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PAD-T-M: 3574.3259.02/01.00/CI/1/EN
R&S®FS-K77
TD-SCDMA Mobile Station Test
Software Manual
Software Manual
Test and Measurement
1300.8117.42 - 03
Page 2
© 2014 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Munich, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
E-mail: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: http://www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change - Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual:
R&S®FS-K77 is abbreviated as R&S FS-K77
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R&S FS-K77 Contents
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 3
Contents
1 TD-SCDMA Mobile station Test Application Firmware R&S FS-K777
2 Installing and Enabling Application Firmware ................................. 8
2.1 Installation .................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Enabling ........................................................................................................................ 8
3 Getting Started ................................ .................................................... 9
3.1 Generating TD-SCDMA signal with R&S WinIQSIM ...............................................10
3.2 Trigger settings and synchronisation .....................................................................12
3.3 Basic settings in TD-SCDMA MS mode ...................................................................13
3.4 Measurement 1: Measuring signal power ...............................................................14
3.5 Measurement 2: Measuring spectrum emission mask ..........................................15
3.6 Measurement 3: Measuring relative code domain power and frequency error ........16
3.7 Setting: Synchronizing reference frequencies .......................................................16
3.8 Setting: Response to deviating center frequency setting .....................................17
3.9 Setting: Response to wrong scrambling code .......................................................17
3.10 Measurement 4: Measuring composite EVM ..........................................................18
3.11 Measurement 5: Measuring peak code domain error ............................................19
3.12 Measurement 6: Measuring RHO factor ..................................................................20
4 Setup for Mobile station Tests ......................................................... 21
4.1 Standard test setup ...................................................................................................21
4.2 Default setting ............................................................................................................22
5 Menu Overview ................................................................................. 23
6 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements ................................ .. 26
6.1 Measurement of channel power ...............................................................................27
6.2 Measurement of adjacent channel power - ACLR ..................................................30
6.3 Checking signal power - SPECTRUM EM MASK ....................................................38
6.4 Measurement of bandwidth occupied by signal - OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH .......42
6.5 Signal power versus time - POWER VS TIME .........................................................45
6.6 Signal statistic ............................................................................................................49
6.7 Code domain measurements on TD-SCDMA signals ............................................54
6.7.1 Presentation of evaluations - RESULTS......................................................................56
6.7.2 Configuration of measurements ...................................................................................71
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R&S FS-K77 TD-SCDMA Mobile station Test Application Firmware R&S FS-K77
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 4
6.7.3 Configuration of application firmware - SETTINGS .....................................................76
6.7.4 Frequency setting - FREQ key ....................................................................................79
6.7.5 Span settings - SPAN key ...........................................................................................80
6.7.6 Level settings - AMPT key ...........................................................................................81
6.7.7 Marker settings - MKR key ..........................................................................................82
6.7.8 Marker settings - MKR
key .......................................................................................83
6.7.9 Marker functions - MKR FCTN key ..............................................................................84
6.7.10 Bandwidth setting - BW key .........................................................................................84
6.7.11 Measurement control - SWEEP key ............................................................................84
6.7.12 Measurement selection - MEAS key............................................................................85
6.7.13 Trigger settings - TRIG key ..........................................................................................85
6.7.14 Trace settings - TRACE key ........................................................................................86
6.7.15 Display lines - LINES key ............................................................................................88
6.7.16 Measurement screen settings - DISP key ...................................................................88
6.7.17 Storing and loading unit data - FILE key .....................................................................88
6.7.18 Preset of device - PRESET key ...................................................................................88
6.7.19 Calibration of device - CAL key ...................................................................................88
6.7.20 Setup of device - SETUP key ......................................................................................88
6.7.21 Printing - HCOPY key ..................................................................................................88
7 Remote Control Commands ............................................................ 90
7.1 CALCulate:FEED subsystem ....................................................................................90
7.2 CALCulate:LIMit: ESPectrum subsystem ...............................................................91
7.3 CALCulate:MARKer subsystem ...............................................................................93
7.4 CONFigure:CDPower subsystem .............................................................................94
7.5 INSTrument subsystem ...........................................................................................101
7.6 SENSe:Power subsystem .......................................................................................102
7.7 SENSe:CDPower subsystem ..................................................................................104
7.8 TRACe subsystem ...................................................................................................112
7.9 STATus:QUEStionable:SYNC register ..................................................................118
7.10 Table of softkeys with assignment of Remotes ...................................................119
7.10.1 MEAS key or MEAS hotkey .......................................................................................119
7.10.2 RESULTS hotkey or CODE DOM ANALYZER softkey .............................................123
7.10.3 CHAN CONF hotkey ..................................................................................................125
7.10.4 SETTINGS hotkey .....................................................................................................126
8 Checking Rated Specifications ..................................................... 127
8.1 Measuring equipment and accessories ................................................................127
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R&S FS-K77 Contents
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 5
8.2 Test sequence ..........................................................................................................128
9 Glossary .......................................................................................... 130
10 Index ................................................................................................ 131
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R&S FS-K77 TD-SCDMA Mobile station Test Application Firmware R&S FS-K77
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 7
1 TD-SCDMA Mobile station Test Application
Firmware R&S FS-K77
When configured with the Application Firmware R&S FS-K77, the analyzer performs
code domain power measurements on reverse link signals (mobile station). The
measurements are based on the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)
standard.
The basic standards are 3GPP TS 25.102 ''User Equipment (UE) radio transmission
and reception (TDD)", version V5.5.0 and 3GPP TS 25.221 ''Physical channels and
mapping of transport channels onto physical channels (TDD)", version V5.5.0. When
TD-SCDMA specifications are mentioned in the document, this standard is meant.
In addition to the measurements specified by the TD-SCDMA standard in the code
domain, the application firmware features measurements in the spectral range such as
channel power, adjacent channel power, occupied bandwidth and spectrum emission
mask with predefined settings.
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R&S FS-K77 Installing and Enabling Application Firmware
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 8
2 Installing and Enabling Application
OPTIONS
The OPTIONS softkey opens a submenu in which you can enter the keywords for the
application firmware. The existing applications are displayed in a table that opens
when you enter the submenu.
INSTALL
OPTION
The INSTALL OPTION softkey enables entry of the keyword for an application
firmware.
A keyword can be entered in the entry field. If the keyword is valid, the message
OPTION KEY OK is displayed and the application firmware is entered in the
FIRMWARE OPTIONS table.
If an invalid keyword is entered, OPTION KEY INVALID is displayed.
If the version of the application firmware and that of the basic firmware are not
compatible, you see a corresponding message. In this case, follow the instructions in the
above chapter "Installation".
Firmware
2.1 Installation
If the Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 is not yet installed on the unit, a firmware
update is necessary. This has already been done in the case of installation at the
factory.
You must install appropriate basic firmware on the analyzer to enable installation of the
application firmware. Refer to the release notes of the current Application Firmware
R&S FS-K77 for compatible versions.
If the basic firmware has to be updated, start the update with the floppy disks
containing the basic firmware by SETUP NEXT FIRMWARE UPDATE.
If the correct basic firmware is installed, start the update for the application firmware
from the floppy disks containing the Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 by the the
same operation SETUP NEXT FIRMWARE UPDATE.
After installation of the application firmware, you must enable it as described below.
2.2 Enabling
The Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 is enabled in the SETUP GENERAL SETUP
menu by entering a keyword. The keyword comes with the application firmware. If the
application is installed at the factory it will already be enabled.
GENERAL SETUP menu:
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 9
3 Getting Started
The following chapter explains basic TD-SCDMA mobile station tests using a setup
with the Signal Generator R&S SMIQ as the device under test. It describes how to
avoid operating and measuring errors by correct default settings.
The measurement screen is presented in Chapter 6 for the different measurements.
Your attention is drawn to important settings exemplifying how to avoid errors during
measurement. The correct setting is followed by a demonstration of the effect of an
incorrect setting. The following measurements are performed:
● Measurement 1: measuring signal spectrum
● Measurement 2: measuring spectrum emission mask
● Measurement 3: measuring relative code domain power and frequency error
─ Setting: center frequency
─ Setting: scrambling code
● Measurement 4: measuring composite EVM
● Measurement 5: measuring peak code domain error
● Measurement 6: measuring RHO factor
TD-SCDMA raw data are created with the R&S WinIQSIM Software and loaded in the
arbitrary waveform generator of the R&S SMIQ.
Measurements are performed with the following units and accessories:
● Spectrum Analyzer R&S FSU, R&S FSP or Signal Analyzer R&S FSQ with
Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 mobile station test for TD-SCDMA.
● Vector Signal Generator R&S SMIQ with hardware options B11 Data Generator,
B20 Modulation Coder and B60 Arbitrary Waveform Generator plus firmware
version 5.70 or higher with enabled option K14 TD-SCDMA and R&S SMIQ-Z5
PARDATA BNC Adapter for an external trigger signal.
● A PC that is either connected to the R&S SMIQ by a serial cable or has an
IEC/IEEE bus card and is connected to the R&S SMIQ by an IEC/IEEE bus cable.
Installed on this PC is the R&S WinIQSIM Software 4.00 or higher. You can
download this software from the Rohde & Schwarz Internet site http://www.rohde-
schwarz.com.
● One coaxial cable, 50 , approximately 1 m, N connector.
● Two coaxial cables, 50 , approximately 1 m, BNC connector.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 10
3.1 Generating TD-SCDMA signal with R&S WinIQSIM
Start and select
standard:
► Start WinIQSIM.exe.
► In the File menu select New and in the following list TD-SCDMA. The Block
Diagram - TD-SCDMA dialog appears.
► Select TD-SCDMA Configuration to configure the TD-SCDMA signal, and the
following dialog opens:
Figure 1 R&S WinIQSIM - TD-SCDMA configuration
Set transmit filter:
► Select Filtering to configure the TD-SCDMA transmit filter. Increase Impulse
Length to 120.
Figure 2 R&S WinIQSIM - transmit filter settings
You can download the R&S WinIQSIM Software from http://www.rohde-schwarz.com
and install it on a PC. Using the R&S WinIQSIM Software you can generate TDSCDMA signals and then transfer them to an R&S SMIQ or R&S AMIQ. In what follows
you learn how to generate a test signal to TD-SCDMA specifications. You are assumed
to be using R&S WinIQSIM version 4.00 or higher.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 11
Configure
subframe:
Set as follows in TD-SCDMA Cell Configuration for a signal with one channel in
slot 1. The Scrambling Code must be kept on 0. Set Mode to Uplink only and
select Cell 1 to edit.
Slot 1 must be On:
Figure 3 R&S WinIQSIM - subframe configuration
Set channels:
For synchronization of the Application Software R&S FS-K77, an arbitrary channel
in an uplink slot must be active. For instant, choose a channel with "gross data
rate'': 17.6 kbps (SF 16) and "Spr. Code'' 0 in slot 1. The MA Shift should be set to
120 for a valid code/midamble allocation (An invalid code/midamble allocation
influences the channel table only and has no effect on the other measurements or
synchronization). Other channels in slot 1 are not activated. After completing your
settings, normalize the power of the channels by clicking on Adjust Total Power
to 0 dB.
Figure 4 R&S WinIQSIM - channel settings in slot 0
The MA shift parameter in R&S WinIQSIM relates directly to the number of bits by which a
basic midamble is cyclically shifted. This parameter does not correspond to the midamble
shift parameter in TD-SCDMA specifications and in the Application Firmware R&S FSK77 mobile station test for TD-SCDMA.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 12
Define trigger settings:
Now you have to set the trigger settings in the ARB, SMIQ (ARB) menu,
item Trigger Output. Current Mode: Restart Clock (SEQUENCE) is
defined for Mode 1. The trigger at the subframe limit then appears every
5 ms on TRIG1 of the R&S SMIQ Z5 BNC Adapter.
Figure 5 R&S WinIQSIM - trigger settings
Save and transfer to R&S
SMIQ:
Use File|Save Settings As to save this TD-SCDMA configuration as a
file named 'TDS_UE.IQS'.
Connect the R&S SMIQ either serially or by an IEC/IEEE bus card and
IEC/IEEE bus cable, and load the generated signal to the R&S SMIQ
under the name 'TDS_BS' in the SMIQ|Transmission menu.
3.2 Trigger settings and synchronisation
Contrary to downlink signals with DwPTS, there is normally no permanent pilot slot in
uplink. The UpPTS is used for the initial cell search and handover only. This impacts
the synchronisation and trigger of uplink signals.
For measurement of TD-SCDMA uplink signals the following trigger settings are
available:
● Free Run (Code Domain Analyser only)
● Extern
● IF Power
● RF Power (FSP with Option FSP-B6 only)
As an external trigger a subframe trigger is expected. An unambiguous slot assignment
is possible with subframe trigger only. When using IF or RF power trigger, only one
slot is allowed to be active. This slot is always assumed to be slot 1 (first slot after
UpPTS).
Within the code domain analyser the free run trigger can be used. In free run mode a
valid slot allocation will be searched, so that the first active uplink slot of a subframe is
placed on slot 1. If an UpPTS is found within the captured signal, it will be used as
timing reference for slot allocation.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 13
Example for free run trigger mode:
UpPT
S
(160 chips)
DPTS
(96 chips)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Slot No.
Subframe 5ms (6400chi
p
)
GP (96 chips)
Parameters
Setting
Digital standard
TD-SCDMA
Sweep
CONTINUOUS
CDP mode
CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH
Trigger setting
FREE RUN
Scrambling code
0
Max. number midamble shifts
16
Threshold for inactive channel
-40 dB
Channel
1.16
Slot number
1
Capture length
7 slots
Evaluation
Screen A: CODE PWR RELATIVE
Screen B: RESULT SUMMARY
[<Key>]
Press a key on the front panel, e.g. [FREQ].
[<SOFTKEY>]
Press a softkey, e.g. [MARKER -> PEAK].
[<nn unit>]
Enter a value and terminate with the unit, e.g. [12 kHz].
[<Key>]
Press a key on the front panel, e.g. [FREQ].
<MENU>
Select a menu, parameter or setting, e.g. DIGITAL STD. The menu level is
identified by indenting.
<nn unit>
Enter a value and terminate with the unit, e.g. 12 kHz.
A TD-SCDMA uplink signal uses slots 2 and 3 and there is no UpPTS. The code
domain analyser will show an occupancy of slots 1 and 2.
Figure 6 Structure of the subframe
3.3 Basic settings in TD-SCDMA MS mode
In the default setting after preset the analyzer is in spectrum mode. The following
default settings of code domain measurement are not activated until you select TDSCDMA MS mode with the TDS UE hotkey.
Table 3-1: Default settings of code domain measurement after preset
The following conventions apply to the presentation of settings on the analyzer:
The following conventions apply to the presentation of settings on the R&S SMIQ:
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 14
3.4 Measurement 1: Measuring signal power
Test setup:
► Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer
(coaxial cable with N connectors).
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
[PRESET]
[LEVEL: 0 dBm]
[FREQ: 2020.0 MHz]
ARB MOD
SET SMIQ ACCORDING TO WAVEFORM ...
SET SMIQ ACCORDING TO WAVEFORM ... ON
TRIGGER OUT MODE ON
(These settings are only needed once after presetting the generator and serve for
automatically adopting the trigger setting from the waveform file generated by R&S
WinIQSIM in ARB MOD. This is especially convenient when changing between
different waveforms.)
SELECT WAVEFORM... Select name 'TDS_UE'
STATE: ON
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[MEAS: POWER]
[ADAPT TO SIGNAL]
[AUTO LEVEL&TIME]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
● Spectrum of the TD-SCDMA signal over the active slot
● Channel power within 1.6 MHz bandwidth
Measurement of the spectrum gives an overview of the TD-SCDMA signal and
spurious emissions close to the carrier. This example uses IF-Power trigger. Only one
slot is allowed to be active.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 15
3.5 Measurement 2: Measuring spectrum emission mask
Test setup:
► Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer
(coaxial cable with N connectors).
► Connect the external triggering of the analyzer (EXT TRIG GATE) to the R&S
SMIQ trigger (TRIGOUT1 to PARDATA).
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[MEAS: SPECTRUM EM MASK]
[TRIGGER: EXTERN]
[ADAPT TO SIGNAL]
[AUTO LEVEL&TIME]
[START SLOT: 1]
[STOP SLOT: 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
● Spectrum of the TD-SCDMA signal over slot 1
● The limit line defined in the standard
● Statement of limit line violation (passed/failed)
TD-SCDMA specifications require a measurement that monitors maintenance of a
spectral mask within at least 4.0 MHz of the TD-SCDMA carrier. To judge power
emissions, the signal power is measured with a 30 kHz filter up to 2.4 MHz and with a
1 MHz filter between 2.4 and 4 MHz. The resulting curve is compared to a limit line
defined in TD-SCDMA specifications. This example uses external trigger.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 16
3.6 Measurement 3: Measuring relative code domain power
Test setup:
► Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer.
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[ADJUST REF LEVEL]
[SELECT SLOT: 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
Screen A: Code domain power of the signal in slot 1
Screen B: Numeric results of CDP measurement including the
frequency error
Test setup:
► Connect the reference input (EXT REF IN / OUT) on the rear panel of the
analyzer to the reference output (REF) on the rear of the R&S SMIQ (coaxial
cable with BNC connectors).
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
As for measurement 3, plus
[SETUP: REFERENCE EXT]
Measurement on
analyzer:
Screen B: Frequency error: The indicated frequency error should be < 10 Hz.
and frequency error
What follows is a measurement of the code domain power. The basic parameters of
CDP measurements, which allow analysis of the signal, are changed one after another
from values adapted to the measurement signal to non-adapted values to demonstrate
the resulting effects.
3.7 Setting: Synchronizing reference frequencies
Synchronizing the transmitter and receiver to the same reference frequency reduces
the frequency error.
The reference frequencies of the analyzer and device under test should be
synchronized.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 17
3.8 Setting: Response to deviating center frequency setting
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
► Detune the center frequency of the signal generator in 0.5 kHz increments and
observe the analyzer screen while doing so.
Measurement on
analyzer:
● Up to a frequency deviation of about 4.9 kHz a CDP measurement is still
possible on the analyzer. There is no apparent difference in the accuracy of
CDP measurement up to this frequency error.
