "Tools > Wizard".
The "Startup Assistant" opens.
Getting started
Trying out the software
2.7.5 Using the wizard to create a complex scenario
The main application field of the R&S Pulse Sequencer is the generation of pulsed signals. This example uses the "Wizard" to introduce the way you can create and define
antenna patterns, antenna scans, emitters, etc. and interact with the software.
To create a new single emitter scenario
1. Start the "Wizard", see Chapter 2.7.4, "Launching the built-in wizard", on page 38.
2. In the assistant dialog, select "Create Emitter".
Confirm with "Next".
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Getting started
Trying out the software
3. Use the default settings and select "Waveform Characteristics > MOP > Barker".
Select "Next".
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Getting started
Trying out the software
4. Confirm with "Finish".
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Getting started
Trying out the software
The software creates the scenario automatically with all required elements, e.g.
one new emitter ("ComNav 01"), one new sequence ("ComNav 01"), new pulse
("ComNav 01"), etc.
For information on the provided settings, see:
● Chapter 10.1, "Emitter settings", on page 289
● Chapter 9.2, "Antenna pattern settings", on page 245
● Chapter 9.3, "Antenna scans settings", on page 262
● Chapter 6.2.5, "Modulation on pulse (MOP) settings", on page 151
To visualize the signal received by a static receiver
1. Open the automatically created emitter-based scenario ("ComNav 01").
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2. In the "Emitter" section on the block diagram, select the "3D" icon.
Getting started
Trying out the software
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The "3D Single Emitter" dialog displays a live plot of the normalized signal power
level at the receiver and an interactive 3D view of the emitter antenna pattern and
scan.
3. Use the mouse wheel to zoom in and out.
4. To rotate the 3D view around its origin, left mouse click. Keep the key pressed and
move the mouse.
For information, see Chapter 16, "Creating complex 2D scenarios with receiver and
TX items", on page 389
To create and verify the generated ARB waveform
1. In the "Scenario" dialog, define the storage location for the ARB files, see Chap-
ter 2.7.2, "Generating an ARB waveform file", on page 35.
Getting started
Trying out the software
2. Select "Calculate" to start signal calculation.
3. Select "Signal Calculation > Results > View" and select the name of the calculated
waveform.
4. In the "Signal Preview" dialog, select "View Mode > Phase".
5. Use the "Zoom In" button to change the scale on the y axis.
6. Select "Navigation > pulse Icon" to jump to the first pulse.
Select the pulse icon again to scroll through the pulses.
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Getting started
Trying out the software
Figure 2-5: Signal Preview: Phase changes confirm the used Barker modulation (partial view,
7. Compare the signal spectrum with the spectrum on Figure 2-4.
You can retrieve more information about the waveform, for example observe the
spectrogram, display a part of the signal in greater details, or enable and display
marker traces.
You find details in the following:
● Chapter 15.1, "Waveform view and signal preview settings", on page 375
● Chapter 21, "Defining and enabling marker signals", on page 509
10th pulse shown)
2.7.6 Transferring the waveform to and playing it with a connected instrument
The example configurations are theoretical cases, because you rather do not use the
software alone. Usually, the PC with the installed software would be connected via
LAN to a vector signal generator.
Transferring of waveforms and playing them by a signal generator is beyond the scope
of these first steps.
For description, see Chapter 17, "Playing the generated waveform files", on page 450.
2.7.7 Saving and recalling settings
Repositories are automatically saved when you exist the application. We recommend
that you set a meaningful repository name before closing the application.
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To rename the repository
Your workspace shows one automatically created repository, "New_yyyy_mm_tttt".
1. In the repository tree, select "Repository > New_yyyy_mm_tttt".
2. Change the name. Optionally, enter a comment.
For example, enter "General > Name > K300 and K301 Tests" or a "Comment >
Repository with test files".
To enter a new line in the comment field, press [Shift+Enter].
3. Close the dialog.
To save the repository
Getting started
Trying out the software
A yellow data base icon
changes.
► In the menu bar, select "File > Save Repository > _Repository name_".
The repository is stored in the data path set during the program installation.
To exit the software
► Close the application software.
If the current repository contains unsaved changes, you are prompt to store or
ignore them.
Note: Unsaved changes are lost.
For more information, see:
●
Chapter 2.8.1, "Customizing your workspace", on page 47
●
Chapter 4.3, "How to manage the project data", on page 108
in the repository tree indicates that there are unsaved
2.7.8 Advanced features and examples
With these first steps, you have gained an impression of the provided functionality.
You find a comprehensive description of the full range of capabilities in the following
sections:
●
Chapter 6.3, "How to create a new pulse and adjust its settings", on page 177
●
Chapter 7.3, "How to create sequences and use the control elements",
on page 198
●
Chapter 5.3, "How to select and create a test scenario", on page 136
●
Chapter 3.3, "Configuring the test setup in the R&S Pulse Sequencer",
on page 59
●
Chapter 15.4, "Analyzing the calculated results", on page 385
●
Chapter 17.5, "How to create and play the waveforms of simple scenarios",
on page 465
●
Chapter 22.2, "How to create test reports", on page 523
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●
Chapter 9.4, "How to create a library with antenna patterns and scans",
on page 275
●
Chapter 10.4, "How to create and configure emitters", on page 302
●
Chapter 16.1, "How to create scenarios with receiver and TX items", on page 390
●
Chapter 14.3, "How to create a waveform scenario and work with waveforms",
on page 370
●
Chapter 8.2, "How to create IPM profiles and vary pulse parameters", on page 230
●
Chapter 21.2, "How to configure and visualize markers", on page 512
●
Chapter 19.2, "How to configure the bit stream used by the MOP", on page 503
●
"How to import and assign user defined plugins" on page 505
2.8 Customizing the software
You can change default application settings to adapt the user interface to your needs.
● Customizing your workspace.................................................................................. 47
● Changing colors and default configuration..............................................................48
Getting started
Customizing the software
2.8.1 Customizing your workspace
A workspace comprises the repository tree on the left side with one or more loaded
repositories, and the working area with one or more screens. You can create several
workspaces with different repositories assigned to them. You can save and load a
user-defined workspace and switch between the different workspaces.
To save a workspace
We assume that you have opened or created a repository and opened one or more
dialogs in one of the screens.
1. In the menu bar, select "File > Save Workspace/Save Workspace As" or use the
save icon in the toolbar.
2. In the explorer, enter a filename, e.g. MyWorkspace.pswk and confirm with "Ok".
Per default, the *.pswk file is stored in the application data directory.
To load a workspace
1. In the menu bar, select "File > Open Workspace".
Existing default and user-defined workspaces are listed.
2. Select a workspace.
The workspace opens. All dialogs and repositories associated with the workspace
are displayed.
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To close a workspace
You can close a workspace if you do not need it no longer or you need to switch to a
different one.
► In the menu bar, select "File > Clear Workspace".
The workspace is closed.
Closing the workspace unloads all repositories and closes all dialogs.
You can open a workspace again, see "To load a workspace" on page 47.
2.8.2 Changing colors and default configuration
You can change the default application settings, for example, change the display colors
or change default settings of the R&S Pulse Sequencer.
To customize the display colors
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure > Colors".
Getting started
Customizing the software
1
= Color scheme
2 = Assigns colors to the different display elements
2. Select a predefined color scheme and, if necessary, adjust the display colors indi-
vidually.
3. Adjust the display colors of the individual elements, e.g select "Traces > Magni-
tude" and change the default color.
4. Select "Save As" to store your custom color profile in a file, e.g. MyColors.col.
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To change the general program settings
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure > Settings".
Getting started
Customizing the software
2. Change the settings, select the colors indicating the different security levels.
For information on the security levels, see "General Repository Settings"
on page 102.
