R&S®FSMR3-K6
Pulse Measurement Option
User Manual
(;Ý]52)
1179450502
Version 02
This document describes the following R&S®FSMR3000 models:
●
R&S®FSMR3008 (1345.4004K08)
●
R&S®FSMR3026 (1345.4004K26)
●
R&S®FSMR3050 (1345.4004K50)
The contents of this manual correspond to firmware version 1.10 and higher.
The following firmware options are described:
●
R&S FSMR3-K6 (1345.3137.02)
© 2022 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Muenchen, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1179.4505.02 | Version 02 | R&S®FSMR3-K6
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, e.g. R&S®FSMR3 is indicated as
R&S FSMR3.
R&S®FSMR3-K6
1 Documentation overview.......................................................................9
1.1 Getting started manual................................................................................................. 9
1.2 User manuals and help.................................................................................................9
1.3 Service manual..............................................................................................................9
1.4 Instrument security procedures................................................................................ 10
1.5 Printed safety instructions.........................................................................................10
1.6 Data sheets and brochures........................................................................................ 10
1.7 Release notes and open-source acknowledgment (OSA).......................................10
1.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc......................................... 10
2 Welcome to the pulse measurements application............................ 11
Contents
Contents
2.1 Starting the pulse application.................................................................................... 11
2.2 Understanding the display information.................................................................... 12
3 Measurements and result displays.................................................... 15
3.1 Pulse parameters........................................................................................................ 15
3.1.1 Timing parameters........................................................................................................ 16
3.1.2 Power/amplitude parameters........................................................................................ 19
3.1.3 Frequency parameters.................................................................................................. 23
3.1.4 Phase parameters.........................................................................................................24
3.1.5 Envelope model (cardinal data points) parameters.......................................................25
3.2 Evaluation methods for pulse measurements......................................................... 29
4 Measurement basics............................................................................41
4.1 Parameter definitions................................................................................................. 41
4.1.1 Amplitude droop............................................................................................................ 42
4.1.2 Ripple............................................................................................................................ 42
4.1.3 Overshoot......................................................................................................................44
4.2 Pulse detection............................................................................................................44
4.3 Parameter spectrum calculation................................................................................46
4.4 Basics on input from I/Q data files............................................................................ 49
4.5 Trace evaluation..........................................................................................................50
4.5.1 Trace statistics.............................................................................................................. 51
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4.5.2 Normalizing traces........................................................................................................ 51
5 Configuration........................................................................................55
5.1 Configuration overview.............................................................................................. 55
5.2 Signal description....................................................................................................... 57
5.3 Input and output settings........................................................................................... 60
5.3.1 Input source settings..................................................................................................... 60
5.3.1.1 Radio frequency input................................................................................................... 60
5.4 Frontend settings........................................................................................................63
5.4.1 Frequency settings........................................................................................................63
5.4.2 Amplitude settings.........................................................................................................64
5.5 Trigger settings........................................................................................................... 67
5.6 Data acquisition.......................................................................................................... 72
Contents
5.7 Sweep settings............................................................................................................ 75
5.8 Pulse detection............................................................................................................76
5.9 Pulse measurement settings..................................................................................... 79
5.9.1 Measurement levels...................................................................................................... 79
5.9.2 Measurement point....................................................................................................... 82
5.9.3 Measurement range...................................................................................................... 84
5.10 Automatic settings......................................................................................................86
6 Analysis................................................................................................ 87
6.1 Result configuration................................................................................................... 87
6.1.1 Pulse selection.............................................................................................................. 87
6.1.2 Result range..................................................................................................................88
6.1.3 Result range spectrum configuration............................................................................ 89
6.1.4 Result range frequency configuration........................................................................... 91
6.1.5 Parameter configuration for result displays...................................................................91
6.1.5.1 Parameter distribution configuration............................................................................. 91
6.1.5.2 Parameter spectrum configuration................................................................................ 93
6.1.5.3 Parameter trend configuration.......................................................................................95
6.1.6 Table configuration........................................................................................................97
6.1.6.1 Limit settings for table displays..................................................................................... 97
6.1.7 Y-Scaling....................................................................................................................... 99
6.1.8 Units............................................................................................................................ 101
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6.2 Display configuration............................................................................................... 102
6.3 Markers...................................................................................................................... 102
6.3.1 Individual marker settings........................................................................................... 103
6.3.2 General marker settings..............................................................................................106
6.3.3 Marker search settings................................................................................................107
6.3.4 Marker positioning functions....................................................................................... 108
6.4 Trace configuration...................................................................................................109
6.5 Trace / data export configuration.............................................................................113
6.6 Export functions........................................................................................................115
7 Export functions.................................................................................118
8 How to perform measurements in the pulse application............... 121
8.1 How to perform a standard pulse measurement....................................................121
Contents
8.2 How to configure a limit check for a pulse measurement.....................................122
8.3 How to export table data.......................................................................................... 123
9 Remote commands for pulse measurements................................. 125
9.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 125
