Rohde and Schwarz TMU91 Setup Manual

R&S®Tx9

For information only!
This manual, dated April 25, 2014 reflects the
technical status as of that date. There may
have been technical changes since that time.

Transmitter System

Operating Manual

(E9é:2)

2109.9110.02 ─ 07

Broadcasting

Operating Manual

© 2014 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG

Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany

Phone: [phone] - 0

Fax: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail]

Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com

Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.

R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.

Trade names are trademarks of the owners.

The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: R&S®XYZ1234 is abbreviated as R&S XYZ1234.

Quality management

Certied Quality System

ISO 9001

and environmental
management

Sehr geehrter Kunde,

Sie haben sich für den Kauf
eines Rohde & Schwarz Produk­tes entschieden. Sie erhalten
damit ein nach modernsten Fer­tigungsmethoden hergestelltes
Produkt. Es wurde nach den
Regeln unserer Qualitäts- und
Umweltmanagementsysteme
entwickelt, gefertigt und geprüft.
Rohde & Schwarz ist unter ande­rem nach den Managementsys­temen ISO 9001 und ISO 14001
zertifiziert.

Der Umwelt verpflichtet

❙ Energie-efziente,

RoHS-konforme Produkte

❙ Kontinuierliche

Weiterentwicklung nachhaltiger
Umweltkonzepte

❙ ISO 14001-zertiziertes

Umweltmanagementsystem

Dear customer,

You have decided to buy a
Rohde & Schwarz product. This
product has been manufactured
using the most advanced meth­ods. It was developed, manufac­tured and tested in compliance
with our quality management
and environmental manage­ment systems. Rohde & Schwarz
has been certified, for exam­ple, according to the ISO 9001
and ISO 14001 management
systems.

Environmental commitment

❙ Energy-efcient products
❙ Continuous improvement in

environmental sustainability

❙ ISO 14001-certied

environmental management
system

Certied Environmental System

ISO 14001

Cher client,

Vous avez choisi d’acheter un
produit Rohde & Schwarz. Vous
disposez donc d’un produit
fabriqué d’après les méthodes
les plus avancées. Le dévelop­pement, la fabrication et les
tests de ce produit ont été effec­tués selon nos systèmes de
management de qualité et de
management environnemental.
La société Rohde & Schwarz a
été homologuée, entre autres,
conformément aux systèmes
de management ISO 9001 et
ISO 14001.

Engagement écologique

❙ Produits à efcience

énergétique

❙ Amélioration continue de la

durabilité environnementale

❙ Système de management

environnemental certié selon

ISO 14001

1171.0200.11 V 05.01

1171020011

Customer Support

Technical support – where and when you need it

For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support
Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a
solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde & Schwarz
equipment.

Up-to-date information and upgrades

To keep your instrument up-to-date and to be informed about new application notes related to your
instrument, please send an e-mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish.
We will take care that you will get the right information.

Europe, Africa, Middle East

North America

Latin America

Asia/Pacific

China

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone 1-888-TEST-RSA (1-888-837-8772)

[e-mail]

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone [phone]

[e-mail]

Phone [phone] /
[phone]

[e-mail]

1171.0200.22-06.00

R&S®Tx9

Contents

Contents

1 Information about this Manual..............................................................9

2 Safety Instructions...............................................................................11

2.1 Safety Instructions for Transmitter Systems and Equipment................................ 11

2.2 General Safety Instructions....................................................................................... 12

2.2.1

2.3.1 Hazards from AC Supply Voltage................................................................................. 19

2.3.1.1 AC Power Supply.......................................................................................................... 19

2.3.1.2 Changing Fuses............................................................................................................ 19

2.3.2 Hazards from High‑Energy Electric Circuits..................................................................19

2.3.3 Hazards from RF Radiation...........................................................................................20

2.3.3.1 Obligation to Instruct Personnel.................................................................................... 20

2.3.3.2 RF Shielding..................................................................................................................20

2.3.3.3 Rules When Operating an Amplifier..............................................................................20

2.3.3.4 Rules When Working on an Open Amplifier..................................................................21

2.3.4 Conditions for Assembly Work on Cooling System.......................................................21

2.3.5 Safety Data Sheets for Hazardous Substances............................................................22

Safety Instructions.........................................................................................................12

2.3 Special Hazard Information........................................................................................19

3 Introduction to Operation....................................................................23

3.1 Operation via R&S TDU900........................................................................................ 23

3.1.1 Opening Display............................................................................................................23

3.1.2 Closing Display............................................................................................................. 23

3.1.3 Using Touchscreen Function........................................................................................ 23

3.2 Operation via Browser................................................................................................24

3.2.1 Connection Setup and Login.........................................................................................26

3.3 Structure of User Interface.........................................................................................26

3.3.1 Elements of User Interface............................................................................................26

3.3.2 Views.............................................................................................................................27

3.3.3 Basic Functions on Menu Bar....................................................................................... 28

3.3.3.1 Logbook........................................................................................................................ 29

3.3.3.2 Help...............................................................................................................................29

3.3.3.3 Local/Remote................................................................................................................ 29

3Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Contents

3.3.3.4 Login/Logout................................................................................................................. 29

3.3.3.5

3.3.3.6 Task View......................................................................................................................30

3.3.4 Navigation..................................................................................................................... 30

3.3.5 Input Fields....................................................................................................................30

3.3.6 Editors........................................................................................................................... 30

3.3.6.1 Numeric Editor.............................................................................................................. 31

3.3.6.2 Text Editor.....................................................................................................................31

3.3.7 Special Tasks................................................................................................................31

3.3.7.1 Finding an Error............................................................................................................ 31

3.3.7.2 Managing Users............................................................................................................ 32

3.3.8 Logbook........................................................................................................................ 32

3.3.8.1 Intelligent Filtering......................................................................................................... 32

3.3.8.2 Chronological View....................................................................................................... 33

3.3.8.3 Manual Filter (Filter/Options).........................................................................................35

3.3.8.4 Scroll Function.............................................................................................................. 36

Device View.................................................................................................................. 29

4 Device View Description......................................................................39

4.1 System Overview........................................................................................................ 39

4.1.1 Forward Power..............................................................................................................39

4.1.2 Reflected Power............................................................................................................40

4.1.3 Transmitter.................................................................................................................... 40

4.1.4 N+1 Redundancy.......................................................................................................... 41

4.1.4.1 Manual Switchover........................................................................................................41

4.1.4.2 Automatic Switchover....................................................................................................41

4.1.4.3 Configuring N+1 Automatic Function............................................................................ 41

4.2 Transmitter.................................................................................................................. 43

4.2.1 Automatic Switchover....................................................................................................44

4.2.1.1 Automatic Input Signal.................................................................................................. 44

4.2.1.2 Automatic Exciter Switchover........................................................................................47

4.2.2 Transmitter Status.........................................................................................................48

4.2.3 Amplifiers...................................................................................................................... 49

4.2.4 Rack.............................................................................................................................. 64

4.2.5 Output Stage................................................................................................................. 65

4Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Contents

4.3 Exciter DVB-T2............................................................................................................ 65

4.3.1

4.3.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power............................................................ 74

4.3.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................... 75

4.3.3.1 Configuring Physical Inputs...........................................................................................75

4.3.3.2 Input Signal Switchover.................................................................................................80

4.3.4 Controlling Time of Transmission in Single-Frequency Networks (SFN)...................... 82

4.3.4.1 Settings......................................................................................................................... 84

4.3.5 Using Frequency Control.............................................................................................. 86

4.3.6 Precorrection at ATV.....................................................................................................88

4.4.1 Coder for DVB-T........................................................................................................... 92

4.4.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power............................................................ 96

4.4.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................... 96

4.4.3.1 Configuring Physical Inputs...........................................................................................96

4.4.3.2 Input Signal Switchover...............................................................................................101

4.4.4 Controlling Time of Transmission in Single-Frequency Networks (SFN).................... 104

Coder for DVB-T2......................................................................................................... 65

4.4 Exciter DVB-T.............................................................................................................. 92

4.4.4.1 Settings....................................................................................................................... 106

4.4.5 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 108

4.4.6 Precorrection...............................................................................................................110

4.5 Exciter ISDB-T........................................................................................................... 116

4.5.1 Coder for ISDB-T........................................................................................................ 116

4.5.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power.......................................................... 121

4.5.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................. 122

4.5.3.1 Configuring Physical Inputs.........................................................................................122

4.5.3.2 Input Signal Switchover...............................................................................................127

4.5.4 Controlling Time of Transmission in Single-Frequency Networks (SFN).................... 129

4.5.4.1 Settings....................................................................................................................... 132

4.5.5 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 134

4.5.6 Precorrection...............................................................................................................136

4.6 Exciter ATSC............................................................................................................. 142

4.6.1 Coder for ATSC...........................................................................................................142

4.6.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power.......................................................... 144

5Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Contents

4.6.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................. 145

4.6.3.1

4.6.3.2 Input Signal Switchover...............................................................................................150

4.6.4 Controlling Time of Transmission in Single-Frequency Networks (SFN).................... 152

4.6.4.1 Settings....................................................................................................................... 155

4.6.5 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 157

4.6.6 Precorrection...............................................................................................................160

4.7.1 Coder for DTMB.......................................................................................................... 165

4.8.1 Coder for ATV............................................................................................................. 169

4.8.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power.......................................................... 175

4.8.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................. 176

4.8.4 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 179

4.8.5 Precorrection at ATV...................................................................................................181

4.9.1 Coder for DAB.............................................................................................................187

Configuring Physical Inputs.........................................................................................145

4.7 Exciter DTMB.............................................................................................................165

4.8 Exciter ATV................................................................................................................ 169

4.9 Exciter DAB............................................................................................................... 187

4.9.2 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 189

4.9.3 Precorrection...............................................................................................................191

4.10 Exciter FM.................................................................................................................. 197

4.10.1 Coder for FM............................................................................................................... 197

4.10.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power for FM...............................................199

4.10.3 Signal Feed................................................................................................................. 200

4.10.3.1 Configuring Physical Inputs.........................................................................................200

4.10.3.2 Input Signal Switchover...............................................................................................203

4.10.4 Using Frequency Control............................................................................................ 204

4.11 Switchless Combiner................................................................................................207

4.11.1 Settings....................................................................................................................... 208

4.12 Cooling System......................................................................................................... 210

4.12.1 Liquid Cooling (High‑Performance).............................................................................210

4.12.1.1 Configuring Switching Thresholds (Pressure) and Flow Volumes.............................. 210

4.12.1.2 Configuring Fans and Pumps......................................................................................213

4.12.1.3 Status of Cooling System............................................................................................214

6Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Contents

4.12.2 Small Cooling – Simplified Liquid Cooling System (FM Transmitter)..........................214

4.12.2.1

4.12.2.2 Status.......................................................................................................................... 215

4.12.3 Air Cooling (Medium‑Power)....................................................................................... 217

Configuration of Cooling System.................................................................................215

5 Task View Description....................................................................... 219

5.1 Basic Settings........................................................................................................... 219

5.2 Parameters: Input Configuration............................................................................. 227

5.3 System Control..........................................................................................................229

5.3.1 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)......................................................... 229

5.3.1.1 General....................................................................................................................... 229

5.3.1.2 Settings on Transmitter End........................................................................................229

5.3.1.3 Settings on Manager End............................................................................................230

5.3.1.4 Which MIBs Must Be Used?....................................................................................... 232

5.3.1.5 Which OIDs from a MIB Must Be Used?.....................................................................233

5.3.1.6 Setting Alarms.............................................................................................................234

5.3.1.7 Testing the SNMP Communications........................................................................... 235

5.3.1.8 Setting Alarms Using SNMP....................................................................................... 236

5.3.1.9 Type plates - the ENTITY MIB.................................................................................... 238

5.4 Maintain Software..................................................................................................... 240

5.4.1 Software Update......................................................................................................... 240

5.4.2 Backup/Restore...........................................................................................................242

5.5 Options.......................................................................................................................244

6 Operating the Device Manager......................................................... 247

6.1 Basic Settings........................................................................................................... 247

7 User Administration...........................................................................257

7.1 Creating New User Profiles...................................................................................... 257

7.2 Changing User Profiles (Users and Access Rights)..............................................257

7.3 Deleting User Profiles...............................................................................................258

7.4 Closing Active Sessions.......................................................................................... 258

7Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Information about this Manual

1 Information about this Manual

This manual is part of the documentation for the R&S THU9 transmitter family from
Rohde & Schwarz. The individual manuals for the transmitter family have a modular
structure and complement each other.

Structure

The system manual, which is the central and overarching part of the overall documen­tation, describes all the steps involved in installing a transmitter.

Operation of the transmitter system after installation and the steps required to put the
system into operation are described in the operating manual.

The service manual describes all maintenance, troubleshooting and service tasks that
customers can carry out themselves. At certain points in the transmitter manual, the
reader is referred to the appropriate operating manual or service manual.

Contents

The manuals for the transmitter family describe all activities required for installation,
startup, operation, maintenance, troubleshooting and servicing of the transmitter and
its component parts. The appendix contains the interface descriptions and the techni­cal documentation.

Safety

All skilled personnel working with a transmitter or its components have a duty to read
the associated manuals and to follow the safety measures described in the section
"Safety" and given at appropriate points in the manual. It must be ensured that the
transmitter and the individual components of the transmitter are used only for their
intended use. All activities connected with the transmitter or individual transmitter com­ponents must be carried out by skilled personnel. If activities require additional skills
and qualifications, this is indicated at the appropriate points in the manual.

Symbols and notation

The "warning triangle" symbol refers the reader to potential hazards. The degree of
danger is indicated by different signal words next to the warning symbol.

Instructions are given in numbered steps. All other formatting options are intended to
improve clarity and are self‑explanatory.

9Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Operation via R&S TDU900

3 Introduction to Operation

The R&S TDU900 is a display unit with a touchscreen function and a graphical user
interface for configuring Tx9 transmitter systems.

3.1 Operation via R&S TDU900

3.1.1 Opening Display

When in the idle state, the display is inside the R&S TDU900 operating unit.

Unlock the display by pressing firmly on the trapezoidal area.

1.

2. The display slowly slides forward out of the instrument.

3. Tilt the display until you have reached the most ergonomically comfortable angle
for operation.

3.1.2 Closing Display

1. Tilt the display to a horizontal position until you feel the display engage.

2. Push the display all the way into the R&S TDU900 housing until the display
engages in the transport lock.

3. The display illumination automatically switches off in this state.

Tip: Close the operating unit during long periods of inactivity to prolong the service
life of the backlighting.

3.1.3 Using Touchscreen Function

The display has a touchscreen function for operating all of the transmitter functions.

Using sharp‑edged objects can damage or destroy the surface. Therefore only use
your finger to operate the touchscreen.

1. A light touch on a button is enough to trigger a user action.

2.

A button lights up orange for as long as your finger remains there. The action is not
carried out until you remove your finger from the button.

23Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Operation via Browser

Tip: To cancel an inadvertently selected action, slide your finger to the side away
from the button highlighted orange and then lift your finger off the touchscreen.

3.2 Operation via Browser

The graphical user interface (GUI) of the Tx9 transmitter series has been implemented
in JAVA to ensure optimum user experience. Java technology provides maximum com­patibility between different versions of operating systems and browsers.

Supported operating systems

Windows XP, Windows Vista (32 bit version)

●

Windows 7 (32 bit and 64 bit version)

●

Windows 8 (32 bit and 64 bit version)

●

Supported browsers

Google Chrome

●

Mozilla Firefox

●

Internet Explorer 7

●

Internet Explorer 8

●

Internet Explorer 9 (32 bit version)

●

Internet Explorer 10 (32 bit and 64 bit desktop version)

●

Supported JAVA virtual machines

Oracle (previously: Sun) JRE 7 in 32 bit version

●

Troubleshooting

You can ensure trouble‑free operation of the GUI in a browser by installing the browser
and the Java VM with their default settings on a computer configured with its factory
settings.

The following solutions are available if the computer settings differ from the standard
installation and there are problems:

The 64 bit version of Internet Explorer 9 is not supported

●

The 32 bit version, which is also installed, must be used

–

– Use another browser, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

Internet Explorer 10 is to be used on a 64 bit operating system (Windows 7/8):

●

"Enhanced Protection Mode" must be disabled in the browser under "Tools >
Options > Advanced" (this is the default setting).

Windows 8 Modern UI (previously: Metro) does not support Java.

●

– Start the desktop version of Internet Explorer 10 from the desktop.

– Start Google Chrome or Firefox from a link in Modern UI.

The error message "Application blocked by security settings" appears on the login

●

page.

24Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Operation via Browser

Set the security level to "High" in the Java Control Panel and restart the browser.

Only a 64 bit Java runtime environment (JRE) is installed.

●

Remove the 64 bit JRE and install the 32 bit version.

A 64 bit JRE is installed and required by another application (unlikely)

●

Install a 32 bit JRE to run in parallel with the 64 bit version.

You can determine the Java version (32 or 64 bit) as follows:

Open an input prompt window (Start > Run > Open, insert "cmd" and press <OK>)

●

Enter: java -d32 -version

●

The version number is shown if a 32 bit JRE is installed, otherwise an error mes-

●

sage appears.

Java security

In order to ensure the optimum protection against malicious software (malware), the
user interface for the Tx9 transmitter series has been implemented in Java. Java tech­nology eliminates the need to run potentially unsafe ActiveX or Flash plug‑ins in your
browser. Java offers numerous security functions:

Java security settings

●

The security level in the Java Control Panel should be set to "High". A correspond­ing security warning appears then appears when opening a website with Java con­tents; you have to acknowledge this message. This prevents Java programs from
untrusted websites from being started unintentionally.

Detecting a secure browser

●

The Java version installed on the computer should be displayed at the bottom left
corner of the login page only after the security notice for running Java code has
been confirmed. If the Java version is displayed without confirming the security
notice, then you are using an unsecured browser or an outdated version of Java on
your computer.

Detecting the right web server

●

The security notice for running the Java code shows the IP address of the transmit­ter that loaded the Java code to the browser.

Transmitters in the Tx9 series are protected against malware by various security meas­ures. Nevertheless, it is important to follow this general information on security to pro­tect other computers in the same network against malware:

Always keep your browser updated to the latest version!

●

Always update your Java runtime environment to the most recent version immedi-

●

ately after starting your browser.

Avoid using unsecured browsers, such as MS Internet Explorer 7.

●

Always use a firewall to display Internet pages from servers outside your LAN.

●

The transmitter should be accessible within its protected intranet at all times. If this

●

is not technically feasible, take additional measures to secure communications
between the transmitter and browser (e.g. via a VPN).

25Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

3.2.1 Connection Setup and Login

1. Create a physical network connection to the transmitter. The following options are
available:

a) Remote access via WAN (Wide Area Network)
b) Local access directly to a transmitter using a LAN cable

2. Start the browser and enter the following information in the address bar:

a) IP address of the transmitter

The website for operating the transmitter is called (login page).

3. Enter your user name and password.

Note: The following login information is preconfigured at the factory

● User name: Query

Password: 1234

● User name: Operation

Password: 1234

● User name: Maintenance

Password: 1234

● User name: Configuration

Password: 1234

Change the user names and passwords after logging in for the first time chap-

ter 3.3.7.2, "Managing Users", on page 32.

After successfully logging in, the actual user interface is displayed.

3.3 Structure of User Interface

3.3.1 Elements of User Interface

The user interface is composed of the following elements:

Menu bar:

●

The menu bar provides access to the most important functions.

System status:

●

This display provides a constantly visible, general overview of the entire system
status.

Path bar:

●

The path bar shows the current position within the menu structure and provides the
ability to quickly return to higher menu levels.

Working area:

●

The various tasks and configuration steps are carried out in the working area.

26Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

1 = Menu bar
2 = System status
3 = Path bar
4 = Working area

3.3.2 Views

The user interface provides two different views of the transmitter system:

Device View

●

Task View

●

Device View

In this view, all of the transmitter's functions are structured in the form of block dia­grams. All parameters relevant to operation are accessible.

27Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

Fig. 3-1: Hierarchical structure of a transmitter system

1 = View at transmitter system level
2 = View at single transmitter level
3 = View at exciter level

Task View

This view combines certain, frequently recurring tasks. A task includes exactly those
cross‑instrument parameters which are required for working on this task. All of the
parameters relevant to startup and maintenance are accessible.

Certain parameters are only accessible in the Task View.

3.3.3 Basic Functions on Menu Bar

All of the functions of a R&S TDU900 required for basic operation of a transmitter are
combined on the menu bar.

The following functions are available:

Logbook

●

Help

●

Local/Remote

●

Login/Logout

●

28Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View

●

Task View.

●

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

3.3.3.1 Logbook

The logbook is used for logging all system events and for troubleshooting and error
analysis.

3.3.3.2 Help

This button is used to activate the help function. The following steps must be per­formed:

Press the Help button.

1.

All of the elements for which help information is available are identified by a blue
frame.

2. Select the desired element.

The corresponding help information is shown in a separate window.

3.3.3.3 Local/Remote

The transmitter can be operated via both local access and via remote access.

The Local/Remote button allows you to toggle between the two types of access.

The transmitter can be switched from remote operation to local operation from at any
time.

For safety reasons, remote operation is not possible if the system is currently being
operated locally.

The current status (L = Local, R = Remote) is shown directly on the Local/Remote but­ton. The corresponding status of each transmitter is shown individually for multi‑trans­mitter systems.

3.3.3.4 Login/Logout

The login dialog allows a user to log in or log out of the system.

