®
R&S
DDF205
Digital Direction Finder
Getting Started
(X×1å2)
4073.0187.02 ─ 03
Getting Started
Radiomonitoring & Radiolocation
This manual describes the following models and options:
●
R&S®DDF205
●
R&S®DDF205 Digital Direction Finder 4073.0006.03 (with front control panel)
The firmware of the R&S DDF205 makes use of several valuable open source software packages. Please
refer to the "Open Source Acknowledgement" document (4072.8561.02) for a summary of the packages and
the verbatim license texts.
Rohde & Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embedded
computing.
Digital Direction Finder 4073.0006.02 (without front control panel)
© 2012 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Muehldorfstr. 15, 81671 Munich, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
E-mail: info@rohde-schwarz.com
Internet: http://www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
The
following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: R&S®DDF205 is abbreviated as R&S DDF205.
R&S® DDF205
Contents
1 Preparation for Use...............................................................5
1.1 Specific Safety Instructions.................................................................5
1.2 Setup......................................................................................................6
Contents
1.2.1
1.2.2 Rack Mounting........................................................................................8
1.2.3 In-vehicle Mounting.................................................................................8
1.2.4 EMI Protective Measures........................................................................8
1.2.5
1.2.6 Power On and Off.................................................................................10
1.2.7 STANDBY and READY.........................................................................10
1.2.8 Connecting External Accessories.........................................................11
Bench Operation.....................................................................................6
Connecting the R&S DDF205 to the Power Supply................................8
2 Operation..............................................................................13
2.1 Front-Panel Tour.................................................................................13
2.1.1 DDF205 with front control panel...........................................................13
2.1.2 DDF205 without front control panel......................................................15
2.2 Rear-Panel Tour..................................................................................17
2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI)...........................................................19
2.3.1 GUI Layout............................................................................................19
2.3.2
2.3.3 Online Help...........................................................................................36
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
Turning on the R&S DDF205 for the First Time....................................21
2.4
Options for the R&S DDF205.............................................................40
Panorama Scan (R&S DDF205-PS).....................................................40
ITU Measurement (R&S DDF205-IM)...................................................41
HF Frequency Range Extension (R&S DDF205-HF)............................41
SHF Frequency Range Extension (R&S DDF205-FE).........................41
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R&S® DDF205
Contents
2.4.5
2.4.6
2.4.7
2.4.8
Selective Call (R&S DDF205-SL).........................................................41
Digital Down Converter (R&S DDF205-DDC).......................................42
Wideband Direction Finding (R&S DDF205-WDF)...............................44
Correction Data (R&S DDF205-COR)..................................................45
3 Maintenance.........................................................................47
3.1 Cleaning...............................................................................................47
3.2 Storing and Packing...........................................................................47
3.3 Test Points...........................................................................................47
4 Software and Firmware Update..........................................49
4.1 Retrieve Firmware and GUI Versions................................................49
4.2 Receiver Firmware and GUI Update for DDF205 with front control
panel.....................................................................................................50
4.2.1
4.2.2 Update Procedure.................................................................................53
4.3.1 Preparations..........................................................................................59
4.3.2 Firmware Update Using Update32 Tool................................................60
4.4.1 Preparations..........................................................................................64
4.4.2 Installation Procedure...........................................................................65
4.5.1 Using Update32 Tool............................................................................69
4.5.2 Using GUI (DDF205 with front control panel or Remote Access GUI)
Preparations..........................................................................................51
4.3 Receiver Firmware Update for DDF205 without front control panel
..............................................................................................................58
4.4 GUI Installation for Remote Access..................................................64
4.5 Changing the IP Address...................................................................69
..............................................................................................................71
4Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Specific Safety Instructions
1 Preparation for Use
section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S DDF205
This
for the first time.
1.1 Specific Safety Instructions
General safety instructions
Please follow the basic safety instructions included in this documentation as
well as the instructions for setup and connection to prevent personal injury or
damage to the R&S DDF205. This is of particular importance when you use
the R&S DDF205 for the first time.
