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SGU100A
User Manual
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Rohde & Schwarz SGU100A User Manual

R&S®SGU100A SGMA Upconverter
User Manual
(;ÚÛJ2)
User Manual
Version 09
This document describes the R&S®SGU100A, stock no. 1418.2005.02 and its options.
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R&S®SGU-B26 (1418.3401.02)
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R&S®SGU-B120/120V (1418.2605.02/1418.2657.02)
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R&S®SGU-B140/140V (1418.2870.02/1418.2928.02 )
This manual describes firmware version FW 4.30.046.xx and later of the R&S®SGU100A.
© 2019 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1176.7726.02 | Version 09 | R&S®SGU100A
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g. R&S®SGU is indicated as
R&S SGU.
1

Safety Instructions

Risk of injury and instrument damage
The instrument must be used in an appropriate manner to prevent electric shock, fire,
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Keep the "Basic Safety Instructions" and the product documentation
Riesgo de lesiones y daños en el instrumento
El instrumento se debe usar de manera adecuada para p descargas eléctricas, incendios, lesiones o daños materiales.
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especificaciones técnicas pueden contener condiciones adicionales
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Instrucciones de seguridad Sicherheitshinweise Consignes de sécurité
personal injury or instrument damage.
Do not open the instrument casing. Read and observe the "Basic Sa fety Instructions" delivered as
printed brochure with the instrument.
Read and observe the safety instructions in the following sections.
Note that the data sheet may specify additional operating conditions.
in a safe place and pass them on to the subsequent users.
No abrir la carcasa del instrumento. Lea y cumpla las "Instrucciones de seguridad elementales"
suministradas con el instrumento como folleto impreso.
Lea y cumpla las instrucciones de seguridad incluidas en las
siguientes secciones. Se debe tener en cuenta que las para su uso.
Guarde bien las instrucciones de seguridad elementales, así como
la documentación del producto, y entréguelas a usuarios posteriores.
revenir
1171.1307.42 - 05
2
Gefahr von Verletzungen und Sc häden am Gerät
Betreiben Sie das Gerät immer ordnungsgemäß, um elektrischen Schlag, Brand, Verletzungen von Personen oder Geräteschäden zu verhindern.
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Risque de blessures et d'endommagement de l'appareil
L'ap les électrocutions, incendies, dommages corporels et matériels.
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suivantes. Il ne faut pas oublier que la fiche technique peut indiquer
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Öffnen Sie das Gerätegehäuse nicht. Lesen und beachten Sie die "Grundlegenden Sicherheitshinweise",
die als gedruckte Broschüre dem Gerät beiliegen.
Lesen und beachten Sie die Sicherheitshinweise in den folgenden
Abschnitten; möglicherweise enthält das Datenblatt weitere Hinweise zu speziellen Betriebsbedingungen.
Bewahren Sie die "Grundlegenden Sicherheit s hinweise" und die
Produktdokumentation gut auf und geben Sie diese an weitere Benutzer des Produkts weiter.
pareil doit être utilisé conformément aux prescriptions afin d'éviter
N'ouvrez pas le boîtier de l'appareil. Lisez et respectez les "consignes de sécurité fondamentales"
fournies avec l’app ar eil sous forme de brochure imprimée.
Lisez et respectez les instructions de sécurité dans les sections
des conditions d’exploitation supplémentaires.
Gardez les consignes de sécurité fondamentales et la
documentation produit dans un lieu sûr et transmettez ces documents aux autres utilisateurs.
1171.1307.42 - 05
R&S®SGU100A
1 Preface.................................................................................................. 11
1.1 Key Features................................................................................................................11
1.2 Documentation Overview........................................................................................... 11
1.2.1 Getting Started Manual..................................................................................................11
1.2.2 User Manual and Help...................................................................................................11
1.2.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................. 12
1.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures....................................................................................12
1.2.5 Basic Safety Instructions...............................................................................................12
1.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures.......................................................................................... 12
1.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).......................................... 12
1.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc..............................................13

