Rohde&Schwarz R&S®ZNL/ZNLE User Manual
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Vector Network Analyzers
User Manual
(;ÜÉÐ2)
1178596602
Version 16
This document applies to the following vector network analyzer models:
●
R&S®ZNL3, 5 kHz to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K03
●
R&S®ZNL4, 5 kHz to 4.5 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K04
●
R&S®ZNL6, 5 kHz to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K06
●
R&S®ZNL14, 5 kHz to 14 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K14
●
R&S®ZNL20, 5 kHz to 20 GHz, 2 ports, 3.5 mm (m) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K20
●
R&S®ZNLE3, 1 MHz* to 3 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K53
●
R&S®ZNLE4, 1 MHz* to 4.5 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K54
●
R&S®ZNLE6, 1 MHz* to 6 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K56
●
R&S®ZNLE14, 1 MHz* to 14 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K64
●
R&S®ZNLE18, 1 MHz* to 18 GHz, 2 ports, N(f) connectors, order no. 1323.0012K70
* 100 kHz with R&S®ZNLE-B100 low frequency extension option
© 2022 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Muenchen, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners.
1178.5966.02 | Version 16 | R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, e.g. R&S®ZNL is indicated as
R&S ZNL.
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
1 Safety and regulatory information......................................................13
1.1 Safety instructions......................................................................................................13
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE.......................................................................................... 16
1.3 Warning messages in the documentation................................................................ 17
1.4 Korea certification class A......................................................................................... 17
2 Documentation overview.....................................................................18
2.1 Getting started manual............................................................................................... 18
2.2 User manuals and help...............................................................................................18
2.3 Service manual............................................................................................................18
2.4 Instrument security procedures................................................................................ 19
Contents
Contents
2.5 Printed safety instructions.........................................................................................19
2.6 Data sheets and brochures........................................................................................ 19
2.7 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA).......................................19
2.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc......................................... 20
2.9 Calibration certificate................................................................................................. 20
3 What's new in firmware version 1.61................................................. 21
3.1 Firmware version 1.61................................................................................................ 21
4 Getting Started..................................................................................... 23
4.1 Preparing for use........................................................................................................ 23
4.1.1 Lifting and carrying........................................................................................................23
4.1.2 Unpacking and checking............................................................................................... 23
4.1.3 Choosing the operating site.......................................................................................... 23
4.1.4 Setting up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE......................................................................................24
4.1.5 Connecting to power..................................................................................................... 26
4.1.6 Switching on or off.........................................................................................................29
4.1.7 Connecting to LAN........................................................................................................ 30
4.1.8 Connecting a keyboard................................................................................................. 31
4.1.9 Connecting an external monitor.................................................................................... 31
4.1.10 Windows operating system........................................................................................... 33
4.1.11 Logging on.................................................................................................................... 35
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4.1.12 Checking the supplied options...................................................................................... 36
4.1.13 Considerations for test setup........................................................................................ 37
4.2 Instrument tour............................................................................................................38
4.2.1 Front panel view............................................................................................................38
4.2.2 Rear panel view............................................................................................................ 45
4.3 Trying out the instrument...........................................................................................51
4.3.1 Performing measurements............................................................................................51
4.3.2 Zooming into the display............................................................................................... 58
4.3.3 Saving settings..............................................................................................................59
4.3.4 Printing and saving results............................................................................................ 61
4.3.5 Activating additional channel setups............................................................................. 62
4.3.6 Trying out spectrum mode.............................................................................................64
4.3.7 Performing sequential measurements.......................................................................... 70
Contents
4.4 Operating the instrument........................................................................................... 71
4.4.1 Understanding the display information (VNA mode)..................................................... 72
4.4.2 Accessing the functionality............................................................................................73
4.4.3 Entering data.................................................................................................................78
4.4.4 Touchscreen gestures................................................................................................... 79
4.4.5 Getting help...................................................................................................................82
5 Operating modes, applications, channel setups, and result displays
............................................................................................................... 84
5.1 Available applications.................................................................................................85
5.2 R&S MultiView............................................................................................................. 86
5.3 Defining channel setups.............................................................................................87
5.4 Running a sequence of measurements.................................................................... 89
5.4.1 The sequencer concept.................................................................................................89
5.4.2 Sequencer settings....................................................................................................... 92
5.4.3 How to set up the sequencer........................................................................................ 92
6 Data management................................................................................ 94
6.1 Restoring the default instrument configuration (preset).........................................94
6.2 Storing and recalling instrument settings and measurement data........................95
6.2.1 Quick save/quick recall................................................................................................. 96
6.2.2 Configurable storage and recall.................................................................................... 98
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6.2.3 How to save and load instrument settings.................................................................. 103
6.3 Creating screenshots of current measurement results and settings.................. 105
6.3.1 Print and screenshot settings......................................................................................105
6.3.2 How to store or print screenshots of the display..........................................................115
7 General instrument setup..................................................................118
7.1 Reference frequency.................................................................................................118
7.2 Display settings.........................................................................................................119
7.2.1 Display settings........................................................................................................... 119
7.2.2 How to work with the soft front panels........................................................................ 126
7.3 Language settings.................................................................................................... 127
7.4 System configuration settings.................................................................................128
7.4.1 Hardware information..................................................................................................128
Contents
7.4.2 Information on versions and options........................................................................... 128
7.4.3 System messages.......................................................................................................130
7.4.4 Firmware updates....................................................................................................... 131
7.4.5 General configuration settings.................................................................................... 133
7.4.6 Additional interfaces....................................................................................................133
7.5 Service functions...................................................................................................... 134
7.5.1 R&S support information............................................................................................. 135
7.5.2 Self-test settings and results....................................................................................... 136
7.5.3 Calibration signal display............................................................................................ 137
7.5.4 Service functions.........................................................................................................138
7.6 VNA setup.................................................................................................................. 139
7.6.1 Calibration tab............................................................................................................. 140
7.6.2 User Interface tab........................................................................................................141
7.6.3 Advanced tab.............................................................................................................. 143