3.3.3.5 Device View

This button is used to switch to the Device View.

29Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

3.3.3.6 Task View

This button is used to switch to the Task View.

3.3.4 Navigation

The Device View is used to navigate through the transmitter menus. Pressing one of
the visibly raised block diagram elements allows you to navigate further into the trans­mitter structure. Parameters that may be spread out over multiple tabs are located on
the lowest menu level. A path bar is shown at the bottom of the screen. :

This has two functions:

Displaying the current menu level

●

Returning to higher menu levels

●

3.3.5 Input Fields

Additional information regarding the editability of respective parameters is visualized
using icons on the display and input fields. The various display forms have the follow­ing meaning:

●

This value can be edited without restriction.

●

This value can be edited, but has no effect in the current configuration.

●

This value has been changed and has not yet been stored in a preset.

●

This value cannot be edited with the user rights currently in effect.

3.3.6 Editors

All of the functions of a R&S TDU900 required for basic operation of a transmitter are
combined on the menu bar.

The following functions are available:

30Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

3.3.6.1 Numeric Editor

The numeric editor features the following functions.

1 = By pressing one of these buttons, the value is changed directly in the display without the use of the enter

button.
2 = The value entered using the numeric keypad is accepted by the system by pressing this button.
3 = Pressing this button discards all of the changes made in this window and restores the original value.

Violating the allowed value ranges causes an error message to appear and disables
the input elements (Increase/Decrease/Enter).

3.3.6.2 Text Editor

The text editor allows letters, digits and special characters to be entered.

3.3.7 Special Tasks

3.3.7.1 Finding an Error

There are two ways of locating an error:

Block diagrams

●

You can use the traffic light signaling of the elements in the block diagrams to find
the cause of an error in just a few steps, as long as the error is currently active.

31Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

Valuable information about an error's cause and tips for correcting the error can be
retrieved using the help function of the respective error message.

Logbook

●

Complex error situations including behavior over time can be analyzed using the
logbook. The help function again provides a multitude of valuable information.

3.3.7.2 Managing Users

User management is only available if the R&S TDU900 is operated using a browser.
The following login must be selected for this purpose:

User name: Superuser

Password: 1234

For more details, see chapter 7, "User Administration", on page 257

3.3.8 Logbook

All system events are recorded in the logbook. The following functions are available for
simplifying troubleshooting and error analysis:

Intelligent filtering

●

Events are intelligently prefiltered based on the context of the menu currently open.

Chronological view

●

Events are shown in their chronological order. Associated events are marked
accordingly.

Manual filter (Filter and Options)

●

Events or event groups can be chosen selectively with the help of specific criteria.

Scroll function

●

Enables fast navigation in long event lists

.

3.3.8.1 Intelligent Filtering

Depending on which menu is used to open the logbook, only events relevant in the
context of the respective menu are displayed. These filters significantly increase clarity
in the logbook.

System overview

●

Opening in the system overview: With MultiTX and N+1 systems, shows all of the
events affecting the core components (e.g. cooling, N+1 automatic switchover) as
well as the most important messages from individual transmitters within the sys­tem. With SingleTX systems, all of the detailed messages from the transmitter are
also shown.

Transmitter level:

●

Opening in a transmitter-specific menu: Shows in detail all of the events that affect
the respective transmitter (incl. exciters).

32Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

Depending on which menu is used to open the logbook, only events relevant in the
context of the respective menu are displayed. These filters significantly increase
clarity in the logbook.

Exciter level

●

Shows in detail all of the events that affect the respective exciter.

A total of up to 500 events is logged in the logbook.

3.3.8.2 Chronological View

All of the event messages are listed here in strictly chronological order. The most
recent messages are always shown at the top of the list.

Fig. 3-2: Logbook – chronological view

A thread consists of a group of messages that refer to the same event. The color of the
thread is determined by the most critical message within the thread. Clicking a thread
marker opens a window containing the associated messages.

33Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

Fig. 3-3: Logbook – thread

1 = Thread marker
2 = Click to open detail view

For most messages there is an entry indicating when the message occurred and when
it disappeared.

Each entry consists of the following information:

Alarm level

●

–

Error

–

Error no longer present/remedied

–

Warning

–

Warning no longer present

–

Info

Error message text

●

System component (control, amplifier, exciter, etc.)

●

Time

●

Clicking an entry within the thread view displays a detailed description with the follow­ing contents.

34Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

From: / To:

●

Displays the time when an event starts or ends.

State:

●

Indicates whether an event is still active or already remedied.

Duration:

●

Indicates how long an event was active.

Component:

●

Indicates the system components affected by an event.

Description:

●

Displays a detailed description of an event.

3.3.8.3 Manual Filter (Filter/Options)

Fig. 3-4: Logbook – filter/options

The filter function allows filtering of the messages according to the following criteria:

Level filter:

●

35Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

The messages can be filtered selectively according to individual or multiple levels
(Info | Warning | Fault) at the same time by selecting/deselecting the checkboxes
"Show Infos"

, "Show Warnings" and "Show Faults".
Selecting the "Show open issues only" checkbox will cause only messages that are
still active to be displayed, in other words, messages that still have not been rem­edied,

Component filter:

●

The messages can be filtered selectively according to individual or multiple system
components (System | Exciter A/B | Output Stage) at the same time by selecting/
deselecting the checkboxes.

Options:

●

The following options are available:
– Clear logbook

"Clear Logbook" is used to completely delete the contents of the logbook.

– Restore logbook

"Restore Logbook" is used to restore the logbook after it has been inadvertently
deleted.

– Messages

The "Messages" display shows the number of entries in the logbook.

– Close

"Close" is used to close the entire filter function.

3.3.8.4 Scroll Function

The scroll function enables navigation within a long event list and the selection and
detailed view of specific events.

36Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Introduction to Operation

Structure of User Interface

Fig. 3-5: Scroll functions

1 = Scroll box
2 = Scroll thumb
3 = Entry up
4 = Page up
5 = Entry down
6 = Page down

Clicking inside the scroll box moves the "scroll thumb" directly to the corresponding
position.

Entry down: This button is used to scroll down by one entry in the direction of the

oldest date.

Entry up: This button is used to scroll up by one entry in the direction of the most

recent date.

Page down: This button is used to scroll by one page at a time in the direction of the

oldest date.

Page up: This button is used to scroll by one page at a time in the direction of the

most recent date.

37Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

System Overview

4 Device View Description

4.1 System Overview

The screenshot below shows the Device View Home menu view. It represents the
transmitter system level. The function of the individual buttons and the meaning of spe­cific parameters are explained in the following chapters.

Fig. 4-1: Device View Home menu view

4.1.1 Forward Power

Path:Device View Home > TX An

●

The "Forward Power" field shows the forward power of the transmitter system in kW.
This field lights up green provided that the forward power is above the user‑selectable
warning threshold. If the forward power drops to the warning level, the field lights up
yellow. If the forward power drops below the user‑selectable fault threshold, the field
lights up red.

Pressing the green area opens the "Power and Limits" view. The following user‑select­able values are displayed in the Forward Power field:

Power (in percent)

●

Forward power: can be set between 0 % and 130 %. The nominal transmitter
power corresponds to 100 %.

Warning Limit (in dB)

●

Warning threshold: can be set between 0 dB and ‒20 dB.

39Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

System Overview

Fault Limit (in dB)

●

Fault threshold: can be set between 0 dB and ‒20 dB.

RF Fail Timeout (in s).

●

Delay time: can be set between 0 s and 10 s. This is the time between undershoot­ing of the "Fail Limit" fault threshold and indication of the fault in the transmitter sta­tus display.

4.1.2 Reflected Power

Path:Device View Home > TX An

●

The "Reflected Power" field indicates the reflected power of the transmitter system in
W. This field lights up green provided that the reflected power is below the user‑select­able warning threshold. If the reflected power exceeds this threshold, the field lights up
yellow. If the reflected power exceeds the user‑selectable fault threshold, the field
lights up red.

Pressing the green area opens the "Power and Limits" view. The following user‑select­able values are displayed in the Forward Power field:

Warning Limit (in dB)

●

Warning threshold: can be set between ‒28 dB and ‒17 dB.

Fault Limit (in dB)

●

Fault threshold: can be set between ‒17 dB and ‒14 dB.

4.1.3 Transmitter

The icons and buttons for the TX A1 to TX An and TX B transmitters (depending on the
system configuration) are shown in the "Device View Home" menu overview.

The function of the buttons is explained in the next chapter, see chapter 4.2, "Transmit-

ter", on page

Name Description Value range Access right

Program On Switch used to switch the components in the program path

of the transmitter on and off.

Reserve On Switch used to switch all components in the standby path of

the transmitter on and off (standby exciter with "dual drive"
redundancy concept and standby output stage with "active
PA Reserve" redundancy concept).

Reset Faults Switch used to reset all faults stored in the transmitter.

Stored faults are: Reflection Fail.

Resetting stored faults can cause automatic redundancy
functions, which are currently in the switched-over state, to
switch back to their original preselected state.

43.

Off; On Operation

Off; On Operation

Operation

40Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

System Overview

Program

The currently active program 1 can be switched off using the "Program 1 – ON/OFF"
button.

4.1.4 N+1 Redundancy

The task of the N+1 automatic function is to provide a B standby transmitter for up to
eight A transmitters. This B transmitter takes over the program of an A transmitter if an
A transmitter signals a fault. The output of the B transmitter is normally connected to a
dummy antenna. The B transmitter is connected to an antenna by the N+1 automatic
function as soon as the B transmitter takes over the program of the A transmitter.

4.1.4.1 Manual Switchover

Manual switchover of a program from an A transmitter to the B transmitter is performed
by connecting the A transmitter concerned to the dummy antenna (button: To Load on
the corresponding A transmitter). As a result of this switchover, a) the A transmitter
becomes the standby transmitter for the B transmitter and b) the B transmitter is now
no longer available as the standby transmitter for other A transmitters (exception: prior­ity control).

4.1.4.2 Automatic Switchover

If the N+1 automatic function is active and ready for operation and the A transmitter is
available for the N+1 automatic function, a fault in the A transmitter causes the pro­gram to switch over to the B transmitter. The N+1 automatic function signals the
switchover by changing its status to "changed". The user can now either acknowledge
the switchover by pressing the "Accept changeover" key and adopt it as the new oper­ating state, or attempt by pressing the "Reset Faults" key to reset the N+1 automatic
function to the original state and to delete the fault which caused the switchover.

4.1.4.3 Configuring N+1 Automatic Function

The switching behavior of the N+1 automatic function with regard to checkout times
and automatic switchback can be configured according to individual requirements. Fur­thermore, for the B transmitter it is possible to define the A transmitter from which the
program settings are to be adopted when the B transmitter operates as a standby
transmitter.

Configuring Program‑Specific Settings

The B transmitter must store all program‑specific settings of all A transmitters internally
so that they can be activated immediately in the event of a fault. Program‑specific set­tings are all settings which directly affect the signal path through the transmitter, i.e.
settings for the coder, the exciter inputs and outputs, the transmit frequency and the
output power. The program‑specific settings are made at the A transmitters and stored
using the menu item "Save Preset" in the Task View of the A transmitter. The settings

41Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

System Overview

stored for the A transmitters are synchronized with the B transmitter automatically even
if the B transmitter was switched off when the settings were stored. If the program‑spe­cific settings are changed at A transmitters without these settings being stored as pre­sets, the changes will not be available on the B transmitter in the event of a switchover.
Presets can only be stored on the A transmitters.

Configuring Power‑Specific Settings

All settings which have been stored on an A transmitter as presets and synchronized
with the B transmitter can be overwritten individually in the B transmitter. This can be
used to calibrate the power test points of the B transmitter to the frequency and output
power of the respective A transmitter. To do so, the "Program Settings" of the A trans­mitter concerned must be activated in the B transmitter ("Load Program Settings") and
then the corresponding settings must be made in the menus of the B transmitter.
Finally, the changed settings must be stored in the B transmitter ("Save Tx B Set-
tings"). This must be repeated for all programs that the B transmitter can take over.

Settings that have been changed directly at the B transmitter are no longer synchron­ized with the B transmitter using the "Save Preset" function on the A transmitters. It is
therefore recommended to overwrite the preset settings of the A transmitters at the
B transmitter only for purposes of calibrating the power test points, and never to make
program‑specific settings directly at the B transmitter.

If a setting has been inadvertently changed on the B transmitter and stored for an
A transmitter, automatic synchronization can be reactivated for this setting value in the
following way:

On the B transmitter, set the setting value to the same value as on the A transmit-

●

ter.

Press "Save Tx B Settings" in the menu of the N+1 automatic function

●

This setting value is now synchronized again together with all program‑specific setting
values of the A transmitter.

"N+1 Automatic" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)"

●

Name Description Value range Access right

Automatic (Auto
Switch)

Guard Time (Auto
Switch)

Used to activate the n+1 automatic function. If the n+1 automatic func­tion is active, a fault within an A transmitter causes a switchover and
the program of the A transmitter is taken over by the standby B trans­mitter.

Checkout time which must pass before an A transmitter is replaced by
the standby B transmitter. A long Guard Time suppresses switchover
operations caused by brief faults, but also reduces the availability of
the program.

> "Automatic" > "n+1 Automatic"

On, Off Read / Write

(Operation)

0 s to 60 s Read / Write

(Maintenance)

42Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Switch Mode
(Auto Switch)

Load Program
Settings (Auto
Switch)

Save Tx B Set­tings (Auto
Switch)

Automatic (Sta­tus)

Tx B is Reserve
for (Status)

RF Switch (Sta­tus)

Used to define the switching behavior of the N+1 automatic function.
Single switch: Switchover of an A transmitter to the B transmitter can
occur once only. Multiple switch: Following a switchover operation, the
system can switch back to the A transmitter automatically when the
A transmitter no longer signals a fault but the B transmitter indicates a
fault. If priority control is active, this switch should be set to Multiple
Switch.

Used to load the program‑specific settings of an A transmitter to the
B transmitter.

Used to save settings, which have been changed relative to the loaded
A transmitter, in the B transmitter.

Indicates the status of the N+1 automatic function by means of three
elements. If the N+1 automatic function is on, it can be "ready"/"not
ready" and at the same time "changed"/"not changed".

If a switchover operation has taken place, this indicates which program
of an A transmitter the B transmitter has taken over.

Indicates a fault if in the event of a switchover one of the RF switches
could not be turned correctly or if one of the jumpers has not been
positioned correctly on the patch panel (if used).

Single, Multiple Read / Write

(Maintenance)

Tx A1, Tx A2, Tx
A3, Tx A4, Tx A5,
Tx A6, Tx A7, Tx
A8

On, Off, Ready,
Not Ready,
Changed

Tx A1, Tx A2, Tx
A3, Tx A4, Tx A5,
Tx A6, Tx A7, Tx
A8

Ready / Not
Ready

Read / Write

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

4.2 Transmitter

The screenshot below shows the Transmitter menu view. It represents the single trans­mitter level. The function of the individual buttons and the meaning of specific parame­ters are explained in the following chapters.

43Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

4.2.1 Automatic Switchover

4.2.1.1 Automatic Input Signal

The R&S®TCE900 in the R&S®TCE900 exciter configuration has an automatic switch­over function which, in the event of a signal failure at one logical input, switches over to
the other logical input (provided that a valid input signal is available at the other logical
input). Before a failure occurs, the preselected input is active. The way in which this
automatic switchover function operates is determined by the following factors:

Automatic input switchover ON/OFF

If automatic switchover is OFF, the preselected input remains active even if the input
signal fails. If automatic switchover is ON and there is a failure at the (preselected)
input, switchover to the standby input takes place.

Input priority (Preferred Input = Logical Input 1/2)

Following switchover of the priority logical input to the standby input, the automatic sys­tem switches back to this priority input as soon as a signal returns. All switchover oper­ations are delayed for the set delay times. If the signal fails at both the operating input
and the standby input, the priority input always remains active.

Inputs with equal priority (Preferred Input = none)

Following switchover of the active logical input, the second input with the same priority
remains active until the input signal fails on this input also. The automatic system
switches back to the preselected input, but only if a signal is present on it once again
(and if

"Switch to" is set to "reserve & back"). All switchover operations are delayed for

the set delay times.

44Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Selecting this operating mode minimizes the number of switchover operations and, in
certain cases, the number of breaks in transmission.

Direction of switchover (Switch to)

The "to reserve and back"
and from the standby input, depending on which of the two logical inputs is currently
faulty.

The "reserve" switch position ensures that switchover takes place once only. Following
switchover, the automatic system switches to "switched" and the "Active" indicator dis­appears.

Switchback to the preselected input takes place when the active input is switched over
by pressing the input selector switch (Selector) and then selecting the preselected
input.

If the switch is set to "reserve", the switchback to the preselected input is suppressed.

Manual switchover between inputs

The input can be switched over in the
pressing the input selector switch ("Selector") and then selecting the desired input.

Depending on the configuration and switching state (ON/OFF) of the automatic input
signal switchover function, this menu contains either the switch used to change the
preferred input or the switch used to switch over the active input.

The automatic input signal switchover function is configured in the following way:

switch position enables switchover in both directions, i.e. to

"Home" > "Transmitter" > "Exciter" menu by

1. Navigate to the following destination using the menu bar:
"Devices" > "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A|B" > "Input Auto"

2. The following parameters must be defined on the Automatic tab:

a) for Configuration:

● Automatic:

● Preferred Input:

● Guard Time to Reserve:

● Guard Time Back:

● Switch to:

b) for Reserve Control:

● If Reserve Input Fails.

c) for Seamless Switching:

● Seamless Switching:

● Delay between Inputs

● Pre-Delay:

45Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

d) for Input Control:

● Force Exciter Changeover:

● Mute on Input Fail

● If Reserve Input fails

"Automatic input signal switchover" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Automatic (State) Indicates the state of the automatic input signal switchover function.

Not Ready:

●

The automatic switchover function is not ready. An input signal is
not present at the standby input or a switchover has already taken
place and the automatic switchover function is configured such
that automatic switchback is not permitted.
Ready:

●

The automatic switchover function is ready to switch the currently
active input over to the input currently not in use as soon as the
input signal of the currently active input fails.
Changed:

●

The automatic switchover function has switched over from the
preferred input to the standby input.

Seamless Switch­ing

Automatic Activates automatic switchover of the input signal to the standby input

Preferred Input Used to select the preferred input which the automatic input signal

Active Input Used to select the active input to be used when the automatic input

Indicates whether seamless switching of the input signal is possible.

"Not Possible" always appears if only one input signal is supplied or in
cases where two different data streams are present at the two inputs. If
seamless switching is possible, it always takes place immediately
when required, regardless of whether a "Guard Time to Reserve" or
"Guard Time Back" has been set.

if the preferred input fails.

switchover function should use whenever possible.

signal switchover function is off. If the automatic switchover function is
on, the input can only be switched over using this switch if Preferred
Input is set to "No Preference" or a switchover to the standby input has
taken place.

undefined, Not
Ready, Ready,
Changed+Ready,
Changed+Not
Ready

undefined, not
Possible, Possi­ble

Off, On Operation

Input 1, Input 2,
No Preference

Input 1, Input 2 Operation

Read only

Read only

Operation

Switch to Used to set the operational response of the automatic switchover func-

tion.

"To Reserve Only":

●

The automatic switchover function switches over once from the
preferred input to the standby input and then assumes the "not
ready" state". Switching the active input over manually to the pre­ferred input reactivates the automatic switchover function.
"To Reserve and Back":

●

Following successful switchover to the standby input, the auto­matic switchover function can also switch back automatically if the
signal at the standby input fails.

Guard Time to
Reserve

Used to set a guard time which must elapse before the automatic
switchover function switches over to the standby input if the input sig­nal at the preferred input fails. The set guard time has no effect if
seamless switching is possible. In this case, the switchover always
takes place immediately without interruption (i.e. seamlessly).

Reserve Only,
Reserve & Back

Maintenance

Maintenance

46Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Guard Time Back Used to set a guard time which must elapse before the automatic

switchover function switches back to the preferred input if the input sig­nal at the standby input fails. If seamless switching is possible, switch­over always takes place immediately without interruption regardless of
the set guard time. If "to Reserve Only" was selected as the "Direc­tion", the set guard time has no effect.

If Reserve Fails Used to determine whether the signal at the standby input is to be

monitored.

If the transmitter is operated with only one input signal or the

●

standby input is connected only temporarily, "Do Not Show Warn­ing" must be selected.
If two redundant input signals are normally supplied to the trans-

●

mitter, "Show Warning" must be selected.

4.2.1.2 Automatic Exciter Switchover

The automatic exciter switchover function enables a faulty exciter to be automatically
switched over to a functional standby exciter.

In the "Exciter Automatic" menu it is possible to switch automatic switchover between
two exciters on and off and to select the basic operating behavior of the function. The
"Switch Mode" switch is used to select whether automatic switchover to a standby
exciter is to take place once only (Single Switch) or whether a switchback is also to be
performed if the standby exciter signals a fault, but the preselected exciter is no longer
faulty (Multiple Switch).

Do Not Show
Warning, Show
Warning

Maintenance

Maintenance

It is also possible to set a guard time which must always expire before a switchover
can take place. This prevents unwanted switchover operations resulting from brief fault
events.

