This document describes the following software options:
●
R&S®SMBV-K52
1415.8148.xx
●
R&S®SMU-K52
1408.7010.02
●
R&S®AMU-K52
1402.9557.02
●
R&S®SMATE-K52
1404.7800.02
●
R&S®SMJ-K52
1404.2106.02
This manual version corresponds to firmware version:
FW 3.20.281.xx and later of the R&S®SMBV100A
FW 2.20.360.142 and later of the R&S®SMU200A, R&S®SMATE200A, R&S®SMJ100A and
R&S®AMU200A
The user documentation for the R&SSignal Generator consists of the following parts:
●
Online Help system on the instrument,
●
"Quick Start Guide" printed manual,
●
Documentation CD-ROM with:
–Online help system (*.chm) as a standalone help,
–Operating Manuals for base unit and options,
–Service Manual,
–Data sheet and specifications,
–Links to useful sites on the R&S internet.
Online Help
The Online Help is embedded in the instrument's firmware. It offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information needed for operation and programming. The
online help contains help on operating the R&S Signal Generator and all available
options.
Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is delivered with the instrument in printed form and in PDF format on the Documentation CD-ROM. It provides the information needed to set up and
start working with the instrument. Basic operations and an example of setup are described. The manual includes also general information, e.g., Safety Instructions.
Operating Manuals
The Operating Manuals are a supplement to the Quick Start Guide. Operating Manuals
are provided for the base unit and each additional (software) option.
These manuals are available in PDF format - in printable form - on the Documentation
CD-ROM delivered with the instrument. In the Operating Manual for the base unit, all
instrument functions are described in detail. Furthermore, it provides an introduction to
remote control and a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples. Information on maintenance, instrument interfaces and error
messages is also given.
In the individual option manuals, the specific functions of the option are described in
detail. For additional information on default settings and parameters, refer to the data
sheets. Basic information on operating the R&S Signal Generator is not included in the
option manuals.
5Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
PrefaceDVB-H
Conventions Used in the Documentation
Service Manual
The Service Manual is available in PDF format - in printable form - on the Documentation CD-ROM delivered with the instrument. It describes how to check compliance with
rated specifications, on instrument function, repair, troubleshooting and fault elimination. It contains all information required for repairing the instrument by the replacement
of modules.
This manual can also be orderd in printed form (see ordering information in the data
sheet).
Release Notes
The release notes describe new and modified functions, eliminated problems, and last
minute changes to the documentation. The corresponding firmware version is indicated
on the title page of the release notes. The current release notes are provided in the
Internet.
Web Help
The web help provides online access to the complete information on operating the
R&S Signal Generator and all available options, without downloading. The content of
the web help corresponds to the user manuals for the latest product version.
The web help is available on the R&S Signal Generator product page at the Downloads > Web Help area.
Application Notes
Application notes, application cards, white papers and educational notes are further
publications that provide more comprehensive descriptions and background information.
The latest versions are available for download from the Rohde & Schwarz website, at
http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/appnotes.
1.2Conventions Used in the Documentation
1.2.1Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
ConventionDescription
"Graphical user interface elements"
KEYSKey names are written in capital letters.
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
6Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
ConventionDescription
PrefaceDVB-H
Conventions Used in the Documentation
File names, commands,
program code
InputInput to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
LinksLinks that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References"References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
1.2.2Notes on Screenshots
File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font.
tion marks.
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as much as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic test situations.
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your particular product configuration.
1.2.3Naming of Software Options
In this operating manual, we explicitly refer to options required for specific functions of
the digital standard.
The name of software options for signal generators vary in the name of the instrument,
but the option name is identical. Therefore we use in this manual the placeholder
R&S SMx/AMU.
Example:
Naming for an option of the vector signal generator R&SSMBV100A, e.g:
●
R&S SMx/AMU-K99, stands for R&S SMBV-K99
The particular software options available for the corresponding instruments are listed
on the back of the title page.
7Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
PrefaceDVB-H
Conventions Used in the Documentation
8Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Modulation System DVB-H
2Introduction
The R&S Signal Generator enables you to generate signals in accordance with the
DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting - Transmission System for Handheld Terminals)
standard.
