R&S®FPS MSRA
Multi-Standard Radio Analyzer
User Manual
(;ÚãØ2)
1176.8574.02 ─ 08
User Manual
Test & Measurement
This manual applies to the following R&S®FPS models with firmware version 1.50 and higher:
●
R&S®FPS4 (1319.2008K04)
●
R&S®FPS7 (1319.2008K07)
●
R&S®FPS13 (1319.2008K13)
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R&S®FPS30 (1319.2008K30)
●
R&S®FPS40 (1319.2008K40)
© 2017 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of their owners.
The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: R&S®FPS is abbreviated as R&S FPS. R&S®FPS Multi-Standard
Radio Analyzer is abbreviated as R&S FPS MSRA.
R&S®FPS MSRA
1 Preface.................................................................................................... 5
1.1 About this Manual......................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Typographical Conventions.........................................................................................6
2 Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode...............................................7
2.1 Starting the MSRA operating mode.............................................................................7
2.2 Understanding the Display Information......................................................................8
3 Typical Applications............................................................................ 14
4 Measurements and Result Displays...................................................15
5 Applications and Operating Modes....................................................17
Contents
Contents
5.1 Available Slave Applications..................................................................................... 18
5.2 Selecting the Operating Mode and Slave Applications........................................... 20
5.3 Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode........................................................................ 22
6 MSRA Basics........................................................................................24
6.1 Configuration...............................................................................................................24
6.2 Data Acquisition..........................................................................................................25
6.3 Multi-Standard Analysis............................................................................................. 26
6.4 Restrictions for Slave Applications...........................................................................28
6.5 Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain................................................ 28
7 Configuration........................................................................................30
7.1 Configuration Overview..............................................................................................31
7.2 Input Source Settings................................................................................................. 33
7.3 Amplitude.....................................................................................................................35
7.4 Frequency Settings.....................................................................................................39
7.5 Trigger Settings...........................................................................................................40
7.6 Data Acquisition and Bandwidth Settings................................................................46
7.7 Output Settings........................................................................................................... 53
7.8 Display Configuration.................................................................................................54
7.9 Automatic Settings..................................................................................................... 54
8 Analysis................................................................................................ 57
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R&S®FPS MSRA
8.1 Configuring the Analysis Line................................................................................... 57
9 How to Perform Measurements in MSRA Mode................................ 59
10 Measurement Example: Analyzing MSR Signals.............................. 62
11 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements in MSRA Mode......69
11.1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 69
11.2 Common Suffixes........................................................................................................74
11.3 Activating MSRA Measurements............................................................................... 75
11.4 Configuring MSRA Measurements............................................................................ 80
11.5 Capturing Data and Performing Sweeps................................................................ 104
11.6 Retrieving Results.....................................................................................................110
11.7 Querying the Status Registers.................................................................................114
11.8 Analyzing MSRA Measurements............................................................................. 117
Contents
11.9 Commands Specific to MSRA Slave Applications.................................................118
11.10 Programming Example: Analyzing MSR Signals................................................... 120
Annex.................................................................................................. 123
A Annex.................................................................................................. 123
A.1 Reference: Format Description for I/Q Data Files.................................................. 123
A.2 Formats for Returned Values: ASCII Format and Binary Format......................... 124
A.3 Sample Rate and Maximum Usable I/Q Bandwidth for RF Input.......................... 125
List of Remote Commands (MSRA)..................................................128
Index....................................................................................................130
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R&S®FPS MSRA
1 Preface
Preface
About this Manual
1.1 About this Manual
This R&S FPS MSRA User Manual provides all the information specific to the operating mode. All general instrument functions and settings common to all applications
and operating modes are described in the main R&S FPS User Manual.
The main focus in this manual is on the measurement results and the tasks required to
obtain them. The following topics are included:
●
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Introduction to and getting familiar with the operating mode
●
Typical Applications
Example measurement scenarios in which the operating mode is frequently used
●
Measurements and Result Displays
Details on supported measurements and their result types
●
MSRA Basics
Background information on basic terms and principles in the context of the MSRA
operating mode
●
MSRA Configuration
A concise description of all functions and settings available to configure an MSRA
measurements with their corresponding remote control command
●
How to Perform Measurements in MSRA Mode
The basic procedure to perform an MSRA measurement with step-by-step instructions
●
Measurement Examples
Detailed measurement examples to guide you through typical measurement scenarios and allow you to try out the operating mode immediately
●
Optimizing and Troubleshooting the Measurement
Hints and tips on how to handle errors and optimize the test setup
●
Remote Commands for MSRA Measurements
Remote commands required to configure and perform MSRA measurements in a
remote environment, sorted by tasks
(Commands required to set up the environment or to perform common tasks on the
instrument are provided in the main R&S FPS User Manual)
Programming examples demonstrate the use of many commands and can usually
be executed directly for test purposes
●
Annex
Reference material
●
List of remote commands
Alpahabetical list of all remote commands described in the manual
●
Index
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Preface
Typographical Conventions
1.2 Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
Convention Description
"Graphical user interface elements"
KEYS Key names are written in capital letters.