9.1.1 Conventions used in descriptions............................................................................... 126
9.1.2 Long and short form.................................................................................................... 127
9.1.3 Numeric suffixes..........................................................................................................127
9.1.4 Optional keywords.......................................................................................................127
9.1.5 Alternative keywords................................................................................................... 128
9.1.6 SCPI parameters.........................................................................................................128
9.1.6.1 Numeric values........................................................................................................... 128
9.1.6.2 Boolean....................................................................................................................... 129
9.1.6.3 Character data............................................................................................................ 130
9.1.6.4 Character strings.........................................................................................................130
9.1.6.5 Block data................................................................................................................... 130
9.2 Common suffixes...................................................................................................... 130
9.3 Activating pulse measurements.............................................................................. 131
9.4 Signal description..................................................................................................... 134
9.5 Input/output settings.................................................................................................137
9.5.1 RF input.......................................................................................................................137
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9.5.2 Input from I/Q data files...............................................................................................141
9.5.3 Configuring the outputs............................................................................................... 141
9.6 Frontend configuration.............................................................................................141
9.6.1 Frequency................................................................................................................... 142
9.6.2 Amplitude settings.......................................................................................................143
9.6.3 Configuring the attenuation......................................................................................... 146
9.7 Triggering measurements........................................................................................ 147
9.7.1 Configuring the triggering conditions...........................................................................147
9.7.2 Configuring the trigger output......................................................................................151
9.8 Data acquisition........................................................................................................ 153
9.9 Pulse detection..........................................................................................................156
9.10 Configuring the pulse measurement.......................................................................159
9.10.1 Measurement levels.................................................................................................... 159
Contents
9.10.2 Measurement point..................................................................................................... 162
9.10.3 Measurement range.................................................................................................... 164
9.11 Configuring and performing sweeps...................................................................... 166
9.12 Configuring the results.............................................................................................171
9.12.1 Selecting the pulse......................................................................................................171
9.12.2 Defining the result range............................................................................................. 171
9.12.3 Configuring a parameter distribution........................................................................... 173
9.12.4 Configuring a parameter spectrum..............................................................................180
9.12.5 Configuring a pulse-pulse spectrum............................................................................186
9.12.6 Configuring a parameter trend.................................................................................... 189
9.12.7 Configuring a result range spectrum........................................................................... 208
9.12.8 Configuring the statistics and parameter tables.......................................................... 209
9.12.9 Configuring limit checks.............................................................................................. 227
9.12.10 Configuring the Y-Axis scaling and units..................................................................... 231
9.13 Configuring the result display................................................................................. 235
9.13.1 General window commands........................................................................................235
9.13.2 Working with windows in the display...........................................................................236
9.14 Configuring standard traces.................................................................................... 243
9.15 Working with markers...............................................................................................248
9.15.1 Individual marker settings........................................................................................... 248
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9.15.2 General marker settings..............................................................................................253
9.15.3 Positioning the marker................................................................................................ 256
9.15.3.1 Positioning normal markers.........................................................................................256
9.15.3.2 Positioning delta markers............................................................................................258
9.16 Retrieving results......................................................................................................260
9.16.1 Retrieving and storing trace data................................................................................ 260
9.16.2 Retrieving information on detected pulses.................................................................. 264
9.16.3 Retrieving parameter results....................................................................................... 269
9.16.3.1 Retrieving power / amplitude parameters................................................................... 270
9.16.3.2 Retrieving timing parameters...................................................................................... 287
9.16.3.3 Retrieving frequency parameters................................................................................ 296
9.16.3.4 Retrieving phase parameters...................................................................................... 301
9.16.3.5 Retrieving envelope model parameters...................................................................... 305
Contents
9.16.4 Retrieving limit results................................................................................................. 319
9.16.5 Exporting trace results to an ASCII file....................................................................... 321
9.16.6 Exporting table results to an ASCII file........................................................................323
9.17 Retrieving marker results.........................................................................................325
9.18 Deprecated commands.............................................................................................326
9.19 Programming example: pulse measurement......................................................... 327
Annex.................................................................................................. 333
A Reference: ASCII file export format..................................................335
B Effects of large gauss filters.............................................................337
C I/Q data file format (iq-tar)................................................................. 338
C.1 I/Q parameter XML file specification....................................................................... 339
C.1.1 Minimum data elements.............................................................................................. 339
C.1.2 Example...................................................................................................................... 341
C.2 I/Q data binary file..................................................................................................... 343
List of Commands (Pulse).................................................................346
Index....................................................................................................364
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Contents
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1 Documentation overview
1.1 Getting started manual
Documentation overview
Service manual
This section provides an overview of the R&S FSMR3 user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S FSMR3 product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/product/FSMR3000.html/
Introduces the R&S FSMR3 and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for download on the Internet.
