Rohde and Schwarz FSH626 Operating Manual

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Page 1

Test and Measurement Division

Operating Manual

Handheld Spectrum Analyzer

R&SFSH

1145.5850.03

1145.5850.13

1145.5850.23

1145.5850.06

1145.5850.26

1145.5850.18

1145.5973.12-14- 1

Page 2

Dear Customer,

R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG. Trade names are trademarks of the owners.

1145.5973.12-14- 2

Page 3

R&S FSH Contents

Specifications Safety Instructions Certificate of Quality EC-Certificate of Conformity Support Center Address List of R&S Representatives

1 Putting into Operation..............................................................................................................1.1

Front view..........................................................................................................................................1.1

Putting into Operation......................................................................................................................1.2

Unpacking the Instrument ...........................................................................................................1.2

Setting up the Instrument............................................................................................................1.3

Switching on the Spectrum Analyzer ..........................................................................................1.4

Spectrum Analyzer Connectors ..................................................................................................1.5

Screen Settings...........................................................................................................................1.8

Country-Specific Settings..........................................................................................................1.10

Setting the Date and Time ........................................................................................................1.11

Setting the date ............................................................................................................1.11

Setting the time ............................................................................................................1.11

Charging the Battery......................................................................................................................1.12

Selecting the Instrument Default Setup .......................................................................................1.13

External Reference / External Trigger Switchover ......................................................................1.14

Controlling the RF Attenuator.......................................................................................................1.15

Using a Preamplifier .......................................................................................................................1.15

PIN Entry..........................................................................................................................................1.17

Connecting Printers .......................................................................................................................1.19

Setting the Baud Rate for Remote Control ..................................................................................1.21

Enabling Options............................................................................................................................1.21

Checking the Installed Options.....................................................................................................1.22

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Contents R&S FSH

2 Getting Started ............................................................................................................................2.1

Measurements on CW Signals ........................................................................................................2.1

Level measurement ....................................................................................................................2.1

Setting the Reference Level........................................................................................................2.2

Frequency Measurements ..........................................................................................................2.3

Harmonic Measurements of a Sinewave Signal.........................................................................2.4

Power Measurements Using the Power Sensor .........................................................................2.5

Power and Return Loss Measurements with the R&S FSH-Z14 or the R&S FSH-Z44..............2.7

Two-Port Transmission Measurements ......................................................................................2.9

Measurement of Return Loss ...................................................................................................2.11

Performing Distance-To-Fault Measurements..........................................................................2.14

Operation in Receiver Mode..........................................................................................................2.20

Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio...........................................................................................2.25

Reference power/reference level ..............................................................................................2.26

Measuring the noise power.......................................................................................................2.27

Saving and Recalling Settings and Test Results ........................................................................2.28

Saving Measurement Results ...................................................................................................2.28

Saving Calibration Data ............................................................................................................2.29

Recalling Measurement Results ...............................................................................................2.30

Printing Out Measurement Results ..............................................................................................2.31

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R&S FSH Contents

3 Operation .......................................................................................................................................3.1

Screen Layout ...................................................................................................................................3.1

Screen layout for spectrum-mode measurements without markers ...........................................3.1

Screen layout when the marker mode is selected ......................................................................3.2

Entering Measurement Parameters ................................................................................................3.3

Entering values and texts............................................................................................................3.3

Entering units ..............................................................................................................................3.4

Menu Overview .................................................................................................................................3.5

Frequency entry........................................................................................................................3.5

Frequency span ........................................................................................................................3.5

Level setting ..............................................................................................................................3.5

Bandwidth setting.....................................................................................................................3.5

Sweep.........................................................................................................................................3.6

Trace setting..............................................................................................................................3.6

Measurement functions ...........................................................................................................3.7

Markers .....................................................................................................................................3.10

Save and print menu ..............................................................................................................3.12

Instrument setup.....................................................................................................................3.12

Status display............................................................................................................................3.12

Menus in the Receiver Mode (Option R&S FSH-K3) ...................................................................3.13

Menu for 3GPP BTS Code Domain Power Measurement (Option R&S FSH-K4) ...................3.16

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Contents R&S FSH

4 Instrument Functions ..........................................................................................................................4.1

Instrument Default Setup.................................................................................................................4.1

Status Display ...................................................................................................................................4.1

Setting the Frequency......................................................................................................................4.2

Entering the center frequency.....................................................................................................4.2

Setting a frequency offset ...........................................................................................................4.2

Entering the center-frequency step size .....................................................................................4.3

Entering the start and stop frequency .........................................................................................4.4

Working with channel tables .......................................................................................................4.4

Setting the Span ...............................................................................................................................4.6

Setting the Amplitude Parameters..................................................................................................4.7

Setting the reference level ..........................................................................................................4.8

Entering the display range ..........................................................................................................4.9

Entering the display unit..............................................................................................................4.9

Entering the reference offset ....................................................................................................4.10

Entering the input impedance ...................................................................................................4.10

Setting the Bandwidths .................................................................................................................4.11

Resolution bandwidth................................................................................................................4.11

Video bandwidth........................................................................................................................4.13

Setting the Sweep...........................................................................................................................4.15

Sweep time ...............................................................................................................................4.15

Sweep mode .............................................................................................................................4.16

Trigger.......................................................................................................................................4.16

Trace Settings.................................................................................................................................4.19

Trace mode...............................................................................................................................4.19

Detector ....................................................................................................................................4.20

Trace memory...........................................................................................................................4.22

Trace mathematics ...................................................................................................................4.23

Using the Markers ..........................................................................................................................4.24

Automatic marker positioning ...................................................................................................4.25

Using more than one marker at a time (multimarker mode).....................................................4.27

Marker functions .......................................................................................................................4.30

Measuring the noise power density..............................................................................4.30

Measuring the frequency..............................................................................................4.31

AF demodulation.......................................................................................................................4.32

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R&S FSH Contents

Using the Display Line ...................................................................................................................4.33

Setting and Using the Measurement Functions..........................................................................4.34

Measuring the channel power of continuously modulated signals ..........................................4.34

Selecting the standard ..............................................................................................................4.35

Setting the reference level ........................................................................................................4.37

Setting the channel bandwidth..................................................................................................4.37

Changing the span....................................................................................................................4.38

Power display............................................................................................................................4.39

Power measurements on TDMA signals......................................................................................4.41

Selecting a standard .................................................................................................................4.41

Setting the measurement time ..................................................................................................4.43

Optimizing the reference level ..................................................................................................4.43

Power readout...........................................................................................................................4.44

Setting the trigger......................................................................................................................4.44

Measuring the occupied bandwidth .............................................................................................4.45

Selecting a standard .................................................................................................................4.46

Setting the reference level ........................................................................................................4.47

Setting the channel bandwidth..................................................................................................4.48

Entering the power percent to determine the occupied bandwidth ...........................................4.49

Displaying the occupied bandwidth...........................................................................................4.49

Changing the span....................................................................................................................4.50

Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio...........................................................................................4.51

Determining the reference ........................................................................................................4.52

DIGITAL Tx mode........................................................................................................4.52

ANALOG TV mode ......................................................................................................4.53

CW Tx mode................................................................................................................4.53

Manual reference mode ...............................................................................................4.54

Setting the reference channel ......................................................................................4.54

Setting the reference channel bandwidth.....................................................................4.55

Setting the analyzer reference level for the reference channel measurement.............4.56

Inserting the C/N reference ..........................................................................................4.57

Units of the C/N reference ...........................................................................................4.57

Measuring the noise channel power and calculating the carrier power/noise power ................4.57

Setting the noise channel.............................................................................................4.58

Setting the noise channel bandwidth ...........................................................................4.59

Setting the R&S FSH reference level during noise channel measurement .................4.59

Selecting the C/N result display ...................................................................................4.60

C/N measurement result display..................................................................................4.60

Changing the span.......................................................................................................4.61

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Contents R&S FSH

Using the R&S FSH in receiver mode...........................................................................................4.62

Setting the frequency ................................................................................................................4.63

Setting the reference level ........................................................................................................4.65

Setting the bandwidth................................................................................................................4.66

Setting the detector...................................................................................................................4.67

Setting the measurement time ..................................................................................................4.67

Measurement on multiple frequencies or channels (scan) .......................................................4.68

Measurements using the power sensor.......................................................................................4.70

Connecting the power sensor ...................................................................................................4.70

Zeroing the power sensor .........................................................................................................4.72

Selecting the unit for the power readout ...................................................................................4.73

Setting the averaging time ........................................................................................................4.74

Taking additional loss or gain into account ...............................................................................4.74

Measuring forward and reflected power ......................................................................................4.76

Zeroing the power sensor .........................................................................................................4.78

Setting the power measurement weighting...............................................................................4.79

Selecting the unit for the power readout ...................................................................................4.80

Taking additional attenuation into account................................................................................4.82

Two-port measurements with the tracking generator ................................................................4.83

Measuring the transmission of two-ports ..................................................................................4.85

Vector transmission measurement ..............................................................................4.88

Measuring the transmission magnitude .......................................................................4.90

Measuring the transmission phase ..............................................................................4.90

Measuring the electrical length when measuring transmission....................................4.93

Measuring the group delay when measuring transmission..........................................4.94

Transmission measurement using the connected VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z3..........4.96

Spectrum measurements with the VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z3 or R&S FSH-Z2

connected.....................................................................................................................4.97

Setting for detecting the R&S FSH-Z3 in the transmission and spectrum meas. ........4.98

Supplying DC voltage to active DUTs..........................................................................4.99

Reflection measurements ............................................................................................4.99

Scalar measurement of reflection ..............................................................................4.100

Vector measurement of reflection..............................................................................4.102

Measuring the reflection magnitude...........................................................................4.105

Measuring the reflection phase..................................................................................4.105

Measuring the electrical length when measuring reflection .......................................4.106

Displaying the reflection in the Smith chart.................................................4.107

Measuring the group delay when measuring reflection..............................................4.112

Spectrum measurements with the VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z3 or R&S FSH-Z2

connected...................................................................................................................4.113

Settings for detection of the R&S FSH-Z2 and R&S FSH-Z3 ....................................4.114

One-Port Measurement of Cable Loss .......................................................................................4.115

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R&S FSH Contents

Cable Measurements....................................................................................................................4.116

Cable selection .......................................................................................................................4.117

Selecting the frequency range ................................................................................................4.120

Calibrating the test setup ........................................................................................................4.121

Locating cable faults by means of the marker function ..........................................................4.124

Measuring spectrum and reflection.........................................................................................4.127

Further information .................................................................................................................4.128

Setting the span .........................................................................................................4.128

Selecting the center frequency...................................................................................4.129

Measurement .............................................................................................................4.130

Length measurement accuracy..................................................................................4.130

Using Limit Lines..........................................................................................................................4.131

Measurements with limit lines .................................................................................................4.133

Definition range of limit lines ...................................................................................................4.134

Data sets containing limit lines................................................................................................4.134

Measuring with Transducer Factors...........................................................................................4.135

Unit for measurements with transducers ................................................................................4.137

Reference level settings for measurements with transducers ................................................4.137

Frequency range of transducer...............................................................................................4.138

Data sets containing transducer factors .................................................................................4.138

Field-Strength Measurement with Isotropic Antenna...............................................................4.139

Connecting the antenna to the R&S FSH ...............................................................................4.139

Measurement of the resultant field strength in a transmission channel with large bandwidth 4.141

Code Domain Power Measurement on 3GPP FDD Signals ......................................................4.148

Saving and Loading Instrument Settings and Measurement Results.....................................4.153

Saving results .........................................................................................................................4.154

Entering a data set name........................................................................................................4.155

Loading measurement results ................................................................................................4.155

Deleting saved data sets.........................................................................................................4.156

Deleting all data sets...............................................................................................................4.157

Printing out Measurement Results .............................................................................................4.158

Measurements ..............................................................................................................................4.159

How a spectrum analyzer operates ........................................................................................4.159

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R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Specifications

Specifications are valid under the following conditions: 15 minutes warm-up time at ambient temperature, specified environmental conditions met and calibration cycle adhered to. Data without tolerances: typical values. Data designated as "nominal": design parameters, i.e. not tested.

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Frequency

Frequency range 100 kHz to 3 GHz 100 kHz to 6 GHz 10 MHz to 18 GHz

Reference frequency

Aging 1 ppm/year

Temperature drift 0 °C to 30 °C

30 °C to 50 °C

Frequency counter

Resolution 1 Hz

Frequency span 0 Hz, 100 Hz to 3 GHz 0 Hz, 100 Hz to 6 GHz 0 Hz, 100 Hz to 18 GHz

1145.5850.13 0 Hz, 1 kHz to 3 GHz - -

Spectral purity

SSB phase noise f = 500 MHz, 20 to 30 °C

30 kHz from carrier <-85 dBc/(1 Hz) <-85 dBc/(1 Hz)

100 kHz from carrier < -100 dBc/(1 Hz) < -90 dBc/(1 Hz)

1 MHz from carrier < -120 dBc/1 Hz) < -100 dBc/(1 Hz)

Sweep time span = 0 Hz 1 ms to 100 s

span > 0 Hz 20 ms to 1000 s, min. 20 ms/600 MHz

Bandwidths

Resolution bandwidths (-3 dB)

Tolerance

1145.5850.13 1, 3, 10, 30,100, 200, 300 kHz, 1 MHz

1145.5850.03, .23,

1145.5850.06, .26, .18

 300 kHz ± 5 %, nominal

1 MHz

in addition 2 ppm/10°C

In addition 100, 300 Hz

2 ppm

± 10 %, nominal

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Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Resolution bandwidths (-6 dB)

Video bandwidths 10 Hz to 1 MHz in 1, 3 steps

Amplitude

Display range

Maximum permissible DC voltage at RF input

Maximum power 20 dBm, 30 dBm (1 W) for max. 3 minutes 20 dBm

Intermodulation-free dynamic range

Carrier offset  2 MHz

Carrier offset > 2 MHz 66 dB (+13 dBm third-order intercept) 50 dB (nominal)

with option R&S FSH-K3 installed

third-order IM products, 2 x -20 dBm, reference level = -10 dBm

in addition 200 Hz, 9 kHz, 120 kHz, 1 MHz

average noise level displayed to +20 dBm

50 V / 80 V1)

50 V

60 dB (+10 dBm third-order intercept) 50 dB (nominal)

(+5 dBm third-order

intercept)

(+5 dBm third-order

intercept)

80 V valid as of serial number 100900 (model 1145.5850.03) or 101600 (model 1145.5850.13); models 1145.5850.23, 1145.5850.06 and .26 all serial numbers.

