R&S
®
FSQ
-
K92/93/94
Test and Measurement
Software Manual
WiMAX IEEE 802.16-2004,
IEEE 802.16e-2005 TX Tests
Software Manual
1300.7462.42 – 10
The Software Manual describes the following R&S®FSQ-K92/93/94 models and options:
R&S
®
FMU
®
FSG
®
SQ
F
+ R&S
+ R&S
+
This manual consists of the following volumes:
The firmware of the instrument makes use of several valuable open source software packages. the most important of them are listed
below, together with their corresponding open source license. The verbatimlicense texts are provided on the user documentation CD-
ROM (included in delivery).
Package Link License
Xitam i http://www.xitami.com
2.5b6
Rohde&Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embedded computing.
© 2008 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
81671 Munich, Germany
Printed in Germany – Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
®
R&S
is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual:
®
FSQ-K92/93/94 is abbreviated as R&S FSQ-K92/93/94.
R&S
R&S FS-K92/93/94 Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 General Information ............................................................................ 9
1.1 Introduction to R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 WiMAX Measurements ...........................10
1.2 Installation ..................................................................................................................10
1.3 Starting the Application ............................................................................................12
1.4 Exiting the Application ..............................................................................................12
1.5 Quick Start Guide.......................................................................................................13
1.5.1 Setting up the Measurement ........................................................................................13
1.5.1.1 Performing Level Detection .........................................................................................15
1.5.2 Performing the main measurement .............................................................................15
1.5.3 Setting up a MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro Measurement .......................................................15
1.6 Navigation ...................................................................................................................21
1.6.1 Hotkeys ........................................................................................................................21
1.6.2 Softkeys .......................................................................................................................23
1.6.2.1 Settings Softkeys .........................................................................................................23
1.6.2.2 Other Softkeys .............................................................................................................24
1.6.3 Hardkeys ......................................................................................................................24
1.6.4 External Keyboard .......................................................................................................25
1.6.5 Mouse ..........................................................................................................................26
1.6.6 Selecting & Editing Parameters ...................................................................................26
1.6.6.1 Numeric Keypad ..........................................................................................................27
1.6.6.2 Rollkey .........................................................................................................................27
1.6.6.3 Cursor Keys .................................................................................................................28
1.6.6.4 Selection of a parameter within a settings view ...........................................................28
1.6.6.5 Entry of an enumerated value ......................................................................................32
1.6.6.6 Entry of a checkbox .....................................................................................................33
1.6.7 Status Bar & Title Bar ..................................................................................................34
1.6.7.1 Title Bar ........................................................................................................................34
1.6.7.2 Status Bar ....................................................................................................................34
1.7 Save/Recall .................................................................................................................35
1.8 Printing .......................................................................................................................36
2 Measurements & Settings ................................................................ 38
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2.1 Measurements ............................................................................................................38
2.1.1 IEEE 802.16e-2005 SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro Measurements .......................38
2.1.1.1 Current restrictions to the IEEE802.16e-2005 OFDMA, WiBro Signal to be analyzed39
2.1.1.2 IEEE802.16e-2005 SISO-OFDM, SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro Scalar
Measurement Results ..................................................................................................40
2.1.1.3 IEEE802.16e-2005 SISO-OFDM, SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro Graphical
Measurement Results ..................................................................................................42
2.1.2 IQ measurements ........................................................................................................46
2.1.2.1 Power vs Time (PVT) ...................................................................................................48
2.1.2.2 EVM vs Symbol ............................................................................................................54
2.1.2.3 EVM vs Carrier .............................................................................................................57
2.1.2.4 Error vs Preamble (SISO-OFDM) / Error vs Sample (SISO-OFDMA/WiBro) ..............59
2.1.2.5 Spectrum Flatness .......................................................................................................60
2.1.2.6 SISO-OFDM and SISO-OFDMA/WiBro .......................................................................61
2.1.2.7 MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro ..................................................................................................62
2.1.2.8 Flatness Difference ......................................................................................................63
2.1.2.9 Preamble Channel Frequency Response ....................................................................67
2.1.2.10 Group Delay .................................................................................................................68
2.1.2.11 MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro ..................................................................................................69
2.1.2.12 Spectrum FFT ..............................................................................................................71
2.1.2.13 Constellation vs Symbol ..............................................................................................73
2.1.2.14 Constellation vs Carrier ...............................................................................................78
2.1.2.15 Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) .........................................79
2.1.2.16 Bit Stream ....................................................................................................................81
2.1.2.17 Burst Summary ............................................................................................................84
2.1.3 Frequency sweep measurements ................................................................................87
2.1.3.1 Spectrum Emission Mask ............................................................................................87
2.1.3.2 Spectrum ACP .............................................................................................................94
2.1.3.3 Noise Correction ..........................................................................................................95
2.1.3.4 No of Channels ............................................................................................................95
2.1.4 Automatic Level Detection ...........................................................................................97
2.2 Running measurements ............................................................................................97
2.3 Measurement results .................................................................................................98
2.3.1 Results Summary.......................................................................................................100
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2.4 General Settings ......................................................................................................112
2.4.1 Signal Characteristics ................................................................................................114
2.4.1.1 Standard ....................................................................................................................114
2.4.1.2 Frequency ..................................................................................................................115
2.4.1.3 Channel No (SISO-OFDM) ........................................................................................115
2.4.1.4 Frequency Band.........................................................................................................116
2.4.1.5 FFT Size N
(SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ....................................................116
FFT
2.4.1.6 Channel Bandwidth ....................................................................................................116
2.4.1.7 Fs/BW acc. to Standard .............................................................................................117
2.4.1.8 Sample Rate ..............................................................................................................117
2.4.1.9 G = Tg/Tb ...................................................................................................................117
2.4.2 Level Settings ............................................................................................................118