Contents

Contents
1.3 Typographical Conventions....................................................................................... 13
2 Preparing for Use.................................................................................14
2.1 Putting into Operation................................................................................................ 14
2.1.1 EMI Suppression...........................................................................................................15
2.1.2 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument...................................................................... 15
2.1.3 Accessory List............................................................................................................... 16
2.1.4 Placing or Mounting the Instrument.............................................................................. 16
2.1.5 Switching the Instrument On and Off............................................................................ 17
2.1.6 Function Check............................................................................................................. 19
2.1.7 Default Settings.............................................................................................................19
2.2 Linux Operating System.............................................................................................20
2.3 Connecting an External PC and Devices.................................................................. 20
2.3.1 Installing the R&S SGMA-GUI Software....................................................................... 21
2.3.2 Connecting a Remote PC via LAN................................................................................22
2.3.2.1 Connecting the Instrument to the Network....................................................................22
2.3.2.2 Assigning the IP Address.............................................................................................. 24
2.3.2.3 Automatically Adding Instruments to the SGMA-GUI ...................................................25
2.3.3 Connecting a Controller via PCI Express......................................................................25
2.3.4 Connecting a Controller or a USB Device via USB.......................................................26
3 Instrument Tour....................................................................................28
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3.1 Front Panel Tour..........................................................................................................28
3.2 Rear Panel Tour........................................................................................................... 30
4 First Steps with the Instrument.......................................................... 33
4.1 R&S SGU as an Extension to the R&S SGS............................................................. 33
4.2 R&S SGU as a Standalone Upconverter................................................................... 37
5 System Overview................................................................................. 40
5.1 Setups for Instrument Control................................................................................... 40
5.1.1 Manual Operation from the R&S SGMA-GUI................................................................40
5.1.2 Remote Control from a Controller................................................................................. 40
5.1.3 Control of an R&S SGU from a Compatible R&S Signal Generator ............................ 41
5.2 Setups for Connecting an R&S SGS and an R&S SGU........................................... 41
5.2.1 Direct Connection..........................................................................................................42
Contents
5.2.2 Connection in a Company Network...............................................................................43
5.2.3 Connection with a PCIe Switch..................................................................................... 46
6 Understanding the R&S SGMA-GUI Software................................... 48
6.1 Operating Menu and Toolbar......................................................................................48
6.1.1 File Menu...................................................................................................................... 49
6.1.2 Setup Menu...................................................................................................................50
6.1.2.1 Configure Instruments...................................................................................................50
6.1.2.2 Add/Edit Instruments.....................................................................................................52
6.1.2.3 Versions/Options Dialog................................................................................................54
6.1.2.4 Reset SGMA-GUI..........................................................................................................55
6.1.2.5 Remote..........................................................................................................................55
6.1.3 Help...............................................................................................................................56
6.2 Info Dialog and Messages in the Info Bar.................................................................56
6.2.1 Info Dialog..................................................................................................................... 56
6.2.2 Understanding the Messages in the Info Bar................................................................ 57
6.3 Main Panel................................................................................................................... 58
6.4 Working with R&S SGMA-GUI....................................................................................60
6.4.1 Storing and Loading Settings........................................................................................ 61
6.4.2 Handling Instruments in the R&S SGMA-GUI...............................................................61
6.4.2.1 How to Automatically Add New Instruments to the SGMA-GUI ................................... 61
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6.4.2.2 How to Manually Add New Instruments to the SGMA-GUI .......................................... 61
6.4.2.3 How to Scan for New Instruments.................................................................................62
6.4.2.4 How to Activate Instruments for Control from the R&S SGMA-GUI..............................62
6.4.2.5 How to Edit Instruments................................................................................................ 63
6.4.2.6 How to Delete an Instrument.........................................................................................63
6.4.2.7 How to Delete All Instruments.......................................................................................63
6.4.2.8 How to Reserve the Instrument for Control...................................................................63
6.4.3 Finding Out the Default Hostname of the Instrument....................................................64
6.4.4 Bidirectional Instrument Identification .......................................................................... 64
6.4.5 Managing Messages in the Info Dialog......................................................................... 66
6.5 Remote Control of the R&S SGMA-GUI.....................................................................67
6.5.1 Configuring Instruments in the R&S SGMA-GUI...........................................................67
6.5.2 R&S SGMA-GUI Settings..............................................................................................68
Contents
6.5.3 List of R&S SGMA-GUI Commands..............................................................................72
7 Upconverter Settings...........................................................................73
7.1 Frequency Settings.....................................................................................................73
7.2 Level and Power-On Settings.................................................................................... 73
7.2.1 RF Level........................................................................................................................74
7.2.2 Attenuator......................................................................................................................76
7.2.3 Power-On/EMF............................................................................................................. 78
7.2.4 ALC .............................................................................................................................. 78
7.3 I/Q Modulation and Signal Impairment......................................................................79
7.3.1 I/Q Impairments.............................................................................................................80
7.3.1.1 Gain and Gain Imbalance............................................................................................. 80
7.3.1.2 I and Q Offset................................................................................................................81
7.3.1.3 Quadrature Offset..........................................................................................................81
7.3.2 General I/Q Settings......................................................................................................82
7.3.3 Analog Impairment Settings.......................................................................................... 83
7.4 Pulse Modulation Setting........................................................................................... 84
7.4.1 Pulse Modulation Settings.............................................................................................84
7.4.2 Pulse Connector/Trigger Settings................................................................................. 85
7.5 External Local Oscillator Settings.............................................................................86
7.6 Trigger Connector Settings........................................................................................87
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7.7 Preset........................................................................................................................... 87
8 General Instrument Settings and Instrument Setup......................... 89
8.1 Hardware Configuration............................................................................................. 89
8.2 Software / Options...................................................................................................... 91
8.3 Install SW-Options...................................................................................................... 92
8.4 Protection.................................................................................................................... 93
8.5 Security Setting...........................................................................................................94
8.6 Maintenance................................................................................................................ 96
8.7 Network Settings.........................................................................................................97
8.8 Remote Channels......................................................................................................100
8.9 Factory Preset........................................................................................................... 101
8.10 Eco Mode................................................................................................................... 102
Contents
8.11 Standby and Restart................................................................................................. 102
8.12 Diagnostic and Tests................................................................................................ 102
8.12.1 Keyboard Tests........................................................................................................... 103
9 Performing Configuration Tasks...................................................... 104
9.1 How to Generate I/Q Signals with an R&S SGS and an R&S SGU Upconverter. 104
9.2 How to Restore the LAN Connection to an Instrument......................................... 106
9.3 How to Switch between the Operating States........................................................ 107
9.4 How to Use Computer Names..................................................................................109
9.5 How to Install a New Firmware Version on the Instrument................................... 110
9.6 How to Activate Options........................................................................................... 111
9.7 How to Manually Set a PCIe Direct Connection between an R&S SGS and an R&S
SGU.............................................................................................................................111
10 Network and Remote Control Operation..........................................113
10.1 Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols.............................................................. 113
10.1.1 Remote Control Programs and Libraries.....................................................................114
10.1.2 LAN Interface...............................................................................................................116
