R&S®FSV-K7 Analog Demodulation and R&S®FSV-K7S FM Stereo Operating Manual
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Loading...Rohde&Schwarz R&S®FSV-K7 Analog Demodulation and R&S®FSV-K7S FM Stereo Operating Manual User Manual
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation and FM Stereo
Operating Manual
(;ÚÙË2)
1176756102
Version 06
Operating Manual
This manual describes the following R&S®FSV/FSVA options:
●
R&S FSV-K7 (1310.8103.02)
●
R&S FSV-K7S (1310.8126.02)
This manual describes the following R&S FSVA/FSV models with firmware version 3.30 and higher:
●
R&S®FSVA4 (1321.3008K05)
●
R&S®FSVA7 (1321.3008K08)
●
R&S®FSVA13 (1321.3008K14)
●
R&S®FSVA30 (1321.3008K31)
●
R&S®FSVA40 (1321.3008K41)
●
R&S®FSV4 (1321.3008K04)
●
R&S®FSV7 (1321.3008K07)
●
R&S®FSV13 (1321.3008K13)
●
R&S®FSV30 (1321.3008K30)
●
R&S®FSV40 (1321.3008K39/1321.3008K40)
It also applies to the following R&S®FSV models. However, note the differences described in Chapter 1.4,
"Notes for Users of R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx Models", on page 9.
●
R&S®FSV3 (1307.9002K03)
●
R&S®FSV7 (1307.9002K07)
●
R&S®FSV13 (1307.9002K13)
●
R&S®FSV30 (1307.9002K30)
●
R&S®FSV40 (1307.9002K39/1307.9002K40)
© 2019 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1176.7561.02 | Version 06 | R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: R&S®FSV/FSVA is abbreviated as R&S FSV/FSVA.
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
1 Preface.................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Documentation Overview............................................................................................. 5
1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation...................................................................6
1.3 How to Use the Help System........................................................................................7
1.4 Notes for Users of R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx Models.................................................. 9
2 Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7...................................... 10
2.1 Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation........................................................... 10
2.2 Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option.......................................................... 26
2.3 Remote Commands of the Analog Demodulation (R&S FSV–K7)..........................81
3 FM Stereo Option R&S FSV–K7S......................................................188
Contents
Contents
3.1 Instrument Functions FM Stereo (R&S FSV–K7S)................................................. 188
3.2 Remote Commands of the FM Stereo Option (R&S FSV–K7S).............................227
List of Commands..............................................................................251
Index....................................................................................................257
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Contents
4Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
1 Preface
1.1 Documentation Overview
1.1.1 Quick Start Guide
Preface
Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S FSVA/FSV user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S FSVA/FSV product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/FSVA
Introduces the R&S FSVA/FSV and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc. A printed version is delivered with the instrument.
A PDF version is available for download on the Internet.
1.1.2 Operating Manuals and Help
Separate operating manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●
Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application. Basic
information on operating the R&S FSVA/FSV is not included.
The contents of the operating manuals are available as help in the R&S FSVA/FSV.
The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the
base unit and the firmware applications.
All operating manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the
Internet.
1.1.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replacement and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS, https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com).
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
1.1.4 Instrument Security Procedures
1.1.5 Basic Safety Instructions
1.1.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
Preface
Conventions Used in the Documentation
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S FSVA/FSV in secure areas. It is
available for download on the Internet.
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S FSVA/FSV. It also lists
the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/FSV
1.1.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/FSV
1.1.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/FSV
1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation
1.2.1 Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
6Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Preface
How to Use the Help System
Convention Description
"Graphical user interface elements"
[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.
Filenames, commands,
program code
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
Filenames, commands, coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font.
tion marks.
1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions
When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to perform the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is described.
Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked using an additionally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys on the instrument or
the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from the standard operating procedures.
The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on the
touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on a keyboard.
1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as many as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your particular product configuration.
1.3 How to Use the Help System
Calling context-sensitive and general help
► To display the general help dialog box, press the [HELP] key on the front panel.
The help dialog box "View" tab is displayed. A topic containing information about
the current menu or the currently opened dialog box and its function is displayed.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Preface
How to Use the Help System
For standard Windows dialog boxes (e.g. File Properties, Print dialog etc.), no contextsensitive help is available.
► If the help is already displayed, press the softkey for which you want to display
help.
A topic containing information about the softkey and its function is displayed.
If a softkey opens a submenu and you press the softkey a second time, the submenu
of the softkey is displayed.
Contents of the help dialog box
The help dialog box contains four tabs:
●
"Contents" - contains a table of help contents
●
"View" - contains a specific help topic
●
"Index" - contains index entries to search for help topics
●
"Zoom" - contains zoom functions for the help display
To change between these tabs, press the tab on the touchscreen.
Navigating in the table of contents
●
To move through the displayed contents entries, use the [UP ARROW] and [DOWN
ARROW] keys. Entries that contain further entries are marked with a plus sign.
●
To display a help topic, press the [ENTER] key. The "View" tab with the corresponding help topic is displayed.
●
To change to the next tab, press the tab on the touchscreen.