File names, commands,
program code
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font.
tion marks.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
2 Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Starting the MSRA operating mode
The MSRA operating mode is part of the standard R&S FPS firmware and adds functionality to perform multi-standard radio analysis.
The R&S FPS MSRA operating mode features:
●
Analysis of the same I/Q data in more than one application
●
Analysis of correlated effects due to multiple standards
●
Configuration of data acquisition settings only required once for all applications
●
Overview of all results in one screen in addition to large display of individual results
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Common analysis line (time marker) across all applications
●
Performing measurements in the frequency and time domain (such as channel
power measurements) on I/Q data
This user manual contains a description of the functionality specific to the MSRA operating mode, including remote control operation.
All functions not discussed in this manual are the same as in Signal and Spectrum
Analyzer mode and are described in the R&S FPS User Manual. The latest version is
available for download at the product homepage
http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/product/FPS.html.
Additional information
An application note discussing efficient measurements using the MSRA operating
mode is available from the Rohde & Schwarz website:
1EF83: Using the R&S®FSW for Efficient Measurements on Multi- Standard Radio
Base Stations (MSRA)
2.1 Starting the MSRA operating mode
MSRA is a new operating mode on the R&S FPS.
Manual operation via an external monitor and mouse
Although the R&S FPS does not have a built-in display, it is possible to operate it interactively in manual mode using a graphical user interface with an external monitor and
a mouse connected.
It is recommended that you use the manual mode initially to get familiar with the instrument and its functions before using it in pure remote mode. Thus, this document
describes in detail how to operate the instrument manually using an external monitor
and mouse. The remote commands are described in the second part of the document.
To activate the MSRA operating mode
1. Select the MODE key.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
A dialog box opens that contains all operating modes and applications currently
available on your R&S FPS.
2. Select the "Multi Standard Radio Analyzer" tab.
3. Confirm the message informing you that you are changing operating modes.
The R&S FPS closes all active measurement channels in the current operating
mode, then opens a new measurement channel for the MSRA operating mode.
In addition to the "MSRA View", an "MSRA Master" tab is displayed.
The Sequencer is automatically activated in continuous mode (see Chapter 5.3,
"Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode", on page 22), starting an I/Q Analyzer
data acquisition with the default settings (but with a "Spectrum" result display). It
can be configured in the MSRA "Overview" dialog box, which is displayed when
you select the "Overview" softkey from any menu (see Chapter 7, "Configuration",
on page 30).
Remote command:
INST:MODE MSR, see INSTrument:MODE on page 78
2.2 Understanding the Display Information
The following figure shows a screen display during MSRA operation. All different information areas are labeled. They are explained in more detail in the following sections.
●
The orange background of the screen behind the measurement channel tabs indicates that you are in MSRA operating mode.
●
icon on the tab label indicates that the displayed trace (e.g. in an MSRA
The
slave application) no longer matches the currently captured data. This may be the
case, for example, if a data acquisition was performed in another slave application.
As soon as the result display is refreshed, the icon disappears.
●
The icon indicates that an error or warning is available for that measurement
channel. This is particularly useful if the MSRA View tab is displayed.
An orange "IQ" indicates that the results displayed in the MSRA slave application(s) no
longer match the data captured by the MSRA Master. The "IQ" disappears after the
results in the slave application(s) are refreshed.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
1 = MSRA View (overview of all active channels in MSRA mode)
2 = MSRA Master (data acquisition channel with global configuration settings)
3 = Measurement channel tab for individual MSRA slave application
4 = Channel bar for firmware and measurement settings of current slave application
5+6 = Window title bar with diagram-specific (trace) information and analysis interval (slave applications)
7 = Diagram area
8 = Diagram footer with diagram-specific information, depending on evaluation
9 = Instrument status bar with error messages, progress bar and date/time display
The diagram area varies depending on the type of measurement channel, as described
in detail in the following topics.
Window title bar information
For each diagram, the header provides the following information:
Figure 2-1: Window title bar information in MSRA mode
1 = Window number
2 = Window type
3 = Trace color
4 = Trace number
5 = Detector
6 = Trace mode
7 = Analysis interval
8 = Analysis line indication
Diagram footer information
The information in the diagram footer (beneath the diagram) depends on the evaluation:
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
●
Center frequency
●
Number of sweep points
●
Range per division (x-axis)
●
Span (Spectrum)
Status bar information
Global instrument settings, the instrument status and any irregularities are indicated in
the status bar beneath the diagram. Furthermore, the progress of the current operation
is displayed in the status bar.
If an error or warning is available for a measurement channel, the icon is displayed
next to the tab label in the channel bar.
