R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
5G New Radio, 5G NR Release 16
User Manual
(;ÜäÉ2)
1178865902
Version 08
This document describes the following software options:
●
R&S®SMBVB-K144
1423.8608.02
●
R&S®SMBVB-K148
1423.8843.02
This manual describes firmware version FW 4.90.049.xx and later of the R&S®SMBV100B.
© 2021 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1178.8659.02 | Version 08 | R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g. R&S®SMBV100B is indicated as
R&S SMBVB. Linux® is abbreviated as Linux.
R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
Contents
1 Preface.................................................................................................... 9
1.1 About this Manual......................................................................................................... 9
1.2 Documentation Overview............................................................................................. 9
1.2.1 Getting Started Manual................................................................................................. 10
1.2.2 User Manuals and Help.................................................................................................10
1.2.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................. 10
1.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures....................................................................................10
1.2.5 Printed Safety Instructions............................................................................................ 10
1.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures.......................................................................................... 11
1.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).......................................... 11
1.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc..............................................11
Contents
2 Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option...............................................12
2.1 Accessing the 5G New Radio Dialog.........................................................................13
2.2 Documentation Overview........................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Getting Started Manual................................................................................................. 13
2.2.2 User Manuals and Help.................................................................................................13
2.2.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................. 14
2.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures....................................................................................14
2.2.5 Printed Safety Instructions............................................................................................ 14
2.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures.......................................................................................... 14
2.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).......................................... 14
2.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc..............................................15
2.3 Scope........................................................................................................................... 15
2.4 Notes on Screenshots................................................................................................ 15
3 About the 5G New Radio Option.........................................................16
3.1 Required Options........................................................................................................ 16
3.2 5G NR Numerology..................................................................................................... 17
3.3 Multiple Accesses Schemes...................................................................................... 17
3.4 Frame Structure, Slots and Slot Formats................................................................. 18
3.5 Resource Blocks and Resource Grid........................................................................18
3.6 Transmission Bandwidths TxBWs............................................................................ 19
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3.7 Synchronization Signals and SS/PBCH Block......................................................... 21
3.8 Carrier Bandwidth Part (BWP)................................................................................... 23
3.9 Carrier Aggregation.................................................................................................... 24
3.10 Antenna Port Mapping................................................................................................25
3.11 5G NR Channels and Signals Overview....................................................................26
3.12 Conflict Handling........................................................................................................ 27
4 Find Out the Implemented 3GPP Specification.................................29
5 5G New Radio Quick Settings.............................................................30
5.1 General Settings..........................................................................................................30
5.2 Frame Format.............................................................................................................. 34
6 5G New Radio Configuration and Settings........................................37
6.1 General Settings..........................................................................................................37
Contents
6.2 Node Settings.............................................................................................................. 43
6.2.1 Scheduling.................................................................................................................... 43
6.2.2 Carriers Settings........................................................................................................... 45
6.2.3 System Information Settings......................................................................................... 50
6.2.4 Transmission Bandwidth (TxBW) Settings....................................................................54
6.2.5 LTE-CRS Coexistence Settings.................................................................................... 57
6.2.6 SS/PBCH Settings........................................................................................................ 59
6.2.7 PRS settings................................................................................................................. 67
6.2.8 Dummy REs Settings.................................................................................................... 73
6.2.9 OCNG Settings............................................................................................................. 75
6.2.10 PBCH Settings.............................................................................................................. 76
6.3 Users/BWPs Settings..................................................................................................81
6.3.1 General Settings........................................................................................................... 82
6.3.2 Properties Settings........................................................................................................83
6.3.3 DL/UL BWPs Settings................................................................................................... 87
6.3.4 DL BWP Configuration Settings.................................................................................... 92
6.3.4.1 User, Carrier, BWP Settings..........................................................................................93
6.3.4.2 PDSCH Settings............................................................................................................93
6.3.4.3 RMC Settings.............................................................................................................. 107
6.3.4.4 PDCCH Settings......................................................................................................... 109
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6.3.4.5 Control Settings...........................................................................................................110
6.3.4.6 ZP CSI-RS Settings.....................................................................................................114
6.3.4.7 NZP CSI-RS Settings.................................................................................................. 117
6.3.4.8 Rate Match Settings....................................................................................................123
6.3.5 UL BWP Configuration Settings.................................................................................. 125
6.3.5.1 User, Carrier, BWP Settings........................................................................................126
6.3.5.2 PUCCH Settings......................................................................................................... 127
