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R&S®ESW
EMI Test Receiver
User Manual
(;ÛÌð2)
1177629802
User Manual
Version 08
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This manual describes the following R&S®ESW models:
●
R&S®ESW8 (1328.4100.08)
●
R&S®ESW26 (1328.4100.26)
●
R&S®ESW44 (1328.4100.44)
The contents of this manual correspond to firmware version 1.61 and higher.
© 2019 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
Email: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1177.6298.02 | Version 08 | R&S®ESW
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g. R&S®ESW is indicated as
R&S ESW.
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Contents
Contents
1 Preface.................................................................................................. 15
1.1 About This Manual...................................................................................................... 15
1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation.................................................................16
1.2.1 Typographical Conventions...........................................................................................16
1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions.......................................................................16
1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots...................................................................................................16
2 Safety Information................................................................................18
3 Documentation Overview....................................................................19
3.1 Getting Started Manual...............................................................................................19
3.2 User Manuals and Help...............................................................................................19
3.3 Service Manual............................................................................................................ 19
3.4 Instrument Security Procedures................................................................................20
3.5 Basic Safety Instructions........................................................................................... 20
3.6 Data Sheets and Brochures....................................................................................... 20
3.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA).....................................20
3.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.......................................20
4 Preparing for Use.................................................................................21
4.1 Putting into Operation................................................................................................ 21
4.1.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument...................................................................... 22
4.1.2 Accessory List............................................................................................................... 23
4.1.3 Placing or Mounting the Instrument.............................................................................. 23
4.1.4 Connecting the AC Power.............................................................................................25
4.1.5 Switching the Instrument On and Off............................................................................ 25
4.1.6 Performing a Self-Alignment and a Selftest.................................................................. 26
4.1.7 Checking the Supplied Options.....................................................................................27
4.2 Windows Operating System.......................................................................................27
4.2.1 Virus Protection.............................................................................................................28
4.2.2 Service Packs and Updates.......................................................................................... 28
4.2.3 Login............................................................................................................................. 28
4.2.4 Accessing the Start Menu............................................................................................. 31
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Contents
4.2.5 Accessing the Windows Taskbar...................................................................................31
4.3 Connecting USB Devices........................................................................................... 31
4.4 Connecting an External Monitor................................................................................33
4.5 Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection...................................................................34
4.5.1 Connecting the Instrument to the Network....................................................................35
4.5.2 Assigning the IP Address.............................................................................................. 36
4.5.3 Using Computer Names................................................................................................38
4.5.4 Changing the Windows Firewall Settings......................................................................39
4.6 Setting the Date and Time.......................................................................................... 39
4.7 Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode..........................................................40
5 Instrument Tour....................................................................................43
5.1 The Front Panel........................................................................................................... 43
5.1.1 Display (Touchscreen)...................................................................................................44
5.1.2 Power Key.....................................................................................................................46
5.1.3 System Control Keys.....................................................................................................46
5.1.4 USB Ports..................................................................................................................... 46
5.1.5 Probe Power Connector (3 and 5 Pins)........................................................................ 47
5.1.6 Headphone Jack and Volume Control...........................................................................47
5.1.7 Fast Access Knobs....................................................................................................... 47
5.1.8 RF Inputs (50 Ω)............................................................................................................48
5.1.9 Trigger Input and Output............................................................................................... 48
5.1.10 Navigation Control.........................................................................................................48
5.1.11 The Keypad...................................................................................................................50
5.1.12 The Function Keys........................................................................................................ 51
5.2 The Rear Panel............................................................................................................ 52
5.2.1 Removable Hard Disk................................................................................................... 53
5.2.2 AC Power Connector and Main Power Switch..............................................................53
5.2.3 DisplayPort and DVI......................................................................................................54
5.2.4 LAN Connector..............................................................................................................54
5.2.5 USB Ports..................................................................................................................... 54
5.2.6 IF / Video / Demod Output.............................................................................................54
5.2.7 Sync Trigger Input and Output...................................................................................... 54
5.2.8 AUX Port....................................................................................................................... 55
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5.2.10 External Generator Control (Optional).......................................................................... 55
5.2.11 OCXO (Optional)...........................................................................................................56
5.2.12 REF INPUT / REF OUTPUT......................................................................................... 56
Contents
5.2.9 GPIB Interface...............................................................................................................55
6 Operating the Instrument.................................................................... 57
6.1 Understanding the Display Information....................................................................57
6.1.1 Channel Bar.................................................................................................................. 58
6.1.2 Window Title Bar........................................................................................................... 60
6.1.3 Marker Information........................................................................................................ 61
6.1.4 Frequency and Span Information in Diagram Footer.................................................... 62
6.1.5 Instrument and Status Information................................................................................ 62
6.1.6 Error Information........................................................................................................... 63
6.2 Accessing Functions.................................................................................................. 65
6.2.1 Toolbar.......................................................................................................................... 66
6.2.2 Softkeys........................................................................................................................ 67
6.2.3 Context Menus.............................................................................................................. 68
6.2.4 On-screen Keyboard..................................................................................................... 68
6.3 Changing the Focus....................................................................................................69
6.4 Entering Data...............................................................................................................69
6.4.1 Entering Numeric Parameters.......................................................................................70
6.4.2 Entering Alphanumeric Parameters.............................................................................. 70
6.5 Displaying Results...................................................................................................... 72
6.5.1 Activating and Deactivating Channels...........................................................................72
6.5.2 Laying out the Result Display with the SmartGrid.........................................................74
6.5.3 Changing the Size of Windows..................................................................................... 78
6.5.4 Switching Between a Split and Maximized Window Display......................................... 79
6.5.5 Changing the Display.................................................................................................... 79
6.6 Getting Help.................................................................................................................79
6.6.1 Calling Up Help............................................................................................................. 80
6.6.2 Using the Help Window.................................................................................................80
6.7 Remote Control........................................................................................................... 81
6.7.1 Using the LXI Browser Interface in a LAN.....................................................................82
6.7.2 Remote Desktop Connection........................................................................................ 82
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6.7.3 Connecting a PC via the GPIB Interface.......................................................................83
7 Collecting Information for Support.................................................... 84
8 Applications..........................................................................................86
8.1 R&S MultiView............................................................................................................. 86
8.2 Available Applications................................................................................................87
8.3 Starting an Application...............................................................................................89
8.4 Running a Sequence of Measurements.................................................................... 90
8.4.1 The Sequencer Concept............................................................................................... 90
8.4.2 Sequencer Settings.......................................................................................................93
8.4.3 How to Set Up the Sequencer.......................................................................................93
9 Measurements and Result Displays...................................................95
9.1 Performing Measurements.........................................................................................95
9.2 Bargraph Configuration..............................................................................................97
9.3 Test Automation........................................................................................................ 102
9.3.1 Background Information.............................................................................................. 102
9.3.2 Selecting a Test Sequence.......................................................................................... 111
9.3.3 Performing a Scan.......................................................................................................114
9.3.4 Performing a Peak Search.......................................................................................... 122
9.3.5 Performing Final Measurements................................................................................. 130
9.3.6 Configuring Line Impedance Stabilization Networks (LISN)....................................... 135
9.4 CISPR APD Measurements...................................................................................... 137
10 Common Measurement Settings...................................................... 140
10.1 Using the Fast Access Knobs..................................................................................140
10.2 Using the Fast Access Panel................................................................................... 142
10.3 Using the User Port Panel........................................................................................ 144
10.4 The Notes Display..................................................................................................... 145
10.5 Configuration Overview............................................................................................146
10.6 Data Input and Output.............................................................................................. 148
10.6.1 Configuring the Input...................................................................................................148
10.6.2 Configuring the Preselector.........................................................................................149
10.6.3 External Generator......................................................................................................151
10.6.4 Configuring Outputs (IF / Video / Demodulation)........................................................ 163
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10.6.5 Configuring LISNs....................................................................................................... 167
10.6.6 Configuring Additional Outputs................................................................................... 167
10.7.1 Increasing Measurement Sensitivity (or Avoiding an Input Mixer Overload)...............169
10.7.2 Amplitude Settings...................................................................................................... 173
10.7.3 Diagram Scale.............................................................................................................175
10.7.4 Preselector.................................................................................................................. 175
10.8.1 Impact of the Frequency and Span Settings............................................................... 175
10.8.2 Frequency and Span Settings.....................................................................................178
10.9.1 Impact of Bandwidth and Filter Settings......................................................................182
10.9.2 Bandwidth and Filter Settings..................................................................................... 182
Contents
10.7 Amplitude and Vertical Axis Configuration............................................................ 169
10.8 Frequency and Span Configuration........................................................................ 175
10.9 Bandwidth and Filter Configuration........................................................................ 182
10.10 Trigger Configuration............................................................................................... 183
10.10.1 Basics on Triggered Measurements............................................................................183
10.10.2 Triggering Measurements........................................................................................... 186
11 Common Analysis and Display Functions...................................... 190
11.1 Result Display Configuration...................................................................................190
11.1.1 Basic Evaluation Methods...........................................................................................190
11.1.2 Laying out the Result Display with the SmartGrid.......................................................191
11.2 Zoomed Displays...................................................................................................... 195
11.2.1 Zoom Functions.......................................................................................................... 196
11.2.2 How to Zoom into the Diagram in Receiver Mode...................................................... 196
11.3 Trace Configuration.................................................................................................. 197
11.3.1 Basics on Traces.........................................................................................................198
11.3.2 Trace Configuration.....................................................................................................211
11.3.3 Trace Export................................................................................................................211
11.3.4 Copying Traces........................................................................................................... 213
11.3.5 Trace Mathematics......................................................................................................213
11.3.6 Spectrogram Settings..................................................................................................215
11.3.7 How to Configure Traces.............................................................................................219
11.3.8 References..................................................................................................................224
11.4 Marker Usage.............................................................................................................226
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11.4.1 Basics on Markers.......................................................................................................226
11.4.2 Marker Settings........................................................................................................... 230
11.4.3 Marker Search Settings and Positioning Functions.................................................... 234
11.5.1 Display Lines...............................................................................................................239
11.5.2 Limit Lines................................................................................................................... 241
12.3.1 Quick Save/Quick Recall.............................................................................................261
12.3.2 Configurable Storage and Recall................................................................................ 263
Contents
11.5 Display and Limit Lines............................................................................................239
12 Data Management.............................................................................. 257
12.1 Restoring the Default Instrument Configuration (Preset)..................................... 257
12.2 Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode........................................................258
12.3 Storing and Recalling Instrument Settings and Measurement Data.................... 260
12.3.3 How to Save and Load Instrument Settings................................................................268
12.4 Import/Export Functions.......................................................................................... 270
12.5 I/Q Data Import and Export.......................................................................................271
12.5.1 Import/Export Functions.............................................................................................. 272
12.5.2 I/Q Data File Format (iq-tar)........................................................................................ 274
12.6 Creating Screenshots of Current Measurement Results and Settings................279
12.6.1 Print and Screenshot Settings.....................................................................................279
12.6.2 How to Store or Print Screenshots of the Display....................................................... 287
12.6.3 Example for Storing Multiple Measurement Results to a PDF File............................. 290
12.7 The Notes Display..................................................................................................... 292
12.8 Working with Test Reports....................................................................................... 293
12.8.1 Designing a Test Report Template.............................................................................. 293
12.8.2 Creating a Test Report................................................................................................ 298
13 General Instrument Setup................................................................. 300
13.1 Alignment...................................................................................................................300
13.1.1 Basics on Alignment....................................................................................................300
13.1.2 Alignment Settings...................................................................................................... 302
13.1.3 How to Perform a Self-Test......................................................................................... 304
13.1.4 How to Align the Instrument........................................................................................ 304
13.1.5 How to Align the Touchscreen.....................................................................................305
13.2 Display Settings........................................................................................................ 305
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13.2.1 Display Settings.......................................................................................................... 305
13.2.2 How to Configure the Colors for Display and Printing.................................................314
13.2.3 How to Work with the Soft Front Panels......................................................................315
13.3.1 Transducer.................................................................................................................. 316
13.3.2 Working with Transducers...........................................................................................318
13.3.3 Reference: Transducer Factor File Format................................................................. 327
13.3.4 How to Configure the Transducer............................................................................... 327
13.5.1 Hardware Information..................................................................................................334
13.5.2 Information on Versions and Options..........................................................................335
13.5.3 System Messages.......................................................................................................336
Contents
13.3 Transducers...............................................................................................................316
13.4 Reference Frequency Settings................................................................................ 331
13.5 System Configuration Settings................................................................................334
13.5.4 Firmware Updates.......................................................................................................337
13.5.5 General Configuration Settings................................................................................... 338
13.6 Service Functions..................................................................................................... 341
13.6.1 R&S Support Information............................................................................................ 341
13.6.2 Self-test Settings and Results..................................................................................... 342
13.6.3 Calibration Signal Display........................................................................................... 343
13.6.4 Service Functions........................................................................................................344
13.6.5 Hardware Diagnostics................................................................................................. 346
13.7 Synchronizing Measurement Channel Configuration........................................... 347
13.7.1 General Parameter Coupling...................................................................................... 348
13.7.2 Using the Custom Coupling Manager......................................................................... 350
13.7.3 Example for a User-Defined Parameter Coupling.......................................................353
14 Network and Remote Operation....................................................... 356
14.1 Remote Control Basics.............................................................................................356
14.1.1 Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols................................................................... 356
14.1.2 SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments).....................................365
14.1.3 VISA Libraries............................................................................................................. 365
14.1.4 Messages....................................................................................................................366
14.1.5 SCPI Command Structure...........................................................................................367
14.1.6 Command Sequence and Synchronization.................................................................375
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14.1.7 Status Reporting System............................................................................................ 377
14.1.8 General Programming Recommendations..................................................................394
14.4.1 General Network Settings........................................................................................... 398
14.4.2 GPIB Settings..............................................................................................................400
14.4.3 Compatibility Settings..................................................................................................403
14.4.4 LXI Settings.................................................................................................................405
14.4.5 Remote Errors.............................................................................................................407
14.4.6 Returning to Manual Mode ("Local")........................................................................... 408
14.5.1 How to Configure a Network....................................................................................... 410
Contents
14.2 GPIB Languages....................................................................................................... 395
14.3 The IECWIN Tool........................................................................................................397
14.4 Network and Remote Control Settings................................................................... 398
14.5 How to Set Up a Network and Remote Control...................................................... 409
14.5.2 How to Operate the Instrument Without a Network.....................................................416
14.5.3 How to Log on to the Network.....................................................................................416
14.5.4 How to Share Directories (only with Microsoft Networks)........................................... 418
14.5.5 How to Control the R&S ESW via the Web Browser Interface....................................419
14.5.6 How to Deactivate the Web Browser Interface............................................................420
14.5.7 How to Set Up Remote Desktop................................................................................. 421
14.5.8 How to Start a Remote Control Session from a PC.................................................... 427
14.5.9 How to Return to Manual Operation............................................................................428
15 Remote Commands in the Receiver Application............................ 429
15.1 Conventions Used in SCPI Command Descriptions..............................................429
15.2 Common Suffixes......................................................................................................430
15.3 Common Commands................................................................................................ 430
15.4 Application Selection................................................................................................435
15.5 Measurements and Result Displays........................................................................439
15.5.1 Measurement Control..................................................................................................439
15.5.2 Measurement Sequences........................................................................................... 443
15.5.3 Result Retrieval...........................................................................................................445
15.5.4 Bargraph Configuration............................................................................................... 450
15.5.5 Scan Configuration......................................................................................................453
15.5.6 Scan Table Configuration............................................................................................454
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15.5.7 Peak Search................................................................................................................462
15.5.8 Peak List..................................................................................................................... 467
15.5.9 Final Measurement (and Trace) Configuration............................................................472
15.5.10 Final Results............................................................................................................... 475
15.5.11 LISN Configuration......................................................................................................479
15.5.12 CISPR APD Measurement Configuration................................................................... 482
15.5.13 Programming Example: Performing a Sequence of Measurements........................... 482
15.6.1 Input Configuration......................................................................................................484
15.6.2 Output Configuration................................................................................................... 495
15.6.3 Frequency Configuration.............................................................................................503
15.6.4 Amplitude Configuration..............................................................................................506
15.6.5 Diagram Scale.............................................................................................................510
Contents
15.6 Configuration.............................................................................................................484
15.6.6 Bandwidth and Filter Configuration............................................................................. 511
15.6.7 Trigger Configuration...................................................................................................513
15.7 Analysis..................................................................................................................... 517
15.7.1 Result Display Configuration.......................................................................................517
15.7.2 Zoomed Displays........................................................................................................ 526
15.7.3 Trace Configuration.....................................................................................................528
15.7.4 Markers....................................................................................................................... 537
15.7.5 Display and Limit Line Configuration...........................................................................560
15.8 Data Management..................................................................................................... 579
15.8.1 File Management........................................................................................................ 580
15.8.2 Items to Store..............................................................................................................586
15.8.3 Instrument Setting Management................................................................................. 589
15.8.4 Screenshots and Printouts.......................................................................................... 593
15.8.5 Notes Display.............................................................................................................. 604
15.8.6 Test Reports................................................................................................................605
15.8.7 Measurement Result Export........................................................................................617
15.8.8 Examples: Managing Data.......................................................................................... 618
15.9 General Instrument Setup........................................................................................ 620
15.9.1 Basic Instrument Setup............................................................................................... 621
15.9.2 Reference Frequency Configuration........................................................................... 622
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15.9.3 Calibration and Temperature Check............................................................................625
15.9.4 Transducers................................................................................................................ 629
15.9.5 Display Layout and Elements......................................................................................641
15.9.6 Measurement Channel Synchronization..................................................................... 648
15.9.7 Network and Remote Control Configuration............................................................... 660
15.9.8 System Configuration Check.......................................................................................667
15.9.9 Service Functions........................................................................................................673
15.10.1 General Status Register Commands.......................................................................... 675
15.10.2 Reading Out the CONDition Part................................................................................ 676
15.10.3 Reading Out the EVENt Part.......................................................................................676
15.10.4 Controlling the ENABle Part........................................................................................677
15.10.5 Controlling the Negative Transition Part......................................................................678
Contents
15.10 Using the Status Register........................................................................................ 675
15.10.6 Controlling the Positive Transition Part....................................................................... 678
15.11 Service Request........................................................................................................ 679
15.11.1 Initiate Service Request.............................................................................................. 679
15.11.2 Waiting for the Arrival of a Service Request................................................................681
15.11.3 Waiting Without Blocking the Keyboard and Mouse................................................... 683
15.11.4 Service Request Routine............................................................................................ 683
15.11.5 Reading Out the Output Buffer....................................................................................684
15.11.6 Reading Error Messages............................................................................................ 685
15.11.7 Evaluation of SCPI Status Registers...........................................................................685
15.11.8 Evaluation of Event Status Register............................................................................686
15.12 Reference: GPIB Commands of Emulated HP Models.......................................... 687
15.12.1 Command Set of Models 8560E, 8561E, 8562E, 8563E, 8564E, 8565E, 8566A/B,
8568A/B, 8591E, 8594E, 71100C, 71200C, and 71209A........................................... 688
15.12.2 Special Features of the Syntax Parsing Algorithms for 8566A and 8568A Models.....711
15.12.3 Special Behavior of Commands..................................................................................712
15.12.4 Model-Dependent Default Settings............................................................................. 713
15.12.5 Data Output Formats...................................................................................................714
15.12.6 Trace Data Output Formats.........................................................................................714
15.12.7 Trace Data Input Formats........................................................................................... 714
15.12.8 GPIB Status Reporting................................................................................................714
15.13 Reference: Command Set of Emulated PSA Models............................................. 715
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Contents
15.14 Reference: Command Set of Emulated PXA Models............................................. 719
16 Maintenance....................................................................................... 722
16.1 Cleaning..................................................................................................................... 722
17 Troubleshooting................................................................................. 724
17.1 Error Information.......................................................................................................724
17.2 Error Messages in Remote Control Mode...............................................................726
17.3 Troubleshooting Remote Operation........................................................................727
17.4 Miscellaneous Troubleshooting Hints.................................................................... 728
17.5 System Recovery...................................................................................................... 729
17.6 Collecting Information for Support..........................................................................730
17.7 Contacting Customer Support.................................................................................732
List of Commands..............................................................................733
Index....................................................................................................747
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Contents
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1 Preface
1.1 About This Manual
This user manual describes general instrument functions and settings common to all
applications and operating modes in the R&S ESW. Furthermore, it provides all the
information specific to EMI measurements in the receiver application.