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R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Displayed average noise level average value,

resolution bandwidth 1 kHz, video bandwidth 10 Hz, reference level  -30 dBm

10 MHz to 50 MHz <-105 dBm,

typ. -114 dBm

50 MHz to 3 GHz <-105 dBm,

typ. -114 dBm

3 GHz to 5 GHz - <-103 dBm,

5 GHz to 6 GHz - <-96 dBm,

6 GHz to 8 GHz - - <-108 dBm,

8 GHz to 12 GHz - - <-105 dBm,

12 GHz to 16 GHz - - <-100 dBm,

16 GHz to 18 GHz - - <-90 dBm,

With preamplifier

10 MHz to 2.5 GHz

only models

1145.5850.03

1145.5850.23,

<-120 dBm,

typ. -125 dBm

1145.5850.06 and

1145.5850.26

2.5 GHz to 3 GHz <-115 dBm, typ. -120 dBm

3 GHz to 5 GHz - <-115 dBm,

5 GHz to 6 GHz - <-105 dBm,

<-105 dBm,

typ. -112 dBm

<-105 dBm,

typ. -112 dBm

typ. -108 dBm

typ. -102 dBm

<-120 dBm,

typ. -125 dBm

<-115 dBm,

typ. -120 dBm

typ. -110 dBm

<-90 dBm,

typ. -98 dBm

<-110 dBm,

typ. -118 dBm

<-110 dBm,

typ. -118 dBm

<-110 dBm,

typ. -118 dBm

typ. -113 dBm

typ. -108 dBm

typ. -102 dBm

As of serial number 100900 and firmware version 6.0 or higher.

1145.5973.12 TI.3 E-14

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Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Inherent spurious

Input related spurious R&S FSH3 / FSH6

Receive frequency

Up to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz

reference level  -20 dBm, f > 30 MHz, RBW 100 kHz,S/N>10dB

mixer level -40 dBm carrier offset >1 MHz

<-80 dBm <-80 dBm <-80 dBm

-70 dBc (nominal)

-64 dBc (nominal)

Receive frequency = signal frequency – 2.0156 GHz

Input related spurious R&S FSH18

Receive frequency:

10 MHz to 14 GHz

14 GHz to 18 GHz

Receive frequency = signal frequency – 3.9 GHz signal frequency + 0.6 GHz to + 1 GHz signal frequency – 0.6 GHz to – 1 GHz

2nd harmonic

Receive frequency

Up to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 9 GHz

Level display

Reference level -80 to +20 dBm in steps of 1 dB

Display range 100 dB, 50 dB, 20 dB, 10 dB, linear

signal frequency 2 GHz to 3.2 GHz

mixer level carrier offset >1MHz

signal frequency:

10 MHz to 7.6 GHz

7.6 GHz to 18 GHz

10 MHz to 2.8 GHz

2.8 GHz to 7.6 GHz

7.6 GHz to 18 GHz

signal frequency:

3.9 GHz to 18 GHz

7.4 GHz to 7.7 GHz

7.8 GHz to 8.5 GHz

mixer level -40 dBm

-20 dBm

55 dBc (nominal)

-60 dBc (nominal) -60 dBc (nominal)

55 dBc (nominal)

-60 dBc (nominal)

-50 dBc (nominal)

-30 dBc (nominal)

-50 dBc (nominal)

-40 dBc (nominal)

-45 dBc(nominal)

-60 dBc (nominal)

-50 dBc (nominal)

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Page 14

R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Display units

Logarithmic

Linear

Traces 1 trace and 1 memory trace

Trace mathematics A-B and B-A (trace – memory trace and memory trace – trace)

Detectors auto peak, maximum peak, minimum peak, sample, RMS

with option R&S FSH-K3 installed

Level measurement error

at reference level down to

-50 dB, 20 °C to 30 °C

1 MHz to 10 MHz

10 MHz to 20 MHz

20 MHz to 6 GHz

6 GHz to 14 GHz

14 GHz to 18 GHz

Markers

Number of markers or delta markers

Marker functions peak, next peak, minimum, center = marker frequency,

Marker displays normal (level), noise marker, frequency counter (count)

Trigger

Audio demodulation

with transducer also dBIV/m and dBIA/m

with transducer also V/m, mV/m , IV/m and W/m

in addition average and quasi-peak

< 1.5 dB, typ. 0.5 dB

reference level = marker level, all markers to peak

AM (video voltage without AGC) and FM

dBm, dBIV, dBmV

IV, mV, V, nW, µW, mW, W

max. 6

free-running, video, external

< 2 dB

< 1.5 dB

< 2.5 dB

< 3.0 dB

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Page 15

Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Specification Condition R&S FSH3 R&S FSH6 R&S FSH18

Inputs

RF input N female

Input impedance

VSWR 10 MHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 15 GHz 15 GHz to 18 GHz

Trigger/external reference input BNC female, selectable

Trigger voltage TTL

Reference frequency 10 MHz

Required level

Outputs

AF output 3.5 mm mini jack

Output impedance Open-circuit voltage

Tracking generator only models 145.5850.13,

Frequency range 5 MHz to 3 GHz 5 MHz to 6 GHz -

Output level model 1145.5850.13

Output impedance

from 50 

1145.5850.23 und

1145.5850.26

model 1145.5850.23

model 1145.5850.26

f < 3 GHz f > 3 GHz

<1.5 nominal <1.5 nominal

adjustable up to 1.5 V

-20 dBm (nominal) 0 dBm / -20 dBm,

selectable

Interfaces

RS-232-C optical interface

Baud rate 1200, 2400, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 baud

Power sensor 7-contact female connector (type Binder 712)

50 

<1.5 nominal

10 dBm

100 

- 10 dBm (nominal)

- 20 dBm (nominal)

50 , nominal

<1.5 nominal <1.5 nominal

<2 nominal <3 nominal

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Page 16

R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Accessories Power Sensors R&S FSH-Z1 and R&S FSH-Z18

Frequency range R&S FSH-Z1 10 MHz to 8 GHz

R&S FSH-Z18 10 MHz to 18 GHz

VSWR

10 MHz to 30 MHz 30 MHz to 2.4 GHz

2.4 GHz to 8 GHz 8 GHz to 18 GHz

Maximum input power average power

peak power (<10 Is, 1% duty cycle)

Measurement range 200 pW to 200 mW (-67 dBm to +23 dBm)

Signal weighting average power

Effect of harmonics Effect of modulation

Absolute measurement uncertainty

10 MHz to 8 GHz

8 GHz to 18 GHz

Zero offset after zeroing < 110 pW

Dimensions 48 mm x 31 mm x 170 mm, connecting cable 1.5 m

Weight < 0.3 kg

sine signals, no zero offset

15 °C to 35 °C 0 °C to 50 °C

<0.5 % (0.02 dB) at harmonic ratio of 20 dB

<1.5 % (0.07 dB) for continuous digital modulation

< 1.15 < 1.13 < 1.20

<1.25

400 mW (+26 dBm)

1 W (+30 dBm)

<2.3 % (0.10 dB) <4.2 % (0.18 dB)

<3.5 % (0.15 dB) <5.0 % (0.21 dB)

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Page 17

Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Directional Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z14

Frequency range 25 MHz to 1 GHz

Power measurement range 30 mW to 300 W

VSWR referenced to 50 

Power-handling capacity depending on temperature

and matching (see diagram below)

Insertion loss < 0.06 dB

Directivity > 30 dB

Average power

Power measurement range

CW, FM, PM, FSK, GMSK Modulated signals

Measurement uncertainty

25 MHz to 40 MHz

40 MHz to 1 GHz

Zero offset after zeroing

Range of typical meas. error with modulation

FM, PM, FSK, GMSK

AM (80 %)

2 CW carriers with identical power

EDGE, TETRA

CF: ratio of peak envelope power to average power

sine signal, 18 °C to 28 °C, no zero offset

*) if standard is selected

on the R&S FSH

30 mW to 300 W / CF

4.0 % of measured value (0.17 dB)

3.2 % of measured value (0.14 dB)

0 % of measured value (0 dB)

± 3 % of measured value (± 0.13 dB)

± 2 % of measured value (± 0.09 dB)

± 0.5 % of measured value (± 0.02 dB) *)

< 1.06

100 W to 1000 W

30 mW to 300 W

± 4 mW

Temperature coefficient

25 MHz to 40 MHz

40 MHz to 1 GHz

0.40 %/K (0.017 dB/K)

0.25 %/K (0.011 dB/K)

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Page 18

R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Directional Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z14

Max. peak envelope power

Power measurement range

Video bandwidth 4 kHz

200 kHz 600 kHz

Measurement uncertainty 18°C to 28°C same as for average power plus effect of peak hold

Error limits of peak hold circuit for burst signals

Duty cycle  0.1 and

repetition rate  100 / s

20/s repetition rate <100/s

0.001 duty cycle < 0.1

Temperature coefficient

25 MHz to 40 MHz

40 MHz to 1 GHz

Load matching

Matching measurement range

Return loss

VSWR

Minimum forward power specs met from 0.4 W 0.06 W

video bandwidth 4 kHz

200 kHz

600 kHz

± (3 % of measured value + 0.05 W) starting from a

± (3 % of measured value + 0.20 W) starting from a

± (7 % of measured value + 0.40 W) starting from a

plus ± (1.6 % of measured value + 0.15 W)

0.4 W to 300 W 1 W to 300 W 2 W to 300 W

circuit

burst width of 200 Is

burst width of 4 Is

burst width of 2 Is

plus ± 0.10 W

0.50 %/K (0.022 dB/K)

0.35 %/K (0.015 dB/K)

0 dB to 23 dB

> 1.15

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Page 19

Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Directional Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z14

Error limits for matching measurements

Power-handling capacity

Dimensions 120 mm x 95 mm x 39 mm, connecting cable 1.5 m

Weight 0.65 kg

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Page 20

R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18 Data Sheet

Directional Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z44

Frequency range 200 MHz to 4 GHz

Power measurement range

VSWR referenced to 50 

200 MHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 4 GHz

Power-handling capacity depending on temperature

and matching (see diagram below)

Insertion loss

200 MHz to 1.5 GHz

1.5 GHz to 4 GHz

Directivity

200 MHz to 3 GHz

3 GHz to 4 GHz

Average power

Power measurement range

CW, FM, PM, FSK, GMSK 3GPP W-CDMA,

cdmaOne, cdma2000, DAB, DVB-T

Other modulated signals

Measurement uncertainty

200 MHz to 300 MHz

300 MHz to 4 GHz

CF: ratio of peak envelope power to average power

sine signal, 18 °C to 28 °C, no zero offset

4.0 % of measured value (0.17 dB)

3.2 % of measured value (0.14 dB)

30 mW to 300 W

< 1.07

< 1.12

120 W to 1000 W

< 0.06 dB

< 0.09 dB

> 30 dB

> 26 dB

30 mW to 300 W

30 mW to 120 W

30 mW to 300 W / CF

1145.5973.12 TI.11 E-14

Page 21

Data Sheet R&S FSH3, R&S FSH6, R&S FSH18

Directional Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z44

Zero offset after zeroing

Range of typical measurement error with modulation

FM, PM, FSK, GMSK

AM (80 %)

2 CW carriers with identical power

/4-DQPSK

EDGE

cdmaOne, DAB

3GPP W-CDMA, cdma2000

DVB-T

Temperature coefficient

200 MHz to 300 MHz

300 MHz to 4 GHz

Max. peak envelope power

Power measurement range

DAB, DVB-T, cdmaOne, cdma2000, 3GPP W-CDMA

Safety Instructions

All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety standard of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our products and the auxiliary equipment required for them are designed and tested in accordance with the relevant safety standards. Compliance with these standards is continuously monitored by our quality assurance system. The product described here has been designed and tested in accordance with the EC Certificate of Conformity and has left the manufacturer’s plant in a condition fully complying with safety standards. To maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, observe all instructions and warnings provided in this manual. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions, the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies will be happy to answer them.

Furthermore, it is your responsibility to use the product in an appropriate manner. This product is designed for use solely in industrial and laboratory environments or in the field and must not be used in any way that may cause personal injury or property damage. You are responsible if the product is used for an intention other than its designated purpose or in disregard of the manufacturer's instructions. The manufacturer shall assume no responsibility for such use of the product.

The product is used for its designated purpose if it is used in accordance with its product documentation and within its performance limits (see data sheet, documentation, the following safety instructions). Using the product requires technical skills and a basic knowledge of English. It is therefore essential that the product be used exclusively by skilled and specialized staff or thoroughly trained personnel with the required skills. If personal safety gear is required for using Rohde & Schwarz products, this will be indicated at the appropriate place in the product documentation.

Observe product documentation

Supply voltage ON/OFF

Weight indication for units >18 kg

Standby indication

Symbols and safety labels

Danger of electric shock

Warning! Hot surface

PE terminal Ground

Direct current (DC)

Alternating current (AC)

Direct/alternating current (DC/AC)

Ground terminal

Attention! Electrostatic sensitive devices

Device fully protected by double/reinforced insulation

1171.0000.42-03.00 Sheet 1

Page 37

Safety Instructions

Observing the safety instructions will help prevent personal injury or damage of any kind caused by dangerous situations. Therefore, carefully read through and adhere to the following safety instructions before putting the product into operation. It is also absolutely essential to observe the additional safety instructions on personal safety that appear in relevant parts of the product documentation. In these safety instructions, the word "product" refers to all merchandise sold and distributed by the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies, including instruments, systems and all accessories.

Tags and their meaning

DANGER

WARNING

CAUTION This tag indicates a hazard carrying a low risk of minor or moderate

ATTENTION

NOTE

These tags are in accordance with the standard definition for civil applications in the European Economic Area. Definitions that deviate from the standard definition may also exist in other economic areas or military applications. It is therefore essential to make sure that the tags described here are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product. The use of tags in connection with unrelated products or documentation can result in misinterpretation and thus contribute to personal injury or material damage.

This tag indicates a definite hazard carrying a high risk of death or serious injury if not avoided.

This tag indicates a possible hazard carrying a medium risk of death or (serious) injury if not avoided

injury if not avoided.

This tag indicates the possibility of incorrect use that can cause damage to the product.

This tag indicates a situation where the user should pay special attention to operating the product but which does not lead to damage.

Basic safety instructions

1. The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the manufacturer. Its ventilation must not be obstructed during operation. Unless otherwise specified, the following requirements apply to Rohde & Schwarz products: prescribed operating position is always with the housing floor facing down, IP protection 2X, pollution severity 2, overvoltage category 2, use only in enclosed spaces, max. operation altitude 2000 m above sea level, max. transport altitude 4500 m above sea level. Unless specified otherwise in the data sheet, a tolerance of ±10% shall apply to the nominal voltage and of ±5% to the nominal frequency.

2. Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work performed. The product may be opened only by authorized, specially trained personnel. Prior to performing any work on

the product or opening the product, the product must be disconnected from the supply network. Any adjustments, replacements of parts, maintenance or repair must be carried out only by technical personnel authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, PE conductor test, insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test).

3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction (allergens, e.g. nickel) such as aluminum cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties), consult a physician immediately to determine the cause.

1171.0000.42-03.00 Sheet 2

Page 38

Safety Instructions

4. If products/components are mechanically and/or thermically processed in a manner that goes beyond their intended use, hazardous substances (heavy-metal dust such as lead, beryllium, nickel) may be released. For this reason, the product may only be disassembled, e.g. for disposal purposes, by specially trained personnel. Improper disassembly may be hazardous to your health. National waste disposal regulations must be observed.

5. If handling the product yields hazardous substances or fuels that must be disposed of in a special way, e.g. coolants or engine oils that must be replenished regularly, the safety instructions of the manufacturer of the hazardous substances or fuels and the applicable regional waste disposal regulations must be observed. Also observe the relevant safety instructions in the product documentation.

6. Depending on the function, certain products such as RF radio equipment can produce an elevated level of electromagnetic radiation. Considering that unborn life requires increased protection, pregnant women should be protected by appropriate measures. Persons with pacemakers may also be endangered by electromagnetic radiation. The employer/operator is required to assess workplaces where there is a special risk of exposure to radiation and, if necessary, take measures to avert the danger.

7. Operating the products requires special training and intense concentration. Make certain that persons who use the products are physically, mentally and emotionally fit enough to handle operating the products; otherwise injuries or material damage may occur. It is the responsibility of the employer to select suitable personnel for operating the products.

8. Prior to switching on the product, it must be ensured that the nominal voltage setting on the product matches the nominal voltage of the AC supply network. If a different voltage is to be set, the power fuse of the product may have to be changed accordingly.

9. In the case of products of safety class I with movable power cord and connector, operation is permitted only on sockets with earthing contact and protective earth connection.

10. Intentionally breaking the protective earth connection either in the feed line or in the

product itself is not permitted. Doing so can result in the danger of an electric shock from the product. If extension cords or connector strips are implemented, they must be checked on a regular basis to ensure that they are safe to use.

11. If the product has no power switch for disconnection from the AC supply, the plug of the connecting cable is regarded as the disconnecting device. In such cases, it must be ensured that the power plug is easily reachable and accessible at all times (corresponding to the length of connecting cable, approx. 2 m). Functional or electronic switches are not suitable for providing disconnection from the AC supply. If products without power switches are integrated in racks or systems, a disconnecting device must be provided at the system level.

12. Never use the product if the power cable is damaged. Check the power cable on a regular basis to ensure that it is in proper operating condition. By taking appropriate safety measures and carefully laying the power cable, ensure that the cable cannot be damaged and that no one can be hurt by e.g. tripping over the cable or suffering an electric shock.

13. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fused with max. 16 A (higher fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies).

14. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the socket. Otherwise, this can result in sparks, fire and/or injuries.

15. Do not overload any sockets, extension cords or connector strips; doing so can cause fire or electric shocks.

16. For measurements in circuits with voltages V

> 30 V, suitable measures (e.g.

rms

appropriate measuring equipment, fusing, current limiting, electrical separation, insulation) should be taken to avoid any hazards.

17. Ensure that the connections with information technology equipment comply with IEC 950/EN 60950.

18. Unless expressly permitted, never remove the cover or any part of the housing while the product is in operation. Doing so will expose circuits and components and can lead to injuries, fire or damage to the product.

1171.0000.42-03.00 Sheet 3

Page 39

Safety Instructions

19. If a product is to be permanently installed, the connection between the PE terminal on site and the product's PE conductor must be made first before any other connection is made. The product may be installed and connected only by a license electrician.

20. For permanently installed equipment without built-in fuses, circuit breakers or similar protective devices, the supply circuit must be fused in such a way that suitable protection is provided for users and products.

21. Do not insert any objects into the openings in the housing that are not designed for this purpose. Never pour any liquids onto or into the housing. This can cause short circuits inside the product and/or electric shocks, fire or injuries.

22. Use suitable overvoltage protection to ensure that no overvoltage (such as that caused by a thunderstorm) can reach the product. Otherwise the operating personnel will be endangered by electric shocks.

23. Rohde & Schwarz products are not protected against penetration of water, unless otherwise specified (see also safety instruction 1.). If this is not taken into account, there exists the danger of electric shock for the user or damage to the product, which can also lead to personal injury.

24. Never use the product under conditions in which condensation has formed or can form in or on the product, e.g. if the product was moved from a cold to a warm environment.

25. Do not close any slots or openings on the product, since they are necessary for ventilation and prevent the product from overheating. Do not place the product on soft surfaces such as sofas or rugs or inside a closed housing, unless this is well ventilated.

26. Do not place the product on heatgenerating devices such as radiators or fan heaters. The temperature of the environment must not exceed the maximum temperature specified in the data sheet.

27. Batteries and storage batteries must not be exposed to high temperatures or fire. Keep batteries and storage batteries away from children. Do not short-circuit batteries and storage batteries. If batteries or storage batteries are improperly replaced, this can cause an explosion (warning: lithium cells). Replace

the battery or storage battery only with the matching Rohde & Schwarz type (see spare parts list). Batteries and storage batteries must be recycled and kept separate from residual waste. Batteries and storage batteries that contain lead, mercury or cadmium are hazardous waste. Observe the national regulations regarding waste disposal and recycling.

28. Please be aware that in the event of a fire, toxic substances (gases, liquids etc.) that may be hazardous to your health may escape from the product.

29. The product can be very heavy. Be careful when moving it to avoid back or other physical injuries.

30. Do not place the product on surfaces, vehicles, cabinets or tables that for reasons of weight or stability are unsuitable for this purpose. Always follow the manufacturer's installation instructions when installing the product and fastening it to objects or structures (e.g. walls and shelves).

31. Handles on the products are designed exclusively for personnel to hold or carry the product. It is therefore not permissible to use handles for fastening the product to or on means of transport such as cranes, fork lifts, wagons, etc. The user is responsible for securely fastening the products to or on the means of transport and for observing the safety regulations of the manufacturer of the means of transport. Noncompliance can result in personal injury or material damage.

32. If you use the product in a vehicle, it is the sole responsibility of the driver to drive the vehicle safely. Adequately secure the product in the vehicle to prevent injuries or other damage in the event of an accident. Never use the product in a moving vehicle if doing so could distract the driver of the vehicle. The driver is always responsible for the safety of the vehicle. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for accidents or collisions.

33. If a laser product (e.g. a CD/DVD drive) is integrated in a Rohde & Schwarz product, do not use any other settings or functions than those described in the product documentation. Otherwise this may be hazardous to your health, since the laser beam can cause irreversible damage to your eyes. Never try to take such products apart, and never look into the laser beam.

1171.0000.42-03.00 Sheet 4

Page 40

DIN EN ISO 9001 : 2000 DIN EN 9100 : 2003 DIN EN ISO 14001 : 1996

DQS REG. NO 001954 QM/ST UM

Certified Quality System

Sehr geehrter Kunde,

Sie haben sich für den Kauf eines Rohde & Schwarz-Produktes entschieden. Hiermit erhalten Sie ein nach modernsten Fertigungsmethoden hergestelltes Produkt. Es wurde nach den Regeln unseres Managementsystems entwickelt, gefertigt und geprüft. Das Rohde & Schwarz Managementsystem ist zertifiziert nach:

DIN EN ISO 9001:2000 DIN EN 9100:2003 DIN EN ISO 14001:1996

Dear Customer,

you have decided to buy a Rohde & Schwarz product. You are thus assured of receiving a product that is manufactured using the most modern methods available. This product was developed, manufactured and tested in compliance with our quality management system standards. The Rohde & Schwarz quality management system is certified according to:

DIN EN ISO 9001:2000 DIN EN 9100:2003 DIN EN ISO 14001:1996

Cher Client,

vous avez choisi d‘acheter un produit Rohde & Schwarz. Vous disposez donc d‘un produit fabriqué d‘après les méthodes les plus avancées. Le développement, la fabrication et les tests respectent nos normes de gestion qualité. Le système de gestion qualité de Rohde & Schwarz a été homologué conformément aux normes:

DIN EN ISO 9001:2000 DIN EN 9100:2003 DIN EN ISO 14001:1996

QUALITÄTSZERTIFIKAT CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY CERTIFICAT DE QUALITÉ

1171.0200.11-01.00

Page 41

EC Certificate of Conformity

Certificate No.: 2002-41

This is to certify that:

complies with the provisions of the Directive of the Council of the European Union on the approximation of the laws of the Member States

- relating to electrical equipment for use within defined voltage limits

- relating to electromagnetic compatibility

Conformity is proven by compliance with the following standards:

EN61010-1 : 2001 EN55011 : 1998 + A1 : 1999, Klasse B EN61326 : 1997 + A1 : 1998 + A2 : 2001 + A3 : 2003

For the assessment of electromagnetic compatibility, the limits of radio interference for Class B equipment as well as the immunity to interference for operation in industry have been used as a basis.

Affixing the EC conformity mark as from 2002

Munich, 2006-11-14 Central Quality Management MF-QZ / Radde

Equipment type

Stock No. Designation

FSH3 1145.5850.03/.13/.23 Handheld Spectrum Analyzer FSH6 1145.5850.06/.26 FSH18 1145.5850.18

FSH-Z1 1155.4505.02 Average Power Sensor FSH-Z2 1145.5767.02 VSWR Bridge and Power Driver FSH-Z3 1300.7756.02 VSWR Bridge FSH-Z14 1120.6001.02 Directional Power Sensor FSH-Z18 1165.1909.02 Average Power Sensor FSH-Z21 1300.7579.02 12V Car Adapter FSH-Z32 1145.5796.02 Spare Batterie Pack FSH-Z33 1145.5809.02 Spare Power Supply FSH-Z34 1145.5815.02 Optical RS232 Interface Cable FSH-Z37 1300.7733.02 Optical USB Interface Cable FSH-Z44 1165.2305.02 Directional Power Sensor

(73/23/EEC revised by 93/68/EEC)

(89/336/EEC revised by 91/263/EEC, 92/31/EEC, 93/68/EEC)

ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mühldorfstr. 15, D-81671 München

1145.5850.01 CE E-9

Page 42

Customer Support

Technical support – where and when you need it

For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde & Schwarz equipment.

Up-to-date information and upgrades

To keep your Rohde & Schwarz equipment always up-to-date, please subscribe to our electronic newsletter at

http://www.rohde-schwarz.com/www/response.nsf/newsletterpreselection

or request the desired information and upgrades via email from your Customer Support Center (addresses see below).

Feedback

We want to know if we are meeting your support needs. If you have any comments please email us and let us know CustomerSupport.Feedback@rohde-schwarz.com.

USA & Canada

East Asia

Rest of the World

Monday to Friday (except US public holidays) 8:00 AM – 8:00 PM Eastern Standard Time (EST)

Tel. from USA 888-test-rsa (888-837-8772) (opt 2) From outside USA +1 410 910 7800 (opt 2) Fax +1 410 910 7801

E-mail Customer.Support@rsa.rohde-schwarz.com

Monday to Friday (except Singaporean public holidays) 8:30 AM – 6:00 PM Singapore Time (SGT)

Tel. +65 6 513 0488 Fax +65 6 846 1090

E-mail Customersupport.asia@rohde-schwarz.com

Monday to Friday (except German public holidays) 08:00 – 17:00

Tel. from Europe +49 (0) 180 512 42 42 From outside Europe +49 89 4129 13776 Fax +49 (0) 89 41 29 637 78

Central European Time (CET)

1171.0200.29-01.00

E-mail CustomerSupport@rohde-schwarz.com

Page 43

Address List

Headquarters, Plants and Subsidiaries

Headquarters

ROHDE& SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Mühldorfstraße 15 · D-81671 München P.O.Box 80 14 69 · D-81614 München

Plants

ROHDE& SCHWARZ Messgerätebau GmbH Riedbachstraße 58 · D-87700 Memmingen P.O.Box 16 52 · D-87686 Memmingen

ROHDE& SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Werk Teisnach Kaikenrieder Straße 27 · D-94244 Teisnach P.O.Box 11 49 · D-94240 Teisnach

ROHDE& SCHWARZ závod Vimperk, s.r.o. Location Spidrova 49 CZ-38501 Vimperk

ROHDE& SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG Dienstleistungszentrum Köln Graf-Zeppelin-Straße 18 · D-51147 Köln P.O.Box 98 02 60 · D-51130 Köln

Subsidiaries

R&S BICK Mobilfunk GmbH Fritz-Hahne-Str. 7 · D-31848 Bad Münder P.O.Box 20 02 · D-31844 Bad Münder

ROHDE& SCHWARZ FTK GmbH Wendenschloßstraße 168, Haus 28 D-12557 Berlin

ROHDE& SCHWARZ SIT GmbH Am Studio 3 D-12489 Berlin

R&S Systems GmbH Graf-Zeppelin-Straße 18 D-51147 Köln

GEDIS GmbH Sophienblatt 100 D-24114 Kiel

HAMEG Instruments GmbH Industriestraße 6 D-63533 Mainhausen

Fax +49 (89) 41 29-121 64

info.rs@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (83 31) 1 08-0

info.rsmb@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (99 23) 8 50-0

info.rsdts@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +420 (388) 45 21 09

Fax +49 (22 03) 49 51-229

info.rsdc@rohde-schwarz.com

service.rsdc@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (50 42) 9 98-0

info.bick@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (30) 658 91-122

info.ftk@rohde-schwarz.com

info.sit@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (22 03) 49-5 23 25

Fax +49 (22 03) 49-5 23 36

info.rssys@rohde-schwarz.com

Phone +49 (431) 600 51-0

Phone +49 (89) 41 29-0

+49 (83 31) 1 08-1124

Fax +49 (99 23) 8 50-174

Fax +420 (388) 45 21 13

Phone +49 (22 03) 49-0

Fax +49 (50 42) 9 98-105

Fax +49 (30) 655 50-221

Phone +49 (30) 658 84-0

Fax +49 (30) 658 84-183

Fax +49 (431) 600 51-11

sales@gedis-online.de

Phone +49 (61 82) 800-0

Fax +49 (61 82) 800-100

info@hameg.de

Locations Worldwide

Please refer to our homepage: www.rohde-schwarz.com

◆ Sales Locations

◆ Service Locations

◆ National Websites

1171.0200.42-02.00

Page 44

R&S FSH Front view

1 Putting into Operation

Front view

RF input N connector

Connector for headphones

Softkey labels

Softkeys

Function keys

Alphanumeric keypad

External trigger /external reference input BNC connector

Connector for power sensor

Generator output N connector

Connector for AC power supply

Display

RS-232-C optical interface

Setup key

Status key

Rotary knob

On/off button

Entry keys

Unit keys

1145.5973.12 1.1 E-14

Preset key

Cursor keys

Page 45

Putting into Operation R&S FSH

Putting into Operation

The following section describes how to put the handheld spectrum analyzer into operation and how to connect external devices, e.g. printers.