7.6.4 Power tab.................................................................................................................... 144
7.7 Toolbar configuration............................................................................................... 145
8 Network and remote settings............................................................147
8.1 Remote control interfaces and protocols............................................................... 147
8.1.1 LAN interface.............................................................................................................. 148
8.1.2 GPIB interface (IEC 625/IEEE 418 bus interface).......................................................152
8.2 SCPI (standard commands for programmable instruments)................................154
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
8.3 VISA libraries.............................................................................................................154
8.4 Network and remote control settings......................................................................154
8.4.1 General network settings............................................................................................ 155
8.4.2 Remote settings.......................................................................................................... 156
8.4.3 Compatibility settings.................................................................................................. 159
8.4.4 LAN settings................................................................................................................160
8.4.5 Remote errors............................................................................................................. 161
8.4.6 Returning to manual mode ("Local")........................................................................... 163
8.5 How to set up a network and remote control......................................................... 164
8.5.1 How to configure a network.........................................................................................164
8.5.2 How to operate the instrument without a network....................................................... 170
8.5.3 How to log on to the network.......................................................................................171
8.5.4 How to share directories (only with microsoft networks)............................................. 173
Contents
8.5.5 How to control the R&S ZNL/ZNLE via the web browser interface............................. 174
8.5.6 How to deactivate the web browser interface............................................................. 175
8.5.7 How to set up remote desktop.................................................................................... 176
8.5.8 How to start a remote control session from a PC........................................................182
8.5.9 How to return to manual operation..............................................................................183
9 VNA concepts and features.............................................................. 184
9.1 Basic concepts..........................................................................................................184
9.1.1 Global (persistent) settings......................................................................................... 184
9.1.2 Channel setups........................................................................................................... 185
9.1.3 Traces, channels and diagrams.................................................................................. 185
9.1.4 Sweep control............................................................................................................. 187
9.1.5 Data flow..................................................................................................................... 190
9.2 VNA screen elements............................................................................................... 194
9.2.1 Display elements of a VNA diagram........................................................................... 194
9.2.2 Dialogs........................................................................................................................ 205
9.2.3 Trace formats.............................................................................................................. 207
9.3 Measurement results................................................................................................ 215
9.3.1 S-parameters.............................................................................................................. 216
9.3.2 Reference impedances............................................................................................... 217
9.3.3 Impedance parameters............................................................................................... 219
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
9.3.4 Admittance parameters............................................................................................... 222
9.3.5 Wave quantities and ratios..........................................................................................223
9.3.6 Unbalance-balance conversion...................................................................................225
9.3.7 Stability factors............................................................................................................228
9.3.8 Group delay.................................................................................................................228
9.4 Operations on traces................................................................................................ 229
9.4.1 Limit check.................................................................................................................. 229
9.4.2 Trace files....................................................................................................................236
9.4.3 Memory-mapped trace data transfer...........................................................................245
9.5 Calibration................................................................................................................. 246
9.5.1 Calibration types......................................................................................................... 248
9.5.2 Calibration standards and calibration kits................................................................... 254
9.5.3 Calibration pool........................................................................................................... 260
Contents
9.5.4 Calibration labels.........................................................................................................260
9.5.5 Automatic calibration...................................................................................................261
9.5.6 Parallel calibration of multiple channels...................................................................... 268
9.6 Offset parameters and de-/embedding................................................................... 269
9.6.1 Offset parameters........................................................................................................269
9.6.2 Embedding and deembedding.................................................................................... 275
9.7 Optional extensions and accessories.....................................................................284
9.7.1 Time domain analysis..................................................................................................285
9.7.2 Distance-to-fault measurements................................................................................. 291
9.7.3 Spectrum analyzer function.........................................................................................293
9.7.4 Additional removable PC board with SSD...................................................................293
9.7.5 Extended power range................................................................................................ 294
9.7.6 Receiver step attenuators........................................................................................... 294
9.7.7 Lower start frequency for R&S ZNLE..........................................................................294
9.7.8 OCXO frequency reference.........................................................................................295
9.7.9 Additional interfaces....................................................................................................295
9.7.10 GPIB interface.............................................................................................................295
9.7.11 Broadband limiter........................................................................................................ 296
9.7.12 DC power supply 12/24 V........................................................................................... 296
9.7.13 Internal Li-ion batteries................................................................................................296
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
10 VNA GUI reference.............................................................................297
10.1 Function Keys and softtools....................................................................................297
10.2 Stimulus softtool.......................................................................................................298
10.2.1 Stimulus tab................................................................................................................ 299
10.2.2 Power tab.................................................................................................................... 300
10.2.3 Time Domain X-Axis tab..............................................................................................302
10.3 Scale softtool.............................................................................................................303
10.3.1 Scale Values tab..........................................................................................................304
10.3.2 Scale Coupling tab...................................................................................................... 306
10.3.3 Zoom tab..................................................................................................................... 307
10.4 Bw Avg Power softtool............................................................................................. 309
10.4.1 Power tab.................................................................................................................... 309
10.4.2 Bandwidth tab............................................................................................................. 310
Contents
10.4.3 Average tab................................................................................................................. 311
10.5 Sweep Softtool.......................................................................................................... 312
10.5.1 Sweep Params tab......................................................................................................312
10.5.2 Sweep Type tab.......................................................................................................... 315
10.5.3 Trigger tab...................................................................................................................325
10.5.4 Sweep Control tab.......................................................................................................330
10.6 Trace softtool.............................................................................................................333
10.6.1 Traces tab................................................................................................................... 333
10.6.2 Mem tab...................................................................................................................... 338
10.6.3 All Mem All Data tab....................................................................................................340
10.6.4 Math tab...................................................................................................................... 342
10.6.5 Time Domain tab.........................................................................................................347
10.6.6 Time Gate tab..............................................................................................................352