All other operating modes and applications are described in the specific application
manuals.
The main focus in this manual is on the measurement results and the tasks required to
obtain them. The following topics are included:
●
Welcome to the R&S ESW
Introduction to and getting familiar with the instrument
●
Operating modes and applications
The concept of using multiple operating modes
●
Measurements
Descriptions of the individual measurements in the receiver application, including
result types and configuration settings.
●
Common measurement settings
Description of the measurement settings common to all measurement types with
their corresponding remote control commands
●
Common measurement analysis and display functions
Description of the settings and functions provided to analyze results independently
of the measurement type with their corresponding remote control commands
●
Data management
Description of general functions to handle data files (configuration and result data,
not I/Q data)
●
General instrument setup
Description of general instrument settings and functions that are independent of
the current operating mode
●
Network and remote operation
Information on setting up the instrument in a network and operating it remotely.
●
Remote commands
Remote commands required to configure and run measurements in a remote environment, sorted by tasks
Remote commands required to set up the environment and to perform common
tasks on the instrument, sorted by tasks
Programming examples demonstrate the use of many commands and can usually
be executed directly for test purposes
●
Maintenance
Information on tasks required to maintain operability of the instrument
●
Troubleshooting
Hints and tips on how to handle errors
Preface
About This Manual
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1.2.1 Typographical Conventions
Conventions Used in the Documentation
●
List of commands
Alphabetical list of all remote commands described in the manual
●
Index
1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
Convention Description
Preface
"Graphical user interface elements"
[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.
Filenames, commands,
program code
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
Filenames, commands, coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font.
tion marks.
1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions
When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to perform the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is described.
Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked using an additionally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys on the instrument or
the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from the standard operating procedures.
The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on the
touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on a keyboard.
1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as many as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.
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Preface
Conventions Used in the Documentation
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your particular product configuration.
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Safety Information
2 Safety Information
The product documentation helps you use the R&S ESW safely and efficiently. Follow
the instructions provided here and in the printed "Basic Safety Instructions". Keep the
product documentation nearby and offer it to other users.
Intended use
The R&S ESW is intended for the development, production and verification of electronic components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environments. Use the R&S ESW only for its designated purpose. Observe the operating conditions and performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you about the potential dangers and gives instructions how to prevent personal injuries or damage caused
by dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●
The printed "Basic Safety Instructions" provide safety information in many languages and are delivered with the R&S ESW.
●
Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation.
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Documentation Overview
Service Manual
3 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S ESW user documentation. You find it on
the product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/esw
3.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S ESW and describes how to set up and start working with the product. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general information, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for download on the Internet.
3.2 User Manuals and Help
Separate user manuals are provided for the base unit and the firmware applications:
●
Base unit manual
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
●
Manuals for (optional) firmware applications
Contains the description of the specific functions of a firmware application, including remote control commands. Basic information on operating the R&S ESW is not
included.
The contents of the user manuals are available as help in the R&S ESW. The help
offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the base unit and
the firmware applications.
All user manuals are also available for download or for immediate display on the Internet.
3.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replacement and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for download for registered users on the global
Rohde & Schwarz information system (GLORIS):
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Documentation Overview
Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com
3.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ESW in secure areas. It is available for download on the Internet.
3.5 Basic Safety Instructions
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
3.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ESW. It also lists the
options and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/esw
3.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/esw
3.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/esw
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Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
4 Preparing for Use
● Putting into Operation............................................................................................. 21
● Windows Operating System....................................................................................27
● Connecting USB Devices........................................................................................31
● Connecting an External Monitor..............................................................................33
● Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection.................................................................34
● Setting the Date and Time...................................................................................... 39
● Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode........................................................ 40
4.1 Putting into Operation
This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S ESW for
the first time.
Risk of injury due to disregarding safety information
Observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet
to prevent personal injury or damage to the instrument. Read and observe the basic
safety instructions provided with the instrument, in addition to the safety instructions in
the following sections. In particular:
●
Do not open the instrument casing.
Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions
Specific operating conditions are required to ensure accurate measurements and to
avoid damage to the instrument. Observe the information on appropriate operating
conditions provided in the basic safety instructions and the instrument's data sheet.
Instrument damage caused by electrostatic discharge
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage the electronic components of the instrument
and the device under test (DUT). Electrostatic discharge is most likely to occur when
you connect or disconnect a DUT or test fixture to the instrument's test ports. To prevent electrostatic discharge, use a wrist strap and cord and connect yourself to the
ground, or use a conductive floor mat and heel strap combination.
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Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions
An unsuitable operating site or test setup can damage the instrument and connected
devices. Before switching on the instrument, observe the information on appropriate
operating conditions provided in the data sheet. In particular, ensure the following:
●
All fan openings are unobstructed and the airflow perforations are unimpeded. A
minimum distance of 10 cm to other objects is recommended.
●
The instrument is dry and shows no sign of condensation.
●
The instrument is positioned as described in the following sections.
●
The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the data sheet.
●
Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.
●
Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.
EMI impact on measurement results
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.
To suppress generated electromagnetic interference (EMI):
●
Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example, use double-shielded RF
and LAN cables.
●
Always terminate open cable ends.
●
Note the EMC classification in the data sheet.
● Unpacking and Checking the Instrument................................................................ 22
● Accessory List.........................................................................................................23
● Placing or Mounting the Instrument........................................................................ 23
● Connecting the AC Power.......................................................................................25
● Switching the Instrument On and Off...................................................................... 25
● Performing a Self-Alignment and a Selftest............................................................ 26
● Checking the Supplied Options...............................................................................27
4.1.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument
Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists
for the various items. Check the instrument for any damage. If there is damage, immediately contact the carrier who delivered the instrument. Make sure not to discard the
box and packing material.
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4.1.2 Accessory List
Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of injury during transportation
The carrying handles at the front and side of the casing are designed to lift or carry the
instrument. Do not apply excessive force to the handles. If a handle is ripped off, the
falling instrument can cause injury.
Be aware of the weight of the instrument when lifting it. Observe the information on
transporting heavy instruments in the basic safety instructions provided with the instrument.
Packing material
Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or shipped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.
The instrument comes with the following accessories:
●
Power cable
●
Printed Getting Started manual
4.1.3 Placing or Mounting the Instrument
The R&S ESW is designed for use under laboratory conditions, either on a bench top
or in a rack.
Bench Top Operation
If the R&S ESW is operated on a bench top, the surface should be flat. The instrument
can be used in horizontal position, standing on its feet, or with the support feet on the
bottom extended.
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Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Risk of injury when stacking instruments
A stack of instruments can tilt over and cause injury if not stacked correctly. Furthermore, the instruments at the bottom of the stack can be damaged due to the load
imposed by the instruments on top.
Observe the following instructions when stacking instruments:
●
Never stack more than three instruments. If you need to stack more than three
instruments, install them in a rack.
●
The overall load imposed on the lowest instrument must not exceed 500 N.
●
It is best if all instruments have the same dimensions (width and length).
If you need to stack smaller instruments on the top, the overall load imposed on the
lowest instrument must not exceed 250 N.
●
If the instruments have foldable feet, fold them in completely.
Risk of injury if feet are folded out
The feet can fold in if they are not folded out completely or if the instrument is shifted.
Collapsing feet can cause injury or damage the instrument.
●
Fold the feet completely in or out to ensure stability of the instrument. Never shift
the instrument when the feet are folded out.
●
When the feet are folded out, do not work under the instrument or place anything
underneath.
●
The feet can break if they are overloaded. The overall load on the folded-out feet
must not exceed 500 N.
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4.1.4 Connecting the AC Power
Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
Rackmounting
The R&S ESW can be installed in a rack using a rack adapter kit (order no. see data
sheet). The installation instructions are part of the adapter kit.
Risk of instrument damage due to insufficient airflow in a rack
If you mount several instruments in a rack, you need an efficient ventilation concept to
ensure that the instruments do not overheat. Insufficient airflow for a longer period can
disturb the operation and even cause damage.
In the standard version, the R&S ESW is equipped with an AC power supply connector. The R&S ESW can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself
automatically to it. Refer to the datasheet for the requirements of voltage and frequency. The AC power connector is located on the rear panel of the instrument.
For details on the connector refer to Chapter 5.2.2, "AC Power Connector and Main
Power Switch", on page 53.
► Connect the R&S ESW to the AC power supply using the supplied power cable.
Since the instrument is assembled in line with the specifications for safety class
EN61010, it may only be connected to an outlet that has a ground contact.
4.1.5 Switching the Instrument On and Off
Switching the instrument on
► Press the AC power switch on the rear panel to position "I".
The instrument is supplied with AC power. After booting, the instrument is ready for
operation. A green LED above the [POWER] key indicates this.
An orange LED indicates the instrument is in standby mode
Warm-up time for OCXO
When the instrument is switched on, the OCXO requires an extended warm-up time
(see data sheet).
Switching the instrument off
1. Press the [POWER] key on the front panel.
The R&S ESW switches to standby mode.
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4.1.6 Performing a Self-Alignment and a Selftest
Preparing for Use
Putting into Operation
2. Set the AC power switch on the rear panel to position "O", or disconnect the instru-
ment from the AC power supply.
The R&S ESW changes into off mode.
Risk of losing data
If you switch off the running instrument using the rear panel switch or by disconnecting
the power cord, the instrument loses its current settings. Furthermore, program data
can be lost.
Press the Power key first to shut down the application properly.
During instrument start, the installed hardware is checked against the current firmware
version to ensure the hardware is supported. If not, an error message is displayed
("WRONG_FW") and you are asked to update the firmware. Until the firmware version
is updated, self-alignment fails.
(For details refer to the R&S ESW User Manual).
Furthermore, it may be necessary to align the data to a reference source by performing
a self-alignment when strong temperature changes occur.
Operating temperature
Before performing this functional test, make sure that the instrument has reached its
operating temperature (for details, refer to the data sheet).
A message in the status bar ("Instrument warming up...") indicates that the operating
temperature has not yet been reached.
Performing a self-alignment
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Press the "Alignment" softkey.
3. Select the "Start Self-Alignment" button in the "Alignment" dialog box.
Once the system correction values have been calculated successfully, a message
is displayed.
To display the alignment results again later
●
Press the [SETUP] key.
●
Press the "Alignment" softkey.
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4.1.7 Checking the Supplied Options
Preparing for Use
Windows Operating System
Performing a selftest
The selftest does not need to be repeated every time the instrument is switched on. It
is only necessary when instrument malfunction is suspected.
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Press the "Service" softkey.
3. Switch to the "Selftest" tab in the "Service" dialog box.
4. Select the "Start Selftest" button.
Once the instrument modules have been checked successfully, a message is displayed.
The instrument may be equipped with both hardware and firmware options. In order to
check whether the installed options correspond to the options indicated on the delivery
note, proceed as follows.
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Press the "System Config" softkey.
3. Switch to the "Versions + Options" tab in the "System Configuration" dialog box.
A list with hardware and firmware information is displayed.
4. Check the availability of the hardware options as indicated in the delivery note.
4.2 Windows Operating System
The instrument contains the Microsoft Windows operating system which has been configured according to the instrument's features and needs. Changes in the system setup
are only required when peripherals like keyboard or a printer are installed or if the network configuration does not comply with the default settings. After the R&S ESW is
started, the operating system boots and the instrument firmware is started automatically.
To ensure that the instrument software functions properly, certain rules must be
adhered to concerning the operating system.
Tested software
The drivers and programs used on the instrument under Microsoft Windows are adapted to the instrument. Only install update software released by Rohde & Schwarz to
modify existing instrument software.
You can install additional software on the instrument, however, additional software can
impair instrument function. Thus, run only programs that Rohde & Schwarz has tested
for compatibility with the instrument software.
