Rockford Fosgate FNP1414, FNP1514, FNP1614, FNP1614F, fanaticP FNP1414 Operation And Installation Manual

operation & installation

FNP1414
FNP1514
FNP1614F
FNP1614

Dear Customer,

Congratulations on your purchase of the world's finest brand of car audio
speakers. At Rockford Fosgate we are fanatics about musical reproduction at
its best, and we are pleased you chose our product. Through years of engi­neering expertise, hand craftsmanship and critical testing procedures, we
have created a wide range of products that reproduce music with all the
clarity and richness you deserve.

For maximum performance we recommend you have your new Rockford
Fosgate product installed by an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer, as we
provide specialized training through Rockford Technical Training Institute
(RTTI). Please read your warranty and retain your receipt and original car­ton for possible future use.

Great product and competent installations are only a piece of the puzzle
when it comes to your system. Make sure that your installer is using 100%
authentic installation accessories from Connecting Punch in your installa­tion. Connecting Punch has everything from RCA cables and speaker wire
to Power line and battery connectors. Insist on it! After all, your new system
deserves nothing but the best.

To add the finishing touch to your new Rockford Fosgate image order your
Rockford wearables, which include everything from T-shirts and jackets to
hats and sunglasses.

To get a free brochure on Rockford Fosgate products and Rockford acces­sories, in the U.S. call 480-967-3565 or FAX [phone]. For all other
countries, call +001-480-967-3565 or FAX [phone].

If, after reading your manual, you still have questions regarding this prod­uct, we recommend that you see your Rockford Fosgate dealer. If you need
further assistance, you can call us direct at 1-800-669-9899. Be sure to have
your serial number, model number and date of purchase available when
you call.

The serial number can be found on the outside of the box. Please record it
in the space provided below as your permanent record. This will serve as
verification of your factory warranty and may become useful in recovering
your product if it is ever stolen.

Serial Number: __________________________________
Model Number: ________________________________

PRACTICE SAFE SOUND™

CONTINUOUS EXPOSURE TO SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS
OVER

100dB MAY CAUSE PERMANENT HEARING LOSS.

HIGH POWERED AUTOSOUND SYSTEMS MAY PRODUCE
SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS WELL OVER

130dB. USE

COMMON SENSE AND PRACTICE SAFE SOUND

.

– 1 –

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction ................................................................................................1

Package Contents........................................................................................2

Installation Considerations............................................................................3

Mounting Location ......................................................................................4

Installation..................................................................................................5

Troubleshooting ..........................................................................................8

Specifications..............................................................................................9

Warranty Information ................................................................................10

International Information ............................................................................11

INTRODUCTION

This manual provides information on the features and installation of the
fanaticP System. We suggest you save this manual for future reference. We
strongly recommend you have your Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer
install the fanaticP System. If you do choose to install the system yourself,
please be sure to read the entire manual before beginning.

– 2 –

PACKAGE CONTENTS

(2) FNP2401 Tweeters

Includes 3/4" [20mm] mylar dome
tweeter, flush mount housing, sur­face mount housing, wedge mount

housing
(2) Tweeter Mounting Brackets
(4) #8-32 x .500 Screws
(8) #8 x .75 Phillips Screws

(2) .110 Female Fast-on Connectors
(2) .110 Male Fast-on Connectors
(2) FNP1404 4" Midrange Speakers
(2) 4" Speaker Grilles
(2) 4" Speaker Grille Rings
(2) FNP242x 2-Way Crossovers
(8) #8 x 1.25 Phillips Screws
(20') 18 Gauge Speaker Wire

(2) FNP2401 Tweeters

Includes 3/4" [20mm] mylar dome
tweeter, flush mount housing, sur­face mount housing, wedge mount

housing
(2) Tweeter Mounting Brackets
(4) #8-32 x .500 Screws
(8) #8 x .75 Phillips Screws

(2) .110 Female Fast-on Connectors
(2) .110 Male Fast-on Connectors
(2) FNP1406F 6" Midrange Speakers
(2) 6" Speaker Grilles
(2) 6" Speaker Grille Rings
(2) FNP242x 2-Way Crossovers
(8) #8 x 1.25 Phillips Screws
(20') 18 Gauge Speaker Wire

(2) FNP2401 Tweeters

Includes 3/4" [20mm]

mylar dome tweeter, flush mount

housing, surface mount housing,

wedge mount housing
(2) Tweeter Mounting Brackets
(4) #8-32 x .500 Screws
(8) #8 x .75 Phillips Screws