6.3.5.3 FRC Settings...............................................................................................................130
6.3.5.4 PUSCH Settings..........................................................................................................133
6.3.5.5 PUSCH UCI Settings.................................................................................................. 148
6.3.5.6 SRS Settings...............................................................................................................150
6.4 Scheduling Settings..................................................................................................158
6.5 PDSCH/PUSCH Settings...........................................................................................170
Contents
6.5.1 General Settings......................................................................................................... 171
6.5.2 TxScheme Settings..................................................................................................... 175
6.5.3 DMRS Settings............................................................................................................177
6.5.4 Channel Coding Settings............................................................................................ 180
6.5.5 UCI Settings................................................................................................................ 182
6.5.6 PTRS Settings.............................................................................................................184
6.5.7 PTRS Settings with Enabled Transform Precoding.....................................................186
6.5.8 Antenna Ports............................................................................................................. 188
6.5.9 Info.............................................................................................................................. 189
6.6 CORESET Settings....................................................................................................190
6.6.1 General Settings......................................................................................................... 191
6.6.2 Payload Settings......................................................................................................... 195
6.6.3 Info.............................................................................................................................. 226
6.7 PUCCH Settings........................................................................................................ 226
6.7.1 General Settings......................................................................................................... 227
6.7.2 Payload Settings......................................................................................................... 230
6.7.3 Info.............................................................................................................................. 231
6.8 PRACH Settings........................................................................................................ 232
7 Signal Control and Signal Characteristics...................................... 235
7.1 Trigger Settings.........................................................................................................235
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7.2 Marker Settings......................................................................................................... 240
7.3 TDD UL/DL Marker Mode.......................................................................................... 243
7.4 Clock Settings........................................................................................................... 245
7.5 Global Connectors Settings.....................................................................................246
7.6 Output Settings......................................................................................................... 246
7.7 Time Domain Windowing Settings.......................................................................... 251
7.8 Adjusting the Signal Power......................................................................................252
7.8.1 Power Settings............................................................................................................ 253
7.9 Crest Factor Reduction Settings............................................................................. 258
8 Observing Current Allocations on the Time Plan........................... 260
9 Performing BS Tests According to TS 38.141 Specifications........263
9.1 Introduction to BS Conformance Testing............................................................... 263
Contents
9.2 Required Options...................................................................................................... 264
9.3 Supported Test Cases...............................................................................................264
9.3.1 Generic Structure of the Description of the Implemented Test Cases........................ 265
9.4 Exemplary Test Setups............................................................................................. 266
9.4.1 Exemplary Test Setups for Conducted Tests (TS 38.141-1)....................................... 266
9.4.1.1 Exemplary Test Setup - One Path...............................................................................266
9.4.2 Exemplary Test Setups for Radiated (OTA) Tests (TS 38.141-2)................................266
9.4.2.1 Exemplary Test Setup - One Path...............................................................................266
9.5 General Considerations............................................................................................267
9.5.1 General Considerations for Radiated (OTA) Tests......................................................268
9.6 User Interface............................................................................................................ 270
9.6.1 General Settings......................................................................................................... 271
9.6.2 Test Case Settings...................................................................................................... 272
9.6.3 OTA Declaration..........................................................................................................273
9.6.4 Instrument Settings..................................................................................................... 275
9.6.5 Wanted Signal Settings...............................................................................................276
9.6.6 Frequency Allocation Settings.....................................................................................281
9.6.7 Interfering Signal Settings........................................................................................... 282
9.6.8 AWGN Settings........................................................................................................... 284
9.7 Conducted Transmitter Characteristics (TS 38.141-1, Chapter 6)........................285
9.7.1 Prior Considerations....................................................................................................285
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9.7.2 General Workflow for Carrying Out a Transmitter Test............................................... 286
9.7.3 Test Case 6.7: Transmitter Intermodulation................................................................ 287
9.8 Conducted Receiver Characteristics (TS 38.141-1, Chapter 7).............................288
9.8.1 Prior Considerations....................................................................................................289
9.8.2 General Workflow for Carrying Out a Receiver Test................................................... 290
9.8.3 Test Case 7.2: Reference Sensitivity Level.................................................................291
9.8.4 Test Case 7.3: Dynamic Range...................................................................................293
9.9 Radiated Transmitter Characteristics (TS 38.141-2, Chapter 6)............................295
9.9.1 Prior Considerations....................................................................................................296
9.9.2 General Workflow for Carrying Out a Radiated Transmitter Test................................296
9.9.3 Test Case 6.8: OTA Transmitter Intermodulation........................................................ 297
9.10 Radiated Receiver Characteristics (TS 38.141-2, Chapter 7)................................ 298
9.10.1 Prior Considerations....................................................................................................299
Contents
9.10.2 General Workflow for Carrying Out a Receiver Test................................................... 302
9.10.3 Test Case 7.2: OTA Sensitivity....................................................................................303
