Rohde and Schwarz NRV-Z51 Data Sheet

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Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Data sheet

Version

04.00

October

2004

◆ Thermal sensors and diode sensors

for high-precision power measurements

◆ Compatible with ¸NRVS,

¸NRVD, ¸URV35 and ¸URV55 base units

◆ Frequency range DC to 40 GHz

For RF and microwave power measurements

◆ Power range 100 pW to 30 W

◆ Standards:

GSM900/1800/1900, DECT, cdmaOne, CDMA2000®, DAB, DVB, etc

◆ Absolute calibration, simply plug in

and measure

WCDMA, NADC, PDC,

◆ Calibration data memory for sensor-

◆ High long-term stability

◆ Excellent temperature response

specific parameters

With its large variety of power sensors, Rohde&Schwarz is able to provide the right tool for power measurements with ¸NRVS, ¸NRVD, ¸URV35 and ¸URV55 base units.

15 different types of power sensors in all cover the frequency range from DC to 40 GHz and the power range from 100 pW (−70 dBm) to 30 W (+45 dBm). In addition to thermal sensors, which are ideal as a high-precision reference for any waveform, diode sensors with a dynamic range of more than 80 dB are available.

The peak power sensors of the ¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33 series allow power measurements on TDMA mobile phones to different digital standards as well as measurement of the peak power of pulsed or modulated signals.

Plug in and measure

With the individually calibrated sensors of the ¸NRV-Z series plugged into the base unit, a fully calibrated power meter is immediately ready for measurements – without need for entering calibration factors and without adjustment to a 50 MHz reference: this means a great benefit in the routine research and development work and an error source less when changing the sensor. These assets are brought about by the calibration data memory Rohde&Schwarz which contains all the relevant physical parameters of the sensors, and the excellent long-term stability of the Rohde&Schwarz power sensors. Rohde&Schwarz is the world’s only manufacturer to provide absolute calibration for its power sensors.

first introduced by

The right sensor for every application

Terminating power sensors are used for power measurements on a large variety of sources. The requirements placed on the sensor regarding frequency and power range, measurement accuracy and speed may therefore differ a great deal. Four classes of power sensors allow optimum adaptation to the specific measurement task:

◆ Thermal power sensors

¸NRV-Z51/-Z52/-Z53/-Z54/-Z55

◆ High-sensitivity diode sensors

¸NRV-Z1/-Z3/-Z4/-Z6/-Z15

◆ Medium-sensitivity diode sensors

¸NRV-Z2/-Z5

◆ Peak power sensors

¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33

Thermal power sensors

The thermal power sensors of the ¸NRV-Z51 to ¸NRV-Z55 series satisfy the most stringent demands placed on measurement accuracy and matching. They cover the power range from 1 µW (−30 dBm) to 30 W (+45 dBm) and the frequency range from DC to 40 GHz.

These sensors are capable of measuring – without any degradation of the measurement accuracy – the power of CW signals as well as the average power of modulated or distorted signals by RMS weighting of all spectral components within the specified frequency range. Therefore, thermal sensors are the first choice for power measurements at the output of power amplifiers and on carrier signals with modulated envelope. Needless to say that the linearity of the sensor is independent of frequency, ambient temperature and waveform, and with 0.5% or

0.02 dB its contribution to the measurement uncertainty of the ¸NRV-Z51/

-Z52/-Z55 sensors is negligible.

High-sensitivity diode sensors

The ¸NRV-Z1/-Z3/-Z4/-Z6/-Z15 high-sensitivity power sensors based on zero-bias Schottky diodes open up the power range below 1 µW down to the physical limit of 100 pW (−70 dBm). In this range, from −70 dBm to −20 dBm, their behaviour is much the same as that of thermal sensors, i.e. precise measurement of the average power of modulated signals, RMS weighting of harmonics and linearity independent of temperature and frequency.

2 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Peak envelope power (PEP)

Average burst power (pulse power

Pp =

Power

Burst width

Definition of the main power parameters using the transmitter signal of an NADC mobile station as an example; the average burst power can be displayed on the ¸NRVS, ¸NRVD and ¸URV 55 base units after entering the duty cycle t measure the average power P

, i.e. a thermal sensor or a diode sensor operated in the square-law region

avg

Average power (

All high-sensitivity sensors from Rohde&Schwarz are calibrated to allow precise power measurements also outside the square-law region up to a power

⋅

avg

)

avg

Burst period

earity, greater measurement uncertainties than with thermal sensors are to be expected in this region due to frequency

and temperature effects. of 20 mW (+13 dBm). The high signal-tonoise ratio of the sensor output signal in this region makes for very short measurement times. It should however be noted that the response of high-sensitivity sensors outside the square-law region differs from that of thermal sensors so that only spectrally pure signals with unmodulated envelope (CW, FM, ϕM, FSK, GMSK) can be measured. Regarding the display lin-

Medium-sensitivity diode sensors

The ¸NRV-Z2 and ¸NRV-Z5

medium-sensitivity sensors based on

diode sensors with 20 dB attenuator pad

close the gap between the thermal and

the high-sensitivity sensors in applica-

tions where in the power range between

−20 dBm and 0 dBm both high measure-

ment speed and the thermal sensor char-

acteristics are required at a time.

Pp)

Time

/T; required is a sensor that is able to precisely

Given a continuous load capability of 2 W, this type of sensor is extremely robust.

Peak power sensors The ¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z32/ ¸NRV-Z33 peak power sensors take

a special place among diode sensors. They enable measurement of the peak envelope power (PEP) of modulated signals during signal peaks of 2 µs to 100 ms duration. They thus open up a large variety of applications, from the measurement of pulsed transmit power of TDMA mobile phones through special measurement tasks in applied physics to the measurement of sync pulse power of terrestrial TV transmitters. Peak power sensors from Rohde&Schwarz are available for the frequency range 30 MHz to 6 GHz in the power classes 20 mW (¸NRV-Z31), 2 W (¸NRV-Z32) and 20 W (¸NRV-Z33), the latter for direct power measurement at output stages.

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 3

DC to 40 GHz/100 pW to 30 W – GSM900/1800/1900, DECT,

Various models within a power class allow the handling of versatile waveforms:

◆ Model .02 (of the ¸NRV-Z31) and

model .05 (of the ¸NRV-Z32) are designed for general-purpose applications and are suitable for measuring the power of RF bursts from 2 µs width and at repetition rates from 10/s (¸NRV-Z31/model 02) and 25/s (¸NRV-Z32/model 05).

◆ Model .03 (high-speed model of the

¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z33) can be used at repetition rates from 100/s. Due to its higher measurement speed it is ideal for system applications and measurement of the sync pulse power of negatively modulated TV signals in line with the relevant standards for terrestrial television (NTSC, ITU-R, British and OIRT). The picture content has no effect on the measurement result, while the effect of the sound carrier can be compensated using tabulated correction factors.

◆

Models .04

of all peak power sensors

are tailored to the requirements of TDMA radio networks and enable measurement of the transmit power of

TDMA mobile stations to GSM and DECT stan

dards.