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4.2.1 Virus Protection
Preparing for Use
Windows Operating System
The following program packages have been tested:
●
Symantec Endpoint Security – virus-protection software
●
FileShredder - for reliable deletion of files on the hard disk
Take appropriate steps to protect your instruments from infection. Use strong firewall
settings and scan any removable storage device used with a Rohde & Schwarz instrument regularly. It is also recommended that you install anti-virus software on the instrument. Rohde & Schwarz does NOT recommend running anti-virus software in the
background ("on-access" mode) on Windows-based instruments, due to potentially
degrading instrument performance. However, Rohde & Schwarz does recommend running it during non-critical hours.
For details and recommendations, see the following Rohde & Schwarz white paper:
●
1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10
4.2.2 Service Packs and Updates
Microsoft regularly creates security updates and other patches to protect Windowsbased operating systems. These are released through the Microsoft Update website
and associated update server. Instruments using Windows, especially those that connect to a network, should be updated regularly.
For details and recommendations, see the following Rohde & Schwarz white paper:
●
1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10
4.2.3 Login
Microsoft Windows requires that users identify themselves by entering a user name
and password in a login window. By default, the R&S ESW provides two user
accounts:
●
"Instrument": an administrator account with unrestricted access to the computer/
domain
●
"NormalUser": a standard user account with limited access
Some administrative tasks require administrator rights (e.g. the configuration of a LAN
network). Refer to the description of the basic instrument setup ([SETUP] menu) to find
out which functions are affected.
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Preparing for Use
Windows Operating System
Secure user mode
If the secure user mode option (R&S ESW-K33) is installed, an additional account is
provided: the "SecureUser".
The "SecureUser" is a standard user account with limited functionality. In particular,
administrative tasks such as LAN configuration or general instrument settings are not
available. Furthermore, for a "SecureUser", data that the R&S ESW normally stores on
the solid-state drive is redirected to volatile memory instead. You can access data that
is stored in volatile memory during the current instrument session. However, when the
instrument’s power is removed, all data in volatile memory is erased.
For details, see Chapter 4.7, "Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode",
on page 40.
Automatic login
For the administrator account, an automatic login function is active by default. If activated, login is carried out automatically for the administrator (with full access) in the background when the R&S ESW is started, without having to enter a password. This function is active until you explicitly deactivate it or change the password.
For information on how to deactivate or reactivate the automatic login, refer to Chap-
ter 4.2.3.1, "Automatic Login Function", on page 29.
Passwords
For all default user accounts, the initial password is 894129. Note that this password is
very weak, and it is recommended that you change the password for both users after
initial login.
To change the password in Microsoft Windows
1. From the Windows desktop, select "Start > Settings > Account > SignIn Options >
Password > Change".
When the secure user mode is activated the first time after installation, the user is
prompted to change the passwords for all user accounts to improve system security.
2. When you change the default passwords, the default auto-login function no longer
works. Change the password for the auto-login function, as well, as described in
"Adapting the automatic login function to a new password" on page 30.
4.2.3.1 Automatic Login Function
When shipped, the instrument automatically logs on the default "Instrument" user to
Microsoft Windows using the default password.
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Preparing for Use
Windows Operating System
Switching users when using the automatic login function
Which user account is used is defined during login. If automatic login is active, the
login window is not displayed. However, you can also switch the user account to be
used when the automatic login function is active.
1. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the
R&S ESW (see also Chapter 4.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu", on page 31).
2. Press [CTRL + ALT + DEL], then select "Sign out".
The "Login" dialog box is displayed, in which you can enter the different user
account name and password.
Deactivating the automatic login function
To deactivate the automatic login function, perform the following steps:
1. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the
R&S ESW (see also Chapter 4.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu", on page 31).
2. In the "Start" menu, select "Run".
The "Run" dialog box is displayed.
3. Enter the command C:\R_S\Instr\User\NO_AUTOLOGIN.REG.
4. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm.
This command deactivates the automatic login function. The next time you switch
on the instrument, the operating system prompts you to enter your user name and
password before it starts the firmware.
Adapting the automatic login function to a new password
If you change the "Instrument" user's password, which is used during automatic login,
this function no longer works. Adapt the settings for the command that activates the
auto login function first.
1. Open the C:\R_S\Instr\User\NO_AUTOLOGIN.REG file in any text editor (e.g.
Notepad).
2. In the line "DefaultPassword"="894129", replace the default password
(894129) by the new password for automatic login.
3. Save the changes to the file.
Reactivating the automatic login function
1. Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar to access the operating system of the
R&S ESW (see also Chapter 4.2.4, "Accessing the Start Menu", on page 31).
2. In the "Start" menu, select "Run".
The "Run" dialog box is displayed.
3. Enter the command C:\R_S\Instr\User\AUTOLOGIN.REG.
4. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm.
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4.2.4 Accessing the Start Menu
Preparing for Use
Connecting USB Devices
This command reactivates automatic login function. It is active the next time the
instrument reboots.
The Windows "Start" menu provides access to the Microsoft Windows functionality and
installed programs.
To open the "Start" menu:
► Select the "Windows" icon in the toolbar, or press the "Windows" key or the [CTRL
+ ESC] key combination on the (external) keyboard.
All necessary system settings can be defined in the "Start > Settings" menu.
(For required settings refer to the Microsoft Windows documentation and to the hardware description).
4.2.5 Accessing the Windows Taskbar
The Windows taskbar also provides quick access to commonly used programs, for
example Paint or WordPad. IECWIN, the auxiliary remote control tool provided free of
charge and installed by Rohde & Schwarz, is also available from the taskbar.
For details on the IECWIN tool, see the "Network and Remote Control" chapter of the
R&S ESW user manual.
To open the taskbar, select the "Windows" icon on the R&S ESW toolbar, or press the
"Windows" key or the [CTRL + ESC] key combination on your (external) keyboard.
4.3 Connecting USB Devices
The USB interfaces of the R&S ESW allow you to connect USB devices directly to the
instrument. Increase the number of possible connections using USB hubs. Due to the
large number of available USB devices, there is almost no limit to the expansions that
are possible with the R&S ESW.
The following list shows various USB devices that can be useful:
●
Memory stick for easy transfer of data to/from a computer (e.g. firmware updates)
●
CD-ROM drives for easy installation of firmware applications
●
Keyboard or mouse to simplify the entry of data, comments, filenames, etc.
●
Printer for printing measurement results
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Preparing for Use
Connecting USB Devices
Installing USB devices is easy under Windows, because all USB devices are
plug&play. After a device is connected to the USB interface, the operating system automatically searches for a suitable device driver.
If Windows does not find a suitable driver, it prompts you to specify a directory that
contains the driver software. If the driver software is on a CD, connect a USB CD-ROM
drive to the instrument before proceeding.
When a USB device is then disconnected from the R&S ESW, Windows immediately
detects the change in hardware configuration and deactivates the corresponding driver.
All USB devices can be connected to or disconnected from the instrument during operation.
Connecting a memory stick or CD-ROM drive
If installation of a memory stick or CD-ROM drive is successful, Windows informs you
that the device is ready to use. The device is made available as a new drive and is displayed in Windows Explorer. The name of the drive depends on the manufacturer.
Connecting a keyboard
The keyboard is detected automatically when it is connected. The default input language is English – US.
However, you can also connect foreign language keyboards; currently the following
languages are supported for the R&S ESW:
●
German
●
Swiss
●
French
●
Russian
To configure the keyboard language
1. To access the Windows operating system, press the Windows key on the external
keyboard.
2. Select "Start > Settings > Time & language > Region & language > Add a lan-
guage" .
Connecting a mouse
The mouse is detected automatically when it is connected.
To configure the mouse properties
1. To access the Windows operating system, press the Windows key on the external
keyboard.
2. Select "Start > Settings > Devices > Mouse & touchpad".
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Preparing for Use
Connecting an External Monitor
Connecting a printer
When printing a file, the instrument checks whether a printer is connected and turned
on and whether the appropriate printer driver is installed. If necessary, printer driver
installation is initiated. You only have to install a printer driver once.
To install a printer
1. To access the Windows operating system, press the Windows key on the external
keyboard.
2. Select "Start > Settings > Devices > Add a printer or scanner".
You can load updated and improved driver versions or new drivers from an installation
disk, USB memory stick or another external storage medium. If the instrument is integrated in a network, you can also install driver data stored in a network directory.
To install the driver
► Select "Start > Settings > Devices > Device Manager > Update Device drivers" .
4.4 Connecting an External Monitor
You can connect an external monitor (or projector) to the DVI or display port connector
on the instrument's rear panel.
(See also Chapter 5.2.3, "DisplayPort and DVI", on page 54).
Screen resolution and format
The touchscreen of the R&S ESW is calibrated for a 16:10 format. If you connect a
monitor or projector using a different format (e.g. 4:3), the calibration will not be correct
and the screen will not react to your touch actions properly.
The touchscreen has a screen resolution of 1280x800 pixels. Most external monitors
have a higher screen resolution. If the screen resolution of the monitor is set higher
than the instrument's resolution, the application window uses an area of 1280x800 pixels on the monitor display. For full screen display, adjust the monitor's screen resolution.
The R&S ESW supports a minimum resolution of 1280x768 pixels.
1. Connect the external monitor to the R&S ESW.
2. Press the [SETUP] key.
3. Press the "Display" softkey.
4. Select the "Configure Monitor" tab in the "Display" dialog box.
The standard Windows "Screen Resolution" dialog box is displayed.
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Preparing for Use
Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
5. If necessary, change the screen resolution to be used. Consider the information in
the note above.
6. Select the instrument to be used for display:
● "Display 1": internal monitor only
● "Display 2": external monitor only
● "Duplicate": both internal and external monitor
7. Tap "Apply" to try out the settings before they are accepted permanently, then you
can easily return to the previous settings, if necessary.
8. Select "OK" if the settings are suitable.
4.5 Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
A LAN connection is the prerequisite for all network operations. The LAN connection
settings can be configured directly in the Windows operating system.
The R&S ESW is equipped with a network interface and can be connected to an Ethernet LAN (local area network). Provided the network administrator has assigned you the
appropriate rights and adapted the Windows firewall configuration, you can use the
interface, for example:
●
To transfer data between a controlling device and the test device, e.g. to run a
remote control program.
See chapter "Remote Control".
●
To access or control the measurement from a remote computer using the "Remote
Desktop" application (or a similar tool)
●
To connect external network devices (e.g. printers)
●
To transfer data from a remote computer and back, e.g. using network folders
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4.5.1 Connecting the Instrument to the Network
Preparing for Use
Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
This section describes how to configure the LAN interface. It includes the following topics:
●
Chapter 4.5.1, "Connecting the Instrument to the Network", on page 35
●
Chapter 4.5.2, "Assigning the IP Address", on page 36
Note that only user accounts with administrator rights can configure LAN networks.
LXI
The R&S ESW supports the LXI core features. LXI gives you direct access to the LAN
settings described below.
For further information on the LXI interface, refer to Chapter 14.4.4, "LXI Settings",
on page 405.
There are two methods to establish a LAN connection to the instrument:
●
A non-dedicated network (Ethernet) connection from the instrument to an existing
network made with an ordinary RJ-45 network cable. The instrument is assigned
an IP address and can coexist with a computer and with other hosts on the same
network.
●
A dedicated network connection (Point-to-point connection) between the instrument and a single computer made with a (crossover) RJ-45 network cable. The
computer must be equipped with a network adapter and is directly connected to the
instrument. The use of hubs, switches, or gateways is not required, however, data
transfer is still performed using the TCP/IP protocol. You must assign an IP
address to the instrument and the computer, see Chapter 4.5.2, "Assigning the IP
Address", on page 36.
Note: As the R&S ESW uses a 1 GBit LAN, a crossover cable is not necessary
(due to Auto-MDI(X) functionality).
Risk of network failure
Consult your network administrator before performing the following tasks:
●
Connecting the instrument to the network
●
Configuring the network
●
Changing IP addresses
●
Exchanging hardware
Errors can affect the entire network.
► To establish a non-dedicated network connection, connect a commercial RJ-45
cable to one of the LAN ports.
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4.5.2 Assigning the IP Address
Preparing for Use
Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
To establish a dedicated connection, connect a (crossover) RJ-45 cable between
the instrument and a single PC.
If the instrument is connected to the LAN, Windows automatically detects the network
connection and activates the required drivers.
The network card can be operated with a 1 GBit Ethernet IEEE 802.3u interface.
Depending on the network capacities, the TCP/IP address information for the instrument can be obtained in different ways.
●
If the network supports dynamic TCP/IP configuration using the Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP), all address information can be assigned automatically.
●
If the network does not support DHCP, or if the instrument is set to use alternate
TCP/IP configuration, the addresses must be set manually.
By default, the instrument is configured to use dynamic TCP/IP configuration and
obtain all address information automatically. This means that it is safe to establish a
physical connection to the LAN without any previous instrument configuration.
Risk of network errors
Connection errors can affect the entire network. If your network does not support
DHCP, or if you choose to disable dynamic TCP/IP configuration, you must assign valid
address information before connecting the instrument to the LAN. Contact your network administrator to obtain a valid IP address.
Assigning the IP address on the instrument
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Press the "Network + Remote" softkey.
3. Select the "Network" tab.
4. In the "Network + Remote" dialog, toggle the "DHCP On/Off" setting to the required
mode.
If DHCP is "Off", you must enter the IP address manually, as described in the following steps.
Note: When DHCP is changed from "On" to "Off", the previously set IP address
and subnet mask are retrieved.
If DHCP is "On", the IP address of the DHCP server is obtained automatically. The
configuration is saved, and you are prompted to restart the instrument. You can
skip the remaining steps.
Note: When a DHCP server is used, a new IP address may be assigned each time
the instrument is restarted. This address must first be determined on the instrument
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Preparing for Use
Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
itself. Thus, when using a DHCP server, it is recommended that you use the permanent computer name, which determines the address via the DNS server
(See "Using a DNS server to determine the IP address" on page 37 and Chap-
ter 4.5.3, "Using Computer Names", on page 38).
5. Enter the "IP Address", for example 192.0.2.0. The IP address consists of four
number blocks separated by dots. Every block contains a maximum of 3 numbers.
6. Enter the "Subnet Mask", for example 255.255.255.0. The subnet mask consists of
four number blocks separated by dots. Every block contains a maximum of 3 numbers.
7. Select "Configure Network".
If you have entered an invalid IP address or subnet mask, the message "out of
range" is displayed in the status line. If the settings are correct, the configuration is
saved, and you are prompted to restart the instrument.
8. Confirm the displayed message ("Yes" button) to restart the instrument.
Using a DNS server to determine the IP address
If a DNS server is configured on the R&S ESW, the server can determine the current
IP address for the connection using the permanent computer name.
1. Obtain the name of your DNS domain and the IP addresses of the DNS and WINS
servers on your network.
2. Press the "Windows" key on the external keyboard or the [CTRL + ESC] key com-
bination on your keyboard to access the operating system.
3. Select "Start > Settings > Network & Internet > Ethernet > Network and Sharing
Center > Connections: Ethernet".
4. In the "Ethernet Status" dialog box, select the "Properties" button.
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Setting Up a Network (LAN) Connection
The items used by the LAN connection are displayed.
5. Tap the entry named "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)" to highlight it.
6. Select the "Properties" button.
7. On the "General" tab, select "Use the following DNS server addresses" and enter
your own DNS addresses.
For more information, refer to the Windows operating system help.
4.5.3 Using Computer Names
In a LAN that uses a DNS server (Domain Name System server), each PC or instrument connected in the LAN can be accessed via an unambiguous computer name
instead of the IP address. The DNS server translates the host name to the IP address.
This is especially useful when a DHCP server is used, as a new IP address may be
assigned each time the instrument is restarted.
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Setting the Date and Time
Each instrument is delivered with an assigned computer name, but this name can be
changed.
The default instrument name is a non-case-sensitive string with the following syntax:
<Type><variant>-<serial_number>
The serial number can be found on the rear panel of the instrument. It is the third part
of the device ID printed on the bar code sticker:
For example, ESW26-123456
To change the computer name
1. Press the [Setup] key and then the "Network + Remote" softkey.
The current "Computer Name" is displayed in the "Network" tab.