9.10.4 Test Case 7.3: OTA Reference Sensitivity Level.........................................................305
9.10.5 Test Case 7.4: OTA Dynamic Range...........................................................................307
9.10.6 Test Case 7.6: OTA Out-of-Band Blocking..................................................................308
10 Generating User Plane Data..............................................................310
10.1 Required Options...................................................................................................... 310
10.2 File Format and Folder Structure............................................................................ 310
11 Remote-Control Commands............................................................. 312
11.1 Programming Examples...........................................................................................313
11.2 General Commands.................................................................................................. 338
11.3 Quick Settings Command........................................................................................ 344
11.4 Carrier Commands....................................................................................................351
11.5 System Information Commands..............................................................................356
11.6 TxBW Commands..................................................................................................... 359
11.7 LTE-CRS Coexistence Commands.......................................................................... 362
11.8 SS/PBCH Commands................................................................................................364
11.9 PRS Commands........................................................................................................ 375
11.10 Dummy Resource Elements Commands................................................................381
11.11 OCGN Commands.....................................................................................................384
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11.12 User Commands........................................................................................................386
11.13 DL/UL BWP Commands............................................................................................393
11.14 BWP Configuration Commands...............................................................................399
11.14.1 PDSCH Commands.................................................................................................... 400
11.14.2 RMC Commands.........................................................................................................414
11.14.3 PUCCH Commands.................................................................................................... 416
11.14.4 Uplink Commands.......................................................................................................418
11.14.5 ZP and NZP CSI-RS Commands................................................................................420
11.14.6 Rate Match Commands.............................................................................................. 427
11.14.7 PUCCH Commands.................................................................................................... 431
11.14.8 FRC Commands......................................................................................................... 432
11.14.9 PUSCH Commands.................................................................................................... 436
11.14.10 PUSCH UCI Commands............................................................................................. 451
Contents
11.14.11 SRS Commands......................................................................................................... 453
11.14.12 PTRS Commands....................................................................................................... 464
11.15 Scheduling Commands............................................................................................ 468
11.16 PDSCH/PUSCH Commands..................................................................................... 478
11.17 CORESET Commands.............................................................................................. 499
11.18 PUCCH Commands...................................................................................................543
11.19 PRACH Commands...................................................................................................547
11.20 Output Commands....................................................................................................550
11.21 Trigger Commands................................................................................................... 559
11.22 Marker Commands....................................................................................................563
11.23 Clock Commands......................................................................................................569
11.24 Test Case Wizard Remote-Control Commands......................................................569
Glossary: Abbreviations....................................................................588
Glossary: 5G NR 3GPP Specification References.......................... 590
List of commands.............................................................................. 591
Index....................................................................................................618
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1 Preface
1.1 About this Manual
This user manual provides all the information specific to the 5G New Radio option.
All general instrument functions and settings common to all applications and operating
modes are described in the main R&S SMBV100B user manual.
The main focus in this manual is on the provided settings and the tasks required to
generate a signal. The following topics are included:
●
Welcome to the 5G New Radio option
Introduction to and getting familiar with the option
●
About the 5G New Radio option
Background information on basic terms and principles in the context of the signal
generation
●
5G New Radio Configuration and Settings
A concise description of all functions and settings available to configure signal generation with their corresponding remote control command
●
Remote Control Commands
Remote commands required to configure and perform signal generation in a
remote environment, sorted by tasks
(Commands required to set up the instrument or to perform common tasks on the
instrument are provided in the main R&S SMBV100B user manual)
Programming examples demonstrate the use of many commands and can usually
be executed directly for test purposes
●
List of remote commands
Alphabetical list of all remote commands described in the manual
●
Index
●
Abbreviations
●
List of documents and reference information
Preface
Documentation Overview
1.2 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S SMBV100B user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S SMBV100B product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/smbv100b
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1.2.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S SMBV100B and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc. A printed version is delivered with the instrument.
1.2.2 User Manuals and Help
Separate manuals for the base unit and the software options are provided for download:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●
Software option manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of an option. Basic information on
operating the R&S SMBV100B is not included.
Preface
Documentation Overview
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S SMBV100B. The
help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit
and the software options.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
1.2.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking compliance with rated specifications, firmware update, troubleshooting, adjustments, installing options and maintenance.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com
1.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S SMBV100B in secure areas. It
is available for download on the Internet.
1.2.5 Printed Safety Instructions
Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is delivered with
the product.
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1.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S SMBV100B. It also
lists the options and their order numbers and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/smbv100b
1.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/smbv100b
Preface
Documentation Overview
1.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/smbv100b
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R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
2 Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option
The R&S SMBVB-K144/-K148 are firmware applications that add functionality to generate signals in accordance with the 3GPP standard 5G New Radio.