Section 2 describes the operation of the spectrum analyzer using simple measurements as examples.

Unpacking the Instrument

The R&S FSH comes in formfitting packaging that consists of upper and lower shells. The two shells are held together by tape.

The packaging contains all accessories supplied.

 Undo the tape to unpack the analyzer.

Upper shell

RS-232-C

cable

Power supply

AC supply plug

(country-specific)

Headphones

CD-ROM

R&S

FSH

Quick Start

manual

Lower shell

 Remove the R&S FSH and the accessories.

 Remove the protective foil from the screen.

Note: Each R&S FSH comes with a unique master PIN. Keep the master PIN in a secure place

away from the R&S FSH. If someone enters an incorrect PIN three times in succession, the R&S FSH cannot be used again until the master PIN is entered.

1145.5973.12 1.2 E-14

Page 46

R&S FSH Putting into Operation

Setting up the Instrument

The Handheld Spectrum Analyzer R&S FSH has been designed for operation in labs as well as for onsite use for service and maintenance applications.

For any application, the R&S FSH can be set up to optimize ease of operation and the viewing angle of the display.

When used as a desktop instrument, the R&S FSH can either be laid flat or it can be propped up using the fold-out support at the back.

The R&S FSH can be laid flat for operation from above. Because the grip is slightly raised at the back, the R&S FSH is tilted forward to give the optimum viewing angle for the display.

For use as a desktop, fold out the support at the rear so that the instrument can easily be operated from the front and the display can be read easily (see Fig.).

For on-site installation and service measurements, it is best to hold the instrument with both hands. All the controls are easy to reach (e.g. with your thumbs). Use the R&S FSH-Z25 carrying bag so that you have both hands free to adjust the DUT. The R&S FSH can be placed in the hanger provided on the open bag for this purpose.

To secure the instrument in place, affix its carrying handle to the front of the carrying bag with the Velcro tape.

The carrying handle at the top of the R&S FSH can also be used to hang it from cabinet doors, for example. The shape of the grip ensures that the instrument does not fall off.

1145.5973.12 1.3 E-14

Page 47

Putting into Operation R&S FSH

ground (for example, via the RF connector). This does not apply to the new

Switching on the Spectrum Analyzer

The R&S FSH can be powered using either the included power supply unit or internal battery. When fully charged, the built-in nickel metal hydride battery provides an operating time of about four hours. On delivery, the battery in the R&S FSH may be flat. Therefore, it must be charged before the R&S FSH can be used. If the instrument is switched off, the charging time is four hours. When the adapter is used, the R&S FSH’s battery is charged simultaneously.

Insert the jack plug of the power supply unit into the POWER ADAPTER connector on the right-hand side of the carrying handle so that it locks into position. Then connect the power supply unit to an AC outlet. The voltage range of the power supply unit is 100 V to 240 V.

Caution!

In vehicles, the battery can be charged from the cigarette lighter socket using the R&S FSH-Z21 cable.

Caution!

Only the supplied power supply unit – the R&S FSH-Z33 – may be used to power the R&S FSH or charge the battery from the AC supply.

Prior to use, make sure that the AC supply voltage is compatible with the voltage specified on the power supply unit. Before inserting the power supply unit into the AC power outlet, attach the appropriate adapter.

It is strictly forbidden to operate the R&S FSH via the cigarette lighter socket while the vehicle is in motion or the engine is running. In these cases, the R&S FSH must be off.

While the battery of the R&S FSH is being charged via the R&S FSH-Z21 adapter with the stock number 1145.5873.02, the adapter must not be connected to the vehicle’s

R&S FSH-Z21 adapter with the stock number 1300.7579.02.

To switch on the R&S FSH, press the yellow button

To indicate that it is connected to the AC supply, the R&S FSH displays a connector symbol in the middle of the display above the softkey labels.

When the R&S FSH is switched on, it recalls the settings that it was using when it was last switched off.

Note: If the internal battery is completely flat, the R&S FSH cannot be switched on even though it

is connected to the AC supply via the power supply unit. In this case, the internal battery must be charged for a while with the instrument switched off. Only then can the instrument be switched on.

at the bottom left of the front panel.

1145.5973.12 1.4 E-14

Page 48

R&S FSH Putting into Operation

Spectrum Analyzer Connectors

The R&S FSH has the following connectors:

RF input

Connect the RF input via a cable with an N connector to the DUT. Make sure that it is not overloaded.

The maximum permissible continuous power at the RF input is 20 dBm (100 mW). It can be loaded with up to 30 dBm (1 W) for a maximum of three minutes. If the instrument is loaded with 1 W for longer, it heats up to such an extent that it may be destroyed.

Caution!

Input for external trigger or external reference (EXT TRIG/EXT REF)

Via the EXT TRIG/EXT REF BNC connector, either an external trigger signal is applied to start a measurement, or a 10 MHz reference signal is applied for frequency synchronization. The trigger threshold is similar to that of TTL signals. The level for the reference signal must be greater than 10 dBm. Switchover between external trigger input and reference input is via the SETUP key.

DC connector for external power supply (on the right-hand side of the carrying handle). The DC connector is used to supply the R&S FSH with power from the AC/DC adapter and to charge the R&S FSH internal battery. The input voltage for the instrument must be between 15 V and 20 V. Power consumption is approx. 7 W.

The RF input is AC-coupled. However, the DC input voltage must never exceed the value specified on the housing; otherwise the coupling capacitor at the input may be destroyed and, thus, the input attenuator or mixer as well. The RF input is protected from static discharges and voltage pulses by a combination of limiting circuits and high-voltage arresters.

The battery can also be charged from a cigarette lighter socket in a vehicle. The adapter is available as an R&S FSH accessory (R&S FSH-Z21, order no. 1145.5873.02).

Caution!

Headphones connector (n the left-hand side of the carrying handle) A 3.5 mm jack is provided for headphones. The internal impedance of the connector is approx. 10 E.

While the battery of the R&S FSH is being charged via the 12 V Car Adapter R&S FSH-Z21, the car adapter must not be connected to the vehicle's ground (for example, via the R&S FSH's RF connector or the power sensor) under any circumstances.

1145.5973.12 1.5 E-14

Page 49

Putting into Operation R&S FSH

RS-232-C optical interface (on the right-hand side of the R&S FSH; can be accessed by folding out the stand) The RS-232-C optical interface is for connecting a printer or PC. The R&S FSH-Z34 RS-232-C optical cable or the FSH-Z37 USB optical cable R&S is used to make the connection. Starting with the R&S FSH serial numbers listed below, the R&S FSH-Z37 USB optical cable will replace the R&S FSH-Z34:

Model Ser. No.

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.03) 103001

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.13) 103501

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.23) 102501

R&S FSH 6 (1145.5850.06) 101001

R&S FSH 6 (1145.5850.26) 101501

R&S FSH 18 (1145.5850.18) all

If you use the R&S FSH-Z37 USB optical cable, you need to install a software driver on your PC. The CD-ROM, which is supplied with the R&S FSH, includes both the driver and the installation instruction.

Important: If a computer with an Intel a USB connecting cable without the labeling Rev. II is used, a connection with the R&S FSH cannot be set up as long as the Hyper Threading function is active. To use the USB cable, you must first disable the HT function. You can do this as follows: Go to START, select Run… and then enter msconfig under Open. Then select the BOOT.INI tab and enter /NUMPROC=1 under expanded functions.

The R&S FSH is now supplied with a new Rev. II-labeled USB cable starting from the serial numbers listed below. This adapter cable contains a USB chip-set of the latest generation and does not require the deactivation of the hyper threading function as described above. The Rev. II cable must always be used for computers with Intel



Model Ser. No.

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.03) 104374

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.13) 103864

R&S FSH 3 (1145.5850.23) 103927

R&S FSH 6 (1145.5850.06) 101738

R&S FSH 6 (1145.5850.26) 102595

R&S FSH 18 (1145.5850.18) all



processor with HT technology and MicrosoftWindows XP and

Dual Core processors.

The optical connection prevents spurious measurements due to interference from these devices.

Use the Serial/Parallel Converter R&S FSH-Z22 for printers with a parallel interface. Printers with a USB interface cannot be connected directly to the R&S FSH.

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Page 50

R&S FSH Putting into Operation

Connector for power sensor

The connector has been especially configured for Rohde & Schwarz power sensors. The connector is used to power the sensor and to transfer data via the power sensor’s interface. If the R&S FSH-Z2 (VSWR bridge and power divider) is used, it is controlled by the connector.

Tracking generator output (models 1145.5850.13, 1145.5850.23 and 1145.5850.26 only)

Connect the tracking generator output to the DUT via an N connector. The nominal output level is

-20 dBm (100 LW). With the R&S FSH3 model 1145.5850.23, the level can be switched between

-20 dBm and 0 dBm (1 mW). Up to 3 GHz, the R&S FSH6 model 1145.5850.26 supplies an output level of -10 dBm; above 3 GHz, the level is -20 dBm. Starting with serial number 100500, the output level of the R&S FSH6, model 1145.5850.26, can be reduced in 1 dB steps by maximally 20 dB by means of a step attenuator.

Caution!

The output is AC-coupled and a voltage that does not exceed the voltage stated on the housing can be fed into the output; if this voltage is exceeded, the output may be destroyed.

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Page 51

Putting into Operation R&S FSH

Using the rotary knob, adjust the contrast until

Screen Settings

The R&S FSH’s screen is a transflective, passive color LCD. Indoors, its brightness depends on the intensity of the backlighting. If light irradiation is strong, the ambient light supports readability. The viewing angle can be optimized by adjusting the contrast. To achieve maximum contrast, the screen can be switched from color display to black-and-white display.

To strike a balance between battery operating time and screen display quality, set backlighting to the minimum brightness needed.

Setting brightness

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the DISPLAY softkey.

The submenu with the contrast, lighting and color settings opens.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select LIGHT...

and confirm by pressing the DISPLAY softkey or the ENTER key again.

The BACKLIGHT submenu for the lighting level opens. The level can be set to HIGH, NORMAL and LOW.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

setting you want and confirm by pressing the DISPLAY softkey or the ENTER key.

Setting the contrast

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the DISPLAY softkey.

The submenu with the contrast, lighting and color settings opens.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select

CONTRAST... and confirm by pressing the DISPLAY softkey or the ENTER key again.

The contrast value entry box opens.



screen legibility is optimal.

When setting the contrast, view the display at the same angle that will be used for the application.

 Confirm the entry with the ENTER key or by

pressing the DISPLAY softkey again.

The R&S FSH displays the setting in the Display Contrast line in the overview of the setup settings.

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Page 52

R&S FSH Putting into Operation

Setting the screen color

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the DISPLAY softkey.

The submenu with the contrast, lighting and color settings opens.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select TYPE...

and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the DISPLAY softkey again.

 In the submenu that opens, select COLOR or

BLACK/WHITE.

 Confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the

DISPLAY softkey again.

The R&S FSH switches to the selected color settings.

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Page 53

Putting into Operation R&S FSH

Country-Specific Settings

The R&S FSH is “multilingual” and can display text in the language of your choice. The softkey lettering is always in English. The default setting (factory-setting) is also English.

Selection

 Press the SETUP key.

The R&S FSH displays all default settings. The last two lines indicate the current language and the date format.

 Press the LOCAL SETTINGS softkey.

A submenu with the LANGUAGE..., DATE FORMAT... and UNIT OF LENGTH... entries opens. This menu allows the entry of a country-specific language, date format or the unit of length used by the R&S FSH.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

LANGUAGE... you want from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the LOCAL SETTINGS softkey again.

The languages available are displayed in a submenu. The selected language is highlighted in red.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

language you want.

The originally selected language is highlighted in green. The red bar indicates the new selection.

 Confirm the new selection with the ENTER key or by

pressing the LOCAL SETTINGS softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select DATE FORMAT... from the menu and confirm with the

ENTER key or by pressing the LOCAL SETTINGS softkey again.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the date format (dd/mm/yyyy or mm/dd/yyyy) and

confirm with the ENTER key.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select UNIT OF LENGTH... from the menu and confirm with the

ENTER key or by pressing the LOCAL SETTINGS softkey again.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the required unit of length (METER or FEET) and

confirm with the ENTER key.

Note: The unit of length is relevant only with distance-to-fault cable measurements in order to

display the fault distance from the measurement plane.

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Page 54

R&S FSH Putting into Operation

Setting the Date and Time

The R&S FSH has an internal clock that can apply a date and time stamp, e.g. for output to a printer or stored data records. The user can reset the date and time.

Setting the date

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select DATE...

from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key.

The value entry box above the row of softkey labels is highlighted in red and displays the currently set date in the selected format (dd/mm/yyyy or mm/dd/yyyy). The active value entry field is highlighted in white.

 Depending on the date format, change the day (dd)

or month (mm) by using the rotary knob, cursor keys or a numeric entry and confirm with the ENTER key.

After the entry, the cursor automatically moves to the second field in the date (day or month, depending on the date format). Proceed with the next two fields as with the first.

After the last data block has been entered, the R&S FSH verifies the validity of the entered date. If the date is not valid, the R&S FSH sets the next valid date.

Setting the time

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select TIME...

from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key.

The value entry box above the row of softkey labels is highlighted in red and displays the currently set time in hours:minutes format. The hours display is highlighted in white to enter a new value.

 Change the hours with the rotary knob, cursor keys

or numeric entry and confirm with the ENTER key.

After entry, the cursor automatically goes to the minutes display. The entry is the same as for the hours display.

After the minutes have been entered, the R&S FSH verifies the validity of the entered time. If the time is not valid, the R&S FSH sets the next valid time.

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Page 55

Charging the Battery R&S FSH

Charging the Battery

The R&S FSH is fitted with a nickel metal hydride battery. The operating time is approx. four hours at room temperature if the battery is fully charged.

Note: The battery in the R&S FSH is not charged when it leaves the factory. It must therefore be

charged after delivery.

When stored over an extended period, self-discharging reduces the battery charge. The battery should therefore be charged before use if it is going to be the sole power source for a long period of operation.