2.2.1 MSRA View
The MSRA View is an overview of all active channels in MSRA mode, similar to the
MultiView tab in Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode. At the top of the screen the
MSRA Master is displayed, i.e. the application that captures data. Beneath the MSRA
Master, all active slave applications are displayed in individual windows. Each slave
application has its own channel bar with the current settings as well as a button in
order to switch to that slave application tab directly.
The MSRA View displays the following basic elements:
= Channel information bar for the MSRA Master
1
2 = Slave application data coverage for each active slave application
3 = Result display for MSRA Master (for entire capture buffer)
4 = Channel information bar for slave application with button to switch to slave application tab
5 = Result display for slave application (for analysis interval)
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
2.2.2 MSRA Master
The MSRA Master is the only channel that captures data. It also controls global configuration settings for all slave applications. The MSRA Master channel itself is implemented as an I/Q Analyzer slave application. The MSRA Master measurement channel
cannot be deleted or replaced.
The following figure shows the screen elements specific to the MSRA Master.
1
= Channel information bar for the MSRA Master
2 = Data coverage for each active slave application
3 = Analysis line
4 = Result display for MSRA Master (for entire capture buffer)
Channel bar information
The channel bar shows the firmware and measurement information for data acquisition
and global configuration.
Table 2-1: Information displayed in the channel bar for the MSRA Master
Ref Level Reference level
(m.+el.)Att (Mechanical and electronic) RF attenuation
Ref Offset Reference level offset
Freq Center frequency
AQT Defined measurement time, i.e. the duration of data acquisition to the cap-
ture buffer
Rec Length Defined record length (number of samples to capture)
SRate Defined sample rate for data acquisition
RBW (Spectrum evaluation only) Resolution bandwidth calculated from the
sample rate and record length
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
In addition, the channel bar also displays information on instrument settings that affect
the measurement results even though this is not immediately apparent from the display
of the measured values (e.g. transducer or trigger settings). This information is displayed only when applicable for the current measurement. For details see the
R&S FPS Getting Started manual.
Data coverage for each active slave application
Each slave application obtains an extract of the data captured by the MSRA Master
(see also Chapter 6.3, "Multi-Standard Analysis", on page 26). Generally, if a signal
contains data channels for multiple standards, the individual slave applications are
used to analyze the channel for the corresponding standard. Thus, it is of interest to
know which slave application is analyzing which part of the captured data, or more precisely, which data channel. The MSRA Master display indicates the data covered by
each slave application, restricted to the channel bandwidth used by the corresponding
standard, by vertical blue lines labeled with the slave application name. For slave applications that support several standards (e.g. VSA, LTE) an estimated or user-defined
bandwidth is indicated.
2.2.3 MSRA Slave Applications
The data captured by the MSRA Master measurement (or only parts of it) can be evaluated by various slave applications. The measurement channel for each slave application contains the settings and results for the slave application data extract from the
capture buffer.
The following figure shows the screen elements specific to the MSRA slave application
tabs.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Welcome to the MSRA Operating Mode
Understanding the Display Information
1 = Channel information bar for slave application
2 = Analysis interval for current evaluation
3 = Result display for analysis interval
4 = Analysis line
The display for the individual MSRA slave applications is identical to the display in Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode except for the following differences:
●
The analysis interval indicates which part of the capture buffer is being evaluated
and displayed in each window.
●
The acquisition time indicated in the channel bar (Meas Time) indicates the analyzed measurement time, not the captured time.
●
Any bandwidth or sample rate values refer to the slave application data, not to the
actual data acquisition from the input signal.
●
The analysis line for time-based displays is only available in MSRA mode. It represents a common time marker in all slave applications whose analysis interval
includes that time (see "Analysis line" on page 27).
For details on the individual slave application displays see the corresponding User
Manuals for those applications.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
3 Typical Applications
Typical Applications
The technological advances made in the field of mobile radio have given rise to a wide
variety of standards over the past several decades. These standards, which include
those produced by the global cooperative for standardization – the 3rd Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP) – are based on various transmission technologies. Network operators can deploy GSM/EDGE, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and LTE or combinations of these four standards.
To handle these complex scenarios, the Multistandard Radio Base Station (MSR-BS)
was developed. These can transmit and receive multiple standards simultaneously on
various carriers. An MSR-BS combines at least two different radio access technologies
(RAT).
Specifications and Tests
3GPP has published the specifications TS 37.141 and TS 37.104 for multistandard
base stations. The latter describes the minimum requirements for multistandard base
stations in terms of RF requirements for the downlink and uplink. TS 37.141 defines
the tests and test requirements for the MSR-BS based on these RF requirements.
To allow for efficient MSR-BS testing, TS 37.141 includes test configurations. The goal
of these test configurations is to significantly reduce the complexity of the many possible test scenarios. They are limited to the worst-case scenarios with the strictest criteria. Thus, for example, a test configuration is provided for receiver tests in which two
signals – a GSM carrier and an LTE carrier with a BW
at the lower and upper edge of BWRF while maintaining F
= 5 MHz – are positioned
Channel
offset-RAT
. This allows receiver
tests to be performed with a configuration that fully utilizes the maximum bandwidth
BWRF of the MSR-BS.