To playback a signal from a waveform file created by the simulation software
R&S WinIQSIM2, the corresponding R&S WinIQSIM2 digital standard option must be
installed.
2.1Modulation System DVB-H
The following block diagramm shows the components of the DVB-H transmission system.
In this release, only the high-priority input is available.
Fig. 2-1: Components of the Transmission System DVB-H
2.1.1Pseudo Noise Scrambler
The MPEG-2 transport packet stream is organized in fixed packet length of 188 bytes.
This includes 187 data bytes and one sync byte.
9Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Modulation System DVB-H
The data packets of the input stream are transformed to a Pseudo Random Binary
Sequence (PRBS) in order to obtain a bit sequence that has a positive effect on the
transmitted RF spectrum.
The PRBS polynomial is specified as: 1 + x14 + x
15
The PRBS generator is loaded with the sequence "100101010000000" at the start of
every eight transport packet. To provide an initialization signal for the descrambler, the
sync byte of the first transport packet in a group of eight packets is bit-wise inverted
from 0x47 to 0xb8, whereas the sync bytes of the next seven packets remain 0x47.
After that, the PRBS generator runs continuously through the eight packets with a
PRBS period of 1503 bytes (8 packets * 188 bytes - 1sync byte).
2.1.2Outer Coder
The outer coder is a Reed-Solomon encoder RS (204,188, t = 8). The RS coding is
applied to each randomized transport packet (188 byte) to generate an error protected
packet with a length of 204 bytes (188 randomized transport packets + 16 parity bytes).
With this RS code up to eight erroneous bytes can be detected in the transport stream
packet and corrected.
2.1.3Outer Interleaver
The outer interleaver is an convolutional interleaver with I = 12 branches. Each branch
"j" is a FIFO shift register with depth j x 17 cells = 204 bytes.
2.1.4Inner Coder
The inner coder is a punctured convolution code, based on a mother convolutional
code of rate 1/2 with 64 states. The inner coder encodes the input data, punctures certain bits to obtain higher code rates, and serializes the I/Q symbols to be transmitted.
10Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Modulation System DVB-H
The integrated puncturer removes bits from the redundant data stream. Puncturing
slightly impairs the characteristics of the code. The code rates that can be set are 1/2,
2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and 7/8. The code rate can be selected according to the required transmission characteristics of the system.
Table 2-1: Puncturing pattern and transmitted sequence after conversion for the possible code rates
The inner interleaver consists of a bit-wise interleaving followed by symbol interleaving.
Both interleaving processes are block based.
In non-hierarchical mode, the input bit stream for the bit-wise interleaving is multiplexed into v sub-streams depending on the modulation mode with v representing the
number of bits/symbol:
11Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Modulation System DVB-H
Modulation ModeSub-Stream v
QPSK2
16-QAM4
64-QAM6
In hierachical mode, the high priority stream is demultiplexed into two sub-streams and
the low priority stream is demultiplexed into v-2 sub-streams.
The outputs of the v bit interleavers are grouped to form the digital data symbols, such
that each symbol of v bits will consist of exactly one bit from each of the v interleavers.
The purpose of the symbol interleaver is to map v bit words onto 1512 (2K mode),
3024 (4K mode), or 6048 (8K mode) active carriers per OFDM symbol. The symbol
interleaver acts on blocks of 1512 (2K mode), 3024 (4K mode), or 6048 (8K mode)
data symbols. Furthermore, for the interleaver is an in-depth mode available for 2K and
4K in which the interleaver always maps the v bit words onto 6048. This is described in
detail in chapter 2.2.1, "4K Mode and In-Depth Interleavers", on page 14.
2.1.6Mapper
All data carriers in one OFDM symbol are modulated using either QPSK, 16-QAM, or
64-QAM.
Additionally, for the hierarchical mode, non-uniform 16-QAM and non-uniform 64 QAM
constellations are available with different values for parameter α. α ist the minimum
distance separating two constellation points carrying different HP-bit values divided by
the minimum distance separating any two constellation points. For non-hierarchical
transmission, the constellation is shaped as if α is 1.