The following safety instructions apply in particular:
IEC 364
●
VDE 0100
●
DIN 57100
●
These safety regulations deal with the following aspects:
Prevention of accidents
●
Protection against overvoltage
●
Insulation of equipment
●
Grounding
●
Characteristics and laying of lines and cables
●
Provisions for operational facilities and rooms and systems of a special nature
●
5Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Setup
Preparation for Use
Setup
Before
turning on the R&S DDF205, please make sure that the following con-
ditions are fulfilled:
Covers are in place and all fasteners are tightened.
●
Fan openings are unobstructed.
●
Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.
●
Signal outputs are correctly connected and not overloaded.
●
● The R&S DDF205 is dry and shows no condensation.
Non-observance may cause damage to the R&S DDF205 or other devices in
the setup.
The R&S DDF205 is supplied completely assembled except for the handles and
mounting brackets, which must be attached by the user.
1.2 Setup
1.2.1 Bench Operation
Equipment cooling
not expose the R&S DDF205 to humidity. Leave at least 50 mm of empty
Do
space along both side panels in order to ensure proper equipment cooling.
There are no special requirements for desktop use. To facilitate access to the front
panel elements, you should raise the front of the R&S DDF205 by folding out its
standing feet.
6Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Risk of injury
feet may fold in if they are not folded out completely or if the R&S DDF205
The
is shifted. The feet may break if they are overloaded. Fold the feet completely
in or completely out to ensure stability of the R&S DDF205 and personal
safety. To avoid injuries, never shift the R&S DDF205 when its feet are folded
out. The overall load (the R&S DDF205's own weight plus that of any devices
stacked on top of it) on the folded-out feet must not exceed 500 N. Place the
R&S DDF205 on a stable surface. Secure any devices stacked on top of it
against slipping (e.g. by locking their feet on the top front frame). When the
R&S DDF205 is standing on its folded-out feet, do not work under it and do
not put anything under it as this would pose a risk of personal injury or material
damage.
Preparation for Use
Setup
The R&S DDF205 can be used in any of the positions shown here.
7Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Setup
1.2.2 Rack Mounting
Ambient temperature
R&S DDF205 should be used in an area where the ambient temperature
The
does not exceed –10 °C to +55 °C (DDF205 without front control panel) or
0 °C to 55 °C (DDF205 with front control panel), respectively. The
R&S DDF205 is fan-cooled and must be installed with sufficient space along
the sides to ensure a free flow of air. Make sure that there is sufficient space
for hot air to escape from the R&S DDF205. To ensure sufficient cooling do
not attach telescopic rails to the sides of the unit.
1.2.3 In-vehicle Mounting
For use in vehicles, the R&S DDF205 can be powered directly from the vehicle's
battery via the DC input.
1.2.4 EMI Protective Measures
In order to avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI), the R&S DDF205
may only be
operated when it is closed and all shielding covers are in place. Use only appropriate
shielded signal and control cables with proper termination.
1.2.5
Connecting the R&S DDF205 to the Power Supply
Connect the R&S DDF205 observing the following sections and instructions for use.
The R&S DDF205 is suitable only for DC operation.
1.2.5.1 Connecting to the Power Adapter
The R&S DDF205 is connected to the AC supply 100 V to 240 V via an external
AC/DC
power adapter and to the socket X1 (10 VDC to 32 VDC) on the rear panel.
Recommended connector: Neutrik® Speakon® NL4FX (see the figure below).
8Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Setup
Installing the connector:
Insert the Speakon® NL4FX connector into socket X1 on the rear panel.
1.
2. Turn the connector clockwise until it is locked in place and secured by the safety
latch.