2. Enter the new computer name.
3. Close the dialog box.
4.5.4 Changing the Windows Firewall Settings
A firewall protects an instrument by preventing unauthorized users from gaining access
to it through a network. Rohde & Schwarz highly recommends the use of the firewall on
your instrument. Rohde & Schwarz instruments are shipped with the Windows firewall
enabled and preconfigured in such a way that all ports and connections for remote
control are enabled.
For more details on firewall configuration, see the following Rohde & Schwarz White
Paper:
●
1EF96: Malware Protection Windows 10
Note that changing firewall settings requires administrator rights.
4.6 Setting the Date and Time
Users with administrator rights can set the date and time for the internal real time clock
as follows:
Opening the Date and Time Properties dialog box
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Press the "Display" softkey.
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Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
3. Select the "General" tab in the "Display" dialog box.
4. Press the "Set Date and Time" button to open the standard Windows "Date and
Time Properties" dialog box.
5. If necessary, toggle the "Date and Time Format" between German (DE) and US.
After you have made a change and closed the dialog box, the new date and time is
also adopted by the instrument.
4.7 Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
During normal operation, the R&S ESW uses a solid-state drive to store its operating
system, instrument firmware, instrument self-alignment data, and any user data created during operation. If necessary, the solid-state drive can be removed from the
R&S ESW and locked in a secure place to protect any classified data it may contain.
Redirecting storage to volatile memory
Alternatively, to avoid storing any sensitive data on the R&S ESW permanently, the
secure user mode was introduced (option R&S ESW-K33). In secure user mode the
instrument’s solid-state drive is write-protected so that no information can be written to
memory permanently. Data that the R&S ESW normally stores on the solid-state drive
is redirected to volatile memory instead, which remains available only until the instrument is switched off. This data includes:
●
Windows operating system files
●
Firmware shutdown files containing information on last instrument state
●
Self-alignment data
●
General instrument settings such as the IP address
●
Measurement settings
●
User data created during operation
(see also Table 12-1)
●
Any data created by other applications installed on the R&S ESW, for example text
editors (Notepad), the Clipboard, drawing tools, etc.
Users can access data that is stored in volatile memory just as in normal operation.
However, when the instrument’s power is switched off, all data in this memory is
cleared. Thus, in secure user mode, the instrument always starts in a defined, fixed
state when switched on.
To store data such as measurement results permanently, it must be stored to an external storage device, such as a memory stick.
Limited storage space
The volatile memory used to store data in secure user mode is restricted to 256 MB.
Thus, a "Memory full" error can occur although the hard disk indicates that storage
space is still available.
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Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
Storing required data permanently
Any data that is to be available for subsequent sessions with the R&S ESW must be
stored on the instrument permanently, before activating the secure user mode. This
includes predefined instrument settings, transducer factors and self-alignment data.
Self-alignment data
Note that self-alignment data becomes invalid with time and due to temperature
changes. Therefore, to achieve optimal accuracy, it may be preferable to perform a
new self-alignment at the start of each new session on the R&S ESW.
Restricted operation
Since permanent storage is not possible, the following functions are not available in
secure user mode:
●
Firmware update
●
Activating a new option key
Furthermore, since the "SecureUser" used in secure user mode does not have administrator rights, administrative tasks such as LAN configuration and some general
instrument settings are not available. Refer to the description of the basic instrument
setup ([SETUP] menu) to find out which functions are affected.
Activating and deactivating secure user mode
Only a user with administrator rights can activate the secure user mode. Once activated, a restart is required. The special user "SecureUser" is then logged on to the
R&S ESW automatically using the automatic login function. While the secure user
mode is active, a message is displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the screen.
Secure Passwords
By default, the initial password for both the administrator account ("Instrument") and
the "SecureUser" account is "894129". When the secure user mode is activated the
first time after installation, you are prompted to change the passwords for all user
accounts to improve system security. Although it is possible to continue without changing the passwords, it is strongly recommended that you do so.
You can change the password in Microsoft Windows for any user at any time via:
"Start > Settings > Account > SignIn Options > Password > Change"
To deactivate the secure user mode, the "SecureUser" must log off and the "Instrument" user (administrator) must log on.
Switching users when using the automatic login function
In the "Start" menu, select the arrow next to the "Shut down" button and then "Log off".
The "Login" dialog box is displayed, in which you can enter the different user account
name and password.
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Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
The secure user mode setting and automatic login is automatically deactivated when
the "Instrument" user logs on. The "SecureUser" is no longer available.
For administrators ("Instrument" user), the secure user mode setting is available in the
general system configuration settings (see "SecureUser Mode" on page 340).
Remote control
Initially after installation of the R&S ESW-K33 option, secure user mode must be
enabled manually once before remote control is possible.
(See SYSTem:SECurity[:STATe].)
This is necessary to prompt for a change of passwords.
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Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
5 Instrument Tour
On the instrument tour, you can learn about the different control elements and connectors on the front and back panel of the R&S ESW.
5.1 The Front Panel
The front panel contains the main control elements of the R&S ESW in addition to various connectors as shown in Figure 5-1.
13
12
11
1
2 3 4 5 7 9 910 108
Figure 5-1: Front panel of the R&S ESW
1 = Display (touchscreen)
2 = Power key
3 = System control keys
4 = USB ports
5 = Probe power connector
6 = Headphone jack and volume control
7 = Fast access knobs
8 = Probe power connector
9 = Radiofrequency (RF) inputs
10 = Trigger in- and outputs
11 = Navigation controls
12 = Alphanumieric keys
13 = Configuration keys
6
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5.1.1 Display (Touchscreen)
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
Instrument damage caused by cleaning agents
Cleaning agents contain substances such as solvents (thinners, acetone, etc.), acids,
bases, or other substances. Solvents can damage the front panel labeling, plastic
parts, or screens, for example.
Never use cleaning agents to clean the outside of the instrument. Use a soft, dry, lintfree dust cloth instead.
The touchscreen on the front panel of the R&S ESW displays the measurement
results. Additionally, the screen display provides status and setting information and
allows you to switch between various measurement tasks. The screen is touch-sensitive, offering an alternative means of user interaction for quick and easy handling of the
instrument.
Risk of touchscreen damage
Inappropriate tools or excessive force can damage the touchscreen.
Observe the following instructions when operating the touchscreen:
●
Never touch the screen with ball point pens or other sharp objects, use your fingers
instead.
As an alternative, you can use a stylus pen with a smooth soft tip.
●
Never apply excessive force to the screen. Touch it gently.
●
Never scratch the screen surface, for example with a finger nail.
●
Never rub the screen surface strongly, for example with a dust cloth.
For instructions on cleaning the screen, see Chapter 16.1, "Cleaning",
on page 722.
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Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
1 = Toolbar: contains general functionality of the firmware (print, save etc.).
2 = Channel tabs: each tab contains a measurement channel.
3 = Channel bar: shows measurement settings and allows you to change those settings easily.
4 = Input field.
5 = Window title bar: contains diagram-specific (trace) information.
6 = Result display: contains the measurement results.
7 = Diagram footer: contains diagram-specific information.
8 = Status bar: contains system messages, progress bar and date and time.
9 = Softkeys: provide access to measurement functions.
A touchscreen is a screen that is touch-sensitive, i.e. it reacts in a specified way when
a particular element on the screen is tapped by a finger or a pointing device, for example. Any user interface elements that can be clicked on by a mouse pointer can also be
tapped on the screen to trigger the same behavior, and vice versa.
Using the touchscreen, the following tasks (among others) can be performed by the tap
of your finger:
●
Changing a setting
●
Changing the display
●
Moving a marker
●
Zooming into a diagram
●
Selecting a new evaluation method
●
Scrolling through a result list
●
Saving or printing results and settings
To imitate a right-click by mouse using the touchscreen, for example to open a contextsensitive menu for a specific item, press the screen for about 1 second.
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5.1.2 Power Key
5.1.3 System Control Keys
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
The Power key on the front panel turns the instrument on and off.
The color of the LED above the key shows its current state.
●
Orange: instrument is in stand-by mode.
●
Green: instrument is running.
For more information see Chapter 4.1.5, "Switching the Instrument On and Off",
on page 25.
System control keys provide access to the basic instrument configuration.
Refer to the User Manual for an extensive description of the system configuration functionality.
Resets the instrument to its default configuration.
5.1.4 USB Ports
The three USB ports on the front panel (type A) allow you to connect devices like keyboards, mouses or memory sticks.
Selects a particular measurement application or operating mode.
Provides functionality to configure basic instrument characteristics, for example:
●
the LAN connection
●
the date and time
●
the display configuration
●
the reference frequency
●
firmware update and application installation
●
service functions
●
transducer configuration
●
configuration of the Fast Acces panel
Provides access to the on-screen keyboard.
Turns full screen mode on and off.
Selects a window in split screen mode or browses through active windows in full
screen mode.
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5.1.5 Probe Power Connector (3 and 5 Pins)
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
The R&S ESW provides additional USB ports (including one type B port) on the rear
panel.
All USB ports support standard 2.0.
The R&S ESW provides two connectors to supply accessories that require a power
supply (for example probes or transducers).
The probe power connector with five pins supports supply voltages of ±10 V and
ground. The maximum permissible current is 200 mA. This probe power connector is
suitable, for example, for transducers from Rohde & Schwarz.
The probe power connector with three pins supports supply voltages from +15 V to
-12.6 V and ground. The maximum permissible current is 150 mA. This probe power
connector is suitable, for example, for high-impedance probes from Agilent.
5.1.6 Headphone Jack and Volume Control
The female headphone jack allows you to connect headphones (or external speakers)
with a miniature jack plug.
You can control the output voltage with the volume control next to the headphone jack.
If you connect headphones or external speakers, the R&S ESW automatically turns off
the internal speaker.
Muting sound
You can turn the volume on and off easily by pressing the volume control.
Risk of hearing damage
Before putting on the headphones, make sure that the volume setting is not too high to
protect your hearing.
5.1.7 Fast Access Knobs
The two knobs on the front panel are designed to provide fast access to a (predefined)
set of settings that you are using regularly, and change these settings without using the
user interface. Each knob can carry several different functions.
You can find a comprehensive description of the fast access knobs in the User Manual.
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5.1.8 RF Inputs (50 Ω)
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
The R&S ESW provides two RF inputs for connection of a device under test (DUT) to
the R&S ESW. The DUT is connected to the RF Input via cable and an approriate connector (for example a male N connector).
The first RF Input supports a frequency range from 2 Hz to f
range from 0 dB to 75 dB. The second RF Input supports a frequency range from 2 Hz
to 1 GHz and an attenuation range from 10 dB to 75 dB. Attenuation levels greater
than 10 dB at RF Input 2 are only possible when the pulse limiter is not active (refer to
the User Manual for more information).
Risk of instrument damage
Do not overload the RF input. For maximum allowed values, see the data sheet.
For AC-coupling, a DC input voltage of 50 V must never be exceeded. For DC-cou-
pling, DC voltage must not be applied at the input. In both cases, noncompliance will
destroy the input mixers.
When measuring unknown signals, do not use a 0 dB attenuation level. Otherwise, the
input mixer may be damaged or destroyed.
When measuring unknown signals on the second RF input, turn on the pulse limiter
feature. Otherwise, the input mixer may be damaged or destroyed in case of high
power signals.
5.1.9 Trigger Input and Output
and an attenuation
max
The female BNC connector labeled "Trigger Input" allows you to receive an external
trigger signal.
The female BNC connector labeled "Trigger Input / Output" allows you to receive an
external trigger signal or send a trigger signal to another device.
When you are using the connector as a trigger input, you can apply voltages in the
range from 0.5 V to 3.5 V (the default value is 1.4 V). The typical input impedance is
10 kΩ.
When you are using the connector as a trigger output, the TTL compatible signal is
transmitted (0 V / 5 V).
Note that you can find another connector for trigger input and output on the rear panel.
For more information about controlling and configuring trigger input and output, refer to
the User Manual.
5.1.10 Navigation Control
Navigation control consists of a rotary knob and cursor keys. These keys allow you to
navigate within the display or within dialog boxes.
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Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
In addition to the rotary knob and the cursor keys, the navigation control also provides
undo / redo functionality.
Rotary knob
The rotary knob allows you to do several things:
●
It increases or decreases any kind of numeric value. In most cases, the rotary knob
changes numeric values with a fixed step size.
Turning it to the right corresponds to an increase, turning it to the left to a decrease
of a numeric value.
●
It works like a cursor key in dialog boxes or lists (for example dropdown menus). In
that case you can navigate to one of the items with the rotary knob. If the dialog
box covers more than one screen page, it also scrolls through the dialog box.
Turning it to the right corresponds to a downward movement. Moving it to the left to
an upward movement.
●
It moves around markers and other graphical elements on the screen. In most
cases, the step size is fix.
●
Pressing the rotary knob has the same effect as pressing the [ENTER] key as it
confirms an entry or selection.
Cursor keys
The cursor keys allow you to do several things:
●
The up and down keys increase or decrease any kind of numeric value if an input
field is active.
The cursor keys change numeric values with a fixed step size.
●
The cursor keys navigate through dialog boxes or lists (for example dropdown
menus).
●
The left and right keys move the cursor in an input field in the corresponding direction.
●
The up and down keys move markers around.
The step size is fix.
●
The cursor keys allow you to navigate to a cell in a table.
●
The cursor keys move a scroll bar (vertical or horizontal) in dialog boxes that have
one.
Undo and redo functionality
Reverts the software to an older state by erasing the last change you have applied.
The undo function is useful, for example, if you are performing a measurement with
several markers and a limit line and accidentally select a different measurement. In
this case, a lot of settings would be lost. However, if you press [UNDO] immediately
afterwards, the previous status is retrieved.
Reverses an undo action or repeats the most recently performed action.
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5.1.11 The Keypad
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
The [UNDO] function is not available after a [PRESET] or "RECALL" operation. When
these functions are used, the history of previous actions is deleted.
The alphanumeric keys allow you to enter alphanumeric characters where necessary
(for example in dialog boxes or input fields). The keypad containing the alphanumeric
keys also provides keys that select a particular unit.
Provide access to numbers and (special) characters.
...
Inserts a decimal point at the cursor position (".").
Changes the sign of a numeric value or inserts a dash character ("-") in case of
alphanumeric input.
Select a particular unit for a numeric value. The labels on and next to the key state
the units it selects.
...
Pressing one of the unit keys also completes the entry of a numeric value. Note that
in case of level entries (dB, dBm etc.) or dimensionless values, all unit keys have the
value "1" as multiplying factor and thus work like the [ENTER] key..
Provides the following functions:
In dialog boxes:
●
Closes all kinds of dialog boxes if edit mode is not active.
●
Quits edit mode if it is active.
●
Selects the "Cancel" button when available.
In "Edit" dialog boxes:
●
If data entry has been started, it retains the original value and closes the dialog
box.
●
If data entry has not been started or has been completed, it closes the dialog
box.
Deletes the character to the left of the cursor (if an (alpha)numeric entry has been
started already.
Provides the following functions:
●
Completes the entry of input made with the alphanumeric keys (numeric or
alphanumeric) and accepts the input.
If you enter a numeric value that has a unit, the [ENTER] key works like the
[HZ/DB] key.
●
Selects the default or focused element in dialog boxes.
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5.1.12 The Function Keys
Instrument Tour
The Front Panel
Function keys provide access to the most common measurement settings and functions.
Refer to the user manual for an extensive description of the measurement settings and
functions.
Provides functionality to define frequency parameters, for example:
●
the receiver or center frequency
●
the frequency offset
Provides functionality to configure the frequency span.
Provides functionality to configure amplitude or level characteristics, for example:
●
the attenuation
●
the input impedance
●
the scale of the level axis
●
the preamplifier
Provides functionality to automatically define various parameters like the level or frequency.
Provides functionality to define various filter bandwidths.
Provides functionality to configure the measurement, for example:
●
the measurement mode (single or continuous measurements)
●
the number of measurement points
●
the measurement time
Provides functionality to configure data acquisition and analyze measured data, for
example:
●
the trace mode
●
the detector
Provides functionality to configure triggered and gated measurements.
Provides functionality to activate and position absolute and relative markers (markers
and delta markers).
Performs a peak search for active markers.
If no marker is active, marker 1 is activated and the peak search is performed for it.