The following table serves as a guide in choosing the suitable sensor for digital modulation:

Modulation Time structure Application Suitable sensor Measured

parameter

GMSK, GFSK, 4FSK (unmodulated envelope)

QPSK, OQPSK continuous

OFDM continuous DVB-T/DAB transmitters ¸NRV-Z51 to -Z55 P

π/4DQPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 64 QAM symbol rate: any

π/4DQPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 64 QAM symbol rate <25 ksps

continuous

one timeslot active, frame length <10 ms

continuous

one timeslot active, frame length ≤40 ms

4 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

GSM, DECT base stations; same power in all timeslots

GSM, DECT mobile stations

cdmaOne, CDMA2000®, WCDMA base

stations

NADC, PDC, PHS, TETRA base stations; same power in all timeslots

NADC, PDC, TETRA base stations; same power in all timeslots

NADC, PDC mobile stations

all sensors, without any restrictions

¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33 model .04

¸NRV-Z51 to -Z55 P

¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33 models .02/.03/.05

¸NRV-Z32, model .05 PEP 43 dB

¸NRV-Z51 P

avg

Pp (PEP)

avg

PEP 43 dB

For footnotes see end of data sheet.

Dynamic range

50 dB to 80 dB

43 dB

50 dB

40 dB

cdmaOne, CDMA2000®, CDMA, WCDMA, NADC, PDC, DAB, DVB...

The right sensor for digital modulation

There are two main features of digitally modulated signals that have to be considered in power measurements:

◆

The pulsed envelope power to CDMA, DAB and DVB standards and all standards prescribing the modulation modes PSK, QAM and NADC, PDC, PHS and TFTS) requires a differentiation between average power and peak power.

All thermal power sensors can be used without any restrictions for average power measurements. Diode sensors may be used, provided they are operated inside the square-law

region. The peak power sensors of the

¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z32/ ¸NRV-Z33 series (models .02, .03 and .05) are suitable for measuring the peak value at symbol rates of up to 25 ksps.

/4DQPSK (e.g.

Precision calibration

A power sensor can only be as precise as

the measuring instruments used for its cal-

ibration. Therefore, the calibration stand-

ards used by Rohde& Schwarz are directly

traceable to the standards of the German

Standards Laboratory.

All data gained in calibration as well as

the essential physical characteristics of

the sensor, e.g. temperature effect, are

stored in a data memory integrated in the

sensor and can be read by the base unit

and considered in the measurements.

Since all Rohde&Schwarz power sensors feature absolute calibration, measurements can be started immediately after plugging the sensor into the base unit without prior calibration to a 1 mW reference source. To activate the frequency-dependent calibration factors all the user needs to do is to enter the test frequency on the base unit.

◆ In the case of transmission standards

using TDMA structure, such as GSM, DECT, NADC, PDC or PHS, the data stream for a channel is compressed to fit into one of several timeslots, so that the power measurement has to be carried out in a certain time interval. In the case of one active timeslot in the transmit signal (mobile station), the peak power sensors of the ¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z32/ ¸NRV-Z33 series can be used, with models .02, .03 and .05 being suitable for measuring the peak power and model .04 for measuring the average transmit power (GSM and DECT only).

Power sensors are calibrated to the

power of the incident wave;

this ensures that with a matched

source the available source power into

50 Ω (or 75 Ω) is measured;

with a mismatched source, the power

of the incident wave will differ from

the available power according to the

mismatch uncertainty

Power of incident wave

Reflected

power (frequencydependent)

Calibration of the ¸NRV-Z sensors is directly traceable to the standards of the German Standards Laboratory

Feed line loss

(frequency-dependent)

Detectable power

Thermocouple

sensor

Termination plane

Reference plane of sensor

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 5

Measurement accuracy and matching

The accuracy of power measurements is determined by diverse parameters, such as the measurement uncertainty in calibration, linearity or ambient temperature: parameters whose effect can directly be specified. In contrast, the effect of a mismatched power sensor can only be estimated if the source matching is known. Mismatch of source and sensor causes the device under test – the source – to supply a somewhat higher or lower power than for an exactly matched output. As shown in the graph on the right, the resulting measurement error can be several times greater than the measurement errors caused by all other parameters. Power sensors from Rohde&Schwarz therefore feature excellent matching to ensure optimum measurement accuracy even under conditions of strong reflections.

1.5

0.16 dB (3.6%)

.2 dB (4.6%)

dB (2

1.2

sensor

1.1

SWR

.00

1.05

1.02

Maximum measurement error due to mismatch for source power available into 50 Ω (75 Ω); values stated in dB and in % of power in W

Example shown: Power measurement on a source with an SWR of 1.5; a sensor with excellent matching with

1.05 SWR (e.g. ¸NRV-Z5) generates a measurement error of as little as 0.04 dB (1%), while an SWR of 1.2 would result in a measurement error four times greater

dB (0.1%)

1.05 1.1 2.0

0.0 1

dB (0.2%)

0.0 2

dB (0.5%)

.05

SWR

dB (1

.3%)

.2%)

0.04 dB (1%)

1.5

source

The base units

All power sensors can be used with the following base units:

¸NRVD

◆ Modern dual-channel power meter

◆ Menu-guided operation

◆ IEC/IEEE-bus interface (SCPI)

◆ Ideal for relative measurements in

two test channels (attenuation, reflection)

◆ Large variety of measurement

functions

◆ Result readout in all standard units

◆ Many extras like 1 mW test genera-

tor, indication of measurement uncertainty, etc

¸NRVS

◆ Cost-effective, single-channel power

meter

◆ Manual operation like ¸NRVD

◆ Many measurement functions

◆ Result readout in all standard units

◆ Analog output fitted as standard

◆ IEC/IEEE-bus interface (syntax-com-

patible with ¸NRV/¸URV5)

6 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

¸NRVD

¸NRVS

¸URV35

◆ Compact voltmeter and power meter

for use in service, test shop and lab

◆ Unique combination of analog and

digital display in form of moving-coil meter plus LCD with backlighting

◆ Many measurement functions

◆ Result readout in all standard units

◆ Choice of battery or AC supply opera-

tion

◆ RS-232-C interface

¸URV 55

Cost-effective single-channel voltmeter; similar to ¸NRVS

Sensors for voltage and level measurements

Probes and insertion units (data sheet PD 756.9816) open up further applications of the power meters:

RF Probe ¸URV5-Z7

◆ For practically no-load measurements

in non-coaxial RF circuits; frequency range 20 kHz to 1 GHz

◆ Comprehensive accessories, including

adapters for 50 Ω and 75 Ω connectors

Insertion Units ¸URV5-Z2/ ¸URV5-Z4

◆ For level measurement between

source and load in coaxial 50 Ω and 75 Ω systems. With an optimally matched load, power measurements from −60 dB to +53 dBm are possible even without directional coupler

◆ Frequency range 9 kHz to 3 GHz

¸URV 35

¸URV 55

DC Probe ¸URV5-Z1

For low-load DC measurements in RF circuits from 1 mV to 400 V

¸URV5-Z2/¸URV5-Z4

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 7

Calibration Kit ¸NRVC

Main features

The Calibration Kit ¸NRVC is used for fast, program-controlled calibration of the Power Sensor ¸NRV-Z up to 18 GHz

as well as of the Voltage Sensor ¸URV5-Z bration labs and all those who use a great number of these sensors and wish to perform on-site calibration. The measurement uncertainties are in line with data sheet specifications and comparable to those of a factory calibration.