The charging status of the battery is displayed by a symbol that looks like a battery in the middle of the screen above the row of softkey labels. If the battery is fully charged, the entire battery symbol is white. As the battery discharges, the white coloring disappears in five steps until just the battery outline indicates that the battery is flat.

The battery is charged via the included power supply unit, which is connected to the jack on the righthand side of the carrying handle.

If required, equip the power supply unit with the country-specific plug. Remove the plug from the power supply unit toward the front and firmly connect the appropriate plug to the power supply unit.

Battery charge-level symbol

DC power jack

Power supply

AC supply plug

For rapid charging, be sure to switch off the R&S FSH during charging. The charging time is approx. seven hours. After four hours, the battery will be approx. 80 % charged.

If the R&S FSH is switched on, the charging current for the battery is reduced by the current drain of the R&S FSH, which means the battery might not be charged.

To prevent the battery from discharging unnecessarily, the R&S FSH has an automatic cut-off or auto power down mode that is activated if no entry is made for a definable period of time (5 minutes or 30 minutes).

The auto power down mode is deactivated in the default setting.

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Page 56

R&S FSH Selecting the Instrument Default Setup

The auto power down mode is set as follows:

 Press the GENERAL key.

The R&S FSH opens the submenu with the general settings. The cursor is positioned to POWER DOWN in the menu.

 Confirm the POWER DOWN selection by pressing

the ENTER key.

The R&S FSH opens a selection window with the settings:

5 minutes, 30 minutes and DISABLE.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

setting you want and confirm by pressing the ENTER key or the GENERAL softkey.

Selecting the Instrument Default Setup

The PRESET key sets the R&S FSH to the default setup. This allows a new configuration based on defined measurement parameters to be entered, without parameters from a previous setting unintentionally still being active.

 Press the PRESET key.

The R&S FSH is set to the default setup. The span depends on the model. With the R&S FSH3, it is 3 GHz; with the R&S FSH6, 6 GHz and with the R&S FSH18, 18 GHz..

If certain parameters are always to deviate from the default setup for a specific application, it is also possible to select a user-defined default setup, which is then automatically set with the PRESET key. This is useful, for example, if the measurement is always made with a 75  matching pad. When the PRESET key is pressed, the R&S FSH always selects 75  as the input impedance for the userspecific default setup. The user-defined default setup is generated by manually entering the desired parameters and saving the setting as a data set. This data set can subsequently be declared the preset settings with the aid of the R&S FSH View software.

The data set designated as the preset settings becomes the default setup of the R&S FSH as follows:

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Select PRESET SETTINGS from the menu using

the cursor keys or the rotary knob.

 Confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the

GENERAL softkey.

The submenu for selecting the default setup opens. Either DEFAULT or CUSTOM can be selected.

 Select CUSTOM from the menu using the cursor

keys or the rotary knob.

 Confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the

GENERAL softkey.

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Page 57

External Reference / External Trigger Switchover R&S FSH

The parameters defined in the data set for the default setup are now used as the preset settings. If no user-specific default setup is defined, CUSTOM is inactive and cannot be selected. The data set defined as the user default setup can be viewed using the R&S FSH's recall function.

 Press the SAVE/PRINT key.

 Press the RECALL softkey.

All stored data sets are displayed. The status of the data set is indicated in the status field:

P: Preset setting

: Data set disabled

Data set overwritable

Data set not overwritable or deletable

User-defined default setup

Status field

If no data sets are stored in the R&S FSH, the message "No datasets available" is output instead of the list of data sets.

External Reference / External Trigger Switchover

The Ext Trig/Ext Ref BNC connector on top of the R&S FSH can be used either as an input for an external trigger or an external reference. Switchover is via the SETUP menu.

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the HARDWARE SETUP softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the

menu item and confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the BNC I/O MODE softkey.

The active input setting (EXT TRIG or EXT REF) is highlighted in green.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select EXT

REF IN or EXT TRIG IN.

 Confirm with the ENTER key or the HARDWARE

SETUP softkey.

The EXT TRIG IN setting is only for input configuration. The use of the external trigger must be set in the SWEEP menu (SWEEP key, TRIGGER softkey).

The input setting can be queried via the status display (press the STATUS key).

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Page 58

R&S FSH Controlling the RF Attenuator

Controlling the RF Attenuator

Depending on the selected reference level, the R&S FSH sets the attenuator on the RF input to a suitable value. It offers two modes: one for the highest possible sensitivity (LOW NOISE) and one for the lowest possible intermodulation products (LOW DISTORTION). The difference between the two modes is that the attenuation that the R&S FSH sets for the RF attenuator is 10 dB higher for LOW DISTORTION than for LOW NOISE.

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the HARDWARE SETUP softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select

DYNAMIC RANGE... from the menu.

 Confirm with the ENTER key or the HARDWARE SETUP softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select LOW NOISE or LOW DISTORTION.

Confirm with the ENTER key or the HARDWARE SETUP softkey.

Using a Preamplifier

(Only models 1145.5850.03, 1145.5850.23, 1145.5850.06 and 1145.5850.26.)

The R&S FSH models 1145.5850.03, 1145.5850.23, 1145.5850.06 and 1145.5850.26 come with an internal preamplifier for increasing sensitivity. Depending on the frequency, this amplifier has 15 dB to 18 dB gain and increases sensitivity by 10 to 15 dB. It is fitted behind the RF attenuator and in front of the input mixer.

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the HARDWARE SETUP softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select

PREAMP... .

 Confirm with the ENTER key or the HARDWARE

SETUP softkey.

The R&S FSH changes to the submenu for preamplifier configuration. The selection bar indicates the active setting.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

setting you want (ON or OFF) and confirm by pressing the ENTER key.

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Page 59

Using a Preamplifier R&S FSH

If the preamplifier is switched on, its use is coupled to the reference level, thus ensuring the optimum dynamic range of the R&S FSH at all times. The table below shows the positions of the RF attenuator and the preamplifier as a function of the reference level.

Preamplifier

Reference level

Low Noise Low Distortion Low Noise Low Distortion

-25 dBm

-24 dBm to -20 dBm 0 dB 0 dB 10 dB 10 dB On

-19 dBm to -15 dBm 0 dB 10 dB 10 dB 10 dB On

-14 dBm to -10 dBm 0 dB 10 dB 0 dB 10 dB Off

-9 dBm to 0 dBm 10 dB 20 dB 10 dB 20 dB Off

1 dBm to 10 dBm 20 dB 30 dB 20 dB 30 dB Off

11 dBm to 20 dBm 30 dB 30 dB 30 dB 30 dB Off

0 dB 0 dB 0 dB 0 dB On

OFF

RF attenuation RF attenuation Preamplifier

The attenuator position can be queried at any time via the status display.

Preamplifier

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Page 60

R&S FSH PIN Entry

Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select

PIN Entry

To prevent unauthorized use, the R&S FSH can be protected with a personal identification number (PIN).

When the R&S FSH is delivered, the PIN is set to 0000 and PIN entry is disabled when the R&S FSH is switched on. A PIN, i.e. a four-digit number, can be re-entered whenever you wish. But it is not activated until the PIN mode has been enabled.

A new PIN is entered as follows:

 Press the SETUP key to call up the SETUP menu

and the instrument settings.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

PINCODE... from the menu and press the ENTER key. The selection box with the PIN settings is opened.

The current PIN must be entered before it can be modified. This prevents unauthorized PIN modification.

 Enter your valid PIN.

When the R&S FSH is delivered, the valid PIN is 0000.

After you enter your valid PIN, the PIN functions can be selected from the selection box. When the R&S FSH is delivered, a new PIN can be activated only if it differs from the factory-set PIN.

Note: Before you activate the PIN mode, enter a user-defined PIN. Keep your PIN in a secure

place away from the R&S FSH. If the active PIN is not available, the instrument can be reset to the default PIN ('0000') with the master PIN supplied with each instrument. If the master PIN is not available, please contact an authorized Rohde & Schwarz service center.

Entering a new PIN

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select New Pincode... from the menu in the selection box and

enter a new four-digit PIN. Confirm with ENTER.

The R&S FSH will prompt you to re-enter the PIN in order to prevent incorrect entries.

 Re-enter the PIN.

Activating the PIN mode

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select PINCODE ON from the menu and press the ENTER key.

The R&S FSH now prompts you to enter the PIN prior to its activation.

 Enter the PIN and confirm with the ENTER key.

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Page 61

PIN Entry R&S FSH

The selected PIN is now activated. The next time you switch on the R&S FSH, you must enter the PIN before you can operate the instrument. If you enter an incorrect PIN , the R&S FSH again prompts you for the PIN code. After three attempts with an incorrect PIN, the R&S FSH prompts you for the master PIN.

Note: The R&S FSH comes with labels reading ‘PIN Code protected’. If the instrument is

protected with a PIN, affix one of these labels to the instrument. This warns unauthorized users that they cannot operate the R&S FSH.

Deactivating PIN protection

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select PINCODE OFF from the menu and press the ENTER

key.

Prior to deactivation, the R&S FSH prompts you to enter your PIN. This prevents unauthorized deactivation of PIN protection.

 Enter your PIN number and confirm with the ENTER key.

The R&S FSH can now be operated without PIN protection.

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Page 62

R&S FSH Connecting Printers

Connecting Printers

The R&S FSH can output a screenshot to a printer equipped with an RS-232-C interface. The Serial/Parallel Converter R&S FSH-Z22 is available as an accessory for printers with a parallel interface.

A printer with an RS-232-C interface can be directly connected using the R&S FSH-Z34 RS-232-C optical cable.

 Fold out the stand at the rear of the

R&S FSH.

 Connect the optical connector of the

R&S FSH-Z34 RS-232-C cable to the

RS-232-C cable

9-pin connector

optical interface on the right-hand side of the R&S FSH.

 Connect the 9-pin D-Sub connector of

the cable to the RS-232-C input of the printer.

Optical RS-232-C interface

Connect printers with a parallel interface to the R&S FSH using the Serial/Parallel Converter R&S FSHZ22, thus freeing up the Centronics parallel interface to connect a printer. The R&S FSH-Z22 is powered by a 9 V alkaline battery (NEDA, IEC6LR61).

 Fold out the stand at the rear of the

R&S FSH.

 Connect the optical connector of the

R&S FSH-Z22 to the optical interface on the right-hand side of the R&S FSH.

Optical RS-232-C interface

 Connect the printer cable to the 25-

pin interface of the R&S FSH-Z22.

 Switch on the serial/parallel converter

using the slide switch on its top.

R&S FSH-Z22

Slide switch positions:

OFF The R&S FSH-Z22 is off.

ON The R&S FSH-Z22 is on, and

the Battery OK LED flashes.

AUTO OFF The R&S FSH-Z22 is on, and

the Battery OK LED flashes. If data transmission is interrupted for more than 5 minutes, the R&S FSH-Z22 is switched off automatically.

While data is being transmitted to the printer, the "Busy" LED remains lit.

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Page 63

Connecting Printers R&S FSH

Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select

baud rates

Note: The R&S FSH-Z22 is designed for a data transmission rate of max. 38 400 baud (= default

setting). Therefore, set the baud rate (PRINTER BAUD RATE) in the SETUP menu to 38 400 baud. The baud rates 9600 baud and 19 200 baud can also be set on the R&S FSH-Z22 by opening its housing.

Selecting a printer

 Press the SETUP key on the R&S FSH.

The R&S FSH displays the selected printer and its baud rate in the setup settings.

To select another printer, proceed as follows:

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select

PRINTER TYPE... from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the GENERAL softkey again.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

printer you want and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the GENERAL softkey again.

The R&S FSH displays the selected printer under "Printer Type".

Next, set the baud rate for the selected printer.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.



PRINTER BAUD... from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key.

The selection box for the available (1200 baud to 115 200 baud) opens.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

baud rate you want and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the GENERAL softkey a second time.

The R&S FSH displays the selected baud rate under "RS232 Baudrate" in the setup display.

Note: If the serial/parallel converter (R&S FSH-Z22) is used to control a printer with a parallel

The contents of the setup display can be output to the printer by pressing the SETUP -> PRINTER softkey.

1145.5973.12 1.20 E-14

interface, set the RS-232-C interface to 38 400 baud.

Page 64

R&S FSH Setting the Baud Rate for Remote Control

Setting the Baud Rate for Remote Control

The R&S FSH offers different baud rates for remote control. The desired baud rate is set via the setup menu.

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Use the rotary knob or the cursor keys to select

SERIAL BAUD... from the menu and confirm the selection with the ENTER key.

The selection box for the available baud rates (9600 baud to 115200 baud) opens.

 Use the rotary knob or the cursor keys to select the

baud rate you want and confirm the entry with the ENTER key or by pressing the GENERAL softkey again.

The R&S FSH displays the selected baud rate under SERIAL BAUDRATE in the setup display.

Enabling Options

The R&S FSH can be fitted with options (e.g. distance-to-fault measurements on cables) which are enabled by entering a key code. The key code is based on the unique serial number of the instrument. To add an option, enable it with a key code.

Operation

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL key.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select OPTIONS... from the menu and confirm with the ENTER

key.

Enter the key code (ten-digit number) for the option with the numeric keys and confirm with the ENTER key.

If the correct key code is entered, the R&S FSH displays "<....> Option enabled".

If an invalid key code is entered, the R&S FSH displays "Option key error". The correct key code can then be entered.

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Page 65

Checking the Installed Options R&S FSH

Checking the Installed Options

The R&S FSH displays the installed options in the Setup menu so you can check them:

 Press the SETUP key.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, scroll the

status display downwards.

The R&S FSH displays all available options together with their current status.

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Page 66

R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

2 Getting Started

This section explains the basic operation of the Handheld Spectrum Analyzer R&S FSH using some simple measurements as examples. A more detailed description of operation and functions, such as selecting menus and setting measurement parameters, is provided in section 3 of this manual.

Measurements on CW Signals

A basic task performed by spectrum analyzers is measuring the level and frequency of sinewave signals. The following examples illustrate the most effective way of performing these measurements with the R&S FSH.

A signal generator is used as a signal source, e.g. the Signal Generator R&S SML.

Measurement setup:

Connect the RF output of the signal generator to the RF input of the R&S FSH. Signal generator settings:

Frequency 100 MHz Level -30 dBm

Level measurement

First, set the R&S FSH to its default settings to show all the operating steps that are required.

 Press the PRESET key.

The analyzer displays the frequency spectrum from 100 kHz to 3 GHz or 100 kHz to 6 GHz (dependent on the model) – the R&S FSH’s maximum frequency span. At 100 MHz, the generator signal is displayed as a vertical line. Generator harmonics can also be seen as lines at frequencies that are multiples of 100 MHz.