Navigating in the help topics
●
To scroll through a page, use the rotary knob or the [UP ARROW] and [DOWN
ARROW] keys.
●
To jump to the linked topic, press the link text on the touchscreen.
Searching for a topic
1. Change to the "Index" tab.
2. Enter the first characters of the topic you are interested in. The entries starting with
these characters are displayed.
3. Change the focus by pressing the [ENTER] key.
4. Select the suitable keyword by using the [UP ARROW] or [DOWN ARROW] keys
or the rotary knob.
5. Press the [ENTER] key to display the help topic.
The "View" tab with the corresponding help topic is displayed.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
1.4 Notes for Users of R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx Models
Preface
Notes for Users of R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx Models
Changing the zoom
1. Change to the "Zoom" tab.
2. Set the zoom using the rotary knob. Four settings are available: 1-4. The smallest
size is selected by number 1, the largest size is selected by number 4.
Closing the help window
► Press the [ESC] key or a function key on the front panel.
Users of R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx models should consider the following differences to
the description of the newer R&S FSVA/FSV 1321.3008Kxx models:
●
Functions that are based on the Windows 10 operating system (e.g. printing or setting up networks) may have a slightly different appearance or require different settings on the Windows XP based models. For such functions, refer to the Windows
documentation or the documentation originally provided with the R&S FSV instrument.
●
The R&S FSV 1307.9002K03 model is restricted to a maximum frequency of
3 GHz, whereas the R&S FSVA/FSV1321.3008K04 model has a maximum frequency of 4 GHz.
●
The bandwidth extension option R&S FSV-B160 (1311.2015.xx) is not available for
the R&S FSV 1307.9002Kxx models. The maximum usable I/Q analysis bandwidth
for these models is 28 MHz, or with option R&S FSV-B70, 40 MHz.
9Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
2 Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Overview of firmware option R&S FSV–K7
This section contains all information required for operation of an R&S FSVA/FSV
equipped with Application Firmware R&S FSV–K7. It covers operation via menus and
the remote control commands for analog demodulation measurements.
This part of the documentation consists of the following chapters:
●
Chapter 2.1, "Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation", on page 10 describes
the overall instrument functions and provides further information
●
Chapter 2.2.1, "Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation Menu", on page 26 shows
all softkeys available in the "Analog Demod" menu. This chapter also presents the
remote control commands associated with each softkey function.
●
The following chapters describe the softkeys of the other keys for the Analog
Demodulation option.
●
Chapter 2.3, "Remote Commands of the Analog Demodulation (R&S FSV–K7)",
on page 81 describes all remote control commands defined for the analog
demodulation measurement.
This part of the documentation includes only functions of the Application Firmware
R&S FSV–K7. For all other descriptions, please refer to the description of the base
unit.
2.1 Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
The digital signal processing in the R&S FSVA/FSV, used in the analyzer mode for digital IF filters, is also ideally suited for demodulating AM, FM, or PM signals. The firmware option R&S FSV–K7 provides the necessary measurement functions.
The R&S FSVA/FSV is equipped with a demodulator that is capable of performing AM,
FM, and PM demodulation at a time. Additionally maximum, minimum and average or
current values can be obtained parallel over a selected number of measurements.
By sampling (digitization) already at the IF and digital down-conversion to the baseband (I/Q), the demodulator achieves maximum accuracy and temperature stability.
There is no evidence of typical errors of an analog down-conversion and demodulation
like AM to FM conversion and vice versa, deviation error, frequency response or frequency drift at DC coupling.
To open the Analog Demodulation menu
●
If the "Analog Demodulation" mode is not the active measurement mode, press the
[MODE] key and select the "Analog Demodulation" softkey.
●
If the "Analog Demodulation" mode is already active, press the [HOME] or
[MEAS ]key.
The "Analog Demod" menu is displayed (see Chapter 2.2, "Softkeys of the Analog
Demodulation option", on page 26).
10Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
2.1.1 Circuit Description – Block Diagrams............................................................................ 11
2.1.2 Demodulation Bandwidth.............................................................................................. 13
2.1.3 Sample Rate, Measurement Time and Trigger Offset...................................................13
2.1.4 Variable-Sized Capture Buffer.......................................................................................15
2.1.5 AF Trigger..................................................................................................................... 16
2.1.6 Configuring Traces........................................................................................................16
2.1.7 Trace Mode Overview...................................................................................................17
2.1.8 Detector Overview.........................................................................................................19
2.1.9 Stability of Measurement Results..................................................................................20
2.1.10 Measurement Result Display........................................................................................ 20
2.1.11 ASCII File Export Format.............................................................................................. 23
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Further information
2.1.1 Circuit Description – Block Diagrams
The software demodulator runs on the main processor of the analyzer. The demodulation process is shown in Figure 2-1 the figure below. All calculations are performed
simultaneously with the same I/Q data set. Magnitude (= amplitude) and phase of the
complex I/Q pairs are determined. The frequency result is obtained from the differential
phase.
