2.1 Use ...............................................................................................................................................2.1
2.2 Operating Modes and Control......................................................................................................2.2
IF .............................................................................................................................................. 11.15
Measuring time different from DEFAULT........................................................................................ 12.9
Simultaneous execution of measuring functions...........................................................................12.10
Availability of measuring functions................................................................................................12.10
Further Appendices
Annex K: Command Reference Table
Annex L: Signal and Data Paths
Interface Description
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EM510Contents
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CharacteristicsEM510
2 Characteristics
2.1 Use
The EM510 is designed to cover the frequency range of 9 kHz to 32 MHz. It is made up of a compact
case, power supply modules and the HF receiver module.
The EM510 is controlled via the LAN interface (TCP/IP) based on the SCPI (Standard Commands for
Programmable Instruments) syntax.
It operates in the following modes:
Fixed Frequency Mode (FFM)
Memory Scan
Frequency Scan
Panorama Scan (option)
Test
Data output is possible in the following formats:
Baseband signal (I and Q) in digital form at
– LAN (B
– FPDP (B
IF analog GC, variable center frequency 0 to 21.4 MHz, 2 channels or Video analog, DC to BW/2, 2
channels (AM/FM or I/Q)
Video digital via LAN 2 channels
AM/FM (BW
AES3 for recording digital AF data streams
AF digital via LAN
AF analog (600 line and headphones)
max
max
= 1 MHz)
= 10 MHz)
= 250 kHz) or I/Q (BW
max
max
= 500 kHz)
The EM510 is designed for bench top use. It is also well-suited for mounting in a rack environment.
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2.2 Operating Modes and Control
The Fixed Frequency Mode is the standard mode of the receiver. In this mode a fixed frequency
channel is set at which the signal is received, filtered and demodulated.
The following parameters can be set:
Frequency
Setting range from 9 kHz to 32 MHz in 1 Hz steps
Demodulation mode
The following demodulation modes can be selected:
– FM
– AM
– PULSE (AM PULSE)
– PM
– USB
– LSB
– ISB
– CW
– I/Q
Bandwidth
The IF bandwidths can be selected in 30 steps between 100 Hz and 10 MHz.
Measurement time (automatic or settable between 0.5 ms to 900 s)
Detector modes "continues" or "periodic"
Squelch
The level squelch can be set in 1 dB steps in the range from -30 to +130 dBµV.
AFC (Automatic Frequency Control)
With AFC switched on, the receiver frequency is tuned within the IF bandwidth.
Level detector
For level measurement the detector can be switched to AVG, PEAK, RMS or FAST.
Frequency offset detector
Attenuator
The attenuator operates in manual (0 to 25 dB) or automatic mode.
Gain control (GC)
Automatic (AGC) and manual (MGC) gain control is selectable.
The MGC setting covers the input signal range from -30 to 130 dBµV.
Video Panorama
Spectrum of the demodulated signal with analysis features (squared AM, FM)
IF Panorama (Option)
Independent from IFBW, settable from 10 kHz to 9.6 MHz
ITU Measurement (Option)
AM modulation index (AM+, AM-, AM)
FM deviation (FM+, FM-, FM)
PM deviation (0 to 4π)
Bandwidth (0 to 9.6 MHz)
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CharacteristicsEM510
In the Memory Scan mode, the receiver settings can be programmed for the monitoring of up to 10000
channels. These channels can be scanned with the "Memory Scan" command. A single channel can be
called with the "Recall" command.
The squelch level serves as a criterion for dwelling at the same frequency or switching to the next
channel. lf the level criterion is met, the receiver allows for the selectable dwell time to elapse and then
switches to the next channel.
Parameters selectable for each channel:
Memory location status
Frequency
Demodulation mode
Bandwidth
Attenuator
AFC settings
Squelch parameters
Antenna number
The "Continue" command can be used to switch to the next channel before the dwell time has elapsed.