10.6.7 Distance to Fault Tab.................................................................................................. 354
10.6.8 Trace Statistics tab......................................................................................................362
10.6.9 Smooth Shift Hold tab................................................................................................. 366
10.6.10 Infinite Averaging tab...................................................................................................370
10.6.11 Trace Data tab.............................................................................................................370
10.7 Meas softtool............................................................................................................. 378
10.7.1 S-Params tab.............................................................................................................. 379
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
10.7.2 Ratios tab.................................................................................................................... 386
10.7.3 Wave tab..................................................................................................................... 389
10.7.4 Z←Sij tab.................................................................................................................... 391
10.7.5 Y←Sij tab.................................................................................................................... 393
10.7.6 Y-Z-Params tab........................................................................................................... 395
10.7.7 Stability tab..................................................................................................................397
10.8 Format softtool..........................................................................................................398
10.9 Display Lines softtool...............................................................................................404
10.9.1 Diagram tab.................................................................................................................404
10.9.2 Split tab....................................................................................................................... 408
10.9.3 Config tab....................................................................................................................410
10.9.4 Limit Test tab............................................................................................................... 413
10.9.5 Ripple Test tab............................................................................................................ 421
Contents
10.9.6 Circle Test tab............................................................................................................. 426
10.9.7 Display Circle tab........................................................................................................ 429
10.9.8 Horiz. Line tab............................................................................................................. 430
10.10 Marker Settings softtool........................................................................................... 431
10.10.1 Markers tab................................................................................................................. 431
10.10.2 Marker Props tab.........................................................................................................434
10.10.3 Set by Marker tab........................................................................................................436
10.10.4 Info Field tab............................................................................................................... 438
10.10.5 Marker Coupling tab....................................................................................................438
10.11 Marker Search softtool............................................................................................. 440
10.11.1 Peak tab...................................................................................................................... 440
10.11.2 Multiple Peak tab.........................................................................................................446
10.11.3 Target Search tab........................................................................................................448
10.11.4 Bandfilter tab............................................................................................................... 450
10.12 Cal softtool................................................................................................................ 454
10.12.1 Create a user calibration............................................................................................. 454
10.12.2 Manage calibration devices.........................................................................................471
10.12.3 Manage user calibrations............................................................................................ 484
10.13 Channel softtool........................................................................................................487
10.13.1 Channels tab............................................................................................................... 487
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
10.13.2 Mode tab..................................................................................................................... 491
10.13.3 Channel Bits tab..........................................................................................................493
10.14 Offset Embed softtool...............................................................................................495
10.14.1 Offset Embed dock widget.......................................................................................... 495
10.14.2 Offset tab.....................................................................................................................504
10.14.3 One Way Loss tab.......................................................................................................510
10.14.4 Single Ended tab.........................................................................................................512
10.14.5 Port Sets tab............................................................................................................... 515
10.14.6 Balanced tab............................................................................................................... 517
10.14.7 Ground Loop tab......................................................................................................... 520
10.14.8 Differential Match tab.................................................................................................. 522
10.14.9 Config tab....................................................................................................................524
Contents
11 Command reference.......................................................................... 525
11.1 Conventions used in SCPI command descriptions...............................................525
11.2 Common commands.................................................................................................526
11.3 Common instrument commands.............................................................................530
11.3.1 Commands for remote instrument operation...............................................................530
11.3.2 Selecting the operating mode and application............................................................ 531
11.3.3 Managing settings and results.................................................................................... 538
11.3.4 Configuring the R&S ZNL/ZNLE................................................................................. 561
11.4 VNA remote control basics...................................................................................... 584
11.4.1 Block data format........................................................................................................ 584
11.4.2 Basic remote control concepts.................................................................................... 584
11.4.3 The IECWIN tool......................................................................................................... 588
11.4.4 Status reporting system.............................................................................................. 589
11.5 VNA command reference......................................................................................... 603
11.5.1 Special terms and notation..........................................................................................603
11.5.2 SCPI command reference...........................................................................................605
11.5.3 R&S ZVR/ZVABT compatible commands................................................................... 948
11.6 VNA programming examples...................................................................................971
11.6.1 Basic tasks.................................................................................................................. 971
11.6.2 Condensed programming examples........................................................................... 980
11.7 List of commands................................................................................................... 1001
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
12 Troubleshooting...............................................................................1019
12.1 Error messages and troubleshooting................................................................... 1019
12.1.1 Errors during firmware operation...............................................................................1019
12.1.2 Errors during firmware installation/update.................................................................1021
12.2 System recovery..................................................................................................... 1021
12.3 Collecting information for support........................................................................1022
12.4 Contacting customer support................................................................................1023
13 Maintenance, storage, transport and disposal..............................1025
13.1 Cleaning................................................................................................................... 1025
13.2 Changing fuses....................................................................................................... 1025
13.3 Handling batteries...................................................................................................1026
13.4 Storage.....................................................................................................................1026
Contents
13.5 Transporting............................................................................................................ 1026
13.6 Disposal................................................................................................................... 1027
14 Annexes............................................................................................ 1028
14.1 Manual firmware uninstallation and installation.................................................. 1028
14.2 Interfaces and connectors..................................................................................... 1029
14.2.1 Rear panel connectors.............................................................................................. 1029
14.2.2 GPIB interface...........................................................................................................1031
Glossary: Frequently used terms...................................................1035
Index..................................................................................................1041
11User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Contents
12User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
1 Safety and regulatory information
Safety and regulatory information
Safety instructions
The product documentation helps you use the product safely and efficiently. Follow the
instructions provided here and in the following chapters.