1.2 User manuals and help
Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages.
●
Firmware application manual
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application, including remote control commands. Basic information on operating the R&S FSMR3 is
not included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S FSMR3. The help
offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit and
the firmware applications.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
1.3 Service manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replacement and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
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1.4 Instrument security procedures
1.5 Printed safety instructions
1.6 Data sheets and brochures
Documentation overview
Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc.
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S FSMR3 in secure areas. It is
available for download on the Internet.
Provides safety information in many languages. The printed document is delivered with
the product.
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S FSMR3. It also lists the
firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/FSMR3000/
1.7 Release notes and open-source acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/FSMR3000/
1.8 Application notes, application cards, white papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/FSMR3000/
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2 Welcome to the pulse measurements appli-
Welcome to the pulse measurements application
Starting the pulse application
cation
The R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application is a firmware application that adds functionality
to perform measurements on pulsed signals to the R&S FSMR3.
The R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application provides measurement and analysis functions
for pulse signals frequently used in radar applications, for example.
The R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application (R&S FSMR3-K6) features:
●
Automated measurement of many pulse parameters including timing, amplitude,
frequency and phase parameters
●
Statistical analysis of pulse parameters
●
Analysis of "parameter trends" over time and frequency
●
Visualization of the dependency between parameters
●
Display of amplitude, frequency, phase and power spectrum measurement traces
for individual pulses
This user manual contains a description of the functionality that the application provides, including remote control operation.
Functions that are not discussed in this manual are the same as in the Spectrum application and are described in the R&S FSMR3 User Manual. The latest version is available for download at the product homepage:
Installation
You can find detailed installation instructions in the R&S FSMR3 Getting Started manual or in the Release Notes.
2.1 Starting the pulse application
Pulse measurements require a separate application on the R&S FSMR3.
To activate the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application
1. Press the [MODE] key on the front panel of the R&S FSMR3.
A dialog box opens that contains all operating modes and applications currently
available on your R&S FSMR3.
2. Select the "Pulse" item.
The R&S FSMR3 opens a new measurement channel for the R&S FSMR3000
Pulse application.
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Welcome to the pulse measurements application
Understanding the display information
The measurement is started immediately with the default settings. It can be configured
in the Pulse "Overview" dialog box, which is displayed when you select the "Overview"
softkey from any menu (see Chapter 5.1, "Configuration overview", on page 55).
Multiple Measurement Channels and Sequencer Function
When you activate an application, a new measurement channel is created which determines the measurement settings for that application. The same application can be activated with different measurement settings by creating several channels for the same
application.
The number of channels that can be configured at the same time depends on the available memory on the instrument.
Only one measurement can be performed at any time, namely the one in the currently
active channel. However, in order to perform the configured measurements consecutively, a Sequencer function is provided.
If activated, the measurements configured in the currently active channels are performed one after the other in the order of the tabs. The currently active measurement is
indicated by a
are updated in the tabs (including the "MultiView") as the measurements are performed. Sequential operation itself is independent of the currently displayed tab.
symbol in the tab label. The result displays of the individual channels
For details on the Sequencer function see the R&S FSMR3 User Manual.
2.2 Understanding the display information
The following figure shows a measurement diagram during analyzer operation. All different information areas are labeled. They are explained in more detail in the following
sections.
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Welcome to the pulse measurements application
Understanding the display information
1
2 3
4
5
6
1 = Channel bar for firmware and measurement settings
2+3 = Window title bar with diagram-specific (trace) information
4 = Diagram area
5 = Diagram footer with diagram-specific information, depending on measurement
6 = Instrument status bar with error messages, progress bar and date/time display
Channel bar information
In the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application, the R&S FSMR3 shows the following settings:
Table 2-1: Information displayed in the channel bar in the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application
Ref Level Reference level
Att *) RF attenuation
Freq *) Center frequency for the RF signal
Meas Time Measurement time (data acquisition time)
Meas BW *) Measurement bandwidth
SRate Sample rate
SGL The sweep is set to single sweep mode.