In the Frequency Scan mode "Start Frequency", "Stop Frequency", and "Frequency Step" are defined
for monitoring a specific frequency range. This frequency range can be scanned with the "Frequency
Scan" command.
The squelch level serves as a criterion for dwelling at the same frequency or switching to the next
frequency. lf the level criterion is met, the EM510 allows for the selectable dwell time to elapse and then
switches to the next frequency. The demodulator settings are fixed for the defined search range. The
"Continue" command can be used in this case to switch to the next frequency before the dwell time has
elapsed.
In Memory Scan or Frequency Scan mode a selectable number of different measurements (e.g. level
offset, AM modulation index, FM deviation, bandwidth) are performed in parallel.
In the Panorama Scan mode the receiver is tuned from start to stop frequency in nearly 10 MHz steps,
performing a high resolution FFT at each step. The resolution bandwidth covers a range from 125 Hz
up to 100 kHz, resulting in an outstanding scan speed of up to 600000 Ch/s or 16 GHz/s.
In the "Fixed Frequency Mode" a comprehensive selftest of the receiver can be performed. The test
can be carried out in full or in a shorter version with only "GO" or "NOGO" being issued.
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2.3 Design
(see Fig. 2-1: Front View, Fig. 2-2: Rear View and Fig. 2-3: Modules)
The EM510 basically consists of the following modules:
Compact case
AC/DCconverter and power supply
HF receiver module
Fans
The compact case corresponds to the 19” standard and can be fitted into any 19” rack. Two brackets
are provided at the sides for rack mounting.
At the rear on the right the interface and RF connectors are located. Three LEDs located above the
10/100 Base-T Ethernet LAN connector indicate link status and activity. On the left there are the mains
input socket with integral fuse holder and the DC source connector for feeding in the mains and DC
supply voltage. Fuse F3 is for the DC supply voltage. The four feet of the compact case protect the
connectors when the case is set down.
At the front the POWER switch, POWER LED and HEADPHONE socket are located.
The HF receiver module is located in the left-hand part of the chassis. It is arranged in such a way that
the RF connections between the receiver and rear connectors are as short as possible. The interface
connectors aredirectly accessible through an opening in the rear panel. The HF receiver module is
designed as a slide-in module with its own front panel indicators and connectors.
The AC/DCconverter and the power supply are located in the right-hand part of the compact case.
The two fans incorporated in the partition panel ensure sufficient cooling of the power supply and the
HF receiver module. There is no temperature-dependent control for adjusting the fan speed.
The fans expel the hotair to the sides. Both side panels are equipped with ventilation slots for drawing
and expelling cooling air. On installing the EM510, sufficient room should be left at the sides of the unit
to ensure an unhindered flow of hot air.
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CharacteristicsEM510
Fig. 2-1: Front View
Fig. 2-2: Rear View
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Fig. 2-3: Modules
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CharacteristicsEM510
2.4 Detailed Description
(see Fig. 2-4: EM510 Detailed Block Diagram)
This section deals with the functions of the major functional blocks.
2.4.1 Power Supply Modules
The EM510 operates either on AC or on DC.
- DC voltage: 12 to 32 VDC
- AC voltage: 100 to 240 VAC (115, 230 VAC nominal) with a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz
If both voltage sources are connected, AC supply operation is favored. If the AC supply fails, switch-
over to battery operation is effected automatically.
The mains connector is provided with two mains fuses (F1, F2) and an EMC filter. The mains fuses
protect the electronic circuits against overload and short circuits. The EMC filter prevents radiated
interference from leaving the equipment and also prevents picked-up and conducted interference from
entering the equipment.
The external AC voltage is fed from the mains connector to the AC/DC converter. This converts the AC
voltage into a DC voltage of 24 V, which is fed to the power supply.
The 12 to 32-VDC voltage is fed directly from the DC input to the power supply.
If the POWER switch on the front panel is on, a switch-over circuit in the power supplyconnects one of
the DC voltages.
The POWER LED indicates whether or not power is being supplied to the power supply.