To analyze the generator signal at 100 MHz in more detail, reduce the frequency span. Set the R&S FSH’s center frequency to 100 MHz and reduce the span to 10 MHz.

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Page 67

Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

 Press the FREQ key.

 Enter “100” using the numeric keypad and confirm

the entry with the MHz key.

 Press the SPAN key.

 Enter “10” using the numeric keypad and confirm the

entry with the MHz key.

The R&S FSH now displays the generator signal with a higher resolution.

The R&S FSH has markers for reading off signal levels and frequencies. Markers are always positioned on the trace. Both the level and frequency at their current positions are displayed on the screen.

 Press the marker key.

The marker is activated and is automatically positioned on the trace maximum. A vertical line on the measurement diagram indicates the marker frequency. A short horizontal line on the trace indicates the level.

The R&S FSH displays the marker frequency and level numerically at the top of the measurement diagram.

Setting the Reference Level

The level shown by spectrum analyzers at the top of the measurement diagram is called the reference level (REF LEVEL). To obtain the best dynamic range from a spectrum analyzer, its full level range should be used. This means that the maximum spectrum level should be at or close to the top of the measurement diagram (= reference level).

The reference level is the maximum level on the level axis (y axis).

Reduce the reference level by 10 dB to increase the dynamic range.

 Press the AMPT key.

The softkeys for the AMPT menu are displayed and the REF LEVEL softkey label is highlighted in red, i.e. it is enabled for value entry. The red value entry box at the bottom right-hand corner of the measurement diagram displays the current reference level.

 Enter “30” using the numeric keypad and confirm the entry with the dBm key.

The reference level is now set to –30 dBm. The maximum trace value is close to the maximum scale value of the measurement diagram. The increase in the displayed noise floor is minimal. The difference between the signal maximum and the displayed noise (i.e. the dynamic range ) has, however, been increased.

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Page 68

R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Using markers is also an effective way to shift the trace maximum so that it coincides with the top of the measurement diagram. If the marker is positioned on the trace maximum (as in the example), the reference level can be set to the marker level by entering the following keystrokes:

 Press the MARKER key.

 Press the SET MARKER softkey.

 Select REF LVL = MRK LVL in the submenu by using the rotary knob or the cursor keys.

 Press the ENTER key.

The reference level is then set to the measured level indicated by the marker. Only a few keystrokes are needed to set the optimal reference level.

Frequency Measurements

The R&S FSH’s trace displays 301 measurement points (associated with 301 frequency or time points along the x axis). The marker is always positioned on one of these measurement points. The R&S FSH calculates the marker frequency from the measurement-point frequency, and the center frequency and frequency span that have been set. The measurement point resolution and, consequently, the accuracy of the marker-frequency readout therefore depend on the frequency span that has been selected.

The R&S FSH has a frequency counter to increase the accuracy of the marker frequency readout, It stops the sweep at the marker position, counts the frequency and then continues the sweep.

The following measurement example is based on the previous example.

 Press the MARKER MODE softkey in the marker

menu.

The marker mode selection box opens.

 Select FREQ COUNT from the selection box using

the rotary knob or the cursor keys.

 Press the ENTER key.

The label 'M:' at the upper left-hand corner of the measurement diagram changes to 'Ct:' to tell you that the frequency counter has been switched on. The resolution of the frequency readout is now 1 Hz no matter what span has been set. The accuracy is determined by the R&S FSH’s internal reference frequency. It is far higher than that of pixel-oriented, marker-frequency readout.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

Harmonic Measurements of a Sinewave Signal

Since a spectrum analyzer can resolve different signals in the frequency domain, it is ideal for measuring harmonic levels or harmonic ratios. To speed up these operations, the R&S FSH has marker functions that deliver fast results with only a few keystrokes.

As above, a signal generator with a 100 MHz output frequency and an output level of –20 dBm is used in the following measurement example.

First, the R&S FSH is set to its default settings to show all measurement steps that are needed.

 Press the PRESET key.

The analyzer displays the frequency spectrum from 100 kHz to 3 GHz, the largest available span. At 100 MHz, the generator signal is displayed as a line. The generator harmonics are displayed as lines at frequencies that are multiples of 100 MHz.

To measure the second harmonic ratio, set the start and stop frequency as follows:

 Press the FREQ key.

The softkey menu opens entering the frequency.

 Press the START softkey.

 Enter '50' using the numeric keypad and confirm the entry with the MHz key.

 Press the STOP softkey.

 Enter '250' using the numeric keypad and confirm the entry with the MHz key.

The R&S FSH now displays the spectrum from 50 MHz to 250 MHz and thus the signal at 100 MHz and its second harmonic at 200 MHz.

To measure the harmonic ratio, set the marker on the fundamental and the delta marker on the second harmonic.

 Press the MARKER key.

The softkey menu opens for marker entry and automatically positions the main marker on the trace maximum.

 Press the DELTA softkey.

The delta marker is activated (vertical dotted line) and is automatically placed on the next trace maximum (= second harmonic).

The harmonic ratio in dB can be read directly from the numeric delta-marker display.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Power Measurements Using the Power Sensor

For highly accurate power measurements, the R&S FSH provides the Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z1 or R&S FSH-Z18 as options. They measure power in the span 10 MHz to 8 GHz or 10 MHz to 18 GHz, respectively.

The Power Sensor R&S FSH-Z1 or R&S FSH-Z18 is controlled and powered via a special RS-232-C interface at the top of the instrument.

Power Sensor

connector

Power Sensor

R&S FSH-Z1 or

R&S FSH-Z18

RF connector

(Device under Test)

The continuous power applied to the power sensor’s input must not exceed 400 mW



(26 dBm). However, brief (

10 $s) power peaks up to 1 W (30 dBm) are permissible. Higher input powers can destroy the sensor. An attenuator pad must be used to ensure that the maximum permissible power for the sensor is never exceeded when measurements are made on high-power transmitters.

 Connect the power sensor cable to the R&S FSH’s power sensor connector and screw it into

position.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

 Using the cursor keys or the rotary knob, select the POWER SENSOR menu item and confirm your

selection with the ENTER key or the MEASURE softkey.

The R&S FSH opens the screen for power measurements. If a power sensor has not been connected, no measured value is displayed. If a power sensor has been connected, the R&S FSH sets up a connection via the RS-232-C interface and, after a few seconds, displays the measured power.

If there are any communication problems with the power sensor, the R&S FSH outputs error messages (sensor error: error number) indicating the possible causes (see main manual).

To compensate for internal offset of the power meter, it needs to be compensated before starting the measurement.

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 Press the ZERO softkey.

The R&S FSH outputs a message telling you not to apply any signals to the power meter while zeroing is being performed.

 Disconnect the power sensor from any signal

sources.

 Start zeroing with the first or second softkey

(CONTINUE).

The R&S FSH immediately starts power meter zeroing. While this process is being performed, the R&S FSH outputs the message “Zeroing power sensor, please wait..”.

When zeroing is over, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Power Sensor Zero OK" and switches back to the softkey menu for the power sensor.

 Connect the signal under test.

The R&S FSH shows the measured power level in dBm.

For a highly accurate measurement, enter the frequency of the signal under test.

 Press the FREQ softkey.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the frequency you

want and confirm the entry with the ENTER key or by pressing the FREQ softkey again.

The R&S FSH transfers the new frequency to the power sensor which then corrects the measured power readings.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Power and Return Loss Measurements with the R&S FSH-Z14 or the R&S FSH-Z44

The Directional Power Sensors R&S FSH-Z14 and R&S FSH-Z44 are connected between the source and the load and measure the power flux in both directions, i.e. from the source to the load (forward power) and from the load to the source (reverse power). The ratio between reverse power and forward power is a measure of the load matching and is displayed as the return loss or standing wave ratio.

The R&S FSH-Z14 and the R&S FSH-Z44 have an asymmetrical design and must therefore be inserted into the test setup in such a way that the FORWARD arrow on the sensor points toward the load (= in the direction of the power flux). They are driven and powered via a special serial interface.

The cable on the power sensor must be connected and screw-fastened to the power sensor connector on the R&S FSH. The directional power sensor itself has to be inserted between the source and the load.

Directional Power Sensor

R&S FSH-Z14 / R&S FSH-Z44

Source

Load

When measuring high powers, pay strict attention to the following instructions to avoid personal injury and to prevent the power sensor from being destroyed:

• Never exceed the permissible continuous power (see diagram on the rear of the

sensor).

• Connect the sensor only when the RF power is off.

• The RF connectors must be screwed tight.

Failure to follow these rules can lead to injuries such as skin burns or cause the destruction of the measurement instruments in use.

Operation:

 Press the MEAS key.

Power sensor connector

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

The R&S FSH opens the menu for the measurement functions.

Using the cursor keys or the rotary knob, select POWER SENSOR and confirm with the ENTER key or by pressing the MEASURE softkey.

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FSH informs you not to apply any signals

The R&S FSH opens the screen and the menu for the power measurement. If no power sensor is connected, no measured value is displayed. If a power sensor is connected, the R&S FSH establishes a connection to the power sensor via the interface and, after a few seconds, displays the connected power sensor type (R&S FSH-Z14 or R&S FSH-Z44) as well as the measured forward power and return loss of the load.

Before performing the power measurement, zero the power sensor.

 Press the ZERO softkey.

The R&S while the power sensor is being zeroed.

 Disconnect the power sensor from any signal

sources.

 Start zeroing with the first or second softkey

(CONTINUE).

Softkey 4 or 5 (CANCEL) can be used to cancel zeroing before it begins, e.g. if the signal source cannot be disconnected.

The R&S FSH immediately starts power sensor zeroing. While this is being done, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Zeroing power sensor, please wait...".

When zeroing is over, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Power Sensor Zero OK" and switches back to the softkey menu for the power sensor.

 Now connect the R&S FSH-Z14 or R&S FSH-Z44 between the source and the load.

 The R&S FSH displays the measured forward power level in dBm and the VSWR of the load.

To achieve maximum measurement accuracy, enter the frequency of the signal under test.

 Press the FREQ softkey.

The R&S FSH opens the entry box for the frequency.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the desired frequency

and terminate the input with the ENTER key or by pressing the FREQ softkey again.

The R&S FSH transfers the new frequency to the power sensor which then corrects the measured power readings.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Two-Port Transmission Measurements

(Only for R&S FSH with tracking generator)

For measurements of the gain or attenuation of two-port devices, the R&S FSH provides a tracking generator which generates a sinewave signal exactly at the receive frequency of the R&S FSH.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

The measurement function menu opens.

 Using the cursor keys or the rotary knob, select the TRACKING GEN menu item and confirm your

selection with the ENTER key or the MEAS softkey.

The R&S FSH switches on the tracking generator and calls up its softkey menu.

When the tracking generator is switched on, the R&S FSH displays Uncal . This indicates that tracking generator measurements are uncalibrated.

Before calibration, the span you want should be set because calibration is valid only for the calibrated span. Changing the frequency settings after calibration invalidates calibration.

 Press the FREQ key.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the center frequency.

 Press the SPAN key.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the span.

Alternately, the start and stop frequencies can be entered using the START and STOP softkeys in the frequency menu.

Calibrate the R&S FSH for the transfer function measurement. The following example shows a scalar measurement of the transmission function. If the option R&S FSH-K2 is installed, the measurement must first be switched to scalar.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEAS MODE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select SCALAR.

 Confirm with the ENTER key or the MEAS MODE softkey.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

 In the main menu for the tracking generator, press

the MEAS key.

 Press the TRANSM CAL softkey.

The R&S FSH now prompts you to connect the RF input to the tracking generator’s output so that calibration can be carried out.

 Connect the RF output to the generator’s input

without the DUT.

 Press the CONTINUE softkey to start calibration.

During calibration, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Calibrating THROUGH, please wait...".

When calibration has been completed, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Transm. calibrated" for 3 seconds.

The R&S FSH now displays Transm. in the upper right-hand corner of the measurement diagram. This tells you that the R&S FSH has been calibrated for transfer function measurements. In addition, the TRANSM CAL softkey label is highlighted in green.

 Connect the DUT between the RF input and the

generator's output.

The R&S FSH displays the magnitude of the transfer function. You can read out values with the markers, for example.

The transmission calibration remains valid until the center frequency or the span is changed on the R&S FSH such that the new span falls outside the calibrated frequency range. If the calibration is no longer valid,. Uncal is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

If the reference is changed after calibration, greater measurement uncertainty must be anticipated. The

R&S FSH retains the calibration data but displays a red dot in front of • Transm. .

When saving a data set for a scalar transmission measurement in a calibrated state, the R&S FSH can store the calibration data along with the other settings (see section "Saving Calibration Data"). Thus, after the setting is recalled, a measurement can be performed without prior calibration, provided that the instrument's temperature does not deviate more than 5 °C from its temperature when the data set was stored.

If the temperature deviation is greater, the R&S FSH outputs a (red) dot in front of • Transm. . A

precise measurement can then be made only after a calibration.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Measurement of Return Loss

(Only for R&S FSH with tracking generator)

For reflection measurements, the VSWR Bridge and Power Divider R&S FSH-Z2 or R&S FSH-Z3 and a short standard (supplied with the R&S FSH-Z2) are needed. The R&S FSH-Z2 or R&S FSH-Z3 is screw-connected to the RF input connector and the generator’s output.

VSWR Bridge

and

Control

cable

Power Divider

R&S FSH-Z2

Test port

R&S FSH with VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z3

R&S FSH with VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z2

 Connect the control cable of the R&S FSH-Z2/-Z3 to the power sensor connector of the R&S FSH.

 Connect the RF and generator port of the R&S FSH-Z2/-Z3 to the RF input and generator output of

the R&S FSH.

The test setup must be calibrated before any measurements are made. This is done with a short and an open at the point were the reflection measurement is to be made. If a cable is to be inserted between the DUT and the bridge, perform the calibration at the measurement end of the cable.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

 Using the cursor keys or the rotary knob, select TRACKING GEN from the menu and confirm with the

ENTER key or the MEAS softkey.

The R&S FSH switches on the tracking generator and calls up its softkey menu. Since no calibration has been performed, Track Gen Uncal appears in the upper right-hand corner of the measurement

diagram.

Before performing calibration, set the required span because calibration is valid only for the calibrated span. Changing the frequency settings after calibration invalidates calibration.

 Press the FREQ key.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the center frequency.

 Press the SPAN key.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the span.

Alternately, the start and stop frequency can be input using the START and STOP softkeys in the frequency menu.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

Calibrate the R&S FSH for the return loss measurement.

The following example shows a scalar measurement of return loss. If the option R&S FSH-K2 is installed, measurement must first be switched to scalar.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEAS MODE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select SCALAR.