MSR-BS Testing using R&S FPS Multi-Standard Radio Analysis
The newly introduced R&S FPS MSRA mode allows you to capture signals from a multistandard base station and analyze the same data in various standard applications.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
4 Measurements and Result Displays
Measurements and Result Displays
MSRA measurement
The only true measurement in MSRA mode in which I/Q data from the input signal is
captured and stored is performed by the MSRA Master. This data acquisition is performed as in the I/Q Analyzer application, i.e. a specified frequency span of the input
signal is swept for a specified measurement time. The captured I/Q data can then be
analyzed in various different applications.
Result displays
The data that was captured by the MSRA Master can be evaluated in various different
applications. All evaluation modes available for the MSRA applications are displayed in
the selection bar in SmartGrid mode.
For details on working with the SmartGrid see the R&S FPS Getting Started manual.
The result displays available in MSRA mode are those described for the individual
applications. The MSRA Master is implemented as an I/Q Analyzer application and has
the same result displays.
See the R&S FPS I/Q Analyzer User Manual for a description of the result displays
available for the I/Q Analyzer and thus the MSRA Master.
Measurements in the time and frequency domain
The I/Q Analyzer application (not Master) in MSRA mode can also perform measurements on the captured I/Q data in the time and frequency domain (see also Chap-
ter 6.5, "Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain", on page 28).
This allows you to perform standard-specific and general power measurements (such
as ACLR or SEM) or statistical evaluations, as well as analyzing the EVM or modulation accuracy, on the same captured I/Q data.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
Measurements and Result Displays
Time and frequency-based measurements are configured using the same settings and
provide similar results as in the Spectrum application. In addition, the analysis interval
used for the measurement is indicated as in all MSRA applications.
The time and frequency domain measurements and the available results are described
in detail in the R&S FPS User Manual.
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R&S®FPS MSRA
5 Applications and Operating Modes
Applications and Operating Modes
The R&S FPS provides several applications for different analysis tasks and different
types of signals, e.g. W-CDMA, I/Q analysis or basic spectrum analysis. When you
activate an application, a new measurement channel is created which determines the
measurement settings for that application. The same application can be activated with
different measurement settings by creating several channels for the same application.
Each channel is displayed in a separate tab on the screen.
The maximum number may be limited further by the available memory on the instrument.
Independent vs correlating measurements
With the conventional R&S FPS Signal and Spectrum Analyzer you can perform
several different measurements almost simultaneously. However, the individual measurements are independent of each other - each application captures and evaluates
its own set of data, regardless of what the other applications do.
In some cases it may be useful to analyze the exact same input data using different
applications. For example, imagine capturing data from a base station and analyzing
the RF spectrum in the Analog Demodulation application. If a spur or an unexpected
peak occurs, you may want to analyze the same data in the I/Q Analyzer to see the
real and imaginary components of the signal and thus detect the reason for the irregular signal. Normally when you switch to a different application, evaluation is performed
on the data that was captured by that application, and not the previous one. In our
example that would mean the irregular signal would be lost. Therefore, a second operating mode is available in the R&S FPS: Multi-Standard Radio Analyzer (MSRA) mode.
Multi-Standard Radio Analyzer mode
In Multi-Standard Radio Analyzer (MSRA) mode, data acquisition is performed once
as an I/Q measurement by a master application, and the captured data is then evaluated by any number of slave applications for different radio standards. Data acquisition
and global configuration settings are controlled globally, while the evaluation and display settings can be configured individually for each slave application. Using the MultiStandard Radio Analyzer, unwanted correlations between different signal components
using different transmission standards can be detected. Thus, for example, an irregularity in a GSM burst can be examined closer in the R&S FPS 3G FDD BTS (W-CDMA)
slave application to reveal dependencies like a change in the EVM value.
Distinct operating modes
Although the applications themselves are identical in all operating modes, the handling
of the data between applications is not. Thus, the operating mode determines which
slave applications are available and active. Whenever you change the operating mode,
the currently active measurement channels are closed. The default operating mode is
Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode; however, the presetting can be changed.
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Applications and Operating Modes
Available Slave Applications
Remote command:
INST:MODE MSR, see INSTrument:MODE on page 78
Switching between applications
When you switch to a new application, a set of parameters is passed on from the current application to the new one:
●
center frequency and frequency offset
●
reference level and reference level offset
●
attenuation
After initial setup, the parameters for the measurement channel are stored upon exiting
and restored upon re-entering the channel. Thus, you can switch between applications
quickly and easily.