3. Confirm with "Apply".
To set the size and color scheme of the hardcopies
For documentation purposes, you can create a hardcopy or screenshot of the current
screen or dialog. Hardcopies can be sent to the printer or stored to the clipboard.
1. To adjust the hardcopy size, in the menu bar, select "Configure > Settings > Graph-
ics".
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Getting started
Customizing the software
2. Select "Use bright colors for screenshots > On" e.g. for ink-saving printing.
Brighter colors are used for all graphical screens instead of the ones set in the current color scheme.
3. Select "Use custom size for screenshots instead of 800x600 > On" and set the
"Width" and "Height" in number of pixels.
4. Confirm with "Apply".
The settings provided on the other tabs in the "Program Settings" dialog are explained
in:
●
Chapter 23, "Performing administration tasks", on page 526
●
Chapter 17.3, "File transfer settings", on page 460
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2.9 Getting information and help
If any questions or problems concerning the R&S Pulse Sequencer arise, an extensive
online help system is provided in the software and can be consulted at any time.
The integrated help system provides the description of all functions. The help system is
context-sensitive and provides information specifically for the current operation or setting to be performed. In addition, general topics provide an overview on complete tasks
or function groups and background information.
Calling up Help
► To display the "Help" dialog for the currently focused screen element, e.g. a setting
in an opened dialog, select the "Help" icon on the toolbar or press F1.
The "Help" dialog is displayed. A topic containing information about the focused
element is displayed. If no context-specific help topic is available, a more general
topic or the "Contents" tab is displayed.
The "Help" toolbar provides buttons with standard navigation functions. The "Help"
window contains several tabs:
● "View" - shows the selected help topic
● "Contents" - contains a table of help contents
● "Index" - contains index entries to search for help topics
● "Bookmarks" - contains custom bookmarks
● "Search" - provides text search
Getting started
Getting information and help
The index is sorted alphabetically. You can browse the list, or search for entries
in the list
To close the Help window
► Select the "Close" icon in the upper right corner of the help window.
2.9.1 Tutorials
The R&S Pulse Sequencer offers tutorials on some of the software's functions and
tools.
These tutorials are short animated clips on how to perform key actions.
There is also a tutorial of new features on startup.
Accessing the tutorials
By default, a tutorial is offered automatically the first time you access the associated
function. For example, when you click "Map" in a 2D map scenario.
When a tutorial is offered, you can watch it or decline it.
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Figure 2-6: Show Tutorial message box
Click "Yes" to start the tutorial.
If you decline (i.e. by clicking "No"), the tutorial is not offered again.
To start a tutorial on demand
► In the menu, select "Help > Tutorial" and select on of the tutorials.
To re-enable all the tutorials
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure > Settings" to open the "Program Settings" dia-
log.
Getting started
Getting information and help
2. In the "Program Settings" dialog, select the "General" tab (see Chapter 23.1, "Set-
ting general program settings", on page 526).
3. In the "General" tab, select the "Show all tutorials" checkbox.
Tutorials appear when you access related functions.
Figure 2-7: Tutorial window
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1 = Topic of tutorial
2 = Text describing current actions
3 = Start next tutorial
4 = Allow tutorial to play next time view is opened
It is not possible to interact with the user interface during the tutorial. Close the tutorial
window to return to the user interface.
The tutorials have no audio.
Getting started
Getting information and help
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3 Preparing the system for use
The R&S Pulse Sequencer runs as a standalone software application on a PC. The
software produces waveform or PDW files that can be used with a signal generator.
Initially, while becoming familiar with the waveform or PDW files or creating test signals, signal generators are not required. All configurations can be performed with the
aid of virtual generators which are placeholders for physical instruments. Generators
are defined in terms of ARB memory depth, RF frequency or signal bandwidth. Waveforms are then calculated to match the specific generators. Waveforms are stored on
the local hard disk in the most suitable format for these generators.
Complex signal generation tasks require at least one signal generator. If a signal generator is equipped with the required options and assigned in the software, waveform
files generated with the R&S Pulse Sequencer can be directly transmitted to it.
See Chapter 2.1, "Required options", on page 18 for an overview of the supported signal generators and a list of the required options.
Preparing the system for use
Test setups
Connect the test system first
Use of the R&S Pulse Sequencer does not require a connected external signal generator.
However, if the particular test setup is known, we recommend that you connect and
cable the test system before you start the configurations in R&S Pulse Sequencer.
This section describes the general steps to be taken when preparing the test system
for operation. It does not substitute the recommendations provided in the Getting Started manuals for the instruments.
3.1 Test setups
The R&S Pulse Sequencer generates complex pulsed signal for use with a signal generator. A typical setup includes a PC with installed software and at least one connected
vector signal generator. Setups are fully controlled by the R&S Pulse Sequencer software. The software automatically derives all the required settings from the defined scenario.
This section shows examples with different complexity. We use these example setups
to explain the required settings and configurations. The selected setups are representative examples and show the difference in terms of synchronization and time alignment.
Basic test setup
A simplified example of the basic setup is shown on Figure 3-1. The basic setup consists of a PC with installed R&S Pulse Sequencer software, a vector signal generator
and a DUT (device under test).
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Figure 3-1: Simplified test setup
Depending on the scenario, the generator in this setup can be an R&S SMW, an
R&S SGT or an R&S SMBV.
Configuration of a direction finding scenario with a multichannel receiver
Direction finding receivers are used to identify the origin of a signal. They are equipped
with multiple antennas. Each antenna has an individual position and covers a certain
angular sector according to its antenna pattern. The signal received at each antenna
differs based on the location of the signal. Thus, it is possible to identify the sector in
which the signal source is located.
The figure on Figure 3-2 illustrates a typical test setup to stress a four-channel direction finding receiver (DUT).
Preparing the system for use
Test setups
Figure 3-2: Direction finding setup for four individual RF channels up to 20 GHz
This setup requires four individual RF output signals, where typically each RF signal is
then connected to the input port of the direction finding receiver. The signal generators
in this setup are a two-path R&S SMW and two pairs of R&S SGS and R&S SGU
instruments.
The R&S SMW is a microwave unit equipped (among other options) with R&S SMWK76 and 2x R&S SMW-B120. The R&S SGU instruments are each equipped with the
20 GHz options, too.
The test setup for testing an eight-channel direction finding receiver with individual RF
channels of up to 6 GHz includes an R&S SMW and six R&S SGT instruments. A ninechannel DF receiver can be tested with nine R&S SGT instruments.
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3.2 About synchronization and time alignment
This description provides a brief introduction to the topic. It explains how the terms are
used in the context of the software and list general tips for getting best results.
Time alignment, synchronization, the generation of phase coherent signals and test
system calibrations are topics that are beyond the scope of this description.
You find in-depth information in the Application Note 1GP108 "Generating Multiple
Phase Coherent Signals – Aligned in Phase and Time".
Synchronization
The setup on Figure 3-2 is an example of a synchronized configuration. The term
synchronized setup refers to a setup where the reference frequency of one of the
instruments (usually the primary instrument) is distributed to the other instruments.
Regarding the reference frequency, the instruments are connected in a daisy chain.
The four baseband signals in the setup on Figure 3-2 are generated by the R&S SMW
and automatically aligned in time. The R&S SMW distributes the baseband clock to all
basebands. Additional trigger signal or baseband clocks are not required.
Preparing the system for use
About synchronization and time alignment
Time alignment in primary/secondary configuration (R&S SMBV, R&S SGT and
R&S SMW equipped with R&S SMW-B9 (wideband baseband))
The term primary/secondary setup refers to a setup where instruments share baseband clock and trigger signal. Primary/secondary configuration is supported by
R&S SMW, R&S SMBV and R&S SGT instruments.