. It is a valuable tool for cali-

◆ Traceable power calibration from DC

to 18 GHz

◆ Measurement level from −30 dBm

(1 µW) to +20 dBm (100 mW), depending on sensor

◆ High long-term stability of thermal

power standard through DC voltage reference

◆ Traceable linearity calibration from

−30 dBm to +33 dBm at 50 MHz

◆ Complete calibration of a sensor in

approx. 15 minutes

◆ Easy operation due to Windows™

user interface

◆ Programming of data memories of

¸NRV sensors using computed correction data

◆ Standard-conforming documentation

of measurement results

Calibration Kit ¸NRVC

8 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Specifications

Model connector,

Frequency range Power measurement range,

max. power

Max. SWR (reflection coefficient)

impedance

High-sensitivity diode sensors (RMS weighting up to 10 µW; ¸NRV-Z3 up to 6 µW)

¸NRV-Z4

N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z1

N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z6

PC-3.5 connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z15

K connector (2.92 mm), 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z3

N connector, 75 Ω

100 kHz to 6 GHz 100 pW to 20 mW

100 mW (AVG) 100 mW (PK)

10 MHz to 18 GHz 200 pW to 20 mW

100 mW (AVG) 100 mW (PK)

50 MHz to

26.5 GHz

400 pW to 20 mW 100 mW (AVG) 100 mW (PK)

50 MHz to 40 GHz 400 pW to 20 mW

100 mW (AVG) 100 mW (PK)

1MHz to 2.5GHz 100 pW to 13 mW

70 mW (AVG) 70 mW (PK)

0.1 MHz to 100 MHz 1.05 (0.024) >0.1 GHz to 2 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >2 GHz to 4 GHz 1.20 (0.09) >4 GHz to 6 GHz 1.35 (0.15)

0.01 GHz to 1 GHz 1.06 (0.03) >1 GHz to 2 GHz 1.13 (0.06) >2 GHz to 4 GHz 1.27 (0.12) >4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.41 (0.17)

0.05 GHz to 4 GHz 1.15 (0.070) >4 GHz to 26.5 GHz 1.37 (0.157)

0.05 GHz to 4 GHz 1.15 (0.070) >4 GHz to 40 GHz 1.37 (0.157)

1 MHz to 1 GHz 1.11 (0.05) >1 GHz to 2.5 GHz 1.20 (0.09)

Medium-sensitivity diode sensors (RMS weighting up to 1 mW)

¸NRV-Z5

N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z2

N connector, 50 Ω

100 kHz to 6 GHz 10 nW to 500 mW

2W (AVG) 10 W (PK)

10 MHz to 18 GHz 20 nW to 500 mW

2W (AVG) 10 W (PK)

100 kHz to 4 GHz 1.05 (0.024) >4 GHz to 6 GHz 1.10 (0.048)

0.01 GHz to 4 GHz 1.05 (0.024) >4 GHz to 8 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.15 (0.07) >12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.20 (0.09)

Thermal power sensors (RMS weighting in complete power measurement range)

¸NRV-Z51

N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z52

PC-3.5 connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z55

K connector (2.92 mm), 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z53

N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z54

N connector, 50 Ω

DC to 18 GHz 1 µW to 100 mW

300 mW (AVG) 10 W (PK, 1 µs)

DC to 26.5 GHz 1 µW to 100 mW

300 mW (AVG) 10 W (PK, 1 µs)

DC to 40 GHz 1 µW to 100 mW

300 mW (AVG) 10 W (PK, 1 µs)

DC to 18 GHz 100 µW to 10 W

18 W (AVG) 1kW (PK, 1µs) (see diagram page 10)

DC to 18 GHz

300 µW to 30 W 36 W (AVG) 1kW (PK, 3µs) (see diagram page 10)

DC to 2 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >2 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.15 (0.07) >12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.20 (0.09)

DC to 2 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >2 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.15 (0.07) >12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.20 (0.09) >18 GHz to 26.5 GHz 1.25 (0.11)

DC to 2 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >2 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.15 (0.07) >12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.20 (0.09) >18 GHz to 26.5 GHz 1.25 (0.11) >26.5 GHz to 40 GHz 1.30 (0.13)

DC to 2 GHz 1.11 (0.052) >2 GHz to 8 GHz 1.22 (0.099) >8 GHz to 12.4 GHz 1.27 (0.119) >12.4 GHz to 18 GHz 1.37 (0.157)

Peak power sensors

¸NRV-Z31

30 MHz to 6 GHz N connector, 50 Ω

¸NRV-Z32

N connector,

30 MHz to 6 GHz

50 Ω

¸NRV-Z33

N connector,

30 MHz to 6 GHz

50 Ω

For footnotes, see end of data sheet.

1 µW to 20 mW 100 mW (AVG) 100 mW (PK)

100 µW to 2 W (model .04), 100 µW to 4 W

(model .05); 1W (AVG) 4 W (PK, 10 ms), 8 W (PK, 1 ms)

1 mW to 20 W 18 W (AVG) 80 W (PK) (see diagram page 10)

0.03 GHz to 0.1 GHz 1.05 (0.024) >0.1 GHz to 2 GHz 1.10 (0.048) >2 GHz to 4 GHz 1.20 (0.09) >4 GHz to 6 GHz 1.35 (0.15)

0.03 GHz to 4 GHz 1.11 (0.052) >4 GHz to 6 GHz 1.22 (0.099)

0.03 GHz to 2.4 GHz 1.11 (0.052) >2.4 GHz to 6 GHz 1.22 (0.099)

Zero offset2)Display

noise

±50 pW 20 pW

±100 pW 40 pW

±200 pW 80 pW

±40 pW 16 pW

±5 nW 2nW 0.03 dB

±10 nW 4nW

Linearity uncertainty

0.03 dB

(0.7%)

0.03 dB

(0.7%)

0.04 dB (1%)

0.03 dB

(0.7%)

0.03 dB

(0.7%)

Power coefficient

±60 nW 22 nW 0.02 dB (0.5%) 0

±6 µW 2.2 µW 0.03 dB (0.7%) 0.011 dB/W

(0.25%/W)

±20 µW 7µW 0.03 dB (0.7%) 0.007 dB/W

(0.15%/W)

±30 nW 3nW included in

0 calibration uncertainty

±3 µW (model .04) ±4 µW (model .05)

±30 µW 3µW included in

0.3 µW (model .04)

0.4 µW (model .05)

included in calibration uncertainty

calibration

0.044 dB/W

(1.0%/W)