Preamble
All supported features are in line with the official 3GPP specifications as follows:
●
R&S SMBVB-K144: in line with Release 15, Specification Versions 16.4.0
●
R&S SMBVB-K148: in line with Release 16, Specification Versions 16.4.0
The R&S SMBVB-K144 key features
The R&S SMBV100B simulates signals at the physical channel level. The following list
gives an overview of the functions provided for generating an 5G New Radio signal:
●
Supports uplink and downlink
●
Intuitive user interface with graphical display of time plan
●
PSS/SSS, PBCH (incl. MIB), PDCCH (i.e. CORESET), PDSCH, CSI-RS, PDSCH
PTRS, PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS, PRACH supported
PBCH, PDSCH, PDCCH and PUSCH incl. DMRS
●
Support of downlink and uplink DCI content inside CORESET;
Supported are DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, 1_0, 1_1, 2_0, 2_1, 2_2, 2_3 and custom
●
Automatic PDSCH scheduling from DCI
●
PDSCH time domain scheduling
●
Support of two codewords for PDSCH
●
Support of SRS codebook
●
PUSCH/PUCCH spatial multiplexing
●
Configurable multilayer transmissions for PDSCH and PUSCH, incl. USCH channel
coding and antenna ports
●
Support of FRCs and TMs
●
All modulation schemes supported
●
Carrier aggregation, including cross-carrier scheduling
●
Test case wizard for 3GPP 38.141 test cases
Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option
The R&S SMBVB-K148 key features
The following list gives an overview of the functions provided for generating an 5G New
Radio signal:
●
PRS (positioning reference signals)
●
Support of the DCI types and their corresponding RNTI types included in the
release 16
●
MIB system frame number (SFN) increments independently from the configured
ARB sequence length
●
Support of up-to 50 users
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R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
This user manual contains a description of the functionality that the application provides, including remote control operation.
All functions not discussed in this manual are the same as in the base unit and are
described in the R&S SMBV100B user manual. The latest version is available at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/SMBV100B
Installation
You can find detailed installation instructions in the delivery of the option or in the
R&S SMBV100B service manual.
2.1 Accessing the 5G New Radio Dialog
To open the dialog with 5G New Radio settings
► In the block diagram of the R&S SMBV100B, select "Baseband > 5G NR".
Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option
Documentation Overview
A dialog box opens that displays the provided general settings.
The signal generation is not started immediately. To start signal generation with the
default settings, select "State > On".
2.2 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S SMBV100B user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S SMBV100B product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/smbv100b
2.2.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S SMBV100B and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc. A printed version is delivered with the instrument.
2.2.2 User Manuals and Help
Separate manuals for the base unit and the software options are provided for download:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control com-
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R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
mands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●
Software option manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of an option. Basic information on
operating the R&S SMBV100B is not included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S SMBV100B. The
help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit
and the software options.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
2.2.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking compliance with rated specifications, firmware update, troubleshooting, adjustments, installing options and maintenance.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option
Documentation Overview
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com
2.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S SMBV100B in secure areas. It
is available for download on the Internet.
2.2.5 Printed Safety Instructions
Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is delivered with
the product.
2.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S SMBV100B. It also
lists the options and their order numbers and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/smbv100b
2.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
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R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
The open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/smbv100b
2.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/smbv100b
2.3 Scope
Tasks (in manual or remote operation) that are also performed in the base unit in the
same way are not described here.
In particular, it includes:
●
Managing settings and data lists, like saving and loading settings, creating and
accessing data lists, or accessing files in a particular directory.
●
Information on regular trigger, marker and clock signals and filter settings, if appropriate.
●
General instrument configuration, such as checking the system configuration, configuring networks and remote operation
●
Using the common status registers
Welcome to the 5G New Radio Option
Notes on Screenshots
For a description of such tasks, see the R&S SMBV100B user manual.
2.4 Notes on Screenshots
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as many as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your particular product configuration.
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3 About the 5G New Radio Option
The implementation of the option 5G New Radio R&S SMBVB-K144 is based on the
3GPP Rel. 15 specification group TS 38.xxx. According to these specifications, the
3GPP defines a great flexibility of the signal on the air interface.
This section is a brief summary of the main air interface parameters, see Table 3-1.
Table 3-1: Main air interface parameters
Parameter Frequency range FR1* Frequency range FR2*
About the 5G New Radio Option
Required Options
Frequency bands** 3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz
4.4 GHz to 6 GHz
Carrier aggregation ≤ 16 carriers
Initially 1
Channel bandwidth 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50,
60, 70, 80, 90 MHz and 100
MHz
Subcarrier spacing (SCS) 15 kHz, 30 kHz and 60 kHz 60 kHz and 120 kHz
Modulation schemes Up to 256QAM Up to 256QAM
●
MIMO schemes
Multiple access schemes
*)
Throughout this description, the designations are used interchangeably.
**)
Frequency bands as defined by the 3GPP Rel. 15 specification group TS 38.104.
DL: 2x2 and 4x4 MIMO
(≤ 8 layers)
●
UL: SISO and 2x2 MIMO
(≤ 4 layers)
●
DL: CP-ODFMA
●
UL: CP-OFDMA and
optionally DFT-s-OFDM
24 GHz to 29 GHz
27 GHz to 43.5 GHz
≤ 16 carriers
50, 100, 200 MHz and 400 MHz
≤ 2 layers:
●
DL: 2x2 MIMO
●
UL: SISO and 2x2 MIMO
●
DL: CP-ODFMA
●
UL: CP-OFDMA and optionally DFTs-OFDM
You can however select also any other frequency within the frequency range your
R&S SMBV100B supports (see Chapter 3.1, "Required Options", on page 16).