For details on the analyzer signal processing refer to the TRACe:IQ subsystem in the
base unit.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Figure 2-1: Block diagram of software demodulator
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
The AM DC, FM DC and PM DC raw data of the demodulators is fed into the Trace
Arithmetic block that combines consecutive data sets. Possible trace modes are:
Clear Write, Max Hold, Min Hold and Average (for details refer to Chapter 2.1.7, "Trace
Mode Overview", on page 17. The output data of the Trace Arithmetic block can
be read via remote control.
The collected measured values are evaluated by the selected detector (for details refer
to Chapter 2.1.8, "Detector Overview", on page 19. The result is displayed on the
screen and can be read out via remote control.
In addition, important parameters are calculated:
●
A counter determines the modulation frequency for AM, FM, and PM.
●
average power = carrier power (RF power)
●
average frequency = carrier frequency offset (FM)
●
The modulation depth or the frequency or phase deviation is displayed.
●
AC coupling is possible with FM and PM display. The deviations are determined
from the trace data. +Peak, –Peak, ½ Peak-Peak and RMS are displayed.
2.1.2 Demodulation Bandwidth
The demodulation bandwidth is not the 3 dB bandwidth but the useful bandwidth which
is distortion-free with regard to phase and amplitude.
Therefore the following formulas apply:
●
AM: demodulation bandwidth ≥ 2 x modulation frequency
●
FM: demodulation bandwidth ≥ 2 x (frequency deviation + modulation frequency)
●
PM: demodulation bandwidth ≥ 2 x modulation frequency x (1 + phase deviation)
If the center frequency of the analyzer is not set exactly to the signal frequency, the
demodulation bandwidth must be selected larger by the carrier offset, in addition to the
requirement described above. This also applies if FM or PM AC coupling has been
selected.
In general, the demodulation bandwidth should be as narrow as possible to improve
the S/N ratio. The residual FM caused by noise floor and phase noise increases dramatically with the bandwidth, especially with FM.
2.1.3 Sample Rate, Measurement Time and Trigger Offset
Depending on the sample rate, the maximum demodulation bandwidths listed in the
table can be obtained during the measurement. The permissible value range of the
measurement time and trigger offset depends on the selected demodulation bandwidth
and demodulation filter. If the AF filter or the AF trigger are not active, the measurement time increases by 20 %.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Option K7S
The K7S option always uses the demodulation bandwidth 400 kHz.
Table 2-1: Sample Rate, Measurement Time and Trigger Offset using a flat demodulation filter
Demod. band-
Sample rate Measurement time Trigger offset
width
Min. Max. Min. Max.
160 MHz
80 MHz
40 MHz
1)
2)
2)
200 MHz 5 ns 8 ms -8 ms 1.0486 s
128 MHz 7.8125 ns 12.5 ms -12.5 ms 1.6384 s
64 MHz 15.625 ns 25 ms -25 ms 3.2768 s
28 MHz 64 MHz 15.625 ns 25 ms -25 ms 3.2768 s
18 MHz 32 MHz 31.25 ns 50 ms -50 ms 6.5536 s
10 MHz 32 MHz 31.25 ns 50 ms -50 ms 6.5536 s
8 MHz 16 MHz 62.5 ns 100 ms -100 ms 13.1072 s
5 MHz 8 MHz 125 ns 200 ms -200 ms 26.2144 s
3 MHz 4 MHz 250 ns 400 ms -400 ms 52.4288 s
1.6 MHz 2 MHz 500 ns 800 ms -800 ms 104.8576 s
800 kHz 1 MHz 1 µs 1.6 s -1.6 s 209.7152 s
400 kHz 500 kHz 2 µs 3.2 s -3.2 s 419.4304 s
200 kHz 250 kHz 4 µs 6.4 s -6.4 s 838.8608 s
100 kHz 125 kHz 8 µs 12.8 s -12.8 s 1677.7216 s
50 kHz 62.5 kHz 16 µs 25.6 s -25.6 s 3355.4432 s
25 kHz 31.25 kHz 32 µs 51.2 s -51.2 s 6710.8864 s
12.5 kHz 15.625 kHz 64 µs 102.4 s -102.4 s 13421.7728 s
6.4 kHz 7.8125 kHz 128 µs 204.8 s -204.8 s 26843.5456 s
3.2 kHz 3.90625 kHz 256 µs 409.6 s -409.6 s 53687.0912 s
1.6 kHz 1.953125 kHz 512 µs 819.2 s -819.2 s 107374.1824 s
800 Hz 976.5625 Hz 1.024 ms 1638.4 s -1638.4 s 214748.3648 s
400 Hz 488.28125 Hz 2.048 ms 3276.8 s -3276.8 s 429496.7296 s
200 Hz 244.140625 Hz 4.096 ms 6553.6 s -6553.6 s 858993.4592 s
100 Hz 122.0703125Hz8.192 ms 13107.2 s -13107.2 s 1717986.918 s
1)
only available with option R&S FSV-B160
2)
only available with option R&S FSV-B70/R&S FSVA-B40
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Table 2-2: Sample Rate, Measurement Time and Trigger Offset using a Gaussian demodulation filter
Demod. bandwidth
1)
28 MHz
1)
18 MHz
10 MHz 40 MHz 25 ns 40 ms -40 ms 5,242879975 s
8 MHz 32 MHz 31.25 ns 50 ms -50 ms 6.553599969 s
5 MHz 12 MHz 83.33 ns 133.3 ms -80 ms 10,48575995 s
3 MHz 10.666 MHz 93.75 ns 150 ms -133.3 ms 17,47626667 s
1.6 MHz 6.4 MHz 156.25 ns 250 ms -250 ms 32.76799984 s
800 kHz 3.2 MHz 312.5 ns 5 ms -5 ms 65.53599969 s
400 kHz 1.6 MHz 625 ns 1 s -1 s 131.0719994 s
200 kHz 800 kHz 1.25 us 2 s -2 s 262.1439988 s
100 kHz 400 kHz 2.5 us 4 s -4 s 524.2879975 s
50 kHz 200 kHz 5 us 8 s -8 s 1048.575995 s
25 kHz 100 kHz 10 us 16 s -16 s 2097.15199 s
12.5 kHz 50 kHz 20 us 32 s -32 s 4194.30398 s
Sample rate Measurement time Trigger offset
Min. Max. Min. Max.