0.015 dB/W

(0.35%/W) uncertainty

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 9

Calibration uncertainties in dB (bold type) and in % of power reading

The calibration uncertainties in dB were calculated from the values in percent and rounded to two decimal places so that different values in percent may give one and the same value in dB

Frequency in GHz up to

0.03

¸NRV- Z1

¸NRV-Z2

¸NRV-Z3

¸NRV-Z4

¸NRV-Z5

0.07

1.5

0.07

1.4

0.06

1.4

0.05

1.2

0.05

1.1

¸NRV-Z6

¸NRV-Z15

0.05

¸NRV-Z31

1.2

0.05

1.2

0.08

¸NRV-Z32 (04)

1.7

0.08

1.7

0.08

¸NRV-Z32 (05)

1.7

0.09

1.9

0.08

¸NRV-Z33

1.7

0.08

1.7

¸NRV-Z51

¸NRV-Z52

¸NRV-Z53

¸NRV-Z54

¸NRV-Z55

>0.03

>0.1

to 0.1

to 1>1to 2>2to 4>4to 6>6to 8>8to 10

0.07

0.08

1.6

0.07

1.5

0.06

1.4

0.06

1.3

0.05

1.2

0.05

1.1

0.05

1.1

0.06

1.2

0.06

1.2

0.08

1.7

0.08

1.7

0.08

1.7

0.09

1.9

0.08

1.7

0.08

1.7

0.05

1.0

0.05

1.1

0.07

1.6

0.08

1.7

0.05

1.1

1.6

0.07

1.5

0.07

1.4

1.5

0.06

1.3

0.05

1.2

0.05

1.2

0.05

1.2

0.07

1.6

0.07

1.6

0.09

2.0

0.09

2.0

0.09

2.0

0.10

2.2

0.09

2.0

0.09

2.0

0.05

1.0

0.06

1.2

0.07

1.6

0.08

1.7

0.05

1.2

0.05

1.1

0.06

1.2

0.07

1.6

0.08

1.7

0.05

1.2

0.08

1.7

1.8

0.07

1.6

0.07

calibrated up to 2.5 GHz

1.6

0.06

0.07

1.4

1.5

0.06

1.3

0.06

0.07

1.3

1.6

0.06

0.07

1.3

1.6

0.11

2.4

2.5

0.15

0.16

3.4

3.5

0.13

0.17

2.9

3.8

0.17

0.20

3.7

4.5

0.13

0.17

2.9

3.8

0.25

0.28

5.6

6.1

0.14

0.17

3.2

3.8

0.18

0.20

3.9

4.5

0.05

0.06

1.2

0.06

1.3

1.4

0.10

2.2

0.10

2.2

2.3

0.06

1.3

1.4

0.09

0.10

1.9

2.2

0.07

0.08

1.6

1.8

0.09

0.10

2.0

2.2

0.09

0.10

2.0

2.2

0 mW to 10 mW

>10 mW to 20 mW

0 W to 1 W

>1 W to 2 W

0 W to 1 W

>1 W to 4 W

0 W to 10 W

>10 W to 20 W

0.06

0.07

1.4

1.6

0.07

0.08

1.5

1.7

0.10

0.12

2.3

2.7

0.11

0.12

2.3

2.8

0.07

0.08

1.5

1.7

>10

to 12.4

0.10

2.3

0.08

1.8

0.10

2.3

0.10

2.3

0.07

1.6

0.08

1.8

0.13

2.8

0.13

2.8

0.08

1.8

>12.4

to 15

0.11

2.5

0.09

2.1

0.12

2.7

0.12

2.7

0.09

1.9

0.10

2.1

0.16

3.6

0.16

3.6

0.10

2.1

>15

to 16

0.14

3.0

0.11

2.4

0.14

3.1

0.14

3.1

0.10

2.3

0.11

2.5

0.17

3.8

0.17

3.8

0.11

2.5

>16

to 18

0.15

3.3

0.13

2.8

0.15

3.4

0.15

3.4

0.12

2.7

0.13

2.9

0.18

4.1

0.18

4.1

0.13

2.9

>18

to 20

0.08

1.8

0.08

1.8

0.08

1.8

0.08

1.7

>20

to 24

0.09

2.0

0.09

2.0

0.09

1.9

0.09

1.9

>24

to 26.5

0.09

2.0

0.09

2.0

0.09

1.9

0.09

1.9

>26.5

to 30

0.10

2.2

0.10

2.2

>30

to 35

0.11

2.4

0.11

2.4

>35

to 40

0.10

2.2

0.10

2.1

Temperature effect (relative measurement error in dB (bold type) and in % of power reading)

amb

¸NRV-Z1 to -Z5, -Z31 ¸NRV-Z6/-Z15 ¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33 ¸NRV-Z51/-Z52/-Z55 ¸NRV-Z53/-Z54

22°C to 24°C 18°C to 28°C 10°C to 40°C 0°C to 50°C

max. typ. max. typ. max. typ.

0.05/1.0 0.015/0.3 0.14/3.0 0.05/1.0 0.32/7.0 0.09/2.0

0.03/0.6 0.005/0.1 0.09/2.0 0.02/0.5 0.18/4.0 0.05/1.0

included in

calibration uncertainty

0.06/1.3 0.02/0.4 0.16/3.6 0.06/1.2 0.37/8.1 0.10/2.3

0.06/1.4 0.02/0.4 0.19/4.2 0.06/1.3 0.41/9.0 0.11/2.5

0.02/0.4 0.005/0.1 0.06/1.3 0.02/0.4 0.09/2.0 0.02/0.5

0.04/0.8 0.01/0.2 0.11/2.5 0.03/0.7 0.18/4.0 0.05/1.0

Max. power as a function of ambient temperature for the ¸NRV-Z33, ¸NRV-Z53 and ¸NRV-Z54 sensors.

Power

18 (36) W

15 (30) W

12 (24) W

0°C 20°C 25°C 50°C

35°C

Ambient temperature

Grey area: The maximum surface temperatures permitted in line with IEC1010-1 are exceeded. Provide protection against inadvertent contacting or apply only short-term load to sensor.

10 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Values for ¸NRV-Z54 in ( )

Supplementary data for the Peak Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33

Waveform

Model .02 .03 .04 .05

Min. burst width 2 µs 2 µs 200 µs 2 µs

Min. burst repetition rate

Min. duty cycle

11)

10)

10 Hz 100 Hz 100 Hz 25 Hz

5 × 10

–4

(2 × 10–3) 10

–3

(10–2) 2 × 10

–2

(2 × 10–2) 5 × 10

–4

(2 × 10–3)

Peak weighting error

¸NRV-Z32 (model .05)

Max. peak weighting errors in % of power reading for burst signals of TDMA mobile stations in line with GSM 900/1800/1900, PDC and NADC specifications:

Average burst power GSM 900/1800/1900 NADC / PDC

10 mW to 2 W 1.5 [1.5] 5.5 [5.5]

1 mW to 10 mW 1.5 [2.0] 5.5 [6.5]

0.3 mW to 1 mW 3.5 [4.5] 6.5 [8]

0.1 mW to 0.3 mW 8.0 [11] 15 [20]

Values without brackets (bold type) T Values in [ ] 0°C to 50°C For conversion into dB see table on the right. For other waveforms the diagrams shown for ¸NRV-Z31 model .02 apply approximately, with burst repetition rates of 10 Hz and 50 Hz corresponding to burst repetition rates of 25 Hz and 125 Hz of ¸NRV-Z32.