*) If the input source is an I/Q data file, most measurement settings related to data acquisition are not
known and thus not displayed.
In addition, the channel bar also displays information on instrument settings that affect
the measurement results even though this is not immediately apparent from the display
of the measured values (e.g. transducer or trigger settings). This information is dis-
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Welcome to the pulse measurements application
Understanding the display information
played only when applicable for the current measurement. For details see the
R&S FSMR3 Getting Started manual.
Window title bar information
For each diagram, the header provides the following information:
Figure 2-1: Window title bar information in the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application
1 = Window number
2 = Window type
3 = Trace color
4 = Trace number
6 = Trace mode
Diagram footer information
The diagram footer (beneath the diagram) contains the start and stop values for the
displayed time range.
Status bar information
Global instrument settings, the instrument status and any irregularities are indicated in
the status bar beneath the diagram. Furthermore, the progress of the current operation
is displayed in the status bar.
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3 Measurements and result displays
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
During a pulse measurement, I/Q data from the input signal is captured for a specified
time or for a specified record length. Pulses are detected from the signal according to
specified thresholds and user-defined criteria. The measured signal is then compared
with the ideal signal described by the user and any deviations are recorded. The
defined range of measured data is then evaluated to determine characteristic pulse
parameters. These parameters can either be displayed as traces, in a table, or be evaluated statistically over a series of measurements.
Measurement range vs. result range vs. detection range
The measurement range defines which part of an individual pulse is measured (for
example for frequency deviation), whereas the result range determines which data is
displayed on the screen in the form of amplitude, frequency or phase vs. time traces.
The detection range (if enabled) determines which part of the capture buffer is analyzed. The pulse numbers in the result displays are always relative to the current
detection range, that is: pulse number 1 is the first pulse within the detection range in
the capture buffer. If disabled (default), the entire capture buffer is used as the detection range. See also "Detection range" on page 46.
● Pulse parameters....................................................................................................15
● Evaluation methods for pulse measurements.........................................................29
3.1 Pulse parameters
The pulse parameters to be measured are based primarily on the IEEE 181 Standard
181-2003. For detailed descriptions refer to the standard documentation ("IEEE Standard on Transitions, Pulses, and Related Waveforms", from the IEEE Instrumentation
and Measurement (I&M) Society, 7 July 2003).
The following graphic illustrates the main pulse parameters and characteristic values.
(For a definition of the values used to determine the measured pulse parameters see
Chapter 4.1, "Parameter definitions", on page 41.)
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Figure 3-1: Definition of the main pulse parameters and characteristic values
In order to obtain these results, select the corresponding parameter in the result configuration (see Chapter 6.1, "Result configuration", on page 87) or apply the required
SCPI parameter to the remote command (see Chapter 9.12, "Configuring the results",
on page 171 and Chapter 9.16, "Retrieving results", on page 260).
● Timing parameters.................................................................................................. 16
● Power/amplitude parameters.................................................................................. 19
● Frequency parameters............................................................................................23
● Phase parameters...................................................................................................24
● Envelope model (cardinal data points) parameters.................................................25
3.1.1 Timing parameters
The following timing parameters can be determined by the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse
application.
Timestamp.....................................................................................................................17
Settling Time................................................................................................................. 17
Rise Time......................................................................................................................17
Fall Time........................................................................................................................17
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Pulse Width (ON Time)................................................................................................. 18
Off Time.........................................................................................................................18
Duty Ratio..................................................................................................................... 18
Duty Cycle (%).............................................................................................................. 18
Pulse Repetition Interval............................................................................................... 18
Pulse Repetition Frequency (Hz).................................................................................. 19
Timestamp
The time stamp uniquely identifies each pulse in the capture buffer. It is defined as the
time from the capture start point to the beginning of the pulse period of the current
pulse. (As opposed to the pulse number, which is always relative to the start of the
detection range, see also "Detection range" on page 46).
Depending on the user-specified definition of the pulse period, the period begins with
the mid-level crossing of the current pulse's rising edge (period: high-to-low) or the
mid-level crossing of the previous pulse's falling edge (period low-to-high). See also
"Pulse Period" on page 58.
Note: For external triggers, the trigger point within the sample (TPIS) is considered in
the timestamp (see TRACe:IQ:TPISample? on page 269).
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:TSTamp? on page 295
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:TSTamp on page 227
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:TSTamp:LIMit? on page 321
Settling Time
The difference between the time at which the pulse exceeds the mid threshold on the
rising edge to the point where the pulse waveform remains within the pulse boundary
(ON Inner/ ON Outer)
See Figure 3-1
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:SETTling? on page 294
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:SETTling on page 227
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:SETTling:LIMit? on page 321
Rise Time
The time required for the pulse to transition from the base to the top level. This is the
difference between the time at which the pulse exceeds the lower and upper thresholds.