112 MHz 8.929 ns 14.28 ms -14.28 1.872457134 s
72 MHz 13.88 ns 22.22 ms -22.22 ms 2.912711097 s
6.4 kHz 25.6 kHz 39.0625 us 62.5 s -62.5 s 8191.999961 s
3.2 kHz 12.8 kHz 78.125 us 125 s -125 s 16383.99992 s
1.6 kHz 6.4 kHz 156.25 us 250 s -250 s 32767.99984 s
800 Hz 3.2 kHz 312.5 us 500 s -500 s 65535.99969 s
400 Hz 1.6 kHz 625 us 1000 s -1000 s 131071.9994 s
200 Hz 800 Hz 1.25 ms 2000 s -2000 s 262143.9988 s
100 Hz 400 Hz 2.5 ms 4000 s -4000 s 524287.9975 s
1)
gaussian filter curve is limited by IQ bandwidth
Large numbers of samples
Principally, the R&S FSVA/FSV can handle up to 1.6 million samples. However, when
480 001 samples are exceeded, all traces that are not currently being displayed on a
screen are deactivated to improve performance. The traces can only be activated
again when the samples are reduced.
2.1.4 Variable-Sized Capture Buffer
The capture buffer size is now variable. By default, the size of the capture buffer is
identical to the defined measurement time. However, if you select a larger capture time
manually, you can then scroll through the data in the capture buffer by changing the
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
2.1.5 AF Trigger
2.1.6 Configuring Traces
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
offset of the measurement time from the beginning of the capture buffer. The results,
which are based on the measurement time, are recalculated automatically based on
the new data.
The analog demodulation option allows triggering to the demodulated signal. The display is stable if a minimum of five modulation periods are within the recording time.
Triggering is always DC-coupled. Therefore triggering is possible directly to the point
where a specific carrier level, phase or frequency is exceeded or not attained.
1. To open the trace wizard, press the TRACE key and then the "Trace Wizard" softkey (see "Trace Wizard" on page 61).
Tip: Context-sensitive menus for traces. Traces have context-sensitive menus. If
you right-click on a trace in the display or a trace setting in the information channel
bar (or touch it for about 1 second), a menu is displayed which corresponds to the
softkey functions available for traces. This is useful, for example, when the softkey
display is hidden.
If a menu entry contains an arrow to the right of it, a submenu is available for that
entry.
To close the menu, press the ESC key or click in the display outside of the menu.
2. For each trace you can define the following settings:
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
●
Display Mode
Detector Auto Select Activates automatic detector selection (see Auto Select softkey). If
Trace Detector Defines a specific trace detector. If one of the following settings is
Clear Write
●
Max Hold
●
Min Hold
●
Average
●
View
●
Blank
For details see Chapter 2.1.7, "Trace Mode Overview", on page 17.
activated, the "Trace Detector" setting is ignored.
defined, the "Detector Auto Select" option is deactivated.
●
"Auto Select" on page 59
●
"Auto Peak" on page 60
●
"Positive Peak" on page 60
●
"Negative Peak" on page 60
●
"Sample" on page 60
●
"RMS" on page 60
●
"Average" on page 61
●
"Quasipeak" on page 61
3. To configure several traces to predefined display modes in one step, press the button for the required function:
Preset All Traces Trace 1: Clear Write
Select Max | Avg | Min Trace 1: Max Hold
Select Max | ClrWrite | Min Trace 1: Max Hold
For details see Chapter 2.1.7, "Trace Mode Overview", on page 17.
2.1.7 Trace Mode Overview
The traces can be activated individually for a measurement or frozen after completion
of a measurement. Traces that are not activate are hidden. Each time the trace mode
is changed, the selected trace memory is cleared.
The R&S FSVA/FSV offers 6 different trace modes:
Trace 2-6: Blank
Trace 2: Average
Trace 3: Min Hold
Trace 4-6: Blank
Trace 2: Clear Write
Trace 3: Min Hold
Trace 4-6: Blank
Clear Write
Overwrite mode: the trace is overwritten by each sweep. This is the default setting.
All available detectors can be selected.