2.4.2.1 Auto Level ..................................................................................................................118
2.4.2.2 Signal Level (RF) .......................................................................................................118
2.4.2.3 Signal Level (Baseband) ............................................................................................118
2.4.2.4 Ext Att ........................................................................................................................119
2.4.3 Data Capture Settings ...............................................................................................119
2.4.3.1 Capture Time .............................................................................................................119
2.4.3.2 Overall Burst Count (SISO-OFDM) ............................................................................119
2.4.3.3 No of Burst to Analyze (SISO-OFDM) .......................................................................120
2.4.3.4 Capture Count (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ...................................................120
2.4.3.5 No of Subframes to Analyze (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ..............................120
2.4.3.6 Sweep Time (Mask/ACPR) ........................................................................................121
2.4.3.7 Sweep Count (Mask/ACPR) ......................................................................................121
2.4.4 Trigger Settings ..........................................................................................................121
2.4.4.1 Trigger Mode ..............................................................................................................121
2.4.4.2 Trigger Offset .............................................................................................................122
2.4.4.3 External Trigger Level ................................................................................................122
2.4.4.4 Auto Power Trigger Level ..........................................................................................122
2.4.4.5 Trigger Level (RF) ......................................................................................................122
2.4.4.6 Trigger Level (Baseband) ..........................................................................................123
2.4.4.7 Ext. Trigger Lvl ...........................................................................................................123
2.4.5 STC/MIMO Configuration (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ....................................................123
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2.4.5.1 DUT MIMO Configuration (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ....................................................123
2.4.5.2 Auto Assignment (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) .................................................................124
2.4.5.3 State (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ....................................................................................124
2.4.5.4 Analyzer IP Address (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ............................................................124
2.4.6 IQ Settings .................................................................................................................125
2.4.6.1 Swap IQ .....................................................................................................................125
2.4.7 Input Settings .............................................................................................................125
2.4.7.1 Baseband Input ..........................................................................................................125
2.4.8 Advanced Settings .....................................................................................................125
2.4.8.1 Swap IQ .....................................................................................................................127
2.4.9 Input Settings .............................................................................................................127
2.4.9.1 Input ...........................................................................................................................127
2.4.10 Baseband Settings .....................................................................................................127
2.4.10.1 IQ Input ......................................................................................................................127
2.4.10.2 IQ Path .......................................................................................................................128
2.4.10.3 Balanced ....................................................................................................................128
2.4.10.4 Low Pass ...................................................................................................................128
2.4.10.5 Dither .........................................................................................................................129
2.4.10.6 Digital Input Data Rate ...............................................................................................129
2.4.10.7 Full Scale Level ..........................................................................................................129
2.4.10.8 Auto Level ..................................................................................................................130
2.4.10.9 Auto Track Time .........................................................................................................130
2.4.10.10 Ref Level ....................................................................................................................130
2.4.10.11 RF Att .........................................................................................................................130
2.4.10.12 El Att ..........................................................................................................................131
2.4.10.13 YIG Filter ....................................................................................................................131
2.4.10.14 High Dynamic .............................................................................................................131
2.4.10.15 RSSI, CINR avg parameter .......................................................................................132
2.4.10.16 List Results Unit (SISO-OFDM) .................................................................................132
2.4.10.17 Measure Capture Buffer to … ....................................................................................132
2.4.10.18 SMU Address (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ....................................................132
2.5 Demod Settings (SISO-OFDM) ................................................................................133
2.5.1 Burst To Analyze Settings .........................................................................................133
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2.5.1.2 Tracking Settings .......................................................................................................137
2.6 Demod Settings(SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ...............................................138
2.6.1 Channel Estimation Range ........................................................................................139
2.6.2 Bursts To Analyze ......................................................................................................140
2.6.3 Tracking Settings .......................................................................................................140
2.6.4 STC/MIMO Settings ...................................................................................................142
2.6.5 Advanced ...................................................................................................................142
2.7 Frame Global (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ..................................................143
2.7.1 Frame .........................................................................................................................143
2.7.1.1 Use … for analysis .....................................................................................................143
2.7.1.2 Analyze Zone .............................................................................................................145
2.7.1.3 IDCell .........................................................................................................................145
2.7.2 Dependencies between the Use … for analysis, IDcell and Preamble Index settings146
2.7.3 DL Subframe ..............................................................................................................147
2.7.3.1 Preamble Index ..........................................................................................................147
2.7.3.2 Used Subchannel Bitmap ..........................................................................................147
2.7.4 UL Subframe ..............................................................................................................148
2.7.4.1 UL Control Region Length .........................................................................................148
2.7.4.2 Frame Number ...........................................................................................................148
2.8 Frame Config (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ..................................................148
2.8.1 Zone/Segment List (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ............................................150
2.8.1.1 Zone/Segment List Down Link (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ............................................151
2.8.1.2 Zone/Segment List Up Link (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) .................................................152
2.8.2 Burst List (SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ............................................................153
2.8.2.1 Burst List DL (Down Link) ..........................................................................................153
2.8.2.2 Burst List DL (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ........................................................................155
2.8.2.3 Burst List Up Link (UL) ...............................................................................................156
2.8.2.4 Burst List UL (MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro) ........................................................................158