10.1.2.1 VISA Resource Strings................................................................................................117
10.1.2.2 HiSLIP Protocol........................................................................................................... 118
10.1.2.3 VXI-11 Protocol............................................................................................................119
10.1.2.4 Socket Communication................................................................................................119
10.1.3 USB Interface.............................................................................................................. 119
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10.1.4 PCI Express Interface................................................................................................. 120
10.1.5 GPIB Interface (IEC/IEEE Bus Interface)....................................................................121
10.2 Starting a Remote Control Session.........................................................................121
10.2.1 How to Find the VISA Resource String....................................................................... 122
10.2.2 Example: Remote Control over LAN Using Socket Communication...........................122
10.3 Advanced Remote Control Using PCIe................................................................... 123
10.3.1 Setting Up a Remote Control Connection via PCIe.................................................... 124
10.3.2 Download the Drivers..................................................................................................124
10.3.3 Configuring the Controller........................................................................................... 125
10.3.3.1 Building and Installing the Hardware Driver................................................................ 125
10.3.3.2 Making Shared Libraries Accessible........................................................................... 126
10.3.3.3 Building a Program......................................................................................................126
10.3.4 Connecting the Controller and the Instrument............................................................ 127
Contents
10.3.5 Enabling Fast Settings................................................................................................ 128
10.4 Advanced Remote Control Using Fast Socket.......................................................128
10.4.1 Setting Up a Remote Control Connection via Fast Socket......................................... 129
10.4.2 Installing the Protocol Driver....................................................................................... 130
10.4.3 Enabling Fast Settings................................................................................................ 130
10.5 LXI Configuration...................................................................................................... 130
10.5.1 Default State of the Network Settings......................................................................... 131
10.5.2 LXI Browser Settings...................................................................................................131
10.5.3 LAN Configuration.......................................................................................................132
10.5.3.1 IP Configuration.......................................................................................................... 132
10.5.3.2 Advanced Config.........................................................................................................132
10.5.3.3 Ping Client...................................................................................................................133
10.5.3.4 SCPI Remote Trace.................................................................................................... 133
10.5.4 How to Record SCPI Commands and Messages exchanged via the LXI Web Browser
Interface...................................................................................................................... 134
10.6 Using the R&S SGMA-GUI to Monitor the Remote Control Operation.................135
11 Remote Control Commands..............................................................138
11.1 Programming Examples...........................................................................................138
11.1.1 Performing General Tasks for Instrument Setup......................................................... 139
11.1.2 Generating an I/Q Modulated Signal........................................................................... 140
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11.1.3 Advanced Task for Optimizing Performance............................................................... 142
11.1.4 Adjusting Network and Remote Channel Settings...................................................... 143
11.2 Common Commands................................................................................................144
11.3 General Commands.................................................................................................. 148
11.4 Preset Commands.....................................................................................................150
11.5 CALibration Subsystem........................................................................................... 151
11.6 CONNector Subsystem.............................................................................................155
11.7 DIAGnostic Subsystem............................................................................................ 155
11.8 Fast Speed Commands............................................................................................ 156
11.9 FORMat Subsystem.................................................................................................. 157
11.10 MMEMory Subsystem...............................................................................................159
11.10.1 File Naming Conventions............................................................................................ 159
11.10.2 Extensions for User Files............................................................................................ 160
Contents
11.10.3 Examples.................................................................................................................... 160
11.10.4 Remote Control Commands........................................................................................161
11.11 OUTPut Subsystem...................................................................................................167
11.12 SOURce Subsystem..................................................................................................169
11.13 SOURce:IQ Subsystem.............................................................................................170
11.14 SOURce:Local Oscillator Subsystem..................................................................... 172
11.15 SOURce:POWer Subsystem.....................................................................................174
11.16 SOURce:PULM Subsystem...................................................................................... 178
11.17 STATus Subsystem................................................................................................... 179
11.18 SYSTem Subsystem..................................................................................................182
11.19 TEST Subsystem.......................................................................................................192
11.20 UNIT Subsystem........................................................................................................194
11.21 List of R&S SGU Commands................................................................................... 194
12 Maintenance....................................................................................... 198
12.1 Cleaning..................................................................................................................... 198
12.2 Storing and Packing................................................................................................. 199
13 Error Messages and Troubleshooting..............................................200
13.1 Status Information.................................................................................................... 200
13.2 Error Messages......................................................................................................... 200
13.2.1 Volatile messages....................................................................................................... 200
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13.2.2 Permanent messages................................................................................................. 201
13.3 SCPI-Error Messages................................................................................................201
13.4 Device-Specific Error Messages..............................................................................201
A Remote Control Basics......................................................................204
A.1 Messages................................................................................................................... 204
A.2 LAN Interface Messages...........................................................................................205
A.3 SCPI Command Structure........................................................................................ 205
A.3.1 Syntax for Common Commands................................................................................. 206
A.3.2 Syntax for Device-Specific Commands.......................................................................206
A.3.2.1 Long and short form.................................................................................................... 207
A.3.2.2 Numeric Suffixes......................................................................................................... 207
Contents
Annex.................................................................................................. 204
A.3.2.3 Optional Mnemonics................................................................................................... 207
A.3.3 SCPI Parameters........................................................................................................ 208
A.3.3.1 Numeric Values........................................................................................................... 208
A.3.3.2 Special Numeric Values.............................................................................................. 209
A.3.3.3 Boolean Parameters................................................................................................... 210
A.3.3.4 Text Parameters.......................................................................................................... 210
A.3.3.5 Character Strings........................................................................................................ 210
A.3.3.6 Block Data...................................................................................................................210
A.3.4 Overview of Syntax Elements......................................................................................211
A.3.5 Structure of a Command Line..................................................................................... 212
A.3.6 Responses to Queries.................................................................................................213
A.4 Command Sequence and Synchronization............................................................ 214
A.4.1 Preventing Overlapping Execution..............................................................................214
A.5 Status Reporting System......................................................................................... 215
A.5.1 Hierarchy of the Status Registers............................................................................... 215
A.5.2 Structure of a SCPI Status Register............................................................................217
A.5.3 Status Byte (STB) and Service Request Enable Register (SRE)................................219
A.5.4 Event Status Register (ESR) and Event Status Enable Register (ESE)..................... 220
A.5.5 Questionable Status Register (STATus:QUEStionable).............................................. 220
A.5.6 Operation Status Register (STATus:OPERation)........................................................ 221
A.5.7 Application of the Status Reporting System................................................................221
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A.5.7.1 Service Request..........................................................................................................221
A.5.7.2 Serial Poll.................................................................................................................... 222
A.5.7.3 Query of an instrument status..................................................................................... 222
A.5.7.4 Error Queue................................................................................................................ 222
A.5.8 Reset Values of the Status Reporting System............................................................ 223
A.6 General Programming Recommendations............................................................. 223
B Telnet program examples..................................................................225
Contents
Index....................................................................................................230
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1 Preface