● Above a frequency deviation of about 5 kHz, a CDP measurement becomes
impossible. The "Sync Failed" message appears.
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
► Reset the signal generator center frequency to 2020.0 MHz:
[FREQ: 2020.0 MHz]
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
Set the scrambling code to a wrong figure:
[SETTINGS: SCRAMBLING CODE 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The "Sync Failed" message appears. In some cases a wrong scrambling code will
lead to display of a valid signal but with the wrong channel occupancy!
Settings on
analyzer:
Set the scrambling code to the correct figure:
[SETTINGS: SCRAMBLING CODE 0]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The CDP display again shows the test model.
The following shows the response of the DUT and analyzer to a deviating center
frequency setting.
The analyzer center frequency should not offset from the DUT frequency by
more than 4.9 kHz.
3.9 Setting: Response to wrong scrambling code
You can only perform a valid CDP measurement if the scrambling code set on the
analyzer matches that of the transmit signal.
The setting of the scrambling code on the analyzer must agree with that of the
signal to be measured.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 18
3.10 Measurement 4: Measuring composite EVM
Test setup:
► Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer
(coaxial cable with N connectors).
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[ADJUST REF LEVEL]
[RESULTS COMPOSITE EVM]
[SELECT SLOT: 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
Screen A: Code domain power of the signal in slot 1
Screen B: Composite EVM (EVM for total signal)
EVM measurement serves no purpose In inactive slots. No figure is displayed.
Composite EVM is a measurement of the mean square error of the total signal required
by TD-SCDMA specifications.
An ideal reference signal is generated from the demodulated data. The test signal and
reference signal are compared; the square deviation produces the composite EVM.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 19
3.11 Measurement 5: Measuring peak code domain error
Test setup:
Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer (coaxial
cable with N connectors).
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[ADJUST REF LEVEL]
[RESULTS PK CODE DOM ERROR]
[SELECT SLOT: 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
Screen A: Code domain power of the signal in slot 1
Screen B: Peak code domain error (for spreading factor 16)
Peak code domain error measurement serves no purpose In inactive slots. No figure is
displayed.
An ideal reference signal is generated from the demodulated data for peak code
domain error measurement. The test signal and reference signal are compared; the
difference between the two signals is projected to the class of the spreading factor 16.
The peak code domain error is obtained by summing over the symbols of each slot of
the difference signal and searching for the maximum error code.
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R&S FS-K77 Getting Started
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 20
3.12 Measurement 6: Measuring RHO factor
Test setup:
Connect the RF output of the R&S SMIQ to the RF input of the analyzer.
Settings on R&S
SMIQ:
R&S SMIQ settings as for measurement 1.
Settings on
analyzer:
[PRESET]
[FREQUENCY: 2020.0 MHz]
[TDS UE]
[ADJUST REF LEVEL]
[SELECT SLOT: 1]
Measurement on
analyzer:
The following is displayed:
Screen A: Code domain power of the signal in slot 1
Screen B: Numeric results of CDP measurement in slot 1
including the RHO factor
What follows is a measurement of the RHO factor.
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R&S FS-K77 Setup for Mobile station Tests
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 21
4 Setup for Mobile station Tests
Any non-compliance with these precautions may cause damage to the
instrument.
Before putting the unit into operation, make sure that:
● The housing covers are in place and their screws have been tightened.
● Vent holes are not obstructed.
● No signal voltage levels above permissible limits are applied to the inputs.
The outputs of the instrument are not overloaded or wrongly connected.
0
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
. -
ESC
1129.9003.03
FCTN
ENTER
CANCEL
MEAS TRIG
FREQ
MKR
AMPTSPAN
MKR
MKR
BW SWEEP
TRACE
LINES
DISP
FILE
GHz
MHz
kHz
Hz
-dBm
dBm
dB
dB..
CAL
SETUP
PRESET
HCOPY
SPECTRUM ANALYZER 20Hz . . . 3.6GHz
..
FSU
BACK
s
V
ms
mV
µs
µV
ns
nV
PREV NEXT
MADE IN GERMANY
.
POWER SENSOR
GEN OUTPUT 50
AF OUTPUT
RF INPUT50EXT MIXER
LO OUT/ IF INIF IN
MAX+30 dBm / 0V DC
KEYBOARD
MAX 0V DC
PROBE POWER
I IN
Q IN
NOISE SOURCE
UE
EXT TRIGGER
RF
INPUT
TX SIGNAL
EXTERNAL REFERENCE SIGNAL
EXT
REF
EXTERNAL
ATTENUATION
Subframe Trigger
(Optional)
This chapter describes the default settings of the analyzer for operation as a TDSCDMA mobile station tester. A requisite before starting is that the analyzer is correctly
configured and powered, as described in Chapter 1 of the operating manual for the
basic unit. Furthermore, the Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 must be enabled.
Installation and enabling of the application firmware are described in Chapter 1 of this
software manual.
4.1 Standard test setup
Figure 7 MS test setup
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R&S FS-K77 Setup for Mobile station Tests
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 22
► Connect the antenna output (or TX output) of the mobile station to the RF input of
Max. power
Recommended
external attenuation
55 to 60 dBm
35 to 40 dB
50 to 55 dBm
30 to 35 dB
45 to 50 dBm
25 to 30 dB
40 to 45 dBm
20 to 25 dB
35 to 40 dBm
15 to 20 dB
30 to 35 dBm
10 to 15 dB
25 to 30 dBm
5 to 10 dB
20 to 25 dBm
0 to 5 dB
< 20 dBm
0 dB
the analyzer through a power attenuator exhibiting suitable attenuation.
The following values for external attenuation are recommended to ensure that the
RF input of the analyzer is protected and the unit's sensitivity is not excessively
degraded:
► For signal measurements at the output of twoport networks, connect the reference
frequency of the signal source to the rear reference input of the analyzer (EXT
REF IN / OUT).
► To ensure adherence to the error limits required by TD-SCDMA specifications for
frequency measurements on mobile stations, the analyzer must be operated on
an external reference. A rubidium frequency standard is a possible reference
source.
► If the mobile station has a subframe trigger output, connect it to the rear trigger
input of the analyzer (EXT TRIG GATE).
4.2 Default setting
► Enter the external attenuation. [AMPT] [NEXT] [REF LVL OFFSET]
► Enter the reference level. [AMPT]
► Enter the center frequency. [FREQUENCY]
► Set the trigger. [TRIG]
► If used, switch on the external reference. [SETUP] [REF: EXT]
► Select the standard and the required measurement. [TDS UE] [RESULTS]
► Set the scrambling code. [SETTINGS] [SCRAMBLING CODE]
► Set the maximum number of midambles. [SETTINGS] [MA SHIFTS CELL]
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R&S FS-K77 Menu Overview
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 23
5 Menu Overview
RESULTS
SCREEN B
SETTINGS
EXIT TDS
CHAN CONF
MEAS
CODE CHAN
PREDEFINED
CODE CHAN
AUTOSEARCH
EDIT CHAN
CONF TABLE
NEW CHAN
CONF TABLE
DEL CHAN
CONF TABLE
COPY CHAN
CONF TABLE
INSERT
LINE
ADD
SPECIAL
HEADERS
VALUES
DELETE
LINE
SAVE TABLE
MEAS CHAN
CONF TABLE
SELECT
SLOT
CODE DOM
POWER
RESULT
SUMMARY
SELECT
CHANNEL
CODE DOM
ERROR
POWER
VS SLOT
COMPOSITE
EVM
PK CODE
DOM ERR
SELECT
SELECT
SYMBOL
CONST
ADJUST
REF LVL
SYMBOL
EVM
BITSTREAM
POWER
VS SYMBOL
CODE DOM
ANALYZER
ACLR
POWER
VS TIME
OCCUPIED
BANDWITH
SPECTRUM
EM MASK
SORT
CODE
CH TABLE
CODE
CH TABLE
MIDAMBLE
CHANNEL
TABLE
POWER
COMPOSITE
CONST
SIGNAL
STATISTIC
PAGE UP
PAGE DOWN
SELECT
SLOT
SELECT
CHANNEL
LENGTH
SET
COUNT
SET TO
ANALYZE
MAX MOD
<64QUAM>
MA SHIFTS
CELL
SIDE BAND
NORM INV
INACT CHAN
THRESHOLD
INVERT Q
ON OFF
CODE PWR
ABS REL
CAPTURE
SETTINGS
SCRAMBLING
CODE
NORMALIZE
ON OFF
SYNC
TO SLOT
SYNC TO
CODE MA
ROTADE
CODE MA
SELECT
CHANNEL
ADJUST
REF LVL
SPECTRUM SCREEN B
TDS UE
The Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 (TD-SCDMA mobile station tests) expands the
analyzer by RF and code domain power measurements for the TD-SCDMA reverse link
mobile radio standard.
Figure 8 Hotkey bar with enabled Application Firmware R&S FS-K77
After you call up the application firmware with the TDS UE hotkey, a new hotkey bar
appears at the bottom edge of the screen and the code domain analyzer is selected
and started.
Figure 9 Overview of menus in Application Firmware R&S FS-K77
The code domain analyzer can produce different kinds of results. These can be
selected by the RESULTS hotkey. The SETTINGS hotkey is used to configure the
application firmware. In this menu you can set the scrambling code of the mobile
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R&S FS-K77 Menu Overview
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 24
station for example. The CHAN CONF hotkey sets the channel search mode for the
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
The following user-specific settings are adopted as follows:
External trigger sources and IF/RF power trigger are preserved, while all other trigger sources result in FREE
RUN mode.
Additional trigger settings are preserved.
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
The following user-specific settings are adopted as follows:
The trigger source is switched to FREE RUN and an analyzer frequency sweep is set with the span equal to
double the center frequency, or the maximum possible span, so that in any case the center frequency remains
unchanged.
code domain analyzer. Own channel tables.can also be defined.
The MEAS hotkey is identical to the MEAS key (right on the front panel) and is used to
select the different RF measurements or the code domain analyzer.
Selecting the CHAN CONF or RESULTS hotkey automatically switches to the code
domain analyzer.
Pressing the EXIT TDS hotkey exits from R&S FS-K77. The hotkey bar of the basic
unit appears again and the analyzer goes into the default SPECTRUM mode.
Change from SPECTRUM mode to application firmware:
Change from application firmware to SPECTRUM mode:
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R&S FS-K77 Menu Overview
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 25
The measurements available in R&S FS-K77 can be selected by the MEAS hotkey or
MEAS
MEAS
CODE DOM
ANALYZER
ACLR
OCCUPIED
BANDWITH
SPECTRUM
EM MASK
NO. OF
ADJ CHAN
NOISE CORR
ON OFF
ACLR
ABS REL
ADJUST
SETTINGS
EDIT
ACLR LIMIT
ACLR LIMIT
CHECK
CHAN PWR
/ HZ
FAST ACLR
ON OFF
LIMIT LINE
USER
RESTORE
STD LINES
LIMIT LINE
AUTO
NAME
INSERT
VALUE
VALUES
DELETE
VALUE
SHIFT Y
LIMIT LINE
SHIFT X
LIMIT LINE
SAVE
LIMIT LINE
FREQUENCY
LINE 1
DISPLAY
LINE 2
FREQUENCY
LINE 2
TIME
LINE 1
SHIFT X
LIMIT LINE
TIME
LINE 2
DISPLAY
LINE 1
SELECT
LIMIT LINE
DISPLAY
LINES
X OFFSET
Y OFFSET
% POWER
BANDWITH
ADJUST
SETTINGS
ADJ CHAN
SPACING
DIAGRAM
FULLSIZE
SWEEP
TIME
POWER
VS TIME
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
NO OF
SUBFRAMES
CH TABLE
CODE
MIDAMBLE
POWER
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
START
SLOT
STOP
SLOT
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
RESTORE
STD LINES
SIGNAL
STATISTIC
CODE DOM
POWER
RESULT
SUMMARY
SELECT
CHANNEL
CODE DOM
ERROR
POWER
VS SLOT
COMPOSITE
EVM
PEAK CODE
DOMAIN ERR
SLOT
SELECT
CHANNEL
SYMBOL
CONST
ADJUST
REF LVL
SYMBOL
EVM
BITSTREAM
POWER
VS SYMBOL
CHANNEL
TABLE
COMPOSITE
CONST
PERCENT
MARKER
NO OF
SAMPLES
SCALING
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
CONT
MEAS
SINGLE
MEAS
X-AXIS
REF LEVEL
X-AXIS
RANGE
Y-AXIS
MAX VALUE
Y-AXIS
MIN VALUE
ADJUST
SETTINGS
DEFAULT
SETTINGS
APD
CCDF
PAGE UP
PAGE DOWN
POWER
MODE
ADJ SPAN
BANDWIDTH
SLOT
ADJUST
REF LVL
Y-UNIT
% ABS
MEAN PWR
POSITION
NEW LIMIT
LINE
EDIT LIMIT
LINE
COPY
LIMIT LINE
DELETE
LIMIT LINE
LIST
EVALUATION
MEAS STD
7.5.0 7.6.0
START
MEAS
HIGH
DYNAMIC
Y-UNIT
% ABS
the MEAS key:
Figure 10 Overview of menus
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 26
6 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
ACLR
POWER
ANALYZER
OCCUPIED
BANDWITH
SPECTRUM
EM MASK
MEAS
STATISTIC
CODE DOM
POWER
VS TIME
SIGNAL
The major measurements of the TD-SCDMA specifications for mobile stations can be
selected by the MEAS hotkey and the MEAS key. They are explained below with
reference to the softkey functions.
The CODE DOM ANALYZER softkey activates the code domain analyzer and takes
you to the submenus for selecting the results. Changing the occupancy of the hotkey
bar when entering the application ensures that the major parameters of the code
domain analyzer can be directly accessed on the hotkey bar.
The POWER, ACLR, SPECTRUM EM MASK, OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH and POWER
VS TIME softkeys activate mobile station measurements with predefined settings that
are performed in SPECTRUM mode of the basic unit. The measurements are
performed with the parameters of the TD-SCDMA specifications. Subsequent alteration
of the settings is possible.
MEAS key or MEAS hotkeys
The MEAS hotkey or the MEAS key opens a submenu for selecting measurements:
● POWER activates channel power measurement with defined defaults in
SPECTRUM mode.
● ACLR activates adjacent channel power measurement with defined defaults in
SPECTRUM mode.
● SPECTRUM EM MASK compares the signal power in different carrier offset
ranges with the maximum values of the TD-SCDMA specifications.
● OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH activates measurement of the bandwidth occupied by
the signal.
● POWER VS TIME activates measurement of the signal power versus time with
the template of TD-SCDMA specifications.
● CODE DOM ANALYZER activates the code domain analyzer and opens another
menu for choosing the results. All other menus of the analyzer are matched to the
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 27
functions of the code domain analyzer mode. The code domain analyzer is
Ref
10 dB m
Att
25 dB
*
*
MS,TDS :CHAN POWER
A
GAT
TRG
RBW
30 kH z
VBW
300 k Hz
SWT
340 m s
*
Center
2 GHz
Span
3 MHz
300 kH z/
1 RM
CLRWR
PRN
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Tx Ch annel
TD-SC DMA
Bandw idth 1.6 M Hz
Power 2. 8 8 dB m
1
Marker 1 [T1 ]
-1 2.94 d Bm
1 .99985 6000 G Hz
POWER
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
described in a separate chapter starting on page 49.
● SIGNAL STATISTIC evaluates the signal with regard to its statistical
characteristics (distribution function of the signal amplitudes).
6.1 Measurement of channel power
MEAS key or MEAS hotkey
The POWER softkey activates measurement of channel power of the TD-SCDMA
signal.
The analyzer measures the power of the RF signal within a bandwidth of 1.6 MHz in
selected slots. The power is calculated by summing the values at the trace points. The
bandwidth and the associated channel power are displayed below the measurement
screen.
Figure 11 Power measurement within 1.6 MHz bandwidth
The softkey activates SPECTRUM mode with defined settings:
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 28
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device under
test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
ADJACENT CHAN POWER
ON
FREQUENCY SPAN
3 MHz
EXT GATE
ON
Proceeding from this setting, the analyzer can be operated with all the functionality it
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on
exiting and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
RBW, VBW
Sweep time
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
offers in SPECTRUM mode, i.e. all parameters can be matched to a specific
measurement.
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS POW
Result poll: CALC:MARK:FUNC:POW:RES? CPOW
The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
the analyzer and configuration of the gated sweep mode. Using an RF/IF power
trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
The reference level of the analyzer is matched to the measured channel power. This
ensures that the RF attenuation and reference level settings are optimally matched to
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 29
the signal level without the analyzer being overloaded or the dynamic response limited
AUTO
LEVEL & TIME
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM
Result poll: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM?
START SLOT
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The softkey START SLOT is selectable with external trigger only.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
STOP SLOT
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The softkey STOP SLOT is selectable with external trigger only.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
by too low a signal/noise ratio.
The measurement bandwidth for channel power measurements is considerably less
than the signal bandwidth, so the signal path may be overloaded although the trace is
still well below the reference level.
Power measurements are only possible in gated sweep mode because the TDSCDMA signal is slot-based. So the trigger/subframe relationship must be created and
the slots set that are to be analyzed. Analysis is possible over contiguous slots 1
through 7. Slot 7 corresponds to slot 0 of the following subframe.
The guard period of the stop slot is excluded from the measurement. The sweep time
is adapted to the gate length, so that for every sweep point all selected slots are taken
into account.
If IF/RF power trigger is used, only one slot is allowed to be active. A selection of
start slot and stop slot is not possible.
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 30
6.2 Measurement of adjacent channel power - ACLR
ACLR
NO. OF
ADJ CHAN
FAST ACLR
ON OFF
NOISE CORR
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
FULL SIZE
DIAGRAM
ACLR LIMIT
ACLR LIMIT
CHECK
EDIT
/ HZ
CHAN PWR
ON OFF
SPACING
ADJ CHAN
ACLR
ABS REL
SETTINGS
ADJUST
TIME
SWEEP
MODE
POWER
WRITE
CLEAR/
MAX HOLD
MEAS key or MEAS hotkey
The ACLR (adjacent channel leakage power ratio) softkey activates measurement of
adjacent channel power. Settings and limits are taken from the ACLR measurement
defined in TD-SCDMA specifications.