2.8.3 Zone/Segment Map ...................................................................................................159
2.8.4 Burst Map ...................................................................................................................159
2.8.5 Frame Config Softkeys ..............................................................................................160
2.9 File Manager .............................................................................................................161
2.9.1 File Type ...................................................................................................................161
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2.9.1. Loading settings from a file on the local instrument ..................................................162
2.9.3 Transfer settings between R&S FSQ and R&S SMU ................................................162
2.9.3.1 Download from R&S FSQ to R&S SMU ....................................................................162
2.9.3.2 Upload from R&S SMU to R&S FSQ .........................................................................163
2.10 Gate Settings ............................................................................................................163
2.10.1 Gate Settings .............................................................................................................165
2.10.1.1 Delay ..........................................................................................................................165
2.10.1.2 Length ........................................................................................................................166
2.10.1.3 Link Gate and Marker ................................................................................................166
2.11 Import/Export of IQ Data .........................................................................................166
2.12 Markers .....................................................................................................................169
2.12.1 Adjusting Markers ......................................................................................................169
2.12.2 Marker Zoom ..............................................................................................................169
2.12.3 Toggle Marker Display ...............................................................................................170
2.12.4 Assigning Marker to Traces .......................................................................................171
2.12.5 Frame Start Marker ....................................................................................................171
2.12.5.1 Subframe ...................................................................................................................172
2.12.5.2 Ref. Power SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro only! ..................................................172
2.12.5.3 Ref. Pwr. Offset SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro only! ..........................................173
2.12.5.4 Averaging SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro only! ....................................................173
2.13 Display Settings .......................................................................................................174
3 Measurements in Detail .................................................................. 175
3.1 Signal Processing of the IEEE802.16-2004 OFDM Measurement Application ..175
3.1.1 Abbreviations .............................................................................................................175
3.2 Analysis Steps .........................................................................................................179
3.3 Subchannelization ...................................................................................................180
3.3.1 Synchronization .........................................................................................................180
3.3.2 Results influenced by Subchannelization ..................................................................180
3.3.2.1 Channel Results .........................................................................................................180
3.3.2.2 Frequency and Clock Offset ......................................................................................181
3.3.2.3 EVM ...........................................................................................................................182
3.3.2.4 IQ Impairments ..........................................................................................................182
3.4 RSSI Measurements ................................................................................................183
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3.5 CINR Measurements ................................................................................................183
3.5.1 Literature ....................................................................................................................184
3.6 Signal Processing of the IEEE802.16-2005 SISO- and MIMO-OFDMA / WiBro
Measurement Application .......................................................................................184
3.6.1 Symbols and Abbreviations .......................................................................................184
3.6.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................186
3.6.3 Data Capturing ...........................................................................................................186
3.6.4 OFDMA Measurement Application ............................................................................187
3.6.4.1 Synchronization .........................................................................................................187
3.6.4.2 Channel Estimation / Equalization .............................................................................189
3.6.4.3 Analysis ......................................................................................................................190
3.6.5 References .................................................................................................................192
4 Remote Control ............................................................................... 193
4.1 Description of commands .......................................................................................193
4.1.1 Notation ......................................................................................................................193
4.2 SCPI Command Examples ......................................................................................196
4.2.1 Setup 1TX/1RX SISO measurement .........................................................................196
4.2.2 Setup 2TX/2RX MIMO measurement ........................................................................197
4.3 ABORt Subsystem ...................................................................................................198
4.4 CALCulate Subsystem ............................................................................................198
4.4.1 CALCulate:BURSt Subsystem ...................................................................................198
4.5 CALCulate:LIMit Subsystem ...................................................................................199
4.5.2 CALCulate:MARKer Subsystem ................................................................................214
4.5.3 CALCulate:MARKer:FUNCtion Subsystem ...............................................................219
4.6 CONFigure Subsystem ............................................................................................224
4.7 DIAGnostic Subsystem ...........................................................................................259
4.8 DISPlay Subsystem .................................................................................................260
4.9 FETCh Subsystem ...................................................................................................265
4.10 FORMat Subsystem .................................................................................................284
4.11 INITiate Subsystem ..................................................................................................284
4.12 INPut Subsystem .....................................................................................................285
4.13 INSTrument Subsystem ..........................................................................................291
4.14 MMEMory Subsystem ..............................................................................................292
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4.15 SENSe Subsystem ...................................................................................................294
4.16 STATus Subsystem .................................................................................................312
4.17 SYSTEM Subsystem ................................................................................................317
4.18 TRACe Subsystem ...................................................................................................318
4.19 TRIGger Subsystem ................................................................................................327
4.20 UNIT Subsystem ......................................................................................................329
4.21 Status Reporting Registers ....................................................................................330
4.21.1 Description of the Status Registers ...........................................................................332
4.22 Error Reporting ........................................................................................................335
5 Remote Control - Programming Examples ................................... 336
5.1.1 Synchronization Entry of Option ................................................................................336
5.1.2 Selecting Measurements ...........................................................................................336
6 List of Warnings & Error Messages .............................................. 338
Index ................................................................................................ 339
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R&S FS-K92/93/94 Table of Contents
Introduction to R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 WiMAX Measurements
1 General Information
The Rohde & Schwarz FSQ-K92/K93/K94 application extends the functionality of the
R&S FSQ spectrum analyzer to enable WiMAX and WiBro TX-measurements
according to the standards
● IEEE 802.16-2004/Cor 1-2005 SISO-OFDM physical layer mode (R&S FSQK92/K93/K94).