5.1 Available Slave Applications
Not all options available for the R&S FPS are supported as slave applications in the
MSRA mode. The supported slave applications are listed here. Note that some of the
applications are provided with the base unit, while others are available only if the corresponding firmware options are installed.
Currently, only applications for base-station tests and those that process I/Q data are
supported in MSRA mode, in particular:
●
I/Q Analyzer
●
Analog Demodulation
●
Pulse measurements
●
GSM
●
3G FDD BTS
●
TD-SCDMA BTS
●
cdma2000 BTS
●
1xEV-DO BTS
●
WLAN
●
Vector Signal Analysis (VSA)
●
LTE (Downlink)
I/Q Analyzer.................................................................................................................. 19
Pulse Measurements.................................................................................................... 19
GSM..............................................................................................................................19
3G FDD BTS.................................................................................................................19
TD-SCDMA BTS........................................................................................................... 19
cdma2000 BTS............................................................................................................. 20
1xEV-DO BTS...............................................................................................................20
LTE DL..........................................................................................................................20
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Applications and Operating Modes
Available Slave Applications
I/Q Analyzer
The I/Q Analyzer slave application provides measurement and display functions for I/Q
signals. Evaluation of the captured I/Q data in the frequency and time domain is also
possible.
For details see the R&S FPS I/Q Analyzer User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL IQ, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
Pulse Measurements
The Pulse slave application requires an instrument equipped with the Pulse Measurements option, R&S FPS-K6. This slave application provides measurement functions for
pulsed signals.
For details see the R&S FPS-K6 User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL PULSE, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
GSM
The GSM slave application requires an instrument equipped with the corresponding
optional software. This slave application provides measurement functions for measuring GSM signals.
For details see the R&S FPS GSM User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL GSM, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
3G FDD BTS
The 3G FDD BTS slave application requires an instrument equipped with the 3GPP
Base Station Measurements option, R&S FPS-K72. This slave application provides
test measurements for WCDMA downlink signals (base station signals) according to
the test specification.
RF measurements are not supported in MSRA mode.
For details see the R&S FPS 3G FDD User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL BWCD, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
TD-SCDMA BTS
The TD-SCDMA BTS slave application requires an instrument equipped with the TDSCDMA BTS Measurements option, R&S FPS-K82. This slave application provides
test measurements for TD-SCDMA BTS downlink signals (base station signals)
according to the test specification.
RF measurements are not supported in MSRA mode.
For details see the R&S FPS TD-SCDMA User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL BTDS, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
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Applications and Operating Modes
Selecting the Operating Mode and Slave Applications
cdma2000 BTS
The cdma2000 BTS slave application requires an instrument equipped with the
cdma2000 BTS Measurements option, R&S FPS-K82. This slave application provides
test measurements for cdma2000 BTS downlink signals (base station signals) according to the test specification.
RF measurements are not supported in MSRA mode.
For details see the R&S FPS cdma2000 User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL BC2K, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
1xEV-DO BTS
The 1xEV-DO BTS slave application requires an instrument equipped with the 1xEVDO BTS Measurements option, R&S FPS-K84. This slave application provides test
measurements for 1xEV-DO BTS downlink signals (base station signals) according to
the test specification.
RF measurements are not supported in MSRA mode.
For details see the R&S FPS 1xEV-DO User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL BDO, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
LTE DL
The LTE Downlink slave application requires an instrument equipped with the LTE
Downlink option, R&S FPS-K100 or R&S FPS-K104. This slave application provides
test measurements for LTE downlink signals (base station signals) according to the
test specification.
Frequency sweep measurements are not supported in MSRA mode.
For details see the R&S FPS LTE DL User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL LTE, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
5.2 Selecting the Operating Mode and Slave Applications
Access: MODE
The default operating mode is Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode, however, the presetting can be changed.
(See the "Instrument Setup" chapter in the R&S FPS User Manual).
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Applications and Operating Modes
Selecting the Operating Mode and Slave Applications
Switching the operating mode.......................................................................................21
Selecting an MSRA slave application........................................................................... 21
└ New Channel.................................................................................................. 21
└ Replace Current Channel............................................................................... 21
Closing an application...................................................................................................22
Switching the operating mode
To switch the operating mode, select the corresponding tab (see Chapter 2.1, "Starting
the MSRA operating mode", on page 7).
Remote command:
INSTrument:MODE on page 78
Selecting an MSRA slave application
To start a new or replace an existing slave application, select the corresponding button
in the correct tab.
Remote command:
INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
New Channel ← Selecting an MSRA slave application
The slave application selected on this tab is started in a new channel, i.e. a new tab in
the display.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate[:NEW] on page 75
INSTrument[:SELect] on page 78
Replace Current Channel ← Selecting an MSRA slave application
The slave application selected on this tab is started in the currently displayed channel,
replacing the current slave application.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate:REPLace on page 76
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Applications and Operating Modes
Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode
Closing an application
To close an application, simply close the corresponding tab by selecting the "x" next to
the channel name.