(2) .110 Female Fast-on Connectors
(2) .110 Male Fast-on Connectors
(2) FNP1405 5-1⁄4" Midrange Speakers
(2) 5-1⁄4" Speaker Grilles
(2) 5-1⁄4" Speaker Grille Rings
(2) FNP242x 2-Way Crossovers
(8) #8 x 1.25 Phillips Screws
(20') 18 Gauge Speaker Wire

FNP1414 4" fanaticP Component System

FNP1614F 6" fanaticP Component System

FNP1514 5-1/4" fanaticP Component System

(2) FNP2401 Tweeters

Includes 3/4" [20mm] mylar dome

tweeter, flush mount housing, sur-

face mount housing, wedge mount

housing
(2) Tweeter Mounting Brackets
(4) #8-32 x .500 Screws
(8) #8 x .75 Phillips Screws

(2) .110 Female Fast-on Connectors
(2) .110 Male Fast-on Connectors
(2) FNP1406 6-1⁄2" Midrange Speakers
(2) 6-1⁄2" Speaker Grilles
(2) 6-1⁄2" Speaker Grille Rings
(2) FNP242x 2-Way Crossovers
(8) #8 x 1.25 Phillips Screws
(20') 18 Gauge Speaker Wire

FNP1614 6-1/2" fanaticP Component System

– 3 –

INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS

Tools Needed

The following is a list of some of the tools necessary for the installation of
your speakers.

Power Drill with assorted bits #2 Phillips Screwdriver
Tape Measure Voltmeter

General

1. For safety, disconnect the negative lead from the battery prior to begin-

ning the installation.

2. Never run wires underneath the vehicle. Running the wires inside the

vehicle provides the best protection.

3. Avoid running wires over or through sharp edges. Use rubber or plastic

grommets to protect any wires routed through metal.

4. Mount the speakers/crossovers away from electrical sources (other than

the amplifier) i.e., power cables, electronic fuel pumps, vehicle com­puters, and other potential noise sources.

5. Mount the speakers/crossovers away from areas of extreme heat or

moisture.

Speakers

1. Make sure there is an area large enough of the speaker to mount.

Warning! Failure to do this can cause damage to the speaker if the
speaker frame is bent during installation.

2. Check to see that the location is deep enough for the speaker(s) and the

location does not interfere with the normal operation of the vehicle.

3. When mounting the speaker(s) in the door of a vehicle, make sure the

speaker(s) do not interfere with either the door or window operation.

4. When mounting the speaker(s) on the rear deck of the vehicle, check

the operation of the rear hatch or trunk lid. Make sure the torsion bars
and other moving parts are not obstructed by the speaker(s) installation.

• Please refer to the Specifications section of this manual for proper

mounting diameter and depth of the speaker(s).

Crossovers

1. Make sure there is a flat area large enough for the crossover to mount.

2. For best results, mount the crossover(s) next to the amplifier for a deco-

rative finish to the installation and provide an easy upgrade (no new
wires to run) for a bi-amp Rockford Fosgate system in the future.

– 4 –

MOUNTING LOCATION

A solid front stage with a good image is one of the most difficult tasks to
achieve in a vehicle. No car has the optimum listening environment. This
makes proper sound staging very difficult to accomplish. Most speakers
tend to be placed where they will fit easily, as opposed to where they can
perform the best. The mounting location of your speakers will have a great
effect on the sound quality of your stereo system. The special care taken to
place the speakers will yield many hours of listening enjoyment in return.
Several important recommendations should be followed.

• Place the speakers where they have a direct path to the listening area.

• For the best integration between the

midrange and tweeter, the tweeter should
be placed less than 2" from the midrange.
(Figure 1)

• If you cannot place the tweeter less than 2"

from the midrange, then place the tweeter
more than 7" from the midrange. Placing
the tweeter 2"-7" from the midrange can
cause destructive interference (frequency
response problems) which will affect the
speaker's ability to reproduce the frequency
range around the crossover frequency of the
system.

• Whenever possible, place the tweeter directly above or below the

midrange as this maximizes the imaging (point source) capability of the
speakers. (Figure 2)

Figure 1

2" or less

Figure 2-A Figure 2-B

– 5 –

• Sound radiated from a “point source” has the most optimum stereo
imaging because the separation of the acoustical centers between the
midrange and tweeter for each channel is at the optimum. Figure 2-A
describes a horizontal speaker alignment. In a closed environment such
as an automobile, horizontal speaker alignment can cause severe
amplitude and phase differences which will degrade not only the imag­ing, but also the frequency response. This is due to the path length dif­ferences between the midrange and tweeter. Figure 2-B displays a verti­cal alignment between the midrange and tweeter. With a vertical align­ment, the path length difference between the midrange and tweeter are
reduced to a minimum. The result is a negligible difference in path
lengths between the midrange and tweeter regardless of the proximity
of the listener to the speakers. Mounting the speaker with minimum
path length difference will ensure the best staging and imaging possible
from your audio system.