The example in Figure 3-3 shows four R&S SGT instruments, each generating one RF
signal. To synchronize all baseband sources, the primary instrument provides its baseband clock and its trigger signal to the secondary instruments. The trigger signal is
modulated on the baseband clock; additional cable connection is not required.
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Figure 3-3: Time alignment of R&S SGT instruments
Preparing the system for use
About synchronization and time alignment
R&S SGT#1 = Primary instrument
R&S SGT#2 to R&S SGT#4 = Secondary instrument
Sync = Baseband synchronization signal
Regarding the baseband clock signals, the instruments are connected in a daisy
chain.
For details, see the user manual of the corresponding base unit.
Time alignment of several R&S SMW instruments equipped with R&S SMW-B10
(standard baseband)
The time alignment between several R&S SMW instruments equipped with R&S SMWB10 follows a different approach. The example in Figure 3-4 shows the time alignment
principle. The trigger signal of the primary instrument is distributed to the secondary
instruments.
Regarding the trigger signal, the instruments are connected in a star network.
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Figure 3-4: Time alignment of R&S SMW instruments
T = T-connector
R&S SMW#1 = Primary instruments (trigger source)
R&S SMW#2, R&S SMW#n = N number of instruments
Preparing the system for use
About synchronization and time alignment
For details, see the user manual of the corresponding base unit.
Tips for best results
Consider the following general rules:
●
Always use the shortest cables possible.
●
Use cables of the same length.
●
Testing of direction finding receivers requires precisely synchronized, time aligned
and phase coherent signals.
●
If a direction finding setup consists of several instruments, all baseband signals
have to use common trigger and baseband clock signals.
See:
– "Time alignment in primary/secondary configuration (R&S SMBV, R&S SGT
and R&S SMW equipped with R&S SMW-B9 (wideband baseband))"
on page 56
– "Time alignment of several R&S SMW instruments equipped with R&S SMW-
B10 (standard baseband)" on page 57
●
In synchronized and primary/secondary test setups, use the same kind of signal
generators.
Do not mix R&S SMBV and R&S SGT in the same synchronization or primary/
secondary chain.
●
Always check the wiring diagram for the required cabling between the individual
instruments.
Ensure that all required cable connections are done.
See "Wiring Diagram" on page 85.
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Preparing the system for use
Configuring the test setup in the R&S
Pulse Sequencer
3.3 Configuring the test setup in the R&S Pulse
Sequencer
Waveforms generated by the R&S Pulse Sequencer can be transferred to and played
by remotely connected signal generators.
The connection between the software and the signal generator is configured with the
following main steps:
●
Create and configure the physical instruments.
●
Assign the calculated signal to a generator.
●
Assign a generator to the scenario.
How to configure the test setup
To configure the test setup, follow the instructions:
1. "How to find connected instruments and configure them in the "Signal Generators"
dialog" on page 59
2. Later in the workflow, you must also assign generators to the scenario and the cal-
culated signals to the generators.
See the instructions in:
a) Chapter 17.5, "How to create and play the waveforms of simple scenarios",
on page 465
b) "To create, load and play the waveforms of a direction finding scenario auto-
matically" on page 469
See also:
● "How to find out the full list of required options for a particular scenario"
on page 62
● "How to exchange test setups" on page 64
Related settings
For concise description of the provided settings, see:
●
Chapter 3.6, "Signal Generators settings", on page 74
How to find connected instruments and configure them in the "Signal Generators" dialog
1. Connect a signal generator to the LAN.
2. Connect the PC that the R&S Pulse Sequencer software is running on to the LAN.
3. In the R&S Pulse Sequencer, select "menu bar > Configure > Signal Generators".
When you start the software for the first time, there is one tab, called "Default
Setup".
The "Default Setup" tab and the "Available Signal Generators" list are empty.
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Preparing the system for use
Configuring the test setup in the R&S
1 = "Hardware Setup"
2 = Current setup named "Default Setup" (one tab per individual setup)
3 = Scan LAN
4 = Instrument model to limit and accelerate the scan process
5 = Add instrument manually
6 = List of instruments in the current setup (empty on start-up)
4. Use the "Default Setup" tab or create a new one.
Select the icon "Hardware Setup" > "Insert After".
To rename the setup, select the icon "Hardware Setup > Rename".
Pulse Sequencer
Tip: Configure each setup individually.
The same physical instrument can theoretically be used in several setups.
In practice, however, a test system is cabled once and instruments are dedicated
to a particular setup.
5. To add an instrument, perform one of the following:
●
Select the scan LAN icon
.
The scan function searches for connected instruments from the specified type.
●
Select the add icon .
Enter the IP address, the computer name, or the complete VISA resource
string of the connected instrument. Confirm with "Ok".
Note: The computer name syntax of R&S SMW instruments depends on the firm-
ware version.
The two possible syntax forms are: rssmw200a<serial_number> and
smw200a-<serial_number>.
The LAN is scanned for connected instruments.
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Preparing the system for use
Configuring the test setup in the R&S
If suitable instruments are found, the dialog lists them, together with information on
their capabilities (see "Generator Configuration" section).
For a description of the provided settings, see Chapter 3.6, "Signal Generators set-
tings", on page 74.
Pulse Sequencer
How to configure the primary/secondary order
Depending on your test setup and your test scenario, set the primary instrument and
decide on synchronization requirements.
Open the "Signal Generators" dialog and proceed as follows:
1. Select the setup.
2. Enable synchronized setup. For example, select "Synchronization > Baseband
Sync Mode = Common Trigger".
3. For each instrument in the list of instruments, select "Sync Role" > "Primary", "SEC
x" or "Unsync".
Per setup, there is exactly one primary instrument. The most recent selection overwrites the previous.
Select "Unsync" for autonomous or unsynchronized instruments.
4. Set individual secondary numbers ("SEC x") according to the order the secondary
instruments are connected.
The indication "SEC x" influences the cabling, the trigger delay calculation and the
system calibration.
R&S Pulse Sequencer does not allow gaps in the numbering.
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Preparing the system for use
Configuring the test setup in the R&S
5. Observe the "Wiring Diagram" for correct cabling.
The wiring diagram shows all required cabling between the individual units.
Pulse Sequencer
Save the wiring diagram in a file on the desktop.
Tip:
In the "Wiring Diagram", right-click and select "Save as png on Desktop".
A printable overview image is created and stored that shows the whole wiring dia-
gram.
6. Connect the instruments as required.
How to find out the full list of required options for a particular scenario
During the initial tests or if the signal generators are not purchased, you can configure
virtual generators without access to physical instruments.
Try out the following:
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure" > "Signal Generators".
The "Signal Generators" dialog opens.
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2. If the "Available Signal Generators" list is empty, select "Add" and select a signal
generator from the list.
The new virtual generator appears in the list.
3. In the "Available Signal Generators" list, select a generator. Selet the generator
configuration icon.
The "Generator Config" dialog opens.
Preparing the system for use
Configuring the test setup in the R&S Pulse Sequencer
4. In the "Generator Config" dialog, go to the "Pulse Sequencer Features".
5. Use the tooltip texts to find out more about each option.
You can also select a checkbox and read the associated notes that appear in the
"Capabilities" section of the dialog.
6. Select "Show Generator Config" to open the "Required Options" dialog. Here, you
can see the list of required R&S Pulse Sequencer related software options.
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7. Retrieve the required baseband and RF options in the same manner.
How to exchange test setups
If a similar test setup already exists, you can import its configuration and then adjust it
as required.
Preparing the system for use
Compensating time delays
1. In the "Signal Generators" dialog, configure the setup.
2. Select the setup configuration you want to share (export).
The setup name is highlighted.
3. In the context menu, select "Export".
Navigate to the directory, enter a filename and select "Save".