See Figure 3-1
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:RISE? on page 293
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:RISE on page 227
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:RISE:LIMit? on page 320
Fall Time
The time required for the pulse to transition from the top to the base level. This is the
difference between the time at which the pulse drops below the upper and lower
thresholds.
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
See Figure 3-1
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:FALL? on page 289
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:FALL on page 225
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:FALL:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse Width (ON Time)
The time that the pulse remains at the top level ("ON"). This is the time between the
first positive edge and the subsequent negative edge of the pulse in seconds, where
the edges occur at crossings of the mid threshold.
See Figure 3-1
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PWIDth? on page 293
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:PWIDth on page 226
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PWIDth:LIMit? on page 320
Off Time
The time that the pulse remains at the base level ("OFF"). This is the time between the
first negative edge and the subsequent positive edge of the pulse in seconds, where
the edges occur at crossings of the mid threshold.
See Figure 3-1
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:OFF? on page 290
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:OFF on page 226
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:OFF:LIMit? on page 320
Duty Ratio
The ratio of the "Pulse Width" to "Pulse Repetition Interval" expressed as a value
between 0 and 1 (requires at least two measured pulses)
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:DRATio? on page 289
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:DRATio on page 225
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:DRATio:LIMit? on page 320
Duty Cycle (%)
The ratio of the "Pulse Width" to "Pulse Repetition Interval" expressed as a percentage
(requires at least two measured pulses)
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:DCYCle? on page 288
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:DCYCle on page 225
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:DCYCle:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse Repetition Interval
The time between two consecutive edges of the same polarity in seconds (requires at
least two measured pulses). The user-specified definition of the pulse period
(see"Pulse Period" on page 58) determines whether this value is calculated from consecutive rising or falling edges.
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3.1.2 Power/amplitude parameters
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PRI? on page 292
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:PRI on page 226
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PRI:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse Repetition Frequency (Hz)
The frequency of occurrence of pulses, i.e. inverse of the "Pulse Repetition Interval"
(requires at least two measured pulses)
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PRF? on page 291
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:TIMing:PRF on page 226
[SENSe:]PULSe:TIMing:PRF:LIMit? on page 320
The following power/amplitude parameters can be determined by the R&S FSMR3000
Pulse application.
Top Power..................................................................................................................... 19
Base Power...................................................................................................................19
Pulse Amplitude............................................................................................................ 20
In-Phase Amplitude/Quadrature Amplitude...................................................................20
Average ON Power....................................................................................................... 20
Average Tx Power.........................................................................................................20
Minimum Power............................................................................................................ 20
Peak Power...................................................................................................................21
Peak-to-Avg ON Power Ratio........................................................................................21
Peak-to-Average Tx Power Ratio..................................................................................21
Peak-to-Min Power Ratio.............................................................................................. 21
Droop............................................................................................................................ 21
Ripple............................................................................................................................22
Overshoot......................................................................................................................22
Power (at Point)............................................................................................................ 22
Pulse-to-Pulse Power Ratio.......................................................................................... 22
Top Power
The median pulse ON power. The value of this parameter is used as a reference
(100%) to determine other parameter values such as the rising / falling thresholds. Various algorithms are provided to determine the top power (see "Measurement Algo-
rithm" on page 81).
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:TOP? on page 286
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:TOP on page 224
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:TOP:LIMit? on page 320
Base Power
The median pulse OFF power. The value of this parameter is used as a reference (0%)
to determine other parameter values such as the rising / falling thresholds.
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:BASE? on page 276
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:BASE on page 221
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:BASE:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse Amplitude
The difference between the "Top Power" and the "Base Power", calculated in linear
power units (W). This value determines the 100% power range (amplitude). This value
is converted to dBm for the "Pulse Results" table.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude? on page 273
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:AMPLitude on page 220
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude:LIMit? on page 320
In-Phase Amplitude/Quadrature Amplitude
The pulse in-phase or quadrature amplitude as a voltage, measured at the measurement point of the pulse (see Chapter 5.9.2, "Measurement point", on page 82). Values
range from -10 mV to +10 mV.