INSTALLATION

Mounting the Midrange

1. Cut the proper size hole for the midrange/woofer (refer to the specifica-

tions page for mounting diameter dimensions)

2. Place the midrange over the mounting hole and mark the location of

the screw mounting holes.

3. Remove the midrange. Drill the holes for the screws using a 1/8" drill

bit.

4. Route the wire through the hole.

5. Attach the wires and be sure to observe the proper speaker polarity.

6. Place the speaker into the hole and screw the speaker into place. Be

careful not to bend the speaker frame during this step.

7. Press the speaker grille into the mounting ring.

– 6 –

Flush Mount Tweeter

Tweeter

Surface Mount Tweeter

Trim
Ring

Back
Plate

Flush
Housing

Tweeter Trim

Ring

Back
Plate

Surface
Housing

Wedge Mount Tweeter

Tweeter Wedge

Housing

80Hz 500µF
100Hz 400µF
130Hz 300µF
200Hz 200µF
260Hz 150µF
400Hz 100µF

– 7 –

Negative (Black Wire)

Positive (Black/White Stripe Wire)

Midrange Negative

Tweeter Negative

Tweeter Positive

Midrange Positive

–

+

(One channel of amplifier)

+

–

+

–

+

–

(striped wir

e

Crossover Connections

High-Passing the Midrange

The fanaticP Component Systems are optimized for full range
music reproduction. In cases where a subwoofer is used, the
midrange can be high-passed in order to prevent overlapping
frequncies from the midrange into the subwoofer.

1. Determine the frequency range that the subwoofer will
play (i.e.: 20Hz-80Hz).

2. Use the low-pass crossover frequency of the subwoofer
system (i.e.: 80Hz) as the high-pass crossover frequency for
the midrange.

3. Select the appropriate capacitor value (i.e.: 500µF) ro prop­erly high-pass the midrange.

4. Place the capacitor in series with the "+" terminal of the
speaker.

Midrange Negative

Midrange Positive

+
–

C1

Frequency

(Hertz)

Speaker

(4 ohms)

C1

– 8 –

TROUBLESHOOTING

Check wiring and repair or
replace as needed.

Distorted sound
from speakers

Tweeters “burn
up” easily

Engine noise
from one or
more speakers

Check for shorts in the
wiring with a volt/ohm
meter and repair or
replace wires as needed.

Re-route speaker wiring
away from noise sources.
(Refer to the Installation
Considerations section of
this manual.)

Move crossovers away
from noise sources. (Refer
to the Installation
Considerations section of
this manual.)

Speaker wires shorted
to chassis of vehicle.

Speaker wires are rout­ed near radiated noise
source. (Power cables,
vehicle computers, etc.)

Crossover is mounted
near radiated noise
source. (Power cables,
vehicle computers, etc.)

Symptom Diagnosis Remedy

No sound from
speakers

Check and repair or
replace wiring as needed.

Check system with known
working amplifier and re­pair or replace as needed.

Check for shorts in the wir­ing with a volt/ohm meter
and repair or replace wires
as needed

Check system with known
working speaker and repair
or replace as needed.

Wires between amplifi­er, crossover or speak­ers not connected
properly.

Amplifier has no output.

Speaker wires are
shorted to each other
or to the chassis of the
vehicle.

Speakers are blown.

Excessive power from
amplifier

Equalizer in system (if
available) has exces­sive boost in the high
frequency range

Check gain settings on
amplifier and readjust as
necessary

Check settings on equalizer
and readjust as necessary

Incorrect wiring be­tween crossover and
speakers

– 9 –

SPECIFICATIONS

* Power Ratings (PE) is established with recommended filter network

Model FNP2401

Nominal Diameter 3/4" (20mm)
Nominal Impedance 4Ω
Frequency Response 2.8kHz-20kHz
Fs 2.8kHz
Sensitivity 91dB
RMS Power Handling 50 Watts*
Mounting Diameter See drawings
Mounting Depth See drawings

Model FNP242x

Crossover Type 2-Way
Crossover Frequency 6.3kHz @ 4Ω
Crossover Slope 18dB/octave High-Pass

Full-Range Low-Pass
Filter Q 0.707 (Butterworth)
Tweeter Protection Optical Compression
Dimensions See drawings