The short form ‘SISO-OFDM’ is used in this document, to reference this operation
mode.
● IEEE 802.16-2004/Cor 1-2005, IEEE 802.16e-2005,
P802.16Rev2/D3 (February 2008)
SISO-OFDMA physical layer mode (R&S FSQ-K93/K94 only). The short form
‘SISO-OFDMA’ is used in this document, to reference this operation mode.
MIMO-OFDMA physical layer mode (R&S FSQ-K94 only). The short form ‘MIMOOFDMA’ is used in this document, to reference this operation mode.
● IEEE 802.16-2004/Cor 1-2005, IEEE 802.16e-2005 based WiBro,
P802.16Rev2/D3 (February 2008) based WiBro
SISO-WiBro physical layer mode (R&S FSQ-K93/K94 only). The short form ‘SISOWiBro’ is used in this document, to reference this operation mode.
MIMO-WiBro physical layer mode (R&S FSQ-K94 only). The short form ‘MIMOWiBro’ is used in this document, to reference this operation mode.
The standard is selected in the General Settings Panel, Standard field.
This manual supports the user in working with R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94. It aids the
preparation, execution and evaluation of a measurement and gives many helpful hints
and examples.
For the user wanting to make a quick start to using R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94, the Quick
Start Guide section below works step-by-step through an ordinary measurement. The
remainder of this section describes all of the basic information about how the R&S
FSQ-K92/K93/K94 application works, without covering measurements in detail. A
detailed description of all measurement modes, settings and results can be found in
section 2. Section 4 covers remote control operation of R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94.
This section covers the following subjects:
Introduction to R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 measurements
● Installation
● Starting the application
● Exiting the application
● Quick start guide – allows the user to get up-and-running in minimum time
● Navigation
● Save/recall – saving & recalling user settings & measurement results
● Printing
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Introduction to R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 WiMAX Measurements
1.1 Introduction to R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 WiMAX Measurements
The use of an R&S FSQ spectrum analyzer with its high sensitivity enables the
accurate and reproducible TX-measurement of a WiMAX Device Under Test (DUT)
according to the standards specified for the device:
● Modulation formats:
- IEEE 802.16-2004
- BPSK (SISO-OFDM)
- QPSK
- 16QAM
- 64QAM
● Modulation measurements:
- Constellation diagram
- Constellation diagram per OFDM carrier
- I/Q offset and I/Q imbalance
- Quadrature error
- Carrier and symbol frequency errors
- Modulation error (EVM) per OFDM carrier or symbol
- Amplitude response and group-delay distortion (spectral flatness)
● Amplitude statistics (CCDF) and crest factor
● Transmit spectrum mask
● Adjacent Channel Power (Absolute and Relative)
● FFT, also over a selected part of the signal, e.g. preamble
● Payload bit information
● Burst Summary provides information about the analyzed bursts
● Capture time selectable up to 50 ms, multiple sweeps possible for large number of
bursts
1.2 Installation
From the analyzer select firmware update.
► Press the SETUP hardkey followed by NEXT, FIRMWARE UPDATE and finally the
FIRMWARE UPDATE softkey. Following the instructions displayed.
Once the installation has completed the analyzer will reboot.
Once the option has been installed it needs to be activated:
1. Start up the analyzer.
2. Press the SETUP hardkey, followed by the GENERAL SETUP softkey and then
the OPTIONS softkey.
A list of the options currently activated is displayed.
3. Press the INSTALL OPTION softkey. A Dialog is displayed allowing the option key
to be entered.
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Installation
4. Enter the option key supplied with the R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 software. If
upgrading from R&S FSQ-K92 to R&S FSQ-K93, the upgrade key needs to be
entered in addition to the original R&S FSQ-K92 option key.
5. When a valid option key has been supplied a dialog will be displayed explaining
that a reboot is required to complete this operation. Select OK in this dialog and
the instrument will be rebooted.