Remote command:
Querying results:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude:I? on page 274
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude:Q? on page 275
Including results in result summary table:
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:AMPLitude:I on page 220
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:AMPLitude:Q on page 220
Querying limit check results:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude:I:LIMit? on page 320
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AMPLitude:Q:LIMit? on page 320
Average ON Power
The average power during the pulse ON time
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ON? on page 278
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:ON on page 222
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ON:LIMit? on page 320
Average Tx Power
The average transmission power over the entire pulse ON + OFF time
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AVG? on page 275
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:AVG on page 220
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:AVG:LIMit? on page 320
Minimum Power
The minimum power over the entire pulse ON + OFF time
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:MIN? on page 278
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:MIN on page 221
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:MIN:LIMit? on page 320
Peak Power
The maximum power over the entire pulse ON + OFF time
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:MAX? on page 277
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:MAX on page 221
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:MAX:LIMit? on page 320
Peak-to-Avg ON Power Ratio
The ratio of maximum to average power over the pulse ON time (also known as crest
factor)
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PON? on page 283
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:PON on page 223
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PON:LIMit? on page 320
Peak-to-Average Tx Power Ratio
The ratio of maximum to average power over the entire pulse ON + OFF interval.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PAVG? on page 281
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:PAVG on page 222
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PAVG:LIMit? on page 320
Peak-to-Min Power Ratio
The ratio of maximum to minimum power over the entire pulse ON + OFF time
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PMIN? on page 281
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:PMIN on page 223
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PMIN:LIMit? on page 320
Droop
The rate at which the pulse top level decays, calculated as the difference between the
power at the beginning of the pulse ON time and the power at the end of the pulse ON
time, divided by the pulse amplitude.
Droop values are only calculated if Pulse Has Droop is set to "On" (default ).
For more information see Chapter 4.1.1, "Amplitude droop", on page 42
Note: The percentage ratio values are calculated in %V if the "Measurement Level" is
defined in V (see "Reference Level Unit" on page 81), otherwise in %W.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ADRoop:DB? on page 272
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ADRoop[:PERCent]? on page 272
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:ADRoop:DB on page 219
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R&S®FSMR3-K6
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:ADRoop[:PERCent] on page 219
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ADRoop:DB:LIMit? on page 320
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:ADRoop[:PERCent]:LIMit? on page 320
Ripple
The ripple is calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum deviation from the pulse top reference, within a user specified interval.
For more information see Chapter 4.1.2, "Ripple", on page 42
Note: The percentage ratio values are calculated in %V if the "Measurement Level" is
defined in V (see "Reference Level Unit" on page 81), otherwise in %W.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:RIPPle:DB? on page 285
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:RIPPle[:PERCent]? on page 285
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:RIPPle:DB on page 224
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:RIPPle[:PERCent] on page 224
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:RIPPle:DB:LIMit? on page 320
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:RIPPle[:PERCent]:LIMit? on page 320
Overshoot
The height of the local maximum after a rising edge, divided by the pulse amplitude.
For more information see Chapter 4.1.3, "Overshoot", on page 44.
Note: The percentage ratio values are calculated in %V if the "Measurement Level" is
defined in V (see "Reference Level Unit" on page 81), otherwise in %W.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:OVERshoot:DB? on page 279
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:OVERshoot[:PERCent]? on page 280
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:OVERshoot:DB on page 222
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:OVERshoot[:PERCent] on page 222
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:OVERshoot:DB:LIMit? on page 320
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:OVERshoot[:PERCent]:LIMit? on page 320
Power (at Point)
The power measured at the pulse "measurement point" specified by the Measurement
Point Reference and the "Offset" on page 83
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:POINt? on page 282
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:POINt on page 223
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:POINt:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse-to-Pulse Power Ratio
The ratio of the "Power" values from the first measured pulse to the current pulse.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PPRatio? on page 284
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:POWer:PPRatio on page 223
[SENSe:]PULSe:POWer:PPRatio:LIMit? on page 320
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3.1.3 Frequency parameters
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
The following frequency parameters can be determined by the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse
application.
Frequency..................................................................................................................... 23
Pulse-Pulse Frequency Difference................................................................................23
Frequency Error (RMS).................................................................................................23
Frequency Error (Peak).................................................................................................23
Frequency Deviation..................................................................................................... 24
Chirp Rate.....................................................................................................................24
Frequency
Frequency of the pulse measured at the defined Measurement point
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:POINt? on page 299
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:POINt on page 216
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:POINt:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse-Pulse Frequency Difference
Difference in frequency between the first measured pulse and the currently measured
pulse
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:PPFRequency? on page 299
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:PPFRequency on page 217
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:PPFRequency:LIMit? on page 320
Frequency Error (RMS)
The RMS frequency error of the currently measured pulse. The error is calculated relative to the given pulse modulation. It is not calculated at all for modulation type "Arbitrary". The error is calculated over the Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:RERRor? on page 300
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:RERRor on page 217
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:RERRor:LIMit? on page 320
Frequency Error (Peak)
The peak frequency error of the currently measured pulse. The error is calculated relative to the given pulse modulation. It is not calculated at all for modulation type "Arbitrary". The error is calculated over the Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:PERRor? on page 298
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:PERRor on page 216
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:PERRor:LIMit? on page 320
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R&S®FSMR3-K6
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Frequency Deviation
The frequency deviation of the currently measured pulse. The deviation is calculated
as the absolute difference between the maximum and minimum frequency values
within the Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:DEViation? on page 297
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:DEViation on page 216
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:DEViation:LIMit? on page 320
Chirp Rate
A known frequency chirp rate (per μs) to be used for generating an ideal pulse waveform.