Spectrum application only: Provides additional analysis functions of the measurement markers, for example:
●
the frequency counter
●
the noise measurement
●
the phase noise measurement
●
the AM/FM audio demodulator
Provides functionality to position and control markers, for example:
●
to configure the marker search
●
to configure the peak excursion
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Instrument Tour
The Rear Panel
Provides the measurement functions, for example:
●
the bargraph measurement (receiver application)
●
the scan and final measurement (receiver application)
●
the AF demodulation (receiver application)
●
IF analysis
●
the channel power and ACLR measurement (spectrum application)
●
the occupied bandwidth measurement (spectrum application)
●
the Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM) measurement (spectrum application)
●
the spurious emission measurement (spectrum application)
●
the signal statistics (spectrum application)
Provides functionality to configure the measurement.
Provides functionality to control display and limit lines.
Provides functionality to configure inputs and outputs.
Starts a measurement in single measurement mode.
Starts a measurement in continuous measurement mode.
5.2 The Rear Panel
The rear panel contains various connectors as shown in Figure 5-2.
1 23 4 5 8 9 10127 11 6
Figure 5-2: Rear panel of the R&S
ESW
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Instrument Tour
The Rear Panel
1 = Removable hard drive
2 = AC power supply and main power switch
3 = DisplayPort and DVI connector
4 = LAN connector
5 = USB ports
6 = Trigger in- and outputs
7 = IF / Video / Demod output
8 = Sync Trigger input and output
9 = AUX port
10 = GPIB interface
11 = OCXO external reference (option R&S ESW-B4)
12 = REF inputs and outputs
Not shown = External Generator control (option R&S ESW-B10)
● Removable Hard Disk............................................................................................. 53
● AC Power Connector and Main Power Switch........................................................53
● DisplayPort and DVI................................................................................................54
● LAN Connector........................................................................................................54
● USB Ports............................................................................................................... 54
● IF / Video / Demod Output...................................................................................... 54
● Sync Trigger Input and Output................................................................................54
● AUX Port................................................................................................................. 55
● GPIB Interface.........................................................................................................55
● External Generator Control (Optional).................................................................... 55
● OCXO (Optional).....................................................................................................56
● REF INPUT / REF OUTPUT................................................................................... 56
5.2.1 Removable Hard Disk
The removable hard disk is accessible from the rear of the instrument.
In addition to the operating system and the firmware, the R&S ESW also stores measurement data on that disk. When you remove the hard disk, you can store it and the
data on it somewhere secure.
5.2.2 AC Power Connector and Main Power Switch
The AC power supply and main power switch are located in a unit on the rear panel of
the instrument.
The main power switch has the following states.
●
Position "1": The instrument is supplied with power.
●
Position "0": The instrument is disconnected from the power supply.
For details refer to Chapter 4.1.5, "Switching the Instrument On and Off", on page 25.
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5.2.3 DisplayPort and DVI
5.2.4 LAN Connector
Instrument Tour
The Rear Panel
You can connect an external monitor or other display device to the R&S ESW. Another
display device allows you to view the user interface on a bigger screen. Two different
types of connectors are provided for this purpose:
●
DisplayPort
●
DVI (Digital Visual Interface)
For details see Chapter 4.4, "Connecting an External Monitor", on page 33.
The LAN interface allows you to connect the R&S ESW to a local network for remote
control, printouts or data transfer. The assignment of the RJ-45 connector supports
twisted-pair category 5 UTP/STP cables in a star configuration (UTP stands for
unshielded twisted pair, and STP for shielded twisted pair).
For details see Chapter 14, "Network and Remote Operation", on page 356.
5.2.5 USB Ports
The four USB ports on the rear panel (type A) allow you to connect devices like keyboards, mouses or memory sticks.
The male USB connector (type B) allows you to connect the R&S ESW to a computer
and establish a remote control connection, for example.
All USB connectors support standard 2.0.
5.2.6 IF / Video / Demod Output
The two female BNC connectors can be used for various outputs:
●
Output of the intermediate frequency (IF)
●
Output of the video signal
●
Output of the demodulated signal (AM, FM)
Details about configuring the output type and characteristics are part of the user manual.
5.2.7 Sync Trigger Input and Output
The "Sync Trigger Input / Output" connectors allow you to synchronize several devices
(for example two R&S ESWs) with respect to the trigger signal, but also the reference
frequency. A 100 MHz signal can be output as a trigger or reference signal to another
device, and an external trigger or reference signal can be received at the input connector by the R&S ESW.
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5.2.8 AUX Port
Instrument Tour
The Rear Panel
The 9 pole SUB-D male connector provides control signals for controlling external devices. The voltage levels are TTL compatible (max. 5 V).
Pin Signal Description
1 +5 V / max. 250 mA Supply voltage for external circuits
2 I/O Controls phase N
3 I/O Controls the 150 kHz highpass filter
4 I/O Controls phase L3
5 I/O not used
6 I/O Controls phase L1
7 I/O Controls phase L2
8 GND Ground
9 READY FOR TRIGGER Signal indicating that the instrument is ready to
receive a trigger signal (Low active = 0 V)
Short-circuit hazard
Always observe the designated pin assignment. A short-circuit can damage the port.
5.2.9 GPIB Interface
The GPIB interface is in compliance with IEEE488 and SCPI. A computer for remote
control can be connected via this interface. To set up the connection, a shielded cable
is recommended. For more details refer to "Setting Up Remote Control" in the User
Manual.
5.2.10 External Generator Control (Optional)
The optional "External Generator Control" provides an additional GPIB interface and
AUX port.
The GPIB connector can be used to connect an external generator to the R&S ESW.
The AUX port is required for TTL synchronization, if supported by the generator (see
Chapter 5.2.8, "AUX Port", on page 55).
For details on connecting an external generator see the "External Generator Control"
section of the R&S ESW User Manual.
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5.2.11 OCXO (Optional)
5.2.12 REF INPUT / REF OUTPUT
Instrument Tour
The Rear Panel
This optional OCXO generates a 10 MHz reference signal with a very precise frequency. If installed, and if no external signal is used, this signal is used as an internal
reference. It can also be used to synchronize other connected devices via the REF
OUTPUT 10 MHz connector.
Warm-up time for OCXO
When the instrument is switched on, the OCXO requires an extended warm-up time
(see data sheet).
The REF INPUT connectors are used to provide an external reference signal to the
R&S ESW.
The REF OUTPUT connectors can be used to provide an external reference signal (or
the optional OCXO reference signal) from the R&S ESW to other devices that are connected to this instrument.
Various connectors are provided for different reference signals:
Connector Reference signal Usage
REF INPUT 1...20 MHz
0...10 dBm
REF OUTPUT 1...20 MHz
0...10 dBm
REF OUTPUT 10 MHz
10 dBm
REF INPUT 100 MHz
0...10 dBm
REF OUTPUT 100 MHz
6 dBm
REF OUTPUT 640 MHz
16 dBm
To provide an external reference signal on the
R&S ESW.
To provide the same external reference signal received
by the REF INPUT 1...20 MHz connector to another
device, when available.
To provide the internal reference signal from the
R&S ESW to another device continuously.
Also used to provide OCXO reference signal to another
device.
To provide an external reference signal on the
R&S ESW.
To provide a 100 MHz reference signal from the
R&S ESW to another device.
To provide a 640 MHz reference signal from the
R&S ESW to another device.
SYNC TRIGGER
The SYNC TRIGGER connector can also be used to synchronize the reference frequency on several devices.
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Operating the Instrument
Understanding the Display Information
6 Operating the Instrument
The following topics provide an overview on how to work with the R&S ESW. They
describe what kind of information is displayed in the diagram area, how to interact with
the R&S ESW, and how to use the online help.
● Understanding the Display Information...................................................................57
● Accessing Functions............................................................................................... 65
● Changing the Focus................................................................................................69
● Entering Data.......................................................................................................... 69
● Displaying Results...................................................................................................72
● Getting Help............................................................................................................ 79
● Remote Control.......................................................................................................81
6.1 Understanding the Display Information
The following image shows the default display layout in the receiver application. All different information areas are labeled. They are explained in more detail in the following
sections.
1 2 3 4 5
= Channel bar: shows firmware and measurement settings
1
2 = Window title bar: shows diagram-specific (trace) information
3 = Diagram area: contains the measurement results and other information related to the measurement
(marker etc.)
4 = Diagram footer: shows diagram-specific information, depending on measurement application
5 = Instrument status bar: shows error messages, measurement progress, date/time etc.
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6.1.1 Channel Bar
Operating the Instrument
Understanding the Display Information
Hiding elements in the display
You can hide some of the elements in the display, for example the status bar or channel bar, to enlarge the display area for the measurement results ("Setup" > "Display" >
"Displayed Items").
For details, see the R&S ESW user manual.
● Channel Bar............................................................................................................ 58
● Window Title Bar.....................................................................................................60
● Marker Information..................................................................................................61
● Frequency and Span Information in Diagram Footer..............................................62
● Instrument and Status Information..........................................................................62
● Error Information..................................................................................................... 63
Using the R&S ESW you can handle several different measurement tasks (channels)
at the same time (although they can only be performed asynchronously). For each
channel, a separate tab is displayed on the screen. To switch from one channel display
to another, simply select the corresponding tab.
If many tabs are open, you can also select the tab selection list icon at the right end of
the channel bar and select the channel you want to see.
MultiView tab
An additional tab labeled "MultiView" provides an overview of all active channels at a
glance. In the "MultiView" tab, each individual window contains its own channel bar
with an additional button. Tap this button to switch to the corresponding channel display quickly.
Icons in the channel bar
The star icon ( ) on the tab label indicates that the displayed trace no longer matches
the current instrument settings. This can be the case, for example, if a trace is frozen
and the instrument settings are changed. When a new measurement is performed, the
icon disappears.
The exclamation mark icon ( ) indicates that an error or warning is available for that
measurement channel. This is particularly useful if the MultiView tab is displayed.
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Understanding the Display Information
The icon indicates the currently active channel during an automatic measurement
sequence (sequencer functionality).
Beneath the channel name, information about channel-specific settings for the measurement is displayed in the channel bar. Channel information varies depending on
the active application.
The channel bar above the diagram also contains information about instrument settings.
Table 6-1: Contents of the channel bar (receiver application)
Label Information
"Meas BW" Type and bandwidth of the currently selected resolu-
tion filter.
The filter type label either reads "6 dB" or "MIL". For
3 dB filters, the label is not displayed.
"Att(enuation)" Currently defined RF attenuation.
"Input" Currently used RF input (1 or 2), including the input
coupling (AC or DC).
"Meas Time" Currently defined measurement time.
For a scan count > 1, the measurement time is the
sum of all single measurements.
"Preamp(lifier)" Currently selected preamplifier state.
"PS" Current state of the preselector.
"Step" Currently selected scan type and frequency step
mode.
●
"LIN": Stepped scan with linear frequency
steps. The frequency step size is a fix value in
Hz.
●
"LOG": Stepped scan with logarithmic frequency steps. The frequency step size is a percentage of the current frequency.
●
"TD Scan": Time domain scan.
●
"Fixed Freq": Fixed frequency scan.
"Notch" Current state of the notch filter.
"Out" Currently selected output type.
If phones output is on, a corresponding icon is displayed.
"LISN" Currently selected LISN and LISN phase.
For R&S ENV216, it also shows the state of the
highpass filter.
Only displayed when a LISN is included in the measurement.
"SGL" Indicates the progress of single measurements.
The first number is the current measurement. The
second number is the total number of measurements.
Only displayed for single measurements and if the
scan count is greater than 1.
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Understanding the Display Information
Label Information
"Frequency" Current receiver frequency.
"75 Ω" 75 Ω input impedance has been selected.
"TRG" Currently selected trigger source.
"TDF" Currently selected transducers, including the input
they have been assigned to.
Ext. Gen An external generator is being controlled by the
R&S ESW (requires optional hardware).
Icons for individual settings
In the receiver application, a bullet next to the setting indicates that automatic settings are used, not user-defined settings.
In other applications, a bullet next to the setting indicates that user-defined settings
are used, not automatic settings. A green bullet indicates that this setting is valid and
the measurement is correct. A red bullet indicates an invalid setting that does not provide useful results.
6.1.2 Window Title Bar
Each channel in the R&S ESW display can contain several windows. Each window can
display either a graph or a table as a result of the channel measurement. Which type of
result evaluation is displayed in which window is defined in the display configuration
(see Chapter 6.5, "Displaying Results", on page 72). The window's title bar indicates
which type of evaluation is displayed.
Trace information in window title bar
Information on the displayed traces is indicated in the window title bar.
Trace number
Trace color
Detector
Trace color Color of trace display in diagram
Trace no. Number of the trace (1 to 6)
Trace mode
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Understanding the Display Information
Detector
Trace Mode
Abbreviation of the detector assigned to the trace:
●
AP
Autopeak detector
●
Av
Average detector
●
CA
CISPR AV detector
●
Mi
Min Peak / Negative Peak detector
●
Pk
Max Peak / Positive Peak detector
●
QP
Quasipeak detector
●
RA
RMS Average detector
●
Rm
RMS detector
●
Sa
Sample detector
Abbreviation of the trace mode:
●
Clrw
Clear Write: Shows the currently measured values.
●
Max
Max Hold: Shows the maximum values that have been measured.
●
Min
Min Hold: Shows the minimum values that have been measured.
●
Average
Average: Shows the averaged values that have been measured.
●
View
View: Shows a trace which remains the same when you perform another
measurement.
●
Transducer
Transducer: Shows the correction values of active transducer factors.
Norm/NCor Correction data is not used.
6.1.3 Marker Information
Marker information is provided either in the diagram grid or in a separate marker table,
depending on the configuration.
Marker information in diagram grid
Within the diagram grid, the x-axis and y-axis positions of the last 2 markers or delta
markers that were set are displayed, if available, as well as their index. The value in
the square brackets after the index indicates the trace to which the marker is assigned.
(Example: M2[1] defines marker 2 on trace 1.) For more than 2 markers, a separate
marker table is displayed beneath the diagram by default.
Marker information in marker table
In addition to the marker information displayed within the diagram grid, a separate
marker table can be displayed beneath the diagram. This table provides the following
information for all active markers:
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6.1.4 Frequency and Span Information in Diagram Footer
Operating the Instrument
Understanding the Display Information
Label Information
"Wnd" Window type the marker is positioned in.
"Type" Marker type: N (normal), D (delta), T (temporary, internal)
"Ref" Reference (for delta markers)
"Trc" Trace to which the marker is assigned
"X-value" x-value of the marker
"Y-value" y-value of the marker
The information in the diagram footer (beneath the diagram) depends on the current
application.
The contents depend on the application and the result display.
Label Information
CF Center frequency
Span Frequency span (frequency domain display)
ms/ Time per division (time domain display)
Pts Number of measurement points or (rounded) number of currently displayed
points in zoom mode
Start Start frequency of the scan
Stop Stop frequency of the scan
6.1.5 Instrument and Status Information
Global instrument settings and functions (such as LXI configuration mode), the instrument status and any irregularities are indicated in the status bar beneath the diagram.
In the MultiView tab, the status bar always displays the information for the currently
selected measurement.
The following information is displayed:
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Understanding the Display Information
Instrument status
The R&S ESW is configured for operation with an external reference.
Selecting the "Ext Ref" icon opens a dialog box to configure the external refer-
ence.
The status of an LXI connection (green label = connection established, red label
= connection not established)
Selecting the "LXI" icon opens a dialog box to configure the LXI connection.
Progress
The status of the current operation is displayed in the status bar.
In the MultiView tab, the progress bar indicates the status of the currently selected
measurement, not the measurement currently being performed by a sequencer, for
example.
Date and time
The date and time settings of the instrument are displayed in the status bar.
Selecting the date and time icon opens a dialog box to configure the date and time.
Error messages and warnings
If errors or irregularities are detected, a keyword and an error message, if available,
are displayed in the status bar.
Knob configuration
Interfaces to configure the fast access knobs in the user interface and indicator of the
currently selected knob function.
6.1.6 Error Information
If errors or irregularities are detected, a keyword and an error message, if available,
are displayed in the status bar.
Depending on the type of message, the status message is indicated in varying colors.