The analyzer measures the power of the useful channel and of the adjacent left and
right channels in selected slots. In the default setting, only two adjacent channels are
considered. Measurement results are displayed below the measurement screen.
The ACLR limit check can be enabled or disabled by the ACLR LIMIT CHECK softkey.
Page 31
R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 31
Ref
10 dB m
Att
20 dB
*
*
MS,TDS :ADJ C HANNEL
1 RM
CLRWR
A
GAT
TRG
RBW
30 kH z
VBW
300 k Hz
SWT
340 m s
*
*
Center
2 GHz
Span
11.6 M Hz
1.16 M Hz/
PRN
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Tx Ch annel
TD-SC DMA
Bandw idth 1.28 M Hz
Power 2 . 69 d Bm
Adjac ent Ch annel
Bandw idth 1 .28 MH z
Lower - 60 . 3 5 d B
Spaci ng 1.6 M Hz
Upper - 61 . 2 9 d B
Alter nate C hanne l
Bandw idth 1 .28 MH z
Lower - 65 . 0 9 d B
Spaci ng 3.2 M Hz
Upper - 65 . 0 7 d B
1
Marker 1 [T1 ]
-1 3.66 dBm
1 .99985 6000 G Hz
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device
under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
ADJACENT CHAN POWER
ON
ACP STANDARD
TD-SCDMA
NO OF ADJ CHANNELS
2
EXT GATE
ON
Adjacent channel type
Spacing
RBW
Rel. Limit
Adjacent
±1.6 MHz
30 kHz
-33 dB
Alternate
±3.2 MHz
30 kHz
-43 dB
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on exiting
and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
RBW, VBW
Sweep time
SPAN
NO OF ADJ. CHANNELS
FAST ACLR MODUS
Figure 12 Measuring adjacent channel power
The softkey activates SPECTRUM mode with defined settings:
Table 2 Default ACLR settings
Proceeding from this setting, the analyzer can be operated in all the functions it
features in SPECTRUM mode, i.e. all measurement parameters can be matched to the
specific measurement.
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 32
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS ACLR
NO. OF
ADJ CHAN
The NO. OF ADJ CHAN softkey activates entry of the number ±n of adjacent channels
that are taken into account for the adjacent channel powermeasurement.
A number between 0 and 12 can be entered.
The following measurements are performed depending on the number of channels.
0 Only the channel power is measured.
1 The channel power and the power of the upper and lower adjacent channel are
measured.
2 The channel power, the power of the upper and lower adjacent channel and of
the next upper and lower channel (alternate channel 1) are measured.
3 The channel power, the power of the upper and lower adjacent channel and of
the next two upper and two lower channels (alternate channel 1 and alternate
channel 2) are measured.
With higher numbers the procedure is expanded accordingly.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:ACP 2
ADJUST
SETTINGS
All analyzer settings relevant for power measurement within a specific frequency band
(channel bandwidth) are optimally set as a function of channel configuration (channel
bandwidth, channel spacing):
● Frequency span:
The frequency span must at least cover all channels to be considered.
When channel power is measured, the span is set to double the channel
bandwidth.
The setting of the span for adjacent channel power measurement depends on the
channel spacing and channel bandwidth of the adjacent channel ADJ, ALT1 or ALT2
furthest from the transmission channel.
● Resolution bandwidth RBW 1/40 of channel bandwidth
● Video bandwidth VBW 3 RBW
● Detector RMS detector
The trace math and trace averaging functions are switched off.
The reference level is not influenced by ADJUST SETTINGS. It can be separately
adjusted with AUTO LEVEL&TIME.
Adjustment is performed once; if necessary, the unit settings can be modified
afterwards.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:PRES ACP|CPOW|OBW
Result poll: CALC:MARK:FUNC:POW:RES? ACP
For manual setting of the measurement parameters differing from the settings made
with ADJUST SETTINGS, the following must be taken into account for the different
parameters:
Frequency span The frequency span must at least cover all channels to
be measured.
This is the channel bandwidth when channel power is
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 33
measured.
SWEEP
TIME
The SWEEP TIME softkey activates entry of the sweep time. When the RMS detector is
used, a longer sweep time yields more stable results.
This setting is identical to the SWEEP TIME MANUAL setting in the BW menu.
Remote: SWE:TIME <value>
If the frequency span is large compared with the
analyzed frequency section (or frequency sections), only
a few points on the trace are available for the
measurement.
Resolution bandwidth (RBW) To ensure an acceptable measurement speed and also the
necessary selectivity (to reject spectral components
outside the channel you want to measure, especially the
adjacent channels), the resolution bandwidth must be
neither too small nor too large. As a rule of thumb, the
resolution bandwidth should to be set to between 1 and 4%
of the channel bandwidth. A larger resolution bandwidth
can be set if the spectrum within and around the channel
you want to measure has a flat characteristic.
Video bandwidth (VBW) For a correct power measurement, the video signal must
not be limited in terms of bandwidth. A restricted band of
the logarithmic video signal would result in averaging
and thus in too small an indication of the power (-2.51
dB for very small video bandwidths). So the video
bandwidth should be at least three times the resolution
bandwidth.
The ADJUST SETTINGS softkey sets the video
bandwidth (VBW) as a function of the channel
bandwidth as follows:
VBW 3 RBW
Detector The ADJUST SETTINGS softkey selects the RMS
detector.
The RMS detector is selected because it always indicates
the power correctly irrespective of the characteristics of the
signal you want to measure. In principle, even the sample
detector would be possible. However, this would lead to
more unstable results due to the limited number of trace
pixels for calculating the power in the channel. Averaging,
frequently performed to stabilize measurement results,
leads to the level indication being too low and should
therefore be avoided. The reduction in the displayed power
depends on the number of averages and the signal
characteristics in the channel you want to measure.
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 34
NOISE CORR
ON / OFF
If the NOISE CORR ON / OFF softkey is activated, the results are corrected by the
instrument's own inherent noise, which increases the dynamic range.
When the function is switched on, a reference measurement of the instrument's inherent noise
is first made. The measured noise power is then subtracted from the power in the channel
examined. The inherent noise of the instrument depends on the selected center frequency,
resolution bandwidth and level setting. So correction is disabled whenever one of these
parameters is changed, and an appropriate message appears on the screen.
To reactivate correction of the inherent noise with the changed setting, press the softkey once
more. A new reference measurement is then made.
The function can be switched on with trigger FREE RUN or EXTERN. Then it is possible to
change the trigger to an arbitrary mode.
Remote: SENS:POW:NCOR ON
FAST ACLR
ON / OFF
The FAST ACLR ON / OFF softkey toggles between measurement by the IBW method
(FAST ACLR OFF) and measurement in the time domain (FAST ACLR ON).
For FAST ACLR ON the power is measured in the various channels in the time domain.
The analyzer sets its center frequency in succession to the different channel center
frequencies and measures the power with the set measuring time (i.e. sweep
time/number of measured channels). The RBW filters suitable for the selected standard
and frequency offset are used automatically.
The RMS detector is used for correct power measurement. Software correction factors
are not required in this case.
Measured values are output in the form of a table, the power of the useful channel being
specified in dBm and the power of the adjacent channels in dBm (ACLR ABS) or dB
(ACLR REL).
The selected sweep time (= measurement time) depends on the desired reproducibility
of measurement results. The longer the selected sweep time, the better the
reproducibility of results, because power is measured over a longer period of time.
As a rule of thumb it can be assumed that approx. 500 uncorrelated values are required for
reproducibility of 0.5 dB, i.e. 99% of measurements are within 0.5 dB of the true measured
value (applies to white noise). Measured values are considered uncorrelated if their time
spacing corresponds to the reciprocal of the measurement bandwidth (1/BW).
Remote: SENS:POW:HSP ON
DIAGRAM
FULL SIZE
The DIAGRAM FULL SIZE softkey switches the diagram to full screen size.
Remote: DISP:WIND1:SIZE LARG
DISP:WIND1:SIZE SMAL
The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
the analyzer and configuration of gated sweep mode.
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 35
AUTO
LEVEL & TIME
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM
START SLOT
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The gated
mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of a subframe
the gated mode is off.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
STOP SLOT
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The gated
mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of a
subframe the gated mode is off.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
ACLR LIMIT
CHECK
The ACLR LIMIT CHECK softkey switches the limit check for the ACLR measurement
on or off.
Remote: CALC:LIM:ACP ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ACH:RES?
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT1..11:RES?
EDIT ACLR
LIMIT
The default setting of the limits when starting adjacent channel power measurement is
defined as in the table on page 31. A table can be opened in ACLR measurement by the
EDIT ACLR LIMIT softkey in which limits for ACLR measurement can be modified.
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
The softkeys START SLOT and STOP SLOT are selectable with external trigger
only.
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 36
ACP L IMITS
CHAN
RE LATIV E LIM IT CHECK
AB SOLUT E LIM IT CHECK
VAL UE
ON
VAL UE
ON
ADJ
-33 d Bc
û
0 dB m
ALT1
-43 d Bc
û
0 dB m
ALT2
0 dB c
0 dB m
The following rules apply for limit values:
● A limit value can be defined for each of the adjacent channels. The limit value
applies to both the upper and lower adjacent channel.
● A relative limit and/or an absolute limit can be defined. The check can be activated
separately for the two limit values.
● Compliance with active limit values is checked irrespective of whether absolute or
relative limits are specified or whether the measurement itself is performed with
absolute levels or a relative level ratio. If the two checks are active and the higher of the
two levels is exceeded, the respective value will be marked.
Note:
Measured values violating the limit are printed red and preceded by an asterisk.
Remote: CALC:LIM:ACP ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ACH 0dB,0dB
CALC:LIM:ACP:ACH:STAT ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ACH:ABS -10dBm,-10dBm
CALC:LIM:ACP:ACH:ABS:STAT ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT1 0dB,0dB
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT1:STAT ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT1:ABS -10dBm,-10dBm
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT1:ABS:STAT ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT2..11 0dB,0dB
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT2..11:STAT ON
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT2..11:ABS -10dBm,-10dBm
CALC:LIM:ACP:ALT2..11:ABS:STAT ON
ADJ CHAN
SPACING
The ADJ CHAN SPACING softkey opens a table for defining the channel spacings.
CHANNEL SPACING
CHAN SPACING
ADJ 1.6 MHz
ALT1 3.2 MHz
ALT2 4.8 MHz
Adjacent channels frequently have identical spacings, so entering the adjacent channel
spacing ADJ sets channel ALT1 to twice and channel ALT2 to three times the channel
spacing of the adjacent channel. This means that only one value has to be entered when
channel spacings are identical. The same applies to the ALT2 channel when entering
the spacing of the ALT1 channel.
Note:
Channel spacings can be set independently of each other by overwriting the table from
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 37
top to bottom.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:SPAC:ACH 1.6MHz
SENS:POW:ACH:SPAC:ALT1 3.2MHz
SENS:POW:ACH:SPAC:ALT2..11 4.8MHz
ACLR
ABS / REL
The ACLR ABS / REL softkey toggles between absolute and relative measurement of
the channel power.
ACLR ABS The absolute value of the power in the transmission channel and the
adjacent channels is displayed in the units of the Y axis, e.g. dBm, dBV.
ACLR REL In adjacent channel power measurement (NO. OF ADJ CHAN > 0), the
level of the adjacent channels is displayed relative to the level of the
transmission channel in dBc.
With linear scaling of the Y axis, the relative power (CP/CP
ref
) of the new
channel to the reference channel is displayed. With dB scaling, the
logarithmic ratio 10lg (CP/CP
ref
) is displayed. This means that the
relative channel power measurement can also be used for general
adjacent channel power measurements. Each channel is measured
separately in this latter instance.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:MODE ABS
CHAN PWR
/ HZ
The CHAN PWR / HZ softkey toggles between measurement of the total power in the
channel and power measurement referred to 1 Hz bandwidth. The conversion factor is
.
Remote: CALC:MARK:FUNC:POW:RES:PHZ ON|OFF
BandwidthChannel
1
lg10
MODE
POWER
WRITE
CLEAR/
MAX HOLD
The POWER MODE sub menu allows to change between the normal (CLEAR/WRITE)
and the max hold power mode. In the CLEAR/WRITE the channel power and the
adjacent channel powers are calculated directly from the current trace. In MAX HOLD
mode the power values are still derived from the current trace, but they are compared
with a maximum algorithm to the previous power value. The greater value is remained.
Remote: CALC:MARK:FUNC:POW:MODE WRIT|MAXH
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6.3 Checking signal power - SPECTRUM EM MASK
USER
LIMIT LINE
STD LINES
RESTORE
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SPECTRUM
EM MASK
AUTO
LIMIT LINE
A
TRG
MS,TDS :SP EM MASK
Ref
10 dB m
Att
20 dB
SWT
340 m s
1 RM
CLRWR
800 kH z/
Center
2 GHz
Span
8 MHz
*
GAT
*
PRN
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
1
Marker 1 [T1 ]
-1 3.18 dB m
1 .99985 6000 GH z
CH PWR 2.69 dB m
LIMIT CHECK PASS
TDSM
MEAS key or MEAS hotkey
The SPECTRUM EM MASK (spectrum emission mask) softkey starts determination of
the power of selected slots of the TD-SCDMA signal at defined offsets from the carrier
and compares the power with the spectrum emission mask of TD-SCDMA
specifications in the near-carrier range from -4 MHz to 4 MHz.
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Figure 13 Measurement of spectrum emission mask
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device under
test is preserved:
Reference Level + Rev Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
ADJACENT CHAN POWER
ON
ACP STANDARD
TD-SCDMA
NO. OF ADJ. CHANNELS
0
FREQUENCY SPAN
8 MHz
DETECTOR
RMS
EXT GATE
ON
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on
exiting and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
Sweep time
SPAN
The LIMIT LINE AUTO softkey automatically selects the limit line according to the
TD-SCDMA standard
The softkey is activated when you enter spectrum emission mask measurement.
Remote: CALC:LIM:ESP:MODE AUTO
Offset frequency
Limit
Type/name
TDSBCA.LIM
RBW
0.8 MHz
-35 dBc
Relativ
30 kHz
0.8 MHz - 1.8 MHz
Relativ
30 kHz
1.8 MHz - 2.4 MHz
Relativ
30 kHz
2.4 MHz - 4.0 MHz
-49 dBc
Relativ
1 MHz
dBc
MHz
f
8.01435
dBc
MHz
f
8.12549
The softkey activates spectrum mode with defined settings:
Proceeding from these settings, the analyzer can be operated in many functions
featured in SPECTRUM mode. Changing of the RBW and VBW is limited because they
are set by the definition of the limits.
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS ESP
Result poll: CALC:LIM:FAIL?
Query of results of worst fail: CALC:LIM:ESP:CHECk:X?
CALC:LIM:ESP:CHECk:Y?
The definition of the limit line names is described under the LIMIT LINE USER softkey.
Table 3: Spectrum Emission Mask
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Changeover of the RBW is necessary in this instance. The 1 MHz channel filter is used
LIMIT LINE
USER
The LIMIT LINE USER softkey activates the entry of user-defined limit lines. The
softkey opens the menus of the limit line editor, which may be familiar from the basic
unit.
The following limit line settings are recommended for mobile station tests:
Trace 1, Domain frequency, X-scaling relative, Y-scaling absolute, Spacing linear,
Unit dBm.
Unlike the default limit lines on the unit that conform to standard specifications when the
analyzer is supplied, a user-specified limit line for the whole frequency range (4.0 MHz
from the carrier) can only be either relative (to the reference level) or absolute.
Remote: see Table of softkeys with assignment of Remotes
RESTORE STD
LINES
The RESTORE STD LINES softkey restores the limit lines defined in the standard
to what they were when the unit was supplied. In this way accidental overwriting of
the standard lines can be undone.
Remote: CALC:LIM:ESP:REST
LIST
EVALUATION
The softkey LIST EVALUATION reconfigures the SEM output to a split screen. In
the upper half the trace with the limit line is shown. In the lower half the peak value
list is shown. For every range of the spectrum emission defined by the standard the
peak value is listed. For every peak value the frequency, the absolute power, the
relative power to the channel power and the delta limit to the limit line is shown. As
long as the delta limit is negative, the peak value is below the limit line. A positive
delta indicates a failed value. The results are then colored in red, and a star is
indicated at the end of the row, for indicating the fail on a black and white printout.
If the list evaluation is active, the peak list function is not available.
Remote: CALC1:PEAK:AUTO ON | OFF
MEAS STD
7.5.0 7.6.0
The softkey MEAS STD selects the SEM limits according to the 3GPP Standard
version 7.5.0 or according to version 7.6.0 or newer. The default is the newer
version 7.6.0
Remote: SENS:CDP:STAN:REL R750 | R760
for the 1 MHz segments.
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The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
The softkeys START SLOT and STOP SLOT are selectable with external trigger
only.
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
the analyzer and configuration of gated sweep mode.
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
Remotes: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
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6.4 Measurement of bandwidth occupied by signal -
Ref
10 dBm
Att
20 dB
*
MS,TDS :OCC BA NDWDT
1 RM
CLRWR
A
GAT
TRG
SWT
340 ms
*
RBW
30 kH z
VBW
300 kH z
*
*
Center
2 GHz
Span
4.8 MHz
480 kH z/
PRN
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
1
Marker 1 [T1 ]
-13 .37 dBm
1. 999856 000 GHz
OBW 1. 411200 000 MHz
T1
Temp 1 [T1 OB W]
-19 .68 dBm
1. 999289 600 GHz
T2
Temp 2 [T1 OB W]
-19 .70 dBm
2. 000700 800 GHz
OCCUPIED
BANDWITH
% POWER
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SETTINGS
ADJUST
BANDWITH
OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH
MEAS key or MEAS hotkey
The OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH softkey activates measurement of the bandwidth
occupied by the signal in selected slots.
This measurement determines the bandwidth in which - in the initial state - 99% of the
signal power is found. The percentage signal power to be included in the bandwidth
measurement can be modified. The bandwidth and the frequency markers for
measurement are shown in the marker field in the top right corner of the display.