Removing the connector:
1. Press and chuck back the safety latch of the Speakon® NL4FX connector.
2. Turn the connector counterclockwise and withdraw it.
Fig. 1-1: Speakon® NL4FX
1.2.5.2 Connecting to the DC Source
The R&S DDF205 is connected to an external 10 VDC to 32 VDC source (e.g.
battery) via connector X1 on the rear panel. Recommended connector: Neutrik®
Speakon® NL4FX, see chapter 1.2.5.1, "Connecting to the Power Adapter",
on page 8.
DC supply voltage
Make sure that the available supply voltage is between 10 V and 32 V.
Observe
correct voltage polarity when connecting. Incorrect polarity may blow
the fuse on the DC converter inside the R&S DDF205 or damage the
R&S DDF205.
9Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Setup
1.2.6 Power On and Off
DC power connection X1 is located at the top left corner of the
The
R&S DDF205 rear panel. With the DC power connected, the
R&S DDF205 is in STANDBY or READY state, depending on the
state of the STANDBY toggle switch at the front panel of the
R&S DDF205 when it was last switched off. The standby power is
below 0.8 W.
1.2.7 STANDBY and READY
The STANDBY key is located at the bottom left corner of the front
panel. With the DC power connected, press the STANDBY key
briefly to switch the R&S DDF205 from the STANDBY to the READY
state and vice versa. In STANDBY state, the amber LED on the right
will turn on and only the power switch circuit is being powered. In this state, it is safe
to remove the DC power and disconnect the R&S DDF205 from the AC/DC power
adapter. In READY state, the green LED on the left is on. The R&S DDF205 is ready
for operation. All modules are being powered and the R&S DDF205 initiates its
startup procedure.
DDF205 without front control panel
In the case of DDF205 without front control panel, the green Power LED doubles as a 'Fail' status LED. In conditions of failure, the LED will turn red instead
of green, as shown in the figures below.
DDF205 without front control panel Ready DDF205 without front control panel in Failure
mode. Refer to the Troubleshooting section in
the Operating Manual for possible actions to
take.
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R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Setup
1.2.8 Connecting External Accessories
1.2.8.1 Connecting a Mouse or Keyboard (DDF205 with front control panel
only)
connect a mouse or keyboard to the USB port on the front
can
You
panel of the R&S DDF205. The mouse or keyboard will be detected
automatically when connected. If you want to connect both at the
same time, you will need a USB hub. It is safe to connect and disconnect the mouse
and keyboard during a measurement.
1.2.8.2 Setting up a LAN Connection
You can connect a LAN cable to the LAN port (X7) on the rear panel
of the R&S DDF205.
To establish a LAN connection, proceed as described below.
1. Re
fer to chapter 4.5, "Changing the IP Address", on page 69 for
the steps needed to set the R&S DDF205’s IP address.
2.
Connect
a
LAN cable to the LAN port. The R&S DDF205 has an internal switch
which automatically detects the type of LAN cable connected so you can use
any standard type of LAN cable to establish a network connection with the
R&S DDF205 (dedicated or non-dedicated).
Dedicated vs. non-dedicated network connections
There are two methods to establish a LAN connection with the R&S DDF205:
● A non-dedicated network (Ethernet) connection from the R&S DDF205 to an
existing network. The R&S DDF205 is assigned an IP address and can coexist
with a computer and with other hosts on the same network.
● A dedicated network connection between the R&S DDF205 and a single com-
puter. The computer must be equipped with a network adapter and is directly
connected to the R&S DDF205. The use of hubs, switches or gateways is not
required; however, data transfer is still made using the TCP/IP protocol.
Please refer to the Operating Manual for the steps to retrieve the IP address by
using the SETUP key.
11Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Preparation for Use
Setup
12Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Operation
Front-Panel Tour
2 Operation
Basic operation of the R&S DDF205 will be described in this chapter. An overview
the front panel, rear panel and graphical user interface (GUI) is explained below.
of
This chapter contains most of the information required to access the various configuration options and settings necessary to get you started operating the
R&S DDF205.