1.1 Key Features

Preface
Documentation Overview
The R&S SGU is an upconverter in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 40 GHz.
Optimized for use in automated test equipment (ATE), the instrument offers fast settling times in an exceptionally small form factor and low power consumption. The R&S SGU has LO connectors for coupling multiple generators to a common LO source and can be equipped with a mechanical step attenuator.
The key features of the R&S SGU include the following:
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Compact size and low power consumption
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Remote connection via PCI Express, minimizing the setup time Alternatively, LAN or USB connections available
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Coherent LO input and output connectors, also usable as MIMO input/output and phase coherent I/Q demodulation
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Linux operating system
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Graphical user interface R&S SGMA-GUI to set up and control one or more R&S SGU instruments simultaneously from one remote computer, available for Windows and Linux systems

1.2 Documentation Overview

This section provides an overview of the R&S SGU user documentation. Unless speci­fied otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S SGU product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/sgu100a

1.2.1 Getting Started Manual

Introduces the R&S SGU and describes how to set up and start working with the prod­uct. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general informa­tion, e.g. safety instructions, etc. A printed version is delivered with the instrument.

1.2.2 User Manual and Help

Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
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1.2.3 Service Manual

1.2.4 Instrument Security Procedures

Preface
Documentation Overview
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S SGU. The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Inter­net.
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replace­ment and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz information system (GLORIS, https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com).
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S SGU in secure areas. It is avail­able for download on the Internet.

1.2.5 Basic Safety Instructions

Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information. The printed document is delivered with the instrument.

1.2.6 Data Sheets and Brochures

The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S SGU. It also lists the options and their order numbers and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific char­acteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/sgu100a

1.2.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)

The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/sgu100a
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1.2.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.

1.3 Typographical Conventions

Preface
Typographical Conventions
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particu­lar topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/sgu100a.
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
Convention Description
"Graphical user interface ele­ments"
[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.
Filenames, commands, program code
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by quotation marks.
Filenames, commands, coding samples and screen output are distin­guished by their font.
tion marks.
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2 Preparing for Use

2.1 Putting into Operation

Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
● Putting into Operation............................................................................................. 14
● Linux Operating System..........................................................................................20
● Connecting an External PC and Devices................................................................20
This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S SGU for the first time.
Risk of injury and instrument damage
The instrument must be used in an appropriate manner to prevent electric shock, fire, personal injury, or damage.
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Do not open the instrument casing.
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Read and observe the "Basic Safety Instructions" delivered as a printed brochure with the instrument. In addition, read and observe the safety instructions in the following sections. Notice that the data sheet may specify additional operating conditions.
Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions
Specific operating conditions are required to ensure accurate measurements and to avoid damage to the instrument. Observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the basic safety instructions and the instrument's data sheet.
Instrument damage caused by electrostatic discharge
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage the electronic components of the instrument and the device under test (DUT). Electrostatic discharge is most likely to occur when you connect or disconnect a DUT or test fixture to the instrument's test ports. To pre­vent electrostatic discharge, use a wrist strap and cord and connect yourself to the ground, or use a conductive floor mat and heel strap combination.
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2.1.1 EMI Suppression

Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions
An unsuitable operating site or test setup can damage the instrument and connected devices. Before switching on the instrument, observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet. In particular, ensure the following:
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All fan openings are unobstructed and the airflow perforations are unimpeded. A minimum distance of 10 cm to other objects is recommended.
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The instrument is dry and shows no sign of condensation.
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The instrument is positioned as described in the following sections.
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The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the data sheet.
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Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.
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Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.
To suppress generated Electromagnetic Interference (EMI):
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Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example, use double-shielded RF and LAN cables. Note: USB cables are of varying and often poor quality. Therefore, check the qual­ity of each individual USB cable as described in the service manual.
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Always terminate open cable ends.
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Note the EMC classification in the data sheet

2.1.2 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument

Unpack the R&S SGU carefully and check the contents of the package.
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Check if all items listed on the delivery note, including this getting started manual, are included in the delivery.
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Check the R&S SGU for any damage. If the contents are damaged, immediately contact the carrier who delivered the package.
Packing material
Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or ship­ped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.
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2.1.3 Accessory List

2.1.4 Placing or Mounting the Instrument

Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of injury during transportation
The carrying handles at the front and side of the casing are designed to lift or carry the instrument. Do not apply excessive force to the handles. If a handle is ripped off, the falling instrument can cause injury.
The instrument comes with the following accessories:
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Power cable
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Getting started printed manual
The R&S SGU is designed for use under laboratory conditions, either on a bench top or in a rack using a rack adapter kit (order number see data sheet).
Bench top operation
If the R&S SGU is operated on a bench top, the surface should be flat. The instrument can be used in horizontal position, standing on its feet.
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Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of injury and instrument damage if stacking instruments
A stack of instruments may tilt over and cause injury. Furthermore, the instruments at the bottom of the stack may be damaged due to the load imposed by the instruments on top.
Observe the following instructions when stacking instruments:
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Never stack more than three instruments with the same dimensions (width and length). If you need to stack more than three instruments, install them in a rack.
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The overall load imposed on the lowest instrument must not exceed 500 N.
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All instruments should have the same dimensions (width and length). If you need to stack smaller instruments on the top, the overall load imposed on the lowest instrument must not exceed 250 N.
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If the instruments have foldable feet, fold them in completely.
Rack mounting
The R&S SGU can be installed in a rack using a rack adapter kit (Order No. see data sheet). The installation instructions are part of the adapter kit.
Risk of instrument damage due to insufficient airflow in a rack
If you mount several instruments in a rack, you need an efficient ventilation concept to ensure that the instruments do not overheat. Insufficient airflow for a longer period can disturb the operation and even cause damage.

2.1.5 Switching the Instrument On and Off

The R&S SGU is automatically adapted to the AC voltage supplied. There is no need to set the voltage manually or change fuses. The [AC supply and power switch] is at the rear of the unit.
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Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
To connect the AC supply
► Connect the R&S SGU to the AC power source using the AC power cable deliv-
ered with the instrument.
Note: The instrument is in compliance with safety class EN61010-1. Connect the instrument only to a socket with earthing contact.
To start up the instrument
1. Connect the instrument to the AC supply.
2. To turn on the power, press the main power switch to position I (On).
To switch between standby and ready state
► Press the [POWER ON /STAND BY] key briefly to switch the instrument from the
standby to ready state or vice versa.
In ready state, the button is green. The instrument is ready for operation. All mod­ules are power-supplied and the R&S SGU initiates its startup procedure. In standby state, the button is orange. The standby power mode keeps the power switch circuits and the remote control system active.
Start-up and booting
The instrument boots the operating system and starts the instrument firmware. During the booting process, the green [POWER ON /STAND BY] key blinks. If the previous session was terminated regularly, the instrument uses the last setup with the relevant instrument settings.
Once the startup procedure has been terminated, the instrument is ready for operation.
In the R&S SGMA-GUI, select "Instrument > Preset" function to return the instrument to its defined reset/preset state, if the current setup is no longer relevant.
To customize the start settings, use the "SGMA-GUI > File > Save As/Open" function.
To shut down the instrument
To shut down the R&S SGU, proceed as described below.
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Putting into Operation
Risk of losing data
If you switch off the running instrument using the rear panel switch or by disconnecting the power cord, the instrument loses its current settings.
Always press the [POWER ON/STANDBY] key first to shut down the application prop­erly.
1. Press the [POWER ON /STAND BY] key to save the current setup, shut down the
operating system and set the instrument to standby state.
The [POWER ON /STAND BY] LED must be orange.
Tip: If the instrument is operated manually via the R&S SGMA-GUI, select "SGMA­GUI > Instrument Name > Setup > Standby".
2. To turn the power off, press the main power switch to position 0 (Off).
None of the front-panel LEDs should be on.

2.1.6 Function Check

The instrument automatically monitors the main functions when it is switched on and monitors them continuously during operation.
A detected fault is indicated by an "Error" message displayed in the info line of the R&S SGMA-GUI together with a brief error description. For an in-depth identification of the error, press the "SGMA-GUI > Info" button. In response, a description of the errors is displayed. For more information, refer to the "Error Messages" section in the user manual.