Operation

One of the two exciters can be preselected for operation by pressing the exciter selec­tor switch (or via the ExciterAuto -> Exciter Switch tab). This exciter is switched on
together with the output stage by pressing the

"Program Path On" switch (in the
"Transmitter" menu). If necessary, the RF of the standby exciter can be switched on for
measuring and monitoring purposes by pressing the "Reserve Path (on)" switch (in the
"Transmitter" menu). A switchover operation causes the standby exciter to become the
main exciter and vice versa. The ON/OFF switches then act on the other exciter in
each case.

"Single Switch" Mode

If a fault occurs in the preselected exciter, the automatic switchover function will swap
the main and standby exciter and display an "Automatic changed" message.

Either the new state can now be accepted by changing the "preselected exciter"
("Automatic changed" disappears) or the automatic switchover function can be reset to
its original state by pressing "Reset Faults" (in the "Transmitter" menu).

47Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

"Multiple Switch" Mode

This mode is identical to "Single Switch", except that following a double switchover
operation the "preselected" exciter becomes the active exciter again. The

"Automatic
Changed" message is still displayed in this case. To delete this message, either the
new state of the automatic switchover can be adopted by pressing the "Recommand
Selection" button (in the "Transmitter" > "Exciter Auto" menu, "Exciter Switch" tab) or
the original state can be assumed again by pressing "Reset Faults" (in the Transmitter
menu).

4.2.2 Transmitter Status

Name Description Value range Access right

Program On Indicates whether all components in the program path of the

Reserve On Indicates whether all components in the reserve path of the

Overall LED Gray: Off

RF LED Gray: Off

Reflection LED Gray: Off

Off; On Read Only
transmitter have been switched on or off (reserve exciter
with "Dual Drive" redundancy concept and reserve output
stage with "active PA reserve" redundancy concept).

Off; On Read Only
transmitter have been switched on or off (reserve exciter
with "Dual Drive" redundancy concept and reserve output
stage with "active PA reserve" redundancy concept).

Read Only

Green: OK

Yellow: Warning

Red: Fault

Read Only

Green: OK

Yellow: Warning

Red: Fault

Read Only

Yellow: Warning

Red: Fault

Automatic (Backup Drive /
Dual Drive)

Ready (Backup Drive / Dual
Drive)

changed Over (Backup
Drive / Dual Drive)

switch Failed (Backup
Drive / Dual Drive)

Indicates whether the automatic exciter switchover function
has been activated. If the automatic switchover function is
active, the system will switch over to the standby exciter if
the active exciter fails.

Indicates whether the automatic exciter switchover function
is ready. If "not ready" is indicated, either the automatic
exciter switchover function has already switched over to the
standby exciter or a fault has occurred in the exciter switch.

Indicates whether the automatic exciter switchover function
has switched over to a reserve exciter.

Indicates that switchover to the reserve exciter has failed.

Off; On Read Only

Yes; No Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

48Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

4.2.3 Amplifiers

Fig. 4-2: "Amplifiers" menu view (Multi

‑

Tx)

R&S PHU901/R&S PHU902/R&S PHV902: "Status" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Status"

Name Description Value range Access right

Amplifier Indicates whether the amplifier has been switched on or off by the R&S

TCE900 Tx control.

Link Indicates the status of the communication link between the amplifier

and the R&S TCE900 Tx control.

The status is indicated as follows:

Ok

●

A link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol.
Warning

●

No link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol. Check the power supply of the amplifier.

RF In Fail Indicates that the amplifier is receiving an input signal, the level of

which is too low.

If this message occurs at all amplifiers at the same time, the fault is

●

located at the exciter switch, splitter or exciter.
If this fault occurs at only some of the amplifiers, the output level of

●

the exciters and splitter must be checked.
If the fault occurs at only one amplifier, the self‑engaging connec-

●

tor of the RF signal on the rear panel of the amplifier must be
checked for mechanical damage.

Off, On Read only

Ok, Warning Read only

No, Yes (warn­ing)

Read only

49Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Mute Indicates that the amplifier is suppressing its output signal.

This indicator appears in the following cases:

No input signal is present

●

During bias adjustment

●

An external absorber signals via connector X11 that it is overheat-

●

ing.

Init Fail Indicates a fault if the amplifier detects an internal fault at power ON. If

other faults are indicated at the same time, the cause of these faults
must be rectified first. If the "Init Fail" fault still exists after other faults
have been rectified, the amplifier must be replaced.

Reflection Indicates whether the reflection at the RF output is becoming too great.

In this case, the antenna as well as the link between the amplifiers and
the antenna via the coupling switches and output stage switches (if
present) must be checked.

The occurrence of reflection is stored in a nonvolatile memory. After the
reason for the reflection has been rectified, this message must be reset
manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" button or "Reset
Faults System" button.

RF Power Fail Indicates that the output power of the amplifier is more than 3 dB below

the nominal value.

Temp. Fail Indicates that the amplifier has overheated internally.

The shut‑off taps for the coolant must be checked. They must be open.

The occurrence of this message is stored in a nonvolatile memory. After
the reason for the overheating has been rectified, this message must be
reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" button or
"Reset Faults System" button.

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

Transistor Fail Indicates that one or more driver or power transistors are defective.

NOTE: Only personnel with the relevant special service training are
permitted to change the transistors.

BIAS Fail Indicates a fault if the quiescent current of one or more transistors can-

not be adjusted.

"No Error": Automatic quiescent current adjustment has been per-

●

formed properly.
Abort Adjust: Adjustment has been aborted because a constant

●

temperature has not settled in the amplifier. In this case, adjust­ment should be started again immediately after the fault has occur­red.
"Error on PA On" or "Adjust Error": There is a technical fault in the

●

amplifier; the amplifier should be replaced.

Doherty Active Indicates whether the Doherty mode of the amplifier is active or not (not

valid for R&S TCE900).

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No Error, Abort
Adjust, Error on
PA On, Adjust
Error

Off, On Read only

Read only

50Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Freq. ID With R&S PHU902 only:

Indicates the frequency ranges in which the amplifier can be operated
in Doherty mode.

B2: 575 MHz to 660 MHz

B4: 470 MHz to 500 MHz; 660 MHz to 715 MHz

B5: 500 MHz to 530 MHz; 715 MHz to 750 MHz

B6: 530 MHz to 575 MHz; 750 MHz to 790 MHz

If the option is not suitable for the transmit frequency, the amplifier auto­matically switches to broadband mode.

With R&S PHV902 only:

Indicates the frequency ranges in which the amplifier can be operated
in Doherty mode.

D1: 170 MHz to 179 MHz

D2: 179 MHz to 193 MHz; 224 MHz to 239 MHz

D3: 193 MHz to 207 MHz; 239 MHz to 254 MHz

D4: 207 MHz to 224 MHz

BB: Amplifier can only be operated in the broadband mode.

If the option is not suitable for the transmit frequency, the amplifier auto­matically switches to broadband mode.

Regulation Fail Indicates that the internal power regulation of the amplifier has reached

the limit of its control range.

This is an indication that one or more power transistors are defective.

String Read Only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Amplifier Temp. Indicates the temperature of the amplifier.

The amplifier temperature is usually a few degrees higher than the cool­ant temperature. If it is more than 15 °C higher, either the shut‑off taps
for the coolant are closed or the flow rate of the coolant is too low
(chapter 4.12, "Cooling System", on page 210

Absorber Fail Indicates that overheating of the rack absorber has been detected.

Normally, this warning is signaled by all amplifiers of a transmitter
simultaneously. If the warning is signaled by only one amplifier, check
the rack cabling.

Coolant Temp. Indicates the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the transmitter

rack toward the heat exchanger. The temperature must not exceed a
maximum value of 65 °C.

RF Monitor Indicates the coupling attenuation of the "RF Monitor" test point on the

amplifier at 205.5 MHz (VHF amplifier) resp. 650 MHz (UHF amplifier).

AC Fail Indicates a fault if the mains voltage has been interrupted.

The circuit breakers must be checked in this case.

DC Fail Indicates whether one of the internal power supply units of the amplifier

is not delivering DC voltage.

Detection of a fault is only possible if the RF of the transmitter has been
switched on (Program on).

Supply Fail Indicates that one of the internal power supply units is probably not

working.

).

0 °C to 150 °C

No, Yes (warn­ing)

0.00 dB to
+99.99 dB

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

51Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

R&S PHR901 (VHF, Band II): "Status" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Status"

Name Beschreibung Wertebereich Zugriffsrecht

Amplifier Indicates whether the amplifier has been switched on or off by the R&S

TCE900.

Mute Indicates that the amplifier is suppressing its output signal.

This indicator appears in the following cases:

No input signal is present

●

During bias adjustment

●

An external absorber signals via connector X11 that it is overheat-

●

ing.

RF Power Fail Indicates that the output power of the amplifier is more than 3 dB below

the nominal value.

Temp. Fail Indicates that the amplifier has overheated internally.

The shut‑off taps for the coolant must be checked. They must be open.

The occurrence of this message is stored in a nonvolatile memory.
After the reason for the overheating has been rectified, this message
must be reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" but­ton or "Reset Faults System" button.

Supply Fail Indicates that one of the internal power supply units is probably not

working.

Link Indicates whether a communication link exists between the amplifier

and the R&S TCE900 Tx control.

If no link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx control,
check the power supply of the amplifier.

Regulation Fail Indicates that the internal power regulation of the amplifier has reached

the limit of its control range.

This is an indication that one or more power transistors are defective.

This fault can also occur if the amplifier performs a system check fol­lowing a TRANSISTOR_FAIL and then continues to run at reduced
power.

Off, On Read Only

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

On, Off Read Only

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

Read only

RF In Fail Indicates that the amplifier is receiving an input signal, the level of

which is too low.

If this message occurs at all amplifiers at the same time, the fault

●

is located at the exciter switch, splitter or exciter.
If this fault occurs at only some of the amplifiers, the output level

●

of the exciters and splitter must be checked.
If the fault occurs at only one amplifier, the self‑engaging connec-

●

tor of the RF signal on the rear panel of the amplifier must be
checked for mechanical damage.

Amplifier Temp. Indicates the temperature of the amplifier. The amplifier should only be

switched on at temperatures above 0 °C.

AC Fail Indicates a fault if the mains voltage has been interrupted. The circuit

breakers must be checked in this case.

DC Fail Indicates whether one of the internal power supply units of the amplifier

is faulty (e.g. no DC voltage is being delivered).

Detection of a fault is only possible if the RF of the transmitter has
been switched on (Program on).

No, Yes (Warn­ing)

0 °C to 150 °C

No, Yes (Warn­ing)

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

52Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Beschreibung Wertebereich Zugriffsrecht

Init Fail Indicates a fault if the amplifier detects an internal fault at power ON. If

other faults are indicated at the same time, the cause of these faults
must be rectified first. If the "Init Fail" fault still exists after other faults
have been rectified, the amplifier must be replaced.

Reflection Indicates whether the reflection at the RF output is becoming too great.

In this case, the antenna as well as the link between the amplifiers and
the antenna via the combiners and output stage switches (if present)
must be checked.

The occurrence of reflection is stored in a nonvolatile memory. After
the reason for the reflection has been rectified, this message must be
reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" button or
"Reset Faults System" button.

Coolant Temp. Indicates the temperature of the coolant.

The coolant temperature is usually a few degrees lower than the ampli­fier temperature.

AC 1 Indicates that the AC voltage of power supply unit 1 is in the permissi-

ble range.

DC 1 Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 1 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 1.

Transistor Fail Indicates that one or more driver or power transistors are defective.

NOTE: Only personnel with the relevant special service training are
permitted to change the transistors.

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

No, Yes (Warn­ing)

0 °C to approx.
150 °C

No, Yes Read Only

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

No, Yes Read Only

Read Only

Absorber Fail Indicates that overheating of the rack absorber has been detected.

Normally, this warning is signaled by all amplifiers of a transmitter
simultaneously. If the warning is signaled by only one amplifier, check
the rack cabling.

AC 2 Indicates that the AC voltage of power supply unit 2 is in the permissi-

ble range.

DC 2 Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 2 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 2.

BIAS Fail Indicates a fault if the quiescent current of one or more transistors can-

not be adjusted.

"No Error": Automatic quiescent current adjustment has been per-

●

formed properly.
Abort Adjust: Adjustment has been aborted because a constant

●

temperature has not settled in the amplifier. In this case, adjust­ment should be started again immediately after the fault has
occurred.
"Error on PA On" or "Adjust Error": There is a technical fault in the

●

amplifier; the amplifier should be replaced.

RF Monitor Indicates the coupling attenuation of the "RF Monitor" RF test point on

the amplifier (87.5 MHz to 108 MHz).

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

No, Yes Read Only

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

No Error, Abort
Adjust, Error on
PA On, Adjust
Error

52,6 dB to 58,6dBRead Only

Read only

53Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Beschreibung Wertebereich Zugriffsrecht

AC 3 Indicates that the AC voltage of power supply unit 3 is in the permissi-

ble range.

DC 3 Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 3 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 3.

No, Yes Read Only

No, Yes (Fault) Read Only

R&S PMU901: "Status" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Status"

Name Description Value range Access right

Amplifier Indicates whether the amplifier has been switched on or off by the R&S

TCE900.

Link Indicates the status of the communication link between the amplifier

and the R&S TCE900 Tx control.

The status is indicated as follows:

OK

●

A link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol.
Warning

●

No link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol. Check the power supply of the amplifier.

Off, On Read only

Ok, Warning Read only

RF In Fail Indicates that the amplifier is receiving an input signal, the level of

which is too low.

If this message occurs at all amplifiers at the same time, the fault

●

is located at the exciter switch, splitter or exciter.
If this fault occurs at only some of the amplifiers, the output level

●

of the exciters and splitter must be checked.
If the fault occurs at only one amplifier, the self‑engaging connec-

●

tor of the RF signal on the rear panel of the amplifier must be
checked for mechanical damage.

Mute Indicates that the amplifier is suppressing its output signal.

This indicator appears in the following cases:

No input signal

●

During bias adjustment

●

An external absorber signals via connector X11 that it is overheat-

●

ing.

Init Fail Indicates a fault if the amplifier detects an internal fault at power ON. If

other faults are indicated at the same time, the cause of these faults
must be rectified first. If the "Init Fail" fault still exists after other faults
have been rectified, the amplifier must be replaced.

RF Monitor Indicates the coupling attenuation of the "RF Monitor" test point on the

amplifier at 650 MHz.

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

0.00 dB to
+99.99 dB

Read only

Read only

Read only

54Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Reflection Indicates whether the reflection at the RF output is becoming too great.

In this case, the antenna as well as the link between the amplifiers and
the antenna via the combiners and output stage switches (if present)
must be checked.

The occurrence of reflection is stored in a nonvolatile memory. After
the reason for the reflection has been rectified, this message must be
reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" button or
"Reset Faults System" button.

RF Power Fail Indicates that the output power of the amplifier is more than 3 dB below

the nominal value.

Temp. Fail Indicates that the amplifier has overheated internally.

The shut‑off taps for the coolant must be checked. They must be open.

The occurrence of this message is stored in a nonvolatile memory.
After the reason for the overheating has been rectified, this message
must be reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" but­ton or "Reset Faults System" button.

Transistor Fail Indicates that one or more driver or power transistors are defective.

NOTE: Only personnel with the relevant special service training are
permitted to change the transistors.

BIAS Fail Indicates a fault if the quiescent current of one or more transistors can-

not be adjusted.

"No Error": Automatic quiescent current adjustment has been per-

●

formed properly.
Abort Adjust: Adjustment has been aborted because a constant

●

temperature has not settled in the amplifier. In this case, adjust­ment should be started again immediately after the fault has
occurred.
"Error on PA On" or "Adjust Error": There is a technical fault in the

●

amplifier; the amplifier should be replaced.

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes Read only

No Error, Abort
Adjust, Error on
PA On, Adjust
Error

Read only

Read only

Amplifier Temp. Indicates the temperature of the amplifier. The amplifier should only be

switched on at temperatures above 0 °C.

Frequency Fail This fault occurs if the tunit (tuning unit) used in the amplifier is not suit-

able for the RF of the exciter. The tunit is a plug-in module and is on
the top side of the amplifier. Please check that the used tunit is suitable
for the frequency which is set in the Output menu of the exciter, and
whether it has been installed in the amplifier in the "Doherty" or "Broad­band" position corresponding to the setting in the "Basic Config" menu.

‒30 °C to 120 °C

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

55Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Freq. ID Shows the ID of the tunit (tuning unit) which is installed in the amplifier.

The operating frequency which is set for the transmitter, and the result­ing center frequency of the operating channel must be suitable for the
operating frequency range of the tunit.

The ID "BB" is shown if the tunit is fitted in the position (slot) "BB" (=
broadband mode). "Missmatch" is shown if no tunit is built in.

1: 502 MHz to 518 MHz; 614 MHz to 630 MHz; 750 MHz to 758 MHz

2: 470 MHz to 486 MHz; 574 MHz to 598 MHz; 710 MHz to 726 MHz;
830 MHz to 854 MHz

3: 558 MHz to 574 MHz; 686 MHz to 710 MHz; 814 MHz to 830 MHz

4: 550 MHz to 558 MHz; 670 MHz to 686 MHz; 790 MHz to 814 MHz

5: 534 MHz to 550 MHz; 646 MHz to 670 MHz; 774 MHz to 790 MHz

6: 518 MHz to 534 MHz; 630 MHz to 646 MHz; 758 MHz to 774 MHz

7: 486 MHz to 502 MHz; 598 MHz to 614 MHz; 726 MHz to 750 MHz;
854 MHz to 862 MHz

Regulation Fail Indicates that the internal power regulation of the amplifier has reached

the limit of its control range.

This is an indication that one or more power transistors are defective.

This fault can also occur if the amplifier performs a system check fol­lowing a TRANSISTOR_FAIL and then continues to run at reduced
power.

Blower Fail Indicates a fault if one of the fans of the amplifier module has failed. No, Yes (fault) Read only

Absorber Fail Indicates that overheating of the rack absorber has been detected.

Normally, this warning is signaled by all amplifiers of a transmitter
simultaneously. If the warning is signaled by only one amplifier, check
the rack cabling.

1 to 7, BB, mis­match

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Air Inlet Indicates the inlet air temperature of the amplifier module.

It should always be in the range +1 °C to +45 °C.

AC Fail Indicates a fault if the mains voltage has been interrupted. The circuit

breakers must be checked in this case.

AC 1 Ok Indicates that the mains AC voltage at power supply unit 1 is in the per-

missible range (only valid for PMU901 with power supply standby).

AC 2 Ok Indicates that the mains AC voltage at power supply unit 2 is in the per-

missible range (only valid for PMU901 with power supply standby).

DC Fail Indicates whether one of the internal power supply units of the amplifier

is faulty (e.g. no DC voltage is being delivered).

Detection of a fault is only possible if the RF of the transmitter has
been switched on (Program on).

DC 1 Ok Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 1 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 1 (only valid for

PMU901 with power supply standby).

‒30 °C to
+120 °C

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes

No, Yes

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

56Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

DC 2 Ok Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 2 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 2 (only valid for

PMU901 with power supply standby).

Supply Fail Indicates that one of the internal power supply units is probably not

working.

Supply 1 Fail Indicates that power supply unit 1 (right) is probably faulty (only valid

for PMU901 with power supply standby).

Supply 2 Fail Indicates that power supply unit 2 (left) is probably faulty (only valid

for PMU901 with power supply standby).

Air Outlet Indicates the outlet air temperature of the amplifier module.

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

‒30 °C to
+120 °C

Read only

R&S PMV901: "Status" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Status"

Name Description Value range Access right

Amplifier Indicates whether the amplifier has been switched on or off by the R&S

TCE900 Tx control.

Off, On Read only

Link Indicates the status of the communication link between the amplifier

and the R&S TCE900 Tx control.

The status is indicated as follows:

OK

●

A link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol.
Warning

●

No link exists between the amplifier and the R&S TCE900 Tx con­trol. Check the power supply of the amplifier.

RF In Fail Indicates that the amplifier is receiving an input signal, the level of

which is too low.

If this message occurs at all amplifiers at the same time, the fault

●

is located at the exciter switch, splitter or exciter.
If this fault occurs at only some of the amplifiers, the output level

●

of the exciters and splitter must be checked.
If the fault occurs at only one amplifier, the self‑engaging connec-

●

tor of the RF signal on the rear panel of the amplifier must be
checked for mechanical damage.

Mute Indicates that the amplifier is suppressing its output signal.

This indicator appears in the following cases:

No input signal

●

During bias adjustment

●

An external absorber signals via connector X11 that it is overheat-

●

ing.

Init Fail Indicates a fault if the amplifier detects an internal fault at power ON. If

other faults are indicated at the same time, the cause of these faults
must be rectified first. If the "Init Fail" fault still exists after other faults
have been rectified, the amplifier must be replaced.

Ok, Warning Read only

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

57Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

RF Monitor Indicates the coupling attenuation of the "RF Monitor" test point on the

amplifier at 650 MHz.

Reflection Indicates whether the reflection at the RF output is becoming too great.

In this case, the antenna as well as the link between the amplifiers and
the antenna via the combiners and output stage switches (if present)
must be checked.

The occurrence of reflection is stored in a nonvolatile memory. After
the reason for the reflection has been rectified, this message must be
reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" button or
"Reset Faults System" button.

RF Power Fail Indicates that the output power of the amplifier is more than 3 dB below

the nominal value.

Temp. Fail Indicates that the amplifier has overheated internally.

The shut‑off taps for the coolant must be checked. They must be open.