¸NRV-Z31/-Z32 (model .04)/¸NRV-Z33

The maximum measurement errors specified in the following diagrams for burst signals with corresponding width and repetition rate compared to a CW signal of same power hold true for all peak power sensors (except ¸NRV-Z32 model .05 – see above). Numeric values: maximum error in % of power reading. – without brackets (bold type): T – in ( ): 10°C to 40°C

amb

– in [ ]: 0°C to 50°C – black areas: not specified For conversion into dB see table on the right. Where no value is specified for the temperature range 10°C to 40 °C, the correct value is obtained by forming the average from the values specified for 18°C to 28°C and 0°C to 50 °C.

= 18°C to 28°C

amb

= 18°C to 28°C

Conversion of measurement error in % of power reading into dB:

% dB

±1.5 –0.066/+0.065

±2 –0.088/+0.086

±2.5 –0.110/+0.107

±3 –0.132/+0.128

±3.5 –0.155/+0.149

±4 –0.177/+0.170

±5 –0.223/+0.212

±6 –0.269/+0.253

±7 –0.315/+0.294

±8 –0.362/+0.334

±9 –0.410/+0.374

±10 –0.458/+0.414

±11 –0.506/+0.453

±12 –0.555/+0.492

±13 –0.605/+0.531

±14 –0.655/+0.569

±15 –0.706/+0.607

±16 –0.757/+0.645

±18 –0.862/+0.719

±20 –0.969/+0.792

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

2.5

1.5

(4)

[2.5]

[9]

1 kHz

200 Hz

100 Hz

2 4.5 10 µs

Duty cycle

0.001 0.01

For footnotes see end of data sheet.

¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33

Model .03 Model .04 (burst width ≥200 µs)

GSM 900/1800/1900

DECT

1.5

[1.5]

[2]

100 µs

1 ms

1 mW to 20 mW¸NRV-Z31

100 mW to 2 W

1 W to 20 W

10 ms

0.07

Burst width

1.0

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

50 Hz

10 Hz

2.5

(4)

[9]

4.5 10

Duty cycle

1.5

[2.5]

Model .02

1.5

[1.5]

[3.5]

3.5

µs

100 µs

1 ms

0.0005 0.01

10 ms

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 11

0.1 s

Burst width

0.07 1.0

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

200 Hz

100 Hz

Duty cycle

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

200 Hz

100 Hz

Duty cycle

(12)

1.5

(2) [5]

2 4.5 10 µs

1.5

(2.5)

[8]

(18)

(4)

[10]

2 4.5 10 µs

¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33

Model .03 Model .04 (burst width ≥200 µs) Model .02

1.5

[1.5]

[2]

100 µs

0.001 0.01

¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33

Model .03 Model .04 (burst width ≥200 µs)

1.5

[2]

2.5

[3]

[4]

100 µs

0.001 0.01

GSM 900/1800/1900

DECT

1 ms

0.07

GSM 900/1800/1900

DECT

1 ms

100 µW to 1 mW¸NRV-Z31

10 mW to 100 mW

100 mW to 1 W

Burst width

10 ms

1.0

10 µW to 100 µW¸NRV-Z31

1 mW to 10 mW

10 mW to 100 mW

[2.5]

Burst width

10 ms

0.07

1.0

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

50 Hz

10 Hz

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

50 Hz

10 Hz

(12)

4.5 10

Duty cycle

(18)

4.5 10

Duty cycle

1.5

(2)

[5]

1.5

(2.5)

[10]

Peak weighting error (continued)

1.5

[1.5]

[3]

µs

100 µs

[8]

(4)

µs

100 µs

1 ms

0.0005 0.01

10 ms

Model .02

1.5

[2]

2.5

[3.5]

4 [5] [3.5]

1 ms

0.0005 0.01

10 ms

0.1 s

Burst width

0.07 1.0

0.1 s

Burst width

0.07 1.0

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

200 Hz

100 Hz

Duty cycle

(4)

[10]

(20)

(6)

[12]

(9)

[15]

2 4.5 10 µs

[7]

[10]

0.001 0.01

12 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

3 µW to 10 µW¸NRV-Z31 ¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33

Model .03 Model .04 (burst width ≥200 µs)

GSM 900/1800/1900

DECT

[4]

100 µs

300 µW to 1 mW

3 mW to 10 mW

[5]

1 ms

0.07

10 ms

Burst width

1.0

Burst

repetition rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

50 Hz

10 Hz

(20)

4.5 10

Duty cycle

[10]

[12]

[15]

(4)

Model .02

(6)

(9)

[9]

[4]

[6]

[11] [9] [7]

µs

100 µs

0.0005 0.01

1 ms

10 ms

0.1 s

Burst width

0.07 1.0

Burst

repetition

rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

200 Hz

100 Hz

Duty cycle

(9)

[16]

(15)

2 4.5 10

¸NRV-Z32 ¸NRV-Z33

[18]

0.001 0.01

Model .03 Model .04

100 µs

100 µW to 300 µW

(burst width ≥200 µs)

GSM 900/1800/1900

DECT

[10]

1 ms

1 µW to 3 µW¸NRV-Z31

1 mW to 3 mW

[12]

10 ms

0.07

Burst width

1.0

Burst

repetition

rate

100 kHz

10 kHz

1 kHz

50 Hz

20 Hz

10 Hz

4.5 10 µs

Duty cycle

[16]

(15)

Peak weighting error (continued)

(9)

Model .02

1 ms

[12]

10 ms

0.1 s

Burst width

0.07 1.0

[10]

[18]

100 µs

0.0005 0.01

General data

Environmental conditions

Temperature ranges meet DIN IEC68-2-1/68-2-2

Operating 0 °C to +50°C

Storage −40 °C to +70°C

Permissible humidity max. 80 %, without condensation

Vibration, sinusoidal 5 Hz to 55 Hz, max. 2 g;

Vibration, random 10 Hz to 500 Hz, acceleration 1.9 g (rms)

Shock 40 g shock spectrum

EMC meets EN 50081-1 and 50082-1,

Safety meets EN 61010-1

Dimensions and weight

¸NRV-Z1 to -Z15/-Z31 ¸NRV-Z51/-Z52/-Z55

¸NRV-Z51, model .04 156 mm × 37 mm × 31 mm; 0.35 kg

¸NRV-Z32 190 mm × 37 mm × 31 mm; 0.42 kg

¸NRV-Z33, ¸NRV-Z53 240 mm × 54 mm × 60 mm; 0.53 kg

¸NRV-Z54 298 mm × 54 mm × 60 mm; 0.68 kg

Length of connecting cable

*) For use at RF connectors with high temperature difference to the environment of the power

sensor, e.g. at the output of power attenuators.