Note: a chirp rate is only available for the Pulse Modulation type "Linear FM".
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:CRATe? on page 296
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:FREQuency:CRATe on page 216
[SENSe:]PULSe:FREQuency:CRATe:LIMit? on page 320
3.1.4 Phase parameters
The following phase parameters can be determined by the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse
application.
Phase............................................................................................................................24
Pulse-Pulse Phase Difference.......................................................................................24
Phase Error (RMS)........................................................................................................25
Phase Error (Peak)....................................................................................................... 25
Phase Deviation............................................................................................................25
Phase
Phase of the pulse measured at the defined Measurement point
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:POINt? on page 303
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:PHASe:POINt on page 218
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:POINt:LIMit? on page 320
Pulse-Pulse Phase Difference
Difference in phase between the first measured pulse and the currently measured
pulse
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:PPPHase? on page 304
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:PHASe:PPPHase on page 218
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:PPPHase:LIMit? on page 320
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R&S®FSMR3-K6
Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Phase Error (RMS)
The RMS phase error of the currently measured pulse. The error is calculated relative
to the given pulse modulation. It is not calculated at all for the Pulse Modulation type
"Arbitrary". The error is calculated over the Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:RERRor? on page 305
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:PHASe:RERRor on page 219
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:RERRor:LIMit? on page 320
Phase Error (Peak)
The peak phase error of the currently measured pulse. The error is calculated relative
to the given pulse modulation. It is not calculated at all for the Pulse Modulation type
"Arbitrary". The error is calculated over the Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:PERRor? on page 302
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:PHASe:PERRor on page 218
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:PERRor:LIMit? on page 320
Phase Deviation
The phase deviation of the currently measured pulse. The deviation is calculated as
the absolute difference between the maximum and minimum phase values within the
Measurement range.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:DEViation? on page 302
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:PHASe:DEViation on page 218
[SENSe:]PULSe:PHASe:DEViation:LIMit? on page 320
3.1.5 Envelope model (cardinal data points) parameters
The pulse envelope model has the shape of a trapezoid of amplitude (V) versus time
(s) values. This model allows for a finite rise and fall time, as well as an amplitude
droop across the top of the pulse. During measurement of each pulse, the points of this
trapezoidal model are determined as the basis for further measurements. For example,
the rise and fall time amplitude thresholds or the "pulse top" duration are determined
from the parameters of the envelope model.
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Figure 3-2: Envelope model parameters
Each of these parameters has a time and an amplitude value. The time values are relative to the pulse timestamp and displayed in seconds. The amplitude values are displayed as power in dBm units.
You configure the desired high, mid and low thresholds for the rise and fall slopes relative to the base (0%) and top (100%) levels. See Chapter 5.9.1, "Measurement levels",
on page 79.
The power value of the rise base point and the fall base point is assumed to be equal
and is defined by the "Base Power" parameter found in the "Amplitude Parameters"
group of the table configuration (see "Base Power" on page 19).
Rise Base Point Time....................................................................................................26
Rise Low Point Time..................................................................................................... 27
Rise Mid Point Time......................................................................................................27
Rise High Point Time.....................................................................................................27
Rise Top Point Time......................................................................................................27
Rise Low Point Level.....................................................................................................27
Rise Mid Point Level..................................................................................................... 27
Rise High Point Level....................................................................................................28
Rise Top Point Level..................................................................................................... 28
Fall Base Point Time.....................................................................................................28
Fall Low Point Time.......................................................................................................28
Fall Mid Point Time........................................................................................................28
Fall High Point Time......................................................................................................28
Fall Top Point Time........................................................................................................28
Fall Low Point Level......................................................................................................29
Fall Mid Point Level.......................................................................................................29
Fall High Point Level..................................................................................................... 29
Fall Top Point Level.......................................................................................................29
Rise Base Point Time
The time the amplitude starts rising above 0 %.