The occurrence of this message is stored in a nonvolatile memory.
After the reason for the overheating has been rectified, this message
must be reset manually by pressing the "Reset Faults Transmitter" but­ton or "Reset Faults System" button.

Transistor Fail Indicates that one or more driver or power transistors are defective.

NOTE: Only personnel with the relevant special service training are
permitted to change the transistors.

BIAS Fail Indicates a fault if the quiescent current of one or more transistors can-

not be adjusted.

"No Error": Automatic quiescent current adjustment has been per-

●

formed properly.
Abort Adjust: Adjustment has been aborted because a constant

●

temperature has not settled in the amplifier. In this case, adjust­ment should be started again immediately after the fault has
occurred.
"Error on PA On" or "Adjust Error": There is a technical fault in the

●

amplifier; the amplifier should be replaced.

0.00 dB to
+99.99 dB

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes Read only

No Error, Abort
Adjust, Error on
PA On, Adjust
Error

Read only

Read only

Read only

Amplifier Temp. Indicates the temperature of the amplifier. The amplifier should only be

switched on at temperatures above 0 °C.

Doherty Active Indicates whether the Doherty mode of the amplifier is active or not. No, Yes (Fault) Read only

Freq. ID Indicates the frequency ranges in which the amplifier can be operated

in Doherty mode.

D1: 170 MHz to 179 MHz

D2: 179 MHz to 193 MHz; 224 MHz to 239 MHz

D3: 193 MHz to 207 MHz; 239 MHz to 254 MHz

B4: 207 MHz to 224 MHz

BB: Amplifier can only be operated in the broadband mode.

If the option is not suitable for the transmit frequency, the amplifier
automatically switches to broadband mode.

Regulation Fail Indicates that the internal power regulation of the amplifier has reached

the limit of its control range.

This is an indication that one or more power transistors are defective.

This fault can also occur if the amplifier performs a system check fol­lowing a TRANSISTOR_FAIL and then continues to run at reduced
power.

‒30 °C to 120 °C

D1 to D4, BB,
mismatch

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

58Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Blower Fail Indicates a fault if one of the fans of the amplifier module has failed. No, Yes (fault) Read only

Absorber Fail Indicates that overheating of the rack absorber has been detected.

Normally, this warning is signaled by all amplifiers of a transmitter
simultaneously. If the warning is signaled by only one amplifier, check
the rack cabling.

Air Inlet Indicates the inlet air temperature of the amplifier module.

It should always be in the range +1 °C to +45 °C.

AC Fail Indicates a fault if the mains voltage has been interrupted. The circuit

breakers must be checked in this case.

AC 1 Ok Indicates that the mains AC voltage at power supply unit 1 is in the per-

missible range (only valid for PMVU901 with power supply

standby).

AC 2 Ok Indicates that the mains AC voltage at power supply unit 2 is in the per-

missible range (only valid for PMV901 with power supply standby).

DC Fail Indicates whether one of the internal power supply units of the amplifier

is faulty (e.g. no DC voltage is being delivered).

Detection of a fault is only possible if the RF of the transmitter has
been switched on (Program on).

DC 1 Ok Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 1 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 1 (only valid for

PMV901 with power supply standby).

No, Yes (fault) Read only

‒30 °C to
+120 °C

No, Yes (warn­ing)

No, Yes

No, Yes

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

Read only

Read only

DC 2 Ok Indicates whether the DC voltage of power supply unit 2 is in the per-

missible range.

This message is only output if an ON command has been issued and
the AC voltage is present at power supply unit 2 (only valid for

PMV901 with power supply standby).

Supply Fail Indicates that one of the internal power supply units is probably not

working.

Supply 1 Fail Indicates that power supply unit 1 (right) is probably faulty (only valid

for PMV901 with power supply standby).

Supply 2 Fail Indicates that power supply unit 2 (left) is probably faulty (only valid

for PMV901 with power supply standby).

Air Outlet Indicates the outlet air temperature of the amplifier module.

"Supply" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Supply"

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

No, Yes (fault) Read only

‒30 °C to
+120 °C

Read only

59Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

V Aux In (Supply) Indicates the supply voltage of the amplifier control board.

This auxiliary voltage is generated directly by the power supply unit.
This voltage should be present at the amplifier control board even if the
amplifier has been switched off by the R&S TCE900. If no voltage is
indicated, the miniature circuit breakers of the power distribution unit as
well as the self‑engaging contacts on the rear panel of the amplifier
must be checked first of all. If no fault can be found in the energy feed,
the amplifier must be replaced.

V+ Mon (Supply) Indicates the voltage supplied to the transistor blocks by the power

supply unit.

If the displayed voltage is 0 V, either the power supply unit is faulty or
the amplifier has not been switched on by the R&S TCE900.

I DC (Amplifier) Indicates the total current flowing through the internal power supply

units.

If the display shows 0 A, the amplifier may not have been switched on
by the R&S TCE900.

Other possible faults are:

RF In Fail

●

Temperature Fail

●

DC Fail

●

I Pre (Amplifier) Indicates the current flowing through the transistors of the preamplifier

module.

V5V ACB (Ampli­fier Control
Board)

Indicates the 5 V auxiliary voltage which is generated on the amplifier
control board from the auxiliary voltage (V_AUX_IN) of the power sup­ply unit.

If no voltage is indicated, the miniature circuit breakers of the energy
distribution unit and also the self‑engaging contacts on the rear panel
of the amplifier should be checked first of all.

If no fault can be found in the energy feed, the amplifier must be
replaced.

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

V 3V5 (Amplifier
Control Board)

Indicates the 3.5 V auxiliary voltage which is generated on the amplifier
control board from the auxiliary voltage (V_AUX_IN) of the power sup­ply unit.

If no voltage is indicated, the miniature circuit breakers of the energy
distribution unit and also the self‑engaging contacts on the rear panel
of the amplifier should be checked first of all.

If no fault can be found in the energy feed, the amplifier must be
replaced.

Read only

60Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

V 12 Mon (Pre
Amplifier)

V Pre Mon (Pre
Amplifier)

Indicates the 12 V auxiliary voltage.

R&S PHU901, R&S PHU902, R&S PHV902, R&S PHR901: The

●

auxiliary voltage is generated on the preamplifier board from the
20 V supply voltage (V PRE MON). If the amplifier has not been
switched on by the R&S TCE900 the voltage is approx. 8 V.
R&S PMU901, R&S PMV901: The auxiliary voltage is generated

●

on the amplifier board from the 20 V supply voltage
(V_PRE_MON). If the amplifier has not been switched on by the
R&S TCE900, the voltage is 0 V.

Indicates the 20 V supply voltage of the preamplifier.

R&S PHU901, R&S PHU902, R&S PHV902: In the ON state, the

●

voltage is approx. 20 V and is generated on the preamplifier
board. The displayed voltage is 0 V if the amplifier has been
switched off by the R&S TCE900. If no voltage is indicated in the
ON state, the miniature circuit breakers of the energy distribution
unit and also the self‑engaging contacts on the rear panel of the
amplifier should be checked first of all. If no fault can be found in
the energy feed, the amplifier must be replaced.
R&S PMU901: As for PHU901, except that here the 20 V voltage

●

is generated on the amplifier board.
R&S PMV901: not existing.

●

Read only

Read only

R&S PHU901/R&S PHU902/R&S PHV902: "Transistors" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Transistors"

Name Description Value range Access right

I PRE Indicates the current flowing through the transistors of the preamplifier

module.

I DRV Indicates the current flowing through transistors V12A and V12B of the

driver module.

I 1A Indicates the current flowing through transistors V14 and V15 of output

stage module 1 in transistor block A.

I 2A Indicates the current flowing through transistors V16 and V17 of output

stage module 2 in transistor block A.

I 3A Indicates the current flowing through transistors V18 and V19 of output

stage module 3 in transistor block A (not valid for R&S PHV902).

I 1B Indicates the current flowing through transistors V24 and V25 of output

stage module 1 in transistor block B.

I 2B Indicates the current flowing through transistors V26 and V27 of output

stage module 2 in transistor block B.

I 3B Indicates the current flowing through transistors V28 and V29 of output

stage module 3 in transistor block B (not

valid for R&S PHV902)..

R&S PHR901 (VHF, Band II): "Transistors" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Transistors"

0 A to 5 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

61Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

I DRV Indicates the current flowing through transistors T1000 and T1050 of

the preamplifier/driver.

I 101 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V101 of output stage

module 1 in transistor block A.

I 102 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V102 of output stage

module 1 in transistor block A.

I 103 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V103 of output stage

module 2 in transistor block A.

I 104 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V104 of output stage

module 2 in transistor block A.

I 105 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V105 of output stage

module 3 in transistor block B.

I 106 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V106 of output stage

module 3 in transistor block B.

I 107 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V107 of output stage

module 4 in transistor block B.

I 108 Indicates the current flowing through transistor V108 of output stage

module 4 in transistor block B.

R&S PMU901/R&S PMV901: "Transistors" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Transistors"

0 A to 5 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

0 A to 40 A Read only

Name Beschreibung Wertebereich Zugriffsrecht

I PRE Zeigt den Strom durch die Transistoren des Vorverstärkermoduls an. 0 A bis 5 A Read Only

I DRV Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V401 an. 0 A bis 40 A Read Only

I 1A Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V500 im Transistorblock A an. 0 A bis 40 A Read Only

I 2A Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V1500 im Transistorblock A an. 0 A bis 40 A Read Only

I 3A Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V2500 im Transistorblock A an

(gilt nicht für R&S PMV901).

I 1B Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V600 im Transistorblock B an. 0 A bis 40 A Read Only

I 2B Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V1600 im Transistorblock B an. 0 A bis 40 A Read Only

I 3B Zeigt den Strom durch den Transistor V2600 im Transistorblock B an

(gilt nicht

für R&S PMV901).

0 A bis 40 A Read Only

0 A bis 40 A Read Only

R&S PHU901/R&S PHU902/R&S PHV902/R&S PMV901: "RF Levels" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "RF Levels"

62Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

Name Description Value range Access right

Power A Indicates the measured voltage of the RF detector in transistor block A. 0 V to 8 V Read only

Power B Indicates the measured voltage of the RF detector in transistor block B. 0 V to 8 V Read only

Power V Ref Indicates the nominal value which is predefined by the R&S TCE900

for internal regulation of the output power.

Power Out Indicates the measured voltage of the RF detector at the output of the

amplifier.

Reflected Out Indicates the measured voltage of the RF detector for reflected power

at the output of the amplifier.

0 V to 6 V Read only

0 V to 8 V Read only

0 V to 8 V Read only

R&S PMU901: "RF Levels" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "RF Levels"

Name Beschreibung Wertebereich Zugriffsrecht

Power V Ref Zeigt den Sollwert an, der durch die R&S TCE900 für die interne Rege-

lung der Ausgangsleistung vorgegeben wird.

Power Out Zeigt die gemessene Spannung des RF-Detektors am Ausgang des

Verstärkers an.

Reflected Out Zeigt die gemessene Spannung des RF-Detektors für die Rücklaufleis-

tung am Ausgang des Verstärkers an.

0 V bis 6 V Read Only

0 V bis 8 V Read Only

0 V bis 8 V Read Only

R&S PHR901 (VHF, Band II): "RF Levels" parameters

Pfad: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "RF Levels"

Name Description Value range Access right

Power In Shows the measured power at the amplifier input. 0.000 W to

0.101 W

Power Driver Shows the measured power at the amplifier driver stage. 0.0 W to 126.0 W Read only

Power A Indicates the measured power of the RF detector in transistor block A. 0.00 W to

10334.00 W

Power B Indicates the measured power of the RF detector in transistor block B. 0.00 W to

10334.00 W

Power V Ref Indicates the nominal value which is predefined by the R&S TCE900

for internal regulation of the output power.

Power Out Shows the measured power of the RF detector at the output of the

amplifier.

Reflected Out Shows the measured power of the RF detector for the reflected power

at the output of the amplifier.

0 % to 100.00 % Read only

0.00 W to

7500.00 W

0.00 W to

1500.00 W

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

63Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Transmitter

"Type Plate" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)" > "Tx <n>" > "Output Stage" > "Amplifiers" > "Ampli-

●

fier <n>" > Tab "Type Plate"

Information about the amplifier is set at the factory.

Name Description Value range Access right

Name Instrument designation

Part Number R&S material number and order number of the instrument. Specify this

number when reporting faults.

Variant Instrument variant

Product Index Production index (parts change index)

Serial Number Serial number

Production Date Production date

SW/FW/Bios
Number

Software, firmware or BIOS number

4.2.4 Rack

"Status Rack" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Absorber With multi‑rack transmitters, this indicates whether one

of the rack absorbers is overheating. This fault can
occur if several amplifiers of a rack fail and additionally
there is a fault in the cooling system.

Green: OK

Red: too hot

Read Only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Cabinet Door Indicates whether the rear rack door is open or closed

(does not apply to TMU9).

Overvoltage Protectors Indicates whether the overvoltage protection for the

respective component is still functioning.

Green:
Closed

Yellow: Open

Green: OK

Red: Fault

Read Only

Read Only

64Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter DVB-T2

4.2.5 Output Stage

"Commissioning" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Absorber With multi‑rack transmitters, this indicates whether one

of the rack absorbers is overheating. This fault can
occur if several amplifiers of a rack fail and additionally
there is a fault in the cooling system.

Cabinet Door Indicates whether the rear rack door is open or closed. Green:

external Fault Indicates whether an external fault message exists at

terminal X41 of the mains distribution board. This func­tion is only available if the "use external faults" check
mark has been set in the Commissioning dialog box for
this rack.

12V Control Indicates whether a backup power supply unit connec-

ted to terminal X42 of the mains distribution board is
still working. This function is only available if the "con­trol external 12V supply" check mark has been set in
the Commissioning dialog box for this rack.

Green: OK

Red: too hot

Closed

Yellow: Open

Green: no
Fault

Red: Fault

Green: OK

Red: Fault

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Overvoltage Protectors Indicates whether the overvoltage protection for the

respective component is still functioning.

4.3 Exciter DVB-T2

4.3.1 Coder for DVB-T2

To operate the transmitter in DVB‑T2 mode, an appropriate software option must be
activated using an option kex.

This function is used to set the DVB transmission parameters required for coding and
modulation and to check the used (TPS) settings (TPS = transmission parameter sig­naling) that are signaled during transmission.

The network configuration parameters are used to set the higher‑level parameters for
DVB‑T2 that comply with the standard and are valid for all physical layer pipes (PLP).

The L1 frame information parameters are used to configure the "L1 post signaling".

Green: OK

Red: Fault

Read Only

The PLP parameters are used to make various settings for the possible PLPs. When
streaming via TS (TS Stream setting), the PLP parameters can be configured for
exactly one PLP. If, however, T2MI is active (T2MI = On), several PLPs from the T2MI

65Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Name Description Value range Access right

Test Signal (Non­linear Extension)

Black Slope
(Nonlinear Exten­sion)

Grey Slope (Non­linear Extension)

White Slope
(Nonlinear Exten­sion)

Phase Correction
(FM Carrier 1/2)

Trigger Point 1/2
(FM Carrier 1/2)

Slope 1/2 (FM
Carrier 1/2)

Generates signals with different modulation in order to increase the
video S/N ratio using an external measuring instrument. Measurement
of the video S/N ratio and adjustment of the associated slopes allows
the S/N ratio to be optimized for various picture contents.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at high levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "Black" has been activated.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at medium levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "Grey" has been activated.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at low levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "White" has been activated.

Indicates whether the sound phase shifter for carrier 1 and carrier 2 is
switched on.

The setting can be changed here.

Indicates the position defined for the respective onset point of the
phase shifter (referenced to modulation of the picture signal).

The setting can be changed here.

Indicates the value that has been set for the slope at the respective
onset point of the phase shifter.

The setting can be changed here.

Black, Grey,
White, Off

-50% to 50% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

Off, On Maintenance

0% to 100% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

Maintenance

4.6 Exciter ATSC

4.6.1 Coder for ATSC

To operate the transmitter in ATSC mode, an appropriate software option must be acti­vated using an option key.

The ATSC TV standard can be used both in single frequency networks (SFN) and in
multiple frequency networks (MFN). In an SFN, the time at which an ATSC symbol is
transmitted is set automatically via the transmission control protocol (TCP). The net­work mode is selected in the SFN menu. Whether a TCP is present in the data stream
is indicated in the two Input menus.

In the Configuration menu, it is possible to activate transmission to mobile terminal
equipment and also to set the transmitter IDs for operation in a network.

142Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

"Configuration" parameters

Path: Device View (Home) > Transmitter > Exciter > ATSC Coder > Configuration

●

To operate the transmitter in Mobile DTV (MDTV) mode, an appropriate software
option must be activated using an option key.

Name Description Value range Access right

Mobile DTV (Con­figuration)

MHE PID (Config­uration)

Frame Status
(Configuration)

Mobile Content
(Configuration)

RF Watermark
(Localization)

Indicates whether the coding for Mobile DTV is switched on or off. Off, On Maintenance

Indicates which MHE PID is set.

The setting can be changed here.

The packet ID that is set is the one containing the Mobile DTV data
stream. The MHE PID is only available if Mobile DTV has been set to
"On".

Indicates whether the ATSC coder is synchronized using the TCP
frames contained in the data stream.

A fault can occur if the fed transport stream does not contain a TCP. In
this case, the status display of the active input would signal a corre­sponding TCP fault.

Indicates whether mobile data is contained in the input data stream.

This display is only available if Mobile DTV has been set to "On".

Indicates the set RF watermark level.

The setting can be changed here.

It is the level of the RF watermark signal relative to the useful signal.

If "Off" is set, no RF watermark signal is generated. The RF watermark
allows a distinction to be made between the RF signals of individual
transmitters in single‑frequency networks for measuring purposes. To
enable this, the transmitter ID, for example, is transmitted cyclically in
the watermark.

0 to 8191 Maintenance

Locked,
Unlocked

Found, Not found Read only

‒21 dB to ‒
39 dB in steps of
3 dB, Off

Read only

Maintenance

Network ID
(Localization)

Tx Address
(Localization)

Indicates the set network ID.

The setting can be changed here.

Using the network ID, several transmitters in a single‑frequency net­work can be combined to form a group. All the transmitters in a group
must be assigned different Tx addresses.

Indicates the set transmitter address.

The setting can be changed here.

The transmitter address allows a distinction to be made between the
individual transmitters in a single‑frequency network.

0 to 495 Maintenance

0 to 31 Maintenance

143Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

"Test" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Generate Test
Signal

Testmode Indicates whether one of the test signals is activated.

Indicates which test signal is to be generated.

Off

●

Switches off test signal generation.
PRBS

●

Generates a PRBS sequence instead of the payload.
Single Carrier

●

Generates an unmodulated single carrier.
The frequency of the single carrier is at the center of the band and
therefore deviates from the vision carrier frequency.
This test signal can be used to measure the phase noise of the
synthesizer. The phase noise must be measured via the RF Moni­tor Out connector (X61). The cable connected to RF Out (X60)
must be removed. In order to protect the amplifiers, this test signal
is only generated if the output of the exciter is open.

The setting can be changed here.

If a test signal is activated, decoding of the transmitted signal by the
transmitter will not be possible.

4.6.2 Setting Transmit Frequency and Output Power

The transmit frequency is configured separately for each R&S TCE900 exciter with an
accuracy of ±1 Hz. For the DVB‑T and DVB‑T2 transmission standards, the channel
center frequency must be set during this process.

Off, PRBS, Sin­gle Carrier

Off, On Read only

Maintenance

The output power of the R&S TCE900 exciters is regulated internally to +13 dBm for
DTV. It can be attenuated via an integrated attenuator by up to 9 dB (in steps of 3 dB).

Depending on the number of amplifiers that a transmitter has, the attenuator in the
R&S TCE900 exciter has to be configured as described below.

The transmit frequency and output power are configured in the following way:

► Navigate to the following using the menu bar:

"Device View (Home)" > "TX<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Output" > "Attenuation" (0 dB,
3 dB, 6 dB, 9 dB).

Attenuation setting for R&S THU9

Transmitter with 1 amplifier: 9 dB

●

Transmitter with 2 or more amplifiers: 0 dB

●

Attenuation setting for R&S TMU9/R&S TMV9

Transmitter with 1 amplifier: 9 dB

●

Transmitter with 2 or more amplifiers: 0 dB

●

144Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

4.6.3 Signal Feed

The TCE900 Exciter has a number of physical inputs depending on the modules and
software options installed. Up to two of these inputs can be used parallel to each other
for signal feed. They are referred to below as logical inputs. The assignment of physi­cal inputs to logical inputs takes place in a special task during startup of the system. All
available physical inputs can also be configured within this task. In normal operation,
the two selected logical inputs are visible in the Device View of the exciter. All settings
relevant for the logical inputs can be made directly in the Device View. The two logical
inputs are available for automatic input switchover in the event of a fault along the feed
path.

4.6.3.1 Configuring Physical Inputs

The physical inputs are configured at startup of the system in the menu
> "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Task View" > "Configure Inputs".

This function allows you to define two logical inputs from the number of available inputs
used for the redundancy of the input signal. For each logical input, you can optionally
assign a name for the fed program multiplex. This name is displayed in the transmitter
and system overview screens.

TS Feed

"Device View"

Every TCE900 Exciter which is suitable for the transmission of digital TV has two trans­port stream inputs (connector X20 and X21). The data format (ASI/SMPTE/Auto) can
be set separately for both inputs. The gross data rate and the packet length are also
displayed.