2.1.7 Default Settings

When the instrument is switched on, it is not the preset state that is active, but rather the instrument state that was set before the instrument was switched off. It is recom­mended that you use the "SGMA-GUI > Instrument > Preset" function to return the instrument to its defined preset state every time a new configuration is required or the current setup is no longer relevant.
The R&S SGU offers a two-stage preset concept:
●
Preset the instrument to a predefined state The "SGMA-GUI > Instrument Name > Preset" function calls up a defined instru­ment setup. All parameters and switching states are preset (also these of inactive operating modes). The default instrument settings provide a reproducible initial basis for all other settings. However, functions that concern the integration of the instrument into a measurement setup are not changed.
●
Preset the instrument to its factory settings
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2.2 Linux Operating System

Preparing for Use
Connecting an External PC and Devices
The instrument can also be forced to load its default factory settings. To access the corresponding dialog box, select the "SGMA-GUI > Instrument Name > Setup > Factory Preset" function. For more information and an overview of the settings affected by the factory preset function, see Chapter 8.9, "Factory Preset", on page 101.
User-defined instrument states can be stored and called up using the functions "SGMA-GUI > File > Save As/Open".
The instrument uses an embedded Linux operating system, optimally adapted to the instrument.
Accessing the operating system
No access to the operating system is required for normal operation.
All necessary system settings can be made in the "Setup" dialog.

2.3 Connecting an External PC and Devices

As a rule, the R&S SGU is operated exclusively via remote control on a connected PC. Another way to control the instrument is the manual operation via the R&S SGMA-GUI software on the connected PC.
Both the remote control and the manual operation of the instrument require an external controller. For the prerequisites and the instructions on how to configure an external controller for remote control, refer to the user manual. A brief introduction to the remote control capabilities is provided in Chapter 10, "Network and Remote Control Opera-
tion", on page 113.
This section gives an introduction on how to configure the external PC for manual operation (see Chapter 2.3.1, "Installing the R&S SGMA-GUI Software", on page 21).
In addition to connecting an external controller, it may be useful to connect other exter­nal devices, e.g. a memory stick. The following interfaces are provided on the rear panel of the instrument, see also Chapter 3.2, "Rear Panel Tour", on page 30:
●
PCI Express (refer to Chapter 2.3.3, "Connecting a Controller via PCI Express", on page 25
●
USB interface (refer to Chapter 2.3.4, "Connecting a Controller or a USB Device
via USB", on page 26)
●
LAN interface (refer to Chapter 2.3.2, "Connecting a Remote PC via LAN", on page 22)
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2.3.1 Installing the R&S SGMA-GUI Software

Preparing for Use
Connecting an External PC and Devices
The R&S SGMA-GUI software is a graphical user interface program for one or more instruments. It runs on a remote PC.
The R&S SGMA-GUI software is provided as separate installation package for the dif­ferent operating systems. The latest version of the software together with the release notes is available for download at:
http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/product/SGU100A.html > "Downloads" > "Software"
This page always offers the latest information on your R&S SGMA-GUI.
This description focuses on the handling of the Windows-32 version. The file naming conventions and the installation instructions for the other operating systems are analo­gous.
The R&S SGMA-GUI installation package for Windows-32 operating system consists of the file SGMA-GUI_<V.VV.VVV.VVV>.exe. The version numbers in the file names vary with each update. To install the R&S SGMA-GUI, the following hardware and soft­ware requirements have to be met.
Table 2-1: Hardware and software requirements
Requirement Remark
One of the following operating sys­tems:
●
Windows Vista
●
Windows 7
●
Windows 8/ 8.1
●
Windows 10
●
Linux
R&S VISA VISA drivers can be obtained on the Rohde & Schwarz website:
CPU At least Pentium or compatible, as from 1 GHz (recommended).
VGA color display resolution At least 800*600 pixels
R&S SGMA-GUI has to be installed on one of the supported operat­ing systems. Also, the version of the operating system must be still supported by Microsoft.
Note:
Any other Windows version or other operating systems are not sup­ported.
During installation, the operation system is checked.
The installation is terminated if this requirement is not fulfilled.
http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/rsvisa
Installing a new software version
Administrator rights are necessary for installation and starting.
1. Download the R&S SGMA-GUI software.
2. In Windows Explorer, double-click SGMA-GUI_V.VV.VVV.VVV.exe. Follow the
instructions.
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After the installation of the R&S SGMA-GUI software, two icons will be shown in your Windows menu: one is the standard version and one for which the remote command of the software through SCPIs is disabled. The SCPI disabled version allows you to install and use the R&S SGMA-GUI on other instruments, without interfering with the remote control of the host instrument.
Start the version that is required for your application.
Uninstalling an old software version
An uninstallation of a previous version of the SW can be performed before the installa­tion of the new one, but this is not mandatory.
► To uninstall this version, go to "Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove
Programs" and select the entry SGMA-GUI_V.VV.VVV.VVV.
The script file identifies and removes all currently installed R&S SGMA-GUI soft­ware items.