16 QAM mapping with α = 1
16 QAM mapping with α = 2
12Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Modulation System DVB-H
2.1.7Frame Adaption
The transmitted signal is organized in super-frames. Each super-frame consists of 4
frames.
Each frame contains scattered pilot cells, continual pilot carriers, and TPS carriers. The
pilots can be used for frame synchronization, frequency synchronization, time synchronization, channel estimation, and transmission mode identification.
Each frame consists of 68 OFDM symbols. Each symbol consists of a guard interval
and a useful part. The symbols in an OFDM frame are numbered from 0 to 67.
Fig. 2-3: OFDM frame structure
Each OFDM symbol is constituted by a set of carriers. The number of carriers depends
on the OFDM mode:
OFDM ModeNo. of Carriers
2K1705
4K3409
8K6817
13Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Extensions to DVB-T
2.1.8Transport Parameter Signalling
The Transport Parameter Signalling (TPS) carriers are used to signalling parameters
related to the transmission scheme. The TPS is transmitted parallel on 17 TPS carriers
for the 2K mode, 34 carriers for the 4K mode, and 68 carriers for the 8K mode. Every
TPS carrier in the same symbol conveys the same differentially encoded information
bit.
The TPS parameter bits are described in chapter 3.3, "TPS Settings", on page 26.
2.2Extensions to DVB-T
The Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld (DVB-H) standard is based on the earlier
standard DVB-T, which is used for terrestrial digital broadcasting.
DVB-H provides features to meet the specific requirements for handheld, mobile terminals such as:
●
power off some part of the reception chain to increase the battery duration
●
ease access to the services when receivers switching to the next cell
●
migitate the effects of man-maid noise and severe mobile multipath channels on
the receiving capabilities
●
offer sufficient flexibility and scalability to allow reception of services at various
speeds
●
offer the flexibility to be used in various transmission bands and channel bandwiths
The basic technical extensions that make it possible to receive digital video broadcasting services on handheld terminals are:
●
4K Mode and In-Depth Interleavers
●
Time-Slicing
●
Forward Error Correction for Multiprotocol Encapsulated Data (MPE-FEC)
2.2.14K Mode and In-Depth Interleavers
The additional 4K mode is an trade-off between transmission cell size and mobile
reception capabilities to improve network planning flexibility. The 4K mode is suitable
for single transmitter operation and for small and medium single frequency networks
(SFN). It provides a Doppler tolerance allowing very high speed reception. The mobile
reception is faster compared to the 8K mode and the cell size is bigger compared to
the 2K mode.
The additional in-depth interleavers increase the flexibility of the interleaving for the 2K
and 4K mode. The depth of the inner interleaver is enlarged to four consecutive OFDM
symbols (2K) or to two consecutive OFDM symbols (4K).
14Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Extensions to DVB-T
Fig. 2-4: In-Depth Interleaver for 2K and 4K Mode
2.2.2Time-Slicing
The time-slicing module provided with DVB-H reduces the average power consumption
of the receiving handheld terminals and enables smooth and seamless service handover.
IP datagramms are transmitted as data bursts in small time slots using a significantly
higher instantaneous bit rate compared to traditional streaming bit rates. During the off
times (between the bursts), the receiving handheld is inactive and therefore using less
power.
15Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Extensions to DVB-T
Fig. 2-5: DVB-H Time-Slicing
The point of time when the next burst is transmitted (delta_t) is indicated within the
burst currently being received.
Fig. 2-6: Next Burst Indication
Time-slicing enables a handheld receiver to stay active only for a fraction of time, that
is, when the burst is transmitted. Note that while the receiver is inactive between the
bursts, the transmission stream is constantly on, that is, the transmission stream is
never interrupted. Between the off times of a particular service, other services are
transmitted in bursts in a sequence.
16Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Extensions to DVB-T
In addition, time-slicing allows to use the receiver to monitor neighbouring cells during
the off times. Performing the cell switching during an off time enables a smooth and
seamless service handover.
Time-slicing is mandatory for DVB-H.
2.2.3Forward Error Correction for Multiprotocol Encapsulated Data
(MPE-FEC)
The MPE-FEC module provided with DVB-H impoves the carrier-to-noise (C/N) performance and the Doppler performance in mobile channels and improve the tolerance
to impulse interference.