The power supply contains five DC/DC converters which provide the HF receiver module and the fans
with the required operating voltages. The following stabilized voltages are generated:
All outputs are protected against short circuit and overvoltage. Green LEDs on the power supply
indicate the presence of the DC input and supply voltages.
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2.4.2 HF Receiver Module
The HF receiver module is controlled via the LAN interface X11.
The necessary signal inputs and outputs of the HF receiver module are routed via RF cables to the
connectors on the rear and front panel or are available through the opening in the rear panel.
The RF antenna signal is fed in at connector X1 RF and then taken via RF cable to the RF input of the
HF receiver module. In the digital receiver the received signals are passed through the filters in the
preselection on to the A/D converter, and are subsequently digitally filtered and demodulated to
produce the baseband, video and AF signals. These signals can be transmitted in digital form via the
LAN interface. Together with further output signals for detailed signal analysis and monitoring they are
also made available via the following connectors:
Rear panel:
X6 VIDEO A: Analog video output A for AM and I components
X7 VIDEO B: Analog video output B for FM and Q components
X12a AUDIO: Audio output analog and digital
X14 FPDP: Wideband digital interface. FPDP (Front Panel Data Port) is a platform-independent 32-
bit synchronous data flow path that allows data to be transferred at high speeds (up to 1 Gbit/s),
e.g. AF or baseband signal (I and Q) in digital form.
Front panel:
X10 AF: Phone jack (stereo socket AF_L; AF_R), AF analog headphone output (600 line and
headphones)
For the purposes of synchronization the following inputs and outputs are available on the rear panel:
X8 REF OUT: Output for internal reference signal, f = 10 MHz
X9 REF IN: Input for external reference signal, f = 10 MHz
The HF receiver modulecan use an internal frequency reference or can be set to synchronize to the
external frequency at X9 REF IN to provide even better frequency accuracy and stability.
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CharacteristicsEM510
2.4.3 Fans
The two 12-VDC fans for cooling the power supply and the HF receiver module are supplied with a
reduced voltage of approximately 8 VDC to operate the fans below maximum speed. This increases the
life of the fans and additionally reduces acoustic noise.
The rotation speed of thefans is constant and not controlled as a function of the temperature.
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Fig. 2-4: EM510Detailed Block Diagram
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CharacteristicsEM510
2.5 Accessories
Standard delivery of the EM510 comprises
1 mains connection cable
1 CD set including documentation and firmware & utilities
The delivery note is always included.
A screened battery cable is delivered by Rohde & Schwarz on request.
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Installation and CablingEM510
3 Installation and Cabling
The EM510 is supplied completely assembled except for the handles and mounting brackets (use in
rack),which come separately and must be attached by the user.
3.1 Unpacking and Checking
Unpack the EM510.
Remove the packing material.
Remove the transport shells.
Check all delivered items according to the delivery note.
Screw on the side handles.
Check the EM510 for visible damage that may have been caused in transit.
Contact the transport agents immediately if damage is found.
Note: Keep the packing material for re-use!
3.2 Safety Precautions
Caution: Switching the unit off by means of the POWER switch on the front panel does not
separate the unit from mains power. The mains voltage of 100 to 240 VAC is highly
dangerous. Therefore proceed with extreme care when handling such voltages.
When fitting operating rooms and installing and operating electrical equipment, the relevant national
and international safety provisions and regulations have to be adhered to.
The following safety instructions apply in particular:
IEC 364
VDE 0100
DIN 57100
These safety regulations deal withthe following subjects:
Protection:
Prevention of accidents
Protection against overvoltage
Insulation of equipment
Grounding
Characteristics and laying of lines and cables
Provisions for operational facilities and rooms and systems of a special nature.
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3.3 Bench Operation
Attention: Do not expose the EM510 to humidity.
Leave at least 50 mm of empty space along both side panels with ventilation slots in order
to ensure proper cooling function.
There are no special requirements for bench operation.