4. To load an existing setup, in the "Signal Generators" dialog select "Import" from the
context menu.
5. Navigate to the directory with setup files, select the file and confirm with "Open".
The directory only shows files with the *.ps_hwsetup file extension.
The selected file is loaded. The imported setup is appended in the list of setups.
3.4 Compensating time delays
Several test setups require precise timing between the generated signals. Timing alignment is crucial, for example, in direction finding scenarios and setups such as the one
in Figure 3-2. Even if you connect and configure instruments as described in Configur-
ing the test setup in the R&S Pulse Sequencer, time delay between the signals of the
primary and the secondary instruments can appear.
This section explains in brief how to compensate time delays in the generated signals.
The process is manual. Time delays must be measured and compensated for each test
setup separately.
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Delay compensation principle
In the following, we assume three R&S SGT instruments connected in a synchronized
setup (Figure 3-2). The instruments are configured and controlled by R&S Pulse
Sequencer; the generated signals are fed to an oscilloscope. The oscilloscope runs in
time measurement mode with fine time resolution. The trigger signal is the marker signal generated by R&S Pulse Sequencer and fed from the primary instrument to the
oscilloscope.
Figure 3-5 shows schematically possible results displayed by the oscilloscope.
Preparing the system for use
Compensating time delays
Figure 3-5: Time delays: Observing and measuring with an oscilloscope
P, S1, S2 = Signal traces for the primary and the secondary instruments
Δt1,Δt2= Time delays
Although the setup is synchronized, due to the signal processing within the instruments
and signal propagation time over the cables, the three signals are not time-aligned.
Moreover, also level difference can be measured. The latter is due to path loss and can
be also compensated, see Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
The signal that arrives first is the signal of the primary instrument. It is impossible to
speed up the signal of the secondary instruments. Because of this, we use the signal
with the longest time delay as reference and add fixed delays to the other signals.
Measure the time difference (Δt1 and Δt2) between the instruments. Add these values
in "Signal Generators" > Chapter 3.4, "Compensating time delays", on page 64.
Run the same measurement again and observe the signal timing with the oscilloscope.
The tree signals are aligned in time.
Tips for best results
●
Use synchronized setup.
See Chapter 3.2, "About synchronization and time alignment", on page 56
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●
Create test sequence composed of a repeating simple pulse with zero rise and fall
times followed by a blank.
For example, pulse with pulse width of 100 us, PRI = 200 us and 5 repetitions.
Blank = 10 ms.
See:
– Chapter 6.3, "How to create a new pulse and adjust its settings", on page 177.
– Chapter 7.3, "How to create sequences and use the control elements",
●
Use the first pulse right after the blank for time alignment.
●
Use high clock rate like 200 MHz.
High clock rates result in steeper rising edges and thus helps time alignment.
●
Use isotropic steady antenna (no scan) to eliminate the impact of antenna patterns
and turns.
●
Use emitters with the same power level.
The latter is important for level calibrations, see Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path
loss", on page 66.
Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
on page 198.
3.5 Compensating path loss
The R&S Pulse Sequencer provides a build-in function to collect level calibration data
using a R&S NRP power sensor per setup. Moreover, it saves and manages the collected files and applies the level correction values to the instruments in the setup.
Principle of level adjustment
Figure 3-6 shows an example of a simple test setup we use to explain the path loss
compensation principle. The instrument in this example is an R&S SMW but you can
use any supported instrument.
The R&S NRP power sensor should be connected at the input of the DUT. In this way
the collected calibration data reflects the losses and delays caused by all cables, routers, or any other devices included in the test setup.
Figure 3-6: Path loss compensation (simplified setup)
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1 = R&S NRP power sensor
2 = Symbolic representation of attenuator, combiner, or other component connected between the
USB* = In this example, R&S NRP power sensor is connected to the USB connector of the instrument;
USB/LAN = Physical connection between the R&S Pulse Sequencer and the instrument
RF 1, RF 2 = Two output signals; hence adjustment data is collected for the two signals separately
If level adjustment is enabled and started, R&S Pulse Sequencer detects R&S NRP
power sensors connected to the instrument via USB automatically. Power sensors connected to the LAN can be configured in R&S Pulse Sequencer, too.
Upon level measurement start, the R&S Pulse Sequencer controls the instrument and
sweeps the particular signal over the defined frequency range, so that the frequency
response of the system is measured. Depending on where in the chain the sensor is
connected, measured data includes cables, devices, etc. Once the measurement is
completed, a dedicated plot indicates the frequency response of the signal. The plot is
automatically scaled but you can use the marker function and retrieve exact level correction values at particular frequency.
If current measurement results are inaccurate, you can repeat the measurement. In
fact, measurement can be started as many times as required.
Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
signal output and the DUT input
other connection possibilities exist
Adjustment data storage location
Throughout the software and this description, the calibration data is referred as adjustment data. You have several possibilities to handle the adjustment data. Measured
adjustment data can be accepted or discarded, and once accepted, you can select the
storage location for it.
Storage location can differ depending on, for example, security concerns (access rights
to the adjustment database), network topology (bench-top operation vs. common
setup), user access rights.
For details on the different possibilities and when to use which one of them, see Chap-
ter 3.8.2, "Adjustment database storage location settings", on page 94.
Related settings
For concise description of the provided settings, see:
●
Chapter 3.8, "Adjustment configuration settings", on page 92
●
Chapter 3.9, "Manage adjustment data settings", on page 97
●
Chapter 3.10, "Run level adjustment settings", on page 99
3.5.1 Collecting level adjustment data
How to cable and configure the setup
► Connect the instruments incl. power sensors.
Configure the R&S Pulse Sequencer as described in Chapter 3.3, "Configuring the
test setup in the R&S Pulse Sequencer", on page 59.
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How to identify and measure level differences
1. Generate test signal, for example as described in "Tips for best results"
on page 65.
2. Feed the generated RF signals to an oscilloscope.
3. Feed also the marker signal generated by R&S Pulse Sequencer and output at the
output connectors of the instrument to the trigger input of the oscilloscope.
4. Run the oscilloscope in time measurement mode with fine time resolution.
Observe and measure the levels of the generated signals.
If the signals are not of equal level, for example as shown on Figure 3-5, follow the
procedures in this section.
How to enable the level adjustment function
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure > Settings > General > Adjustments > Use buildin adjustment procedure for path loss compensation > On".
Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
2. Restart the software.
If successful, the new selection "Adjustment" appears in the menu bar.
3. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Configure".
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Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
4. Select "General > Adjustment Database Usage > Enable Level Calibration > On".
5. Open the scenario dialog. Observe the indication.
A symbol indicates that level adjustment is enabled but there is no data collected
or the collected data is incomplete.
How to control R&S NRP connect to R&S SMW via USB
1. Connect the R&S NRP sensor (RF signal) port to the DUT.
2. Connect the R&S NRP USB (control) port to the R&S SMW.
3. In the R&S SMW, ensure that the sensor is mapped to the first power sensor channel:
a) Select "RF > RF Measurements > NRP Sensor Mapping".
R&S SMW detects and displays connected sensors automatically.
b) If the list is empty, select "Scan".
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c) For the used sensor, set "Protocol > Legacy".
d) Set "Mapping = 1".
4. In the R&S Pulse Sequencer, select "Menu bar > Adjustment > Configure > Level
Correction".
Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
5. Select "Power Sensor > Connected to signal generator".
Select the used instrument from the list.
6. Use the option "R&S NRP sensor VISA resource" if the power sensor is connected
to LAN (instead via USB).
How to set level measurements limits
1. In the "Adjustment > Configure > Level Correction" dialog, set the "Target Noise
Ratio" value as required.
2. Set the "Frequency Range" to be measured.
How to start level measurement
1. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Run Level Adjustment".