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Understanding the Display Information
Table 6-2: Status bar information - color coding
Color Type Description
Red Error An error occurred at the start or during a measurement, e.g. due to missing
data or wrong settings, so that the measurement cannot be started or completed correctly.
Orange Warning An irregular situation occurred during measurement, e.g. the settings no lon-
ger match the displayed results, or the connection to an external device was
interrupted temporarily.
Gray Information Information on the status of individual processing steps.
No color No errors No message displayed - normal operation.
Green Measurement
successful
Some applications visualize that the measurement was successful by showing a message.
If any error information is available for a channel, an exclamation mark is displayed
next to the channel name ( ). This is particularly useful when the MultiView tab is displayed, as the status bar in the MultiView tab always displays the information for the
currently selected measurement only.
Furthermore, a status bit is set in the STATus:QUEStionable:EXTended:INFO register for the application concerned. Messages of a specific type can be queried using
the SYSTem:ERRor:EXTended? command. For more information, see the R&S ESW
User Manual.
When you select the error message bar or status message bar, the R&S ESW shows a
list of all current errors or status messages. In the error message bar, you can select
one of the error messages to open a dialog box that can help you to remedy the error.
Refer to the table below for information about which error message opens which dialog
box.
Table 6-3: List of keywords
AC COUP This label is displayed when a measurement is configured to be AC coupled, but
information in the DC range is detected. This situation can yield inaccurate measurement results.
You can avoid this error message by changing the input coupling type.
Selecting the "AC Coup" error message opens a dialog box to configure the RF
input.
IF OVLD Overload of the IF signal path in the A/D converter or in the digital IF.
INPUT OVLD The signal level at the RF input connector exceeds the maximum.
LOUNL Error in the instrument's frequency processing hardware was detected.
●
Increase the reference level.
Selecting the "IF OVLD" error message opens a dialog box to configure the amplitude.
The RF input is disconnected from the input mixer to protect the device. To re-enable
measurement, decrease the level at the RF input connector and reconnect the RF
input to the mixer input.
Selecting the "Input OVLD" error message opens a dialog box to configure the amplitude.
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Operating the Instrument
Accessing Functions
NO REF Instrument was set to an external reference but no signal was detected on the refer-
ence input.
Selecting the "No Ref" error message opens a dialog box to configure the external
reference.
OVEN The optional OCXO reference frequency has not yet reached its operating tempera-
ture. The message usually disappears a few minutes after power has been switched
on.
RF OVLD Overload of the input mixer or of the analog IF path.
UNCAL One of the following conditions applies:
WRONG_FW The firmware version is out-of-date and does not support the currently installed hard-
●
Increase the RF attenuation (for RF input).
●
Reduce the input level (for digital input)
Selecting the "RF OVLD" error message opens a dialog box to configure the amplitude.
●
Correction data has been switched off.
●
No correction values are available, for example after a firmware update.
●
Record the correction data by performing a self alignment
Selecting the "Uncal" error message opens the "Self Alignment dialog box."
ware. Until the firmware version is updated, this error message is displayed and selfalignment fails.
Selecting the "Wrong_FW" error message opens a dialog box to manage firmware
and options.
6.2 Accessing Functions
All tasks necessary to operate the instrument can be performed using the user interface. Apart from instrument specific keys, all other keys that correspond to an external
keyboard (for example arrow keys, [Enter] key) operate conform to Microsoft.
For most tasks, there are at least 2 alternative methods to perform them:
●
Using the touchscreen
●
Using other elements provided by the front panel, for example the keypad, rotary
knob, or arrow and position keys.
The measurement and instrument functions and settings can be accessed by selecting
one of the following elements:
●
System and function keys on the front panel of the instrument
●
Softkeys on the touchscreen
●
Context menus for specific elements on the touchscreen
●
Icons on the tool bar in the touchscreen
●
Displayed setting on the touchscreen
● Toolbar.................................................................................................................... 66
● Softkeys.................................................................................................................. 67
● Context Menus........................................................................................................68
● On-screen Keyboard...............................................................................................68
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6.2.1 Toolbar
Operating the Instrument
Accessing Functions
The icons in the toolbar provide access to general functions.
You can hide the toolbar display, for example when using remote control, in order to
enlarge the display area for the measurement results ("Setup > Display > Displayed
Items"). See the R&S ESW User Manual for details.
Windows: opens the Windows "Start" menu and task bar.
Open: opens a file from the instrument or an external device ("Save/Recall" menu).
Store: stores data on the instrument or an external device ("Save/Recall" menu).
Print: defines print settings ("Print" menu).
Report Generator: opens the softkey menu to configure a report.
Undo: reverts last operation
Redo: repeats previously reverted operation
Select: the cursor can be used to select (and move) elements in the display (markers, lines etc.).
Zoom mode: displays a dotted rectangle in the diagram that can be expanded to
define the zoom area.
Multiple zoom mode: multiple zoom areas can be defined for the same diagram.
Zoom off: displays the diagram in its original size.
SmartGrid: activates "SmartGrid" mode to configure the screen layout.
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Sequencer: opens the "Sequencer" menu to perform consecutive measurements.
Help (+ Select): allows you to select an element for which context-specific help is displayed.
Help: displays context-sensitive help topic for currently selected element.
Create report: creates a new measurement report and deletes previous report data.
Create report: creates a new measurement report without deleting previous report
data.
RF input off: Signal applied to the RF input is not measured (instead the signal path
of the calibration signal is used).
Note that this icon is only visible if you deliberately turn it on.
([SETUP] > "Display" > "Displayed Items" > "Input Terminator")
In "SmartGrid" mode only:
6.2.2 Softkeys
Softkeys are virtual keys provided by the software. Thus, more functions can be provided than those that can be accessed directly via the function keys on the instrument.
Softkeys are dynamic: depending on the selected function key, a different list of softkeys is displayed on the right side of the screen.
A list of softkeys for a certain function key is also called a menu. Softkeys can either
perform a specific function or open a dialog box.
Recognizing the softkey status by color
Color Meaning
Frequency lock: Frequency does not change when you turn the rotary knob.
Only applies to the frequency. You can still change other parameters with the rotary
knob.
Print immediately: prints the current display (screenshot) as configured.
Close: Exit "SmartGrid" mode.
orange associated dialog box is open
blue associated function is active; for toggle keys: currently active state
gray instrument function is temporarily not available due to a specific setting or missing option
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6.2.3 Context Menus
Operating the Instrument
Accessing Functions
You can hide the softkey display, e.g. when using remote control, in order to enlarge
the display area for the measurement results ("Setup > Display > Displayed Items").
See the User Manual for details.
Several items in the diagram area have context-sensitive menus (for example markers,
traces or the channel bar). If you right-click on one of these items (or tap it for about 1
second), a menu is displayed which contains the same functions as the corresponding
softkey. This is useful, for example, when the softkey display is hidden.
6.2.4 On-screen Keyboard
The on-screen keyboard is an additional means of interacting with the instrument without having to connect an external keyboard.
The on-screen keyboard display can be switched on and off as desired using the "OnScreen Keyboard" function key beneath the screen.
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When you press this key, the display switches between the following options:
●
Keyboard displayed at the top of the screen
●
Keyboard displayed at the bottom of the screen
●
No keyboard displayed
You can use the TAB key on the on-screen keyboard to move the focus from one field
to another in dialog boxes.
6.3 Changing the Focus
Any selected function is always performed on the currently focused element in the display, e.g. a dialog field, diagram, or table row. Which element is focused is indicated by
a blue frame (diagram, window, table) or is otherwise highlighted (softkey, marker etc.).
Moving the focus is most easily done by tapping on the element on the touchscreen.
Alternatively, use the "Tab" key on the on-screen keyboard or the rotary knob to move
the focus from one element to the next on the display.
Operating the Instrument
Entering Data
To move the focus between any displayed diagrams or tables in a window, press the
"Change focus" key on the front panel. The focus moves from the diagram to the first
table to the next table etc. and then back to the diagram, within the same window.
In fullscreen mode, where a single window is displayed in full size on the screen, this
key switches the focus (and the display) from one active window to the next.
6.4 Entering Data
You can enter data in dialog boxes using any of the following methods:
●
Using the touchscreen, via the on-screen keyboard
●
Using other elements provided by the front panel, e.g. the keypad, rotary knob, or
navigation keys
The rotary knob acts like the [ENTER] key when it is pressed.
●
Using a connected external keyboard
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Entering Data
Transparent dialog boxes
You can change the transparency of the dialog boxes to see the results in the windows
behind the dialog box. Thus, you can see the effects that the changes you make to the
settings have on the results immediately.
To change the transparency, select the transparency icon at the top of the dialog box.
A slider is displayed. To hide the slider, select the transparency icon again.
(The title bar of the dialog box is always slightly transparent and is not affected by the
slider.)
Particularities in Windows dialog boxes
In some cases, e.g. if you want to install a printer, original Windows dialog boxes are
used. In these dialog boxes, the rotary knob and function keys do not work. Use the
touchscreen instead.
6.4.1 Entering Numeric Parameters
If a field requires numeric input, the keypad provides only numbers.
1. Enter the parameter value using the keypad, or change the currently used parame-
ter value by using the rotary knob (small steps) or the [UP] or [DOWN] keys (large
steps).
2. After entering the numeric value via keypad, press the corresponding unit key.
The unit is added to the entry.
3. If the parameter does not require a unit, confirm the entered value by pressing the
[ENTER] key or any of the unit keys.
The editing line is highlighted to confirm the entry.
6.4.2 Entering Alphanumeric Parameters
If a field requires alphanumeric input, you can use the on-screen keyboard to enter
numbers and (special) characters (see Chapter 6.2.4, "On-screen Keyboard",
on page 68).
Alternatively, you can use the keypad. Every alphanumeric key represents several
characters and one number. The decimal point key (.) represents special characters,
and the sign key (-) toggles between capital and small letters. For the assignment,
refer to Table 6-4.
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Operating the Instrument
Entering Data
You can change the default behavior of the keypad for text input. This is useful if you
frequently enter numeric values in text fields, for example to define file names consisting of numbers.
For details, see "Number block behavior" on page 341.
To enter numbers and (special) characters via the keypad
1. Press the key once to enter the first possible value.
2. All characters available via this key are displayed.
3. To choose another value provided by this key, press the key again, until your
desired value is displayed.
4. With every key stroke, the next possible value of this key is displayed. If all possi-
ble values have been displayed, the series starts with the first value again. For
information on the series, refer to Table 6-4.
5. To change from capital to small letters and vice versa, press the sign key (-).
6. When you have chosen the desired value, wait for 2 seconds (to use the same key
again), or start the next entry by pressing another key.
To enter a blank
► Press the "Space" bar, or press the "0" key and wait 2 seconds.
To correct an entry
1. Using the arrow keys, move the cursor to the right of the entry you want to delete.
2. Press the [BACKSPACE] key.
The entry to the left of the cursor is deleted.
3. Enter your correction.
To complete the entry
► Press the [ENTER] key or the rotary knob.
To abort the entry
► Press the [ESC] key.
The dialog box is closed without changing the settings.
Table 6-4: Keys for alphanumeric parameters
Key name
(upper inscription)
7 7 µ Ω ° € ¥ $ ¢
8 A B C 8 Ä ÆÅ Ç
Series of (special) characters and number provided
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Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
Key name
(upper inscription)
9 D E F 9 É
4 G H I 4
5 J K L 5
6 M N O 6 Ň Ö
1 P Q R S 1
2 T U V 2 Ü
3 W X Y Z 3
0 <blank> 0 – @ + / \ < > = % &
. . * : _ , ; " ' ? ( ) #
– <toggles between capital and small letters>
Series of (special) characters and number provided
6.5 Displaying Results
The R&S ESW provides several instrument applications for different analysis tasks and
different types of signals, for example the Receiver application, the Spectrum application or the I/Q Analyzer. For each application, a new measurement channel is created
and displayed in a separate tab on the screen.
The results of a measurement channel can be evaluated in many different ways, both
graphically and numerically. For each evaluation method the results are displayed in a
separate window in the tab.
The R&S ESW allows you to configure the display to suit your specific requirements
and optimize analysis.
6.5.1 Activating and Deactivating Channels
When you activate an application, a new measurement channel is created which determines the measurement settings for that application. The same application can be activated with different measurement settings by creating several channels for the same
application. Whenever you switch channels, the corresponding measurement settings
are restored. Each channel is displayed in a separate tab on the screen.
An additional tab ("MultiView") provides an overview of all currently active channels at
once.
Only one measurement can be performed at any time, namely the one in the currently
active channel. However, in order to perform the configured measurements consecutively, a Sequencer function is provided.
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Displaying Results
To start a new channel
1. Select the [Mode] key.
2. In the "Mode" dialog box, select the required application on the "New Channel" tab.
A new tab is displayed for the new channel.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate[:NEW] on page 436/ INSTrument:CREate:DUPLicate
on page 436
To change the application in an active channel
1. Select the tab of the channel you want to change.
2. Select the [Mode] key.
3. In the "Mode" dialog box, select the new application to be displayed on the
"Replace Current Channel" tab.
The selected application is displayed in the current channel.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate:REPLace on page 436
To close a measurement channel
►
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6.5.2 Laying out the Result Display with the SmartGrid
Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
Select the "Close" icon on the tab of the measurement channel.
The tab is closed, any running measurements are aborted, and all results for that
channel are deleted.
Remote command:
INSTrument:DELete on page 437
Measurement results can be evaluated in many different ways, for example graphically,
as summary tables, statistical evaluations etc. Each type of evaluation is displayed in a
separate window in the channel tab. Up to 16 individual windows can be displayed per
channel (i.e. per tab). To arrange the diagrams and tables on the screen, the Rohde &
Schwarz SmartGrid function helps you find the target position simply and quickly.
Principally, the layout of the windows on the screen is based on an underlying grid, the
SmartGrid. However, the SmartGrid is dynamic and flexible, allowing for many different
layout possibilities. The SmartGrid functionality provides the following basic features:
●
Windows can be arranged in columns or in rows, or in a combination of both.
●
Windows can be arranged in up to four rows and four columns.
●
Windows are moved simply by dragging them to a new position on the screen, possibly changing the layout of the other windows, as well.
●
All evaluation methods available for the currently selected measurement are displayed as icons in the evaluation bar. If the evaluation bar contains more icons
than can be displayed at once on the screen, it can be scrolled vertically. The same
evaluation method can be displayed in multiple windows simultaneously.
●
New windows are added by dragging an evaluation icon from the evaluation bar to
the screen. The position of each new window depends on where you drop the evaluation icon in relation to the existing windows.
●
All display configuration actions are only possible in SmartGrid mode. When SmartGrid mode is activated, the evaluation bar replaces the current softkey menu display. When the SmartGrid mode is deactivated again, the previous softkey menu
display is restored.
● Background Information: The SmartGrid Principle..................................................75
● How to Activate SmartGrid Mode............................................................................76
● How to Add a New Result Window......................................................................... 77
● How to Close a Result Window...............................................................................77
● How to Arrange the Result Windows...................................................................... 77
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6.5.2.1 Background Information: The SmartGrid Principle
Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
SmartGrid display
During any positioning action, the underlying SmartGrid is displayed. Different colors
and frames indicate the possible new positions. The position in the SmartGrid where
you drop the window determines its position on the screen.
Figure 6-1: Moving a window in SmartGrid mode
The brown area indicates the possible "drop area" for the window, i.e. the area in which
the window can be placed. A blue area indicates the (approximate) layout of the window as it would be if the icon were dropped at the current position. The frames indicate
the possible destinations of the new window with respect to the existing windows:
above/below, right/left or replacement (as illustrated in Figure 6-2). If an existing window would be replaced, the drop area is highlighted in a darker color shade.
Positioning the window
The screen can be divided into up to four rows. Each row can be split into up to four
columns, where each row can have a different number of columns. However, rows
always span the entire width of the screen and may not be interrupted by a column. A
single row is available as the drop area for the window in the SmartGrid. The row can
be split into columns, or a new row can be inserted above or below the existing row (if
the maximum of 4 has not yet been reached).
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Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
1
A
B
2 223 3
C
1
Figure 6-2: SmartGrid window positions
1 = Insert row above or below the existing row
2 = Create a new column in the existing row
3 = Replace a window in the existing row
SmartGrid functions
Once the evaluation icon has been dropped, icons in each window provide delete and
move functions.