Figure 14 Measuring occupied bandwidth
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The softkey activates SPECTRUM mode with defined settings:
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device
under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH
ON
FREQUENCY SPAN
4.8 MHz
RBW
30 kHz
VBW
300 kHz
DETECTOR
RMS
EXT GATE
ON
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on
exiting and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
RBW, VBW
Sweep time
SPAN
% POWER
BANDWIDTH
The % POWER BANDWIDTH softkey opens a box for entering the percentage
power referred to the total power in the displayed frequency range by which the
occupied bandwidth is defined (percentage of total power).
The permissible range is 10 to 99.9%.
Remote: SENS:POW:BWID 99PCT
ADJUST
SETTINGS
The ADJUST SETTINGS softkey matches the analyzer unit settings to the specified
channel bandwidth for measurement of the occupied bandwidth.
All analyzer settings relevant to power measurement within a certain frequency range
(channel bandwidth) such as:
● Frequency span 3 x channel width
● Resolution bandwidth RBW 1/40 of channel bandwidth
● Video bandwidth VBW 3 RBW
● Detector RMS
are optimized.
The reference level is not influenced by ADJUST SETTINGS. It must be set for
optimum dynamic range so that the maximum signal is close to the reference level.
Adjustment is performed only once but, if necessary, the unit settings may be
changed afterwards.
Remote: SENS:POW:PRES OBW
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS OBAN
Result poll: CALC:MARK:FUNC:POW:RES? OBAN
The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
the analyzer and configuration of gated sweep mode.
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ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The softkeys START SLOT and STOP SLOT are selectable with external trigger
only.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIMe
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
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6.5 Signal power versus time - POWER VS TIME
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
POWER
VS TIME
NO OF
SUBFRAMES
RESTORE
STD LINES
START
MEAS
HIGH
DYNAMIC
MEAS key or MEAS hotkey
The POWER VS TIME softkey activates measurement of signal power versus time.
In this measurement the subframe start is determined and the signal power versus
time compared with the transmit on/off template of TD-SCDMA specifications. With
external subframe trigger the displayed slots can be selected by the ADAPT TO
SIGNAL menu. Using RF/IF power trigger, only one slot is allowed to be active and the
measurement is performed over this slot automatically.
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A
MS,TDS :POWER VS TI ME
RBW
1.28 MHz
VBW
10 MH z
*
1 RM
AVG
TRG
SWT
775 µ s
Att
5 dB
Ref
-8 dBm
Center 2 GHz
77.5 µ s/
PRN
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
SWP 100 of 100
LIMIT CHECK PASS
MPTO1
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device
under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
SWEEP TIME
2.4 ms
RBW
1.28 MHz RRC]
VBW
10 MHz
DETECTOR
RMS
EXT GATE
ON
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on
exiting and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
RBW
Sweep time
SPAN
RESTORE
STD LINES
The RESTORE STD LINES softkey restores the limit lines defined in the standard to
what they were when the unit was supplied. In this way accidental overwriting of the
standard lines can be undone.
Remote: CALC:LIM:PVT:REST
Figure 15 Measuring signal power versus time
The softkey activates SPECTRUM mode with defined settings:
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS PVT
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NO. OF
SUBFRAMES
The NO. OF SUBFRAMES softkey opens an entry box for the number of subframes
to be recorded for the averaging functions.
Remote: CONF:CDP:PVT:SFR <num_value>
START
MEAS
The softkey START MEAS starts a single sweep measurement.
Remote: INIT:CONT OFF;:INIT
HIGH
DYNAMIC
The softkey HIGH DYNAMIC selects the high dynamic mode. The sweep mode is
automatically set to single sweep.
The High Dynamic mode uses a digital 2 MHz RBW filter with an outstanding low
settling time of about 1 chip duration. The Power vs. Time sweep is divided into a TX
on power and a TX off power section. The TX on power section uses reference level
and attenuator settings according to the maximum input level, whereas the TX off
power section is optimized for a noise power of less than -80 dBm. Each section is
averaged over the selected number of subframes. The measurement can be
performed in single sweep mode only.
Due to the low reference level, power values above -50dBm are not displayed with
the correct magnitude, if they fall into the TX off power section. However, these
power values will clearly fail the time mask.
Note:
For all Power vs. Time measurements it is mandatory to keep the input power within
the instruments specifications. The internal attenuator is set to 0 dB for reference
levels below 20 dBm.
If the input power is increased above 20 dBm, the Auto Level & Time routine must be
called before starting the measurement. Alternatively an RF attenuation of at least 10
dB can be set manually:
Remote: CONF:CDP:PVT:HDYN ON | OFF
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The softkeys START SLOT and STOP SLOT are selectable with external trigger only.
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
the analyzer and configuration of gated sweep mode.
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
Remotes: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
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6.6 Signal statistic
MARKER
PERCENT
SIGNAL
ADAPT TO
SCALING
SAMPLES
NO OF
MEAS
SINGLE
MEAS
CONT
STATISTIC
APD
CCDF
SIGNAL
MEAS key or MEAS hot key
The SIGNAL STATISTIC softkey launches measurement of the distribution function of
signal amplitudes (complementary cumulative distribution function). The measurement
can be switched, using the menu softkey, to amplitude power distribution (APD).
For this measurement, a signal section of settable length is recorded continuously in a
zero span, and the distribution of the signal amplitudes is evaluated. The recorded
length and the display range of the CCDF can be set using the softkeys of the menu.
The amplitude distribution is plotted logarithmically as a percentage of the amount by
which a certain level is exceeded, starting with the average value of the signal
amplitudes.
In addition, the crest factor, i.e. the difference between the maximum value and the
mean power, is displayed in dB.
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MS,TDS :SIGNAL STAT
A
TRG
Ref
6 dBm
Att
40 dB
RBW
10 MH z
AQT
3.125 ms
Center 2 GHz
2 dB/
Mean P wr + 20 dB
1 SA
CLRWR
GAT
EXT
PRN
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0.01
0.1
Compl ementar y Cumu lative Distr ibution Funct ion
Sampl es 1 00000
Trac e 1
Mean 2.64 d B m
Peak 7.77 d B m
Crest 5.13 d B
Figure 16 CCDF of TD-SCDMA signal.
The following user-specific settings are not modified so that the adaptation to the device
under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Rev Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
CCDF
ON
RBW
10 MHz
DETECTOR
SAMPLE
To restore adapted measurement parameters, the following parameters are saved on
exiting and are set again on re-entering this measurement:
Level parameters
Sweep time
The softkey enables SPECTRUM mode with predefined settings:
Departing from this setting, the analyzer can be operated in all the functions it features
in SPECTRUM mode, i.e. all measurement parameters can be adapted to a specific
measurement.
Remote: CONF:CDP:MEAS CCDF
or
CALC:STA:CCDF ON
Query of results: CALC:MARK:X?
CALC:STAT:RES? MEAN | PEAK |CFA | ALL
MEAN mean (r.m.s) measured power in dBm in the period of observation
PEAK measured peak power in dBm in the period of observation
CFACtor determined CREST factor (i.e. ratio of peak power to mean power) in dB
ALL results of all three named measurements, separated by a comma:
<mean pow>, <peak pow>, <crest factor>
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APD
The APD softkey enables the amplitude probability distribution function .
Remote: CALC:STAT:APD ON
CCDF
The CCDF softkey enables the complementary distribution function
(complementary cumulative distribution function).
Remote: CALC:STAT:CCDF ON
PERCENT
MARKER
When the CCDF function is enabled, the PERCENT MARKER softkey supports
positioning of marker 1 by entering a sought probability. In this way the power which
exceeds a specified probability can be determined in a simple manner.
If marker 1 is disabled, it is enabled automatically.
Remote: CALC:MARK:Y:PERC 0...100%
NO OF
SAMPLES
The NO OF SAMPLES softkey sets the number of power measured values to be
taken into account for the calculation of the distribution function.
Note:
The overall measurement time is influenced by the selected number of samples as
well as by the resolution bandwidth selected for the measurement, since the
resolution bandwidth directly affects the sampling rate.
Remote: CALC:STAT:NSAM <value>
RANGE
REF LEVEL
SETTINGS
ADJUST
MIN VALUE
Y-AXIS
SETTINGS
DEFAULT
SCALING
Y-AXIS
MAX VALUE
X-AXIS
X-AXIS
The SCALING softkey opens a menu on which the scaling parameters for the X-axis
and the Y-axis can be modified.
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X-AXIS
REF LEVEL
The X-AXIS REF LEVEL softkey changes the level settings of the unit and sets the
maximum measurable power.
The function is identical to that of the REF LEVEL softkey on the AMPT menu.
This value is mapped to the right diagram border for the APD function. For the CCDF
function, this value is not directly represented in the diagram because the X-axis is
scaled relative to the measured MEAN POWER.
Remote: CALC:STAT:SCAL:X:RLEV <value>
X-AXIS
RANGE
The X-AXIS RANGE softkey changes the level range that is to be covered by the
distribution sampling function.
The function is identical to that of the RANGE LOG MANUAL softkey on the AMPT
menu.
Remote: CALC:STAT:SCAL:X:RANG <value>
Y-AXIS
MAX VALUE
The Y-AXIS MAX VALUE softkey sets the upper limit of the displayed probability
range.
The values on the Y-axis are normalized, i.e. the maximum value is 1.0. Since the Yaxis scaling is logarithmic, the spacing between the maximum and minimum values
must be at least one decade.
Remote: CALC:STAT:SCAL:Y:UPP <value>
Y-AXIS
MIN VALUE
The Y-AXIS MIN VALUE softkey sets the lower limit of the displayed probability
range.
Since the Y-axis scaling is logarithmic, the spacing between the maximum and
minimum values must be at least one decade. Permissible range 0 < value < 1.
Remote: CALC:STAT:SCAL:Y:LOW <value>
ADJUST
SETTINGS
The ADJUST SETTINGS softkey optimizes the analyzer level settings according to
the measured peak power in order to gain maximum sensitivity of the unit.
The level range is set for the APD measurement according to the measured distance
between the power peak value and the minimum value and for the CCDF
measurement between the power peak value and the mean value in order to achieve
maximum power resolution.
In addition, the probability scale is adapted to the selected number of samples.
Remote: CALC:STAT:SCAL:AUTO ONCE
DEFAULT
SETTINGS
The DEFAULT SETTINGS softkey resets the scaling on the X-axis and the Y-axisto
the default (PRESET) settings.
X-axis reference level: -20 dBm
X-axis range for APD: 100 dB
X-axis range for CCDF: 20 dB
Y-axis for upper limit: 1.0
Y-axis for lower limit: 1E-6
Remote: CALC:STAT:PRES
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The ADAPT TO SIGNAL softkey opens a submenu for matching the reference level of
AUTO
LEVEL & TIME
The AUTO LEVEL & TIME softkey starts the autorange routine for the reference level.
This also creates the relationship between trigger and subframe start. Using an RF/IF
power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
Remotes: SENS:POW:ACH:AUTO:LTIM
START SLOT
The START SLOT softkey allows entry of the start slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
Remotes: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:START 1...7
STOP SLOT
The STOP SLOT softkey allows entry of the stop slot for gated sweep mode. The
gated mode is on between START SLOT and STOP SLOT. For the remaining slots of
a subframe the gated mode is off.
The softkeys START SLOT and STOP SLOT are selectable with external trigger
only.
Remotes: SENS:POW:ACH:SLOT:STOP 1...7
CONT
MEAS
The CONT MEAS softkey starts the collection of new sequences of sample data and
the calculation of the APD or CCDF trace, depending on the selected measurement.
The next measurement is started automatically as soon as the indicated number of
samples has been reached ("CONTinuous MEASurement").
Remote: INIT:CONT ON;
INIT:IMM
SINGLE
MEAS
The SINGLE MEAS softkey starts the collection of one new sequence of sample data and
the calculation of the APD or CCDF trace, depending on the selected measurement. The
measurement terminates when the indicated number of samples is reached.
Remote: INIT:CONT OFF;
INIT:IMM
ADAPT TO
SIGNAL
START SLOT
AUTO
LEVEL&TIME
STOP SLOT
the analyzer and configuration of gated sweep mode.
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6.7 Code domain measurements on TD-SCDMA signals
Evaluation on screen A
All channels
One channel
All slots
One slot
Code domain power
Code domain error power
Channel table
The Application Firmware R&S FS-K77 features a code domain analyzer. This can be
used used for the measurements required by TD-SCDMA specifications for the power
of the various codes and code channels (concentrated codes). In addition, the
modulation quality (EVM and RHO factor), frequency errors, chip timing errors and
peak code domain errors are determined. Constellation and bit stream evaluations are
also available.
Use of an external trigger signal enables determination of the trigger-to-subframe time.
The number of observed slots can be set with the CAPTURE LENGTH softkey.
Basically, the firmware differentiates between the following result classes for the
evaluations:
● Results that consider the total signal over the whole observation period (all slots).
● Results that consider the total signal over one slot.
● Results that consider one channel over the whole observation period (all slots).
● Results that consider one channel over one slot.
The evaluations of the code domain analyzer are performed on a split screen. The
screen is divided into two halves for this purpose.
The upper half of the screen (screen A) displays evaluations that vary by code. The
lower half of the screen (screen B) displays all other evaluations.
Table 4 Evaluation on screen A
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Table 5 Evaluation on screen B
Evaluation on screen B
All channels
One channel
All slots
One slot
Result summary
Power versus slot
Power versus symbol
Composite EVM (modulation accuracy)
Composite Constellation
Peak code domain error
Symbol constellation
Symbol EVM
Bit stream
Spreading factor
Symbols per slot
Data rate [kbps] QPSK
Data rate [kbps] 8PSK
16
44
17.6
26.4
8
88
35.2
52.8
4
176
70.4
105.6
2
352
140.8
211.2
1
704
281.6
422.4
Depending on the symbol rate of a code channel, it has a different spreading factor
and a different number of symbols per slot. The relationship can be seen in the table
below.
Table 6 Relationship between spreading factor and symbol count plus data rate
The data rates in the table result from the bits per slot referred to a subframe length of
5 ms. In evaluation on the bottom screen, which uses symbols on the X axis, the
maximum number of symbols varies with the symbol rate of the selected code channel.
Using the SELECT CHANNEL and SELECT SLOT softkeys, you can select the code
channel and slot for which you want to display a result. In an example, code channel
1.16 is selected (code number 1 for spreading factor 16) and slot 2. Evaluation of code
domain power is active on screen A and symbol EVM evaluation on screen B. So
screen A shows the code domain power evaluation of slot 2. Code channel 1.16 is
selected and shown in red. On the lower half of the screen you can see the symbol
EVM evaluation of code channel 1.16 in slot 2 with 44 corresponding values.
The code domain analyzer can work in two modes. In CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH
mode it automatically searches for active channels in the whole code domain.
In the other mode, CODE CHAN PREDEFINED, you can determine the active code
channels of a random slot by selectable and editable tables. The automatic channel
search is then replaced by this user entry in the selected slot.
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The code domain analyzer requires an arbitrary channel and a valid midamble in
RESULTS
CODE DOM
POWER
POWER
SUMMARY
RESULT
CHANNEL
SELECT
ERROR
CODE DOM
VS SLOT
EVM
COMPOSITE
DOM ERR
PK CODE
SELECT
CHANNEL
SELECT
SELECT
SYMBOL
CONST
REF LVL
REF LVL
ADJUST
ADJUST
EVM
SYMBOL
BITSTREAM
VS SYMBOL
POWER
CHANNEL
TABLE
COMPOSITE
CONST
SELECT
SLOT
SELECT
CHANNEL
CAPTURE
LENGTH
SET
COUNT
TO ANALYZE
SET
an uplink slot for synchronization. The parameters SCRAMBLING CODE and MA
SHIFTS CELL must comply with the mobile station.
6.7.1 Presentation of evaluations - RESULTS
The RESULTS hotkey opens the submenu for choosing evaluation. The main menu
shows the major evaluations for fast access; more detailed evaluations are available in
the page menu.
You can choose from the following evaluations:
CODE DOM POWER Code domain power evaluation, depending on the CODE PWR
CODE DOM ERROR Code domain error power evaluation
COMPOSITE EVM Error vector magnitude evaluation for each slot
PK CODE DOM ERR
Peak of code domain error power evaluation for each slot
POWER VS SLOT Power of selected channel over all slots, depending on the
ABS / REL softkey in relative or absolute scaling
CODE PWR ABS / REL softkey in relative or absolute scaling
RESULT SUMMARY Results in tabular form
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CHANNEL TABLE Channel occupancy table in code order or midamble order
The following user-specific settings are not modified, so the matching to the device under test is preserved:
Reference Level + Ref Level Offset
Center Frequency + Frequency Offset
Input Attenuation + Mixer Level
The following user-specific settings are adopted as follows:
External and IF/RF power trigger are kept, all other trigger sources result in free run mode.
Additional trigger settings are preserved.
To restore adjusted level parameters, they are saved on exiting the code domain analyzer and reset on re-
entering the code domain analyzer.
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
DR 17.6 kbps
Chan 1.16
dB TOT
CF 2.01000 GHz
Slot 1
SYMBOL CONST Symbol constellation evaluation
SYMBOL EVM Error vector magnitude evaluation for each symbol of a slot
BIT STREAM Display of decided bits
COMPOSITE CONST Composite constellation evaluation
POWER VS SYMBOL Power of selected channel and selected slot over all symbols
By entering a channel number (SELECT CHANNEL softkey) you can select a channel
for the evaluations POWER VS SLOT, SYMBOL CONST, SYMBOL EVM, BIT
STREAM and POWER VS SYMBOL.
With the SELECT SLOT softkey you can select a slot for the evaluations CODE DOM
POWER, CODE DOM ERROR, CHANNEL TABLE, SYMBOL CONST, SYMBOL EVM,
BIT STREAM, COMPOSITE CONST and POWER VS SYMBOL.
With ADJUST REF LVL you can optimally match the reference level of the unit to the
signal level.