IP Feed

Depending on the installed software options, up to two independent IP feeds are avail­able in the TCE900 Exciter. During startup, each Ethernet socket (X30, X31) must be
assigned an IP address in the menu "Device View" > "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Task
View" > "Configure TS LAN". The two Ethernet sockets are linked to two logical IP
streams which contain additional configuration parameters. Both IP streams support
unicast and multicast streams. For multicast streams, the IP address of the multiplexer
which makes the stream available in the network must also be specified. It is possible
to assign both logical IP streams to the same physical socket, but to specify different
multicast addresses. This provides maximum flexibility with regard to different redun­dancy scenarios in the feed path.

The IP addresses for the Ethernet sockets are configured in the "Configure TS LAN"
task and only become effective after the TCE900 Exciter has been restarted.

145Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Settings for Input 1/2 (Transport Stream and IP Stream)

"Transport Stream (TS 1/2)" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Exciter ATSC

Stream Status Indicates whether a valid serial data stream is being

fed to the transmitter via the TS1/2 IN sockets (X20/
X21). If a fault is displayed here, first check the setting
of the TS type (ASI/SMPTE).

Packet Length Indicates the detected packet length of the transport

stream.

MIP (SIP, IIP) Indicates whether the control information required for

SFN mode is contained in the data stream. The dis­played name depends on the modulation standard. An
error can also be displayed in MFN mode if the coder
settings are to be automatically controlled via the trans­port stream.

Gross data rate Shows the total data rate at the TS feed including stuff-

ing bytes.

Payload data rate Indicates the information data rate without stuffing

bytes on the TS feed. This value is only available if
MFN is set (multiple‑frequency network), i.e. SFN mode
(single‑frequency network) must be set to OFF.

Data rate Indicates whether the data rate of the payload matches

the selected coder settings.

Multiplex Name Here, you can assign any desired name for the multi-

plex contained in this transport stream. This name is
displayed in the transmitter overview and, in the case
of n+1 systems, in the automatic transmitter switchover
function.

OK, No
Stream

OK, No, Fail Read Only

1200000 bps Read Only

OK, Too
Low, Too
High, No Sig­nal

<20 charac­ters>

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read / Write

"IP Stream (IP 1/2)" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Stream Status (Status) Indicates whether a valid data stream is being fed to

the transmitter via the IP feed. If a fault is indicated,
check the settings of the IP stream and the Ethernet
interface.

Packet Length (Status) Indicates the detected packet length of the IP stream.

Gross data rate (Sta­tus)

Payload data rate (Sta­tus)

Data rate Indicates whether the data rate of the payload matches

Indicates the total data rate (gross data rate) on the IP
feed.

Indicates the information data rate of the multiplex con­tained in the IP stream.

the selected coder settings.

OK, No
Stream

1200000 bps Read Only

OK, Too
Low, Too
High, No Sig­nal

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

146Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Name Description Value range Access right

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

MIP (SIP, IIP) Indicates whether the control information required for

SFN mode is contained in the data stream. The dis­played name depends on the modulation standard. An
error can also be displayed in MFN mode if the coder
settings are to be automatically controlled via the trans­port stream.

RJ45 Connector (Set­tings)

Protocol (Settings) Used to select the used network protocol.

Streaming Mode (Set­tings)

Used to define the physical network interface to which
the logical IP stream is bound. Normally, the TS LAN 1
socket (X30) is coupled to IP stream 1 and the TS LAN
2 socket (X31) to IP stream 2. This allows you to use
multiple redundant servers that can be selected auto­matically using the automatic input signal switchover.
However, it is also possible to feed several multicast
streams via the same physical Ethernet socket. In this
case, too, the automatic input signal switchover func­tion can toggle automatically between two data
streams.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) for easy, connec-

●

tionless communication.
RTP (Realtime Transport Protocol) for packet‑ori-

●

ented communication.

Used to set the used type of network streaming.

Unicast: The multiplexer sends the suitable IP

●

stream to the IP address of the TV transmitter.
Multicast: The TV transmitter subscribes to a mul-

●

ticast IP stream that can be provided by the multi­plexer in the feed network to several transmitters
at the same time.

OK, No, Fail Read Only

TS LAN1, TS
LAN2

Auto, UDP,
RTP

Multicast,
Unicast

Maintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

Port (Settings) Used to set the port number under which the transport

stream is expected.

IP Address (Settings) Displays the IP address of the generator in Multicast

mode. In Unicast mode, the IP address of the selected
RJ45 socket of the TCE900 is displayed here. In Multi­cast mode you can change the IP address here.

Multiplex Name (Set­tings)

Here, you can assign any desired name for the multi­plex contained in this transport stream. This name is
displayed in the transmitter overview and, in the case
of n+1 systems, in the automatic transmitter switchover
function.

0 to 65535 Maintenance

<20 charac­ters>

Maintenance (Read Only)

Read / Write

147Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

"Settings" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Exciter ATSC

Mute on Input Fail
(Input Control of Input
1 / Input 2)

Input Fail Delay (Input
Control of Input 1 /
Input 2)

Force Exciter Change­over (On loss Of Input
Signal)

Used to determine whether the output signal of the
exciter is to be shut down if the input signal of all avail­able inputs fails, or whether "null packets" are to be
sent. This switch is available in multiple‑frequency net­works (MFN) only. In single‑frequency networks (SFN),
the exciter will always mute if no decodable input signal
is fed.

Used to set the length of the checkout time which must
expire after detection of an input signal fault before the
exciter displays a fault. If a short checkout time is set,
the system can quickly switch over to a standby exciter
if all input signals of the exciter fail. If a long checkout
time is set, there will be enough time in the event of a
fault to switch to an alternative feed path so that the
exciter is prevented from switching over to a redun­dancy component.

Used to determine whether switchover to another
redundant exciter is to take place if the input signal
fails. This function is available for all redundancy sys­tems (dual drive, backup exciter and n+1). In the "Yes"
position, an exciter fault is signaled to the higher‑level
redundancy control unit, which decides whether to
switch over to another exciter or transmitter. In the "No"
position, no switchover takes place.

"Task View Config" parameters

No, Yes Read / Write

0 s to 600 s Read / Write

No (Create
Warning),
Yes (Create
Fault)

Read / Write

"Device View" > "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B"

> "Task View" > "Configure Inputs" > "Con-

fig"

Name Description Value range Access right

Logical Input 1/2 Used to configure the input interfaces used for two

inputs, independently of each other. To test the "seam­less switching" function, it is possible to select the
same input interface for both inputs. The selection
options for the data sources are determined by the
installed input interfaces and option keys.

Multiplex 1/2 Name Here, you can assign any desired name for the multi-

plex contained in this transport stream. This name is
displayed in the transmitter overview and, in the case
of N+1 systems, in the automatic transmitter switchover
function.

Monitor Out For measuring purposes, any input signal can be

switched to the TS Monitor-Out socket (X22). The
selection options for the data sources are determined
by the installed input interfaces and option keys.

IP MUX 1/2 Indicates whether a valid data stream is being fed to

the transmitter via the IP feed. If a fault is indicated,
check the settings of the IP stream and the Ethernet
interface.

Variable Maintenance

Stream OK,
No Stream

Maintenance

Maintenance

Query

148Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

"Task View TS Feed" parameters

"Device View"

> "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Task View" > "Configure Inputs" > "TS

Feed"

or: "Device View" > "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Input 1 | 2" > "Transport Stream"

Name Description Value range Access rights

TS 1/2 Type Used to set the data format for the data streams at X20

and X21.

Auto: The data format is detected automatically

●

ASI: Manual setting for an ASI transport stream

●

SMPTE: Manual setting for an SMPTE transport

●

stream

Gross data rate Indicates the total data rate on the IP feed.

Stream Status Indicates whether a valid serial data stream is being

fed to the transmitter via the TS1/2 IN sockets (X20/
X21). If a fault is displayed here, first check the setting
of the TS type (ASI/SMPTE).

Packet Length Indicates the detected packet length of the transport

stream.

MIP/IIP/TCP+DB Depending on the selected TV standard, this indicates

whether additional information for operation in sin­gle‑frequency networks (SFN) is present in the data
stream.

Auto, ASI,
SMPTE

OK, No
Stream

Maintenance

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

"Settings" parameters

"Device View"

Name Description Value range Access right

Mute (on Input Fail) Used to define the operating behavior when the active

input fails. This parameter is available in MFN mode
only.

No – In this mode, the output signal is not sup-

●

pressed if the active input fails. Null packets are
output instead.
Yes – If the active input fails, the output signal is

●

suppressed.

Input Fail Delay Used to set a delay time which must elapse following

an input signal failure before the output signal is sup­pressed and a sum fault is generated.

Force Exciter Change­over

Used to determine whether switchover to another
redundant exciter is to take place if the input signal
fails. This function is available for all redundancy sys­tems (dual drive, backup exciter and N+1).

Yes – In the "Yes" position, an exciter fault is sig-

●

naled to the higher‑level redundancy control unit
which decides whether to switch over to another
exciter or transmitter.
No – In the "No" position, no switchover takes

●

place.

> "Tx<n>" > "Exciter A | B" > "Input 1 | 2" > "Settings"

No, Yes Maintenance

0 s to 600 s Maintenance

Yes, No Maintenance

149Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

4.6.3.2 Input Signal Switchover

The R&S®TCE900 in the R&S®TCE900 Exciter configuration has an automatic switch­over function which, in the event of a signal failure at one logical input, switches over to
the other logical input (provided that a valid input signal is available at the other logical
input). Before a failure occurs, the preselected input is active. The way in which this
automatic switchover function operates is determined by the following factors:

Automatic input switchover ON/OFF

If automatic switchover is OFF, the preselected input remains active even if the input
signal fails. If automatic switchover is ON and there is a failure at the (preselected)
input, switchover to the standby input takes place.

Input priority (Preferred Input = Logical Input 1/2)

Following switchover of the priority logical input to the standby input, the automatic sys­tem switches back to this priority input as soon as a signal returns. All switchover oper­ations are delayed for the set delay times. If the signal fails at both the operating input
and the standby input, the priority input always remains active.

Inputs with equal priority (Preferred Input = none)

Following switchover of the active logical input, the second input with the same priority
remains active until the input signal fails on this input also. The automatic system
switches back to the preselected input, but only if a signal is present on it once again
(and if "Switch to" is set to
the set delay times.

"reserve & back"). All switchover operations are delayed for

Selecting this operating mode minimizes the number of switchover operations and, in
certain cases, the number of breaks in transmission.

Direction of switchover (Switch to)

The "reserve and back"

switch position enables switchover in both directions, i.e. to
and from the standby input, depending on which of the two logical inputs is currently
faulty.

The "reserve" switch position ensures that switchover takes place once only. Following
switchover, the automatic system switches to "switched" and the "Active" indicator dis­appears.

Switchback to the preselected input takes place when the active input is switched over
by pressing the input selector switch (Selector) and then selecting the preselected
input.

If the switch is set to "reserve", the switchback to the preselected input is suppressed.

150Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Seamless switching

The automatic input signal switchover function has an operating mode which permits
seamless switching between two inputs. Seamless switching is activated using the
"Seamless" switch. If seamless switching is possible, the switchover always takes
place immediately, irrespective of the set guard times. Seamless switching is available
without restriction for operation in single‑frequency networks (SFN). For operation in
MFNs, it is necessary to set the maximum expected delay time between the two signal
feeds. The signal which arrives earlier is delayed by the set time and the signal which
arrives later is adjusted to the earlier signal. The currently measured delay between the
two inputs is displayed to provide an adjustment aid. In SFN and MFN mode, signals
can be fed via two different media (e.g. ASI and IP).

Manual switchover between inputs

Manual switchover is possible when the automatic input signal switchover function is
both on and off.

Switchover with automatic input signal switchover OFF

●

The input can be switched over in the

"Home" > "Transmitter" > "Exciter" menu by
pressing the input selector switch ("Selector") and then selecting the desired input
"Selected Input".

Switchover with automatic input signal switchover ON

●

The input can be switched over in the "Home" > "Transmitter" > "Exciter" menu by
pressing the input selector switch ("Selector") and then selecting the desired input
"Selected Input" if the two inputs are configured with equal priority (Preferred Input
= None).
If one of the inputs is configured as having priority, switchover is performed by
changing the priority input "Preferred Input" in the same menu.

"Automatic input signal switchover" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Automatic (State) Indicates the state of the automatic input signal switchover function.

Seamless Switch­ing

Automatic Activates automatic switchover of the input signal to the standby input

Off:

●

The automatic switchover function is switched off.
Active:

●

The automatic switchover function is ready to switch the currently
active input over to the input currently not in use as soon as the
input signal of the currently active input fails.
Changed:

●

The automatic switchover function has switched over from the
preferred input to the standby input. "Changed" is only displayed if
switchback is not permitted. ("Switch to" = reserve)

Indicates whether seamless switching of the input signal is possible.

"Not Possible" appears if only one input signal is fed, if two different
data streams are present at the two inputs or if in MFN mode the set
"Max Delay between Inputs" is not sufficient to align the two signals
with each other. If seamless switching is possible, it always takes place
immediately when required, regardless of whether a "Guard Time to
Reserve" or "Guard Time Back" has been set.

if the preferred input fails.

Off, Active,
Changed

not Possible,
Possible

Off, On Operation

Read Only

Read Only

151Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Name Description Value range Access right

Preferred Input Used to select the preferred input which the automatic input signal

switchover function should use whenever possible.

Selected Input Used to select the active input to be used when the automatic input

signal switchover function is off. If the automatic switchover function is
on, the input can be switched over using this switch if Preferred Input is
set to "No Preference" or a switchover to the standby input has taken
place. Switchover of the input is otherwise performed using the "Prefer­red Input" switch.

Switch to Used to set the operational response of the automatic switchover func-

tion.

"To Reserve Only":

●

The automatic switchover function switches over once from the
preferred input to the standby input and then assumes the "not
ready" state. Switching the active input over manually to the pre­ferred input reactivates the automatic switchover function.
"To Reserve and Back":

●

Following successful switchover to the standby input, the auto­matic switchover function can also switch back automatically if the
signal at the standby input fails.

Guard Time to
Reserve

Guard Time Back Used to set a guard time which must elapse before the automatic

Used to set a guard time which must elapse before the automatic
switchover function switches over to the standby input if the input sig­nal at the preferred input fails. The set guard time has no effect if
seamless switching is possible. In this case, the switchover always
takes place immediately without interruption (i.e. seamlessly).

switchover function switches back to the preferred input if the input sig­nal at the standby input fails. If seamless switching is possible, switch­over always takes place immediately without interruption regardless of
the set guard time. If "to Reserve Only" was selected as the "Direc­tion", the set guard time has no effect.

Input 1, Input 2,
None

Input 1, Input 2 Operation

Reserve Only,
Reserve & Back

Operation

Maintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

If Reserve Fails Used to determine whether the signal at the standby input is to be

monitored.

If the transmitter is operated with only one input signal or the

●

standby input is connected only temporarily, "Do Not Show Warn­ing" must be selected.
If two redundant input signals are normally supplied to the trans-

●

mitter, "Show Warning" must be selected.

4.6.4 Controlling Time of Transmission in Single-Frequency Networks (SFN)

For operation in single-frequency networks (SFN), the R&S®TCE900 exciter has a
function which allows the time at which the signal is transmitted to be controlled. In the
SFN, time synchronization of all exciters in the network is performed using a seconds
pulse (PPS), which is generally obtained at the exciter site via GPS satellites.

Controlling time of transmission

Control of the time of transmission is switched on and off in the
> "Transmitter" > "Exciter" > "SFN Regulation" menu ("Time Synchronization" tab) by
means of the "SFN Sync" switch (On (SFN) / Off (MFN)). This function can only be
used if the exciter has a time reference.

Do Not Show
Warning, Show
Warning

"Device View (Home)"

Maintenance

152Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

To operate the transmitter with an integrated GPS receiver, an appropriate software
option must be activated using an option code.

The following options are available:

Feed of an external PPS signal (pulse per second)

●

Use of an integrated GPS receiver (requires option key)

●

If the time reference fails during operation, the exciter can revert to its integrated fre­quency control function (see the chapter "Frequency Control") and calculate a highly
precise PPS internally.To do so, the exciter only needs to be able to synchronize with a
PPS once for a few seconds after it has started.

If the time and frequency reference fail at the same time, Holdover Mode becomes
active. In this operating mode, the accuracy of "time of transmission" control depends
on the frequency stability of the integrated, temperature‑stabilized 10 MHz crystal oscil­lator (OXCO).

Since, in Holdover Mode, calculation of the time of transmission becomes increasingly
inaccurate over time, the output signal of the exciter can be switched off after a config­urable Guard Time.

Special features

With ATSC, up to three different synchronization types are supported.

An appropriate software option must be activated using an option code for the respec­tive synchronization type.

R&S Mobile

●

If mobile content is transmitted and a Rohde & Schwarz AEM100 Emission
Mux/SFN inserter is used, the "RSMobile" synchronization type must be selected.

R&S A53

●

If normal content is transmitted and a Rohde & Schwarz AEM100 Emission
Mux/SFN inserter is used, the "RSA53" synchronization type must be selected.

A/110

●

In the case of the standard‑conforming SFN synchronization corresponding to
ATSC A/110B, the "A/110" synchronization type must be selected. It contains a
compatible expansion to allow use of Mobile DTV.

With the synchronization types "R&S Mobile" and "A/110", a distinction is also made as
to whether the time of transmission is to be synchronized primarily using data from the
TCP information or using data from the dummy bytes.

Setting and display of time of transmission

In the "Device View (Home)"
("SFN Delay" tab), the time of transmission is displayed relative to the reference time.

The time of transmission can be adapted individually by setting an additional static
delay.

> "Transmitter" > "Exciter" > "SFN Regulation" menu

153Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

The following delays occur:

Maximum Delay

●

Time taken for the signal to travel from the playout center (MIP inserter) to the
transmit antenna for regular transmission. This delay is set in the SFN adapter and
is the default for all transmitters of the SFN.

Network Delay

●

Time taken for the signal to travel from the playout center (SFN adapter) to the
input of the exciter. With IP feed, the time for forward error correction (FEC) and
packet reordering is added to the Network Delay. This delay depends on the used
transmission path.

Processing Delay

●

Minimum transit time of the signal through the exciter. This delay depends on the
set transmission parameters.

Dynamic Delay

●

Period of time by which signal processing is delayed artificially in order to achieve
the desired time of transmission.

Total Delay

●

Actual transit time of the signal through the exciter. This time is the sum of Pro­cessing Delay plus Dynamic Delay.

Static SFN Delay

●

Positive or negative offset (set manually for the individual transmitter location) of
the time of transmission relative to the regular time of transmission preset under
Maximum Delay. The Static SFN Delay is used to compensate for differences
between transmission systems from different manufacturers.

Dispatch Time

●

This is the actual time of transmission. It is the network‑wide Maximum Delay plus
the transmitter‑specific Static SFN Delay.

154Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Fig. 4-6: Delays in SFN

1 = Time of the signal infeed (MIP inserter)
2 = Signal feed at the exciter (Ts x IN)
3 = Regular time of transmission for the station (Tx)
4 = Individually corrected time of transmission for the station (Dispatch Time)

4.6.4.1 Settings

"Time Synchronization" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)"

●

> "Tx<n > " > "Exciter A | B" >"SFN Regulation" >

"Time Synchronization"

Name Description Value range Access right

Source The suitable signal source for synchronizing the time of

transmission can be selected in this list.

Ext. PPS Indicates whether a seconds pulse is present at the

1PPS_IN socket (X23) at the TCE.

Int. GPS PPS Indicates whether the integrated GPS receiver is

returning a stable seconds pulse (PPS). This function
must have been enabled by installing an option key in
the TCE.

External
PPS, Internal
GPS

No Signal,
Inaccurate,
OK

No Signal,
Inaccurate,
OK

Maintenance

Read only

Read only

155Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Name Description Value range Access right

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

SFN Sync Used to activate time synchronization.

SFN Sync Mode Used to define the type of time synchronization. This

PPS State Indicates whether the internally formed PPS is

Off (MFN): The time of transmission is not control-

●

led.
Dynamic (SFN): The time of transmission of a

●

symbol is the same for all the transmitters of a sin­gle‑frequency network (SFN).

switch is available only after the appropriate software
options have been enabled.

RSMobile: For transmitting mobile content and

●

when using a Rohde & Schwarz AEM100 Emis­sion Mux/SFN inserter.
RSA53: When transmitting normal content and

●

when using a Rohde & Schwarz AEM100 Emis­sion Mux/SFN inserter.
A/110: For standard‑conforming SFN synchroniza-

●

tion corresponding to ATSC A/110B. It contains a
compatible expansion to allow use of Mobile DTV.

With the synchronization types "R&S Mobile" and "A/
110", a distinction can also be made as to whether the
time of transmission is to be synchronized primarily
using data from the TCP information or using data from
the dummy bytes.

phase‑synchronized with the frequency control.

OK: The PPS is phase‑synchronized with the fre-

●

quency control.
Holdover: The PPS and the reference frequency of

●

the frequency control have failed. Time synchroni­zation is now performed with the accuracy of the
integrated crystal oscillator (OCXO).
Holdover Expired: The maximum time for which

●

the transmitter is permitted to remain in holdover
mode has expired (see the Frequency Control
menu).
Missing: No PPS signal has been detected since

●

the TCE900 exciter was last started.