This is accomplished by adding an additional Reed-Solomon code (RS 255,191) in
conjunction with a block interleaver. The MPE-FEC module provides a specific frame
structure; the MPE-FEC frame. The MPE-FEC frame consists of an application data
table (ADT) with 191 columns for the IP datagramms and an Reed-Solomon data table
(RDT) with 61 columns for the Reed-Solomon parity information.
The IP datagramms are introduced vertically column-by-column. Empty cells and columns are padded with zeros. The RS code is coded line-by-line: For each row of 191
IP datagramm bytes the 64 parity bytes are calculated, using the RS code. This provides a virtual interleaving effect, because all RS data bytes are calculated from the IP
datagramms.
After the coding is finished, the IP datagramms are encapsulated and transmitted in an
MPE section and the parity information data of each column in the RDT table are transmitted in an MPE-FEC section.
17Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
IntroductionDVB-H
Extensions to DVB-T
Fig. 2-7: MPE-FEC Packet/Frame Structure
Transmitting the IP datagramms and parity information data in separate sections
allows the receiver to choose whether to use the MPE-FEC feature or not. If the MPEFEC decoder is not implemented or if the feature is not activated in the receiver, the
transmitted MPE-FEC sections with the parity information data are ignored, that is, only
the payload with the IP datagramms is taken under consideration.
MPE-FEC is optional for DVB-H.
18Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
General Settings
3DVB-H User Interface
The menu for setting the DVB-H digital standard is either called from the baseband
block or from the menu tree under "Baseband."
3.1General Settings
The menu is split into several sections for configuring the standard.
The upper menu section is where the DVB-H digital standard is selected, enabled, and
reset, and where the generated waveform file can be selceted.
In the "Signal Parameters" section, the number of super-frames can be selected and
signal relevant parameters are displayed, if a signal is being generated.
The buttons in the lower menu section lead to submenus to configure the system and
setting the filter, trigger, and clock parameters.
19Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
General Settings
State
Activates the standard and deactivates all the other digital standards and digital modulation modes in the same path.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:STATe on page 48
Set To Default
Calls the default settings. The values of the main parameters are listed in the following
table.
ParameterValue
StateNot affected by "Set to default"
Number of Super-Frames1
Hierarchy ModeNon-hierarchical
HP SorcePN 23
Filter TypeCosine
ClippingOFF
Trigger ModeAuto
Cell IdentificationON
Time-SlicingON
ID [4 hex]0000
MPE-FECOFF
PN ScramblerON
Outer CoderON
Outer InterleaverON
Inner CoderON
Rate1/2
Inner Bit InterleaverON
Inner Symbol InterleaverON
Inner Interleaver ModeNative
TX Mode2 K
OFDM/RF Bandwith8 MHz
ModulationQPSK
Alpha1
Guard Inerval1/8
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:PRESet on page 46
20Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
General Settings
Save/Recall...
Calls the "Save/Recall" dialog.
From the "Save/Recall" dialog, the "File Select" windows for saving and recalling DVBH configurations and the "File Manager" is called.
DVB-H configurations are stored as files with the predefined file extension *.dvb. The
file name and the directory they are stored in are user-definable.
The complete settings in the DVB-H menu are saved and recalled.
"Recall DVB-H
Setting"
"Save DVB-H
Setting"
"File Manager"
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:SETTing:CATalog? on page 47
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:SETTing:LOAD on page 47
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:SETTing:STORe on page 48
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:SETTing:STORe:FAST on page 48
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:SETTing:DELete on page 47
Opens the "File Select" window for loading a saved DVB-H configuration.
The configuration of the selected (highlighted) file is loaded by pressing the "Select" button.
Opens the "File Select" window for saving the current DVB-H signal
configuration.
The name of the file is specified in the File name entry field, the directory selected in the save into field. The file is saved by pressing the
"Save" button.
The "Fast Save" checkbox determines whether the instrument performs an absolute or a differential storing of the settings. Enable this
function to accelerate the saving process by saving only the settings
with values different to the default ones. "Fast Save" is not affected
by the "Preset" function.