The major measurement settings on which displays are based are summarized at the
top of the diagram:
Figure 17 Function fields of diagrams
The meanings are as follows:
1. Column: Mobile radio system (mobile station TD-SCDMA) MS,TDS
Name of selected evaluation: e.g. CODE POWER
(blank line)
Unit of Y axis e.g. dB TOT for relative
power to total power
2. Column: (blank line)
(blank line)
Center frequency of signal: e.g. CF 2.01000 GHz
3. Column: Data rate of selected channel: e.g. DR 17.6 kbps
Code number and spreading factor of selected channel: e.g. Chan 1.16
Number of selected slot: Slot 1
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 58
CODE DOM
POWER
The CODE DOM POWER softkey selects evaluation of the code domain power (CDP).
In code domain power evaluation, the total signal is considered over one slot. The
power values of the different codes are determined and plotted in a diagram. In this
diagram, the X axis is the code number and the Y axis a logarithmic level axis. The
number of codes corresponds to the maximum spreading factor 16. You can set the slot
to be evaluated with the SELECT SLOT softkey.
With the CODE PWR ABS / REL softkey you can switch between absolute and relative
power readout. In relative power readout, the code power is referred to the mean total
power of the data fields of the selected slot. The units of the Y axis are consequently
dBm for absolute and dB TOT for relative evaluation.
The power values of the active and the unoccupied channels are shown in different
colours. The following colours are defined:
● Yellow active channel
● Cyan unoccupied
● Red selected channel
A channel in CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH mode (automatic channel search mode) is
referred to as active if the minimum relative power you enter (see
INACT CHAN THRESHOLD softkey) is exceeded and there is adequate signal/noise
ratio. In CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode, each code channel in the user-defined
channel table is identified as active.
The results of code domain power evaluation are sorted and shown in ascending order of
code numbers. All codes are projected to the spreading factor 16 for sorting. So channel
2.8 is between channels 3.16 and 6.16 for example.
A
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
CF 2 G Hz
dB TOT
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
PRN
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-2.9 9 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
Figure 18 CDP diagram
By entering a channel number (see SELECT CHANNEL softkey), you can select a
channel for more detailed display. The codes of this channel are shown in red.
Selection of more detailed evaluations (e.g. SYMBOL CONST) for unoccupied codes is
possible but not meaningful since the results are not valid.
Remote: CALC1:FEED "XPOW:CDP:RAT" (relative)
CALC1:FEED "XPOW:CDP" (absolute)
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 59
CODE DOM
ERROR
The CODE DOM ERROR softkey selects evaluation of code domain error power (CDEP).
The code domain error power measurement reads out the difference in power between a
measured and an ideally generated reference signal for each code in dB. This is an error
power, so active and inactive channels can be judged jointly at a glance in this evaluation.
Analysis is solely in spreading factor 16.
In code domain error power evaluation, the total signal is considered over one slot, the
error power of the different codes is determined and plotted in a diagram. In this
diagram, the X axis is the code number and the Y axis a logarithmic level axis with units
of dB. The number of codes on the X axis corresponds to the maximum spreading
factor 16. You can set the slot to be evaluated with the SELECT SLOT softkey.
The power values of the active and the unoccupied channels are shown in different
colours. The following colours are defined:
● Yellow active channel
● Cyan unoccupied
● Red selected channel
A channel in CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH mode (automatic channel search mode) is
referred to as active if the minimum relative power you enter (see
INACT CHAN THRESHOLD softkey) is exceeded and there is adequate signal/noise
ratio. In CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode, each code channel in the user-defined
channel table is identified as active.
The results of code domain error power evaluation are sorted and shown in ascending
order of code numbers in spreading factor 16.
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CODE ERROR
dB
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
A
PRN
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-52.1 2 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
Figure 19 CDEP diagram
By entering a channel number (see SELECT CHANNEL softkey), you can select a
channel for more detailed display. The codes of this channel are shown in red.
Remote: CALC1:FEED "XPOW:CDEP"
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COMPOSITE
EVM
The COMPOSITE EVM softkey selects evaluation of error vector magnitude (EVM) over
the total signal (modulation accuracy).
In composite EVM measurement, the square root is calculated from the squared error
between the real and imaginary parts of the test signal and an ideally generated reference
signal and normalized to the square root of the mean power of the reference signal.
The measured result consists of one composite EVM value per slot. You can set the
number of slots by the CAPTURE LENGTH softkey. Subsequently, composite EVM
evaluation considers the total signal over the entire period of observation. No EVM
value is output for inactive slots because there is no reference power present.
Only the channels detected as active are used to generate the ideal reference signal. In
the case of a channel that is not detected as active because of low power for instance,
the difference between the test signal and the reference signal and the composite EVM
is therefore very large (see figure).
A
B
EXT
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
CF 2 G Hz
dB TOT
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
COMPOS ITE E VM
CF 2 G Hz
%
Slot 1
0
1 SLO T/
6
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
PRN
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-2.9 9 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
1.244 %
Slot 1
Figure 20 Composite EVM diagram
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CODE ERROR
dB
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
COMPOS ITE E VM
CF 2 G Hz
%
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
0
1 SLO T/
6
EXT
A
B
PRN
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-52.1 2 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
1.237 %
Slot 1
Figure 21 Composite EVM diagram with unrecognized channels
Similar to selecting a code channel in the CDP or CDEP diagram, there is the option in
the composite EVM diagram of selecting a slot. You select by entering the slot number
(see SELECT SLOT softkey). The selected slot appears as a red bar.
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:MACC"
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 61
PK CODE
DOM ERR
The PK CODE DOM ERR softkey selects peak code domain error evaluation.
The peak code domain error measurement reads out the maximum of the code domain
error power measurement for each slot. This determines the difference in power between a
measured and an ideally generated reference signal for each code in dB. Analysis is solely
in spreading factor 16.
The measured result consists of a numeric value per slot for the peak code domain
error. You can set the number of slots by the CAPTURE LENGTH softkey.
Subsequently, peak code domain error evaluation considers the total signal over the
entire period of observation. No peak code domain error value is output for inactive slots
because there is no reference power present.
Only the channels detected as active are used to generate the ideal reference signal for
peak code domain error. If an occupied code is not detected as active because of low
power, the difference between the test signal and the reference signal is very large. The
R&S FS-K77 therefore shows a peak code domain error that is too high (see figure).
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
PEAK C ODE D OMAIN ERR
dB
Slot 1
0
1 SLO T/
6
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
CF 2 G Hz
dB TOT
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
EXT
A
B
PRN
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-2.9 9 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-46.33 dB
Slot 1
Figure 22 Peak code domain error diagram
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
PEAK C ODE D OMAIN ERR
dB
Slot 1
0
1 SLO T/
6
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
CF 2 G Hz
dB TOT
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
EXT
A
B
PRN
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
-63
-56
-49
-42
-35
-28
-21
-14
-7
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-2.9 9 dB
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
-46.38 dB
Slot 1
Figure 23 Peak code domain error diagram with unrecognized channels
Similar to selecting a code channel in the CDP or CDEP diagram, there is the option in
the peak code domain error diagram of selecting a slot. You select by entering the slot
number (see SELECT SLOT softkey). The selected slot appears as a red bar.
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:ERR:PCDomain"
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POWER VS
SLOT
The POWER VS SLOT softkey activates power versus slot evaluation.
The power of the selected channel for each slot is averaged. With the CODE PWR ABS
/ REL softkey you can switch between absolute and relative power readout. In relative
power readout, the code power in each slot is referred to the mean total power of the
data fields of the slot. The units of the Y axis are consequently dBm for absolute and
dB TOT for relative evaluation.
Note:
In relative power readout, the noise power in inactive slots of the selected channel is
normalized to the total noise power. This produces relative power of typically -12 dB in
inactive slots.
Colours indicate whether the selected channel in the particular slot is active, inactive or
alias power of another channel. Alias power is indicated if there is a channel with a
different spreading factor in the place of the selected channel. The following colours are
defined:
● Yellow active channel
● Cyan unoccupied
● Green alias power
● Red selected channel
The measured result consists of a numeric value per slot for the power value. You can
set the number of slots by the CAPTURE LENGTH softkey. Subsequently, power
versus slot evaluation considers one code channel over the entire period of observation.
A
B
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CODE POWER
CF 2 G Hz
dBm
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Start Code 1
1 Cod e/
Stop C ode 1 6
PRN
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
CH POW ER VS SLOT
CF 2 G Hz
dBm
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
0
4 SLO T/
59
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
EXT
PRN
-53
-46
-39
-32
-25
-18
-11
-4
3
-53
-46
-39
-32
-25
-18
-11
-4
3
1
Marker 1 [T 1 ]
0.1 8 dBm
DR 17.6 kbps C han 2 .16 Co de 2
Figure 24 Peak versus slot diagram with absolute power readout
Similar to selecting a code channel in the CDP or CDEP diagram, there is the option in
the power versus slot diagram of selecting a slot. You select by entering the slot number
(see SELECT SLOT softkey). The selected slot appears as a red bar.
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:RAT" (relative)
CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:ABS" (absolute)
For compatibility reason with other 3G applications the default node
CALC2:FEED 'XTIM:CDP:PVSL[:ABS]' is changed to
CALC2:FEED 'XTIM:CDP:PVSL[:RAT]' since version 2.60/3.50.
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 63
RESULT
SUMMARY
The RESULT SUMMARY softkey selects numeric evaluation of all measured results.
Evaluation is subdivided as follows:
Figure 25 Result summary
The first part shows measured results relating to the total signal:
Chip Rate Error: Chip rate error (1.28 Mcps) in ppm. A high chip rate error results in
symbol errors and possibly in the CDP measurement not being able
to synchronize.
Trg to Frame: Time offset from start of recorded signal segment to start of first slot.
In the case of triggered data recording, this corresponds to the time
offset from trigger to subframe start (+ trigger offset). If the analyzer
was unable to synchronize to the TD-SCDMA signal, the value of Trg
to Frame is meaningless. If the FREE RUN trigger is selected,
dashes (--.-) are shown.
The second part shows measured results relating to all channels for the slot selected
with the SELECT SLOT softkey:
P Data: Total power of data fields for selected slot
PD1/PD2: Power of data fields 1 and 2 for selected slot
P Midamble: Power of midamble field for selected slot
Active Channels: Number of active channels for selected slot
Carr Freq Err: Frequency error for selected slot. This is the sum of the frequency
error of the analyzer and that of the device under test.
IQ Imbal/Offs: IQ imbalance and IQ DC offset
RHO: Quality parameter RHO for selected slot
Composite EVM: Total signal error vector magnitude for selected slot.
Pk CDE (SF 16) : Peak code domain error in spreading factor 16 for selected slot
Average RCDE: Average relative code domain error of the active channels
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 64
The third part of RESULT SUMMARY shows the results of measurements on the
selected channel in the selected slot.
Data Rate: Data rate as a function of spreading factor and modulation class of
channel
Channel SF: Number of channel and its spreading factor
Channel Power Rel:
Relative channel power referred to mean power of data fields of
selected slot
Channel Power Abs: Absolute channel power
Symbol EVM: Peak and mean EVM for selected channel in selected slot
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:ERR:SUMM"
CALC2:MARK1:FUNC:CDP:BTS]:RES?
SLOT | PDAT | PD1 | PD2 | PMID | RHO| MACC | PCD |
FERR | CERR | TFR | IQIMB | IQOF | ACT |SRAT |
CHAN | SFAC| CDPR | CDP | EVMR | EVMP | ARCD
The CHANNEL TABLE softkey selects channel occupancy table evaluation.
CHANNEL
TABLE
CH TABLE
CODE
CH TABLE
MIDAMBLE
PAGE UP
PAGE DOWN
The channel occupancy table can hold a maximum of 32 entries, corresponding to 16
midambles and 16 code channels. Channel occupancy table evaluation considers the total
signal over precisely one slot. You set the slot to be evaluated by the SELECT SLOT
softkey.
A data channel in CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH mode is identified as active if it
exhibits minimum power (see INACT CHAN THRESHOLD softkey) and adequate
signal/noise ratio. In CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode, all active code channels
contained in the predefined channel table are identified as active in the selected slot.
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You can select the sorting of the channel table with the CH TABLE CODE and CH
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TD S:CHAN NEL T AB
CF 2 GHz
Chan 2 .16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
PRN
Type Chan. SFDat a Rat e Mod P wr.Ab s Pwr .Rel MA.sh iftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Ty pe dBm dB dB dB
Midam ble --- --- - -- 0 .17 - 3.02 2 -0 .03 -0.02
Midam ble --- --- - -- 0 .17 - 3.01 9 0 .01 0.01
DPCH 2.16 17.60 QPSK 0.19 - 3.00 2 --- ---
DPCH 3.4 70 .40 QPSK 0.16 -3 .02 9 --- ---
--- 1.16 --- --- - 47.28 -50. 47 - - --- ---
--- 3.16 --- --- - 47.63 -50. 82 - - --- ---
--- 4.16 --- --- - 47.58 -50. 76 - - --- ---
--- 5.16 --- --- - 46.71 -49. 90 - - --- ---
--- 6.16 --- --- - 43.61 -46. 79 - - --- ---
--- 7.16 --- --- - 47.13 -50. 32 - - --- ---
In midamble order the codes are listed after each midamble. A default midamble
allocation is automatically searched. The allocation of codes to midambles for default
midamble allocation can be taken from TD-SCDMA specifications. If no default
midamble allocation is found, sorting is in code order.
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TD S:CHAN NEL T AB
Chan 2 .16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
1
CLRWR
CF 2 GHz
SGL
PRN
Type Cha n.SFD ata R ate Mod Pwr .Abs Pwr.Rel MA.sh iftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dB m dB dB dB
Midam ble --- --- - -- 0.15 -3.02 2 -0.03 - 0.02
DPCH 2.16 1 7.60 QPS K 0 .18 -3.00 2 --- -- -
Midam ble --- --- - -- 0.16 -3.02 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 3.4 70.40 QP SK 0.15 -3.02 9 --- ---
--- 1 .16 --- -- - - 47.43 -5 0.61 -- - -- ---
--- 3 .16 --- -- - - 47.83 -5 1.00 -- - -- ---
--- 4 .16 --- -- - - 48.02 -5 1.19 -- - -- ---
--- 5 .16 --- -- - - 46.69 -4 9.86 -- - -- ---
--- 6 .16 --- -- - - 43.68 -4 6.85 -- - -- ---
--- 7 .16 --- -- - - 47.18 -5 0.35 -- - -- ---
Figure 27 Channel table in midamble order
The following parameters are determined by CDP measurement for the channels:
Type: Type of channel (midamble, DPCH or special channel)
Chan SF: Channel number (1 to spreading factor) including spreading factor of
channel in Notation Chan SF
Data Rate: Data rate at which channel is transmitted
Mod Type: Modulation method of channel (QPSK or 8PSK)
Pwr Abs/Pwr Rel:
TABLE MIDAMBLE softkeys.
The midambles are listed first in code order. The midambles are sorted in ascending order
by their midamble shift. They are followed by the active channels. The active channels are
projected to the spreading factor 16 and sorted in ascending order of code numbers.
The inactive channels come at the end.
Figure 26 Channel table in code order
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 66
Absolute and relative power of channel (referred to total power of data
fields)
Ma Shift: Midamble shift. For code channels, this is the shift of the associated
midamble if a common or default midamble allocation is detected.
TD-SCDMA specifications state that a midamble and its code channels must exhibit the
same power. The following two parameters are shown if a default midamble allocation
is detected.
ΔMiD1: Power offset between midamble and sum power of its channels in data
field 1
ΔMiD2: Power offset between midamble and sum power of its channels in data
field 2
A data channel in CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH mode is identified as active if it
exhibits minimum power (see INACT CHAN THRESHOLD softkey) and adequate
signal/noise ratio. In CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode, all active code channels
contained in the predefined channel table are identified as active.
Remotes: CALC1:FEED "XTIM:CDP:ERR:CTAB"
CONF:CDP:CTABle:ORD CODE
CONF:CDP:CTAB:ORD MID
SYMBOL
CONST
The SYMBOL CONST softkey selects evaluation of the constellation diagram at
symbol level. The diagram is normalized by the square root of the mean signal power.
Evaluation of the symbols is performed for the selected channel (SELECT CHANNEL
softkey) and the selected slot (SELECT SLOT softkey). This evaluation consequently
considers results of one channel for one slot.
For orientation, the unit circle is added to the figure.
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
SYMBOL CONS TELLAT ION
Y 1.5
Slot 1
-4.412
4.412
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
Chan 2. 16
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
1
CLRWR
MS,TDS :CHAN NEL TA B
CF 2 G Hz
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
CF 2 G Hz
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
EXT
A
B
PRN
Type Chan.S FData Rate Mod P wr.Ab s Pwr. Rel M A.shi ftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dBm dB dB dB
Midam ble -- - --- -- - 0.17 -3 .02 2 -0.03 -0.02
Midam ble -- - --- -- - 0.17 -3 .01 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 2 .16 17.60 QPSK 0. 19 -3.00 2 --- ---
DPCH 3.4 70.4 0 QPS K 0.16 -3. 02 9 --- ---
--- 1.16 --- --- - 47.28 -50.47 -- --- ---
--- 3.16 --- --- - 47.63 -50.82 -- --- ---
--- 4.16 --- --- - 47.58 -50.76 -- --- ---
--- 5.16 --- --- - 46.71 -49.90 -- --- ---
--- 6.16 --- --- - 43.61 -46.79 -- --- ---
--- 7.16 --- --- - 47.13 -50.32 -- --- ---
Figure 28 Symbol constellation diagram for QPSK modulation
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:SYMB:CONS"
SYMBOL
EVM
The SYMBOL EVM softkey selects symbol error vector magnitude evaluation.
Evaluation of the EVM is performed for the selected channel (SELECT CHANNEL
softkey) and the selected slot (SELECT SLOT softkey). This evaluation consequently
considers results of one channel for one slot.
Evaluation of symbol error vector magnitude for unoccupied codes is not meaningful,
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 67
since the results are not valid.