Intended use
The product is intended for the development, production and verification of electronic
components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environments.
Use the product only for its designated purpose. Observe the operating conditions and
performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you of potential dangers and gives instructions on how to prevent personal injury or damage caused by
dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●
In Chapter 1.1, "Safety instructions", on page 13. The same information is provided in many languages as printed "Safety Instructions". The printed "Safety
Instructions" are delivered with the product.
●
Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation.
1.1 Safety instructions
Products from the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies are manufactured according
to the highest technical standards. To use the products safely, follow the instructions
provided here and in the product documentation. Keep the product documentation
nearby and offer it to other users.
Use the product only for its intended use and within its performance limits. Intended
use and limits are described in the product documentation such as the data sheet,
manuals and the printed "Safety Instructions". If you are unsure about the appropriate
use, contact Rohde & Schwarz customer service.
Using the product requires specialists or specially trained personnel. These users also
need sound knowledge of at least one of the languages in which the user interfaces
and the product documentation are available.
Never open the casing of the product. Only service personnel authorized by
Rohde & Schwarz are allowed to repair the product. If any part of the product is damaged or broken, stop using the product. Contact Rohde & Schwarz customer service at
http://www.customersupport.rohde-schwarz.com.
Lifting and carrying the product
The maximum weight of the product is provided in the data sheet. To move the product
safely, you can use lifting or transporting equipment such as lift trucks and forklifts. Follow the instructions provided by the equipment manufacturer.
13User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Safety and regulatory information
Safety instructions
Choosing the operating site
Only use the product indoors. The product casing is not waterproof. Water that enters
can electrically connect the casing with live parts, which can lead to electric shock,
serious personal injury or death if you touch the casing. If Rohde & Schwarz provides
accessories designed for your product, e.g. a carrying bag, you can use the product
outdoors.
Unless otherwise specified, you can operate the product up to an altitude of 2000 m
above sea level. The product is suitable for pollution degree 2 environments where
nonconductive contamination can occur. For more information on environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity, see the data sheet.
Setting up the product
Always place the product on a stable, flat and level surface with the bottom of the product facing down. If the product is designed for different positions, secure the product so
that it cannot fall over.
If the product has foldable feet, always fold the feet completely in or out to ensure stability. The feet can collapse if they are not folded out completely or if the product is
moved without lifting it. The foldable feet are designed to carry the weight of the product, but not an extra load.
If stacking is possible, keep in mind that a stack of products can fall over and cause
injury.
If you mount products in a rack, ensure that the rack has sufficient load capacity and
stability. Observe the specifications of the rack manufacturer. Always install the products from the bottom shelf to the top shelf so that the rack stands securely. Secure the
product so that it cannot fall off the rack.
Connecting to power
The product is an overvoltage category II product. Connect the product to a fixed
installation used to supply energy-consuming equipment such as household appliances and similar loads. Keep in mind that electrically powered products have risks, such
as electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Take the following measures for your safety:
●
Before switching on the product, ensure that the voltage and frequency indicated
on the product match the available power source. If the power adapter does not
adjust automatically, set the correct value and check the rating of the fuse.
●
If a product has an exchangeable fuse, its type and characteristics are indicated
next to the fuse holder. Before changing the fuse, switch off the product and disconnect it from the power source. How to change the fuse is described in the product documentation.
●
Only use the power cable delivered with the product. It complies with country-specific safety requirements. Only insert the plug into an outlet with protective conductor terminal.
●
Only use intact cables and route them carefully so that they cannot be damaged.
Check the power cables regularly to ensure that they are undamaged. Also ensure
that nobody can trip over loose cables.
14User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Safety and regulatory information
Safety instructions
●
If the product needs an external power supply, use the power supply that is delivered with the product or that is recommended in the product documentation or a
power supply that conforms to the country-specific regulations.