55 Hz to 150 Hz, 0.5 g const. (meets DIN IEC68-2-6, IEC 1010-1 and MIL-T-28800 D class 5)

(meets DIN IEC68-2-36)

(meets MIL-STD-810 D, DIN IEC 68-2-27)

EMC directive of EU (89/336/EEC), EMC law of the Federal Republic of Germany and MIL-STD-461 C (RE 02, CE 03, RS 03, CS 02)

120 mm × 37 mm × 31 mm; 0.35 kg

1.3 m/5 m (other lengths on request)

Ordering information

High-Sensitivity Diode Sensors

20 mW, 50 Ω, 18 GHz ¸NRV-Z1 0828.3018.02

with 5 m cable ¸NRV-Z1 0828.3018.03

13 mW, 75 Ω, 2.5 GHz ¸NRV-Z3 0828.3418.02

with 5 m cable ¸NRV-Z3 0828.3418.03

20 mW, 50 Ω, 6 GHz ¸NRV-Z4 0828.3618.02

with 5 m cable ¸NRV-Z4 0828.3618.03 20 mW, 50 Ω, 26.5 GHz ¸NRV-Z6 0828.5010.03 20 mW, 50 Ω, 40 GHz ¸NRV-Z15 1081.2305.02

Medium-Sensitivity Diode Sensors

500 mW, 50 Ω, 18 GHz ¸NRV-Z2 0828.3218.02

with 5 m cable ¸NRV-Z2 0828.3218.03 500 mW, 50 Ω, 6 GHz ¸NRV-Z5 0828.3818.02

with 5 m cable ¸NRV-Z5 0828.3818.03

Thermal Power Sensors

100 mW, 50 Ω, 18 GHz ¸NRV-Z51 0857.9004.02

with 3 m cable,

thermally insulated*) 100 mW, 50 Ω, 26.5 GHz ¸NRV-Z52 0857.9204.02 10 W, 50 Ω, 18 GHz ¸NRV-Z53 0858.0500.02 30 W, 50 Ω, 18 GHz ¸NRV-Z54 0858.0800.02 100 mW, 50 Ω, 40 GHz ¸NRV-Z55 1081.2005.02

Peak Power Sensors

20 mW, 50 Ω, 6 GHz ¸NRV-Z31 –Standard model –Model .02 0857.9604.02 – High-speed model –Model .03 0857.9604.03 –TDMA model –Model .04 0857.9604.04 2 W, 50 Ω, 6 GHz ¸NRV-Z32 –TDMA model –Model .04 1031.6807.04 –Universal model –Model .05 1031.6807.05 20 W, 50 Ω, 6 GHz ¸NRV-Z33 – High-speed model –Model .03 1031.6507.03 –TDMA model –Model .04 1031.6507.04

Calibration Kit

Calibration Kit for Power Sensors 1 µW to 100 mW; DC to 18 GHz

Verification Set for ¸NRVC ¸NRVC-B1 1109.1007.02 Accessory Set for Linearity

Measurements

¸NRV-Z51 0857.9004.04

¸NRVC 1109.0500.02

¸NRVC-B2 1109.1207.02

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 13

Definitions

Measurement uncertainty

Parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand. Regarding calibrations and data sheet specifications, Rohde&Schwarz international guidelines

conforms to the relevant

15)

recommending the specification of an expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor k=2. With normally distributed measurement errors it can be assumed that the limits thus defined will be adhered to in 95% of all cases.

Calibration uncertainty

Expanded (k =2) uncertainty attributed to the calibration factors in the data memory of a sensor and hence smallest measurement uncertainty that can be attained for absolute power measurements under reference conditions ifications for the ¸NRV sensors based on the measurement calibration

16)

. The data sheet spec-

17)

are

uncertainty in

plus an additional uncertainty

for aging and wear and tear.

Mismatch uncertainty

Measurement uncertainty contribution that has additionally to be taken into account with a mismatched source, if the value measured by the power meter is to be used to determine the source power available with a matched load.

Linearity

Measure of a power meter’s capability to express an increase/reduction of the measured power in a corresponding change of the reading. Linearity is affected by negative influences in the calibration of the sensor (linearity uncertainty), zero offset, display noise and influence of the base unit (upon change of the measurement range). With diode sensors operated outside the square-law region the following parameters may additionally influence the linearity: frequency-dependent linearity errors, temperature effect, harmonics.

Linearity uncertainty

Smallest expanded (k=2) uncertainty that can be attained for relative power measurements under reference condi-

18)

tions

relative to the sensor-specific reference power. The magnitude of the linearity uncertainty is mainly determined by the calibration method.

Frequency-dependent linearity error

Linearity errors outside the square-law region caused by the voltage-dependent junction capacitance of a diode detector and noticeable from about ¼ of the upper frequency limit. Rohde&Schwarz specifies the error relative to the sensor-specific reference power.

Power coefficient

Measure of the sensitivity of a highpower sensor to the self-heating of the attenuator pad at the input. Multiplication by the average power of the test signal yields the maximum variation of the attenuation value that causes a variation of the reading by the same amount. As a function of the variation speed of the measured quantity, this behaviour may cause linearity errors. The thermal time constants of the attenuator pads used lie in the range of seconds.

Zero offset

Error in the measurement result caused by the power meter in the form of a systematic, absolute measurement error independent of the magnitude of the measured power. Zero offsets can very easily be recognized if the reading is other than zero with no power applied. The relative measurement uncertainty caused by zero offsets is inversely proportional to the measured power.

14 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

For footnotes see end of data sheet.

Definitions (continued)

User interface of measurement uncertainty analysis program.

Display noise

Statistical component superimposed on the reading whose absolute magnitude is independent of the measured power. Therefore the relative measurement uncertainty caused by display noise is inversely proportional to the measured power.

Peak weighting error

Measurement error of a peak power sensor in case of a pulsed but otherwise unmodulated RF signal with squarewave envelope (burst) compared to a CW signal of same power.

Harmonics effect

Harmonics may adversely affect the measurement accuracy of diode sensors, and compared to a thermal sensor the reading is increased or decreased depending on the phase position relative to the fundamental. Thermal sensors always measure the power of the total signal and therefore exclusively provide RMS weighting of the harmonics – provided these are within the specified frequency range. For details on the behaviour of diode sensors please refer to the Rohde & Schwarz brochure on Voltage and Power Measurements (PD 0757.0835). As a rule of thumb

it can be assumed that the harmonics effect for power ratings below 1 µW (−30 dBm) with high-sensitivity sensors and 100 µW (−10 dBm) with mediumsensitivity sensors is negligible. Harmonics below −60 dBc can be considered to be noncritical irrespective of the power measured.

Temperature effect

Effect of the ambient temperature on the accuracy of the sensor. Rohde&Schwarz specifies the residual relative measurement error after internal correction of the temperature response of the sensor, i.e. the maximum value and a typical value corresponding approximately to one standard deviation. The specifications apply without any restrictions to thermal sensors and to diode sensors operated inside the square-law region, whereas for diode sensors outside the square-law region they refer exclusively to CW signals.