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CHAN NEL TA B
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
B
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
SYMBOL EVM
CF 2 G Hz
%
Slot 1
0
43
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
1
CLRWR
DR
17.6 ksps
Chan 2. 16
5.5 S ym/
EXT
PRN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Type Chan.S FData Rate Mod P wr.Ab s Pwr. Rel MA.shi ftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dBm dB dB d B
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.14 -3 .02 2 -0.03 -0.02
DPCH 2 .16 17.60 QPSK 0. 17 -3.00 2 --- ---
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.15 -3 .01 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 3.4 70.4 0 QPS K 0.14 -3. 02 9 --- ---
--- 1.16 --- --- - 47.34 -50.5 0 - - --- ---
--- 3.16 --- --- - 47.93 -51.0 9 - - --- ---
--- 4.16 --- --- - 47.86 -51.0 2 - - --- ---
--- 5.16 --- --- - 46.63 -49.8 0 - - --- ---
--- 6.16 --- --- - 43.76 -46.9 2 - - --- ---
--- 7.16 --- --- - 47.42 -50.5 8 - - --- ---
Figure 29 Error vector magnitude for one channel of slot
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:SYMB:EVM"
BIT STREAM
The BIT STREAM softkey selects evaluation of the bit stream from the demodulated
received signal.
Evaluation of the decided bits is performed for the selected channel (SELECT
CHANNEL softkey) and the selected slot (SELECT SLOT softkey). This evaluation
consequently considers results of one channel for one slot.
Depending on the spreading factor of the channel, a slot may contain between 44 and
704 symbols. In QPSK modulated channels, a symbol always consists of two bits. In
8PSK modulated channels, a symbol always consists of three bits. The allocation of
symbols to bits is according to TD-SCDMA specifications.
Figure 30 Phasor diagram for QPSK and 8PSK including bit values
The marker can be used to scroll in the bit stream.
I
111
010
011
100
8PSK
Q
6
7
.
5
°
22.5°
110
101
001
000
1
1
2
.
5
°
1
5
7
.
5
°
2
0
2
.
5
°
2
4
7
.
5
°
2
9
2
.
5
°
3
3
7
.
5
°
QPSK
01
00
11
10
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R&S FS-K77 Configuration of TD-SCDMA Measurements
Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 68
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CHAN NEL TA B
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
B
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
BITSTR EAM
CF 2 G Hz
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
EXT
PRN
Type C han.SF Data Rate Mod Pwr .Abs Pwr .Rel MA.sh iftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dBm dB d B dB
Midam ble --- -- - --- 0.14 -3.0 2 2 -0.03 -0.01
DPCH 2.1 6 1 7.60 Q PSK 0.16 -3. 00 2 -- - ---
Midam ble --- -- - --- 0.15 -3.0 1 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 3 .4 70.40 QPSK 0 .14 -3.02 9 --- -- -
--- 1. 16 --- --- -4 7.48 - 50.65 -- --- -- -
--- 3. 16 --- --- -4 7.89 - 51.05 -- --- -- -
--- 4. 16 --- --- -4 8.23 - 51.39 -- --- -- -
--- 5. 16 --- --- -4 6.99 - 50.15 -- --- -- -
--- 6. 16 --- --- -4 3.79 - 46.95 -- --- -- -
--- 7. 16 --- --- -4 7.41 - 50.57 -- --- -- -
0 10 10 11 0 0 10 1 1 11 0 0 11 01 00 10 0 0 01 0 0 01
32 01 00 11 0 1 10 1 0 11 1 0 00 01 01 01 0 1 11 0 1 11
64 11 00 01 1 0 11 0 1 10 1 1 11 11 01 00
Figure 31 Demodulated bits for channel with QPSK modulation
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:BSTR"
COMPOSITE
CONST
The COMPOSITE CONST softkey selects the evaluation of the constellation diagram
at chip level.
With COMPOSITE CONST, the total signal is taken into account over the selected slot
(SELECT SLOT softkey). A point is plotted in the diagram for each of the 704 data
chips. The diagram is normalized by the square root of the mean chip power.
For orientation, the unit circle is added to the figure.
TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CHAN NEL TA B
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
B
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
COMPOS ITE C ONST
CF 2 G Hz
Y 2.5
Slot 1
-7.353
7.353
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
EXT
SGL
PRN
Type Chan.S FData Rate Mod P wr.Ab s Pwr. Rel MA.shi ftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dBm dB dB d B
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.15 -3 .02 2 -0.03 -0.02
DPCH 2 .16 17.60 QPSK 0. 18 -3.00 2 --- ---
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.16 -3 .02 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 3.4 70.4 0 QPS K 0.15 -3. 02 9 --- ---
--- 1.16 --- --- - 47.43 -50.6 1 - - --- ---
--- 3.16 --- --- - 47.83 -51.0 0 - - --- ---
--- 4.16 --- --- - 48.02 -51.1 9 - - --- ---
--- 5.16 --- --- - 46.69 -49.8 6 - - --- ---
--- 6.16 --- --- - 43.68 -46.8 5 - - --- ---
--- 7.16 --- --- - 47.18 -50.3 5 - - --- ---
Figure 32 Composite Constellation Diagram
Note:
If only one channel is active in the selected slot, all constellation points are situated on the
unit circle and occupy one display pixel, if noise is low. If so, it would be reasonable to
switch to symbol constellation for a better view.
Remote: CALC2:FEED"XTIM:CDP:COMP:CONS"
POWER VS
SYMBOL
The POWER VS SYMBOL softkey selects power versus symbol evaluation. Evaluation
outputs the absolute power in dBm at every symbol time for the selected channel
(SELECT CHANNEL softkey) in the selected slot (SELECT SLOT softkey). This
evaluation consequently considers results of one channel for one slot.
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TRG
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
MS,TDS :CHAN NEL TA B
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
A
B
1
CLRWR
CF 2 G Hz
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
Ref
10.0
dBm
POWER VS SY MBOL
CF 2 G Hz
dBm
Chan 2. 16
Slot 1
Att
40 dB
Att
40 dB
DR
17.6 ksps
1
CLRWR
0
5.5 S ym/
43
EXT
PRN
-53
-46
-39
-32
-25
-18
-11
-4
3
Type Chan.S FData Rate Mod P wr.Ab s Pwr. Rel MA.shi ftMiD1
MiD2
kbps Type dBm dB dB d B
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.14 -3 .02 2 -0.03 -0.02
DPCH 2 .16 17.60 QPSK 0. 16 -3.00 2 --- ---
Midam ble -- - --- - -- 0.15 -3 .01 9 0.01 0.01
DPCH 3.4 70.4 0 QPS K 0.13 -3. 02 9 --- ---
--- 1.16 --- --- - 47.72 -50.8 8 - - --- ---
--- 3.16 --- --- - 47.87 -51.0 3 - - --- ---
--- 4.16 --- --- - 48.47 -51.6 2 - - --- ---
--- 5.16 --- --- - 47.20 -50.3 5 - - --- ---
--- 6.16 --- --- - 43.71 -46.8 6 - - --- ---
--- 7.16 --- --- - 47.28 -50.4 4 - - --- ---
Figure 33 Power versus symbol for one channel of one slot
Remote: CALC2:FEED "XTIM:CDP:PVSY"
SELECT
The SELECT softkey opens a submenu to define the capture configuration and the
selection of slot and channel for the evaluation.
CAPTURE
LENGTH
The CAPTURE LENGTH softkey allows entry of the number of slots to be captured.
The range is from 2 to 63. For all evaluations with one value per slot on the X axis, the
maximum value on the X axis is the set CAPTURE LENGTH -1.
Remote: SENS:CDP:IQL 2...63
SET
COUNT
SET TO
ANALYZE
This function offers the possibility for the R&S FSQ to capture up to 11970 slots
(correspond to 8 seconds) with a SINGLE SWEEP and then post process all the data
with SET TO ANALYZE.
If the SET COUNT is set to 1 (default value), the device behaves as before and with
the CAPTURE LENGTH the number of PCG can be set.
For R&S FSQ the SET COUNT can be adjusted in the range of 1…190. Is the SET
COUNT greater than 1 the CAPTURE LENGTH will be implicitly set to 63 slots and
become unavailable. The SET COUNT defines then how many SETS of 63 slots shall
be captured consecutively into the IQ RAM of the R&S FSQ. With the SET TO
ANALYZE softkey the set for which the results are calculated can be defined. The
range is from 0... (SET COUNT-1).
Remote: SENS:CDP:SET:COUN 1..190 (FSQ)
SENS:CDP:SET:VAL <numeric_value> (FSQ)
SELECT
CHANNEL
You can use the SELECT CHANNEL softkey to select a channel. All evaluations that
consider results for a channel specify the results for the newly selected channel:
POWER VS SLOT, POWER VS SYMBOL, RESULT SUMMARY, BIT STREAM,
SYMBOL CONST and SYMBOL EVM.
In the evaluations CODE DOM POWER, CODE DOM ERROR and CHANNEL TABLE
(all on screen A), the selected channel is marked red.
Entry of a channel is decimal in the form <Channel number>.<Spreading factor> with a
decimal point as the demarcator. Instead of a channel number, you can enter a code
number without any decimal point and spreading factor. This is referred to the
spreading factor 16.
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 70
If the current channel table contains a concentrated channel to which the selected
channel belongs, this concentrated channel is displayed with the associated channel
number and spreading factor in the function field and marked red in the evaluations.
Example 1:
Entry of channel 5.8
Channel 3.4 is active in the channel table and also includes channels 5.8 and 6.8.
Channel 3.4 is shown in the entry box and marked red on screen A.
Example 2:
Entry of code number 9.
Channel 3.4 is active in the channel table and includes code numbers 9, 10, 11 and 12.
Channel 3.4 is shown in the entry box and marked red on screen A.
The rotating wheel action depends on the evaluation on screen A and is geared to the
graphic display. The rotating wheel always selects the adjacent channel. In the channel
table, the rotating wheel is used to scroll through the list.
Remote: SENS:CDP:CODE 1...16
SELECT
SLOT
The SELECT SLOT softkey serves for selecting a slot. Entry of the slot is decimal.
Here the range is from 0 to (IQ capture length - 1) (see CAPTURE LENGTH softkey).
All evaluations that consider results for a slot specify the results for the newly selected
slot: CODE DOM POWER, CODE DOM ERROR, CHANNEL TABLE, POWER VS
SYMBOL, RESULT SUMMARY, BIT STREAM, SYMBOL CONST and SYMBOL EVM.
In the evaluations POWER VS SLOT, COMPOSITE EVM and PK CODE DOM ERR
the selected slot is marked red.
Remote: SENS:CDP:SLOT 0 ... (IQ_CAPTURE_LENGTH-1)
ADJUST
REF LVL
The ADJUST REF LVL softkey matches the reference level of the analyzer to the
measured channel power. This ensures that the RF attenuation and reference level
settings are optimally matched to the signal level without the analyzer being overloaded
or the dynamic response limited by too low a signal/noise ratio.
Using an RF/IF power trigger, the trigger threshold is optimal adjusted.
Remote: SENS:POW:ACH:PRES:RLEV
Result poll: SENS:POW:ACH:PRES:RLEV?
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 71
6.7.2 Configuration of measurements
CODE CHAN
AUTOSEARCH
The CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH softkey supports measurements of the code domain
power analyzer in automatic search mode. This mode searches the whole code domain (all
permissible symbol rates and channel numbers) for active channels. A channel is active
when the minimum power you enter, referred to the total power, is exceeded (see INACT
CHAN THRESHOLD softkey) and there is adequate signal/noise ratio.
CODE CHAN AUTOSEARCH is the default search mode with which CDP analysis
starts. It is used primarily to give you an overview of the channels contained in the
signal. If the signal contains channels that are not detected as active in automatic
search mode, CDP analysis can be performed with predefined channel configurations
by changing to CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode.
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:STAT OFF
CODE CHAN
PREDEFINED
The CODE CHAN PREDEFINED softkey switches CDP analysis to the measuring
mode with the help of predefined channel tables. In this mode there is no search for
active channels in the code domain for the selected slot, instead the channels of a
table defined prior to a measurement are assumed to be active.
When you press the softkey, a table opens with all channel tables stored on the
instrument. CDP analysis is switched to predefined channel table mode. The last table of
CODE CHAN
CODE CHAN
PREDEFINED
AUTOSEARCH
CHAN CONF
DEL CHAN
CONF TABLE
COPY CHAN
CONF TABLE
PAGE UP
PAGE DOWN
EDIT CHAN
CONF TABLE
NEW CHAN
CONF TABLE
The CHAN CONF hotkey opens a submenu with configuration options for the channel
search. In this submenu you can select predefined channel tables that are then taken
as a basis for measurements by the code domain analyzer.
When you first press the hotkey, a table opens with the channel tables stored on the
harddisk of the instrument. The table is merely an overview; to select one of the tables
for a measurement, you must first press the CODE CHAN PREDEFINED softkey. The
RECENT entry is the channel table of the last code domain power analysis that was
performed.
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:CAT?
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 72
the automatic search mode is initially taken as a basis for the measurement. This table is
available under RECENT .
You switch to one of the predefined channel tables by selecting the appropriate table
entry and pressing one of the unit keys or Enter. From the next measurement
onwards, the selected channel table is taken as a basis for evaluation for the selected
slot. A tick marks the selected channel table.
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:STAT ON
CONF:CDP:CTAB:SEL "MY_FIRST_CH_TAB"
The EDIT CHAN CONF TABLE softkey opens the selected channel table, in which the
EDIT CHAN
CONF TABLE
INSERT
LINE
DELETE
ADD
SPECIAL
VALUES
HEADER
LINE
SAVE TABLE
CONF TABLE
MEAS CHAN
SELECT
SLOT
SORT
CODE
MIDAMBLE
EDIT CHANNEL TABLE
NAME:
COMMENT:
My_First_Channel_Table
Mobile Station Test 1
TYPE CHAN.SF Modulation
Type
Data Rate
[kbps]
Midamble
Shift
STATU
S
-- -- -- 1
ACTIV
E
DPCH 2.16 QPSK 17.6
--
ACTIV
E
MA SHIFTS CELL
16
channel configuration can be edited. In addition, a submenu opens with the softkeys
required for editing the channel table.
Figure 34 Table for editing channel configuration
Basically any of the channel tables stored on the instrument can be edited as you wish.
The edited table is not stored automatically on the harddisk of the instrument, first you must
press the SAVE TABLE softkey. This avoids accidental overwriting of a table.
If a table is edited that is currently the basis for code domain power analysis, the edited
table is used for the next measurement immediately after it is saved. So the effects of the
changes in the table are immediately visible. Here again, the edited table is not saved on
the harddisk of the instrument until you press the SAVE TABLE softkey.
If a table is edited that is stored on the harddisk of the instrument but not currently
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 73
activated, the changes will not be visible until it has been saved (SAVE TABLE softkey)
HEADER
VALUES
The HEADER / VALUES softkey sets the focus of the edit option either on the table
entries or the table header.
Editing table header (HEADER):
This means editing values for the whole channel table. The following entries are available
(confirm an entry with the help of the unit keys):
NAME: Name of the channel table. Overwriting of ready saved tables can be
avoided by changing the name of a table. A table name must not
consist of more than eight characters.
COMMENT: Comment on the channel table, e.g. description of slot allocation.
MA SHIFTS CELL:
Maximum number of usable midambles of the mobile station. In mode
CODE CHAN PREDEFINED this entry replaces the value in the
SETTINGS menu. (see softkey SETTINGS, MA SHIFTS CELL).
Remotes: CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME "NEW_TAB"
CONF:CDP:CTAB:COMM "comment"
CONF:CDP:CTAB:MSH <numeric>
Editing table entries (VALUES):
This means editing the actual data of the channel table. The following entries are
available for each of the channels in the table (confirm an entry with the help of the unit
keys):
TYPE: Channel type. Midamble or code channel can be selected. Special
channels are identified by their names (PRACH, PUSCH). All other
channels are entered as DPCH (dedicated physical channel) for
normal data channels.
CHAN SF: The channel number and the spreading factor are entered for the
channel in this column. For an entry without a decimal point the
spreading factor is 16. Invalid entries are rejected.
MODULATION TYPE:
Modulation type of the channel. You can choose between QPSK,
8PSK, 16QAM and 64 QAM.
DATA RATE: Data rate of the channel. This is a direct function of the spreading
factor and modulation type of the channel, so it cannot be edited.
MIDAMBLE SHIFT:
Here you can enter the midamble shift number for a midamble channel type.
Possible entries are from 1 to the maximum number of midambles (see
SETTINGS.).
STATUS: The entry can be set active or inactive. Inactive entries are not used in
measurements.
and then activated.
If you change the channel number or spreading factor, a check for code domain
conflicts is made after you press the unit key. If a code domain conflict is detected, the
channels causing the conflict are identified by an asterisk. This allows you to eliminate
any code domain conflicts. If a table with code domain conflicts is used for CDP
analysis, the results are invalid.
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 74
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:DATA 2,4,1,1,1,1,0,0, 2,4,2,1,1,1,0,0
'Defines two data channels with QPSK modulation
ADD
SPECIAL
The ADD SPECIAL softkeyx allows you to add special channels to the channel table.
PRACH
ADD SPECIAL
PUSCH
MIDAMBLE
Figure 35 Table of special channels
All channels not listed are entered as DPCH by the INSERT LINE softkey. Stating special
data channels only serves for the purpose of an overview in R&S FS-K77. Code domain
measurements do not distinguish between special channels and data channels with the
same parameters.
Remote: -- (integrated in command CONF:CDP:CTAB:DATA)
INSERT
LINE
The INSERT LINE softkey adds a new entry to the table. Entries can be made in any
order. A channel is only included in CDP analysis if all required entries are present in the
list.
Remote: --
DELETE
LINE
The DELETE LINE softkey deletes the selected line from the table.
Remote: --
MEAS CHAN
CONF TABLE
The MEAS CHAN CONF TABLE softkey starts a measurement in CODE CHAN
AUTOSEARCH mode. The measurement results are adopted in the opened channel
table.
Remote: --
SAVE
TABLE
The SAVE TABLE softkey saves the table with its specified name.
Caution:
Editing channel models and saving them under the original name will result in the
models being overwritten.
Remote: -- (automatic with remote control)
SELECT
SLOT
The SELECT SLOT softkey serves for selecting the slot on which the channel table is
applied. At the same time this is the slot on which the slot-dependent evaluations are
made.