●
Only connect the product to a power source with a fuse protection of maximum
20 A.
●
Ensure that you can disconnect the product from the power source at any time.
Pull the power plug to disconnect the product. The power plug must be easily
accessible. If the product is integrated into a system that does not meet these
requirements, provide an easily accessible circuit breaker at the system level.
Handling batteries safely
The product contains exchangeable or built-in lithium polymer or lithium ion cells or
batteries. The use of the word battery in the following always means all types. Only the
battery contents are potentially hazardous. As long as a battery is undamaged and the
seals remain intact, there is no danger.
Impact, shock or heat can cause damage such as dents, punctures and other deformations. A damaged battery poses a risk of personal injury. Handle a damaged or leaking
battery with extreme care. Immediately ventilate the area since the battery releases
harmful gases. If you come into contact with the battery fluid, immediately remove all
contaminated clothing. Irritation can occur if the battery fluid comes in contact with your
skin or eyes. Immediately and thoroughly rinse your skin or eyes with water and seek
medical aid.
For safe handling, follow these rules:
●
Do not short-circuit the battery.
●
Do not mechanically damage the battery. Do not open or disassemble the battery.
●
Do not expose the battery to high temperatures such as open flames, hot surfaces
and sunlight.
●
Only use the battery with the designated Rohde & Schwarz product.
●
Only use the appropriate Rohde & Schwarz charger to charge the batteries. If the
batteries are improperly charged, there is a risk of explosion. For charging and discharging temperature ranges, see the product documentation.
●
Replace exchangeable batteries only with the same battery type.
●
Store the battery in the product or use the product packaging.
●
Dispose of exchangeable batteries separately from normal household waste as
specified by the local waste disposal agency.
If you disregard these rules, you risk serious personal injury or even death due to
explosion, fire or hazardous chemical substances. The product documentation provides further details.
If exchangeable batteries or products with built-in batteries are defective, contact the
Rohde & Schwarz customer service. Rohde & Schwarz classifies the severity of the
defect. When returning batteries or Rohde & Schwarz products containing batteries,
use a carrier qualified to transport dangerous goods and notify the carrier of this classification. Follow the carrier’s transport stipulations in line with IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code,
ADR or RID.
15User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Safety and regulatory information
Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE
Using headphones
Take the following measures to prevent hearing damage. Before using headphones,
check the volume and reduce it if necessary. If you monitor varying signal levels, take
off the headphones and wait until the signal has settled. Then adjust the volume.
Cleaning the product
Use a dry, lint-free cloth to clean the product. When cleaning, keep in mind that the
casing is not waterproof. Do not use liquid cleaning agents.
Meaning of safety labels
Safety labels on the product warn against potential hazards.
Potential hazard
Read the product documentation to avoid personal injury or product damage.
Electrical hazard
Indicates live parts. Risk of electric shock, fire, personal injury or even death.
Hot surface
Do not touch. Risk of skin burns. Risk of fire.
Protective conductor terminal
Connect this terminal to a grounded external conductor or to protective ground. This connec-
tion protects you against electric shock if an electric problem occurs.
1.2 Labels on R&S ZNL/ZNLE
Labels on the casing inform about:
●
Personal safety, see "Meaning of safety labels" on page 16
●
Product and environment safety, see Table 1-1
●
Identification of the product, see Chapter 4.2.2.14, "Device ID", on page 51
Table 1-1: Labels regarding R&S
Labeling in line with EN 50419 for disposal of electrical and electronic equipment after the product has come to the end of its service life.
For more information, see "Disposing electrical and electronic equipment" on page 1027.
Labeling in line with directive 2006/66/EC for disposal of batteries after they have come to the
end of their service life.
For more information, see "Disposing electrical and electronic equipment" on page 1027.
ZNL/ZNLE and environment safety
16User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
1.3 Warning messages in the documentation
1.4 Korea certification class A
Safety and regulatory information
Korea certification class A
A warning message points out a risk or danger that you need to be aware of. The signal word indicates the severity of the safety hazard and how likely it will occur if you do
not follow the safety precautions.
CAUTION
Potentially hazardous situation. Could result in minor or moderate injury if not avoided.
NOTICE
Potential risks of damage. Could result in damage to the supported product or to other
property.
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바라며, 가정외의 지역에서 사용하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.
17User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
2 Documentation overview
2.1 Getting started manual
Documentation overview
Service manual
This section provides an overview of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNLE.
Introduces the R&S ZNL/ZNLE and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for download on the Internet.
2.2 User manuals and help
Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●
Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application, including remote control commands. Basic information on operating the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
is not included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. The
help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit
and the firmware applications.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
2.3 Service manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replacement and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
18User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
2.4 Instrument security procedures
2.5 Printed safety instructions
Documentation overview
Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/irj/portal/SearchDetailView?downloadContainerID=484937
ZNL service manual, ZNLE service manual
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in secure areas. It is
available for download on the Internet.
Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is delivered with
the product.
2.6 Data sheets and brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. It also lists
the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/
brochure-datasheet/ZNLE.
2.7 Release notes and open source acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The software makes use of several valuable open source software packages. An opensource acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the used open
source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/
ZNLE.
19User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
2.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers,
2.9 Calibration certificate
Documentation overview
Calibration certificate
etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/ZNL or www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/
ZNLE.