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC:MODE WRIT, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:MODE
on page 110
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Max Hold
The maximum value is determined over several sweeps and displayed. The
R&S FSVA/FSV saves the sweep result in the trace memory only if the new value is
greater than the previous one.
The detector is automatically set to "Positive Peak".
This mode is especially useful with modulated or pulsed signals. The signal spectrum
is filled up upon each sweep until all signal components are detected in a kind of envelope.
This mode is not available for statistics measurements.
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC:MODE MAXH, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:MODE
on page 110
Min Hold
The minimum value is determined from several measurements and displayed. The
R&S FSVA/FSV saves the smallest of the previously stored/currently measured values
in the trace memory.
The detector is automatically set to "Negative Peak".
This mode is useful e.g. for making an unmodulated carrier in a composite signal visi-
ble. Noise, interference signals or modulated signals are suppressed whereas a CW
signal is recognized by its constant level.
This mode is not available for statistics measurements.
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC:MODE MINH, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:MODE
on page 110
Average
The average is formed over several sweeps. The Sweep Count determines the number
of averaging procedures.
All available detectors can be selected. If the detector is automatically selected, the
sample detector is used (see Chapter 2.1.8, "Detector Overview", on page 19).
This mode is not available for statistics measurements.
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC:MODE AVER, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:MODE
on page 110
View
The current contents of the trace memory are frozen and displayed.
Note: If a trace is frozen, the instrument settings, apart from level range and reference
level (see below), can be changed without impact on the displayed trace. The fact that
the displayed trace no longer matches the current instrument setting is indicated by the
icon on the tab label.
If the level range or reference level is changed, the R&S FSVA/FSV automatically
adapts the measured data to the changed display range. This allows an amplitude
zoom to be made after the measurement in order to show details of the trace.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
2.1.8 Detector Overview
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC:MODE VIEW, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>:MODE
on page 110
Blank
Hides the selected trace.
Remote command:
DISP:TRAC OFF, see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:TRACe<t>[:STATe] on page 111
The measurement detector for the individual display modes can be selected directly by
the user or set automatically by the R&S FSVA/FSV. The detector activated for the
specific trace is indicated in the corresponding trace display field by an abbreviation.
The detectors of the R&S FSVA/FSV are implemented as pure digital devices. They
collect signal power data within each measured point during a sweep. The default
number of sweep points is 691. The following detectors are available:
Table 2-3: Detector types
Detector Indicator Function
Auto Peak Ap Determines the maximum and the minimum value
within a measurement point (not available for SEM)
Positive Peak Pk Determines the maximum value within a measure-
ment point
Negative Peak (min peak) Mi Determines the minimum value within a measure-
ment point
RMS Rm Determines the root mean square power within a
measurement point
Average Av Determines the linear average power within a mea-
surement point
Sample Sa Selects the last value within a measurement point
The result obtained from the selected detector within a measurement point is displayed
as the power value at this measurement point.
All detectors work in parallel in the background, which means that the measurement
speed is independent of the detector combination used for different traces.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Number of measured values
During a frequency sweep, the R&S FSVA/FSV increments the first local oscillator in
steps that are smaller than approximately 1/10 of the bandwidth. This ensures that the
oscillator step speed is conform to the hardware settling times and does not affect the
precision of the measured power.
The number of measured values taken during a sweep is independent of the number of
oscillator steps. It is always selected as a multiple or a fraction of 691 (= default number of trace points displayed on the screen). Choosing less then 691 measured values
(e.g. 125 or 251) will lead to an interpolated measurement curve, choosing more than
691 points (e.g. 1001, 2001 …) will result in several measured values being overlaid at
the same frequency position.
RMS detector and VBW
If the RMS detector is selected, the video bandwidth in the hardware is bypassed.
Thus, duplicate trace averaging with small VBWs and RMS detector no longer occurs.
However, the VBW is still considered when calculating the sweep time. This leads to a
longer sweep time for small VBW values. Thus, you can reduce the VBW value to achieve more stable trace curves even when using an RMS detector. Normally, if the RMS
detector is used the sweep time should be increased to get more stable trace curves.
2.1.9 Stability of Measurement Results
Despite amplitude and frequency modulation, the display of carrier power and carrier
frequency offset is stable.
This is achieved by a digital filter which sufficiently suppresses the modulation, provided, however, that the measurement time is ≥ 3 x 1 / modulation frequency, i.e. that at
least three periods of the AF signal are recorded.
The mean carrier power for calculating the AM is also calculated with a digital filter that
returns stable results after a measurement time of ≥ 3 x 1 / modulation frequency, i.e.
at least three cycles of the AF signal must be recorded before a stable AM can be
shown.
2.1.10 Measurement Result Display
In Analog Demodulation mode, the measurement results can be displayed in up to 4
different screens (windows), plus an additional marker table, if applicable. Each screen
shows either the measurement results as a diagram or the results of evaluation functions in a table ("Result Summary").
All displays are determined by the I/Q data set recorded for the measurement.