If "OK" is not displayed, the signal source of the fre­quency control must be checked.

Off (MFN),
Dynamic
(SFN)

RSMobile,
RSA53,
A/110

OK, Hold­over, Hold­over expired,
Missing

Maintenance

Maintenance

Read only

Max. Deviation Used to select the maximum permitted deviation of the

time of transmission relative to the internally controlled
reference frequency. If the set value is exceeded, the
absolute time of transmission is recalculated. This cau­ses a brief signal failure (mute).

SFN State Indicates whether or not the fed signal can be transmit-

ted in a time‑synchronous manner. If the "No Time Ref­erence" fault message is displayed, the reference feed
of the Time Synchronization and the Frequency Regu­lation must be checked. If the "No Time Information"
fault message is displayed, it must be checked whether
the control information for the time of transmission is
contained in the data stream. (See the "Input" menu.)

"SFN Delay" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)"

●

> "Tx<n > " > "Exciter A | B" >"SFN Regulation" >

"SFN Delay"

0 s to 100 μs

SFN Resync,
No Time
Information,
No Time Ref­erence, SFN
Resync, In
Time

Read only

Read only

156Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Name Description Value range Access rights

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Maximum Delay Time taken for the signal to travel from the playout cen-

ter to the transmit antenna for regular transmission.
This delay is set at the SFN adapter and is the default
for all transmitters of the dynamic SFN.

Network Delay Time taken for the signal to travel from the playout cen-

ter to the input of the signal processing unit. This delay
depends on the used transmission path. If an IP feed is
used, the FEC processing time is a component of the
Network Delay.

Processing Delay Indicates the internal transit time for signal processing

in the exciter. It depends on the configured modulation
parameters.

Dynamic Delay Indicates the signal delay controlled by the SFN (sin-

gle‑frequency network) synchronization which is
required in order to meet the desired time of transmis­sion exactly. The displayed value contains the set
Static Delay Offset as well as the Tx Time Offset (if
available).

Total Delay Indicates the total transit time of the signal through the

transmitter. It is the sum of Processing Delay plus
Dynamic Delay.

Static SFN Delay Positive or negative offset (set manually for the individ-

ual transmitter site) of the time of transmission relative
to the regular time of transmission preset under Maxi­mum Delay. The Static Delay is used to compensate
differences between transmission systems from differ­ent manufacturers.

0 s to 1 s Read only

0 s to 1 s Read only

0 s to 1 s Read only

0 s to 1 s Read only

0 s to 1 s Read only

0 s to 1 s Maintenance

Dispatch Time Time from the point at which the signal leaves the play-

out center until its actual transmission at the transmit
antenna. This delay corresponds to the Maximum
Delay (compulsory for all transmitters in an SFN) plus
Static Delay Offset plus Tx Time Offset (if available).

4.6.5 Using Frequency Control

The R&S TCE900 in the R&S TCE900 exciter configuration has a transmit frequency
control function.

Depending on the accuracy and stability requirements, one of two operating modes
can be selected for the transmitter.

To operate the transmitter with an integrated GPS receiver, an appropriate software
option must be activated using an option code.

Free‑wheeling mode

●

Here the transmit frequency is formed from a temperature‑stabilized 10 MHz crys­tal oscillator (TCXO).
The frequency stability is sufficient for continuous operation in multiple frequency
networks (MFN).

0 s to 1 s Read only

157Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Operation with reference frequency

●

Here the transit frequency is stabilized by means of a reference frequency. The fol­lowing options are available:

External 10 MHz reference frequency

–

– External PPS (pulse per second)

– Built-in GPS receiver.

The frequency stability and frequency accuracy which can be achieved in this way
fulfill the increased requirements for operation of the transmitter in single‑frequency
networks. If several reference signals are available at the same time, automatic
selection of the most suitable reference frequency is possible.

If the reference signal fails, the transmitter switches over to Holdover Mode and fre­quency control operates with the accuracy of the temperature‑stabilized 10 MHz crystal
oscillator (OXCO).

Since, in Holdover Mode, frequency control becomes increasingly inaccurate over
time, the output signal of the exciter can be switched off after a configurable Guard
Time.

In the case of reference signals with major fluctuations (jitter), e.g. with non‑controlled
external GPS receivers, a jitter correction function can be activated.

For measuring purposes, the used reference signal or one of the reference signals pro­cessed internally in the exciter can be output via the Monitor-Out socket (X24).

"Frequency Regulation" parameters

Path:"Device View (Home)" > "Tx<n>" > "Exciter" > "Frequency Regulation" > Tab

●

"Frequency Regulation"

Name Description Value range Access right

Ext. 10 MHz (Input) Indicates whether an external 10 MHz reference is

present at the REF_IN (X64) socket on the R&S
TCE900.

Source (Input) The suitable signal source for the frequency reference

can be either detected automatically or preselected in
this list. If multiple signal sources are connected simul­taneously in "Auto" position, an external reference is
given preference for selection before the internal GPS.
In "Manual" position, the internal crystal oscillator
(OCXO) is calibrated manually and the transmitter can
be operated completely without an external reference
source (not suitable for single-frequency networks).

Ext PPS (Input) Indicates whether a seconds pulse is present at the

1PPS_IN socket (X23) at the R&S TCE900.

No Signal,
Inaccurate,
OK

Manual, Ext.
5 MHz, Ext.
10 MHz, Ext.
PPS, Int.
PPS GPS,
Auto

No Signal,
Inaccurate,
OK

Read only

Read only

Read only

Current Source (input) Shows the signal source used currently for frequency

regulation.

Manual, Ext.
5 MHz, Ext.
10 MHz, Ext.
PPS, Int.
GPS

Read only

158Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Name Description Value range Access right

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Int. GPS PPS (Input) Indicates whether the integrated GPS receiver is

returning a stable seconds pulse (PPS). This function
must have been enabled by installing an option key in
the TCE.

Manual OCXO (regula­tor)

Reference (regulator) Indicates the state of the reference used. In single‑fre-

Freq. Stability (regula­tor)

Monitor Out (regulator) Used to select the signal to be output at the Monitor

Enables manual adjustment of the internal crystal oscil­lator. To allow this, a frequency counter which is
synchronized via a highly accurate reference must be
connected via the monitor output.

quency networks, a failure of the reference can cause a
malfunction and thus lead to switchover of the exciter.

Indicates the frequency accuracy of the regulator. The
highest possible accuracy ("Excellent") is only reached
at least 24 hours after switching on the exciter. This
ensures that if the reference fails, there are no faults in
single‑frequency networks before the guard time runs
out.

Out socket (X24).

No Signal,
Inaccurate,
OK

0 to 65535 Maintenance

Fault, Warn­ing, OK

Unknown,
Inaccurate,
Good, Excel­lent

Off, Internal
5 MHz, Inter­nal 10 MHz,
Internal 1
PPS, Internal
1 PPS GPS,
Current
Source

Read only

Read only

Read only

Operation

On Ref. Fail Mute (reg­ulator)

Guard Time (regulator) This value defines for how many hours the signal pro-

Jitter Correction (Guard
Time)

Used to define the behavior if the reference source
fails.

"Never": Muting never takes place. This causes

●

faults in single‑frequency networks, especially
after power failures.
"At Startup": After a power failure, muting takes

●

place until the regulator is synchronized. If the ref­erence fails, the transmitter will continue running
as long as possible.
"After Guard Time": Muting takes place not only

●

after power failures, but also after failure of the ref­erence and expiry of the set Guard Time.

cessing should continue running without synchroniza­tion if the reference connection fails. The Guard Time is
active only if the "Freq Stability" was "Good" at the time
of the failure. The longer the time selected is, the
poorer the accuracy of the transmitting frequency will
become. In addition, the time of transmission of the sig­nal shifts. If this uses up the guard interval, reception
problems occur in single‑frequency networks.

When using an external reference source with high jit­ter, activating this function can provide better frequency
stability. With "Good" reference signals, this function
should be disabled as the regulator takes significantly
longer to attain its maximum frequency stability. When
the internal GPS is used, this function is enabled auto­matically.

Never, At
Startup, After
Guard Time

0 to 24 hours Maintenance

On, Off Maintenance

Maintenance

159Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

4.6.6 Precorrection

Each R&S®TCE900 Exciter is equipped with an adaptive precorrector, which continu­ously compensates for nonlinear distortions of the amplifiers and linear distortions of
the output filter so that, in both cases, a high‑quality signal is present at the output of
the transmitter.

Adaptive nonlinear precorrection

For adaptive nonlinear precorrection, enter a minimum shoulder distance that must not
be undershot. The precorrector will calculate a new precorrection curve as soon as a
shoulder distance below the set value is measured.

The adaptive precorrection can be stopped if necessary (Adaptive Predistortion =
Stop). The current precorrection curve remains in effect.

For measuring purposes, the adaptive nonlinear precorrector can be bypassed (Adap­tive Predistortion = Bypass) so that the R&S®TCE900 Exciter returns an undistorted
signal at its RF output.

The precorrector can be restarted manually (Reset), making it possible to calculate a
better precorrection curve, even if the shoulder distance has not yet been undershot.
The current precorrection curve is lost as a result.

Adaptive linear precorrection

With adaptive linear precorrection, limit values for amplitude (Amplitude Ripple) and
group delay (Group Delay Ripple) must be set. The precorrector will calculate a new
precorrection curve as soon as the limit values are exceeded.

The adaptive precorrection can be stopped if necessary (Adaptive Predistortion =
Stop). The current precorrection curve remains in effect.

For measuring purposes, the adaptive linear precorrector can be bypassed (Adaptive
Predistortion = Bypass) so that the R&S®TCE900 Exciter returns an undistorted signal
at its RF output.

The precorrector can be restarted manually (Reset), making it possible to calculate a
better precorrection curve, even if the shoulder distance has not yet been undershot.
The current precorrection curve is lost as a result.

The adaptive adjustment of nonlinear precorrection is not available for analog TV
standards.

Crest factor reduction

Available as an option for all COFDM standards

The crest factor feature provides the possibility of improving the signal parameters
"MER" and "Shoulder Distance" separately. Additionally, the signal can be improved
and the DC supply voltage reduced at the amplifier to increase efficiency; this simulta­neously reduces the crest factor of the transmitter.

160Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Sound phase shifter

Only available for analog TV standards

The sound phase shifter modifies the phase of the sound subcarrier as a function of
the low-frequency modulation of the picture signal.

When the sound phase shifter is switched on, its characteristic is determined using two
onset points.

The reference for setting the position is initially a value of 37.5 % for the back porch.
Smaller values are in the range of the sync pulse, whereby a value of 15 % corre­sponds to a sync‑pulse amplitude of 300 mV. Larger values are in the picture range,
whereby a value of 90 % corresponds to a picture amplitude of 700 mV.

An additional condition is that the setting for onset point 1 must always be greater than
that of onset point 2. The sharpness of the two onset points is determined by the slope
of the characteristic at these points. The magnitude of the setting determines the mag­nitude of the phase shift, whereby a setting of 50 % specifies the maximum value. The
sign of the setting value determines whether the phase is shifted in the positive or neg­ative direction.

When the characteristic is calculated, it is divided into three linear areas by the two
onset points.

No phase shift takes place for modulation of the picture signal in the area between the
two onset points, i.e. a correction phase of 0° is set.

A correction phase unequal to 0° is set in the case of picture signal modulation which is
greater than the position of onset point 1. The characteristic in this area begins with a
correction phase of 0°, with modulation corresponding to the position of onset point 1,
and increases linearly up to the maximum phase set with slope 1, with 100 % modula­tion of the picture signal.

Similarly, a correction phase unequal to 0° is also set in the case of picture signal mod­ulation which is smaller than the position of onset point 2. The characteristic in this
area begins with a correction phase of 0°, with modulation corresponding to the posi­tion of onset point 2, and increases linearly up to the maximum phase set with slope 2,
with 0 % modulation of the picture signal.

"Non Linear" parameters

Path:Device View (Home) > Transmitter > Exciter > Pre-Correction > Non Linear

●

161Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Name Description Value range Access right

Adaptive Precor­rection (Settings)

Status (Settings) Indicates the status of the nonlinear precorrector.

The nonlinear precorrector is used to compensate amplifier faults. The
quality of precorrection affects the shoulder distance of the output sig­nal.

The setting can be changed here.

Bypass

●

The nonlinear precorrector is deactivated. The signal is not modi­fied inside the exciter.

Stop

●

Adaptive precorrection is deactivated. The correction curve that
was determined last is active inside the exciter.

Run

●

Digital TV standards only: The adaptive precorrector is active.
The best possible precorrection curve to compensate amplitude
and phase errors of the amplifiers is determined continuously.
Analog TV standards only: The automatic precorrector is active.
The best possible precorrection curve to compensate amplitude
and phase errors of the amplifiers is determined once. The pre­corrector then enters "Stop" mode. The program is interrupted
during precorrection.

In certain situations, it may be advisable to have a suitable precorrec­tion curve determined automatically first and then to switch adaptive
precorrection to "Stop" so that the found precorrection curve can no
longer change.

Calculation of a new precorrection curve can be forced by performing
a reset.

Idle

●

The precorrector is not active.

Acquisition

●

The precorrector is currently recording new measurement values.

Calculation

●

The precorrector is currently calculating a new precorrection
curve.

Bypass, Stop,
Run

Idle, Acquisition,
Calculation

Maintenance

Read Only

Input Level (Set­tings)

Reset (Settings) Resets the precorrection. If the precorrector is in "run" mode, a new

Shoulder Distance
(Shoulders)

Shoulder Left
(Shoulders)

Shoulder Right
(Shoulders)

Signal Limiter
(Limiter)

Indicates whether the level of the input signal is sufficient. "No Input"
appears if the transmitter is off or if the connection to the RF test point
is interrupted.

precorrection curve is calculated.

Indicates the minimum shoulder distance that is to be achieved by the
adaptive nonlinear precorrector.

The setting can be changed here.

The precorrector will calculate a new precorrection curve as soon as a
shoulder distance below the set value is measured.

Indicates the shoulder distance attained by the circuit for automatic
switchover, measured in the left part of the signal spectrum.

Indicates the shoulder distance attained by the circuit for automatic
switchover, measured in the right part of the signal spectrum.

Limits the signal at the input of the nonlinear precorrector.

The setting can be changed here.

OK, Too Low,
Too High, No
Input

30 dB to 45 dB Maintenance

6 dB to 12 dB Maintenance

Read Only

Maintenance

Read Only

Read Only

162Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

"Linear" parameters

Path:Device View (Home) > Transmitter > Exciter > Pre-Correction > Linear

●

Name Description Value range Access right

Adaptive Precor­rection (Settings)

Status (Settings) Indicates the status of the linear precorrector.

The linear precorrector is used to compensate output filter faults. The
quality of precorrection affects the amplitude and group delay ripple of
the output signal.

The setting can be changed here.

Bypass

●

The linear precorrector is deactivated. The signal is not modified
inside the exciter.

Stop

●

Adaptive precorrection is deactivated. The correction curve that
was determined last is active inside the exciter.

Run

●

Digital TV standards only: The adaptive precorrector is active.
The best possible precorrection curve to compensate for ampli­tude and group delay errors caused by the output filter is deter­mined continuously.
Analog TV standards only: The automatic precorrector is active.
The best possible precorrection curve to compensate for ampli­tude and group delay errors caused by the output filter is deter­mined once. The precorrector then enters "Stop" mode. The pro­gram is interrupted during precorrection.

In certain situations, it may be advisable to have a suitable precorrec­tion curve determined automatically first and then to switch adaptive
precorrection to "Stop" so that the found precorrection curve can no
longer change.

Idle

●

The precorrector is not active.

Acquisition

●

The precorrector is currently recording new measurement values.

Calculation

●

The precorrector is currently calculating a new precorrection
curve.

Bypass, Stop,
Run

Idle, Acquisition,
Calculation

Maintenance

Read Only

Input Level (Set­tings)

Slope (Settings) Indicates the asymmetry compensation caused by the RF cable used

Reset (Settings) Resets the precorrection. If the precorrector is in "run" mode, a new

Amplitude Ripple
Limit (Amplitude
Ripple Limiter)

Indicates whether the level of the input signal is sufficient. "No Input"
appears if the transmitter is off.

between the RF test point downstream of the output filter and the input
of the linear precorrector.

The setting can be changed here.

precorrection curve is calculated.

Indicates the desired maximum amplitude ripple at the output of the fil­ter. If the circuit for automatic switchover is switched on, the precorrec­tor attempts to modify the signal to such an extent that the amplitude
ripple remains below the specified limit.

The setting can be changed here.

OK, Too Low,
Too High, No
Input

-1 dB to 1 dB Maintenance

0 dB to 2 dB Maintenance

Read Only

Maintenance

163Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter ATSC

Name Description Value range Access right

Amplitude Ripple
(Amplitude Ripple
Limiter)

Amplitude Ripple
(Amplitude Ripple
Limiter)

Group Delay Limit
(Group Delay Lim­iter)

Group Delay
(Group Delay Lim­iter)

Group Delay Rip­ple (Group Delay
Ripple)

Indicates whether the limit set for the amplitude ripple can be achieved
by the linearity corrector.

If the limit was chosen too low, a warning is displayed. In this case, the
corrector will retain the last-calculated curve.

Indicates the residual ripple in the amplitude frequency response
attained by the circuit for automatic switchover in dB.

Indicates the desired maximum group delay ripple at the output of the
filter. If the circuit for automatic switchover is switched on, the precor­rector attempts to modify the signal to such an extent that the group
delay ripple remains below the specified limit.

The setting can be changed here.

Indicates whether the limit set for the group delay can be achieved by
the linearity corrector.

If the limit was chosen too low, a warning is displayed. In this case, the
corrector will retain the last-calculated curve.

Indicates the residual ripple in the group delay attained by the circuit
for automatic switchover in ns.

"Crest Factor" parameters

Available as an option for all COFDM standards

Limit OK, limit
unreachable

10 ns to 500 ns Maintenance

Limit OK, limit
unreachable

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Read Only

Path:Device View (Home) > Transmitter > Exciter > Pre-Correction > Crest Factor

●

Name Description Value range Access right

Reduction Activates manual crest factor reduction. This function is used to opti-

mize the efficiency of the transmitter.

Bypass

●

Deactivates the crest factor reduction.

Manual

●

Activates manual crest factor reduction.

Crest Factor Used to set the crest factor of the exciter's output signal. Setting a low

crest factor allows the efficiency of the transmitter to be increased as a
result of the lower operating voltage of the amplifiers. This can lead to
an increase in intermodulation products outside the frequency band
and to a reduction in MER.

Inband Noise Increasing this value results in a lower crest factor. This, however,

reduces MER.

Outband Noise Increasing this value produces a lower crest factor; however, this

results in an increase in intermodulation products outside the fre­quency band.

Bypass, Manual Maintenance

7 dB to 15 dB Maintenance

10% to 100% Maintenance

0% to 50% Maintenance

"Advanced Precorrection" parameters

Available for analog TV standards

Path:Device View (Home) > Transmitter > Exciter > Pre-Correction > Advanced

●

Precorrection

164Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Exciter DTMB

Name Description Value range Access right

Test Signal (Non­linear Extension)

Black Slope
(Nonlinear Exten­sion)

Grey Slope (Non­linear Extension)

White Slope
(Nonlinear Exten­sion)

Phase Correction
(FM Carrier 1/2)

Trigger Point 1/2
(FM Carrier 1/2)

Slope 1/2 (FM
Carrier 1/2)

Generates signals with different modulation in order to increase the
video S/N ratio using an external measuring instrument. Measurement
of the video S/N ratio and adjustment of the associated slopes allows
the S/N ratio to be optimized for various picture contents.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at high levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "Black" has been activated.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at medium levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "Grey" has been activated.

Used to optimize the video S/N ratio at low levels.

The value can only be changed if the nonlinear precorrector is in
"Stop" mode and the test signal "White" has been activated.

Indicates whether the sound phase shifter for carrier 1 and carrier 2 is
switched on.

The setting can be changed here.

Indicates the position defined for the respective onset point of the
phase shifter (referenced to modulation of the picture signal).

The setting can be changed here.

Indicates the value that has been set for the slope at the respective
onset point of the phase shifter.

The setting can be changed here.

Black, Grey,
White, Off

-50% to 50% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

Off, On Maintenance

0% to 100% Maintenance

-50% to 50% Maintenance

Maintenance

4.7 Exciter DTMB

4.7.1 Coder for DTMB

To operate the transmitter in DTMB mode, an appropriate software option must be acti­vated using an option key.

The DTMB transmission parameters required for coding and modulation as well as the
TPS settings (TPS = transmission parameter signaling) used and signaled during
transmission can be checked in the "Config" and "Modulation" menu fields.

The DTMB standard can be used both in single frequency networks (SFN) and multiple
frequency networks (MFN). In SFNs, the TPSs are usually set automatically by the
megaframe information packet (MIP) or second frame initialization packet (SIP); in
MFNs, the TPS parameters are usually set manually.

165Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Switchless Combiner

Name Description Value range Access right

Guard Time (regulator) This value defines for how many hours the signal pro-

cessing should continue running without synchroniza­tion if the reference connection fails. The Guard Time is
active only if the "Freq Stability" was "Good" at the time
of the failure. The longer the time selected is, the
poorer the accuracy of the transmitting frequency will
become. In addition, the time of transmission of the sig­nal shifts. If this uses up the guard interval, reception
problems occur in single‑frequency networks.