Remote command:
INSTrument:DELete on page 76
5.3 Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode
When you switch to MSRA mode, the Sequencer is automatically activated in continuous mode. Unless it is stopped or you select a different Sequencer mode, the
R&S FPS will continuously perform a data acquisition (MSRA Master), then evaluate
the data in the active slave applications one after the other, then repeat the data acquisition and evaluate the new data etc. The tabs are updated after each measurement or
evaluation. This behaviour is identical to Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode (also for
Single Sequence or Channel-Defined Sequence modes).
However, if you switch the Sequencer off, the behaviour of the sweep functions is
slightly different to Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode (see also "Performing sweeps"
on page 25):
●
If continuous sweep is active (default) and you switch to a different slave application, continuous sweep is aborted. This is necessary in order to evaluate the same
data in different slave applications without overwriting the data in the capture buffer. Continuous sweep can be started again as usual.
●
Only the slave application that is currently displayed when a measurement is performed is updated automatically. A new "Refresh" function is available to update
the display in one or all other slave applications.
For details on the Sequencer function see the R&S FPS User Manual.
The "Sequencer" menu is available from the toolbar.
Sequencer State
Activates or deactivates the Sequencer. If activated, sequential operation according to
the selected Sequencer mode is started immediately.
Remote command:
SYSTem:SEQuencer on page 109
INITiate<n>:SEQuencer:IMMediate on page 107
INITiate<n>:SEQuencer:ABORt on page 107
Sequencer Mode
Defines how often which measurements are performed. The currently selected mode
softkey is highlighted blue. During an active Sequencer process, the selected mode
softkey is highlighted orange.
"Single Sequence"
Each measurement is performed once, until all measurements in all
active channels have been performed.
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Applications and Operating Modes
Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode
"Continuous Sequence"
The measurements in each active channel are performed one after
the other, repeatedly, in the same order, until sequential operation is
stopped.
This is the default Sequencer mode.
"Channel Defined Sequence"
First, a single sequence is performed. Then, only channels in continuous sweep mode are repeated.
Remote command:
INITiate<n>:SEQuencer:MODE on page 108
Refresh All
This function is only available if the Sequencer is deactivated, no sweep is currently
running, and only in MSRA mode.
The data in the capture buffer is re-evaluated by all active slave applications, for example after a new sweep was performed while the Sequencer was off.
Note: To update only the displays in the currently active slave application, use the
"Refresh" function in the "Sweep" menu for that slave application (see " Refresh
(MSRA only)" on page 51).
For details on the MSRA operating mode, see the R&S FPS MSRA User Manual.
Remote command:
INITiate<n>:SEQuencer:REFResh[:ALL] on page 108
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R&S®FPS MSRA
6 MSRA Basics
MSRA Basics
Configuration
Some background knowledge on basic terms and principles used in MSRA operating
mode is provided here for a better understanding of the required configuration settings.
6.1 Configuration
Master parameters
In MSRA mode, only the MSRA Master performs a data acquisition. Thus, all parameters that determine how the I/Q data is captured from the I/Q channel can only be configured in the MSRA Master tab. In all slave application tabs, these settings are deactivated (or have a different meaning).
Typical master parameters include:
●
Sample rate
●
Record length
●
Bandwidth
●
Center frequency
●
Reference level
●
Trigger settings
●
External reference
●
Impedance, preamplification, attenuation
Channel-specific parameters
Each slave application, however, can define all parameters concerning analysis individually.
Typical channel-specific parameters include:
●
Center frequency, duration and number of trace points for the slave application
data extract
●
Offset of the slave application data extract from the trigger event
●
Evaluation methods
●
Range and scaling
●
Trace mode
●
Marker positions
Conflicting parameters
Master and channel-specific parameters can be configured independantly of one
another, in any order that is convenient to you. However, there are dependencies
between the parameters, as the slave applications can only evaluate data that has
been captured by the MSRA Master previously. Thus, configuring parameters is not
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MSRA Basics
Data Acquisition
restricted, but you are informed about the violation of possible restrictions by error
messages in the status bar of the slave applications where necessary.
6.2 Data Acquisition
As mentioned before, only the MSRA Master performs a data acquisition. Thus, the
MSRA Master defines the center frequency, sample rate and record length of the captured I/Q data. It also defines the trigger event, thus all slave applications have the
same trigger. However, an offset from the trigger can be defined by the individual slave
applications (see "Trigger offset vs. capture offset" on page 27).
Performing sweeps
When you switch to MSRA mode, the Sequencer is automatically activated in continuous mode. The MSRA Master continuously performs a data acquisition. If any slave
applications are activated, then after each measurement, the data in the active slave
applications is evaluated one after the other. The MSRA Master will then repeat the
data acquisition and evaluate the new data etc. The channel displays are updated after
each measurement or evaluation.