The dialog indicates the selected instrument (see step 5) and the configured "Fre-
quency Range".
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Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
2. In the list of instruments, select the instrument and signal path for that you collect
level adjustment data.
3. Select "Start".
4. Follow the displayed instructions.
The software detects improper connection status, such as power sensor connected
to a wrong port, and displays a message.
5. Confirm that the power sensor is connected. Reconnect it, if necessary.
The measurement is running. A progress bar indicates the progress status.
Current frequency and correction values are also displayed.
6. Repeat the measurement for the other path.
Successfully completed measurement is indicated by the message "Data collection
completed. Adjustment database laded".
How to accept and apply adjustment data
Once collecting level adjustment data is competed, the "Manage Adjustment Data" dialog opens automatically.
If you have to open it manually, proceed as follows:
1. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Manage".
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Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
<host> = Indicates the computer on that the software runs
<current user> = Current user windows login name
2. If the measurement result complies with your expectation, select "Accept".
3. If the measured data is inaccurate, you can discard it ("Reject"), delete current
measurement or remove all saved adjustment data (empty current storage location).
4. Repeat the steps for all traces.
Accepted adjustment data is saved in the database. The trace is indicated in green
color.
5. If you repeat a measurement for that you have collected and saved adjustment
data, you can choose to:
● Discard ("Reject") the newly measured data and retain the previously collected
values.
● Replace the previous data and apply the new measurement ("Accept"). The
previous file in the storage location is also overwritten.
You recognize that adjustment data is collected and accepted by the status message "No data pending" indicated in the "Manage Adjustment Data" dialog.
Accepted adjustment data is applied automatically to the generated signal.
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How to define where adjustment data is saved
In this example, we select to save data on a particular instrument from the setup.
1. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Configure > Storage Location".
2. Select "Located on Hardware Setup".
Preparing the system for use
Compensating path loss
3. In the menu bar, select "Configure > Signal Generators".
4. Open the "Setup".
5. In the "List of Instruments", select the instrument on which you want to save the
adjustment data.
For this instrument, set "Adj. Data > On".
The storage location for a setup can be on any instrument from this particular
setup, regardless if it works as a primary or secondary instrument.
You can select exactly one instrument per setup at a time.
How to verify path loss compensation
1. Repeat the measurement described in "How to identify and measure level differen-
ces" on page 68.
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2. Compare the signal levels.
If path loss is successfully compensated, the signal levels are equal.
3.6 Signal Generators settings
Access:
► Perform one of the following:
● In the menu bar, select "Configure" > "Signal Generators"
● In the block diagram of a scenario, select "Signal Generation" > "Config" >
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
"Signal Generators".
Figure 3-7: Signal Generators: understanding the displayed information
1 = Individual hardware setups; displayed settings correspond to selected setup (in this example, "Default
Setup")
= Scan: "Scan for GPIB / USB / LAN" interface / limits the scan to the selected instrument type
= "Add" - adds instrument manually; observe the comment
= "Delete" - deletes selected instrument / clears the list of instruments
= "Refresh" - refreshes display
= "Synchronization" of multi-instrument set-ups and phase stability of the generated signals
= "Options" - enables mode for improved pulse on/off ratio, see "Options" on page 79.
2 = "Available Signal Generators" - list of physical and virtual instruments
= Opens the "Wiring Diagram" for the selected setup
= "No" - indicates selected signal generator
= "Type" physical or virtual instrument
= "Instrument" - generator name
= "Remote Connection" - shows status / enables connection of generator
= Opens the "Generator Config" dialog
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= Shows the "Firmware Status" of physical instruments
= "Sync Role" - in synchronized setups, indicates the role of the instrument (primary or secondary)
= Indicates whether "Use Pulse Modulator" is enabled or disabled
= Defines whether "Adjustment Data" is enabled or disabled
= Editable "Comment" field
3 = Summary of selected generator
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.3, "Configuring the test setup in the
R&S Pulse Sequencer", on page 59.
Settings
Hardware setups and individual hardware setups........................................................ 76
Scan GPIB/USB/LAN, Any............................................................................................78
Add................................................................................................................................78
Delete, Delete All.......................................................................................................... 78
Refresh..........................................................................................................................78
Synchronization.............................................................................................................78
Options..........................................................................................................................79
Available Signal Generators..........................................................................................80
Generator Summary......................................................................................................84
Wiring Diagram............................................................................................................. 85
Find Connector Dialog.................................................................................................. 86
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
└ Baseband Sync Mode.....................................................................................78
└ LO Coupling....................................................................................................79
└ Use Pulse Modulator.......................................................................................79
└ Use High Quality mode...................................................................................79
└ No................................................................................................................... 80
└ Type................................................................................................................ 80
└ Instrument.......................................................................................................80
└ Remote Connection........................................................................................81
└ Generator Config............................................................................................ 81
└ Firmware Status..............................................................................................81
└ Sync Role........................................................................................................81
└ Pulse Modulator..............................................................................................82
└ Adj. Data.........................................................................................................83
└ Comment........................................................................................................ 83
└ RF Port............................................................................................................84
└ Type................................................................................................................ 84
└ Frequency Range........................................................................................... 84
└ Alias Name......................................................................................................84
└ Path Delay...................................................................................................... 84
└ Basebands......................................................................................................84
└ Memory...........................................................................................................84
└ Bandwidth.......................................................................................................84
└ Options, SW Options...................................................................................... 84
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Hardware setups and individual hardware setups
Standard functions for adding, renaming or deleting setups.
Note: The information displayed in this dialog depends on the current "Setup".
This applies for the list of instruments and the "Wiring Diagram".
The selected "Setup" influences all further generator-related settings in software. This
applies for the following dialogs:
●
List of generators in the "Assign Emitter/Receiver Signals to Generator"
(see Chapter 17.2, "Assign signal source or receiver signals to generator",
on page 456)
●
Instruments listed in the "Control Panel" dialog
(see Chapter 17.4, "Control panel settings", on page 463)
"Import/Export"
Remote command:
SETup:ADD on page 565
SETup:LIST? on page 618
SETup:COUNt? on page 566
SETup:SELect on page 567
SETup:IMPort on page 624
SETup:EXPort on page 624
SETup:DELete on page 569
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Saves and exports current hardware setup as a file and thus facilitates configurations exchange.
Hardware setup files are files with predefined file extension
*.ps_hwsetup and proprietary file format.
The file contains the complete settings, incl. setup name, instruments,
IP addresses, primary/secondary configuration, required cabling and
options. Imported setups are appended in the list of setups.
See also "How to exchange test setups" on page 64.
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"Import RF Ports Alignment"
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
For R&S SMW instruments, opens a dialog where you set:
●
"Remote Instrument (IP or Hostname)" - IP address (or the hostname) of the instrument from that the RF port alignment setup file
is loaded.
●
and "Setup File" - navigates to folder the setup file is saved in.
Setup files are files with predefined file format, content and the
extension *.rfsa.
For details, see the user manual of the corresponding base unit.
"Import" fetches the defined file and loads it in the R&S Pulse
Sequencer.
New setup with the default name "RfAlingn_Setup" is automatically
created. Several settings in the Signal Generators dialog are also set
automatically and cannot be changed.
●
"Info"
To retrieve more information on the setup, like the level and the
frequency range the calibration was performed, select the "Info"
icon.
Remote command:
SETup:RFALign:INSTrument on page 624
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SETup:RFALign:SETup on page 624
SETup:RFALign:IMPort on page 625
Scan GPIB/USB/LAN, Any
Scans the selected local interface for connected instruments. To limit the scan time,
select the instrument type, e.g. "SMW 200A".
The GPIB scan is limited to the first GPIB card that is installed (GPIB0).
Add
Adds an instrument manually.