2.1 Front-Panel Tour
2.1.1 DDF205 with front control panel
An overview of the front-panel elements of the DDF205 with front control panel is
given in the paragraphs below.
In the following overview the index numbers refer to the labels in the figure above.
1. Standby key with Ready (green) / Standby (amber) LED indicators.
13Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
2. 5.7", 640 x 480 pixels color TFT display.
3. Utility keys.
ESC terminates an ongoing operation, e.g. by closing a dialog.
●
Operation
Front-Panel Tour
● APPL
ITU (optional), Decode (optional).
● MODE changes the R&S DDF205 from a Fixed Frequency Mode (FFM) to one
of the scanning modes.
SETUP provides access to the setup and configuration dialogs.
●
MENU provides access to operational functions "Snapshot", "Record", "Pre-
●
set", "Zoom +", "Zoom -", "Tests", "File" and "Sanitizing".
MEM provides a shortcut to memory-related dialogs: "Edit", "RCL", "Save" and
●
"Suppress".
● HELP starts the online help system (see chapter 2.3.3, "Online Help",
on page 36).
PANEL toggles between panels to make them active for softkey control.
●
4. Softkeys.
The function of each softkey is dependent on the softkey bar on the display.
5. Receiver Control Keys.
sets the R&S DDF205 to a particular application mode -- Receiver, Video,
● BW selects the demodulation bandwidth (between 100 Hz and 5 MHz).
AFC switches automatic frequency control (AFC) ON or OFF.
●
DET selects the level measurement mode (AVERAGE, PEAK, FAST or RMS).
●
DEMOD selects the demodulation mode (FM, AM, PULS, PM, IQ, ISB, CW,
●
USB, LSB).
6. Select Rollkey & Control.
MARK selects the marker function. The rollkey is used to set marker positions
●
with associated softkeys. Pressing the rollkey toggles marker display.
ATT allows the rollkey to set the RF attenuation level. Pressing the rollkey tog-
●
gles between AUTO and manually set attenuation values.
MGC
●
ulation schemes. Pressing the rollkey toggles between AUTO (AGC) and MGC.
Gain control has no effect on FM and PM.
SQU allows the rollkey to set the squelch level. Pressing the rollkey toggles the
●
squelch activation.
allows the rollkey to set the demodulation level for amplitude related mod-
14Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Operation
Front-Panel Tour
7. Volume Control Rollkey.
The volume of the speaker and headphones is adjusted with this knob. Pressing
knob will toggle the speaker mute. Headphones remain active when the speaker
the
is in mute position.
8. Cursor Left/Right & Main Rollkey.
Cursor LEFT/RIGHT moves the cursor in input fields and scrolls within lists. It
●
also step tunes the frequency by half of the span.
The main ROLLKEY or ROTARY KNOB is a weighted rotary knob which func-
●
tions primarily as a tuning knob. In certain menus, the main rollkey serves as
up/down
key. Pressing the rollkey confirms an entry (equivalent to the ENT key).
9. Data Entry Keys.
The 0~9 keys allow entry of the corresponding number or alphabet, decimal
●
point or symbol.
ENT (Enter) activates the editing mode and also confirms an entry.
●
10. USB 2.0 Port.
Allows a USB 2.0-compliant mouse, keyboard or storage device to be connected.
Maximum current
The maximum current for the USB port is 500 mA.
11. Headphones Jack.
Allows stereo headphones with a 3.5 mm stereo plug to be connected.
2.1.2 DDF205 without front control panel
An overview of the front-panel elements of the DDF205 without front control panel
is given in the paragraph below.
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R&S® DDF205
Operation
Front-Panel Tour
In the following overview, the index numbers refer to the labels in the figure above.
1.
Standby key with Ready (green) or Fail (red) and Standby (amber) LED indi-
cators. The Ready LED also serves as Fail LED, as shown in chapter 1.2.7,
"STANDBY and READY", on page 10
2. Headphones Jack.
Allows stereo headphones with a 3.5 mm stereo plug to be connected.