Alternatively, you can perform measurements manually. You can start a single or continuous sweep from any slave application, which updates the data in the capture buffer
and the results in the current slave application. The results in the other slave applications, however, remain unchanged. You must refresh them manually, either individually
or all at once, using a "Refresh" function.
Note that in continuous sweep mode, sweeping is aborted when you switch to a different slave application. You can then continue sweeping from there. This is necessary
in order to evaluate the same data in different slave applications without overwriting the
data in the capture buffer.
In single sweep mode, only one sweep is performed; a sweep count is not available neither for the MSRA Master, nor for the slave applications. However, depending on
the slave application, a statistics count may be available for statistics based on a single
data acquisition. Trace averaging is performed as usual for sweep count = 0, the current trace is averaged with the previously stored averaged trace.
Data availability
The slave applications can only receive data that is available in the capture buffer. As
soon as data has been stored to the capture buffer successfully, a status bit (#9) in the
STAT:OPER register is set. If the required slave application data is not available, an
error message is displayed. Details on restrictions are described in Chapter 6.4,
"Restrictions for Slave Applications", on page 28.
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MSRA Basics
Multi-Standard Analysis
6.3 Multi-Standard Analysis
Slave application data
The slave applications receive data for analysis from the capture buffer, if necessary
resampled or with filters applied. The slave applications can define their own center
frequency, sample rate and record length for their slave application data, which is an
extract of the capture buffer data. The slave applications may not request more
sample points than the captured data contains, or samples from a frequency outside
the range of the capture buffer, for example.
Generally, if a signal contains data channels for multiple standards, the individual slave
applications are used to analyze the channel for the corresponding standard. Thus, it is
of interest to know which slave application, or more precisely: which data channel is
analyzing which part of the captured data and how each data channel is correlated (in
time) to others.
The MSRA Master display indicates the data covered by each slave application,
restricted to the channel bandwidth used by the corresponding standard, by vertical
blue lines labeled with the slave application name. For slave applications that support
several standards (e.g. VSA, LTE) an estimated or user-defined bandwidth is indicated.
Figure 6-1: MSRA Master indicating covered bandwidth for 4 slave applications
Analysis interval
Each slave application receives an extract of the data from the capture buffer. However, the individual evaluation methods of the slave application need not analyze the
complete data range. Some slave applications allow you to select a specific part of the
data for analysis, e.g. an individual frame, burst or pulse, or to use an offline trigger
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MSRA Basics
Multi-Standard Analysis
that defines an additional offset to the capture offset. The data range that is actually
analyzed is referred to as the analysis interval.
The analysis interval is indicated in the window title bar for each evaluation, and can be
queried via remote control.
For slave applications that do not allow you to restrict the evaluation range (e.g. I/Q
Analyzer, Analog Demodulation), the analysis interval is identical to the slave application data extract.
Trigger offset vs. capture offset
The beginning of the capture buffer is defined by the trigger event and the trigger offset. The trigger source is defined by the MSRA Master, which means that all channels
use the same trigger. However, each slave application might need a different trigger
offset or a different number of pretrigger samples. Instead of a trigger offset, the slave
applications define a capture offset. The capture offset is defined as an offset to the
beginning of the capture buffer.
Thus, the beginning of the slave application data extract is calculated as:
[time of trigger event] + [trigger offset] + [capture offset]
Note that while the trigger offset value may be negative, thus starting before the trigger
event, the capture offset may not. A negative capture offset would mean the slave
application data would start before the first sample of the capture buffer. The (pre-)trigger offset in the MSRA Master must be configured such that the required number of
pre-trigger samples for the slave applications are available.
Analysis line
A frequent question when analyzing multi-standard radio signals is how each data
channel is correlated (in time) to others. Thus, an analysis line has been introduced.
The analysis line is a common time marker for all MSRA slave applications. It can be
positioned in any MSRA slave application or the MSRA Master and is then adjusted in
all other slave applications. Thus, you can easily analyze the results at a specific time
in the measurement in all slave applications and determine correlations (e.g. crosstalk).
If the marked point in time is contained in the analysis interval of the slave application,
the line is indicated in all time-based result displays, such as time, symbol, slot or bit
diagrams. By default, the analysis line is displayed, however, it can be hidden from
view manually. In all result displays, the "AL" label in the window title bar indicates
whether or not the analysis line lies within the analysis interval or not:
●
orange "AL": the line lies within the interval
●
white "AL": the line lies within the interval, but is not displayed (hidden)
●
no "AL": the line lies outside the interval
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MSRA Basics
Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain
6.4 Restrictions for Slave Applications
As mentioned in various contexts before, the MSRA slave applications themselves are
identical to Signal and Spectrum operating mode, however, the correlation between
slave applications and the MSRA Master require some restrictions. Principally, you are
not restricted in setting parameters. However, if any contradictions occur between the
configured capture settings and the analysis settings, error messages are displayed in
the status bar of the slave application and an icon (
) is displayed next to the channel
label. However, it does not matter in which order you configure the settings - you will
not be prevented from doing so.