2.3.2 Connecting a Remote PC via LAN

The R&S SGU is equipped with a network interface and can be connected to an Ether­net LAN (local area network). The interface can be used, for example:
●
To connect an external computer for manual control of the instrument by the R&S SGMA-GUI software.
●
To operate the device by a remote control program. See Chapter 10, "Network and Remote Control Operation", on page 113.
This section describes how to configure the LAN interface. It includes the following top­ics:
●
Chapter 2.3.2.1, "Connecting the Instrument to the Network", on page 22
●
Chapter 2.3.2.2, "Assigning the IP Address", on page 24
●
Chapter 2.3.2.3, "Automatically Adding Instruments to the SGMA-GUI ",
on page 25
2.3.2.1 Connecting the Instrument to the Network
There are two methods to establish a LAN connection to the instrument:
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Connecting an External PC and Devices
●
A non-dedicated network (Ethernet) connection from the instrument to an existing network.
●
A dedicated network connection (Point-to-point connection) between the instru­ment and a single computer.
In both cases, an IP address has to be assigned to the instrument and the computer, see Chapter 2.3.2.2, "Assigning the IP Address", on page 24.
Risk of network failure
Consult your network administrator before performing the following tasks:
●
Connecting the instrument to the network
●
Configuring the network
●
Changing IP addresses
Errors can affect the entire network.
Setting up a non- dedicated network (LAN) connection
► Connect the instrument to the network or to a single PC.
If the instrument is connected to the LAN, the operating system automatically detects the network connection and activates the required drivers. By default, the instrument is configured to use dynamic TCP/IP configuration and obtain all address information automatically.
Setting up a dedicated network connection
If your network does not support DHCP, you can set a dedicated network connection between a stand-alone PC and a R&S SGU
Prerequisite: the computer and the R&S SGU are turned on and running.
1. Start the R&S SGMA-GUI.
2. Connect the computer and the R&S SGU with a LAN network cable.
3. Wait for about one minute for the automatic assignment of IP addresses to com-
plete.
4. R&S SGMA-GUI main panel, select "Setup > Instruments".
5. In the "Configure Instruments" dialog, click "Scan".
The new instrument should appear with a Zeroconf IP address 169.254.xx.yy
6. Assign a static IP address to the instrument, see "Assigning a static IP address to
the R&S SGU" on page 24.
7. Assign a static IP address to the PC, see "Assigning a static IP address to your
Windows-PC network card" on page 24.
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2.3.2.2 Assigning the IP Address
Preparing for Use
Connecting an External PC and Devices
8. Edit the instrument settings, see Chapter 6.4.2.5, "How to Edit Instruments",
on page 63
Depending on the network capacities, the TCP/IP address information for the instru­ment can be obtained in different ways.
●
If the network supports dynamic TCP/IP configuration using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), all address information can be assigned automati­cally.
●
If the network does not support DHCP, the instrument tries to obtain the IP address via Zeroconf (APIPA) protocol. If this attempt does not succeed or if the instrument is set to use alternate TCP/IP configuration, the addresses must be set manually, see "Setting up a dedicated network connection" on page 23.
The R&S SGU uses the Zeroconf IP addresses 169.254.xxx.yyy., where xxx takes val­ues between 1...254 and yyy the values in the value range 1...255; the subnet mask is always 255.255.0.0. The IP address of the host must be within the same address area for Zeroconf.
By default, the instrument is configured to use dynamic TCP/IP configuration and obtain all address information automatically. This means that it is safe to establish a physical connection to the LAN without any previous instrument configuration.
Assigning a static IP address to the R&S SGU
Prerequisites: A connection is established between the R&S SGU and the controller with installed SGMA-GUI.
For how to setup a LAN connection, see Chapter 2.3.2.1, "Connecting the Instrument
to the Network", on page 22.
For how to set up a USB connection, see "Setting up a USB connection from a PC to
the R&S SGU" on page 26.
1. Open "SGMA-GUI > Instrument > Setup > Network Settings" dialog.
2. Set the "Address Mode" to "Static".
3. Enter the "IP Address", for example 192.168.0.1..
4. Enter the "Subnet mask", for example 255.255.255.0.
5. Enter the "Default Gateway", for example 192.168.0.1.
Assigning a static IP address to your Windows-PC network card
1. Obtain the IP address and subnet mask for the R&S SGU and the IP address for
the local default gateway from your network administrator. If necessary, also obtain the name of your DNS domain and the IP addresses of the DNS and WINS servers
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on your network. If you use more than one LAN connector, you need separate address information for each connector.
2. Press the "Windows" key to access the operating system.
3. Open the "Control Panel" by selecting "Start > Settings > Control Panel".
4. Select "Network and Sharing Center".
5. In the left panel, click "Change adapter settings".
6. Select the network adapter you want to change. Click "Change settings of this con-
nection".
7. On the "Networking" tab, click "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)". Select
"Properties".
8. Select "Use the following IP address" and enter the address information as
obtained from the network administrator.
9. If necessary, you can also select "Use the following DNS server addresses" and
enter your own DNS addresses.
For more information, refer to your Windows system Help.
2.3.2.3 Automatically Adding Instruments to the SGMA-GUI
For information on how to install the R&S SGMA-GUI software, refer to Chapter 2.3.1,
"Installing the R&S SGMA-GUI Software", on page 21.
1. For each new instrument perform the following steps:
a) Connect the instrument to the network. b) Press the [POWER ON /STAND BY] key to switch on the instrument. c) Wait until the [POWER ON /STAND BY] LED is green and not blinking. d) Press the [ID] key on the front panel of the instrument.
2. Start the SGMA-GUI on a computer connected to the same network.
3. Open the "Instruments" dialog and click "Scan".
Note: This step is performed automatically on the first start and can also be omit­ted for instruments with a direct LAN connection to the computer.
All instruments are added automatically to the main panel of the SIGMA-GUI.