The document is available on https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/calcert. You need the
device ID of your instrument, which you can find on a label on the rear panel.
20User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
3 What's new in firmware version 1.61
What's new in firmware version 1.61
Firmware version 1.61
This section lists the changes introduced in the current version of the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
firmware.
Software version
► To check your R&S ZNL/ZNLE "Instrument Firmware" and "VNA Server" version,
select [SETUP] > "System Config" > "Versions + Options".
Downgrade to a firmware version < 1.22
To downgrade the firmware from a version X ≥ 1.22 to a version Y < 1.22, it is required
to uninstall firmware version X manually (using Windows "Apps & Features"). Then,
after a possible reboot of the instrument, install firmware version Y.
For details on manual firmware deinstallation and installation see the annex of the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE User Manual or Help System.
3.1 Firmware version 1.61
This section lists the changes introduced in firmware version 1.61.
New functionality
●
Spectrum analysis options R&S ZNL14-B1 and R&S ZNL20-B1 for R&S ZNL14
and R&S ZNL20 with serial numbers 101200 and higher
– Spectrum analysis up to 14 GHz for R&S ZNL14
– Spectrum analysis up to 26.5 GHz for R&S ZNL20
– Support of R&S FPL1-B11 "YIG preselector bypass" (R&S ZNL14|20 only!)
See Chapter 9.7.3, "Spectrum analyzer function", on page 293
●
Support of new economy calibration units R&S ZN-ZE1xx
New remote control functionality
●
New remote commands DISPlay:LAYout:OVERlay and DISPlay:LAYout:
SPLit for diagram functions Overlay All and Split All, respectively
●
Various reference marker commands
CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:REFerence:... added; same functionality as
for regular markers
Modified functionality
●
Wave quantity measurements: Renormalization adapted to R&S ZNA logic
Improvements
●
Y-axis grid labels now show values with units instead of unit-less values
●
Marker values for wave and ratio traces in complex diagrams (polar coordinates)
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
What's new in firmware version 1.61
Firmware version 1.61
Solved issues
●
If the current length was zero, "Auto Length and Loss" always calculated a zero
loss.
●
Command CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>[:STATe] ON did not make channel <Ch>
the active one.
●
Multiple peak marker search: once no peaks were found, the marker info field was
hidden permanently
●
If a calibration unit was recharacterized with sexless connectors (e.g. 7 mm), subsequent calibrations using this recharacterization failed with an "invalid cal unit
port" warning.
●
µ1 and µ2 in "Stability" parameter selection combo-box erroneously prepended
with "Å"
●
CALCulate<Ch>:DATA:CHANnel:ALL failed if, between measurement and data
retrieval, a lower-numbered channel was deleted.
●
Mouse wheel scrolls in dialogs were propagated to the diagram area – with undesired side effects such as changing the current marker position.
●
Stability factor measurements always returned zero
●
Calibration kit Keysight 85058EP: wrong capacitance value C0 in Open (f) circuit
model
●
Time domain analysis R&S ZNL-K2:
– Selecting a different time domain transform ("Type" selection on "Time Domain"
tab) did not take effect
– Changing the permittivity did not change the distance in TDR distance plots
●
Distance to fault only worked for live traces
●
Compression point measurements (trace statistics): the compression values were
not displayed, if the input power of the compression point was not visible on the
selected stimulus axis.
Spectrum analysis changes
The spectrum analysis function of the R&S ZNL (with hardware option B1) and its additional software options are based on firmware 1.90 of the Rohde & Schwarz spectrum
analyzer R&S FPL1000.
See the Release Notes of the R&S FPL1000 (at https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/firm-
ware/fpl1000/) for a history of changes.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4 Getting Started
4.1 Preparing for use
Getting Started
Preparing for use
Here, you can find basic information about setting up the product for the first time.
● Lifting and carrying..................................................................................................23
● Unpacking and checking.........................................................................................23
● Choosing the operating site.................................................................................... 23
● Setting up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE................................................................................24
● Connecting to power............................................................................................... 26
● Switching on or off...................................................................................................29
● Connecting to LAN..................................................................................................30
● Connecting a keyboard........................................................................................... 31
● Connecting an external monitor.............................................................................. 31
● Windows operating system..................................................................................... 33
● Logging on.............................................................................................................. 35
● Checking the supplied options................................................................................ 36
● Considerations for test setup.................................................................................. 37
4.1.1 Lifting and carrying
The carrying handles are designed to lift or carry the instrument. Do not apply excessive external force to the handles.
See "Lifting and carrying the product" on page 13.
4.1.2 Unpacking and checking
1. Unpack the R&S ZNL/ZNLE carefully.
2. Retain the original packing material. Use it when transporting or shipping the
R&S ZNL/ZNLE later.
3. Using the delivery notes, check the equipment for completeness.
4. Check the equipment for damage.
If the delivery is incomplete or equipment is damaged, contact Rohde & Schwarz.
4.1.3 Choosing the operating site
Specific operating conditions ensure proper operation and avoid damage to the product and connected devices. For information on environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity, see the data sheet.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4.1.4 Setting up the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
Getting Started
Preparing for use
See also "Choosing the operating site" on page 14.
Electromagnetic compatibility classes
The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) class indicates where you can operate the
product. The EMC class of the product is given in the data sheet.