Influence of base unit

Rohde&Schwarz specifies the maximum measurement error caused by the base unit in absolute power measurements at different ambient temperatures.

CDMA2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA -USA)

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 15

Definitions (continued)

Calculation of total measurement uncertainty

The calculation or at least estimation of the measurement uncertainty should be part of every power measurement. Therefore, Rohde&Schwarz offers the ¸NRV-Z measurement uncertainty analysis program*), a tool that allows fast calculation of the measurement uncertainty without any basic knowledge being required. For manual calculation, the individual influencing parameters should also be combined statistically, as described on page 14, for example. The influencing parameters to be taken into account are listed in the table below.

Type of sensor ➱ Thermal sensor or diode sensor

inside square-law region

Type of measurement ➱ absolute relative

Diode sensor outside squarelaw region + CW signal

20)

absolute relative

20)

Peak power sensor

absolute relative

Influencing parameter

Mismatch uncertainty ● ❍

19)

● ❍

19)

● ❍

19)

Calibration uncertainty ● ● ● ●

Linearity uncertainty ● ● ● ●

Frequency-dependent linearity error ● ●

Power coefficient ❍

Harmonics effect ❍

12)

13)

❍

12)

13)

● ● ● ●

❍

12)

❍

12)

Temperature effect ● ● ● ● ●

Zero offset ● ● ● ●

Display noise ● ● ● ●

Base unit ● ❍

14)

● ❍

14)

● ❍

14)

Peak weighting error ● ●

The table below shows an example of the measurement uncertainty being manually calculated for an absolute power measurement with the Thermal Power Sensor ¸NRV-Z51 at 1.9 GHz/

Influencing parameter Value Weighting /distribution u

Mismatch uncertainty (SWR

Calibration uncertainty 0.050 dB 2 σ/normal 0.025 dB

Linearity uncertainty 0.020 dB 2 σ/normal 0.010 dB

Temperature effect (18°C to 28 °C) 0.005 dB 1 σ 0.005 dB

Zero offset 60 nW 2 σ/normal 0.001 dB

Display noise (filter 7) 4 × 22 nW 2 σ /normal 0.002 dB

¸NRVS base unit 0.017 dB 1.7 σ /square 0.010 dB

= 1.2) 0.038 dB 1.4 σ /u 0.027 dB

source

−

10 dBm:

Specification Standard uncertainty

Expanded uncertainty

2x x Σ u

( ) = 0.080 dB (1.8 %)

20)

*) Application Note 1GP43, can be downloaded from the Rohde&Schwarz homepage,

under Products & More, Application Notes.

16 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Footnotes

Wit h GSM and D ECT t he env elop e is u nmod ulat ed so t hat t he de termination of the average burst power can be reduced t o a measurement of the peak power (PEP).

Within 1 h after zero adjustment with a probability of 95%, permissible temperature variation 1 °C, after 2 h warm-up of base unit with sensor. ¸NRV-Z53 and ¸NRV-Z54: after measurement of high-power signals, larger zero offsets may temporarily oc cur (up to 0.5 mW for ¸NRV-Z53, 2 mW for ¸NRV-Z54 after application of rated power).

Noise specifications (two standard deviations) refer to filter 11, temperature 18 ° C to 28 ° C. With the most sensitive measurement ra nge se lec te d on ¸N RVS , ¸ NRV D an d ¸ URV 55 , fi lt er 1 1 is se t automatically (autofilter mode, resolution HIGH). Noise values for other filter settings are obtained by multiplication with the factors specified in the table below. The specified measurement times are typical values in remote-control mode:

Filter No. (¸NRVS, ¸NRVD,

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

¸URV55)

Noise multiplier 51 32 23 16 11.3 8 5.6 4 2.8 2 1.4 1.0 0.7

Meas. time (s) ¸NRV-Z1 to -Z6/-Z15 0.045 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.15 0.27 0.49 0.95 1.85 3.6 7.2 14.5 28.5

¸NRV-Z31, model .02 1.04 1.04 1.05 1.07 1.13 1.24 1.44 1.84 2.7 4.3 7.5 14 27

¸NRV-Z31, models .03/04

0.135 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.34 0.54 0.94 1.77 3.4 6.6 13 26

¸NRV-Z32, model .04 0.135 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.34 0.54 0.94 1.77 3.4 6.6 13 26

¸NRV-Z32, model .05 0.435 0.44 0.45 0.47 0.53 0.64 0.84 1.24 2.07 3.7 6.9 14 27

¸NRV-Z33 0.135 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.34 0.54 0.94 1.77 3.4 6.6 13 26

¸NRV-Z51 to -Z55 0.115 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.21 0.32 0.52 0.92 1.75 3.4 6.6 13 26

In autofilter mode the following settings are made as a function of measurement range and resolution:

Filter No.

Resolution HIGH 0.001 dB 11 9 7 7 7 7 7

MEDIUM 0.01 dB 9 7 3 3 3 3 3

LOW 0.1 dB 7 3 0 0 0 0 0

Meas. range ¸

NRV-Z1/-Z3/-Z4/-Z6/-Z15

10 nW 100 nW 1 µW 10 µW 100 µW 1 mW 20 mW

¸NRV-Z2/-Z5 1 µW 10 µW 100 µW 1 mW 10 mW

100 mW

500 mW

¸NRV-Z31 – 1 µW 10 µW 100 µW 1mW 20 mW –

¸NRV-Z32 – 100 µW 1mW 10 mW 100 mW 2 (4) W –

¸NRV-Z33 – 1mW 10 mW 100 mW 1W 20 W –

¸NRV-Z51/-Z52/-Z55 10 µW 100 µW 1mW 10 mW 100 mW – –

¸NRV-Z53 1mW 10 mW 100 mW 1W 10 W – –

¸NRV-Z54 10 mW 100 mW 1W 10 W 30 W – –

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 17

Footnotes (continued)

Further causes of linearity errors are described in the section "Definitions" under the keyword "Linearity". The linearity errors specified in the table below are referenced to the sensor-specific reference power. Since the errors are proportional to frequency and power, the specified maximum values can be expected to occur at the individual interval limits only.

Frequency-dependent linearity errors for diode sensors

Frequency

10 MHz to 4 GHz 4 GHz to 8 GHz >8 GHz to 13 GHz >13 GHz to 18 GHz

¸NRV-Z1 −17 dBm to +3 dBm

20 µW to 2 mW

>+3 dBm to +13 dBm >2mW to 20mW

¸NRV-Z2 +3 dBm to +23 dBm

2 mW to 200 mW

>+23 dBm to +27 dBm >200 mW to 500 mW

¸NRV-Z4 −17 dBm to +3 dBm

20 µW to 2 mW

>+3 dBm to +13 dBm >2mW to 20mW

¸NRV-Z5 +3 dBm to +23 dBm

2mW to 200mW

>+23 dBm to +27 dBm >200 mW to 500 mW

¸NRV-Z6 (model .03)

−17 dBm to +3 dBm 20 µW to 2 mW

>+3 dBm to +13 dBm >2mW to 20mW

¸NRV-Z15 −17 dBm to +3 dBm

20 µW to 2 mW

>+3 dBm to +13 dBm > 2mW to 20mW

K connector is a trademark of Anritsu Corp.