"SMW200A (BW 2GHz) Max", "SMW200A (BW 160 MHz) Max", "SMBV100A Max",
"SGT100A Max", "SMBV100B Max"
"Connect"
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Creates an instrument profile of the selected type.
Opens the "Add Instrument" dialog where you can define an instru-
ment by its IP address/computer name or complete VISA resource
string.
If the instrument exists, it is added to the list of instruments.
Note: The computer name syntax of R&S SMW instruments depends
on the firmware version.
The two possible syntax forms are: rssmw200a<serial_number>
and smw200a-<serial_number>.
"Manual
Setup"
Remote command:
INSTrument:ADD on page 619
Delete, Delete All
Standard edit functions to handle the list of instruments.
Remote command:
INSTrument:DELete on page 568
INSTrument:CLEar on page 569
Refresh
Checks whether the listed instruments are connected or not and updates their connection status indication.
Synchronization
Groups the functions related to synchronous signal generation in multi-instrument setups.
Baseband Sync Mode ← Synchronization
Defines whether and which method the signal generator uses to synchronize the signals in the baseband domain.
Relevant in multi-instrument setups where the signals of the different emitters are generated in different paths and different signal generators.
Opens the Generator config dialog dialog.
You can define the instrument manually.
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"Unsynchronized"
"Triggered"
"Common Trigger"
Remote command:
SETup:BBSYnc on page 623
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Baseband signal generation starts upon signal generation start. The
baseband generators are unsynchronized.
The indication in "Sync Role" confirms that the setup is unsynchronized.
The instruments are connected in a primary/secondary chain. The
role of the instruments is set with the parameter Sync Role.
Basebands are triggered by a general-purpose trigger signal. The
time skew between the instruments is greater than in the "Common
Trigger" mode and can change from trigger event to trigger event.
See Figure 3-4.
The instruments are connected in a primary/secondary chain and use
the built-in multi-instrument mode of the signal generators.
If your instrument supports it, we recommend that you enable this
mode. It ensures that trigger uncertainty is eliminated. With this
mode, trigger delays between instruments remain constant. Hence,
you can calibrate the setup, see Chapter 3.4, "Compensating time
delays", on page 64.
For details, see the user manual of the corresponding base unit.
LO Coupling ← Synchronization
Couples the LO signals.
Observe the Wiring Diagram for the required cabling.
For details, see the user manual of the corresponding base unit.
Remote command:
SETup:LOCPl:ENABle on page 623
Options
Group of optional settings that require instruments equipped with specific options.
Use Pulse Modulator ← Options
Option: R&S SMW/SMBV/SGT-K22
The setting is useful, if a signal with an improved pulse on/off ratio is required.
Enables the functionality in general, that is for all instruments in the setup. Set the
marker signal source per instrument with the parameter Pulse Modulator.
Remote command:
SETup:PMOD:ENABle on page 622
Use High Quality mode ← Options
Option: R&S SMW-B9
Sets the I/Q modulator of signal generator to work in a high-quality mode, that is sets
the parameter "I/Q Modulator > Mode > High Quality".
For more information, see the user manual or the embedded help of signal generator.
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Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
High Quality
High Quality
Table
Remote command:
SETup:HIGHq:ENABle on page 622
SETup:HIGHq:MODE on page 621
Available Signal Generators
Displays information on all instruments configured in the current "Setup".
Enables compensation for I/Q skew and frequency response correction.
This mode generates a flat signal over a large bandwidth but requires
longer setting time and can lead to signal interruption.
This mode provides optimization while maintaining settling time.
This mode is useful in the following cases:
●
An R&S SZU is connected to an R&S SMW and the connection is
active.
●
In setups for the generation of phase-coherent signals.
●
In DPD setups.
No ← Available Signal Generators
The first column indicates the currently selected instrument.
Remote command:
INSTrument:SELect on page 567
Type ← Available Signal Generators
The icon indicates whether the list entry is for a physical instrument (icon = signal generator) or a virtual instrument (icon = yellow folder).
Generators that are offline are still available as virtual instruments but the icon does
not change here.
Instrument ← Available Signal Generators
Automatically retrieved instrument information, including instrument name, used
remote control interface, serial number, firmware version and list of installed options.
Instruments that are currently not connected (not online) are displayed in gray.
Remote command:
INSTrument:LIST? on page 619
INSTrument:SELect on page 567
INSTrument:ONLine on page 620
INSTrument:NAME on page 619
INSTrument:PSEC on page 620
INSTrument:COUNt? on page 566
INSTrument:FIRMware? on page 620
*OPT? on page 553
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Remote Connection ← Available Signal Generators
Displays and sets the connection status per instrument.
●
Green indicator: instrument is connected.
●
Red indicator: instrument is not connected.
Select the icon to change the status. Connecting/disconnecting a generator changes
its availability for signal generation.
Physical instruments are available in "Scenario > Signal Generation > Config > Target
> Generator" when they are online.
Virtual instruments are available in "Scenario > Signal Generation > Config > Target >
File".
When you disconnect a generator, it is still available as a virtual instrument.
Remote command:
INSTrument:SELect on page 567
INSTrument:CONNect on page 619
INSTrument:ONLine on page 620
Generator Config ← Available Signal Generators
Opens the "Generator Config" dialog.
See Chapter 3.7, "Generator config dialog", on page 87.
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Firmware Status ← Available Signal Generators
Visual indication of the result of the compatibility checks regarding the installed firmware version and option.
Compared are:
●
Current installed firmware version vs last available firmware version
●
Availability of at least one of the required pulse sequencer options
Consult the tooltip for more information.
Remote command:
INSTrument:SUPPorted? on page 621
Sync Role ← Available Signal Generators
Sets the primary/secondary order in synchronized setups.
Note: The correct primary/secondary order is critical, because several settings are set
automatically. The R&S Pulse Sequencer sends SCPI commands to the primary and
secondary instruments that adjust the reference frequency settings, connector direction, the mapped signals and trigger delays.
See also "How to configure the primary/secondary order" on page 61.
"Primary"
Primary instrument is the signal generator that is the source of reference frequency, the trigger and the baseband clock signals. Select
the generator according to your particular setup.
There is exactly one primary instrument in a setup. The most recent
selection overwrites all previous.
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Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
"SEC x"
"Unsynch"
Remote command:
INSTrument:PSEC on page 620
Pulse Modulator ← Available Signal Generators
Sets the marker signal source, if "Options > Use Pulse Modulator > On".
If "Use Pulse Modulator > On" and "Pulse Modulator" ≠ "Off", the RF output of the sig-
nal generator is switched off during the pulse off time. This improves the pulse on/off
ratio and extends the dynamic range of the signal to around 90 dB.
"Off"
"Internal"
Sets individual secondary numbers ("SEC x") according to the order
the secondary instruments are connected.
The indication "SEC x" influences the cabling and the trigger delay
calculation.
Gaps in the numbering are not allowed.
Indicates an autonomous or an unsynchronized instrument.
The signal of this instrument is generated individually.
Signal delay is not considered and not compensated.
Disables the function for the selected instrument.
Option: R&S SMW/SMBV/SGT-B9
The required marker signal is routed internally and embedded in the
generated waveform.
Additional cabling is not required. Marker 2 (pulse and sequence) is
also not required.
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"External (Marker 2)"
Remote command:
INSTrument:SELect on page 567
INSTrument:PMOD on page 623
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Note:
This mode requires further configurations and dedicated cabling:
●
Observe the Wiring Diagram for the required connection.
Connect the cables are required.
●
This mode uses the dedicated pulse and sequence marker M2 to
mark the pulse width.
– For the used pulses, set the M2 to mark the pulse width.
– In the sequence, set the sequence marker M2 to use all pulse
markers.