6. When the analyzer starts after the reboot a new hotkey will be displayed at the
bottom of the display labelled WIMAX. In addition an entry for the R&S FSQK92/K93/K94 option will be displayed in the FIRMWARE OPTIONS dialog.
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Starting the Application
1.3 Starting the Application
Power up the R&S FSQ spectrum analyzer. When R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 is correctly
installed there will be a hotkey labelled WIMAX at the bottom of the screen. Press the
WIMAX hotkey to start R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94.
Note that if the spectrum analyzer is powered down whilst R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 is
active, then when the spectrum analyzer is powered up again it will start up in the R&S
FSQ-K92/K93/K94 application.
1.4 Exiting the Application
To exit the R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 option, press the SPECTRUM hotkey at the bottom
of the screen. This will cause the option to exit and the spectrum analyzer to be
activated.
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1
2
Quick Start Guide
1.5 Quick Start Guide
This section helps the user to quickly become familiar with R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 by
working step-by-step through an ordinary measurement. (Refer to section 2 for a
detailed reference guide.)
For this example a DUT using IEEE 802.16-2004 will be used. The DUT will be connected
to the analyzer using the RF input of the analyzer. The DUT will generate a signal
modulated using 64QAM 2/3.
1.5.1 Setting up the Measurement
1. Start the R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 application.
2. Press the GENERAL SETTINGS softkey to open the General Settings view.
3. Select the Frequency field and enter the desired frequency to measure. Note that
when a valid frequency is entered the Channel No field updates.
4. Select the Frequency Band in which the Signal to be analyzed is located. The
target band is either one of the bands given as example in the 802.16-2004
standard1 or an unspecified band.
5. Select either the Channel Bandwidth (BW) or Sampling Rate (Fs) according to the
characteristics of the signal to be analyzed. The second parameter is derived from
the first according to the standard2.
B.3.2 Wireless MAN-OFDM/OFDMA PHY symbol and performance parameters.
8.3.2.2 Derived Parameter definitions
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bg
TTG
Quick Start Guide
6. Select the
CP [Cyclic Prefix] to useful time ratio according to the
characteristics of the signal to be analyzed.
7. Switch Off the Auto Level Field. In this example the level detection measurement
will be executed manually.
All other settings in this view are sufficient for this example.
8. Press the DEMOD SETTINGS softkey to open the Demod Settings view
9. Select the Link Mode of the Bursts to be analyzed.
10. In case Modulation Detection Mode is set to All , All modulation formats of the
bursts will be analyzed.
This is useful, to get an overview of the signal content.
11. Close the Demod Settings by pressing the WIMAX hotkey.
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3
RF
Quick Start Guide
1.5.1.1 Performing Level Detection
1. Connect the DUT to the RF input of the spectrum analyzer. (see Fig. 1)
Fig. 1 Preparation for level detection
2. Start the Level Detection measurement by pressing the AUTO LVL hotkey.
3. During the level detection measurement the text "Running ..." is displayed in the
Status Bar at the bottom of the screen.
4. After successful level detection, the Status Bar will display “Measurement
Complete”, the signal level field for the selected input will be updated to show the
detected signal level and the Magnitude Capture Buffer (Screen A) will be updated
to show the zero span trace obtained during the measurement sequence.
1.5.2 Performing the main measurement
After level detection has been successfully completed the main measurement can be
started. The set-up for the main measurement is the same as that for the level detection
measurement.
1. Start the measurement by pressing the RUN SGL hotkey.
2. During the measurement, the text "Running..." is displayed in the Status Bar at the
bottom of the screen.
Measurement results are updated once the measurement has completed. The results
are displayed in graphical form. The display can be toggled to a tabular list of
measurement points by pressing the DISPLAY Softkey.
1.5.3 Setting up a MIMO-OFDMA/WiBro Measurement
For this example a 2 Tx MIMO DUT according to IEEE 802.16e-2005 is used.
1. The MIMO DUT is connected to the analyzers according to the following setup:
a two channel SMU in this example
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Two
Channel
SMU
FSx
FSx
0
Tx
1
Tx
1
Rx
0
Rx
LAN
Hub
Trigger Signal
Reference Signal
RF Signal
LAN
LAN
LAN
Quick Start Guide
2. Connect the external reference REF OUT of the SMU with the external reference REF
IN of the analyzers. Switch on the external reference for both analyzers in the
spectrum analyzer base system.
3. Connect the marker output of the SMU with the Ext Trigger input of the analyzers.
4. Either connect Path A RF connector with one analyzer and Path B RF connector
with the other analyzer, or use the air interface with appropriate antennas.
5. Connect the SMU and the analyzers via LAN according to the figure above. Make
sure, that all instruments can be accessed by their IP-address. It is sufficient to
connect the master and the slave with a cross LAN cable. But for convenience in
this example, the SMU is also connected via LAN.
Setup the SMU to transmit in example a WiMAX MIMO Matrix B signal.
Fig. 2 SMU Frame Configuration Dialog.
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Quick Start Guide
Fig. 3 SMU Configure Zone #1 Dialog.