Jitter Correction (Guard
Time)

4.11 Switchless Combiner

When using an external reference source with high jit­ter, activating this function can provide better frequency
stability. With "Good" reference signals, this function
should be disabled as the regulator takes significantly
longer to attain its maximum frequency stability. When
the internal GPS is used, this function is enabled auto­matically.

The switchless combiner couples the RF output signals of two racks and feeds the total
power to the antenna. If a rack has a power drop, the switchless combiner ensures
maximum output power at the antenna by a continuous shift of the phase angle.

Operating principle

0 to 24 hours Maintenance

On, Off Maintenance

The switchless combiner consists of two 90-degree couplers and an RF tube of varia­ble length (referred to as a trombone). Changing the length makes it possible to gener­ate a variable phase shift between the two inputs. If there is a complete power drop at
an input, the power of the other input can be fed to the antenna without loss. If there is
a partial power drop at one of the two inputs, the power dissipation in the absorber is
minimized by adjusting the phase angle.

Commissioning

During commissioning, the position of the trombone has to be calibrated for different
phase angles. To do so, connect an external power meter to the absorber of the
switchless combiner.

The calibration process consists of the following work steps:

Start the calibration process.

●

Set the switchless combiner to "local".

●

Switch the signal of input 1 off.

●

Press the up/down buttons on the switchless combiner to set the trombone so that

●

the power dissipation at the absorber is minimal.

Press "Save Position"

●

Switch the signal of input 1 on and of input 2 off.

●

Press the up/down buttons on the switchless combiner to set the trombone so that

●

.

the power dissipation at the absorber is minimal.

207Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Switchless Combiner

Press "Save Position" again.

●

Switch the signal of input 2 back on.

●

End the calibration process and set the switchless combiner to "remote".

●

Finally, use the phase shifter in rack 2 to set a power maximum at the antenna.

The calibration process has to be carried out again after changing the frequency. In
addition, the switchless combiner has to be reprogrammed beforehand according to
the manufacturer's instructions.

Operation

In "Automatic" mode, the switchless combiner responds to power losses at its inputs
independently. In "Manual" mode, one of three fixed positions of the trombone can be
moved to, for example, to switch off a rack.

4.11.1 Settings

"Overview" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)"

●

> "Tx<n >" > "Output Stage" >"Switchless Combiner"

> "Overview"

Name Description Value range Access right

Automatic (Control) Switches the automatic power control of the rack

combiner on and off.

Position (Control) Indicates which input was switched to the antenna

when automatic is switched off.

The setting can be changed here.

Current Position (Regu­lation)

Status (Regulation) Indicates whether the control is currently working:

Indicates the current effective phase angle between the
two inputs. If the coupling is symmetric, the phase
angle is 90 degrees. If the switchless combiner has not
yet been calibrated for the current transmitter fre­quency, the display shows a %.

Hold: The phase angle is constant.

●

Phase decreasing/Phase increasing: The phase

●

angle is currently being changed.

Off, On Maintenance

1, 2, 1+2 Read only

0 degrees to
180 degrees,
0 % to 100 %

Hold, Phase
decreasing,
Phase
increasing

Read only

Read only

Calibration (Regulation) Indicates whether the switchless combiner has been

calibrated for the current transmitter frequency.

OK: The switchless combiner is calibrated.

●

Warning: The switchless combiner has not yet

●

been calibrated.

Access (Device Status) Indicates whether the switchless combiner is in "Local"

mode or "Remote" mode. For the control to work, the
switchless combiner has to be in "Remote" mode.

Ok, Warning Read only

Local/
Remote

Read only

208Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Switchless Combiner

Name Description Value range Access right

Link (Device Status) Indicates whether there are data communications

between the transmitter and switchless combiner.

Warning (Device Sta­tus)

Fault (Device Status) Indicates whether the switchless combiner signals an

RF Probe (Device Sta­tus)

RCB (Device Status) Indicates whether the redundancy control board in the

Indicates whether the switchless combiner signals a
warning. This indication is identical to the indication on
the control panel of the switchless combiner.

error. This indication is identical to the indication on the
control panel of the switchless combiner.

Indicates whether the test point at the antenna output
functions.

R&S TCE900 system control functions without errors.

SFN Resync,
No Time
Information,
No Time Ref­erence, SFN
Resync, In
Time

Off, Yes Read only

Off, Yes Read only

OK, Fail Read only

OK, Fail Read only

Read only

"Calibration" parameters

Path: "Device View (Home)"

●

> "Tx<n >" > "Output Stage" >"Switchless Combiner"

> "Calibration"

Name Description Value range Access right

Calibration (Calibration) Starts the calibration process. The calibration steps to

be carried out are displayed in the
after the calibration process has been started.

Save Position (Calibra­tion)

Forward Power (Cali­bration)

Transmitter (Calibra­tion)

Instruction (Calibration) Indicates the next step after starting the calibration

Rack 1-4 (Calibration) Indicates whether the respective rack is switched on.

Access Combiner (Sta­tus)

Status (Status) Indicates whether the switchless combiner has been

Saves the upper or lower position of the trombone dur­ing the calibration process.

Indicates the power at the antenna. 0 kW to

Indicates whether the transmitter is switched on.

The setting can be changed here.

process.

During the calibration process, the RF at the inputs of
the switchless combiner can be switched off using this
switch.

Indicates whether the switchless combiner is in "Local"
mode or "Remote" mode. For the control to work, the
switchless combiner has to be in "Remote" mode

calibrated for the current transmitter frequency.

"Instruction" field

Off, On Maintenance

100 kW

Off, On Maintenance

Auto/Off Maintenance

Local/
Remote

Calibrated,
Uncalibrated

Maintenance

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

209Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

Name Description Value range Access right

Position (degree) (Sta­tus)

Position (raw) (Status) Indicates the position of the trombone (unitless). 0 to 1024 Read only

4.12 Cooling System

4.12.1 Liquid Cooling (High‑Performance)

Indicates the currently set phase angle. This display is
available only if the switchless combiner has been cali­brated.

0 degrees to
180 degrees

Read only

The following illustration shows the "Cooling" menu for liquid cooling.

4.12.1.1 Configuring Switching Thresholds (Pressure) and Flow Volumes

Path:Device View (Home) > Cooling

●

210Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

Name Description Value range Access right

Type A distinction must be made between the following types:

Heat Exchangers /
Rack

Fans / Heat
Exchanger

Set Point Tempera­ture

Fault Limit (Coolant
Temperature)

R&S Standard

●

If the transmitter is connected to a 9000 series cooling sys­tem, select "R&S Standard".
If the transmitter is connected to an existing site cooling

●

system, select the "Site Cooling" setting. In this case,
warning and fault signaling lines which are routed to termi­nal x8000 of the mains distribution board (MDB) are evalu­ated.
If an FM single transmitter is connected to a simplified

●

cooling system without temperature control, select the
"R&S Small" setting.

Either 1 or 2 redundant heat exchangers can be used in each
rack. The set value affects fan monitoring and also the indica­tors on the user interface.

Either 1 or 2 fans can be used for each heat exchanger. The set
value affects fan monitoring and also the indicators on the user
interface.

At this temperature, the temperature control system will attempt
to adjust the coolant temperature by changing the fan speed at
the heat exchangers. If the temperature drops below or
exceeds the control range, the actual coolant temperature can
be higher or lower.

If the coolant temperature exceeds this value, a fault is trig­gered and the rack is shut down. In N+1 systems, this event
can lead to switchover of the transmitter.

R&S Standard,
Site Cooling,
R&S Small

1 or 2 Configuration

0, 1 or 2 Configuration

25 to 65 Configuration

50 to ‒65 Configuration

Configuration

Warning Limit (Cool­ant Temperature)

(Coolant Pressure)
Warning Limit

(Coolant Pressure)
Fault Limit

Max Fan Speed If necessary, the maximum speed of the fans at the heat

If Temperature
Exceeds Warning
Limit (Fans)

If the coolant temperature exceeds this value, a warning is trig­gered. The fault threshold is permanently set to 65 °C.

If the coolant pressure drops to this value or lower, a warning is
triggered. Normally, this value should be set higher than the
value for the corresponding "Fault Limit".

If the coolant pressure drops to this value or lower, a fault is
triggered. Normally, this value should be lower than the value
for the corresponding "Warning Limit".

exchanger can be decreased in order to reduce noise. This can,
however, result in an increase in coolant temperature or even in
shutdown of the transmitter.

If a speed limit has been activated for the fans, this switch can
be used to select how the cooling system is to respond if the
warning threshold for the return temperature is exceeded.

"Keep Fans Quiet"

●

The speed limit for the fans remains activated. The trans­mitter is shut down when the fault threshold for the return
temperature is reached.
"Rise Noise Level of Fans"

●

The set speed limit for the fans is deactivated and the fan
speed is automatically increased to max. 100 % of the
nominal speed.

40 to 65 Configuration

0 to 4 Configuration

0 to 4 Configuration

50 % to 100 % Configuration

Keep Fans
Quiet

1 = Rise Noise
Level of Fans

Configuration

211Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

Name Description Value range Access right

If Temperature
Exceeds Warning
Limit (RF)

Extra Flow Rate In addition to the minimum flow rate predetermined by the num-

Hide Pump Errors During registration of pumps on the pump bus, this switch can

Hide Fan Errors During registration of fans on the fan bus, this switch can be

Site Cooling Warning Warnings from the site cooling system are displayed here. This

Site Cooling Fault Faults at the site cooling system are displayed here. This mes-

Automatic reduction of the output power can be performed in
order to reduce the temperature level of cooling when the warn­ing threshold is exceeded. In this case, the amplifiers are auto­matically precorrected corresponding to their lower power.

ber of amplifiers, the flow can be increased in two stages if
additional components which require cooling (e.g. dummy load)
are installed.

be used to hide fault messages which could otherwise cause
the transmitter to shut down. This makes it possible to discon­nect pumps from the bus without interrupting operation.

used to hide fault messages which could otherwise cause the
transmitter to shut down. This makes it possible to disconnect
fans from the bus without interrupting operation. The switch
acts on all fans of an output stage.

message only functions if the appropriate signals from the site
cooling system are supplied via terminal x8000 of the mains
distribution board (MDB).

sage only functions if the appropriate signals from the site cool­ing system are supplied via terminal x8000 of the mains distri­bution board (MDB).

Keep Nominal
RF Power

Reduce RF
Power to 80 %

Reduce RF
Power to 60 %

0

+10

+20

Off

On

Off

On

OK

Warning

OK

Fault

Configuration

Configuration

Maintenance

Maintenance

Read only

Read only

Pump (State) Indicates whether the pump has been correctly registered on

the pump communication bus by the transmitter control unit.

Motor (State) Indicates whether the pump motor can run freely or is mechani-

cally blocked. To rectify this fault, the pump must be disassem­bled and checked for foreign objects.

Operating Hours
(Pump)

(Pump) Type Indicates the used pump type. The displayed type is identical to

Flow Indicates the currently measured flow through the pump. 0 to 200 Read only

Speed Indicates the currently measured speed of the pump motor. 0 to 100

Fan (State) Indicates whether the assigned fan is correctly registered on the

(Fan) Motor Indicates whether the fan motor is ready for operation or is

Indicates how long the pump has been in operation. 0 to 999999 Read only

the type specified on the type plate of the pump.

The type "40‑100" should be used for transmitters with up

●

to 6 amplifiers.
The type "32‑120" should be used for transmitters with

●

more than 6 amplifiers.

fan communication bus.

mechanically blocked.

Not Found

Installed

Blocked

OK

"40‑100",
"32‑120"

not found

installed

Blocked

OK

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

212Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

Name Description Value range Access right

(Fan) Supply If this message appears, the fan is disconnected from the

power supply.

Check the position of the maintenance switch on the heat
exchanger; also check the circuit breaker of the fan in the mains
distribution unit of the rack.

Inlet Temp. Indicates the temperature of the coolant flowing into the trans-

mitter rack.

Outlet Temp. Indicates the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the trans-

mitter rack toward the heat exchanger. The temperature must
not exceed a maximum value of 65 °C.

Pressure Indicates the pressure of the coolant. With the pumps switched

off, this pressure can be slightly lower than when the pumps are
running. The correct pressure depends on the delivery head of
the pumps, the temperature of the coolant and the altitude of
the operating location.

Precise pressure tables can be found in the manual.

Antifreeze Used to define whether or not the fans at the heat exchanger

are to switch off if the temperature drops well below the speci­fied temperature. Off: The fans switch off. This setting is recom­mended in order to reduce the energy consumption of the cool­ing system. On: The fans continue to run even at low outside
temperatures. This setting is recommended if the risk of fan
seizure due to freezing is to be reduced. Note: Even if anti­freeze mode is active, the condensation protection function of
the transmitter will still switch off the fans at an inlet tempera­ture below approx. +10 °C. The fans are designed in such a
way that they are not damaged if they seize up due to freezing.

OK

Failure

‒30 °C to
+90 °C

‒30 °C to
+90 °C

0 to 6 Read only

Off; On Configuration

Read only

Read only

Read only

Auto/On If the switch is set to "On", the cooling system is switched on

irrespective of whether or not the transmitter is on. This setting
should only be used when putting the system into operation. If
the switch is set to "Auto", the cooling system is switched on/off
when the transmitter is switched on/off.

4.12.1.2 Configuring Fans and Pumps

The settings for fans are made in the following way:

For a standard cooling system with one transmitter rack, one pump unit and one heat
exchanger, configuration is performed automatically. Manual configuration is only nec­essary in the following cases:

More than one rack

●

More than one heat exchanger per rack

●

1. Ensure that no pumps and fans are connected to the mains distribution board

(MDB).

Press the following buttons: Task View > Setup Cooling > Scan Devices.

2.

3. In the Scan Control field, switch Scan Device to "On".

Cooling is
always On;
Cooling is
switched on by
Parameter "On"

Configuration

213Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

4. Follow the dialog step by step by connecting one fan after the other and one pump

after the other in the specified sequence to the mains distribution board (MDB) on
the rear of the transmitter rack.

Note: The status of this process is signaled by the status display in the Scan Con­trol field:

off (gray) = Scan Devices is switched off.

●

● In progress (yellow) = configuration is running

● Finished (green) = configuration has been successfully completed; all displays
in the Rack 1 and Rack 2 fields are set to Nothing to do.

5. Switch Scan Device to "Off".

4.12.1.3 Status of Cooling System

Cooling status parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Sensor for inlet temper­ature

Sensor for outlet tem­perature

Sensor for coolant
pressure

Status of coolant filter Indicates that the pump power is not sufficient to

Sensor for overall sta­tus

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the
inlet of the rack. If a fault is indicated, first check the
connecting cable between the sensor and the cooling
interface card in the R&S TCE900 system control unit.

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the
outlet of the rack.

Indicates the status of the pressure sensor. If a fault is
indicated, first check the connecting cable between the
sensor and the cooling interface card in the
R&S TCE900 system control unit.

deliver the required flow. With a correctly dimensioned
and installed cooling system, this only occurs if the
coolant filter is blocked.

Indicates whether the temperature sensors and pres­sure sensor are OK. A malfunction at the pressure sen­sor results in a fault; a malfunction at a temperature
sensor results in a warning.

Green: OK

Red: Sensor
Fault

Green: OK

Red: Sensor
Fault

Green: OK

Red: Sensor
Fault

Green: OK

Yellow: Filter
Warning

Green: OK

Yellow:
Warning

Red: Fault

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

4.12.2 Small Cooling – Simplified Liquid Cooling System (FM Transmitter)

The following illustration shows the "Cooling" menu for "Small Cooling".

214Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

4.12.2.1 Configuration of Cooling System

The "Small Cooling" mode (simplified cooling) is used only for FM single transmitters.

Path:Device View (Home) > Cooling > Task View > Setup Cooling

●

Name Description Value range Access right

Type The following cooling system types can be configured:

4.12.2.2 Status

R&S Standard

●

If the transmitter is connected to a 9000 series cooling sys­tem, select the "R&S Standard" setting.
Site Cooling

●

Set this configuration if the FM transmitter system is to be
connected to the existing site cooling system.
R&S Small

●

If an FM single transmitter is connected to a simplified
cooling system without temperature control, use the
"R&S Small" setting.

R&S Standard,
Site Cooling,
R&S Small

Configuration

Path:Device View (Home) > Cooling

●

Pressing the buttons

Outlet Temp.

●

Pressure

●

Sensor Status

●

Inlet Temp.

●

215Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

switches to the "Sensors" view or tab.

"Sensors" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Outlet Temp.
(Outlet Tempera­ture)

Sensor Status
(Outlet Tempera­ture)

Warning Limit
(Outlet Tempera­ture)

Fault Limit (Outlet
Temperature)

Inlet Temp. (Inlet
temperature)

Sensor Status
(Inlet Tempera­ture)

Pressure (Cool­ant Pressure)

Indicates the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the transmitter
rack toward the heat exchanger. The temperature must not exceed a
maximum value of 65 °C.

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the outlet of the rack. Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

Indicates the threshold value for a temperature warning.

If the coolant temperature exceeds this value, a warning is triggered.

The threshold value can be set here (in steps of 1 degree).

Indicates the threshold value for displaying a temperature fault.

If the coolant temperature exceeds this value, a corresponding temper­ature fault is displayed and the rack is shut down. In N+1 systems, this
event can lead to switchover of the transmitter.

The threshold value can be set here (in steps of 1 degree).

Indicates the temperature of the coolant flowing into the transmitter
rack.

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the inlet of the rack.

If a fault is indicated, first check the connecting cable between the sen­sor and the cooling interface card (CIF) in the R&S TCE900 system
control unit.

Indicates the pressure of the coolant.

With the pumps switched off, this pressure can be slightly lower than
when the pumps are running. The correct pressure depends on the
delivery head of the pumps, the temperature of the coolant and the alti­tude of the operating location. Precise pressure tables can be found in
the system manual for the transmitter.

‒30 °C to +90 °C Read only

40 °C to 65 °C Configuration

50 °C to 65 °C Configuration

‒30 °C to +90 °C Read only

Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

‒500 Pa to
+500 Pa

Read only

Sensor Status
(Coolant Pres­sure)

Warning Limit
(Coolant Pres­sure)

Fault Limit (Cool­ant Pressure)

Indicates the status of pressure sensor 1. If a fault is indicated, first
check the connecting cable between the sensor and the air cooling
interface card in the R&S TCE900 system control unit.

Indicates the threshold value for a pressure warning.

If the coolant pressure drops to this value or lower, a warning is trig­gered. This value should be set higher than the value for the corre­sponding "Fault Limit".

The threshold value can be set here (in steps of 1 bar).

Indicates the threshold value for displaying a pressure fault.

If the coolant pressure drops to this value or lower, a corresponding
pressure fault is displayed. This value should be set lower than the
value for the corresponding "Warning Limit".

The threshold value can be set here (in steps of 1 bar).

Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

0.0 bar to 4.0 bar Configuration

0.0 bar to 4.0 bar Configuration

216Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

4.12.3 Air Cooling (Medium‑Power)

The following illustration shows the "Cooling" menu for air cooling.

Path:Device View (Home) > Cooling

●

Pressing the buttons

Rack Pressure

●

Outlet Temp.

●

Sensor Status

●

switches to the "Sensors" view or tab.

"Sensors" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Inlet Temperature Indicates the temperature of the air flowing into the transmitter rack

(only for ducted intake air with an optional intake air kit).

Sensor Status
(Inlet Tempera­ture)

Outlet Tempera­ture

Sensor Status
(Outlet Tempera­ture)

Rack Pressure Indicates the pressure in the rack. Two differential pressure sensors

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the inlet of the rack. If
a fault is indicated, first check the connecting cable between the sen­sor and the air cooling interface in the R&S TCE900 system control
unit (only for ducted intake air with an optional intake air kit).

Indicates the temperature of the air flowing out of the transmitter rack. ‒30 °C to +90 °C Read only

Indicates the status of the temperature sensor at the outlet of the rack. Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

(Sensor 1 and Sensor 2) measure the differential air pressure inside
and outside the rack. If a sensor fails, the remaining sensor continues
to indicate the pressure inside the rack.

‒30 °C to +90 °C Read only

Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

‒500 Pa to
+500 Pa

Read only

217Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Device View Description

Cooling System

Name Description Value range Access right

Sensor 1 (Pres­sure 1)

Sensor 2 (Pres­sure 2)

Indicates the status of pressure sensor 1. If a fault is indicated, first
check the connecting cable between the sensor and the air cooling
interface card in the R&S TCE900 system control unit.

Indicates the status of pressure sensor 2. If a fault is indicated, first
check the connecting cable between the sensor and the air cooling
interface card in the R&S TCE900 system control unit.

Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

Off, Sensor Fault,OKRead only

"Status Fan 1/2" parameters

Name Description Value range Access right

Communication Indicates whether the data transfer from fans 1/2 to the air cooling

interface (ACIF) is OK.

Speed Indicates the speed of fans 1/2 read out from the air cooling interface

(ACIF).

OK, Fault Read only

0 % to 100 % Read only

218Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

5 Task View Description

5.1 Basic Settings

The structure of the transmitter system is configured in the "Basic Setup" menu. Each
R&S TCE900 is assigned its logical function together with the other R&S TCE900
units, the physical installation position of the individual R&S TCE900 units is set and
the distribution of transmitters and R&S TCE900 units in the racks is described.