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RBPTime? on page 313
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RBPTime on page 213
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RBPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Rise Low Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the Low (Proximal) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RLPTime? on page 316
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RLPTime on page 214
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RLPTime:LIMit? on page 320
Rise Mid Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the Mid (Mesial) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RMPTime? on page 317
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RMPTime on page 215
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RMPTime:LIMit? on page 320
Rise High Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the High (Distal) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RHPTime? on page 315
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RHPTime on page 214
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RHPTime:LIMit? on page 320
Rise Top Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the 100 % level in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RTPTime? on page 319
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RTPTime on page 215
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RTPTime:LIMit? on page 320
Rise Low Point Level
The amplitude of the Low (Proximal) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RLPLevel? on page 315
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RLPLevel on page 214
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RLPLevel:LIMit? on page 320
Rise Mid Point Level
The amplitude of the Mid (Mesial) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RMPLevel? on page 317
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RMPLevel on page 214
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RMPLevel:LIMit? on page 320
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Measurements and result displays
Pulse parameters
Rise High Point Level
The amplitude of the High (Distal) Threshold in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RHPLevel? on page 314
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RHPLevel on page 213
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RHPLevel:LIMit? on page 319
Rise Top Point Level
The amplitude at 100 % in the rising edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RTPLevel? on page 318
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:RTPLevel on page 215
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:RTPLevel:LIMit? on page 320
Fall Base Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches 0 % on the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FBPTime? on page 307
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FBPTime on page 211
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FBPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Low Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the Low (Proximal) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FLPTime? on page 310
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FLPTime on page 212
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FLPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Mid Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the Mid (Mesial) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FMPTime? on page 311
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FMPTime on page 212
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FMPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Fall High Point Time
The time the amplitude reaches the High (Distal) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FHPTime? on page 309
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FHPTime on page 211
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FHPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Top Point Time
The time the amplitude falls below the 100 % level in the falling edge.
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Measurements and result displays
Evaluation methods for pulse measurements
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FTPTime? on page 313
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FTPTime on page 213
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FTPTime:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Low Point Level
The amplitude of the Low (Proximal) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FLPLevel? on page 309
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FLPLevel on page 211
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FLPLevel:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Mid Point Level
The amplitude of the Mid (Mesial) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FMPLevel? on page 311
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FMPLevel on page 212
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FMPLevel:LIMit? on page 319
Fall High Point Level
The amplitude of the High (Distal) Threshold in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FHPLevel? on page 308
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FHPLevel on page 211
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FHPLevel:LIMit? on page 319
Fall Top Point Level
The amplitude at 100 % in the falling edge.
Remote command:
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FTPLevel? on page 312
CALCulate<n>:TABLe:EMODel:FTPLevel on page 212
[SENSe:]PULSe:EMODel:FTPLevel:LIMit? on page 319
3.2 Evaluation methods for pulse measurements
The data that was measured by the R&S FSMR3000 Pulse application can be evaluated using various different methods.
By default, the Pulse measurement results are displayed in the following windows:
●
"Magnitude Capture"
●
"Pulse Results"
●
"Pulse Frequency"
●
"Pulse Magnitude"
●
"Pulse Phase"
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Measurements and result displays
Evaluation methods for pulse measurements
The following evaluation methods are available for Pulse measurements:
Magnitude Capture........................................................................................................30
Marker Table................................................................................................................. 31
Parameter Distribution.................................................................................................. 31
Parameter Spectrum.....................................................................................................32
Parameter Trend...........................................................................................................32
Pulse Frequency........................................................................................................... 34
Pulse I and Q................................................................................................................ 35
Pulse Magnitude........................................................................................................... 35
Pulse Phase..................................................................................................................36
Pulse Phase (Wrapped)................................................................................................36
Pulse Results................................................................................................................ 37
Pulse-Pulse Spectrum...................................................................................................38
Pulse Statistics..............................................................................................................39
Result Range Spectrum................................................................................................40
Magnitude Capture
Displays the captured data. Detected pulses are indicated by green bars along the xaxis. The currently selected pulse is highlighted in blue.
Additionally, the following parameters are indicated by horizontal lines in the diagram:
●
"Ref": the pulse detection reference level (see Chapter 5.9.1, "Measurement lev-
els", on page 79)
●
"Det": the pulse detection threshold (see "Threshold" on page 78)
●
"100 %": a fixed top power level (see "Fixed Value" on page 81)
You can drag the line in the diagram to change the top power level.
The detection range is indicated by vertical lines ("DR", see "Detection Range"
on page 78). You can drag the lines within the capture buffer to change the detection
range.
30User Manual 1179.4505.02 ─ 02
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