In particular, the following restrictions apply to slave applications in MSRA mode:
●
Data acquisition: parameters related to data acquisition can only be configured by
the MSRA Master
●
Slave application data: only data contained in the capture buffer can be analyzed
by the slave application; this implies the following restrictions:
– Center frequency: must lie within the captured data bandwidth
– Measurement time/Record length: must be smaller than or equal to the val-
ues of the MSRA Master
– Capture offset: must be smaller than the record length of the MSRA Master
– Trace averaging: only for sweep count = 0
●
AUTO SET functions: in slave applications, only the frequency can be adjusted
automatically; all other adjustment functions require a new data acquisition
General restrictions concerning sample rates and maximum usable I/Q bandwidths for
I/Q data also apply in MSRA mode; see the R&S FPS I/Q Analyzer User Manual for
details.
6.5 Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain
The I/Q Analyzer slave application (not Master) in multistandard mode can also perform measurements on the captured I/Q data in the time and frequency domain. In
order to do so, the I/Q Analyzer performs an FFT sweep on the captured I/Q data, providing power vs frequency results, or uses the RBW filter to obtain power vs time (zero
span) results. This data is then used for the common frequency or time domain measurements provided by the R&S FPS Spectrum application, such as ACLR, SEM or
CCDF.
Configuration
Apart from the data capturing process, the measurements are identical in the Spectrum
and I/Q Analyzer slave applications. They are configured using the same settings and
provide the same results. The "Magnitude" result display in the I/Q Analyzer, for
instance, will principally show the same results as the zero span measurement for the
same data. However, while the "Magnitude" evaluation is configured by the I/Q analy-
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MSRA Basics
Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain
sis bandwidth and the measurement time, the zero span measurement is configured by
the center frequency, RBW and sweep time settings. Internally, these "time domain"
settings are converted to the required I/Q settings by the I/Q Analyzer.
The time and frequency domain measurements and the required settings are described in detail in the R&S FPS User Manual.
Limitations
However, since the data in the I/Q Analyzer slave application is captured by the Master, independently of the specific time or frequency measurement requirements concerning the RBW, filter type and number of sweep points in the slave application, some
restrictions may apply to these measurements in the I/Q Analyzer. If not enough samples are available in the captured and converted I/Q data, for example, an error message is displayed in the slave application.
The maximum resolution bandwidth (RBW) is 1 MHz.
Furthermore, the following functions are not available for time and frequency domain
measurements in multistandard mode:
●
Marker demodulation
●
Frequency counter marker
●
Gated measurement
●
Video trigger
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R&S®FPS MSRA
7 Configuration
Configuration
Access: MODE > "Multi Standard Radio Analyzer" tab
MSRA is a special operating mode on the R&S FPS.
When you switch the operating mode of a measurement channel to MSRA mode the
first time, the Sequencer is automatically activated in continuous mode (see Chap-
ter 5.3, "Using the Sequencer in MSRA Mode", on page 22), starting an I/Q Analyzer
data acquisition with the default settings (but with a "Spectrum" result display). The "I/Q
Analyzer" menu is displayed, providing access to the most important configuration
functions.
Configuring the MSRA Master
The MSRA Master is the only channel that captures data. It also controls global configuration settings for all slave applications. Thus, all settings that refer to data acquisition
can only be configured in the MSRA Master tab. These settings are deactivated in the
configuration overviews and dialog boxes for all slave application channels. All other
settings, e.g. concerning the evaluated data range, the display configuration or analysis, can be configured individually for each slave application and the Master.
Restrictions
Note that although some restrictions apply to parameters that affect both the MSRA
Master and slave applications (see Chapter 6.4, "Restrictions for Slave Applications",
on page 28), it does not matter in which order you configure them. If any contradictions
occur between the captured data and the data to be evaluated, error messages are
displayed in the status bar of the slave application and an icon (
next to the channel label. However, you will not be prevented from configuring contradictory settings.
Importing and Exporting I/Q Data
Note that, as opposed to the Signal and Spectrum Analyzer mode, the I/Q data to be
evaluated in MSRA mode cannot be imported to the R&S FPS. However, the captured
I/Q data from the MSRA Master can be exported for further analysis in external applications.
For details on exporting I/Q data see the R&S FPS I/Q Analyzer User Manual.
Configuring an I/Q Analyzer as an MSRA slave application
Access: MODE > "Multi Standard Radio Analyzer" tab > "Select Meas"
In principle, the I/Q Analyzer in MSRA mode is configured as in Signal and Spectrum
Analyzer mode.
or ) is displayed
However, the I/Q Analyzer slave application (not Master) in MSRA mode can also perform measurements on the captured I/Q data in the time and frequency domain (see
also Chapter 6.5, "Measurements in the Time and Frequency Domain", on page 28).
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