3.1 Required Options
The basic equipment layout for generating 5G New Radio signals includes the options:
●
Base unit
●
Baseband real-time extension (R&S SMBVB-B520)
●
Option 5G New Radio (R&S SMBVB-K144)
●
Optional, option 5G NR Release 16 (R&S SMBVB-K148)
You can generate signals via play-back of waveform files at the signal generator. To
create the waveform file using R&S WinIQSIM2, you do not need a specific option.
16User Manual 1178.8659.02 ─ 08
R&S®SMBVB-K144/-K148
To play back the waveform file at the signal generator, you have two options:
●
Install the R&S WinIQSIM2 option of the digital standard, e.g. R&S SMBVB-K255
for playing LTE waveforms
●
If supported, install the real-time option of the digital standard, e.g. R&S SMBVBK55 for playing LTE waveforms
For more information, see data sheet.
3.2 5G NR Numerology
5G NR signals can be transmitted in several frequency ranges. For each of the frequency range, the 3GPP specifies the allowed subcarrier spacing (SCS) and the supported cyclic prefix (CP), see Table 3-2.
However, not all combinations of frequency range, SCS and CP are allowed. Moreover,
the 3GPP specification defines the allowed combinations indirectly, as the so called
numerology. A numerology is thus the combination of the SCS and the CP, where the
SCS is defined as follows:
About the 5G New Radio Option
Multiple Accesses Schemes
Δf = 15 kHz * 2μ, with μ = 0 to 4.
Table 3-2: Supported combinations of SCS and CP per frequency range
μ
0 15 50 14 10 1 66.67 x - x x x -
1 30 100 14 20 2 33.33 x - x x x -
2 60 100 (FR1)
3 120 400 14 80 8 8.33 x - x x - x
4 240 - 14 160 16 4.17 x - - x - x
SCS,
kHz
(Δf)
Max.
channel
bandwidth,
MHz
200 (FR2)
slot
N
symbol
14 (NCP)
12 (ECP)
framesNsub-
N
slot
40 4 16.67 x x x - x x
frame
slot
Symbol
duration
μs
Normal
cyclic
prefix
(NCP)
Extended
cyclic
prefix
(ECP)
Supported
for
data
Supported
for
synchronization
FR1 FR2
3.3 Multiple Accesses Schemes
5G NR supports two channel access methods for uplink signals, CP-OFDM and DFT-sOFDM (see Table 3-1). Depending on the use case, one or the other has advantages
over the other. For DFT-s-OFDM, an additional signal processing stage, transform precoding, is applied. Transform precoding is the term for the digital Fourier transformation
(DFT) used in the 5G NR standard.
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Figure 3-1: Signal processing depending on multiple access schemes
In this implementation, you can define per PUSCh which of the two access schemes is
used.
3.4 Frame Structure, Slots and Slot Formats
Frame structure
As it is in LTE, the 5G NR frame is 10 ms long; a half-frame lasts 5 ms. Frames consist
of 10 subframes, each of them with a length of 1 ms.
About the 5G New Radio Option
Resource Blocks and Resource Grid
Subframes contain a variable number of slots, depending on the subcarrier spacing
(SCS). Moreover, subframes can use different SCS in different bandwidth parts (BWP),
see Figure 3-4.
Because the frame (subframe) lengths are constant but the number of slots and their
lengths varies, the common time boundaries between the different numerologies are
the frames (or the subframes).
Slots and slots formats
The basic transmission unit in 5G NR is the slot. Slots can have different formats; slots
comprise of 14 or 12 OFDM symbols, depending on the used cyclic prefix (CP). Hence,
depending on the used CP, there are different numbers of slots per frame (and subframe) and the CP itself depends on the used numerology, see Table 3-2.
Slots can have different formats, defined by the slot format index (SFI). The SFI is signaled by group common PDCCHs. The slot formats differ in the number of symbols
that can be used for DL (D) and UL (U) transmission. Most of the symbols are usually
used for transmission of user data (payload). Slots can also contain flexible symbols
(x), that can be used for dynamic DL/UL transmission or as a gap for the DL to UL and
vice versa switching.
The slot formats are defined in TS 38.211, table 4.3.2-3.
3.5 Resource Blocks and Resource Grid
Resource grid
The basic granularity in 5G NR resource grid is the resource element (RE), which
consists of one OFDM symbol over one subcarrier and is the same as in LTE. Another
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granularity unit is a resource block (RB), which spans 12 subcarriers in frequency
domain.