The "Move" icon allows you to move the position of the window, possibly changing the
size and position of the other displayed windows.
The "Delete" icon allows you to close the window, enlarging the display of the remaining windows.
6.5.2.2 How to Activate SmartGrid Mode
All display configuration actions are only possible in SmartGrid mode. In SmartGrid
mode the evaluation bar replaces the current softkey menu display. When the SmartGrid mode is deactivated again, the previous softkey menu display is restored.
► To activate SmartGrid mode, do one of the following:
●
Select the "SmartGrid" icon from the toolbar.
● Select the "Display Config" button in the configuration "Overview".
● Select the "Display Config" softkey from the [MEAS CONFIG] menu.
The SmartGrid functions and the evaluation bar are displayed.
To close the SmartGrid mode and restore the previous softkey menu select the "Close"
icon in the right-hand corner of the toolbar, or press any key.
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6.5.2.3 How to Add a New Result Window
Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
Each type of evaluation is displayed in a separate window. Up to 16 individual windows
can be displayed per channel (i.e. per tab).
1. Activate SmartGrid mode.
All evaluation methods available for the currently selected measurement are displayed as icons in the evaluation bar.
2. Select the icon for the required evaluation method from the evaluation bar.
If the evaluation bar contains more icons than can be displayed at once on the
screen, it can be scrolled vertically. Touch the evaluation bar between the icons
and move it up or down until the required icon appears.
3. Drag the required icon from the evaluation bar to the SmartGrid, which is displayed
in the diagram area, and drop it at the required position. (See Chapter 6.5.2.5,
"How to Arrange the Result Windows", on page 77 for more information on posi-
tioning the window).
Remote command:
LAYout:ADD[:WINDow]? on page 518 / LAYout:WINDow<n>:ADD? on page 522
6.5.2.4 How to Close a Result Window
► To close a window, activate SmartGrid mode and select the "Delete" icon for the
window.
Remote command:
LAYout:REMove[:WINDow] on page 520 / LAYout:WINDow<n>:REMove
on page 523
6.5.2.5 How to Arrange the Result Windows
1. Select an icon from the evaluation bar or the "Move" icon for an existing evaluation
window.
2. Drag the evaluation over the SmartGrid.
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Displaying Results
A blue area shows where the window will be placed.
3. Move the window until a suitable area is indicated in blue.
4. Drop the window in the target area.
The windows are rearranged to the selected layout, and "Delete" and "Move" icons
are displayed in each window.
5. To close a window, select the corresponding "Delete" icon.
Remote command:
LAYout:REPLace[:WINDow] on page 520 / LAYout:WINDow<n>:REPLace
on page 523
6.5.3 Changing the Size of Windows
Each channel tab may contain several windows to evaluate the measurement results
using different methods. A "splitter" allows you to change the size of neighboring windows.
The splitters are not available in SmartGrid mode.
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6.5.4 Switching Between a Split and Maximized Window Display
Operating the Instrument
Getting Help
► To change the size of two neighboring windows, drag the splitter between the win-
dows in either direction.
To get an overview of the results, displaying several windows at the same time may be
helpful. However, the individual windows may become rather small. In this case it is
useful to maximize an individual window to the entire screen temporarily in order to
analyze the results in more detail.
To switch between a split and a maximized display without having to close and re-open
windows, press the [SPLIT/MAXIMIZE] key on the front panel. In maximized display,
the currently focused window is maximized. In split display, all active windows are displayed.
Alternatively, double-tap the title bar of a window to maximize it.
6.5.5 Changing the Display
The display can be optimized for your individual needs. The following display functions
are available and are described in detail in Chapter 13.2, "Display Settings",
on page 305 and Chapter 11.1, "Result Display Configuration", on page 190.
●
Displaying a simulation of the entire front panel of the instrument on the screen
("Front Panel")
●
Displaying the main function hardkeys in a separate window on the screen ("Mini
Front Panel")
●
Hiding or showing various screen elements
●
Selecting a display theme and colors
●
Changing the display update rate
●
Activating or deactivating the touch-sensitivity of the screen
●
Zooming into the diagram
6.6 Getting Help
If any questions or problems concerning the R&S ESW arise, an extensive online help
system is provided on the instrument and can be consulted at any time. The help system is context-sensitive and provides information specifically for the current operation
or setting to be performed. In addition, general topics provide an overview on complete
tasks or function groups as well as background information.
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6.6.1 Calling Up Help
Operating the Instrument
Getting Help
The online help can be opened at any time by selecting one of the "Help" icons on the
toolbar or by pressing the F1 key on an external or the on-screen keyboard.
Calling context-sensitive help
► To display the "Help" dialog box for the currently focused screen element, e.g. a
softkey or a setting in an opened dialog box, select the "Help" icon on the toolbar.
The "Help" dialog box "View" tab is displayed. A topic containing information about
the focused screen element is displayed.
If no context-specific help topic is available, a more general topic or the "Content"
tab is displayed.
For standard Windows dialog boxes (e.g. File Properties, Print dialog etc.), no contextsensitive help is available.
► To display a help topic for a screen element not currently focused:
a) Select the "Help pointer" icon on the toolbar.
The pointer changes its shape to a "?" and an arrow.
b) Select the screen element to change the focus.
A topic containing information about the selected (now focused) screen element is
displayed.
6.6.2 Using the Help Window
The Help window contains several tabs:
●
"View" - shows the selected help topic
●
"Contents" - contains a table of help contents
●
"Index" - contains index entries to search for help topics
●
"Search" - provides text search
The Help toolbar provides some buttons:
●
To browse the topics in the order of the table of contents: Up arrow = previous
topic, Down arrow = next topic
●
To browse the topics visited before: Left arrow = back, Right arrow = forward
●
To increase or decrease the font
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Operating the Instrument
Remote Control
To navigate the Help, use the touchscreen. Alternatively, you can also use the navigation keys on the front panel.
To search for a topic in the index
The index is sorted alphabetically. You can browse the list, or search for entries in the
list.
1. Switch to the "Index" tab.
2. Select the "Keyboard" icon besides the entry field.
3. Enter the first characters of the keyword you are interested in.
The entries containing these characters are displayed.
4. Double-tap the suitable index entry.
The "View" tab with the corresponding help topic is displayed.
To search topics for a text string
1. Switch to the "Search" tab.
2. Select the "Keyboard" icon besides the entry field.
3. Enter the string you want to find.
If you enter several strings with blanks between, topics containing all words are
found (same as AND operator).
For advanced search, consider the following:
● To find a defined string of several words, enclose it in quotation marks. For
example, a search for "trigger qualification" finds all topics with exactly "trigger
qualification". A search for trigger qualification finds all topics that contain the
words trigger and qualification.
● Use "Match whole word" and "Match case" to refine the search.
● Use operators AND, OR, and NOT.
To close the Help window
► Select the "Close" icon in the upper right corner of the help window.
Or: Press the [ESC] key.
6.7 Remote Control
In addition to working with the R&S ESW interactively, located directly at the instrument, it is also possible to operate and control it from a remote PC. Various methods
for remote control are supported:
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6.7.1 Using the LXI Browser Interface in a LAN
Operating the Instrument
Remote Control
●
Connecting the instrument to a (LAN) network (see Chapter 4.5, "Setting Up a Net-
work (LAN) Connection", on page 34)
●
Using the LXI browser interface in a LAN network
●
Using the Windows Remote Desktop application in a LAN network
●
Connecting a PC via the GPIB interface
How to configure the remote control interfaces is described in the User Manual.
The R&S ESW is delivered with IECWIN installed, the auxiliary remote control tool provided free of charge by Rohde & Schwarz.
For details on the IECWIN tool, see the "Network and Remote Control" chapter of the
R&S ESW User Manual.
LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation (LXI) is an instrumentation platform for measuring
instruments and test systems that is based on standard Ethernet technology. LXI is
intended to be the LAN-based successor to GPIB, combining the advantages of Ethernet with the simplicity and familiarity of GPIB. The LXI browser interface allows for
easy configuration of the LAN and remote control of the R&S ESW without additional
installation requirements.
For details see Chapter 4.2.3, "Login", on page 28.
Via the LXI browser interface to the R&S ESW you can control the instrument remotely
from another PC. Manual instrument controls are available via the front panel simulation. File upload and download between the instrument and the remote PC is also
available. Using this feature, several users can access and operate the R&S ESW
simultaneously. This is useful for troubleshooting or training purposes. If necessary,
this feature can be deactivated.
For details see "LXI Web Browser Interface" on page 360.
6.7.2 Remote Desktop Connection
Remote Desktop is a Windows application which can be used to access and control
the instrument from a remote computer through a LAN connection. While the instrument is in operation, the instrument screen contents are displayed on the remote computer. Remote Desktop provides access to all of the applications, files, and network
resources of the instrument. Thus, remote operation of the instrument is possible.
The Remote Desktop Client is part of the installed Windows operating system. For
other versions of Windows, Microsoft offers the Remote Desktop Client as an add-on.
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6.7.3 Connecting a PC via the GPIB Interface
Operating the Instrument
Remote Control
You can connect a PC to the R&S ESW via the GPIB interface to send remote commands to control and operate the instrument. You can configure the GPIB address and
the ID response string. The GPIB language is set as SCPI by default but can be
changed to emulate other instruments.
A GPIB interface is integrated on the rear panel of the instrument.
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Collecting Information for Support
7 Collecting Information for Support
If problems occur, the instrument generates error messages which in most cases will
be sufficient for you to detect the cause of an error and find a remedy.
In addition, our customer support centers are there to assist you in solving any problems that you may encounter with your R&S ESW. We will find solutions more quickly
and efficiently if you provide us with the information listed below.
●
Windows Event Log Files
Windows records important actions of applications and the operating system in
event logs. You can create event log files to summarize and save the existing event
logs (see "To create Windows event log files" on page 84).
●
System Configuration: The "System Configuration" dialog box (in the "Setup"
menu) provides information on:
– Hardware Info: hardware assemblies
– Versions and Options: the status of all software and hardware options instal-
led on your instrument
– System Messages: messages on any errors that may have occurred
An .xml file with information on the system configuration ("Device Footprint") can
be created automatically (using the DIAGnostic:SERVice:SINFo command or
as described in "To collect the support information" on page 84).
●
Error Log: The RSError.log file (in the
C:\Program Files (x86)\Rohde-Schwarz\ESW\<version>\log directory)
contains a chronological record of errors.
●
Support file: a *.zip file with important support information can be created automatically (in the
C:\Program Files (x86)\Rohde-Schwarz\ESW\<version>\user directory). The *.zip file contains the system configuration information ("Device Footprint"), the current eeprom data and a screenshot of the screen display.
To collect the support information
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Select "Service" > "R&S Support" and then "Create R&S Support Information".
The file is stored as
C:\Program Files (x86)\Rohde-Schwarz\ESW\<version>\user\
<inst_model>_<serial-no>_<date_and_time>.zip
The file is stored as
C:\Program Files (x86)\Rohde-Schwarz\ESW\<version>\user\
ESW_*.zip.
To create Windows event log files
1. Select the "Windows Start Button" in the bottom left corner.
2. Type in Event Viewer and select "Enter".
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3. Select and expand "Windows Logs" in the "Console Tree".
4. Right-click on each subsection and select "Save All Events As...".
Figure 7-1: Event Viewer
5. Enter a file name and select "Save"
Collect the error information and attach it to an email in which you describe the problem. Send the email to the customer support address for your region as listed on the
Internet (http://www.customersupport.rohde-schwarz.com).
Packing and transporting the instrument
If the instrument needs to be transported or shipped, observe the notes described in
Chapter 4.1.1, "Unpacking and Checking the Instrument", on page 22.
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Applications
R&S MultiView
8 Applications
The R&S ESW provides several applications for different analysis tasks (for example
the Receiver application or the I/Q Analyzer). When you activate an application, the
R&S ESW creates a new measurement channel which in turn determines the measurement settings for that application. You can use the same application with different
measurement settings by creating several channels for the same application. Each
channel is represented by a separate tab on the screen.
Note that the number of channels may be limited by the available memory of the
R&S ESW.
Switching between applications
When you enter another application for the first time, a set of selected parameters is
passed on from the current application to the other one, for example the measurement
frequency or the attenuation. Thus, you can switch between applications quickly and
easily.
You can also define a fix set of parameters that are synchronized between applications. For more information see Chapter 13.7, "Synchronizing Measurement Channel
Configuration", on page 347.
● R&S MultiView........................................................................................................ 86
● Available Applications............................................................................................. 87
● Starting an Application............................................................................................ 89
● Running a Sequence of Measurements..................................................................90
8.1 R&S MultiView
Each application is displayed in a separate tab. An additional tab ("MultiView") provides
an overview of all currently active channels at a glance. In the "MultiView" tab, each
individual window contains its own channel bar with an additional button. Select this
button to switch to the corresponding channel display quickly.
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Applications
Available Applications
Remote command:
DISPlay:FORMat on page 517
8.2 Available Applications
The R&S ESW provides several applications for specific measurement tasks.
Spectrogram application
Spectrogram measurements are not a separate application, but rather a trace evaluation method, thus they are available as an evaluation method for the Display Configuration, not by creating a new channel. Spectrograms are configured and activated in
the "Trace" settings. See Chapter 11.3.1.3, "Working with Spectrograms", on page 204
for details.
Receiver........................................................................................................................87
CISPR APD...................................................................................................................88
Spectrum.......................................................................................................................88
I/Q Analyzer.................................................................................................................. 88
Analog Demodulation....................................................................................................88
Real-Time Spectrum..................................................................................................... 88
Receiver
The Receiver application provides measurement functions to perform EMC measurements.
All functions of the Receiver application are described in this document.
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Applications
Available Applications
Remote command:
INST:SEL REC, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
CISPR APD
The CISPR APD (Amplitude Probability Distribution) application provides measurement
functions to determine the likelihood of emissions being above a certain level.
For details see Chapter 9.4, "CISPR APD Measurements", on page 137.
Remote command:
INST:SEL APD, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
Spectrum
In the Spectrum application the provided functions correspond to those of a conventional spectrum analyzer. The analyzer measures the frequency spectrum of the RF
input signal over the selected frequency range with the selected resolution and sweep
time, or, for a fixed frequency, displays the waveform of the video signal. This application is used in the initial configuration.
For details refer to the Spectrum Analyzer User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL SAN, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
I/Q Analyzer
The I/Q Analyzer application provides measurement and display functions for I/Q data.
For details see the I/Q Analyzer User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL IQ, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
Analog Demodulation
The Analog Demodulation application provides measurement functions for demodulating AM, FM, or PM signals.
For details see the Analog Demodulation User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL ADEM, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
Real-Time Spectrum
The Real-Time Spectrum application requires an instrument equipped with the RealTime Spectrum option. This application provides real-time measurement functions.
For details see the R&S ESW Real-Time User Manual.
Remote command:
INST:SEL RTIM, see INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
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Applications
Starting an Application
8.3 Starting an Application
Access
► [MODE] > "<application>"
The default application that is running when you start the R&S ESW is the Receiver
application.
The remote commands required to perform these tasks are described in Chapter 15.4,
"Application Selection", on page 435.
The measurement channels are labeled with their default name. If that name already
exists, a sequential number is added.
You can define a different channel name by selecting (double-click) the corresponding
label.
In remote control, the name of the measurement channel can also be changed. For
details and an overview of default names see INSTrument:LIST? on page 437.
Switching between applications
When you enter a new application, a set of parameters is passed on from the current
application to the new one, for example the measurement frequency or the attenuation.
You can also define a fix set of parameters that are synchronized between applications. For more information see Chapter 13.7, "Synchronizing Measurement Channel
Configuration", on page 347.
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Applications
Running a Sequence of Measurements
To deactivate a channel, simply close the corresponding tab.
New Channel.................................................................................................................90
Replace Current Channel..............................................................................................90
Duplicate Current Channel............................................................................................90
New Channel
The applications selected on this tab are started in a new measurement channel, i.e. a
new tab in the display.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate[:NEW] on page 436
INSTrument[:SELect] on page 438
Replace Current Channel
The applications selected on this tab are started in the currently displayed measurement channel, replacing the current application.