2.3.3 Connecting a Controller via PCI Express

A PCI Express connector is provided on the rear panel of the instrument, see Chap-
ter 3.2, "Rear Panel Tour", on page 30.
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2.3.4 Connecting a Controller or a USB Device via USB

Preparing for Use
Connecting an External PC and Devices
Risk of device failure
The R&S SGU is equipped with a single lane PCIe interface that supports hot plugging.
Do not connect an external PC to the PCIe connector of the instrument during opera­tion if this external PC does not support hot-plugging!
Using the PCIe interface for remote control of the instrument requires extended knowl­edge. Refer to Chapter 10.3, "Advanced Remote Control Using PCIe", on page 123 for detailed information.
The USB interface on the rear panel of the R&S SGU allows you to connect either a USB device or use the R&S SGU as a device and connect it to a controller.
Connecting a controller (host PC or compatible signal generator)
If you connect a controller (host PC or compatible signal generator) to the R&S SGU, the R&S SGU acts as a USB device.
To connect the controller to the USB interface of the R&S SGU, always connect the USB type Micro-B connector to the R&S SGU. Refer to the documentation of the con- troller to find out which USB connector type you can connect to the controller.
The Figure 2-1 illustrates schematically the required connector type to emphasize on the different connector shape.
Figure 2-1: USB type Micro-B connectors
An external PC with installed R&S SGMA-GUI is required for manual operation of the R&S SGU.
Setting up a USB connection from a PC to the R&S SGU
If your network does not support DHCP, you can set a USB connection between a PC and a R&S SGU.
Prerequisite: the computer and the R&S SGU are turned on and running.
1. Start the R&S SGMA-GUI.
2. Connect the computer and the R&S SGU with a USB cable.
The new instrument should appear automatically. If the instrument does not appear automatically, you can open the "Setup > Instru­ments > Configure Instruments" dialog and click "Scan".
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3. If your network does not support DHCP, you can now set a static IP address to
your computer.
a) Assign a static IP address to the instrument, see "Assigning a static IP address
to the R&S SGU" on page 24.
b) Assign a static IP address to the PC, see "Assigning a static IP address to your
Windows-PC network card" on page 24.
c) Edit the instrument settings, see Chapter 6.4.2.5, "How to Edit Instruments",
on page 63
Connecting a USB device
If you connect a USB device (memory stick, CD-ROM, an instrument) to the R&S SGU, the R&S SGU acts as a host.
To connect a USB device to the interface of the R&S SGU, always connect the USB type Micro-A connector to the R&S SGU. Refer to the documentation of the USB device to find out which USB connector type you can connect to the USB device.
The Figure 2-2 illustrates schematically the required connector type to emphasize on the different connector shape.
Figure 2-2: USB type Micro-A connectors
If you connect an R&S SGS to an R&S SGU via a USB cable, perform the steps as described in Chapter 5.2, "Setups for Connecting an R&S SGS and an R&S SGU", on page 41.
Using a USB Adapter
You can use a USB adapter to customize the connectors of a USB cable to the require­ments of the instrument.
For example, you can use a Type-A / Micro-A adapter to customize a standard USB cable with type A and type Micro-B connectors for the connection of an R&S SGS (act­ing as a host) to an R&S SGU (acting as a USB device).
In some cases, you can also use a Type-A / Micro-B adapter to establish a connection to the instrument. To check, whether the adapter you have is suitable or not you can connect a USB stick with an LED through the adapter to the instrument. If the LED of the USB stick lights up after a connection to the instrument then you can use this adapter for further applications with the instrument.
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3 Instrument Tour

3.1 Front Panel Tour

Instrument Tour
Front Panel Tour
The following topics help you get familiar with the instrument and perform the first steps:
●
Front Panel Tour
●
Rear Panel Tour
This section explains the control elements and the connectors of the R&S SGU with the aid of the front and rear views. Specifications of interfaces can be found in the data sheet.
This section provides an overview of control elements on the front panel of the R&S SGU. The connectors of the R&S SGU are placed on the rear panel and are described in Chapter 3.2, "Rear Panel Tour", on page 30. As the R&S SGU is inten- ded to be remote-controlled, the front panel of the R&S SGU contains no display but mostly LEDs to inform you about the status of the instrument. The user interface can be displayed on a remote PC station used to manually remote control the instrument.
Figure 3-1: Front panel view
[POWER ON /STAND BY]
The [POWER ON /STAND BY] key switches the instrument from the standby to ready state or vice versa.
In ready state, the button is green. The instrument is ready for operation.
In standby state, the button is orange. In this state, it is safe to switch off the AC power and disconnect the instrument from the power supply.
A blinking green color indicates that a booting operation is in process.
[RF ON]
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