Calls the "File Manager".
The dialog is used to copy, delete, and rename files and to create
new directories.
Generate Waveform File…
Calls the "Generate Waveform" dialog. This dialog is used to store the current DVB-H
signal as ARB signal in a waveform file.
This file can be loaded in the ARB menu and processed as multicarrier or multisegment signal.
The file name is entered in the submenu. The file is stored with the predefined file
extension *.wv. The file name and the directory it is stored in are user-definable.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:WAVeform:CREate on page 49
DVB Standard
Selects the DVB standard to be used to generate the modulation signal.
Note: In this release only DVB-H is available.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:STANdard on page 48
21Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
General Settings
Number of Super Frames
Sets the number of the transmitted super-frames. Each super-frame consists of four
OFDM frames.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:SFRames on page 50
Number of Samples
Displays the number of the transmitted samples.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:SAMPle:LENGth? on page 50
Sample Rate
Displays the sample rate.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:SAMPle:RATE? on page 50
Data Rate
Displays the data rate.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:DRATe? on page 49
Duration
Displays the signal duration.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:DURation? on page 49
System Configuration…
Calls the System Configuration menu for configuring the DVB-H system.
The hierarchy mode and the data source are displayed next to the button.
The menu is described in chapter 3.2, "System Configuration", on page 23.
Remote command:
n.a.
TPS Settings…
Calls the "TPS Settings" menu for setting the TPS parameters and viewing the status
of the parameter bits.
The menu is described in chapter 3.3, "TPS Settings", on page 26.
Remote command:
n.a.
Filtering/Clipping
Calls the menu for setting baseband filtering and clipping. The current filter and the
clipping state are displayed next to the button.
The menu is described in chapter 3.4, "Filter / Clipping Settings", on page 31.
Remote command:
n.a.
22Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
System Configuration
Trigger/Marker
Calls the menu for selecting the trigger mode and trigger source, for configuring the
marker signals, and for setting the time delay of an external trigger signal.
This menu is described in chapter 3.5, "Trigger/Marker/Clock Settings", on page 34.
The currently selected trigger mode and trigger source are displayed next to the button.
Remote command:
n.a.
Execute Trigger
Executes the trigger manually. A manual trigger can be executed only if an internal trigger source and a trigger mode other than "Auto" have been selected.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:TRIGger:EXECute on page 56
Arm
Stops signal generation manually. This button appears only with "Running" signal generation in the "Armed_Auto" and "Armed_Retrigger" trigger modes.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:TRIGger:ARM:EXECute on page 56
Clock
Calls the menu for selecting the clock source and for setting a delay.
This menu is described in chapter 3.5.4, "Clock Settings", on page 41.
Remote command:
n.a.
3.2System Configuration
The "System Configuration" dialog allows to configure the DVB system. The DVB system is displayed in form of a block diagram including all parameters necessary to configure the system.
The system diagram depends on the selected "Hierarchy Mode".
23Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
Hierarchy Mode
Selects the hierarchy mode.
"Hierarchical"
"Non-hierarchical"
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT:HMODe on page 69
Both inputs are used. The inputs are identical and simply differ in the
prioritization.
The high priority input is used.
DVB-H User InterfaceDVB-H
System Configuration
HP/LP Source
Selects the data source.
LP is provided in hierarchical mode, see Hierarchy Mode.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT[:HP|LP]:DATA on page 69
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT[:HP|LP]:DATA:DSELection on page 70
PN Scrambler
Activates/deactivates the PN scrambling. The data packets of the incoming transport
stream are transformed to a Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) in order to
obtain a bit sequence that has a positive effect on the transmitted RF spectrum.
For details, refer to chapter 2.1.1, "Pseudo Noise Scrambler", on page 9.
Activates/deactivates the outer coder. The outer coder applies a Reed-Solomon error
correction code to the PRBS data stream. For details, refer to chapter 2.1.2, "Outer
Coder", on page 10.
Remote command:
[:SOURce<hw>]:BB:DVB:DVBH|DVBT[:HP|LP]:OCODer[:STATe] on page 71
24Operating Manual 1008.0970.12 ─ 16
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