Fig. 4 SMU Time Plan Dialog
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Quick Start Guide
Fig. 5 SMU transmitting the WiMAX Matrix B signal.
6. The analyzer with the FSQ-K94 MIMO option is called the master. The other
analyzer doesn’t require the FSQ-K94 option and is called the slave.
In the subsequent steps – if not mentioned otherwise – the master is referred.
7. For the master in General Settings select the IEEE 802.16e-2005 MIMO Standard.
8. In General Settings Advanced enter the SMU IP address.
Use the File Manager to download the WiMAX MIMO settings from the SMU.
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Quick Start Guide
9. In General Settings select External Trigger and set the Capture Time appropriate
to capture at least one sub frame.
10. In General Settings section STC/MIMO Config:
a. The DUT MIMO Configuration specifies the number of Tx antennas of the DUT.
This value defines the maximal number of Tx antennas per MIMO zone. See
Frame Config | More Zone/Segment Settings, STC/MIMO Config. In case the
setup was loaded from a SMU setting, this parameter will be set automatically.
b. Enter the IP address of the slave and switch the state of the slave On. Additionaly
check Auto Assignment in case the antenna assignment is delegated to the application.
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Quick Start Guide
11. In Demod Settings choose Channel Estimation Payload Only because the MIMO
zone is not preceded by a preamble. Note for DL, the MIMO zone is the second or
higher zone in the DL subframe.
12. In case the air interface was chosen to transmit the WiMAX signal, check
Compensate Crosstalk in Demod Settings. In case of a wired connection this
parameter might be cleared or checked.
13. In Demod Settings Frame Config select the MIMO zone for analysis.
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Navigation
14. Now start the measurement with RUN SGL or RUN CONT to get the various
WiMAX MIMO measurement results.
1.6 Navigation
This section deals with navigation within the option. Navigation here is taken to mean all
forms of interaction with the option except for remote control. The different methods of
interacting with the option are:
● Hotkeys
● Softkeys
● Hardkeys
● Numeric Keypad
● Roll-key
● Cursor Keys
● External Keyboard
● Mouse
^
1.6.1 Hotkeys
Hotkeys are allocated to the seven keys at the bottom edge of the screen. On initial
start-up of the R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 option, the hotkeys provided are shown in Fig.
6. These hotkeys are present at all times once the option has been started.
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RUN SGL
RUN CONT
AUTO LVL
WIMAX
SPECTRUM
REFRESH
SCREEN B
AUTO LVL
AUTO LVL
SPECTRUM
The SPECTRUM hotkey exits the R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 option & returns to the
spectrum analyzer with all previous settings restored.
WIMAX
The WIMAX hotkey returns the user to the main measurement menu of R&S FSQ-
K92/K93/K94, where measurement results can be seen. All settings views and
dialogs are removed from the display, and the default softkey menu is displayed
The WIMAX hotkey remains green whenever R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 is active
AUTO LVL
The AUTO LVL hotkey starts an automatic level detection measurement.
If another measurement is running then the running measurement will be aborted
before the automatic level detection measurement is started. If a continuous
measurement is running when the AUTO LVL hot-key is pressed then the continuous
measurement shall resume after the automatic level detection has completed
Pressing the AUTO LVL hotkey whilst an automatic level detection measurement is
running causes the measurement to be stopped (aborted).
RUN SGL
The RUN SGL hotkey starts the selected measurement in single sweep mode.
If another measurement is running, such as a continuous sweep measurement, the
running measurement will be aborted before the single sweep measurement is started.
Pressing the RUN SGL hotkey whilst a single frequency range measurement is
running causes the measurement to be stopped (aborted).
The RUN CONT hotkey starts the selected measurement in continuous sweep mode
If another measurement is running then the running measurement will be aborted
before the continuous sweep measurement is started.
Pressing the RUN CONT hotkey whilst a continuous sweep measurement is running
causes the measurement to be stopped (aborted).
RUN CONT
Navigation
Fig. 6 Initial Hotkey menu
A keystroke activates the associated hotkey. An activated hotkey changes colour to
green, as shown.
These hotkeys perform the following operations:
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REFRE SH
The REFRESH hotkey updates the current measurement results with respect to the
current gate settings.
The REFRESH hotkey is only available for measurement results which are affected
by the gate settings (Spectrum FFT, PVT and CCDF). The REFRESH hotkey only
becomes available when the gate settings are modified after a measurement result
has been obtained.
SCREE N [A|B ]
The SCREEN [A|B] hotkey selects the specified screen as the active screen.
In full screen mode pressing the SCREEN [A|B] hotkey will display the specified screen.
After Pressing the SCREEN [A|B] hotkey the label displayed in the hotkey is changed
e.g. after pressing the SCREEN A hotkey the label of the hotkey is changed to
SCREEN B. The label indicates which screen will become the active screen after the
hotkey is pressed.
Navigation
1.6.2 Softkeys
1.6.2.1 Settings Softkeys
The softkeys are assigned to the nine keys on the right-hand side of the display. These
enable quick access to all of the parameter settings and measurement screens of the
R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94 option. Each of the top two softkeys, when pressed, brings up
a settings view for a group of parameters. These softkeys are always available (except
when using Save/Recall and Print manager or controlling markers) and are as follows:
Fig. 7 Main Softkeys
Each of these groups of settings is described in detail in the Measurements & Settings
section of this manual.