To facilitate access to the front panel elements, we suggest that you raise the front of the EM510 by
deploying the unit's feet.
3.4 Rack Mounting
Attention: The EM510 should be used in an area where the ambient temperature does not
exceed –10 to +55 °C.
The EM510 is fan cooled and must be installed with sufficient space on the sides to permit
a free flow of air. Make sure that hot air can escape freely. To ensure sufficient cooling, do
not attach telescopic rails to the sides of the unit.
If the rack is exposed to high ambient temperatures, sufficient ventilation must be ensured for the rack.
Note: Do not remove the enclosure when rack mounting the EM510.
Place the EM510 onto the guide rails of the rack and insert it into the rack. Use the four screws of
the front mounting bracket to fasten the unit to the rack.
3.5 Cabling
Cabling always depends on the particular application involved.
Connect the EM510observing the following sections and instructions for use.
For further connections not mentioned in thefollowing sections refer to the Interfaces Description.
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Installation and CablingEM510
3.5.1 Connection of Power Supply
The EM510 is suitable for AC mains operation as well as DC operation.
Connection of the EM510 both to the mains and the DC source permits AC/DC switch-over, i.e. if there
is a power failure the DC source (battery) will take over automatically.
3.5.1.1 Mains Connection
Attention:
Make sure that the available mains voltage is between 110 and 240 VAC.
The EM510 is connected to the mains voltage by the plug with mains filter on the rear panel.
The power cable is supplied as an accessory.
3.5.1.2 DC Source Connection
Attention:
Make sure that the available supply voltage is between 12 and 32 V.
Observe correct voltage polarity when connecting.
Incorrect polarity may blow the rear panel fuse or damage the EM510.
Note: If MIL-Spec regarding EMC must be fulfilled, a screened battery cable not exceeding 3 m in
length is necessary. It is delivered by Rohde & Schwarz on request.
The EM510 is connected to an external 12 to 32-VDC source (e.g. battery) by the connector X40 12 TO
32 VDC on the rear panel.
Recommended connector: Neutrik SpeakonNL4FX
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EM510Installation and Cabling
Installing the connector:
1.Insert the SpeakonNL4FX connector into the socket X40 on the rear panel.
2.Turn the connector clockwise until it is locked into place and is secured by the safety-latch.
3.Screw on the fitting for the hose (Fig. 3-2).
Removing the connector:
1. Unscrew the fitting for the hose (Fig. 3-2).
2. Press and chuck back the safety-latch of the SpeakonNL4FX connector (Fig. 3-1).
3. Turn the connector counter-clockwise and withdraw it.
Safety-latch
Fig. 3-1: Connector: NeutrikSpeakonNL4FX
Fig. 3-2: Hose Fitting
3.5.2 Antenna Connection
The antenna is connected to socket X1 on the rear panel.
- Frequency range: 9 kHz to 32 MHz
- RF level: -137 to +10 dBm, P
- Z = 50
= 50 mW (+15 dBm)
max
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Installation and CablingEM510
3.5.3 Connection of External Reference (optional)
The EM510 can be set to synchronize to an external frequency. To do so, apply the reference signal for
the synchronization to socket X9 REF IN on the rear panel.
- Frequency range: 1 to 20 MHz
- RF level: 0 to +10 dBm
- Z = 50
Note: If MIL-Spec regarding EMC must be fulfilled, a double screened connecting cable is
necessary.
3.5.4 Connection of Headphones (optional)
Connect the headphones to HEADPHONE socket X10 AF on the front panel.
- Vppmax = 5 V
- Ri= 100
3.5.5 Connection of PC or LAN for Remote Control
Use a LAN crossed-over cable (point-to-point connection) with RJ45 connector to connect the
Ethernet port of the PC directly to the socket X11 LAN (ETHERNET 10/100 BASE-T, RJ45 8-pin
connector) on the rear panel of the EM510.
or
Use a LAN patch cable with RJ45 connector to connect the hub or network to the socket X11 LAN
on the rear panel of the EM510.
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