You can define the display configuration for up to 4 different screens at once using the
"Display Config" on page 28 softkey.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Screen configuration
For each screen you can define:
●
Off: Whether it is displayed or not
●
Summary: Whether a result summary for all screens is displayed instead of a diagram
●
AM/FM/PM/RF Diagrams: Which type of diagram is displayed
Diagram types
The following diagram types can be selected for display.
●
AM/FM/PM Time Domain
Selects the AF display in zero span, calculated from the AM, FM, or PM signal.
SCPI command:
CALC:FEED 'XTIM:FM' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED on page 90)
Displays the demodulated FM signal from trace 1 in screen A.
●
AM/FM/PM Spectrum
Selects the display of the AF spectrum. The AF spectrum can be calculated from
the AM, FM, or PM signal in zero span.
SCPI command:
DISP:WIND2:SEL
Sets the focus on screen B.
CALC2:FEED 'XTIMe:FM:AFSPektrum2' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED
on page 90)
Displays an AF spectrum diagram of the demodulated FM signal from trace 2 in screen
B.
●
RF Time Domain
Selects the display of the RF power in zero span. In contrast to normal analyzer
operation, the level values are the magnitude of the I/Q data set.
SCPI command:
CALC:FEED 'XTIM:RFP' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED on page 90)
●
RF Spectrum
Selects the display of the RF signal in span > 0. In contrast to normal spectrum
analyzer operation, the measured values are determined using FFT from the recorded I/Q data set.
SCPI command:
CALC:FEED 'XTIM:SPECTRUM' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED on page 90)
Diagram header information
For each diagram, the header provides the following information:
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
1. Screen A/B/C/D
2. Modulation type
3. Trace color
4. Trace number
5. Detector
6. Trace mode
7. Reference value
8. AF coupling (AC/DC), only in AF time domains, if applicable
Result Summary
The result summary displays the results of the evaluation functions for all channels in a
table.
Summaries that take up the entire width of the screen are displayed as tables; if only
half the screen width is available (2 windows next to each other), the summary is displayed as a list. Thus, the factory-set predefined screen configurations contain only 3
screens: 2 for diagrams and one full-width screen for the summary.
For each channel, the following information is provided:
Label Description
+Peak Positive peak (maximum)
-Peak Negative peak (minimum)
+/-Peak/2 Average of positive and negative peaks
RMS Root Mean Square value
Mod Freq Modulation frequency
22Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
power distortion noise
power total
log20dBSINAD
1
2
2
2
log20
i
i
i
i
U
U
dBTHD
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Label Description
SINAD Signal-to-noise and distortion
Measures the ratio of the total power to the power of noise and harmonic distortions. The noise and harmonic power is calculated
inside the AF spectrum span. The DC offset is removed before the
calculation.
THD Total harmonic distortion
The ratio of the harmonics to the fundamental and harmonics. All
harmonics inside the AF spectrum span are considered up to the
tenth harmonic.
In addition, the following general information for the input signal is provided:
●
Carrier Power
●
Carrier Offset
●
Modulation Depth
2.1.11 ASCII File Export Format
The data of the file header consist of three columns, each separated by a semicolon:
parameter name; numeric value; basic unit. The data section starts with the keyword
"Trace <n>" (<n> = number of stored trace), followed by the measured data in one or
several columns (depending on measurement) which are also separated by a semicolon.
Exporting a single trace vs exporting all traces
Note that the file containing the trace data has a slightly different structure when you
export all traces compared to exporting a single trace only. The differences are indicated in the tables below.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Blue font: Information provided when you export a single trace
Green font: Information provided when you export all traces
Black font: Information provided regardless of the export mode
Header
Type; <instrument_model>; Instrument model
Version;1.00; Firmware version
Date;01. Jan 3000; Date of data set storage
Mode;Receiver; Application
Start;150000.000000;Hz Start frequency of the scan
Stop;100000000.000000;Hz; Stop frequency of the scan
X-Axis;LIN;
Detector;Average; Detector type
X-Unit;Hz;
Y-Unit;dBµV;
Scan Count;1;
Transducer;;;;;;;;
Scale of the x-axis
Unit of the x-axis
Unit of the y-axis
Scan count
Transducer information
Data section (scan ranges)
Scan 1:
Start;150000.000000;Hz; Start frequency of the scan range
Stop;29998500.000000;Hz; Stop frequency of the scan range
Step;4500.000000;Hz; Frequency stepsize applied in the scan range
RBW;9000.000000;Hz; Measurement bandwidth applied in the scan range
Meas Time;0.001000;s; Measurement time in the scan range
Auto Ranging;OFF; State of the auto ranging feature
RF Att;10.000000;dB; Attenuation applied in the scan range
Auto Preamp;OFF;
Preamp;0.000000;dB;
RF Input;1; RF input used in the scan range
Scan 2:
(…)
Data section (traces)
Trace 1:
Trace Mode;CLR/WRITE; Trace mode
Detector;MAX PEAK; Detector type
X-Unit;Hz; Unit of the x-axis
Y-Unit;Hz; Unit of the y-axis
Values;1343; Number of measurement points
150000.000000;3.541122;
154500.000000;5.776306;[...]