The basic settings are made for each R&S TCE900 in the system and must be entered
in the specified sequence:

Hardware equipment ("Boards" menu tab)

●

The hardware modules which each R&S TCE900 contains and at which position
these modules are inserted in the R&S TCE900 base unit must be configured for
each R&S TCE900.

Definition of the logical function

●

The task that each R&S TCE900 is to fulfill in the system must be defined.

Integration of the R&S TCE900 in the transmitter system

●

Depending on their function, some R&S TCE900 units require additional informa­tion regarding:

system variant (MultiTX, N+1)

–

– transmitter variant (Redundancy, Modulation, Amplifier Type)

– assignment to a transmitter (TX Number, Exciter A/B)

Physical structure of the transmitter system

●

Depending on their function, some R&S TCE900 units require additional informa­tion regarding:
– total number of transmitter racks

– number of racks per transmitter

Physical installation location of the R&S TCE900 units

●

Each R&S TCE900 must be assigned the following:
– number of the rack in which the R&S TCE900 is installed

– number of the installation slot within a rack

Assignment of transmitters to racks ("Racks" menu tab)

●

Each R&S TCE900 with the "Rack Control" function must be assigned those trans­mitters which are installed in the racks that the "Rack Control" function monitors.

Changes to the basic settings only become effective when the R&S TCE900 has been
restarted.

In the tables below, "?" means that it must be taken into consideration whether an air
cooling interface (ACIF) or a TX interface is installed. See the detailed description of
the "Cooling Control" and "Rack Control" parameters in the table "Description of set-

ting values".

219Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Assignment of logical functions

Table 5-1: "Functions" for SingleTX systems (for TMU9 and TMV9 only)

Transmitter type System

Control

Single drive

Exciter X X X ? ?

Backup drive

Exciter A X X X ? ?

Exciter B - X X - -

Dual drive

System Control X - - ? ?

Exciter A - X X - -

Exciter B - X X - -

Table 5-2: "Functions" for MultiTX systems (<n> = 1 to 8)

Transmitter type System

Control

Single drive

System Control X - - ? X

Exciter (TX <n>) - X X - -

TX Control Exciter Cooling

Control

TX Control Exciter Cooling Con-

trol

Rack Con­trol

Rack Con­trol

Dual drive

System Control X - - ? X

Exciter A (TX <n>) - X X - -

Exciter B (TX <n>) - X X - -

Table 5-3: "Functions" for N+1 systems (<n> = 1 to 8; TXB: <n> = 9)

Transmitter type System

Control

Single drive

System Control X - - ? X

Exciter (TX A<n>, TX B) - X X - -

Rack Control (where
applicable)

Dual drive

System Control X - - ? X

Exciter A (TX A<n>, TXB)- X X - -

- - - - X

TX Control Exciter Cooling

Control

Rack Con­trol

220Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Transmitter type System

Control

Exciter B (TX A<n>, TXB)- X X - -

Rack Control (where
applicable)

Table 5-4: "Setup" for SingleTX systems (for TMU9 and TMV9 only)

Transmitter type System Variant TX

Single drive

Exciter SingleTX/MultiTX A1 A Single drive 1

Backup drive

Exciter A SingleTX/MultiTX A1 A Backup drive 1

Exciter B - A1 B Backup drive 1

Dual drive

System Control SingleTX/MultiTX - - - 1

Exciter A - A1 A Dual drive -

- - - - X

TX Control Exciter Cooling

Control

Exciter Redundancy No. of

Number

Rack Con­trol

Transmit­ters

Exciter B - A1 B Dual drive -

Table 5-5: "Setup" for MultiTX systems (<n> = 1 to 8)

Transmitter type System Variant TX

Number

Single drive

System Control SingleTX/MultiTX - - - <n>

Exciter (TX <n>) - A<n> A Single drive -

Dual drive

System Control SingleTX/MultiTX - - - <n>

Exciter A (TX <n>) - A<n> A Dual drive -

Exciter B (TX <n>) - A<n> B Dual drive -

Table 5-6: "Setup" for N+1 systems (<n> = 1 to 8; TXB <n> = 9)

Transmitter type System Variant TX

Number

Single drive

Exciter Redundancy No. of

Exciter Redundancy No. of

Transmit­ters

Transmit­ters

System Control N+1 TX - - <n>

Exciter (TX A<n>, TX B) - A<n> A Single drive -

221Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Transmitter type System Variant TX

Number

Rack Control (where appli­cable)

Dual drive

System Control N+1 TX - - - <n>

Exciter A (TX A<n>, TX B) - A<n> A Dual drive -

Exciter B (TX A<n>, TX B) - A<n> B Dual drive -

Rack Control (where appli­cable)

Table 5-7: IP addresses for SingleTX systems (for TMU9 and TMV9 only)

Transmitter type Ethernet Local

Single drive

Exciter 192.168.58.100

Backup drive

Exciter A 192.168.58.11

Exciter B 192.168.58.12

- - - -

- - - - -

Exciter Redundancy No. of

Transmit­ters

Dual drive

System Control 192.168.58.100

Exciter A 192.168.58.11

Exciter B 192.168.58.12

Table 5-8: IP addresses for MultiTX systems (<n> = 1 to 8)

Transmitter type Ethernet Local

Single drive

System Control 192.168.58.100

Exciter (TX <n>) 192.168.58.<n>1

Dual drive

System Control 192.168.58.100

Exciter A (TX <n>) 192.168.58.<n>1

Exciter B (TX <n>) 192.168.58.<n>2

222Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Table 5-9: IP addresses for N+1 systems (<n> = 1 to 8; TXB <n> = 9; <m> = 2 to 9, No. of Rack Con-

Transmitter type Ethernet Local

Single drive

System Control 192.168.58.100

Exciter (TX A<n>, TX B) 192.168.58.<n>1

Rack Control (where applicable) 192.168.58.10<m>

Dual drive

System Control 192.168.58.100

Exciter A (TX A<n>, TX B) 192.168.58.<n>1

Exciter B (TX A<n>, TX B) 192.168.58.<n>2

Rack Control (where applicable) 192.168.58.10<m>

Table 5-10: Description of setting values

Name Description Value range Access right

System Con­trol

trols)

Set this check mark if this cassette of the R&S TCE900 is
to function as a system control unit. In this case, all
remote control interfaces and (if present) a R&S TDU900
display unit must be connected to this R&S TCE900. This
R&S TCE900 can also perform the function of the N+1
automatic system. In addition to functioning as a system
control unit, other functions can also be assigned to the
same R&S TCE900 depending on the modules it con­tains.

Disabled,
Enabled

Configuration

TX Control Set this check mark if this cassette of the R&S TCE900

cassette is to function as a transmitter control unit. The
transmitter control unit contains, for example, the function
for monitoring the output power and an automatic exciter
switchover function (optional). In addition to functioning
as a transmitter control unit, other functions can also be
assigned to the same R&S TCE900 depending on the
modules it contains. This function must always be activa­ted together with the "Exciter" function on the same
R&S TCE900.

Exciter Set this check mark if this R&S TCE900 cassette contains

at least one coder board and one RF board. With a
R&S TCE900 which is configured as an exciter, the "TX
Control" function must be activated at the same time,
unless the R&S TCE900 exciter is to be operated as a
standalone instrument. In addition to functioning as an
exciter, other functions can also be assigned to the same
R&S TCE900 depending on the modules it contains.

Cooling Con­trol

Set this check mark if this R&S TCE900 cassette contains
at least one cooling interface or one air cooling interface.
In addition to functioning as a cooling control unit, other
functions can also be assigned to the same R&S TCE900
depending on the modules it contains. The "Cooling Con­trol" function must always be activated together with the
"Rack Control" function on the same R&S TCE900.

Disabled,
Enabled

Disabled,
Enabled

Disabled,
Enabled

Configuration

Configuration

Configuration

223Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Name Description Value range Access right

Rack Control Set this check mark if this R&S TCE900 is to monitor rack

components (e.g. overvoltage protection) or door con­tacts. A "TX Interface" module must be installed in the
R&S TCE900. With most system configurations, the Rack
Control function is together with the System Control func­tion on the same R&S TCE900. The only exception are
multirack N+1 systems in which more than one Rack
Control are installed. With THx9, the "Rack Control" func­tion must always be activated together with the "Cooling
Control" function on the same R&S TCE900.

With TMx9, the Rack Control function must be activated if
an air cooling interface is installed in the R&S TCE900
and the "Cooling" function is activated.

System Var­iant

TX Number Indicates the transmitter to which this R&S TCE900 is

Exciter Indicates whether this R&S TCE900 is to operate as

Indicates whether the system is a SingleTX, MultiTX or N
+1 system.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control"
function is active.

assigned.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" func­tion is active.

exciter A or exciter B. The displayed value must corre­spond to the cabling of the two exciters at the exciter
switch. Exciter A is shown in the case of single drive
transmitters.

The setting can be changed here if the "Exciter" function
is active.

Disabled,
Enabled

Single/
MultiTX, n+1

TX A1 to TX
A8 + TXB

Exc A, Exc B Configuration

Configuration

Configuration

Configuration

ParIO Indicates whether remote control has been activated by

means of parallel contacts. ParIO 32/80 corresponds to a
parallel remote control interface card with 32 inputs and
80 outputs. ParIO 9/12 corresponds to a parallel remote
control interface card with 9 inputs and 12 outputs.
Remote control can be connected to a R&S TCE900 with
the System Control function. In the case of N+1 systems,
it is also possible to connect remote control to a
R&S TCE900 with the TX Control function, but certain
restrictions will then apply.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control"
or "TX Control" function is active.

Redundancy Indicates which redundancy method is supported by this

transmitter.

Single Drive:

●

The transmitter contains one exciter.
Dual Drive:

●

The transmitter contains two exciters. If the active
exciter fails, an automatic switchover function
switches the system over to the standby exciter.

Only available with some system variants:

●

Backup Drive:
The transmitter contains two exciters. If the active
exciter fails, an automatic switchover function
switches the system over to the standby exciter.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" func­tion is active.

Off, 32/80,
9/12

Single Drive,
Dual Drive,
Backup Drive

Configuration

Configuration

224Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Name Description Value range Access right

Transmitters Indicates how many transmitters the system contains.

The B transmitter of an N+1 system is not included here.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control"
function is active.

Modulation Indicates the modulation mode of the exciter. An appro-

priate software option must additionally be installed for
the displayed modulation mode.

Either the modulation modes for TV/DAB or those for FM/
FMHD are available.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" or
"Exciter" function is active.

Rack Number Indicates the rack in which the R&S TCE900 module is

installed. The left-hand rack is assigned the number 1.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control",
"TX Control" or "Exciter" function is active.

Amplifier
Mode

Amplifiers Indicates the total number of amplifiers per output stage

Indicates whether the amplifiers are to be operated in
broadband or Doherty mode. To operate the amplifiers in
Doherty mode, the frequency ranges of the amplifiers
must be set to the transmit frequency. This display only
applies to amplifier types which support Doherty mode.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" or
"Exciter" function is active.

of this transmitter. Whether the amplifiers are housed in
one or more racks is irrelevant. Up to 24 amplifiers per
output stage are supported (FM: up to 8 amplifiers).

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" func­tion is active.

1 to 8 Configuration

DVB‑T2,
DVB‑T,
ISDB‑T,
ATSC, ATV,
DAB, FM,
FMHD

1 to 18 Configuration

Broadband,
Doherty

1 to 24 Configuration

Configuration

Configuration

Amplifier
Type

Slot Number Indicates the position at which the R&S TCE900 is instal-

Indicates the amplifier type used in the transmitter.

PHU901:

●

High‑power amplifier, UHF, liquid‑cooled.
PMU901:

●

Medium‑power amplifier, UHF, air‑cooled with Doh­erty mode.
PHU902:

●

High‑power amplifier, UHF, liquid‑cooled with Doh­erty mode.
PHV902:

●

High‑power amplifier, VHF, liquid‑cooled with Doh­erty mode.
PMV901:

●

Medium‑power amplifier, VHF, air‑cooled with Doh­erty mode.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" or
"Exciter" function is active.

led in the respective rack. In the THU9, position 1 is the
left-hand slot; in the TMU9, position 1 is the top slot.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control",
"TX Control" or "Exciter" function is active.

PHU901,
PMU901,
PHU902,
PHV902,
PMV901,
PHR901,
PMR901

1 to 12 Configuration

Configuration

225Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Basic Settings

Name Description Value range Access right

Racks/Rack
Control

Cooling Type Indicates the type of cooling system.

Racks/
System

Racks/TX Indicates the number of racks that the transmitter consists

Number of
Rack Controls

Indicates how many racks are monitored by this
R&S TCE900. Transmitters with more than 12 amplifiers
monitor 2 racks with one rack control. With all other trans­mitters, this value must be set to 1.

The setting can be changed here if the "Rack Control"
function is active.

The displayed value must be suitable for the amplifier
type. Further settings are made in the "Home" > "Cooling"
> "Task View" > "Setup Cooling" menu.

Indicates the total number of racks contained in the sys­tem.

The setting can be changed here if the "System Control"
function is active.

of. This setting is only relevant for THU9 transmitters with
more than 12 amplifiers. In all other cases, the value 1
must be set here.

The setting can be changed here if the "TX Control" func­tion is active.

Indicates the total number of rack controls which are
active in the system.

The setting can be changed here if the "Rack Control"
function is active.

1 or 2 Configuration

Liquid, Air Configuration

1 to 18 Configuration

1 to 4 Configuration

1 to 9 Configuration

Int. RF Sen­sor

Configuration Indicates whether the selected combination of settings is

Reboot Reboots this R&S TCE900. Changes to settings in this

IP Address
(Local IP Set­tings)

Indicates whether the internal RF test point of the ampli­fier is to be used for measuring the transmit power.

The setting is only relevant for "Amplifier Type =
PMU901". The value "On" should be set if the transmitter
consists of exactly one amplifier and no CAN bus test
point is installed in the transmitter.

The setting can be changed here if the "Rack Control"
function is active.

valid and nonconflicting.

The setting can be changed here.

and the other menu tabs of the Basic Config menu only
become effective after a reboot.

Used to set the IP address of the R&S TCE900 for inter­nal communications with other R&S TCE900 units in this
system. When the system is supplied, the internal IP
addresses begin with 192.168.58. The last group of digits
differs according to the following rule:

System Control: 100

●

TX Control + Exciter: 11/12 (= TXA1, Exciter A/B) to

●

81/82 (= TXA8, Exciter A/B); 91/92 (= TXB, Exciter
A/B)
Rack Control (second rack): 101

●

The setting can be changed here.

Off, On Configuration

OK, not Valid Read only

Configuration

Configuration

226Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Parameters: Input Configuration

Name Description Value range Access right

IP Address
(Remote IP
Settings)

Slot Config Used to determine which module is contained in each

5.2 Parameters: Input Configuration

GUI name
(external)

Input Source Here, you can configure the input interfaces used for two inputs, inde-

Help text (English) Value range Value access

pendently of each other. To test the "seamless switching" function, it is
possible to select the same input interface for both inputs. The selec­tion options of the data sources are determined by the installed Input
Interfaces and option keys.

Used to set the IP address of the R&S TCE900 system
control. The settings depend on the network infrastruc­ture.

installation slot of the R&S TCE900 unit. Basically, any
module can be inserted into any installation slot. The rack
cabling has, however, been optimized for installation of
the modules in the following slots:

Slot A (bottom left): RF board or TX interface

●

Slot B (top center): Cooling interface (CIF or ACIF)

●

or ATV interface
Slot C (bottom center): Reserved for receiver module

●

Slot CD (top right): Coder board or LAN switch

●

The setting can be changed here.

Coder Board,
RFBoard,
TXIf, Coolin­gIf, LAN­SwitchIf,
ATVIf, CIF,
ACIF

variable Maintenance

Configuration

Multiplex Name Here, you can assign any desired name for the multiplex contained in

this transport stream. This name is displayed in the transmitter over­view and, for n+1 systems, in the automatic transmitter.

Mute (on Input
Fail)

Input Fail Delay Used to set a delay time which must elapse following an input signal

Force Exciter
Changeover

Monitor Out Here, for measuring purposes, you can send any input signal to the TS

IP Stream Indicates whether a valid data stream is fed to the transmitter via the IP

Here, you can configure the operating behavior when the active input
fails. This parameter is available in MFN operating mode only.

No – In the operating mode, the output signal is not suppressed if

●

the active input fails. Null packets are output instead.
Yes - If the active input fails, the output signal is suppressed.

●

failure before the output signal is suppressed and a sum fault is gener­ated.

Here it can be determined whether switchover to another redundant
exciter is to take place if the input signal fails. This function is available
for all redundancy systems (dual drive, backup exciter and n+1).

Yes - In the "Yes" position, an exciter fault is signaled to the

●

higher‑level redundancy control unit which decides whether to
switch over to another exciter or transmitter.
No - In the "No" position, no switchover takes place.

●

Monitor-Out jack (X22). The selection options of the data sources are
determined by the installed Input Interfaces and option keys.

feed. If an error is indicated, check the settings of the IP stream and the
Ethernet interface.

No, Yes Maintenance

Yes, No Maintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

Query

227Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

Parameters: Input Configuration

GUI name
(external)

TS Stream Indicates whether a valid serial data stream is fed to the transmitter via

RJ45 Connector Here, define the physical network interface to which the logical IP

Streaming Mode This configures the type of network streaming.

Multicast Address The function of this menu item varies depending on the selected

Help text (English) Value range Value access

TS1/2 IN (X20/X21). If an error is displayed here, first check the setting
of the TS type (ASI/SMPTE).

stream is bound. Normally, the TS LAN 1(X30) jack is coupled to IP
Stream 1 and TS LAN 2(X31) is coupled to IP Stream 2. This allows
you to use multiple redundant servers that can be selected automati­cally using the automatic input signal switchover. However, it is also
possible to select multiple multicast streams via the same physical
Ethernet jack. In this case, too, the automatic input signal switchover
can toggle automatically between two data streams.

Unicast: The multiplex sends the suitable IP stream to the IP

●

address of the TV transmitter in a targeted manner.
Multicast: The TV transmitter subscribes to a Multicast IP stream

●

that can be provided by the Multiplexer in the feed network to mul­tiple transmitters at the same time.

streaming mode:

for Unicast: displays the local IP address of the selected input X30

●

or X31.
for Multicast: used to set the multicast address of the required

●

gateway server (data transmitter).

●

●

●

●

TS LAN1
TS LAN2

Unicast
Multicast

Query

Maintenance

Maintenance

Maintenance

Port Used to set the port number under which the transport stream is expec-

ted.

Protocol Select the network protocol used here.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) for easy connectionless communi-

●

cation.
RTP (Realtime Transport Protocol) for packet-oriented communi-

●

cations.

Packet Lock Indicates that a signal has been detected at this input.

Packet Length Indicates the dedicated packet length of the transport stream.

Gross IP data
rate

TS State Indicates whether a valid serial data stream is fed to the transmitter via

Type Used to set the data format for the data streams at X20 and X21.

Gross TS Data­rate

Shows the total data rate at the IP feed.

the TS1/2 IN (X20/X21) jacks. If an error is displayed here, first check
the setting of the TS type (ASI/SMPTE).

AUTO: Data format is detected automatically

●

ASI: Manual setting for an ASI transport stream

●

SMPTE: Manual setting for an SMPTE transport stream

●

Shows the total data rate at the TS feed.

●

●

●

Auto
ASI
SMPTE

Maintenance

Maintenance

Read only

Read only

Read only

Read only

Maintenance

Read only

228Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

System Control

5.3 System Control

5.3.1 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

To operate the transmitter in SNMP mode, an appropriate software option must be
activated using an option key.

5.3.1.1 General

Simple network management protocol (SNMP) is used for monitoring and controlling
different devices in a network. A description of the device must be loaded in the central
unit ("manager"; management information base (MIB)), from which the transmitters are
monitored. A monitored device contains a program ("agent") that can answer queries
from the manager and execute commands. Furthermore, it is possible that the agent of
its own accord generates a message (called a notification, alarm or trap) and sends it
to the manager. In this way, the central unit can be informed of a fault. The MIBs
required for monitoring and controlling a transmitter are stored as a ZIP archive in
every R&S TCE900. From there, they can be downloaded with any web browser.
When the transmitter is put into operation, both the agent in the transmitter and the
manager must be configured. Additional steps may be necessary if the transmitter is
connected via routers, firewalls or similar devices, as they may block data packets.

5.3.1.2 Settings on Transmitter End

You can make settings yourself via the local R&S TDU900 display (if available), via the
web server or in part via SNMP. The Task View > System Control > SNMP menu con­tains all the settings that are required for accessing a transmitter.

Changes to these settings are adopted immediately. The device does not need to be
restarted.

229Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07

R&S®Tx9

Task View Description

System Control

Fig. 5-1: SNMP menu

The XX9 transmitter family supports the versions SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c. Alarms can
be sent as v1Traps, v2Traps or v2Informs. Several destinations for error messages
(trapsinks) and several communities can be set with read only authorization and read/
write authorization. SNMP is a protocol for remote control and is offered only at the
remote Ethernet interface (X2 – 1000 BaseT). The system or transmitter has to be set
to remote to execute SET commands.

5.3.1.3 Settings on Manager End

The basic SNMP settings (port, community) on the manager end and transmitter end
have must match. You typically define these settings for each IP address in your pro­gram (e.g. MIB browser). The SNMP version is also set in the manager; the transmitter
then detects this automatically. Subsequently, SNMP communications should already
be functioning at a basic level.

230Operating Manual 2109.9110.02 ─ 07