●
Class B equipment is suitable for use in:
– Residential environments
– Environments that are directly connected to a low-voltage supply network that
supplies residential buildings
●
Class A equipment is intended for use in industrial environments. It can cause
radio disturbances in residential environments due to possible conducted and radiated disturbances. It is therefore not suitable for class B environments.
If class A equipment causes radio disturbances, take appropriate measures to
eliminate them.
The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is designed for use either on a bench top or in a rack, or as a
portable instrument (with optional battery operation) in a transport bag in the field.
See also:
●
"Setting up the product" on page 14
●
"Intended use" on page 13
4.1.4.1 Placing the R&S ZNL/ZNLE on a bench top
To place the product on a bench top
1. Place the product on a stable, flat and level surface.
CAUTION! The top surface of the product is too small for stacking. If you stack
2.
another product on top of the product, the stack can fall over and cause injury.
If you want to save space, mount several products in a rack.
CAUTION! Foldable feet can collapse. See "Setting up the product" on page 14.
3.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4.1.4.2 Mounting the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in a rack
Getting Started
Preparing for use
Always fold the feet completely in or out. With folded-out feet, do not place anything on top or underneath.
NOTICE! Overheating can damage the product.
4.
Prevent overheating as follows:
● Keep a minimum distance of 10 cm between the fan openings of the product
and any object in the vicinity.
● Do not place the product next to heat-generating equipment such as radiators
or other products.
To prepare the rack
1. Observe the requirements and instructions in "Setting up the product" on page 14.
NOTICE! Insufficient airflow can cause overheating and damage the product.
2.
Design and implement an efficient ventilation concept for the rack.
To mount the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in a rack
1. Use an adapter kit to prepare the R&S ZNL/ZNLE for rack mounting.
a) Order the rack adapter kit designed for the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. For the order num-
ber, see the data sheet.
b) Mount the adapter kit. Follow the assembly instructions provided with the
adapter kit.
2. Lift the R&S ZNL/ZNLE to shelf height.
3. Grab the handles and push the R&S ZNL/ZNLE onto the shelf until the rack brackets fit closely to the rack.
4. Tighten all screws in the rack brackets with a tightening torque of 1.2 Nm to secure
the R&S ZNL/ZNLE in the rack.
To unmount the R&S ZNL/ZNLE from a rack
1. Loosen the screws at the rack brackets.
2. Remove the R&S ZNL/ZNLE from the rack.
3. If placing the R&S ZNL/ZNLE on a bench top again, unmount the adapter kit from
the R&S ZNL/ZNLE. Follow the instructions provided with the adapter kit.
4.1.4.3 Portable operation
An optional carrying bag designed specifically for the R&S ZNL allows you to protect
the instrument while working in the field. The bag includes ventilation areas at the position of the ventilation outlets in the casing to ensure air circulation. The transparent
cover allows you to operate the instrument without removing it from the bag. With the
25User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Getting Started
Preparing for use
help of the optional vest holster, you can carry the R&S ZNL in its bag and keep your
hands free. Together with the optional battery pack (see Chapter 4.1.5.3, "Optional bat-
tery pack (R&S FPL1-B31)", on page 27), and packed in the dedicated carrying bag,
the R&S ZNL is ideally suited for operation directly in the field, even in rough environments.
► Inspect the carrying bag for wear and tear before placing the instrument in it.
For details on optional accessories, see the R&S ZNL data sheet.
4.1.5 Connecting to power
There are various options to supply power to the R&S ZNL/ZNLE.
●
The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is equipped with an AC power supply connector.
●
The R&S ZNL can also be equipped with an optional (internal) DC power supply
connector (R&S FPL1-B30).
●
The R&S ZNL allows for battery operation if option R&S FPL1-B31 is installed.
4.1.5.1 Connecting the AC power
The R&S ZNL/ZNLE can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself
automatically to it. Refer to the datasheet for the requirements of voltage and frequency.
For safety information, see "Connecting to power" on page 14.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4.1.5.2 Connecting an optional DC power supply (R&S FPL1-B30)
Getting Started
Preparing for use
To connect the AC power
1. Plug the AC power cable into the AC power connector on the rear panel of the
instrument. Only use the AC power cable delivered with the R&S ZNL/ZNLE.
2. Plug the AC power cable into a power outlet with ground contact.
The required ratings are listed next to the AC power connector and in the data
sheet.
For details on the connector, refer to Chapter 4.2.2.1, "AC power supply connection
and main power switch", on page 46.
The R&S ZNL can also be equipped with an optional DC power supply connector
(R&S FPL1-B30). If installed, the R&S ZNL can be operated by a DC voltage of +12 V
to +24 V. For details on the connector see Chapter 4.2.2.2, "Li-Ion battery packs and
DC power connector", on page 46.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.
If you use an external power supply unit to supply safety extra-low DC voltage (SELV)
to the instrument, be sure to meet the requirements for reinforced/double insulation in
accordance with DIN/EN/IEC 61010 (UL 3111, CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1) or DIN/EN/IEC
60950 (UL 1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950). Provide current limitation in accordance with
DIN EN 61010-1 Appendix F2.1. Use a cable no longer than 3 m.
Also see "Connecting to power" on page 14.
DC connection
► Connect the DC power connector on the rear panel of the R&S ZNL to the DC
power source using a cable as described above.