Remote: --
SORT
CODE
The SORT CODE softkey sorts the channel table in code order. First, all midambles are
sorted in ascending order by their midamble shift. Then the code channels are sorted in
ascending order by their spreading factors and in ascending order by their code numbers
within the same spreading factor.
Remote: --
DEL CHAN
CONF TABLE
The DEL CHAN CONF TABLE softkey deletes the selected table. The currently active
table in CODE CHAN PREDEFINED mode cannot be deleted.
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:DEL
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 75
COPY CHAN
CONF TABLE
The COPY CHAN CONF TABLE softkey copies the selected table. The system asks the
name under which you want to save the copy.
Remote: CONF:CDP:CTAB:COPY "CTAB2"
MAX MOD
<64 QAM>
The MAX MOD setting defines the highest modulation to be considered in the automatic
channel search. In low SNR environments it may be necessary to limit the channel search
to lower modulations than 64QAM.
Remote: SENS:CDP:MMAX QPSK | PSK8 | QAM16 | QAM64
The NEW CHAN CONF TABLE softkey opens a submenu that is identical to the one for
NEW CHAN
CONF TABLE
INSERT
LINE
DELETE
ADD
SPECIAL
VALUES
HEADER
LINE
SAVE
TABLE
CONF TABLE
MEAS CHAN
SELECT
SLOT
SORT
CODE
EDIT CHANNEL TABLE
NAME:
COMMENT:
default
default
TYPE CHAN.SF Modulation
Type
Data Rate
[kbps]
Midamble
Shift
STATUS
MA SHIFTS CELL
16
the EDIT CHAN CONF TABLE softkey. Unlike with EDIT CHAN CONF TABLE, a blank
table is presented:
Figure 36 Creating new channel configuration
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6.7.3 Configuration of application firmware - SETTINGS
SETTINGS
SELECT
SLOT
SELECT
CHANNEL
LENGTH
SET
COUNT
SET TO
ANALYZE
MA SHIFTS
CELL
SIDE BAND
NORM INV
INACT CHAN
THRESHOLD
INVERT Q
ON OFF
CODE PWR
ABS REL
CAPTURE
SETTINGS
SCRAMBLING
CODE
NORMALIZE
ON OFF
SYNC
TO SLOT
SYNC TO
CODE MA
ROTADE
CODE MA
SCRAMBLING
CODE
The SCRAMBLING CODE softkey allows entry of the scrambling code of the mobile
station. Entry of the scrambling code is decimal.
Remote: SENS:CDP:SCOD 0...127
MA SHIFTS
CELL
The MA SHIFTS CELL softkey allows entry of the maximum number of usable
midamble shifts of the mobile station. In the mode CODE CHAN PREDEFINED this
value will be replaced by the entry in the channel table.
Remote: SENS:CDP:MSH 2...16
CAPTURE
SETTINGS
The CAPTURE SETTINGS softkey opens a submenu to define the capture
configuration and the selection of slot and channel for the evaluation.
CAPTURE
LENGTH
The CAPTURE LENGTH softkey allows entry of the number of slots to be captured.
The range is from 2 to 63. For all evaluations with one value per slot on the X axis, the
maximum value on the X axis is the set CAPTURE LENGTH -1.
Remote: SENS:CDP:IQL 2...63
SET
COUNT
SET TO
ANALYZE
This function offers the possibility for the R&S FSQ to capture up to 11970 slots
(correspond to 8 seconds) with a SINGLE SWEEP and then post process all the data
with SET TO ANALYZE.
If the SET COUNT is set to 1 (default value), the device behaves as before and with
the CAPTURE LENGTH the number of PCG can be set.
For R&S FSQ the SET COUNT can be adjusted in the range of 1…190. Is the SET
COUNT greater than 1 the CAPTURE LENGTH will be implicitly set to 63 slots and
become unavailable. The SET COUNT defines then how many SETS of 63 slots shall
The SETTINGS hotkey opens a submenu for setting the measurement parameters of
the application firmware.
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Software Manual 1300.8117.42 - 03 77
be captured consecutively into the IQ RAM of the R&S FSQ. With the SET TO
ANALYZE softkey the set for which the results are calculated can be defined. The
range is from 0... (SET COUNT-1).
Remote: SENS:CDP:SET:COUN 1..190 (FSQ)
SENS:CDP:SET:VAL <numeric_value> (FSQ)
SELECT
CHANNEL
You can use the SELECT CHANNEL softkey to select a channel. All evaluations that
consider results for a channel specify the results for the newly selected channel:
POWER VS SLOT, POWER VS SYMBOL, RESULT SUMMARY, BIT STREAM,
SYMBOL CONST and SYMBOL EVM.
In the evaluations CODE DOM POWER, CODE DOM ERROR and CHANNEL TABLE
(all on screen A), the selected channel is marked red.
Entry of a channel is decimal in the form <Channel number>.<Spreading factor> with a
decimal point as the demarcator. Instead of a channel number, you can enter a code
number without any decimal point and spreading factor. This is referred to the
spreading factor 16.
If the current channel table contains a concentrated channel to which the selected
channel belongs, this concentrated channel is displayed with the associated channel
number and spreading factor in the function field and marked red in the evaluations.
Example 1:
Entry of channel 5.8
Channel 3.4 is active in the channel table and also includes channels 5.8 and 6.8.
Channel 3.4 is shown in the entry box and marked red on screen A.
Example 2:
Entry of code number 9
Channel 3.4 is active in the channel table and includes code numbers 9, 10, 11 and 12.
Channel 3.4 is shown in the entry box and marked red on screen A.
The rotating wheel action depends on the evaluation on screen A and is geared to the
graphic display. The rotating wheel always selects the adjacent channel. In the channel
table, the rotating wheel is used to scroll through the list.
Remote: SENS:CDP:CODE 1...16
SELECT
SLOT
The SELECT SLOT softkey serves for selecting a slot. Entry of the slot is decimal.
Here the range is from 0 to (IQ capture length - 1) (see CAPTURE LENGTH softkey).
All evaluations that consider results for a slot specify the results for the newly selected
slot: CODE DOM POWER, CODE DOM ERROR, CHANNEL TABLE, POWER VS
SYMBOL, RESULT SUMMARY, BIT STREAM, SYMBOL CONST and SYMBOL EVM.
In the evaluations POWER VS SLOT, COMPOSITE EVM and PK CODE DOM ERR
the selected slot is marked red.
Remote: SENS:CDP:SLOT 0 ... (IQ_CAPTURE_LENGTH-1)
INACT CHAN
THRESHOLD
The INACT CHAN THRESHOLD softkey allows entry of the minimum relative power
that a single channel must have compared to the total signal in order to be regarded as
an active channel.
Channels below the specified threshold are regarded as inactive.
The two measurements COMPOSITE EVM and PK CODE DOM ERR, which are
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specified as measurements on the total signal, are performed using the list of active
channels. Corruption of these two measurements always occurs when active channels
are not detected as active and unoccupied channels are wrongly given the status of
occupied. INACT CHAN TRHESHOLD can therefore be used to influence the results of
the two measurements.
The default is -40 dB. If not all channels contained in the signal are detected
automatically, INACT CHAN THRESHOLD must be decremented. If non-existent
channels are detected, INACT CHAN THRESHOLD must be incremented.
Remote: SENS:CDP:ICTR -100 dB ... 0 dB
CODE PWR
ABS / REL
The CODE PWR ABS / REL softkey selects for CODE DOM POWER and POWER VS
SLOT evaluation whether the Y values should be displayed absolute (dBm) or relative
(dB). Relative is referred to the mean total power of the data fields of the selected slot.
Remote: CALC1:FEED "XPOW:CDP:RAT" (relative)
CALC1:FEED "XPOW:CDP" (absolute)
CALC1:FEED "XTIM:CDP:PVSL:RAT" (relative)
CALC1:FEED "XTIM:CDP:PVSL:ABS" (absolute)
INVERT Q
ON / OFF
The INVERT Q ON / OFF softkey inverts the sign of the Q component of the signal.
The default setting is OFF.
Remote: SENS:CDP:QINV OFF
SIDEBAND
NORM / INV
The SIDEBAND NORM / INV softkey chooses between measurement of the signal in a
normal and an inverted spectrum. The default setting is NORM.
NORM This allows measurement of mobile station RF signals.
INV This is practical for measurements on IF modules or components in the case
of spectral inversion.
Remote: SENS:CDP:SBAN NORM | INV
NORMALIZE
ON / OFF
The NORMALIZE ON / OFF softkey eliminates the DC offset from the signal. The
default setting is OFF.
Remote: SENS:CDP:NORM OFF
SYNC
TO SLOT
The softkey SYNC TO SLOT changes the phase reference from the midamble of slot 1
to the midamble of the selected slot.
By default the R&S FS-K77 determines the phase reference for all data slots from the
midamble of slot 1. For e.g. beamforming or repeater measurements it might be
necessary to apply different phase offsets to each time slot. Using slot 1 as phase
reference leads to rotated constellation diagrams and bad EVM values in the other time
slots.
By activating the new setting ‘SYNC TO SLOT’ the R&S FS-K77 determines the phase
reference from the midamble of the selected slot. Thus the data slots can be phase
rotated to each other without degrading the EVM results. The selected slot must
contain at least one data channel with sufficient power for successful synchronization.
Remote: SENSe:CDP:STSL ON | OFF
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SYNC TO
CODE / MA
This softkey selects the synchronization mode.
If CODE is selected, the phase reference is determined by a multi-stage algorithm
involving code channels and midambles. At least one code channel within the selected
slot must be QPSK or 8PSK modulated.
If MA is selected, the phase reference is determined by the midamble area. Hence
there is no requirement about the code channel modulation.
Remote: SENS:CDP:STSL:MODE CODE | MA
ROTATE
CODE / MA
By default the R&S FS-K77 determines one phase reference for all midambles and
code channels of a data slot. If ROTATE CODE TO MA is selected, phase rotations
between the code channels are allowed. Each code channel gets its own phase
reference from the associated midamble according to section AA.2 of the standard
document 3GPP TS 25.221. If the associated midamble is missing, the common phase
reference is used for this code channel.
Remote: SENS:CDP:STS:ROT ON | OFF
6.7.4 Frequency setting - FREQ key
FREQUENCY
CF-
CENTER
OFFSET
STEPSIZE
FREQ
The FREQ key opens a submenu for changing the measurement frequency.
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CENTER
The CENTER softkey opens the input window for manual entry of the center
frequency.
The permissible input range of the center frequency is
Minspan/2 f
center
f
max
- Minspan/2
fcenter center frequency
Minspan smallest selectable span > 0 Hz (10 Hz)
fmax maximum frequency
Remote: FREQ:CENT 100MHz
CF-
STEPSIZE
CF STEPSIZE opens a submenu for setting incrementation of the center frequency.
There is an option of entering the step size manually (MANUAL softkey) or using the
current measurement frequency (CENTER softkey). The softkeys are described in
the manual for the basic unit.
Remote: FREQ:CENT:STEP <numeric_value>
FREQUENCY
OFFSET
The FREQUENCY OFFSET softkey enables entry of an arithmetic frequency offset
that is added to the frequency axis labelling. The range for the offset is -100 GHz to
100 GHz. The default setting is 0 Hz.
Remote: FREQ:OFFS 10 MHz
6.7.5 Span settings - SPAN key
The SPAN key is disabled for measurements in the code domain analyzer. For all
other measurements (see MEAS key), the permissible span settings are explained for
the measurement concerned. The associated menu corresponds to that of the
measurement in the basic unit and is described in the manual for the basic unit.
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6.7.6 Level settings - AMPT key
Y PER DIV
ADJUST
REF LEVEL
REF LEVEL
AMPT
RF ATTEN
AUTO
REF VALUE
POSITION
RF ATTEN
MANUAL
REF LEVEL
The REF LEVEL softkey enables entry of the reference level. The entry is in dBm.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:Y:RLEV -60dBm
ADJUST
REF LEVEL
ADJUST REF LEVEL executes a routine for optimum matching of the reference level to
the signal.
Remote: SENS1:CDP:LEV:ADJ
Y PER DIV
Y PER DIV sets the grid spacing on the Y axis for all diagrams in which this is possible.
Remote: DISP:WIND1:TRAC1:Y:SCAL:PDIV
REF VALUE
POSITION
REF VALUE POSITION allows entry of the position of the Y axis reference value on the
axis (0 to 100%).
Remote: DISP:WIND1:TRACe1:Y:SCAL:RPOS
RF ATTEN
MANUAL
The RF ATTEN MANUAL softkey activates entry of attenuation independently of
reference level.
If the specified reference level can no longer be set for the given RF attenuation, it is
matched and the "Limit reached" message appears.
Remote: INP:ATT 40 DB
RF ATTEN
AUTO
The RF ATTEN AUTO softkey sets the RF attenuation automatically as a function of the
set reference level.
This ensures that the optimum attenuation you wish is always used.
RF ATTEN AUTO is the default setting.
Remote: INP:ATT:AUTO ON
The AMPT key opens a submenu for setting the reference level.
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6.7.7 Marker settings - MKR key
MARKER 1
MKR
MARKER 3
MARKER 4
MARKER 2
MARKER
NORM DELTA
ALL MARKER
OFF
The MARKER key opens a submenu for the marker settings.
Markers are not available for RESULT SUMMARY and CHANNEL TABLE evaluations.
Up to four markers can be activated in all other evaluations and defined as markers or
delta markers with the the MARKER NORM / DELTA softkey.
The MARKER 1-4 softkeys select and enable the particular marker.
MARKER 1 is always the normal marker after it is enabled, while MARKER 2 through 4
are delta markers referred to MARKER 1 after they are enabled. The MARKER NORM
/ DELTA softkey can be used to transform these markers into markers with absolute
measured value indication. If MARKER 1 is the active marker, MARKER NORM /
DELTA is used to enable an additional delta marker.
Press the MARKER 1-4 softkeys again to disable the selected marker.
Remote: CALC:MARK ON;
CALC:MARK:X <value>;
CALC:MARK:Y?
CALC:DELT ON;
CALC:DELT:MODE ABS|REL
CALC:DELT:X <value>;
CALC:DELT:X:REL?
CALC:DELT:Y?
The ALL MARKER OFF softkey disables all markers (reference and delta markers). It
also disables the functions and displays associated with the markers and delta
markers.
Remote: CALC:MARK:AOFF
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The parameters relating to an enabled marker are read out above the diagrams:
Marker 1 [T1]
-5.00 dB
DR 70.4kbps Chan 1.4 Code 3
SELECT
MARKER
The SELECT MARKER softkey selects the required marker in a data entry box. If the
marker is disabled, it is enabled and can then be moved. The entry is numeric. Delta
marker 1 is selected by entering '0'.
Remote: CALC:MARK1 ON;
CALC:MARK1:X <value>;
CALC:MARK1:Y?
PEAK
The PEAK softkey sets the active marker or delta marker to the maximum/minimum
of the associated trace.
If no marker was activated before opening the MKR-> menu, marker 1 is
automatically enabled and the PEAK function is executed.
Remote: CALC:MARK:MAX
CALC:DELT:MAX
CALC:MARK:MIN
SELECT
MKR->
NEXT PEAK
PEAK
PEAK MODE
MIN MAX
MARKER
NEXT MODE
LEFT RIGHT
Figure 37 Marker field of CDP measurement
For all other measurements not belonging to the code domain analyzer the marker
functions of the basic unit apply.
6.7.8 Marker settings - MKR key
The MKR key opens a submenu for marker functions:
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CALC:DELT:MAX
NEXT PEAK
The NEXT PEAK softkey sets the active marker or delta marker to the next lowest
maximum/minimum value of the associated trace. The search direction is specified
by the setting in the NEXT MODE LEFT / RIGHT submenu.
Remote: CALC:MARK:MAX:NEXT
CALC:DELT:MAX:NEXT
CALC:MARK:MIN:NEXT
CALC:DELT:MIN:NEXT
NEXT MODE
LEFT / RIGHT
The NEXT MODE LEFT / RIGHT softkey sets the direction for searching for the next
maximum/minimum value. SEARCH NEXT LEFT / RIGHT searches for the next
signal maximum left/right from the active marker, i.e. only signal segments
smaller/greater than the current marker position enter the search.
Remote: CALC:MARK:MAX:LEFT
CALC:DELT:MAX:LEFT
CALC:MARK:MIN:LEFT
CALC:DELT:MIN:
CALC:MARK:MAX:RIGH
CALC:DELT:MAX:RIGH
CALC:MARK:MIN:RIGH
CALC:DELT:MIN:RIGH
PEAK MODE
MIN / MAX
The PEAK MODE MIN / MAX softkey sets whether the peak search should
determine the maximum or minimum value of the trace. The parameter affects the
response of the PEAK and NEXT PEAK softkeys.
Remote: --
6.7.9 Marker functions - MKR FCTN key
The MKR FCTN key is disabled for all measurements of the code domain analyzer.
The softkeys of the menu are described in the manual of the basic unit for all other
measurements of the R&S FS-K77.
6.7.10 Bandwidth setting - BW key
The BW key is disabled for all measurements of the code domain analyzer. The
softkeys associated with the menu are described in the manual of the basic unit for all
other measurements of the R&S FS-K77.
6.7.11 Measurement control - SWEEP key
The menu of the SWEEP key contains options for switching between one-shot and
continuous measurement and for the control of one-shot measurements. For
measurements in the spectral range, the measurement time for a sweep can also be
set. All softkeys associated with the menu are described in the manual of the basic
unit.
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6.7.12 Measurement selection - MEAS key
FREE RUN
TRIG
EXTERN
RF POWER
IF POWER
TRIGGER
OFFSET
The menu of the MEAS key contains all the measurements that can be selected at the
pressing of a key in the R&S FS-K77. The menu and its submenus are described at
the beginning of Chapter 6.
6.7.13 Trigger settings - TRIG key
The TRIG key opens a submenu for selection of the various trigger sources. All
softkeys associated with the menu are described in the manual of the basic unit.
Contrary to downlink signals with DwPTS, there is normally no permanent pilot slot in
uplink. The UpPTS is used for the initial cell search and handover only. This impacts
the synchronisation and trigger of uplink signals.