GUI for remote access
A GUI for remote access is available for the Windows XP platform and is
particularly
functionality similar to the DDF205 with front control panel. Follow the instructions in chapter 4.4, "GUI Installation for Remote Access", on page 64 to
install the external GUI software. A Windows XP machine connected to the
same network as the DDF205 without front control panel, is required.
useful for the DDF205 without front control panel because it gives
16Getting Started 4073.0187.02 ─ 03
R&S® DDF205
Operation
Rear-Panel Tour
2.2 Rear-Panel Tour
The various inputs and outputs located on the rear panel of the R&S DDF205 are
briefly explained in the paragraphs below.
In the following overview, the index numbers refer to the labels in the figure above.
1. X1 Power Supply.
Standard
Speakon NL4FX socket for DC power input. Socket accepts 10~32 VDC
on pin 1+ and ground on pin 1- of connector. Power requirement as indicated.
2. Antenna Inputs.
● X13 Antenna input for HF/V/UHF bands 9 kHz to 6 GHz.
● X14 Antenna input for HF band 9 kHz to 32 MHz.
3. X7 LAN Port.
A 10/100/1000Base-T port for remote control via LAN.
4. Miscellaneous I/O.
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R&S® DDF205
Rear-Panel Tour
X8 VIDEO A, X9 VIDEO B SMA outputs provide analog I-Q baseband or AM
●
FM demodulated signal for further processing. Can also be switched to out-
and
put-controlled analog intermediate frequency (IF) in two channels with an adjustable carrier frequency of 0 Hz to 70 MHz.
● X10 REF IN BNC input for synchronizing with an external 10 MHz reference
frequency normal.
● X11 REF OUT BNC output provides a 10 MHz reference frequency normal for
synchronization of other devices. Frequency normal dependent on selected
internal or external reference.
● X12 GPS/TR IN BNC input for an external 1 sec trigger pulse, e.g. from a GPS
device.
5. AUX / AUX Audio.
X3 AUX AUDIO is a 25-pin D-Sub female connector with the output of different
●
audio signals.
Operation
X4 AUX is a 25-pin D-Sub female connector for controlling external antenna
●
switching units.
6. X2 ANTENNA DF.
A 25-pin D-Sub female connector for controlling direction-finder antennas.
7. Serial Interfaces – EIA 232D Compatible.
X5 COM2, 9-pin D-Sub male connector.
●
X6 COM1, 9-pin D-Sub male connector.
●
X5 and X6 can be used for:
Serial GPS devices according to the NMEA0183 standard. Either one of the X5
●
or X6 connectors can be used for an external GPS device, to determine the
location and the exact time of the R&S DDF205.
Serial compass devices according to the NMEA0183 standard. Use this con-
●
nector for an external compass device to determine the direction of your vehicle.
This will mostly be used in combination with direction finding.
8. Grounding Post for Earth / Chassis Ground.
Signal Interfaces
All I/O, RF, signal interfaces (X2-X6, X8-X14) must be operated with double
shielded cables.
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R&S® DDF205
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Interface X7 LAN
A CAT7 LAN cable must be used for this Gigabit capable interface.
Operation
2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI)
This chapter provides a short description of the graphical user interface of the
R&S DDF205.
2.3.1 GUI Layout
Following is an overview of the layout and individual elements of the graphical user
interface.
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R&S® DDF205
Operation
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
In the table below follows the description of the different panels, according to the
panel number indicated in the figure above.
Panel
No.
Description
1 Basic receiver parameters
2 Icons
Shows
the R&S DDF205:
one or several of the following icons to indicate a specific function or condition of
Compass connected.
GPS connected.
Configuration: using external reference.
Receiver overflow.
Recording in progress.
Marker selected.
Speaker is off.