●
In the "Waveform Generation" dialog:
– Enable the dedicated marker "Use pulse modulator for
improving on/off ratio"
– Select a high clock rate, for example "Clock Rate = 200
MHz"*).
*)
The processing of the waveforms and the marker signals depends
on the baseband generator in the processing instrument. The following applies, if R&S SMW is used:
●
Option: R&S SMW-B10:
Marker signals are output at the ARB clock rate and are not
resampled. High clock rate results in smaller jitter between the IQ
samples and the marker signals.
A good choice for the parameter is "Waveform Generation >
Clock Rate = 200 MHz".
●
Option: R&S SMW-B9:
Marker signals are resampled, irrespectively of the used clock
rate.
The jitter between the IQ samples and the marker signals is
always 3.3 ns.
Adj. Data ← Available Signal Generators
Available if use of adjustment data is enabled in "Configure" > "Settings" > "General" >
"Adjustments"
Defines the instrument that holds the adjustment data for a particular hardware setup,
if the storage location for the adjustment files is set to "Hardware Setup".
For details, see "How to define where adjustment data is saved" on page 73.
Remote command:
INSTrument:SELect on page 567
INSTrument:ADB:STATe on page 621
Comment ← Available Signal Generators
Additional information.
Double-click the "Comment" field to change the displayed information.
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Generator Summary
A side-to-side overview of the selected generator.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CAPabilities on page 618
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
RF Port ← Generator Summary
Hardware interface name.
Type ← Generator Summary
Indicates whether an external instrument is required.
Frequency Range ← Generator Summary
Supported max. frequency per interface.
Alias Name ← Generator Summary
Per default, interfaces are referred with the names indicated as "RF Port" but you can
enter a meaningful alias name instead.
Path Delay ← Generator Summary
Adds a delay, for example to compensate for path loss.
For details, see Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
Basebands ← Generator Summary
Baseband block name.
Memory ← Generator Summary
Installed or required memory.
Bandwidth ← Generator Summary
Installed or required baseband bandwidth.
Options, SW Options ← Generator Summary
Installed or required options.
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Wiring Diagram
Visualizes the required cabling connections between the signal generators for the current "Setup" and the selected primary/secondary order ("Primary/Secondary")
The diagram shows all signal generators, incl. external RF instruments like connected
R&S SGT, R&S SGS and R&S SGU generators.
Note: Set the primary/secondary order according to your setup. Observe the wiring
diagram.
Ensure that all required cable connections are done.
See also Figure 3-2.
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Figure 3-8: Wiring diagram (detail): understanding the displayed information
1 = Primary signal generator ("Primary/Secondary = Primary")
2a, 2b = External RF instruments, connected to and controlled from the R&S SMW
3a, 3b = I/Q data connection to the external RF instruments (R&S SGS + R&S SGU)
4a = Reference frequency signal of the primary instrument, fed in to the external RF instrument
4b, 4c = Reference frequency, distributed as a daisy chain
5a, 5b = Trigger signal of the primary instrument, fed in to the first secondary instrument
6a = Pulse width marker signal fed as input signal for the pulse modulator
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6b, 6c = Pulse width marker signal, fed in to the secondary instrument
7 = Connector indication; select it to show its position on the instrument
8 = Saves the wiring diagram in a printable file and stores it on the desktop
The diagram is interactive:
●
Mouse over to display additional information and hints, like max. RF, and assigned
signal.
●
Select a connector to show its position on the instrument.
●
Right-click to access the context menu.
Find Connector Dialog
Several dialogs contain icons representing the physical connectors on an instrument.
If you select a connector icon, the "Find Connector" dialog opens and shows you
exactly where the connector is on the instrument.
Figure 3-9 shows a typical example of the "Find connector" dialog. The "External RF"
settings contain several connector icons. In this example, "BBMM2" is highlighted.
Preparing the system for use
Signal Generators settings
Figure 3-9: Example of a back panel in the Find connector dialog
1 = Icons to show I/Q out connectors in the "Find connector" dialog
2 = Icons to show BBMM connectors the "Find connector" dialog
3 = "Find Connector" dialog showing external connectors
4 = "BBMM1" connector
5 = "I/Q out 1" connectors
6 = "BBMM2" connector (highlighted)
7 = "I/Q out 2" connectors
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This dialog also has a right-click context menu.
Use this menu to access images of other devices and find specific connectors.
Each device listed in the context menu has a submenu of the connectors available on
that device.
Preparing the system for use
Generator config dialog
3.7 Generator config dialog
Access:
1. In the menu bar, select "Configure" > "Signal Generators"
2. In the "Generator Config" column, select the tool icon of an instrument.
You can edit the parameters in the "Generator Config" for virtual instruments. The
parameters for physical generators that are online are displayed grayed out. Disconnect the generator to make changes. See "Remote Connection" on page 81.
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Preparing the system for use
Generator config dialog
Figure 3-10: Generators and required options: understanding the displayed information
1 = Generator type
2 = Displays a list of the required options for the selections in the dialog
3 = Settings for the two generator paths (A and B)
4 = Options required to play signals generated with the R&S Pulse Sequencer, per signal path
5 = Options for pulse-on-pulse simulation and interleaving of multiple signals into a single output file, per sig-
nal path
6 = Notes describing the capabilities of selected options.
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.3, "Configuring the test setup in the
R&S Pulse Sequencer", on page 59.
Settings:
Name.............................................................................................................................88
Comment.......................................................................................................................89
Model............................................................................................................................ 89
Info................................................................................................................................ 89
Path...............................................................................................................................89
Pulse Sequencer Features............................................................................................91
Multiple Emitters............................................................................................................91
Capabilities....................................................................................................................92
Name
Enter the name of the generator.
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Remote command:
GENerator:NAME on page 563
GENerator:CREate on page 562
GENerator:CATalog? on page 561
GENerator:SELect on page 562
GENerator:REMove on page 564
Comment
Enter a short description.
Remote command:
GENerator:COMMent on page 563
Model
Selects the type of the signal generator from the list of supported instruments.
The hardware characteristics of the selected generator influence the way the created
waveform file is processed. The available ARB bandwidth, for example, limits the
waveform length.
Remote command:
GENerator:TYPE on page 618
Preparing the system for use
Generator config dialog
Info
Displays an overview of the required options.
Remote command:
GENerator:CAPabilities on page 618
Path
Groups the features for each RF path.
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"RF A " or "RF B" output connector
"RF A " or "RF B" maximum frequency
"Pulse Modulator"
"Baseband"
"Bandwidth"
"> 500 MHz"
"Memory"
"Output Format"
"External RF (Connected Devices)"
Preparing the system for use
Generator config dialog
Select the connector icon to access the "Find Connector" dialog. The
physical location of the current connector on the front/rear panel of
the instrument is shown.
Sets the maximum frequency for the path.
When selected, the RF output of the signal generator is switched off
during the pulse off time. This improves the pulse on/off ratio and
extends the dynamic range of the signal.
Not available for "RF B" unless enabled for "RF A".
Toggles the baseband for "RF B".
Note: When you select baseband for "RF B", the "Pulse Sequencer"
settings appear to enable you to select the required options for "RF
B".
Sets the baseband bandwidth.
If selected, indicates that this generator is a wideband instrument.
Not available for "RF B" unless enabled for "RF A".
Sets the ARB memory.
Switches between waveform file format and the format for the extended sequencer.
To find a particular connector, select the connector option (see "Find
Connector Dialog" on page 86).
Select the type of connected external device.
These settings are not available for wideband baseband generators
("> 500 MHz" > "On").