4.1.5.3 Optional battery pack (R&S FPL1-B31)
As an alternative to the fixed AC or DC power supply, the R&S ZNL also allows for battery operation. The "Battery Pack" option R&S FPL1-B31 comprises two Li-ion batter-
27User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
Getting Started
Preparing for use
ies and an internal charger. The internal charger charges the batteries whenever the
instrument is connected to AC power. During operation, if neither DC nor AC power is
supplied, the R&S ZNL automatically switches to battery operation.
The battery pack can be retrofitted by Rohde & Schwarz service.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.
For models R&S ZNL14 and R&S ZNL20, hot-swapping a single Li-ion battery is possi-
ble. However, long-term operation with a single battery is not supported.
For safety information, see "Handling batteries safely" on page 15.
Charging batteries
Charge the batteries before using battery operation for the first time. Following a long
storage period, it can be necessary to charge and discharge the batteries several times
to reach full capacity.
For batteries from third parties, follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer.
For batteries manufactured by Rohde & Schwarz, observe the following:
●
If inserted in the R&S ZNL, batteries are charged via the common AC or DC power
supply.
●
You can also use the external battery charger R&S FSV-B34 to charge up to 4 batteries.
●
Charge in a temperature range from +0 °C to +45 °C. If the temperature is above
or below these values, or the temparature varies strongly, charging is interrupted. If
the battery temperature rises above +53 °C, charging is stopped.
●
Try not to overcharge the battery too often because overcharging reduces the service life of the battery.
When the battery is being charged in standby mode, the [Power] LED blinks. During
operation, the status bar indicates that the battery is being charged.
Remote command to determine the battery charge state:
DIAGnostic:SERVice:BATTery:LEVel? on page 578
Spare battery pack (R&S FPL1-Z4)
In addition to the internal battery pack (option R&S FPL1-B31), spare batteries are
available for the R&S ZNL. The spare battery pack R&S FPL1-Z4 comprises two additional Li-ion batteries.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4.1.6 Switching on or off
Getting Started
Preparing for use
Outside the R&S ZNL, batteries can be charged using the external battery charger
R&S FSV-B34. Even during battery operation, you can exchange the internal batteries
while the R&S ZNL is running, as long as one battery remains in the instrument. However, it is not recommended to operate the R&S ZNL with only one battery for a longer
period.
This option is not available for the R&S ZNLE.
For models R&S ZNL14 and R&S ZNL20, hot-swapping a single Li-ion battery is possi-
ble. However, long-term operation with a single battery is not supported.
Table 4-1: Overview of power states
Status LED on Power key Position of main power switch
Off
Standby
Ready
gray
orange
green
[0]
[I]
[I]
To switch on the R&S ZNL/ZNLE
The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is off but connected to power.
1. Set the switch on the power supply to position [I].
See Chapter 4.2.2.1, "AC power supply connection and main power switch",
on page 46.
The LED of the Power key is orange.
See Chapter 4.2.1.2, "Power key", on page 40.
Note: If the R&S ZNL/ZNLE was disconnected from power before it was switched
off regularly, it automatically switches back on when the power is reconnected.
Using a LAN-controlled power switch, you can take advantage of this behavior to
switch the device on and off remotely.
2. Press the Power key.
The LED changes to green.
The instrument operates on battery, DC, or AC power, whichever is supplied. The
R&S ZNL/ZNLE boots.
After booting, the instrument is ready for operation.
To shut down the product
The product is in the ready state.
► Press the [Power] key.
The operating system shuts down. The LED changes to orange.
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R&S®ZNL/ZNLE
4.1.7 Connecting to LAN
Getting Started
Preparing for use
To disconnect from power
The R&S ZNL/ZNLE is in the standby state.
NOTICE! Risk of data loss. If you disconnect the product from power when it is in
1.
the ready state, you can lose settings and data. Shut it down first.
Set the switch on the power supply to position [0].
See Chapter 4.2.2.1, "AC power supply connection and main power switch",
on page 46.
The LED of the standby key is switched off.
2. Disconnect the R&S ZNL/ZNLE from the power source.
You can connect the instrument to a LAN for remote operation via a PC.
Provided the network administrator has assigned you the appropriate rights and adapted the Windows firewall configuration, you can use the interface, for example:
●
To transfer data between a controlling device and the test device, e.g. to run a
remote control program
●
To access or control the measurement from a remote computer using the "Remote
Desktop" application (or a similar tool)
●
To connect external network devices (e.g. printers)
●
To transfer data from a remote computer and back, e.g. using network folders
Network environment
Before connecting the product to a local area network (LAN), consider the following:
●
Install the latest firmware to reduce security risks.
●
For internet or remote access, use secured connections, if applicable.
●
Ensure that the network settings comply with the security policies of your company.
Contact your local system administrator or IT department before connecting your
product to your company LAN.
●
When connected to the LAN, the product may potentially be accessed from the
internet, which may be a security risk. For example, attackers might misuse or
damage the product. For more information about IT security and how to operate
the product in a secure LAN environment, see the Rohde & Schwarz white paper
1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10.
NOTICE! Risk of network failure.
►
Consult your network administrator before performing the following tasks:
● Connecting the instrument to the network
● Configuring the network
● Changing IP addresses
● Exchanging hardware
Errors can affect the entire network.
30User Manual 1178.5966.02 ─ 16
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