Speaker is on.
Audio signal is available in stereo at current frequency.
The R&S DDF205 is not locked.
The R&S DDF205 is locked by another client. Access is not possible.
The R&S DDF205 is locked. Only the current operator can make changes
(exclusive write access).
A critical error occurred in the receiver. The "Test Points"
more information.
3 Mode
Shows the current receiver mode, e.g. FFM, PScan, FScan or MScan. The current date
and time is also shown.
4 Frequency
Shows the current receiver frequency. As this is the most important parameter, it is displayed much larger than the remaining parameters.
dialog will provide
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R&S® DDF205
Operation
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Panel
No.
Description
5 Measurement parameters
Shows
bar graph). The squelch level is also shown by means of an indicating marker in the bar
graph.
6 Panel area
The panel area is used for displaying the various panels of the R&S DDF205 (spectrum
and waterfall are shown).
●
●
●
7 Softkeys
Softkeys change their function based on the panel that is in focus. They show paneldependent parameters, e.g. "SPAN" and "STEP" for IF panel and IF Waterfall panel.
Other softkeys are only related to e.g. RF panel, RF Waterfall panel etc.
Softkeys
of the Utility keys is pressed or in case DET or MARK is pressed.
Softkeys can also provide the option for selecting a unit (kHz, MHz etc) e.g. when keyingin a frequency, they can provide additional functionality when editing input fields in dialogs, e.g. backspace or caps lock. Finally they can serve as shortcut keys for navigating
through tables in dialogs, e.g. in the "Memory Setup" dialog or through the "Help" pages.
the basic measurement parameters (level and frequency offset; numerically and
The light cyan color of the scale bar indicates that the panel is in focus: softkey
operations affect the panel (see below). A marker to show the squelch level relative
to the trace level is also displayed.
The green bar around the demodulation frequency marking denotes the DF bandwidth. The DF Bandwidth is a function of the FFT Step Size and the Selectivity.
On the right side, the rainbow colored bar indicates the color that is mapped to the
corresponding spectrum level for the waterfall display.
can be related to hardkeys: they can e.g. provide selection options in case one
2.3.2
Turning on the R&S DDF205 for the First Time
Upon power on, the R&S DDF205 is always defaulted into the Fixed Frequency
Receiver Mode (reference to Operating Manual). In this mode, the R&S DDF205
behaves as a normal receiver with the screen as shown in chapter 2.3.1, "GUI
Layout", on page 19. Upon power on the speaker will always be muted.
2.3.2.1 Unmute the speaker
The volume of the speaker and headphones is adjusted with the
VOLUME
KNOB. Pressing the knob will mute / unmute the speaker.
Headphones remain active when the speaker is in mute position.
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R&S® DDF205
Operation
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
2.3.2.2 Setting Date and Time
1. Press the SETUP key to open the Setup Menu.
Select the "Config" softkey to open the Configuration Menu.
2.
3. Select the "More 1 / 2" softkey.
4. Select the "Date & Time" softkey.
5. The dialog box for setting the date and time will appear. Set the appropriate date
and time using CURSOR LEFT / CURSOR RIGHT & ROTARY KNOB. "Backspace" can be found in the softkey bar whenever a field is in the edit mode. When
a field is in edit mode (whether it is minutes, seconds, hours etc), it will not be
updated. The R&S DDF205 time will be set to the new time once the field gets
out of edit mode.
6. In the same dialog box there are fields to configure the time zone. Select "Set
Time Zone" to activate the newly configured time zone.
7. Next there are fields to set the time source.
8. The internal real-time clock will provide the time source at startup. In case a GPS
receiver is connected, the time source can be changed to GPS.
9. The last part of the dialog provides fields to retrieve the time from a Network
Time Server. Key-in the IP address of a Time Server, check the checkbox and
press "Get Time and Date" in order to get the time provided by the Time Server.
10. Press ESC to return to the previous menu.
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