 Confirm with the ENTER key or the MEAS MODE softkey.

 In the main menu for the tracking generator, press

the REFLECT CAL softkey.

The R&S FSH prompts you to leave the measurement port open.

 Leave the test port of the R&S FSH-Z2 open.

 Using the CONTINUE softkey, start the OPEN cali-

bration.

While calibration is in progress, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Calibrating OPEN, please wait... ".

When OPEN calibration is over, the R&S FSH prompts you to perform SHORT calibration.

 Connect a short to the test port of the R&S FSH-Z2.

 Using CONTINUE, start the SHORT calibration.

While calibration is in progress, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Calibrating SHORT, please wait... ".

When calibration is over, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Reflect. calibrated" for 3 seconds.

FSH-Z2: Refl. is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the measurement diagram to indicate that the R&S FSH has been calibrated for reflection measurements and that the VWSR bridge is being used.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

 Connect the DUT to the measurement port of the

R&S FSH-Z2 or R&S FSH-Z3.

The R&S FSH displays the return loss of the DUT.

The reflection calibration remains valid until the R&S FSH’s center frequency or span is changed such that the new span falls outside the calibrated frequency range. If calibration becomes invalid, the R&S FSH displays Uncal in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

If the reference is changed after calibration, a larger measurement uncertainty must be anticipated. The

R&S FSH retains the calibration data but places a red dot in front of the • FSH-Z2: Refl. display to

indicate a possible increase in measurement uncertainty.

When saving a data set for a scalar reflection measurement in a calibrated state, the R&S FSH can store the calibration data along with the other settings (see section "Saving Calibration Data"). Thus, after the setting is recalled, a measurement can be performed without prior calibration, provided that the instrument's temperature does not deviate more than 5 °C from its temperature when the data set was stored.

If the temperature deviation is greater, the R&S FSH outputs a (red) dot in front of • FSH-Z2: Refl. . A

precise measurement can then be made only after a calibration.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

Performing Distance-To-Fault Measurements

(Only for the R&S FSH with tracking generator, installed option R&S FSH-B1 (distance-to-fault measurement) and VSWR Bridge and Power Divider R&S FSH-Z2 or R&S FSH-Z3).

Measurement

VSWR bridge

cable

Test port

VSWR Bridge

and

Power Divider

R&S FSH-Z2

Measurement

cable

Test port

RF input

Control cable

Generator output

Short circuit

DUT

R&S FSH with VSWR Bridge R&S FSH-Z3

R&S FSH with VSWR Bridge

Control

cable

RF input

Generator

output

Short

circuit

DUT

R&S FSH-Z2

 Connect the control cable of the R&S FSH-Z2 or R&S FSH-Z3 to the power sensor connector of the

R&S FSH.

 Connect the RF and generator port of the R&S FSH-Z2/R&S FSH-Z3 to the RF input and generator

output of the R&S FSH.

 Connect the 1 m test cable supplied with option R&S FSH-B1 to the bridge test port.

Note: The 1 m cable must be used. Results are invalid without this cable.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

 Using the cursor keys or rotary knob, select DISTANCE TO FAULT from the menu and confirm with

the ENTER key or the MEAS softkey.

The R&S FSH switches on the distance-to-fault measurement function. The R&S FSH delivers optimum results if the center frequency is set to the frequency at which the device under test is operated.

 Press the FREQ key.

 Input the center frequency, e.g. frequency of the antenna at the end of the cable under test.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

To perform distance-to-fault cable measurements, the R&S FSH needs to be informed about the type of cable and its approximate length. Frequency-dependent cable models can be generated with the supplied R&S FSH View software for Windows and loaded onto the R&S FSH. The procedure is described in the R&S FSH View manual. The cable parameters for a frequency can also be entered directly.

Selecting a cable model from the list:

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the CABLE MODEL softkey.

The R&S FSH displays the list of loaded cable models.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the

appropriate cable model.

 Using the SELECT softkey, activate the cable model

you have selected.

The analyzer returns to the DTF measurement menu and displays the cable used for the measurement in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

Entering the cable parameters at a specific frequency:

If cables are used that are not listed in cable models stored in the R&S FSH, it is possible to enter the cable parameters at a specific frequency. It is advisable to use the center frequency of the DTF measurement.

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the CABLE MODEL softkey.

The R&S FSH displays the list of loaded cable models (if available).

 Press the SELECT USER MOD softkey.

The softkey is highlighted in green to indicate that a user-specific cable model has been chosen.

The cable model is defined with the DEFINE USER MOD softkey.

 Press the DEFINE USER MOD softkey.

The R&S FSH opens a submenu for defining the FREQUENCY, the VELOCITY FACTOR and the ATTENUATION.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the

appropriate parameter from the submenu and press the ENTER key.

 Enter the value (e. g. velocity factor) for the cable

used.

 Confirm with the ENTER key.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

Please refer to the cable manufacturer's data sheet for the velocity factor (= speed of the wave in the cable relative to the speed of light) and the attenuation of the cable per meter or per foot at the specified frequency.

 Use the EXIT softkey to exit the menu for defining the cable model.

The analyzer returns to the DTF measurement menu and displays the cable used for the measurement in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

The R&S FSH uses the cable length to determine the optimal span for the measurement and for scaling the x axis in DTF mode. For best results, the cable should be specified 20% to 50% longer than the actual cable length.

 Press the CABLE LENGTH softkey.

The R&S FSH opens the cable length (CABLE LEN) value entry box and displays the current length setting.

 Using the numeric keys, enter the cable length in

meters and terminate the entry with the ENTER key or one of the unit keys, or

 Using the rotary knob (1 m steps) or the cursor keys

(10 m steps), adjust the cable length.

If the unit of length is set to Feet (via SETUP: LOCAL SETTINGS), the entry is in feet.

The minimum cable length is 3 m. The maximum cable length that can be set is 1000 m.

Note: Always enter the cable length before the test setup is calibrated. If it is entered afterwards,

measurement accuracy is reduced.

Calibrating the test setup:

The test setup must be calibrated before any measurements are performed.

 Press the DTF CAL softkey.

The R&S FSH opens a text window that prompts you to terminate the measurement cable with a SHORT.

 Firmly screw the SHORT to the output end of the

measurement cable.

 Press the CONTINUE softkey to start the SHORT

calibration.

While the SHORT calibration is in progress, the R&S FSH outputs the message "Calibrating SHORT, please wait...".

When calibration is over, the R&S FSH displays DTF CAL in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

Calibration tip:

The R&S FSH performs calibration over its entire span. Therefore, recalibration is not necessary after the cable length is changed. The calibration data is stored in the R&S FSH memory. Thus, the calibration is valid after the operating mode is changed or after the instrument is switched off. For a calibration to remain valid, the instrument temperature must not deviate more than 5°C. If the

temperature deviates more than this amount, the R&S FSH shows a red dot in front of the • DTF

display . A new calibration is then necessary.

 Unscrew the short from the measurement cable.

 Screw the cable under test to the measurement cable.

The R&S FSH displays the return loss produced in the cable under test versus the distance.

The R&S FSH can also list any cable faults. It displays the return loss and distance from the measurement plane of all reflections that exceed a definable threshold.

 Press the LIST VIEW softkey.

The R&S FSH opens the threshold value entry box and also displays the threshold as a horizontal line across the measurement diagram.

 Set the threshold using the cursor keys (5 dB steps),

the rotary knob (1 dB steps) or the numeric keys.

 Press the ENTER key or the LIST VIEW softkey

again.

The R&S FSH displays a table listing all the return losses that are above the threshold, sorted according to distance from the measurement plane.

 To close the list and to return to the graphical

display mode, press the EXIT softkey.

The distance to the cable faults or the distance between any two faults can also be read out with the marker.

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Measurements on CW Signals R&S FSH

 Press the MARKER key.

The R&S FSH opens the marker menu and places the distance marker on the largest return loss. The marker readout provides the distance of the reflection from the measurement plane in meters and its return loss.

 Change the distance marker by entering a number,

adjusting the rotary knob (pixel by pixel) or by using the cursor keys (step = 10 % of the span).

For higher fault resolution, the R&S FSH offers a zoom function in the position of the marker. The x axis of the display can be extended up to a span of 3 m.

 Press the MARKER MODE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select

ZOOM ON from the menu.

 Confirm with the ENTER key.

The entry field for the zoom factor is displayed while the R&S FSH simultaneously expands the x axis by a factor of 2.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, set the

zoom factor to the value you want.

The screenshot on the right shows that the fault of the measured cable consists of two transitions. A coupling of approx. 7 cm in length was used to connect two cables.

Disable the zoom function as follows:

 Press the MARKER MODE softkey in the MARKER menu.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select ZOOM OFF from the menu.

 Confirm by pressing the ENTER key or by pressing the MARKER MODE softkey again.

Checking the return loss of the cable under test:

 Press the MEAS MODE softkey.

 Select REFLECTION using the rotary knob or the cursor keys.

 Confirm by pressing the MEAS MODE softkey again or by pressing the ENTER key.

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R&S FSH Measurements on CW Signals

The R&S FSH measures the return loss over the span that has been selected for the distance-to-fault cable measurement.

To indicate that the R&S FSH is measuring return loss, DTF refl. cal is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.

Checking the spectrum in the span for detecting external interferers:

 Press the MEAS MODE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select SPECTRUM.

 Confirm by pressing the MEAS MODE softkey again or by pressing the ENTER key.

The R&S FSH turns off the tracking generator and displays the spectrum over the span of the DTF measurement.

To indicate that the R&S FSH is in the spectrum mode, DTF Spectrum is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the screen. Otherwise, the R&S FSH uses exactly the same settings as it did for DTF measurements.

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Operation in Receiver Mode R&S FSH

Operation in Receiver Mode

(Available only if the option R&S FSH-K3 is installed.)

To provide a means of measuring levels at a specific frequency, the R&S FSH offers the receiver mode as an option (option R&S FSH-K3). With this option, the R&S FSH functions like a receiver that measures the level at a predefined frequency.

Switching on the receiver mode:

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

The menu for measurement functions opens.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select

RECEIVER from the menu and confirm with the ENTER key or the MEASURE softkey.

The R&S FSH activates the receiver mode and measures the level at the specified frequency.

The most important settings for the measurement parameters are provided directly in the main menu of the receiver mode, or they can be entered using the corresponding keys.

Setting the frequency:

 Press the FREQ softkey in the main menu of the receiver mode.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, adjust the frequency, or, using the numeric keys, enter a

new frequency and confirm the entry with the ENTER key.

You can also enter the frequency by using the FREQ key.

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R&S FSH Operation in Receiver Mode

Selecting the frequency step size:

The frequency resolution in the receiver mode is 100 Hz. The tuned step size can be changed as required for the application

 Press the FREQ key.

 Press the FREQ STEPSIZE softkey.

 Set the required step size in the selection table.

 Confirm with the ENTER key.

 You can set any step size you want by using MANUAL....

 To do so, select MANUAL... for the step size in the selection table.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, change the tuned step size and confirm with the ENTER key,

or, using the numeric keypad, manually enter a step size and confirm by pressing the units key.

Tuning the frequency in channel grids:

As an alternative to entering the frequency, the R&S FSH can also be tuned in channels. The channel tables that the R&S FSH uses to set channel frequencies are defined either by using the R&S FSH View software or by directly entering the first channel number, the associated frequency, the number of channels and the channel spacing.

 Press the FREQ key.

 Press the CHANNEL MODE softkey.

The R&S FSH now uses the active channel table. The FREQ softkey for frequency entry is renamed to CHANNEL for channel entry, and the R&S FSH displays the channel number rather than the frequency. The channel numbers are now used to tune the frequency.

Selecting a channel table that was predefined using R&S FSH View:

 If the channel display is active (CHANNEL MODE

softkey active in the FREQ menu), press the CHANNEL TABLE softkey.

The R&S FSH will display the stored channel tables.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select the

channel table you want.

 To activate the channel table, press the SELECT

softkey.

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Operation in Receiver Mode R&S FSH

Direct entry of a channel table:

 If the channel display is active (CHANNEL MODE softkey active in the FREQ menu), press the

CHANNEL TABLE softkey.

 Press the SELECT USER TAB softkey.

The R&S FSH will use the last channel table that was entered directly.

 Press the DEFINE USER TAB softkey.

The R&S FSH will open the submenu for defining the channel table.

 Press the DEFINE USER TAB softkey again.

 Enter the number of the first channel and confirm with the ENTER key.

 Press the DEFINE USER TAB softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select 1ST CHANNEL FREQ... from the menu and confirm

with the ENTER key.

 Enter the frequency for the first channel number.

 Press the DEFINE USER TAB softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select NO OF CHANNELS... from the menu and confirm

with the ENTER key.

 Enter the number of channels and confirm with the ENTER key.

 Press the DEFINE USER TAB softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select CHANNEL SPACING... from the menu and confirm

with the ENTER key.

 Enter the frequency spacing for the channels and confirm with the ENTER key.

 Press the EXIT key to exit the menu for defining channel tables.

The R&S FSH will now show channel numbers rather than the frequency. It also shows the associated frequency above Channel.

Selecting the reference level:

The reference level is the maximum level of the analog bar-graph display. It must be set such that the level display is located within the bar-graph scale.

 Press the REF LEVEL softkey in the main menu of the receiver mode (MEAS key). Or press the

AMPT key.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, change the reference level or, using the numeric keys, enter a

new reference level.

 Confirm with the ENTER key.

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R&S FSH Operation in Receiver Mode

Selecting the bandwidth:

The receiver mode provides the same bandwidths as in analyzer operation. In addition, the three bandwidths 200 Hz, 9 kHz and 120 kHz are available for EMI measurements in accordance with CISPR16.

 Press the BW key

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, change the

bandwidth and confirm with the ENTER key, or, using the numeric keypad, manually enter bandwidth and confirm by pressing the units key.

 For input of a CISPR bandwidth press the softkey

CISPR BW.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, change the bandwidth and confirm with the ENTER key, or,

using the numeric keypad, manually enter bandwidth and confirm by pressing the units key.

According to CISPR16 the bandwidth is connected to the frequency. The R&S FSH allows to couple the bandwidth to the set frequency automatically:

 Press the softkey AUTO CISPPR BW.

The R&S FSH uses the suitable bandwidth dependent on the set frequency.

Setting the detector:

The receiver mode of the R&S FSH offers a peak detector, average detector, RMS detector and quasipeak detector. Set the detector either from the main menu of the receiver mode or by using the TRACE key.

 Press the DETECTOR softkey in the main menu of

the receiver mode, or press first the TRACE key and then the DETECTOR softkey

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, select a

detector from the selection list.

 Press the ENTER softkey.