Trace 2:
(…)
Preamplifier information for the scan range
String of results
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Instrument Functions Analog Demodulation
Blue font: Information provided when you export a single trace
Green font: Information provided when you export all traces
Black font: Information provided regardless of the export mode
Header
Type; <instrument_model>; Instrument model
Version;1.00; Firmware version
Date;01. Jan 3000; Date of data set storage
Mode;Analyzer; Application
Center Freq;100000000.000000; Center frequency
Freq Offset;0.000000;Hz; Frequency offset
Span;10000000000.000000;Hz;
X-Axis;LIN; Scale of the x-axis
Start;150000.000000:Hz;
Stop;2500000.000000;Hz;
Ref Level;97.000000;dBµV;
Level Offset;0.000000;Hz;
Ref Position;100.000000;%; Reference position
Y-Axis;LOG; Scale of the y-axis
Level Range;100.000000;dB; Range of the y-axis
Rf Att;10.000000;dB; RF attenuation
RBW;3000000.000000;Hz; Resolution bandwidth
VBW;300000.000000;Hz; Video bandwidth
SWT;0.002000;s; Sweep time
Trace mode;CLR/WRITE; Trace mode
Detector;AUTOPEAK; Detector type
X-Unit;Hz; Unit of the x-axis
Y-Unit;Hz; Unit of the y-axis
Preamplifier;OFF; State of the preamplifier
Transducer;OFF; Transducer information
Sweep Count;0; Sweep / average count
Frequency span
Start frequency
Stop frequency
Reference level
Reference level offset
Data section (traces)
Trace 1:
Trace Mode;CLR/WRITE; Trace mode
Detector;MAX PEAK; Detector type
X-Unit;Hz; Unit of the x-axis
Y-Unit;Hz; Unit of the y-axis
Preamplifier;OFF; State of the preamplifier
Transducer;OFF; Transducer information
Values;691; Number of measurement points
150000.000000;3.541122;
154500.000000;5.776306;[...]
Trace 2:
(…)
String of results
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
2.2 Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
Apart from the power measurement menu ([MEAS] key) that is not available in the
"Analog Demodulation" mode, all other menus not described here are provided as
described for the base unit. For details refer to the corresponding menu descriptions.
Importing and Exporting I/Q Data
I/Q data that was captured in the R&S FSV-K7 application can now be exported to a
file on the R&S FSVA/FSV. The stored data can then be imported again at a later time,
also by different applications, for further processing.
As opposed to storing trace data, which may be averaged or restricted to peak values,
I/Q data is stored as it was captured, without further processing. The data is stored as
complex values in 32-bit floating-point format. The I/Q data is stored in a packed format
with the file extension .iq.tar.
The "Import" and "Export" functions are available from the "Save/Recall" menu, which
is displayed when you press the [Save/Rcl] key on the front panel. For details see
"Importing and Exporting I/Q Data" in the base unit description.
To display help to a softkey, press the [HELP] key and then the softkey for which you
want to display help. To close the help window, press the ESC key. For further information refer to Chapter 1.3, "How to Use the Help System", on page 7.
● Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation Menu...........................................................26
● Softkeys of the Frequency Menu – FREQ Key (Analog Demodulation)................. 40
● Softkeys of the Span Menu – SPAN Key (Analog Demodulation).......................... 42
● Softkeys of the Amplitude Menu – AMPT Key (Analog Demodulation).................. 43
● Softkeys of the Auto Set menu - AUTO SET Key (Analog Demodulation)............. 49
● Softkeys of the Bandwidth Menu – BW Key (Analog Demodulation)......................51
● Softkeys of the Sweep Menu – SWEEP Key (Analog Demodulation).................... 55
● Softkeys of the Trace Menu – TRACE key (Analog Demodulation)........................57
● Softkeys of the Trigger Menu – TRIG Key (Analog Demodulation)........................ 63
● Softkeys of the Marker Menu – MKR key (Analog Demodulation)..........................67
● Softkeys of the Marker Function Menu – MKR FUNC Key (Analog Demodulation)
................................................................................................................................ 71
● Softkeys of the Input/Output Menu..........................................................................76
2.2.1 Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation Menu
The following table shows all softkeys available in the "Analog Demod" menu.