Resource blocks
The 5G NR specification defines different types of resource blocks:
●
Common resource blocks (CRB)
The term CRB is typically used when referring to the whole carrier. A CRB grid is
defined for each numerology.
The center of subcarrier #0 of the CRB#0 is referred as Reference point A; it is
signaled relative to SS/PBCH or ARFCN.
See Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3.
●
Usable resource blocks (URBs)
The term URB is used to specify the subset of the CRBs of a specific numerology
where transmission is allowed; that is, these RBs are not in the guard bands. The
URBs define the so called transmission bandwidth (TxBW) for the respective
numerology, see Chapter 3.6, "Transmission Bandwidths TxBWs", on page 19.
●
Physical resource blocks (PRB)
The term PRB describes the RBs inside the bandwidth parts (BWP). PRBs are
numbered relative to the beginning of the bandwidth part.
See Carrier Bandwidth Part (BWP) and Figure 6-4.
About the 5G New Radio Option
Transmission Bandwidths TxBWs
3.6 Transmission Bandwidths TxBWs
As listed in Table 3-2, there are different numerologies (that is different combinations of
subcarrier spacing SCS and cyclic prefix CP) supported for each deployment and
channel bandwidth combination. The different SCSs results in transmission bandwidths
TxBWs, which span different frequency ranges and according to TS 38.104 use different number of resource blocks NRB. The start of the TxBW is signaled relative to the
Reference point A and is numerology-specific.
To achieve a common alignment between the different TxBWs within a carrier, the
3GPP specification defines the following rules:
●
Alignment is achieved, if the center of the first subcarrier (SC#0) of an RB is
aligned to the center of the SC#0 of the RBs of all numerologies with a smaller μ.
●
The TxBWs are centered on the carrier center, that is around the center of the
"Channel Bandwidth" for the corresponding carrier.
●
If not applicable, the TxBWs can be shifted with ±6 subcarriers relative to the carrier center, where for each TxBWs the corresponding SCS applies.
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About the 5G New Radio Option
Transmission Bandwidths TxBWs
Figure 3-2: Transmission bandwidth (example)
Carrier = Channel bandwidth = 5 MHz
RB = Resource blocks
SCS = Subcarrier spacing
TxBWs = Transmission bandwidth
TxBWs#1 = SCS 15 kHz, usable resource blocks USB = "N_RB = 25"; TxBWs is not centered on the
carrier center, a frequency shift with k0μ = -6 subcarriers is applied
TxBWs#2 = SCS 30 kHz, usable resource blocks USB = "N_RB = 11"; TxBWs is centered on the carrier
μ
k
0
= Number of subcarriers the TxBW is shifted related to the carrier center, see k0μ
center ("k
μ
0
= 0")
ΔRB = Usable RB to common RBs, see TxBW Offset
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1 = Aligned centers of the first subcarrier (SC#0) of resource blocks
Point A = Common reference point for all numerologies and TxBWs; does not have to be within the
Carrier center = Center frequency of the carrier
Δf = Offset between the carrier center frequency and the reference point A, see Point A to Car-
From all possible TxBWs for a specific channel bandwidth, the base station decides
which TxBWs to use. The base station/network signals the position of the used TxBWs
to the users as function of the following:
●
The position of the Reference point A, that is common to all numerologies.
●
The frequency offset ΔRB between the usable resource blocks of the TxBWs and
the Reference point A, see TxBW Offset.
●
The used frequency shift k
3.7 Synchronization Signals and SS/PBCH Block
About the 5G New Radio Option
Synchronization Signals and SS/PBCH Block
carrier bandwidth. Point A is the center of subcarrier #0 of the CRB#0
rier Center.
μ
= {-6, 0, 6}, see k0μ.
0
The 3GPP specifies two synchronization signals (SS), the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). Together with the physical
broadcast channel (PBCH), they are bundled in a synchronization signal block (SS/
PBCH block). PSS/SSS are used for radio frame synchronization and detection of the
physical layer cell ID. The location of the synchronization signal is variable.
The PBCH carries general system information. It is polar-coded and QPSK modulated.
The PBCH symbols carry its own DMRS, which position depends on the physical layer
cell ID.
An SS/PBCH block is transmitted on a fixed schedule. Each half-frame contains of
either 4, 8 or 64 SS/PBCH blocks, depending on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). The
SS/PBCH block is transmitted twice in a slot, if that slot carries the synchronization signal.