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate:REPLace on page 436
Duplicate Current Channel
The currently active channel can be duplicated, i.e. a new channel of the same type
and with the identical measurement settings is started. The name of the new channel is
the same as the copied channel, extended by a consecutive number (e.g. "Spectrum" > "Spectrum 2").
Remote command:
INSTrument:CREate:DUPLicate on page 436
8.4 Running a Sequence of Measurements
Only one measurement can be performed at any time, namely the one in the currently
active channel. However, in order to perform the configured measurements consecutively, a Sequencer function is provided.
● The Sequencer Concept......................................................................................... 90
● Sequencer Settings.................................................................................................93
● How to Set Up the Sequencer.................................................................................93
8.4.1 The Sequencer Concept
The instrument can only activate one specific channel at any time. Thus, only one
measurement can be performed at any time, namely the one in the currently active
channel. However, in order to perform the configured measurements consecutively, a
Sequencer function is provided, which changes the channel of the instrument as
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Applications
Running a Sequence of Measurements
required. If activated, the measurements configured in the currently defined "Channel"s
are performed one after the other in the order of the tabs.
For each individual measurement, the sweep count is considered. Thus, each measurement may consist of several sweeps. The currently active measurement is indicated by a
The result displays of the individual channels are updated in the tabs as the measurements are performed. Sequential operation itself is independent of the currently dis-
played tab.
Sequencer modes
Three different Sequencer modes are available:
●
●
●
symbol in the tab label.
Single Sequence
Similar to single sweep mode; each measurement is performed once, until all measurements in all defined "Channel"s have been performed.
Continuous Sequence
Similar to continuous sweep mode; the measurements in each defined "Channel"
are performed one after the other, repeatedly, in the same order, until sequential
operation is stopped. This is the default Sequencer mode.
Channel-defined Sequence
First, a single sequence is performed. Then, only "Channel"s in continuous sweep
mode are repeated continuously.
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Applications
Running a Sequence of Measurements
Example: Sequencer procedure
Assume the following active channel definition:
Tab name Application Sweep mode Sweep count
Spectrum Spectrum Cont. Sweep 5
Spectrum 2 Spectrum Single Sweep 6
Spectrum 3 Spectrum Cont. Sweep 2
IQ Analyzer IQ Analyzer Single Sweep 7
For Single Sequence, the following sweeps will be performed:
5x Spectrum, 6x Spectrum 2, 2 x Spectrum 3, 7x IQ Analyzer
For Continuous Sequence, the following sweeps will be performed:
5x Spectrum, 6x Spectrum 2, 2 x Spectrum 3, 7x IQ Analyzer,
5x Spectrum, 6x Spectrum 2, 2 x Spectrum 3, 7x IQ Analyzer,
...
For Channel-defined Sequence, the following sweeps will be performed:
5x Spectrum, 6x Spectrum 2, 2 x Spectrum 3, 7x IQ Analyzer,
5x Spectrum, 2 x Spectrum 3,
5x Spectrum, 2 x Spectrum 3,
...
RUN SINGLE/RUN CONT and Single Sweep/Sweep Continuous keys
While the Sequencer is active, the [RUN SINGLE] and [RUN CONT] keys control the
Sequencer, not individual sweeps. [RUN SINGLE] starts the Sequencer in single
mode, while [RUN CONT] starts the Sequencer in continuous mode.
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8.4.2 Sequencer Settings
Applications
Running a Sequence of Measurements
The "Single Sweep" and "Continuous Sweep" softkeys control the sweep mode for the
currently selected channel only; the sweep mode only has an effect the next time the
Sequencer activates that channel, and only for a channel-defined sequence. In this
case, a channel in single sweep mode is swept only once by the Sequencer. A channel
in continuous sweep mode is swept repeatedly.
The "Sequencer" menu is available from the toolbar.
Functions of the Sequencer in the Receiver application described elsewhere:
●
"Performing sequenced measurements" on page 96
Sequencer State........................................................................................................... 93
Sequencer Mode...........................................................................................................93
Sequencer State
Activates or deactivates the Sequencer. If activated, sequential operation according to
the selected Sequencer mode is started immediately.
Remote command:
SYSTem:SEQuencer on page 444
INITiate:SEQuencer:IMMediate on page 444
INITiate:SEQuencer:ABORt on page 443
Sequencer Mode
Defines how often which measurements are performed. The currently selected mode
softkey is highlighted blue. During an active Sequencer process, the selected mode
softkey is highlighted orange.
"Single Sequence"
Each measurement is performed once, until all measurements in all
active channels have been performed.
"Continuous Sequence"
The measurements in each active channel are performed one after
the other, repeatedly, in the same order, until sequential operation is
stopped.
This is the default Sequencer mode.
Remote command:
INITiate:SEQuencer:MODE on page 444
8.4.3 How to Set Up the Sequencer
In order to perform the configured measurements consecutively, a Sequencer function
is provided.
1. Configure a channel for each measurement configuration as required, including the
sweep mode.
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Applications
Running a Sequence of Measurements
2. In the toolbar, select the "Sequencer" icon.
The "Sequencer" menu is displayed.
3. Toggle the "Sequencer" softkey to "On".
A continuous sequence is started immediately.
4. To change the Sequencer mode and start a new sequence immediately, select the
corresponding mode softkey, or press the [RUN SINGLE] or [RUN CONT] key.
The measurements configured in the currently active channels are performed one
after the other in the order of the tabs until the Sequencer is stopped.
The result displays in the individual channels are updated as the measurements
are performed.
To stop the Sequencer
► To stop the Sequencer temporarily, press the highlighted [RUN SINGLE] or [RUN
CONT] key (not for a channel-defined sequence). To continue the Sequencer,
press the key again.
To stop the Sequencer permanently, select the "Sequencer" icon in the toolbar and
toggle the "Sequencer" softkey to "Off".
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Measurements and Result Displays
Performing Measurements
9 Measurements and Result Displays
The measurements and result displays available in the Receiver application allow you
to analyze the frequency spectrum for possible interferers and the characteristics of
those interferers.
● Performing Measurements......................................................................................95
● Bargraph Configuration...........................................................................................97
● Test Automation.................................................................................................... 102
● CISPR APD Measurements..................................................................................137
9.1 Performing Measurements
The R&S ESW provides several approaches to do measurements and acquire the signal data.
Access: [SWEEP]
Functions in the "Sweep" menu described elsewhere:
●
"Measurement Time" on page 100
●
"Selecting the scan type" on page 113
●
"Select Frame" on page 216
●
Chapter 9.3.3.1, "Designing a Scan Table", on page 114
Performing continuous measurements......................................................................... 95
Performing single measurements................................................................................. 96
Performing sequenced measurements......................................................................... 96
Performing continuous measurements
When you measure continuously, the measurement is repeated until you deliberately
stop it.
The duration of each individual measurement cycle (for example a single bargraph
measurement) depends on the measurement time you have set for the measurement
in question. After each measurement cycle, the data of the previous cycle is overwritten and replaced by the new data. Exception: When you are using a max or min hold
function, the application keeps the highest or lowest values and replaces old data only
if the current data contains a new maximum or minimum.
The R&S ESW allows you to select the measurement mode for the bargraph and the
scan separately. When you select a continuous bargraph measurement, IF analysis
(including the spectrogram) is also performed continuously. When you select a continuous scan, the scan spectrogram is also updated continuously. Running a continuous
final measurement is not possible.
▶ To start a continuous scan, press either the [RUN CONT] key on the front panel or
the "Continuous Scan" softkey in the "Sweep" menu.
▶ To start a continuous bargraph measurement, press the "Continuous Bargraph" softkey in the "Sweep" menu.
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Measurements and Result Displays
Performing Measurements
Note: Pressing the [RUN CONT] key again interrupts the scan (see Chapter 9.3.3.2,
"Interrupting a Scan", on page 115) and does not stop it.
Continuous measurements are the default measurement mode.
Remote command:
Selection: INITiate<n>:CONTinuous on page 441
Initialization: INITiate<mt>[:IMMediate] on page 442
Performing single measurements
When you run a single measurement, the measurement is performed once and then
stopped. The duration of the measurement depends on the measurement time.
Note that a single measurement does not necessarily consist of a single measurement.
A single measurement can consist of several measurements, whose number you can
define with the Scan Count. In that case, the measurement stops when all measurements defined by the scan count or bargraph count are done.
The R&S ESW allows you to select the measurement mode for the bargraph and the
scan separately. When you select a single bargraph measurement, IF analysis also
stops when the bargraph measurement stops. Note, however, that the time defined for
a single bargraph measurement can result in more than one update of the IF analysis
trace (including the IF spectrogram). When you select a single scan, the spectrogram
update also stops when the scan stops, but it can consist of several new lines in the
spectrogram, depending on the configuration.
▶ To start a single scan, press either the [RUN SINGLE] key on the front panel or the
"Single Scan" softkey in the "Sweep" menu.
▶ To start a single bargraph measurement, press the "Single Bargraph" softkey in the
"Sweep" menu.
Note: Pressing the [RUN SINGLE] key again interrupts the scan (see Chapter 9.3.3.2,
"Interrupting a Scan", on page 115) and does not stop it.
Note on performing continuous sequenced measurements:
When you are using the sequencer, you can select the measurement mode for each
measurement channel that is part of the sequence.
Thus, the "Single Scan" and "Single Bargraph" softkeys only control the measurement
mode for the currently selected measurement channel (for a channel defined
sequence). In addition, the [RUN SINGLE] key in that case controls the sequencer, not
a particular channel.
Remote command:
Selection: INITiate<n>:CONTinuous on page 441
Single scan or bargraph: INITiate<mt>[:IMMediate] on page 442
Single final measurement: INITiate<mt>:FMEasurement on page 442
Single test sequence: INITiate<mt>:EMITest on page 442
Performing sequenced measurements
When you run a sequenced measurement, you can combine measurements of several
applications into a sequence of measurements. This sequence of measurements is
either performed once (single sequence), indefinitely (continuous sequence) or a mixture of both (channel defined sequence).
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For more information regarding the general functionality of the sequencer, see Chap-
ter 8.4, "Running a Sequence of Measurements", on page 90.
In the receiver application, you can select whether to:
●
Run a bargraph measurement each time the receiver application has its turn.
●
Run a scan each time the receiver application has its turn.
●
Skip measurements in the receiver application.
When you include the bargraph measurement in the sequence, IF analysis (including
the spectrogram) is also done. When you include the scan in the sequence, spectrogram data is also collected (and a peak search and a final measurement are performed
when you have defined a test sequence that covers these measurements).
Note the following effects of performing a scan in a sequence of measurements.
●
Stopping a scan or final measurement aborts that measurement and resumes the
measurement sequence in the next channel.
●
Interrupting a scan is not possible.
●
Interactive final measurements are not available.
Tip: Performing a continuous sequence with a single (bargraph or scan) measurement
resets max hold values every time the sequencer starts a measurement in that receiver
channel. To keep max hold values, use continuous measurements in the channel.
▶ To select the measurement to include in a sequence, select [SWEEP] > "Sequencer"
until the required measurement is highlighted blue.
If you want to include a bargraph measurement and a scan in the sequence of measurements, you have to use two measurement channels.
Remote command:
See Chapter 15.5.2, "Measurement Sequences", on page 443.
9.2 Bargraph Configuration
Access: [MEAS CONFIG] > "Bargraph Config"
Alternatively, you can access the dialog box by clicking on the bargraph once.
The bargraph result display is designed for measurements on a single frequency. It is a
basic result display that shows the signal level at a particular frequency numerically
and graphically as a bargraph. The length of the bar depends on the signal level at the
current receiver frequency. If necessary, you can control the way the signal is evaluated by selecting different detectors.
1 2 3
Figure 9-1: Overview of the bargraph result display
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1 = detectors
3 = measured levels (numerically)
4 = measured levels (graphically)
The results in the bargraph are shown as soon as you enter the receiver application
(for the frequency that is currently selected) and are updated continuously. The unit of
the displayed power level is variable and depends on the unit you have set (by default,
it is dBµV).
The bargraph range is always 100 dB, the minimum and maximum levels that are displayed are automatically adjusted, depending on the measurement configuration.
When auto ranging has been turned off, the range depends on settings like the attenuation or gain. When auto ranging has been turned on, the range is adjusted to the signal level.
The R&S ESW supports the simultaneous use of up to four different detectors in the
bargraph result display. If you select an additional detector, the R&S ESW adds the
corresponding number of bargraphs to the result display. This way to display the signal
levels provides an easy way to compare the signal level with different weighting factors.
Meaning of small vertical lines in the bargraph
Depending on the configuration, the following small vertical lines can appear in the bargraph.
●
A small vertical line with the same color as the bargraph shows the highest value
that has been measured on the currently selected frequency.
●
A small red vertical line with an "SQ" label shows the squelch level that you have
defined for audio output over headphones.
Max hold bargraph
The max hold bargraph information, when it has been turned on, shows the highest
signal level that has been measured since the measurement has begun. The max hold
value remains effective, even if you change any receiver settings (for example the frequency or the attenuation) and is only reset when you deliberately do so. One max
hold value is displayed for each of the active detectors.
When you turn on the max hold information, the diagram information is expanded by
the peak level that has been measured since the max hold has been last reset (as a
numerical value and including the frequency that value has been measured on). If a
new peak level has been detected, the max hold values are updated accordingly.
The live results and the highest signal level for a particular frequency are still shown in
the bargraph diagram as usual.
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Min peak detector levels
Note that for the min peak detector, the peak level is not the highest level, but the lowest level.
1 2
Figure 9-2: Screen layout of the bargraph result display with the max hold information
1 = maximum levels
2 = frequency on which the maximum level has been measured; note that the minimum and RMS peaks
have been measured at frequency different to the current receiver frequency
The "Bargraph" dialog box contains a preview of the measurement and all settings that
you can apply to the bargraph.
Bargraph configuration
When you are performing a scan that is not based on a scan table, the R&S ESW
applies the bargraph settings (detector, measurement time etc.) to the scan.
The remote commands required to configure the bargraph are described in Chap-
ter 15.5.4, "Bargraph Configuration", on page 450.
Functions to configure the bargraph described elsewhere:
●
"Receiver Frequency" on page 178
●
"Detector" on page 133
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Couple to Scan Trace..................................................................................................100
Bargraph Max Hold..................................................................................................... 100
Measurement Time..................................................................................................... 100
Measurement Bandwidth............................................................................................ 101
Filter Type................................................................................................................... 101
Couple to Scan Trace
Couples or decouples the bargraph detector and scan detectors.
Turning on the feature has the following effects.
●
Turns on a scan detector for every active bargraph.
If you add a new bargraph detector, the corresponding scan trace is automatically
turned on.
●
Matches the scan trace number to the number of the bargraph.
If you couple bargraph and scan trace, the R&S ESW replaces the detectors of all
other active scan traces with the new detector type.
Remote command:
DISPlay:BARGraph:TCOupling[:STATe] on page 451
Bargraph Max Hold
Turns the display of the highest level that has been measured on any frequency since
the last "Max Hold Reset" on and off, regardless of the receiver settings.
When you turn on the max hold information, the R&S ESW shows the highest level that
has been measured for each active bargraph (detector), including the frequency where
it was measured.
Note: The little vertical line displayed in the bargraph does not represent the max hold
value. Instead it shows the highest level that has been measured for the current
receiver frequency.
You can reset the max hold bargraph with the "Reset Max Hold" button. After you have
reset the max hold bargraph, it starts collecting maximum values again.
More information
Remote command:
Bargraph state: DISPlay:BARGraph:PHOLd[:STATe] on page 451
Bargraph reset: DISPlay:BARGraph:PHOLd:RESet on page 451
Measurement Time
Defines the measurement time used to analyze the signal.
You can define a different measurement time for the bargraph, each scan range
defined in the scan table and the final measurement. If you perform a scan that is not
based on a scan table (Current parameters), the measurement time for the scan is the
same as for the bargraph.
In addition, you can define a separate measurement time for fixed frequency scans.
Tip: Make sure to select a measurement time that is appropriate for the analyzed sig-
nal and that allows the various filters and detectors in the signal path to settle.
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