AM.................................................................................................................................28
└ Display Config.................................................................................................28
└ Screen A-D........................................................................................... 28
└ Predefined............................................................................................ 29
└ Add............................................................................................. 30
└ Apply...........................................................................................30
└ Remove...................................................................................... 30
└ Restore.......................................................................................30
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
└ Select Trace....................................................................................................30
└ Demod BW......................................................................................................30
└ Meas Time...................................................................................................... 31
└ AF Filter.......................................................................................................... 31
└ High Pass............................................................................................. 31
└ Low Pass.............................................................................................. 31
└ Weighting..............................................................................................32
└ None...........................................................................................32
└ CCITT.........................................................................................32
└ CCIR Unweighted.......................................................................32
└ CCIR Weighted...........................................................................33
└ A Weighted.................................................................................33
└ Deemphasis..........................................................................................33
└ All AF Filter Off..................................................................................... 34
└ AF Range........................................................................................................34
└ Dev per Division....................................................................................34
└ Reference Position............................................................................... 34
└ Reference Value................................................................................... 34
└ AF Coupling AC/DC..............................................................................35
└ Deviation Lin/Log..................................................................................35
└ Unit....................................................................................................... 35
└ Phase Unit (Rad/Deg)................................................................ 35
└ THD Unit (% / DB)...................................................................... 35
└ Abs. Dev Unit (kHz/dBm)............................................................36
└ Rel. Dev Unit (dB / %)................................................................ 36
└ Time Domain Zoom.........................................................................................36
└ State On / Off........................................................................................36
└ Start...................................................................................................... 36
└ Length Manual......................................................................................36
└ Length Auto.......................................................................................... 36
└ Squelch...........................................................................................................37
└ Squelch Level................................................................................................. 37
FM.................................................................................................................................37
└ Display Config.................................................................................................37
└ Select Trace....................................................................................................37
└ Demod BW......................................................................................................37
└ Meas Time...................................................................................................... 37
└ AF Filter.......................................................................................................... 37
└ AF Range........................................................................................................37
└ Time Domain Zoom.........................................................................................37
└ Squelch...........................................................................................................37
└ Squelch Level................................................................................................. 38
PM.................................................................................................................................38
└ Display Config.................................................................................................38
└ Select Trace....................................................................................................38
└ Demod BW......................................................................................................38
└ Meas Time...................................................................................................... 38
└ AF Filter.......................................................................................................... 38
└ AF Range........................................................................................................38
└ Time Domain Zoom.........................................................................................38
27Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
└ Squelch...........................................................................................................38
└ Squelch Level................................................................................................. 38
└ Zero Phase Reference Point...........................................................................38
└ Phase Wrap On/Off.........................................................................................39
RF Power...................................................................................................................... 39
└ Display Config.................................................................................................39
└ Select Trace....................................................................................................39
└ Demod BW......................................................................................................39
└ Meas Time...................................................................................................... 39
└ AF Filter.......................................................................................................... 39
└ AF Range........................................................................................................39
└ Time Domain Zoom.........................................................................................39
└ Squelch...........................................................................................................39
└ Squelch Level................................................................................................. 39
Display Config...............................................................................................................40
AM
Selects AM as the modulation type, changes the signal display, and opens a submenu
to set the measurement configuration.
In single sweep mode, the data is determined from the current I/Q data set, i.e. a
change to a different type does not trigger a new measurement.
This menu is also displayed when you press the [MEAS CONFIG] key after changing
the modulation type.
Remote command:
CALC:FEED 'XTIM:AM' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED on page 90)
Display Config ← AM
You configure the display settings for the results in the "Display Configuration" dialog
box. This dialog box contains the following tabs:
●
"Screen A-D": a separate tab for each of the four available screens
●
"Predefined": for predefined display configurations
Screen A-D ← Display Config ← AM
For each of the four available screens you can configure what is to be displayed. To
define the result display configuration for a screen, select the corresponding tab. For
each screen you can define:
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
●
Off: Whether it is displayed or not
●
Summary: Whether a summary of the evaluation lists from all screens is displayed
instead of a diagram
●
AM/FM/PM/RF Diagrams: Which type of diagram is displayed
For details on the result diagram types, see Chapter 2.1.10, "Measurement Result
Display", on page 20.
Note: By default, the diagram or summary displays the data from trace 1. To change
the trace, use the Select Trace softkey.
Remote command:
DISP:WIND2:STAT ON (see DISPlay[:WINDow<n>]:STATe on page 109 )
Displays second window (Screen B).
CALC2:FEED 'XTIMe:FM:AFSPektrum1' (see CALCulate<n>:FEED
on page 90)
Displays an AF spectrum diagram of the demodulated FM signal from trace 1 in screen
B.
Predefined ← Display Config ← AM
You can store and load predefined screen configurations. All available configurations
are displayed in the "Predefined" tab. The current screen configuration is indicated
under "Current" at the top of the list.
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R&S® FSV-K7/K7S
Analog Demodulation Option R&S FSV–K7
Softkeys of the Analog Demodulation option
Add ← Predefined ← Display Config ← AM
Opens an edit dialog box to enter a name for the current screen configuration. The
configuration is then stored and added to the list.
Apply ← Predefined ← Display Config ← AM
Applies the currently selected configuration from the list to the current display.
Remove ← Predefined ← Display Config ← AM
Removes the currently selected configuration from the list.
Restore ← Predefined ← Display Config ← AM
Restores the default display configurations. Existing configurations with the default
names are replaced.
Select Trace ← AM
Opens an edit dialog box to enter the number of the trace for which the data is to be
displayed in the currently selected screen. Only activated traces can be selected.
Demod BW ← AM
Opens an edit dialog box to enter the demodulation bandwidth of the analog demodulation. The demodulation bandwidth determines the sampling rate for recording the signal to be analyzed. For details on the relation between demodulation bandwidth and
sampling rate refer to Chapter 2.1.3, "Sample Rate, Measurement Time and Trigger
Offset", on page 13.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]BANDwidth|BWIDth:DEMod on page 147
30Operating Manual 1176.7561.02 ─ 06
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