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About the 5G New Radio Option
Synchronization Signals and SS/PBCH Block
Figure 3-3: Location of synchronization signals in a succession of several slots (Case A - 15 kHz
PSS/SSS = Primary/secondary synchronization signals
PBCH = Physical broadcast channel
SS/PBCH block = SS and PBCH are always transmitted together in a block
SS/PBCH burst
set
Frame = 10 ms = 10 slots
1 slot = 1 subframe = 1 ms
SC = Subcarrier
Start SS/PBCH
symbol
RB offset = Defines the SS/PBCH allocation position in the frequency (see RB Offset/RB Offset (15
Periodicity = Defines how often the burst set is repeated (in this example, periodicity = 10 ms; the
1st URB = First usable resource block (URB), that is the first RB within the TxBW, see Figure 3-2
Carrier center = Center frequency of the cell
Δf = Offset between the center frequency of SS/PBCH block and the carrier center fre-
SCS, f < 3 GHz)
= A group of 4, 8 or 64 SS/PBCH blocks, depending on the SCS (in this example, burst
set = 4 blocks)
= {2, 8} + 14n, where n = 0,1; Start symbols = 2, 8, 16 and 22
kHz SCS)/RB Offset (60 kHz SCS)); within an RB, the allocation can be further shifted
(see SC Offset/SC Offset (15 kHz SCS)/SC Offset (60 kHz SCS))
SS/PBCH burst set is repeated every frame), see Burst Set Periodicity
quency
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The SSs are allocated on predefined symbols but the allocated resource blocks and
subcarriers are user-defined. The TS 38.213 specifies the number of and the start of
the symbols depending on the used SCS and frequency range, see Figure 3-3. In
3GPP, these different start positions of the SS/PBCH blocks are referred as case A to
case E.
3.8 Carrier Bandwidth Part (BWP)
In 5G NR, the bandwidth used for the communication with a specific user (UE) is typically smaller than the channel bandwidth. These user-specific bandwidths are managed by the different-sized, so called (carrier) bandwidth parts (BWP). Each of BWP
uses its own numerology and thus can use different SCS, symbol duration and CP
length (see Table 3-2).
Using BWPs with different bandwidths allows flexible resource allocation, for example,
for support of UE with reduced bandwidth capabilities or supporting non-contiguous
spectrum. Bandwidth parts can overlap, in which case UEs share the resource elements.
About the 5G New Radio Option
Carrier Bandwidth Part (BWP)
Figure 3-4: 5G NR numerology and BWP [1]
A BWP is a contiguous set of physical resource blocks that has the same subcarrier
spacing and thus numerology. UEs can be configured with up to 4 BWPs in DL and UL,
but only one can be active at a time. UEs are not expected to receive and transmit outside its active BWP.
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3.9 Carrier Aggregation
The 5G NR specification defines the aggregation of multiple 5G carriers. Two up to 16
component carriers (CC, in 5G phase 1) can be grouped to provide wider transmission
bandwidths. Up to 1 GHz of spectrum can be aggregated. A UE could simultaneously
receive or transmit on one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities.
Spectrum deployment can be either contiguous with adjacent component carriers, or
non-contiguous with non-adjacent component carriers. The individual component carriers can belong to the same frequency band (intra-band) or to different frequency bands
(inter-band). Component carriers transmitted by the same base station provide the
same cell coverage.
About the 5G New Radio Option
Carrier Aggregation
Figure 3-5: Carrier aggregation
The 5G NR specification defines two different approaches about informing the UE
about the scheduling for each band: a separate PDCCH for each carrier or a common
PDCCH for multiple carriers (cross-carrier scheduling).
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About the 5G New Radio Option
Antenna Port Mapping
Figure 3-6: 5G NR scheduling approaches
In the dedicated/non-cross-carrier approach, the PDCCH on a component carrier
assigns PDSCH resources on the same component carrier.
In the cross-carrier approach, the PDCCH on a component carrier assigns resources
on one of multiple component carriers. The component carriers are identified by the
DCI field CIF (carrier indicator field).
Related settings
See:
●
Enable fading on the SMW.
Set "System Config > System Configuration > Fading/Baseband Config > Mode" to
"Advanced".
●
Chapter 6.2.2, "Carriers Settings", on page 45
Set at least 2 carrier.
3.10 Antenna Port Mapping
Antenna ports are not physical antennas, but rather are a logical concept. Each
antenna port carries certain signal components (= physical channels) that have to be
transmitted under the same conditions. Physical channels can be transmitted on a sin-
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gle antenna port, or on several antenna ports. Each antenna port in turn can be mapped to one of the physical antennas. Typically, one physical antenna combines several
antenna ports. However, one specific antenna port can also be transmitted on more
than one physical antenna.
In this implementation, you can map the antenna ports used by the various physical
channels defined by 3GPP to one or two layer configurations in the dedicated "Antenna
Ports" dialogs.
These dialogs display the antenna port-mapping settings in a table form, as an
antenna port-mapping table.
The mapping table is a matrix with number of rows equal to the number of physical Tx
antennas (basebands) and number of columns equal of the number of antenna ports
(AP). The available antenna ports depend on the current configuration. The yellow
matrix elements in the mapping table indicate the default antenna port to physical
antenna (TX antenna/baseband) mapping.