For measurement of TD-SCDMA uplink signals the following trigger settings are
available:
● Free Run (Code Domain Analyser only)
● Extern
● IF Power
● RF Power (FSP with Option FSP-B6 only)
As an external trigger a subframe trigger is expected. An unambiguous slot assignment
is possible with subframe trigger only. When using IF or RF power trigger, only one
slot is allowed to be active. This slot is always assumed to be slot 1 (first slot after
UpPTS).
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Within the code domain analyser the free run trigger can be used. In free run mode a
CLEAR/
TRACE
MAX HOLD
MIN HOLD
AVERAGE
WRITE
SWEEP
COUNT
CLEAR /
WRITE
The CLEAR / WRITE softkey activates overwrite mode for the acquired measured
values, i.e. the trace is rewritten for each sweep.
After every actuation of the CLEAR / WRITE softkey, the unit deletes the selected
trace memory and restarts the measurement.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:MODE WRIT
MAX HOLD
The MAX HOLD softkey activates the peak value detector.
On every sweep, the analyzer only accepts the new measured value into the saved
valid slot allocation will be searched, so that the first active uplink slot of a subframe is
placed on slot 1. If an UpPTS is found within the captured signal, it will be used as
timing reference for slot allocation.
Example for free run trigger mode:
A TD-SCDMA uplink signal uses slots 2 and 3 and there is no UpPTS. The code
domain analyser will show an occupancy of slots 1 and 2.
From firmware V2.60/3.60 on also the external trigger level can be adjusted in the
range from 0.5V to 3.5V. The default value is 1.4V.
Remote: TRIG:SEQ:LEV:EXT <numeric_value>
6.7.14 Trace settings - TRACE key
The TRACE key opens the following submenu:
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trace data if it is larger than the previous one.
Pressing the MAX HOLD softkey a second time deletes the trace memory and starts
peak value detection from the beginning again.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:MODE MAXH
MIN HOLD
The MIN HOLD softkey activates the minimum value detector.
On every sweep, the analyzer only accepts the new measured value into the saved
trace data if it is smaller than the previous one.
Pressing the MIN HOLD softkey a second time deletes the trace memory and starts
minimum peak detection from the beginning again.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:MODE MINH
AVERAGE
The AVERAGE softkey enables the trace averaging function. The average is formed
over several sweeps. Averaging is performed as a function of the AVG MODE LOG /
LIN setting on the logarithmized level values or the measured power/voltage values.
Averaging is restarted every time the AVERAGE softkey is pressed. The trace
memory is always cleared.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:MODE AVER
VIEW
The softkey VIEW freezes the trace.
Remote: DISP:WIND:TRAC:MODE VIEW
SWEEP
COUNT
The SWEEP COUNT softkey sets the number of sweeps used for averaging. The
permissible range is 0 to 30000, though the following should be noted:
Sweep count = 0 means sliding averaging with averaging length of 10.
Sweep count = 1 means no averaging.
Sweep count > 1 means averaging over the specified number of sweeps; in a
continuous sweep the averaging changes to sliding averaging
once this number has been reached.
The default is sliding averaging (sweep count = 0). The number of sweeps used for
averaging is always equal to the averaging length of 10 for all active traces in the
selected diagram.
Remote: SWE:COUN 64
For measurements in the code domain analyzer, an AVERAGE, MAX HOLD or MIN
HOLD is possible.
In channel occupancy table evaluation, the channel configuration measured on the first
sweep is kept for the trace statistics.
If the signal is reconfigured, you must again press the SINGLE SWEEP softkey (and
possibly CONTINUOUS SWEEP).
The evaluations RESULT SUMMARY, BIT STREAM and the CONSTELLATION
diagrams only support CLEAR / WRITE mode.
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6.7.15 Display lines - LINES key
The LINES keyis disabled for all measurements of the code domain analyzer. The
menu setting options for all other measurements are equivalent to those of the
corresponding measurement in the basic unit. The respective softkeys are described in
the manual for the basic unit.
6.7.16 Measurement screen settings - DISP key
The menu of the DISP key contains softkeys for configuring the measurement screen.
The menus and softkey featrues are described in the manual of the basic unit.
6.7.17 Storing and loading unit data - FILE key
The FILE menu is the same as that of the basic unit. All softkeys are described in the
manual for the basic unit.
All keys on the front panel of the unit that are not specifically mentioned are identical to
those of the basic unit. The functions of the keys and the softkeys are described in the
manual of the basic unit.
6.7.18 Preset of device - PRESET key
The PRESET key presets the device. The behaviour is the same as of the basic unit and is
described in the manual for the basic unit.
6.7.19 Calibration of device - CAL key
The menu CAL is the same as that of the basic unit. All softkeys are described in the
manual for the basic unit.
6.7.20 Setup of device - SETUP key
The menu SETUP is the same as that of the basic unit. All softkeys are described in the
manual for the basic unit. The usage of transducer factors is possible in the CodeDomain as well as in the RF measurements.
Using the FS-K9 "Measurements with Power Sensor'' is also possible within that
application. Therefore the FS-K9 must be installed and the option key must be entered,
then in the side menu the sofkey POWERMETER is available. For further details of the FS-
K9 please refer to the FS-K9 software manual.
6.7.21 Printing - HCOPY key
The menu HCOPY is the same as that of the basic unit. All softkeys are described in
the manual for the basic unit.
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All keys on the front panel of the unit that are not specifically mentioned are identical to
those of the basic unit. The functions of the keys and the softkeys are described in the
manual of the basic unit.
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7 Remote Control Commands
CALCulate<1|2>:FEED <string>
This command selects the measured data that are displayed.
Parameters
<string>::= 'XPOW:CDP' |
'XPOW:CDP:RAT' |
'XPOW:CDEP' |
'XTIM:CDP:MACCuracy' |
'XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:ABS' |
'XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:RAT' |
'XTIM:CDP:PVSYmbol' |
'XTIM:CDP:BSTReam' |
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:SUMM' |
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:CTABle' |
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:PCDomain' |
'XTIM:CDP:SYMB:CONSt' |
'XTIM:CDP:SYMB:EVM' |
'XTIM:CDP:COMP:EVM' |
'XTIM:CDP:COMP:CONSt'
The meanings of the string parameters are as follows:
'XPOW:CDP'
Result display of code domain power (absolute) in bar graph (CALCulate<1>)
'XPOW:CDP:RAT'
Result display of code domain power ratio (relative) in bar graph
(CALCulate<1>)
'XPOW:CDEP'
Result display of code domain error power in bar graph (CALCulate<1>)
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:SUMM'
Tabular display of results (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:CTABle'
Display of channel occupancy table (CALCulate<1>)
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:PCDomain'
Result display of peak code domain error (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:MACCuracy'
This chapter describes the remote control commands for the application firmware.
The commands that also apply to the basic unit in SPECTRUM mode and the system
settings are described in the operating manual for the analyzer.
7.1 CALCulate:FEED subsystem
CALCulate:FEED subsystem selects the type of evaluation for the measured data. This
corresponds to the selection of the result display in manual operation.
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Result display of composite EVM (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:ABS'
Result display of power versus slot, absolute (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:PVSLot:RAT'
Result display of power versus slot, relative
(CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:PVSYmbol'
Result display of power versus symbol (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:BSTReam'
Result display of bit stream (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:SYMB:CONSt'
Result display of symbol constellation (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:SYMB:EVM'
Result display of error vector magnitude (CALCulate<2>)
'XTIM:CDP:COMP:CONSt'
Result display of composite constellation (CALCulate<2>)
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
CALC2:FEED 'XTIM:CDP:MACC'
'Select COMP EVM evaluation
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
TRAC? TRACE2
'Poll COMP EVM data
Characteristics
*
RST value: 'XPOW:CDP:RAT' (CALCulate<1>)
'XTIM:CDP:ERR:SUMM' (CALCulate<2>)
SCPI: compliant
Code domain power measurements are always shown in split screen mode and the
allocation of the evaluation to the measurement window is fixed. The necessary or
allowed numerical suffix in CALCulate is therefore specified in brackets in every
evaluation.
7.2 CALCulate:LIMit: ESPectrum subsystem
CALCulate:LIMit: ESPectrum subsystem defines the limit check for spectral
measurements.
Can be used in a setting command to disable a channel temporarily.
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CALCulate:LIMit:ESPectrum:CHECk:X?
CALCulate:LIMit:ESPectrum:CHECk:Y?
These commands return the X-value and the Y-value respectively at the maximum
overstepping of the spectrum emission mask limits.
Example
INST MTDS
'Switches unit to TD-SCDMA MS mode
CALC:LIM:ESP:CHEC:X?
'Returns the frequency at the maximum overstepping
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
CALCulate:LIMit:ESPectrum:MODE AUTO | USER
This command enables and disables automatic selection of the limit line in the
spectrum emission mask measurement.
Parameters
AUTO The limit line sets itself according to the measured channel power.
USER Poll only, user-defined limit lines are enabled (refer to the details of limit
lines in the manual for the unit).
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
CONF:CDP:MEAS ESP
'Select spectrum emission mask measurement
CALC:LIM:ESP:MODE AUTO
'Activates automatic selection of limit line
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
CALC:LIM:FAIL
'Poll result of limit check
Characteristics
*
RST value: AUTO
SCPI: device-specific
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CALCulate:LIMit:ESPectrum:RESTore
This command restores the standard limit lines for spectrum emission mask
measurement. All changes to the standard limit lines are thus lost and they are
again as when delivered.
Example
INST MTDS
'Switches unit to TD-SCDMA mode
CALC:LIM:ESP:REST
'Resets spectrum emission mask limit lines to default
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
CALCulate<1|2>:MARKer<1>:FUNCtion:CDPower[:BTS]:RESult? ACTive |
ARCDError | CERRor | FERRor | IQIMbalance | IQOFfset | | MACCuracy | PCDerror |
PD1 | PD2 | | PDATa | PMIDamble | RHO | SLOT | TFRame CDPabsolute |
CDPRelative | CHANnel | EVMRms | EVMPeak I | | SFACtor | SRATe
This command polls the measured and calculated values of code domain power
analysis. The results are provided for the channel to which the code selected by the
CDPower:CODe command belongs
Parameters
Global results of selected slot:
ACTive Number of active channels
ARCDError Average RCDE of active channels
CERRor Chip rate error in ppm
FERRor Frequency error in Hz
IQIMbalance IQ imbalance in %
IQOFfset IQ offset in %
MACCuracy Composite EVM in %
PCDerror Peak code domain error in dB
PD1 Power data field 1 in dBm
PD2 Power data field 2 in dBm
PDATa Power data fields in dBm
PMIDamble Power midamble in dBm
RHO RHO
SLOT Slot number
TFRame Trigger to frame
Channel results
CDPabsolute Channel power absolute in dBm
This command is an event, so it has neither a poll nor an *RST value.
7.3 CALCulate:MARKer subsystem
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CDPRelative Channel power relative in dB
CHANnel Channel number
EVMPeak Error vector magnitude Peak in %
EVMRms Error vector magnitude RMS in %
SFACtor Spreading factor of channel
SRATe Data rate in kbps
Note:
The trigger to frame (TFRame) value produces a "9" if the trigger is set to FREE RUN.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD–SCDMA MS meaning CDP relative on screen A
Result Summary active on screen B
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
CALC:MARK:FUNC:CDP:RES? PDAT
'Read out power of data fields
CDP:SLOT 5
'Selects slot 5
CDP:CODE 11
'Select code number 11
CALC:MARK:FUNC:CDP:RES? EVMR
'Read out EVM RMS of code with number 11 in slot 5
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:CATalog?
This command polls the names of all channel tables saved on harddisk for TDSCDMA MS.
The syntax of the output format is as follows:
<Sum of sizes of all subsequent files>,<Spare capacity on harddisk>,
<1st file name>,<1st file size>,<2nd file name>,,<2nd file size>,....,<nth file
name>,,<nth file size>,..
7.4 CONFigure:CDPower subsystem
This subsystem contains the commands for selecting and configuring measurements in the
TD-SCDMA application firmware. Only the numeric suffix 1 is allowed for CONF. You will
find further settings for code domain power analysis under the :SENS:CDP command.
Further settings for spectrum emission mask measurement can be found under the
CALCulate:LIMit:ESPectrum command.
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Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:CAT?
'Poll catalog
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:COMMent <string>
This command defines a comment on the selected channel table.
Before using this command, you must set the name of the channel table using the
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME command and enter a valid channel table by
CONF:CDP:CTAB:DATA.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME 'NEW_TAB'
'Select table to edit
CONF:CDP:CTAB:COMM 'Comment for NEW_TAB'
Characteristics
*
RST value: “”
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:COPY <file_name>
This command copies one channel table to another. You select the channel table
you want to copy by the CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME command.
Parameters
<file_name> ::= name of new channel table
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME 'CTAB_
'Select table to edit
CONF:CDP:CTAB:COPY 'CTAB_2'
'Copies CTAB_1 to C_TAB2
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
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CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:DATA 1|2|8|9, 0..4, 1..16, 0..4, 1..16, 0 | 1, 0, 0
This command defines a channel table. The whole table is defined in one
operation. The inactive channels (INACtive) do not have to be defined. Eight
values are specified for a line of a table.
Before using this command, you must set the name of the channel table using the
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME command.
Parameters
< Channel type >, <Code class>, <Code number>, <Modulation type>, <Midamble
shift>, <Status>, <Reserved 1>, <Reserved 2>, ....
Channel type: The channel type is coded with numbers as follows:
1 = Midamble
2 = DPCH
8 = PRACH
9 = PUSCH
Code class: 0-4
Code number: 1-16
Modulation type: 0 = invalid (for midamble)
1 = QPSK
2 = 8PSK
3 = 16QAM
4 = 64QAM
Midamble shift: 1-16
Status: 0: inactive, 1: active
Can be used in a setting command to disable a channel
temporarily.
Reserved 1: Always 0, reserved for additions
Reserved 2: Always 0, reserved for additions
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME 'NEW_TAB'
'Select table to edit
CONF:CDP:CTAB:DATA 2,4,1,1,1,1,0,0, 2,4,2,1,1,1,0,0
'Defines two data channels with QPSK modulation
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
The name of the channel table may consist of up to eight characters. This command is
an event, so it has neither an *RST value nor a poll function.
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CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:DELete
This command deletes the selected channel table. You select the channel table
you want to delete by the CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME command.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME 'CTAB_2'
'Select table to edit
CONF:CDP:CTAB:DEL
'Deletes CTAB_2
Characteristics
*
RST value: SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:MSHift 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16
This command defines the maximum number of midamble shifts in the channel table.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME ''CTAB_1'
'Selects channel table 'CTAB_1'
CONF:CDP:CTAB:MSH 4
'Sets the maximum number of midamble shifts to 4
Characteristics
*
RST value: 16
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:CTABle:NAME <file_name>
This command selects a channel table to edit or create. It is not used for analysis.
In this context, see commands CONF:CDP:CTAB:STAT and
CONF:CDP:CTAB:SEL.
Example
CONF:CDP:CTAB:NAME 'NEW_TAB'
'Select table to edit
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
This command is an event, so it has neither an *RST value nor a poll function.
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Characteristics
*
RST value: ""
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure<1>:CDPower:CTABle:ORDer CODE | MIDamble
This command selects sorting of the channel table in code order or midamble
order.
Example
CONF:CDP:CTAB:ORD MID
Characteristics
*
RST value: CODE
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure<1>:CDPower:CTABle:SELect <string>
This command selects a predefined channel table file. Before using this
command, you must have enabled the RECENT channel table by the
CONF:CDP:CTAB ON command.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS meaning CDP relative on screen A and
Result Summary active on screen B
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization so that channel
'table can be enabled
CONF:CDP:CTAB ON
'Use predefined channel table
CONF:CDP:CTAB:SEL 'CTAB_1'
'Select channel table
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
Characteristics
*
RST value: RECENT
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure<1>:CDPower:CTABle[:STATe] ON | OFF
This command enables and disables the channel table. Enabling results in the
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measured channel table being saved as RECENT and enabled. After the
RECENT channel table is enabled, another channel table can be selected with the
CONF:CDP:CTAB:SEL command.
Note:
You must always enable the RECENT channel table first with the
CONF:CDP:CTAB:STAT command and then use the CONF:CDP:CTAB:SELect
command to select the channel table you require.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS meaning CDP relative on screen A and
Result Summary active on screen B
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization so that channel
table can be enabled
CONF:CDP:CTAB ON
'Use predefined channel table
CONF:CDP:CTAB:SEL 'CTAB_1'
'Select channel table
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
Characteristics
*
RST value: OFF
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure<1>:CDPower:MEASurement POWer | ACLR | ESPectrum |
OBANdwith | OBWidth | CDPower | CCDF
This command selects the measurement of the Application Firmware R&S FS-K77, TDSCDMA mobile station test. The predefined settings of the different measurements are
described in Chapter 6.
Parameters
POWer Channel power measurement (TD-SCDMA UE standard)
with predefined settings
ACLR Adjacent channel power measurement (TD-SCDMA UE
standard) with predefined settings
ESPectrum Check of signal power (spectrum emission mask)
OBANdwith | OBWidth Measurement of occupied bandwidth
PVTime Measurement of power versus time
CDPower Code domain analyzer measurement
CCDF Signal statistic measurements
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Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
INIT:CONT OFF
'Select single sweep
CONF:CDP:MEAS POW
'Select channel power measurement
INIT;*WAI
'Start measurement with synchronization
Characteristics
*
RST value: CDPower
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:PVTime:HDYNamic
This commandselects the high dynamic mode. The sweep mode is automatically
set to single sweep.
Parameters
ON | OFF
Example
CONF:CDP:PVT:HDYN ON
'Switch on high dynamic
Characteristics
*
RST value: OFF
SCPI: device-specific
CONFigure:CDPower:PVTime:SFRames
This command defines the number of subframes for averaging.
Example
INST:SEL MTDS
'Activate TD-SCDMA MS
CONF:CDP:MEAS PVT
'Select Power Vs Time
CONF:CDP:PVT:SFR 50
'Set number of subframes
Characteristics
*
RST value: 100
SCPI: device-specific
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