1 = Icons show I/Q out connectors in the "Find connector" dialog
2 = Icons show BBMM connectors the "Find connector" dialog
3 = Drop-down lists for selecting the devices connected to "I/Q out 1" and "I/Q out 2"
4 = Drop-down lists for selecting the devices connected to "BBMM1" and "BBMM2"
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Remote command:
GENerator:CAPabilities on page 618
INSTrument:CAPabilities on page 618
Pulse Sequencer Features
Selects the options for both baseband paths.
The "Basic" option for baseband A is selected by default.
Use the tooltip text to obtain a short description of each option (as shown for "Maps" in
Figure 3-11).
Preparing the system for use
Generator config dialog
Figure 3-11: Example with selected options and tooltip text
Note:
You cannot select an option in baseband B unless it is already selected for baseband A.
You cannot deselect an option in baseband A unless it is already deselected for baseband B.
Remote command:
GENerator:CAPabilities on page 618
Multiple Emitters
Settings for multiple emitters and the use of interleaving or pulse-on-pulse simulation.
Use the tooltip text to obtain a short description of each option.
Note: You cannot select an option in baseband B unless it is already selected for base-
band A.
You cannot deselect an option in baseband A unless it is already deselected for baseband B.
Available options depend on the selected signal generator model.
"Emitter Interleaving"
Enables the calculation of multi-emitter scenarios that contain several
emitters. Activates a priority-based interleaving algorithm so that multiple signals can be merged into a single output file by dropping pulses which overlap in time.
"Emitter Interleaving Ext"
Increases the number of interleaved emitters to 512 per baseband.
"Pulse on Pulse"
Allows additional permanent emitters for pulse-on-pule simulation.
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Remote command:
INSTrument:CAPabilities on page 618
Capabilities
Lists the features of the selected options.
As options are selected via the checkboxes, the associated notes appear in the "Capa-
bilities" list.
3.8 Adjustment configuration settings
Access:
► Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.5.1, "Collecting level adjustment data",
on page 67.
See also Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
Preparing the system for use
Adjustment configuration settings
Settings:
● General settings......................................................................................................92
● Adjustment database storage location settings.......................................................94
● Level correction settings......................................................................................... 95
3.8.1 General settings
Access:
1. Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
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2. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Configure".
Preparing the system for use
Adjustment configuration settings
The "General" tab comprises global configuration settings.
Settings:
Adjustment Database Usage........................................................................................ 93
Validity Period................................................................................................................93
Adjustment Database Usage
Defines whether collected data is used to compensate path loss and how the software
handles invalid adjustment data.
Adjustment data is invalid if its creation date exceeds the expiration period, set with the
parameter Validity Period.
Validity Period
Sets how long collected data is regarded as valid ("Adjustment never expires" or "Number of validity days").
You can enable a notification service that warms you a defined number of days before
the validity period expires.
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3.8.2 Adjustment database storage location settings
Access:
1. Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
2. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Configure > Storage Location".
With the provided settings, you define where the collected adjustment data is held.
Preparing the system for use
Adjustment configuration settings
Settings:
User Home Path............................................................................................................94
Shared Documents....................................................................................................... 95
Network Path.................................................................................................................95
Located on Hardware Setup......................................................................................... 95
User Home Path
Saves the database in a private directory (%HomePath%). Adjustment data is available for a particular user only.
See also Table 23-2.
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Shared Documents
Saves the database in a local shared directory on a PC. Adjustment data is available
to users with access rights to this particular PC.
See also Table 23-2.
Network Path
Saves the database in a network share. Adjustment data is shared among users with
access rights to the network.
To specify the location, enter the file "Path" or select the "More" icon and navigate to
the network location.
See also Table 23-2.
Located on Hardware Setup
Saves the database on a particular instrument within the hardware setup the adjustment data applies for. To define the instrument for a setup, set "Signal Generators" >
Adj. Data > "On".
See also "How to define where adjustment data is saved" on page 73.
Preparing the system for use
Adjustment configuration settings
3.8.3 Level correction settings
Access:
1. Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
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2. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Configure > Level Correction".
Preparing the system for use
Adjustment configuration settings
With the provided settings, you define how the adjustment data is collected.
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.5.1, "Collecting level adjustment data",
on page 67.
See also Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
Settings:
Power Sensor................................................................................................................96
Target Noise Ratio.........................................................................................................97
Frequency Range..........................................................................................................97
Power Sensor
Defines which power sensor is used and how the R&S Pulse Sequencer detects it.
"Connected to signal generator"
Use this option if the power sensor is connected via USB to the signal
generator.
Listed are all detected signal generators.
To disable this option, select "Not Assigned".
"R&S NRP sensor VISA string"
Use this option if the power sensor is connected via LAN.
As for any other instrument, R&S Pulse Sequencer requires the VISA
resource string to establish the remote connection to power sensor.
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Preparing the system for use
Manage adjustment data settings
"Test"
Target Noise Ratio
Sets the fixed noise filter of the power sensor.
For more information, see the corresponding R&S NRP user manual.
Frequency Range
Sets the frequency range for that the level measurement is performed.
Select "Minimum" and "Maximum" frequency values that are within the frequency
range of the instrument. Depending on your application, you can select a portion of the
supported frequency range.
Set the "Increment" value to adjust the measurement's resolution. Smaller steps
increase the resolution but also the measurement time.
Starts short connection test procedure in that the software uses the
VISA resource string, opens a remote connection, sends the *IDN?
query to the power sensor and proves for the response.
3.9 Manage adjustment data settings
Access:
1. Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
2. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Manage".
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Preparing the system for use
Manage adjustment data settings
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.5.1, "Collecting level adjustment data",
on page 67.
See also Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
Settings:
Use this dialog for......................................................................................................... 98
Generator, Path.............................................................................................................98
Accept, Reject...............................................................................................................98
Clear..............................................................................................................................99
Remove.........................................................................................................................99
Use this dialog for
Indicates the parameter the corrections are applied for.
Generator, Path
Selects the instrument (and for instruments equipped with more than one path also the
path) for that the adjustment data is displayed.
The instrument is indicated the assigned generator name and its "Primary/Secondary"
assignment (see Available Signal Generators).
Accept, Reject
Applies or discards the displayed adjustment data.
Trace color indicates the following:
●
Red: unaccepted adjustment data
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●
Green: accepted adjustment data
If measurement is repeated, the display shows both traces. In this case:
●
"Accept" applies the new adjustment data; current data is overwritten
●
"Rejects" retains current data; new adjustment data is lost.
Remote command:
See also ADJustment:RELoad on page 616.
Clear
Deletes current adjustment data from the storage location.
Remove
Empties (deletes all) the current storage location.
3.10 Run level adjustment settings
Preparing the system for use
Run level adjustment settings
Access:
1. Enable level adjustments.
See "How to enable the level adjustment function" on page 68.
2. In the menu bar, select "Adjustment > Run Level Adjustment".
3. From the list of instruments, select the instruments and path and set "Start".
The dialog indicates current measurement status like used frequency, process progress, or progress messages.
For step-by-step instructions, see Chapter 3.5.1, "Collecting level adjustment data",
on page 67.
See also Chapter 3.5, "Compensating path loss", on page 66.
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Settings:
Refresh........................................................................................................................100
Manage....................................................................................................................... 100
Starts...........................................................................................................................100
Cancel.........................................................................................................................100
Refresh
Updates the dialog.
Manage
Opens the Manage Adjustment Data dialog.
Starts
Triggers the measurement.
Cancel
Aborts current measurement.
Preparing the system for use
Finding required connectors on instruments
3.11 Finding required connectors on instruments
In particular in a setup with several instruments, it is useful if you can get a better overview on the location of connectors on particular instrument.
To display connector and their location on instruments
1. In the menu bar, select "Help > Find Connector > Show Instrument".
2. Right click on the instrument image and select the instrument type you want to dis-
play the connector location for.
3. Select a particular connector.
A blinking square indicates the location of the connector on the front or rear panel
of the instrument.
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