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SOFTKEY
LABEL 5
SOFTKEY
LABEL 6
SOFTKEY
LABEL 1
SOFTKEY
LABEL 2
SOFTKEY
LABEL 4
SOFTKEY
LABEL 3
Softkey active (green)
Softkey disabled => function not available
(without 3D Frame)
No softkey available
Softkey available (normal state)
SOFTKEY 8
VAL2
VAL1
SOFTKEY
LABEL 7
Toggle s oftkey (current value of parameter
highlighted in green)
So f tke y a c ti v e a n d dia l og
displayed (red)
FREQ Hardkey
When the FREQ hardkey is pressed the General Settings view is displayed (if it is not
already being displayed) and the Frequency parameter is selected.
Navigation
1.6.2.2 Other Softkeys
All other softkeys have different functions depending on the instrument state.
Therefore, the labels (text) on the softkeys will vary to reflect their current function. The
state of the softkeys is indicated by different appearances and colours, as follows:
Fig. 8 Setup of the softkey area
A softkey in its normal state, where its function is available, is coloured grey with a 3D border.
A softkey that is disabled, because its function is not available, is coloured grey without
a 3D border. Softkeys may become disabled because of the state of the instrument or
because other settings disable the function associated with the softkey.
An active softkey (highlighted in green) is used when the softkey selects an item or
view. For example, the GATE SETTINGS softkey will be highlighted green when the
Gate Settings pop-up dialog is displayed.
A toggle softkey is used to change the value of a parameter that has only two states.
Each press of the softkey toggles the value of the parameter. The current parameter
value is highlighted in green in the lower half of the softkey label. For example, in the
measurement results view, the DISPLAY softkey will have either LIST or GRAPH
highlighted in green depending on whether the results are currently displayed as a list
of measurement points or graphical trace(s).
When no function is assigned to a softkey then no softkey label will be shown.
1.6.3 Hardkeys
Hardkeys allow quick access to the desired parameter and various functions. The
hardkeys supported by the R&S-FSQ-K92/K93/K94 option are as follows (other
hardkeys do nothing):
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AMPT Hardkey
When the AMPT hardkey is pressed the General Settings view is displayed (if it is not
already being displayed) and the relevant Signal Level parameter for the selected
signal input is selected.
MKR Hardkey
When the MKR hardkey is pressed the main Marker softkey menu is displayed (if it is
not already being displayed).
MKR-> Hardkey
When the MKR-> hardkey is pressed the Marker extension softkey menu is displayed
(if it is not already being displayed).
SWEEP Hardkey
When the SWEEP hardkey is pressed the General Settings view is displayed (if it is
not already being displayed) and the Capture Time parameter is selected.
MEAS Hardkey
When the MEAS hardkey is pressed the Main softkey menu is displayed (if it is not
already being displayed).
TRACE Hardkey
When the TRACE hardkey is pressed the General Settings view is displayed (if it is not
already being displayed) and the Burst Count parameter is selected.
LINES Hardkey
When the LINES hardkey is pressed the Limit Lines softkey menu is displayed (if it is
not already being displayed) and the first limit in the results summary is selected. Note
this hard-key only functions when the results summary is displayed
DISP Hardkey
When the DISP hardkey is pressed the Display softkey menu is displayed (if it is not
already being displayed).
FILE Hardkey
When the FILE hardkey is pressed, the Save & Recall softkey menu is displayed,
allowing the save & recall of settings and/or measurement results of the R&S FSQK92/K93/K94 option.
PRESET Hardkey
When the PRESET hardkey is pressed the R&S FSQ-option is exited and a preset will be
performed. Note that all options (including R&S FSQ-K92/K93/K94) shall also be preset.
HCOPY Hardkey
When the HCOPY hardkey is pressed the print manager softkey menu is displayed,
allowing selection of the items to be printed.
Number keys 0 to 9
Decimal point (“.”)
Inserts a decimal point “.” at the cursor position.
Minus key
Changes the sign of the mantissa or exponent of a numeric parameter. A “-“ is
inserted at the cursor position in the case of an alphanumeric parameter.
ESC key
Aborts the entry before it has been terminated. The previous value is restored.
Closes the entry field after termination of input.
Closes pop-up dialogs.
ENTER key
Terminates the input of dimension quantities. The new value is set.
Invokes the input of parameters or immediately sets the new value.
Selects the highlighted item in drop-down menus.
Left and Right Cursor
Keys are used to:
Navigate between individual parameters within the setting views and some of the
pop-up dialogs.
Navigate between the individual items within drop-down menus.
Move the cursor left & right inside the entry window to reach a particular position in
the string during alphanumeric entry.
Up and Down Cursor
keys are used to:
Navigate between individual parameters within the setting views and some of the
pop-up dialogs.
Navigate between the individual items within drop-down menus.
Increment or decrement the value of a parameter during numeric entry.