Related settings:
●
"Users/BWPs > UL BWPs > NZP CSI-RS" > Resource-Settings > Antenna Port
Mapping
●
"Users/BWPs > UL BWPs > SRS > SRS Resource Set Settings" > Antenna Ports >
Config
●
"Scheduling > PDSCH/PUSCH" > Antenna Ports
About the 5G New Radio Option
5G NR Channels and Signals Overview
3.11 5G NR Channels and Signals Overview
Channels:
●
DL: PBCH, PDCCH (CORESET), PDSCH
●
UL: PRACH, PUCCH, PUSCH
Signals:
●
DL: PSS/SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS (for PBCH, PDCCH, PDSCH), TRS, PTRS
●
UL: DMRS (for PUCCH, PUSCH), PTRS, SRS
The following channels and signals are supported in the current firmware version:
●
PSS/SSS, PBCH, PDCCH (CORESET), PDSCH, PUSCH, PUCCH; PBCH incl.
MIB, PDSCH, PDCCH and PUSCH incl. DMRS, PTRS, SRS, CSI-RS
Related settings:
●
Chapter 6.2.10, "PBCH Settings", on page 76
●
Chapter 6.3.4.6, "ZP CSI-RS Settings", on page 114 and
Chapter 6.3.4.7, "NZP CSI-RS Settings", on page 117
●
"PTRS Config ..." on page 104 and
Chapter 6.5.6, "PTRS Settings", on page 184
●
Chapter 6.3.4.2, "PDSCH Settings", on page 93
●
Chapter 6.3.5.4, "PUSCH Settings", on page 133 and
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Chapter 6.3.5.5, "PUSCH UCI Settings", on page 148
●
Chapter 6.3.5.6, "SRS Settings", on page 150
●
Chapter 6.5, "PDSCH/PUSCH Settings", on page 170
●
Chapter 6.6, "CORESET Settings", on page 190
●
Chapter 6.3.5.2, "PUCCH Settings", on page 127 and
Chapter 6.7, "PUCCH Settings", on page 226
●
Chapter 6.8, "PRACH Settings", on page 232
3.12 Conflict Handling
The TS 38.211 defines channels and signals that share the available resources in the
time-frequency domain.
Flexible scheduling is one of the main functions in 5G new radio. But this flexibility in
scheduling can lead to allocations of the same or different type that overlap fully or
partly in the time-frequency domain. Because the specification does not define all possible combinations of channels and signals, a proprietary internal mechanism decides
what bits are mapped to the affected subcarries.
About the 5G New Radio Option
Conflict Handling
Conflict handling depend on the priority of the overlapping channels, see Table 3-3.
Table 3-3: Priority
Priority Channel or signal
High CORESET, PBCH, PDSCH, PRACH, PUCCH
All signals
Middle PDSCH
PUSCH
Low Dummy allocations
Conflict handling rules:
●
Overlapping of signals and/or channels with different priorities
The channel with the higher priority is transmitted completely. Conflict is not indicated, not in the "Scheduling" dialog or in the "Time Plan".
●
Overlapping of allocations with the same priority
If channels with the same priority are scheduled to share resources, the signals of
the channels are added.
Both the "Scheduling" dialog and the "Time Plan" indicate conflict.
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Example: Unresolved conflict
Figure 3-7 shows the scheduling table and the time plan of overlapping allocations
(PDSCH) with the same priorities.
Figure 3-7: Overlapping allocations
About the 5G New Radio Option
Conflict Handling
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4 Find Out the Implemented 3GPP Specifica-
tion
The "Info" dialog displays the currently supported version of the 3GPP standard and
the installed version of the 5G New Radio application.
Access:
► Select "5G New Radio > Info".
Find Out the Implemented 3GPP Specification
Settings:
3GPP Specification Table..............................................................................................29
5G NR Application Version............................................................................................29
3GPP Specification Table
Displays the 3GPP specifications and versions implemented in the R&S SMBVB features.
Remote command:
[:SOURce]:BB:NR5G:VERSion? on page 343
5G NR Application Version
Displays the installed version of the 5G New Radio application.
Remote command:
[:SOURce]:BB:NR5G:PLVersion? on page 344
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5 5G New Radio Quick Settings
Access:
1. Select "Baseband > 5G NR".
2. Select "Quick Settings".
5G New Radio Quick Settings
General Settings
With the provided settings, you can quickly configure a 5G new radio signal.
Configured is signal with the selected settings and one BWP, one user, one frame
and if TDD is used, the power mode active subframe is selected automatically. If
enabled, CORESET is configured, too (see "Use CORESET" on page 33).
The remote commands required to define these settings are described in Chapter 11,
"Remote-Control Commands", on page 312.
Settings:
5.1 General Settings
Access:
1. Select "Baseband > 5G NR".
2. Select "Quick Settings > General".
Settings:
Duplexing...................................................................................................................... 31
Number of Carriers........................................................................................................31
Copy Carrier With Selected Test Model........................................................................ 31
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