In the temperature range 35 °C to 50° C only short-term or reduced load (see diagram page 10) permitted if there is no protection against inadvertent contacting.

The lower frequency limit is 10 MHz for ambient temperatures up to 28 °C.

4 W peak power corresponds to an average power of approx. 2.1 W of a mobile to NADC or PDC standa rd.

For frequencies below 50 MHz, no calibration factors are stored in the EPROM of the sensor. Therefore, frequency-response correction should not be used in this range and a calibration uncertainty of 2 % be assumed.

10)

The burst repetition rate is the reciprocal value of the burst period T.

11)

The values in parentheses should not be exceeded in remote-controlled operation. Otherwise it is not ensured that the first value measured after triggering is a settled reading. Repeat triggering until steady results are output or provide for an appropriate delay before triggering after pow er to be measured has been applied.

12)

Sensors with attenuator pad only.

13)

At upper limit of square-law region.

14)

To be considered when measuring in different ranges.

15)

ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland, ISBN: 92-67-10188-9 , 1995. Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics. ETSI T echnical Report ETR028, June 1997, 3rd Edition, European Telecommunications Standards Institute. Valbonne, France.

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 0 dB to +0.17 dB

0% to +4%

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 0 dB to +0.15 dB

0% to +3.5 %

0 dB to +0.21 dB 0% to +5%

0 dB to +0.41 dB 0% to +10%

0 dB to +0.21 dB 0% to +5%

0 dB to +0.33 dB 0% to +8%

0 dB to +0.25 dB 0% to +6%

0 dB to +0.49 dB 0% to +12%

0 dB to +0.25 dB 0% to +6%

0 dB to +0.41 dB 0% to +10%

100 kHz to 1.5 GHz >1.5 GHz to 3 GHz >3 GHz to 6 GHz

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 0 dB to +0.17 dB

0% to +4%

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 0 dB to +0.15 dB

0% to +3.5 %

0 dB to +0.25 dB 0% to +6%

0 dB to +0.41 dB 0% to +10%

0 dB to +0.25 dB 0% to +6%

0 dB to +0.33 dB 0% to +8%

0.05 GHz to 0.2 GHz >0.2 GHz to 4 GHz >4 GHz to 12.4 GHz >12.4 GHz to 26.5 GHz

±0.01 dB

±0.2%

−0.02 dB to +0.01 dB

−0.5% to +0.2%

0 0 dB to +0.04 dB

0% to +1%

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 dB to +0.09 dB 0% to +2%

0 dB to +0.33 dB 0% to +8%

0.05 GHz to 0.2 GHz >0.2 GHz to 4 GHz >4 GHz to 12.4 GHz >12.4 GHz to 40 GHz

±0.01 dB ±0.2%

−0.02 dB to +0.01 dB

−0.5% to +0.2%

0 0 dB to +0.04 dB

0% to +1%

0 0 dB to +0.09 dB

0% to +2%

0 dB to +0.09 dB 0% to +2%

0 dB to +0.33 dB 0% to +8%

18 Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z

Footnotes (continued)

16)

Sensor temperature 22°C to 24°C, matched source, CW signal with sensor-specific reference power, >50 dB harmonic suppression for diode sensors. Influence of base unit neglected (e.g. after calibration). The sensor-specific reference power is 1 µW to 10 µW for high-sensitivity diode sensors,

0.1 mW to 1 mW for medium-sensitivity diode sensors, 1 mW for ¸NRV-Z51/-Z52/-Z55, 10 mW to 100 mW for ¸NRV-Z53 and 10 mW to 300 mW for ¸NRV-Z54. For the ¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z32/¸NRV-Z33 peak power sensors the specified calibration uncertainties are valid in the total power range, however with a harmonic suppression of 60 dB or more.

17)

Calculated for an average sensor of the relevant type. The uncertainties stated in the calibration report may slightly differ since they are determined taking into account the individual characteristics of the sensor and of the calibration system used. Usually the values are better than the data sheet specs; they may occasionally be somewhat poorer at specific frequency values.

18)

Thermal sensors and diode sensors operated inside the square-law region: No restrictions on part of the sensor, only the influence of the b ase u nit an d zer o off set s houl d be negligible (sufficient measurement power, base unit calibrated, ambient temperature 15 °C to 35°C). Diode sensors operated outside the square-law region: Sen sor t empe ratu re 22 °C t o 24 °C, CW si gnal w ith h armo nics supp ression >60 dB, frequency within the range without frequency-dependent linearity uncertainties, influence of base unit and zero offset negligible (sufficient measurement power, base unit calibrated).

19)

For power-dependent source matching.

20)

At constant test frequency.

Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z 19

More information at

www.rohde-schwarz.com

(search term: NRV-Z)

Certified Quality System

ISO 9001

DQS REG. NO 1954 QM

www.rohde-schwarz.com

Europe: Tel. +49 1805 12 4242, e-mail: customersupport@rsv.rohde-schwarz.com · USA: Tel. +1 410-910-7988, e-mail: customersupport@rsa.rohde-schwarz.com

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Certified Environmental System

ISO

14001

DQS REG. NO 1954 UM

¸is a registered trademark of Rohde&Schwarz GmbH&Co. KG · Trade names are trademarks of the owners · Printed in Germany (Pe bb)

PD 0758.2248.32 · Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z · Version 04.00 · October 2004 · Data without tolerance limits is not binding · Subject to change

Rohde and Schwarz NRV-Z51 Data Sheet

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Plug in and measure

The right sensor for every application

Thermal power sensors

High-sensitivity diode sensors

Medium-sensitivity diode sensors

Peak power sensors The ¸NRV-Z31/¸NRV-Z32/ ¸NRV-Z33 peak power sensors take

cdmaOne, CDMA2000®, CDMA, WCDMA, NADC, PDC, DAB, DVB...

The right sensor for digital modulation

Precision calibration

Measurement accuracy and matching

The base units

¸NRVD

¸NRVS

¸URV35

¸URV 55

Sensors for voltage and level measurements

RF Probe ¸URV5-Z7

Insertion Units ¸URV5-Z2/ ¸URV5-Z4

DC Probe ¸URV5-Z1

Calibration Kit ¸NRVC

Main features

Specifications

Supplementary data for the Peak Power Sensors ¸NRV-Z31/-Z32/-Z33

General data

Ordering information

Definitions

Measurement uncertainty

Calibration uncertainty

Mismatch uncertainty

Linearity

Linearity uncertainty

Frequency-dependent linearity error

Power coefficient

Zero offset

Definitions (continued)

Display noise

Peak weighting error

Harmonics effect

Temperature effect

Influence of base unit

Definitions (continued)

Calculation of total measurement uncertainty

Footnotes

Footnotes (continued)

Footnotes (continued)