Navigation
1.6.4 External Keyboard
The external keyboard is optional. The keys on the external keyboard that can be used
to interact with the R&S FSQ- option are as follows:
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CTRL keys
Used to activate hotkeys. Each of the seven hotkeys is allocated a different
function (F) key. To access these hotkeys press CTRL and the corresponding F
key together (see Fig. 9):
SCREE N BRUN SG L
RUN CO NT
AUTO L VLNOISESPECT RUM
CTRL + F1 CTRL + F2 CTRL + F3 CTRL + F4 CTRL + F5 CTRL + F7
SOFTKEY 8
SOFTKEY 1
SOFTKEY 2
SOFTKEY 4
SOFTKEY 3
SOFTKEY 5
SOFTKEY 6
SOFTKEY 9
F1
F7
F6
F5
F4
F3
F2
F8
F9
SOFTKEY 7
Navigation
Fig. 9 Quick Access to Hotkeys
Function Keys
Used to activate softkeys. Each of the nine softkeys is allocated a different function (F)
key. To access these softkeys the corresponding F key, as shown below:
Fig. 10 Quick Access to Hotkeys
1.6.5 Mouse
The mouse can be used to select individual parameters within the settings views or
data entry dialogs and to activate hotkeys and softkeys. It can also be used to select
values from a drop-down list.
1.6.6 Selecting & Editing Parameters
Parameters are set either by numeric or alphanumeric entry or by simple selection
from a list of possible values (a drop-down list is used to select an “enumerated” value)
or by using checkboxes to turn a parameter setting on and off.
In all cases, the parameter has to be selected by placing focus on it and then editing
has to be enabled before its value can be changed.
The rollkey and cursor keys on the front panel are provided for navigation and
selection of parameters.
The numeric keypad, rollkey and cursor keys on the front panel and an external
keyboard (optional) are provided for the entry of parameter values.
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mV
0
1 2
3
4
5 6
7
8 9
.
-
EN TER
O K
ESC
CANCEL
G Hz
MHz
kH z
Hz
-dBm
dBm
dB
dB..
BACK
s
V
ms
mV
µs
µV
ns
nV
Navigation
1.6.6.1 Numeric Keypad
The numeric keypad is provided for entry of numeric parameters. It contains the
following keys:
● Number keys 0 to 9
Starts editing of the selected parameter. This enables a new value to be entered for
a parameter directly without having to press ENTER first. The digit will be
displayed as the first digit of the newly entered value.
Inserts a digit at the cursor position when editing an alphanumeric parameter.
● Decimal point
Inserts a decimal point “.” at the cursor position.
● Sign key (“-“)
Changes the sign of the mantissa or exponent of a numeric parameter. A “-“ is
inserted at the cursor position when editing an alphanumeric parameter.
● Unit keys (GHz/-dBm, MHz/dBm, kHz/dB and Hz/dB)
● Provides the numeric value entered with the selected unit and sets the parameter
to that value.
The unit keys are all assigned the value “1” for dimensionless quantities or for level
entries (e.g. in dB). The unit keys thus assume the function of an ENTER key.
● BACK key
Deletes the character to the left of the cursor with alphanumeric entry.
● ESC/CANCEL key
Aborts the entry of a new parameter value. The previous value is restored.
● Closes pop-up dialogs.
● ENTER key
Enables editing of the selected parameter (using numeric keys or rollkey).
Finishes the editing of a parameter value. The new value is set.
For an alphanumeric value, the new value is set to that displayed (using the
current unit if applicable).
● In a drop-down menu, the parameter is set to the currently selected value in the list.
1.6.6.2 Rollkey
The rollkey has various functions:
● In a settings view, the rollkey can be used to navigate between individual
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Image Rejection 0 dB
Navigation
parameters (the parameter selected being highlighted).
● In drop-down menus, the rollkey can be used to navigate between the individual
values for the parameter.
● During numeric entry, the parameter is incremented (by turning clockwise) or
decremented (by turning counter-clockwise) at a defined step size (depending on
the parameter).
● In setting views and data entry dialogs pressing the rollkey invokes the input of
parameters or immediately sets the new value, i.e. pressing the rollkey is like
pressing the ENTER key.
● In drop-down menus, pressing the rollkey selects the relevant item.
1.6.6.3 Cursor Keys
The keys and are used to:
● Navigate between individual parameters within the setting views and some of the
pop-up dialogs.
● Navigate between the individual values within drop-down menus.
● Move the cursor left & right inside the entry window to reach a particular position in
the string during alphanumeric entry.
The keys and are used to:
● Navigate between individual parameters within the setting views and some of the
pop-up dialogs.
● Navigate between the individual items within drop-down menus.
● Increment or decrement the value of a parameter during numeric entry.
1.6.6.4 Selection of a parameter within a settings view
Selection using rollkey
1. Press SET FREQ softkey for example (Frequency settings view is displayed).
2. Rotate the rollkey until reaching the required parameter.
Turning the rollkey clockwise selects parameters in the upward direction, turning it
counter-clockwise selects parameters in the downward direction.
Example: Selecting Image Rejection (Frequency settings)
Software Manual 1300.7462.42 - 10 28
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