Setting the measurement time:

The measurement time is the amount of time during which the R&S FSH collects measured values and compiles them into a display result for the selected detector.

 Press the MEAS TIME softkey in the main menu of the receiver mode, or press the SWEEP key.

 Using the rotary knob or cursor keys, adjust the measurement time, or, using the numeric keys, enter

a new measurement time and confirm with the unit.

Note: If the quasi-peak detector is selected, the selected measurement time must be larger than

100 ms in order to ensure that fluctuating or pulse-like signals are measured correctly.

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Operation in Receiver Mode R&S FSH

Scanning in the receiver mode:

In the receiver mode, the R&S FSH can scan across a defined number of frequencies and graphically display the results. It performs a measurement at each frequency for the defined measurement time.

 Press the SPAN softkey.

 Press the FREQ SCAN softkey.

The R&S FSH switches to the scan mode and displays the measurement levels at the individual frequencies as vertical lines.

 Press the SCAN START softkey.

 Enter the start frequency for the scan.

 Press the SCAN STOP softkey.

 Enter the stop frequency for the scan.

 Press the SCAN STEP softkey.

 Enter the step size for the scan.

It is also possible to scan the frequencies of a channel table. This requires activating a channel table as follows:

 Press the FREQ softkey.

 Press the CHANNEL MODE softkey.

The R&S FSH now performs a measurement at the frequencies of the channel table.

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Page 90

R&S FSH Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio

Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio

(Available as of firmware version 8.0 or higher.)

The R&S FSH offers a carrier/noise measurement for measuring the ratio of carrier power to noise power. It performs the measurement in two steps. First, the carrier power of a transmission channel is measured or a reference power determined which is then used for C/N calculation. In the second step, the R&S FSH measures the noise power of an unoccupied transmission channel and calculates the ratio of carrier power to noise power.

Determining the carrier power (reference power or reference level)

The R&S FSH offers the carrier power measurement for three different types of modulation.

• Digital Tx

In the Digital Tx operating mode, the channel power of a reference channel is measured. This is common with digitally modulated carriers where power is equally distributed, i.e. the carrier power is independent of the modulation signal.

• Analog TV

In the Analog TV operating mode, the peak power of the vision carrier is measured. This is common with amplitude-modulated TV signals.

• CW Tx

In the CW Tx operating mode, the power of an unmodulated carrier is measured.

• Manual entry of a reference power or a reference level

You can also enter a reference power or reference level manually. The R&S FSH then uses this value for C/N calculation.

Noise power and C/N power ratio

For noise power measurements, the R&S FSH is set to an unoccupied transmission channel where it measures the noise power in accordance with the selected channel bandwidth. If required, the R&S FSH also displays the power ratio with reference to the noise power density of the transmission channel (C/N

Activating the C/N measurement:

 Press the MEAS key.

 Press the MEASURE softkey.

The menu for measurement functions opens.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select

CARRIER / NOISE from the menu and confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the MEASURE softkey.

The R&S FSH activates the carrier/noise mode and starts the carrier power measurement that was selected last.

The major measurement parameter settings are available directly in the main menu of the carrier/noise measurement or can be entered using the appropriate keys.

). C/N0= C/N + 10 lg(channel bandwidth/Hz)

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Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio R&S FSH

Reference power/reference level

To determine the reference, you need to enter the type of reference measurement, the reference channel and the channel bandwidth of the reference channel.

Selecting the reference measurement:

 Press the SELECT MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the desired measurement method to determine

the reference carrier power (Digital Tx, Analog TV or CW Tx) and confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the F1 softkey.

The R&S FSH measures the reference in accordance with the selected modulation method.

Selecting the reference channel:

 Press the REF MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the desired entry (Channel, Vision Carrier Freq,

Center Freq or 8VSB Pilot Freq) and confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the F4 softkey.

You can alternatively also enter the channel center frequency after pressing the FREQ function key.

The R&S FSH measures the reference in the selected transmission channel.

Entering the channel bandwidth of the reference channel:

 If the reference measurement is active, press the CHANNEL BW softkey.

 Enter the desired value and terminate the entry with the appropriate unit key.

The R&S FSH sets the span in accordance with the selected bandwidth. The channel center frequency is calculated when the vision carrier frequency is entered.

Selecting the reference unit:

 Press the LEVEL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the desired entry (dBm, dBmV or dBQV) and

confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the F2 softkey.

The measurement result of the reference measurement is displayed in the selected unit.

Manual reference entry:

 Press the REF MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select MAN REF POWER/LEVEL and confirm with the

ENTER key or the REF MEASURE softkey.

 Enter the desired reference value in the selected reference unit by means of the numeric

keypad and terminate the entry with one of the unit keys.

Automatic levelling:

 If the reference measurement is active, press the LEVEL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select LEVEL ADJUST and confirm your choice with

the ENTER key or the F2 softkey.

Depending on the input signal, the R&S FSH is optimally levelled.

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R&S FSH Measuring the Carrier-to-Noise Ratio

Measuring the noise power

Enter an unoccupied transmission channel and its channel bandwidth to determine the noise power.

Selecting the result display:

 Press the SELECT MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the desired result display (C/N or C/N

confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the F1 softkey.

The R&S FSH outputs the power ratio according to the selected result display.

Selecting the unoccupied transmission channel:

 Press the NOISE MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select the desired entry (Channel, Vision Carrier Freq,

Center Freq or 8VSB Pilot Freq) and confirm your choice with the ENTER key or the F5 softkey.

You can alternatively also enter the channel center frequency after pressing the FREQ function key.

The R&S FSH measures the noise power in the selected transmission channel.

Entering the channel bandwidth of the noise channel:

 If the noise power measurement is active, press the CHANNEL BW softkey.

 Enter the desired value and terminate the entry with the appropriate unit key.

The R&S FSH sets the span in accordance with the selected bandwidth. The channel center frequency is calculated when the vision carrier frequency is entered.

Automatic levelling:

 If the noise power measurement is active, press the LEVEL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select LEVEL ADJUST and confirm your choice with

the ENTER key or the F2 softkey.

) and

Depending on the input signal, the R&S FSH is optimally levelled.

Blanking out the result display:

The C/N ratio or the reference is indicated at the bottom of the display. This insertion can be deactivated.

 Press the NOISE MEASURE or REF MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select DISPLAY OFF and confirm your choice with the

ENTER key or the F4 or F5 softkey.

The R&S FSH blanks out the result display.

Inserting the result display:

 Press the NOISE MEASURE or REF MEASURE softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select DISPLAY ON and confirm your choice with the

ENTER key or the F4 or F5 softkey.

The R&S FSH inserts the result display at the bottom of the display.

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Saving and Recalling Settings and Test Results R&S FSH

Saving and Recalling Settings and Test Results

Instrument settings and results can be saved to the R&S FSH’s internal CMOS RAM. Results and settings are always stored together, allowing them to be interpreted in context when recalled. The R&S FSH can store a maximum of 100 data sets, each with a unique name.

Saving Measurement Results

 Press the SAVE / PRINT key.

 Press the SAVE softkey.

An input box opens and you will be prompted to enter a name for the data set to be saved.

The name for the most recently stored data set is suggested in the 'Name:' entry box, which is highlighted in red. When you press the ENTER key or the SAVE softkey a second time, the data set is saved under the suggested name.

By pressing the BACK key, you can instruct the R&S FSH to browse through the list of names of the data sets already stored and display them with the first available free extension. Thus, the name of the data set recalled for a specific measurement can be selected for storing the measurement data.

A new name can be entered via the numeric keypad. The numeric keypad has the same letter assignment as mobile phone keypads. Enter the letter above the key by pressing the key the appropriate number of times.

The number of free memory locations is also displayed.

 Enter a name for the data set using the numeric keypad.

 Confirm with ENTER.

The data set is saved to the R&S FSH’s internal memory under the specified name.

The name of an existing data set can be edited with the cursor keys. It is therefore not necessary to fully enter the name of a new data set.

 Press the SAVE key.

The R&S FSH suggests a name for the data set to be saved.

 Press a cursor key ( or ).

A vertical cursor is positioned at the end of the name for the data set.

 Use the  key to move the cursor to the left.

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R&S FSH Saving and Recalling Settings and Test Results

 Use the  key to move the cursor to the right.

 Insert a new letter or number at the cursor position using the alphanumeric keypad.

 Press the BACK key to delete the letter or digit to the left of the cursor.

Saving Calibration Data

When performing scalar transmission or return loss measurements, the R&S FSH can store the calibration data along with the settings and results. Saving the settings and results with calibration data requires twice as much memory space as without it. This, of course, reduces the maximum number of data sets that can be saved. With the R&S FSH6 and R&S FSH3 model 23 (from serial number

102314), you can now also save the calibration data for the vector measurement of the transmission or of the reflection.

In the default state, calibration data storage is disabled.

 Press the SETUP key.

 Press the GENERAL softkey.

 Select SAVE CAL DATA... and confirm by pressing

the ENTER key or the GENERAL softkey.

 Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, select ON

or OFF.

 Confirm with ENTER.

The state for calibration data saving is entered in the SETUP menu.

When recalling data sets with stored calibration data, the R&S FSH checks whether the current instrument temperature corresponds to the instrument temperature at the time the data was stored. If it

deviates more than 5°C, the R&S FSH displays a red dot in front of the • Transmission or • Reflection

display. Recalibration is then necessary.

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Saving and Recalling Settings and Test Results R&S FSH

Recalling Measurement Results

Use the R&S FSH’s recall function to review previously saved measurement results and settings.

 Press the SAVE / PRINT key.

 Press the RECALL softkey.

A list of all saved data sets opens. The red selection bar marks the last data set to be saved.

 Select a data set from the list using the rotary knob.

 Confirm your selection by pressing the RECALL

softkey.

The selected data set is displayed on the screen, but the R&S FSH is not set to the settings in the data set. You can now check the data set before its settings are activated.

The name of the selected data set is displayed at the lower left-hand corner of the screen. Using the rotary knob or the cursor keys, you can scroll through all the available data sets. The settings and results for each data set are displayed.

You now have the following options:

 Press the STATUS key to see all the instrument

settings in the selected data set. When you press the STATUS key again, the R&S FSH returns to the graphical display.

 Press the ACTIVATE softkey to load the data set.

 Press the EXIT softkey to display the list of data sets

again. Press EXIT a second time and the R&S FSH returns to its previous settings without loading a data set.

 Press SCREEN->PRINTER to send the displayed

data set to a printer.

Pressing the ACTIVATE softkey transfers the stored trace to the R&S FSH's trace memory. The current trace can be compared with the stored one by switching on the trace memory.

 Press the TRACE key.

 Press the SHOW MEMORY softkey.

The R&S FSH displays the stored trace in white and the current trace in yellow.

Note: The trace is in the R&S FSH's trace memory. The level and frequency values are

displayed correctly only if neither the instrument's frequency setting nor its level setting have been changed.

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R&S FSH Printing Out Measurement Results

Printing Out Measurement Results

The R&S FSH can send screenshots to a printer equipped with a serial interface. The type of printer and the baud rate of the serial interface can be defined in the setup menu (SETUP key) by using the GENERAL softkey and selecting 'PRINTER BAUD...' and 'PRINTER TYPE...' from the menu. For printers with a parallel interface, a serial/parallel converter (R&S FSH-Z22) is available.

Printer with serial interface:

 Connect the printer to the optical interface using the RS-232-C optical interface cable R&S FSH-Z34.

Printer with parallel interface:

 Connect the RS-232-C optical interface cable to the Serial/Parallel Converter R&S FSH-Z22.

 Connect the R&S FSH-Z22 parallel interface to the printer.

 Switch on the Serial/Parallel Converter R&S FSH-Z22

Operating the R&S FSH:

 Press the SAVE / PRINT key.

The SAVE/PRINT menu with the option for printing out a screenshot to a printer opens.

 Press the SCREEN->PRINTER softkey.

The R&S FSH starts printing out the screenshot to a printer.

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R&S FSH Screen Layout

3 Operation

Screen Layout

Screen layout for spectrum-mode measurements without markers

Detector display

Reference level display

Trace mode display

Trigger display

Parameter

uncoupled

Display of

resolution bandwidth (RBW), video bandwidth (VBW) and

sweep time (SWT)

Invalid-trace symbol

Level-axis

scale

X-axis scale

Status

message

Battery charge-level

indicator

Grid

Trace

Value entry box

Softkey labelling

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Screen Layout R&S FSH

Screen layout when the marker mode is selected

Marker-value readout

Display: Setting not coupled

Marker

Delta marker

Selected menu item

Softkey menu

Softkey function on

Softkey activated for entry

The colour of the softkey labelling and its background indicate the status of the softkey function in question:

Softkey colour Meaning

Blue background, white labelling Softkey function is turned off

Blue background, grey labelling In the current setting, this softkey function is not available

Green background Softkey function is turned on

Red background Softkey function has been activated for value entry or selecting a menu

function

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R&S FSH Entering Measurement Parameters

Entering Measurement Parameters

Settings and texts are entered either by directly calling the functions or by entering values, units or texts separately. The R&S FSH has a variety of operating modes.

Alphanumeric

Rotary knob

keypad

Unit keys

BACK key

CANCEL key

ENTER key

Cursor keys

Entering values and texts

Values are entered using the number keys (0 to 9), the decimal point key (.) and the minus key (-) in the alphanumeric keypad. The alphanumeric keypad is also used to enter letters, e.g. file names for data sets. If the R&S FSH is expecting a letter entry, it automatically assigns the letters above the keys to the keys in the alphanumeric keypad. The keys have multiple assignments. The letter you want is obtained by pressing the key the appropriate number of times. The key assignments are listed below:

Key x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9

a b c 2 A B C

d e f 3 D E F

g h i 4 G H I

j k l 5 J K L

m n o 6 M N O

p q r s 7 P Q R S

t u v 8 T U V

w x y z 9 W X Y Z

0 SPC

You can delete any letter or digit you have entered with the BACK key. Pressing the BACK key deletes the last keystroke that has been entered. Complete entries can be cancelled with the CANCEL key.

Values can also be entered with the rotary knob or the cursor keys. The entry is changed in steps and the R&S FSH immediately sets the appropriate entry parameter.

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Entering Measurement Parameters R&S FSH

Entering units

To enter a unit for a value entry, terminate the entry with a unit key. Use the unit keys down the righthand side of the alphanumeric keypad. These keys have multiple assignments which depend on the unit entry expected by the R&S FSH.

GHz, -dBm, V, s

MHz, dBm, dBmV, mV, ms

kHz, dBHV, HV, Hs

kHz, nV, ns

The relative unit dB can be entered with any of the unit keys.

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