System Model Number FNP1414 FNP1514 FNP1614F FNP1614

Midrange Model Number FNP1404 FNP1405 FNP1406F FNP1406
Nominal Diameter 4" 5

1

⁄4"

6" 61⁄2"
Nominal Impedance 4Ω 4Ω 4Ω 4Ω
Frequency Response 100Hz-8kHz 60Hz-6kHz 61Hz-6kHz 55Hz-5kHz
Fs (Hz) 100Hz 60Hz 61Hz 55Hz
Qes .907 .705 .701 .926
Qms 3.372 2.896 2.58 3.558
Qts .715 .567 .551 .733
Vas (ft

3

/liter) .078/2.2 .29/8.1 .335/9.5 .59/16.7
Xmax (in/mm) .09/2.4 .11/2.9 .11/2.9 .11/2.9
Sensitivity 84.9dB 86.4dB 86.8dB 87.1dB
RMS Power Handling 50 Watts 50 Watts 50 Watts 50 Watts
Mounting Diameter 90.48mm 113.50mm 127mm 139.06mm

(3

9

⁄16") (415⁄32") (5") (51⁄2")

M

ounting Depth 48mm (129⁄32") 60mm (23⁄8") 61mm (213⁄32") 63mm (21⁄2")

(Specifications are subject to change without notice)

– 10 –

LIMITED WARRANTY INFORMATION

Rockford Corporation offers a limited warranty on Rockford Fosgate products on
the following terms:

• Length of Warranty

1 year on speakers 30 days on speaker B-stock (receipt required)
3 years on electronics 90 days on electronic B-stock (receipt required)
2 years on source units

• What is Covered

This warranty applies only to Rockford Fosgate products sold to consumers by
Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealers in the United States of America or its pos­sessions. Product purchased by consumers from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate
Dealer in another country are covered only by that country’s Distributor and not
by Rockford Corporation.

• Who is Covered

This warranty covers only the original purchaser of Rockford product purchased
from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer in the United States. In order to
receive service, the purchaser must provide Rockford with a copy of the receipt
stating the customer name, dealer name, product purchased and date of pur­chase.

• Products found to be defective during the warranty period will be repaired or
replaced (with a product deemed to be equivalent) at Rockford's discretion.

• What is Not Covered

1. Damage caused by accident, abuse, improper operations, water, theft

2. Any cost or expense related to the removal or reinstallation of product

3. Service performed by anyone other than Rockford or an Authorized Rockford

Fosgate Service Center

4. Any product which has had the serial number defaced, altered, or removed

5. Subsequent damage to other components

6. Any product purchased outside the U.S.

7. Any product not purchased from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer

• Limit on Implied Warranties

Any implied warranties including warranties of fitness for use and merchantabil­ity are limited in duration to the period of the express warranty set forth above.
Some states do not allow limitations on the length of an implied warranty, so this
limitation may not apply . No person is authorized to assume for Rockford Fosgate
any other liability in connection with the sale of the product.

• How to Obtain Service

Please call 1-800-669-9899 for Rockford Customer Service. You must obtain an
RA# (Return Authorization number) to return any product to Rockford Fosgate.
You are responsible for shipment of product to Rockford.

Ship to: Electronics
Rockford Corporation
Warranty Repair Department
2055 E. 5th Street
Tempe, AZ 85281
RA#:_________________

Ship to: Speakers
Rockford Acoustic Design
(Receiving-speakers)
609 Myrtle N.W.
Grand Rapids, MI 49504
RA#:_________________

– 11 –

International

Information

– 12 –

1. Corte el agujero para el medio/woofer.

2. Use los anillos de midrange como plantilla. Marque la posición de los
tornills de anclaje.

3. Quite el anillo y perfore los agujeros con una broca de 1/8".

4. Pase el cable de altavoz a través del agujero.

5. Conecte los cables observando la polaridad. Mantenga los cables aleja­dos pe partes móviles o cortantes.

6. Asegure el altavoz en la abertura con los tornillos. Tenga la precaución

LEA DETENIDAMENTE LAS SIGUIENTES INSTRUCCIONES DE INSTA­LACIÓN DEL PRODUCTO.

INTRODUCCIÓN

Este manual contiene información sobre la construcción, installación y fun­cionamiento de los sistemas Fanatic X. Le recomendamos que conserve el
manual para futuras consultas.

Es preferible que la instalación de sistema Fanatic X sea realizada por un
distribuidor autorizado Rockford Fosgate. Si prefiere realizar la instalación
usted mismo, asegurese de leer el manual en su totalidad antes de comen­zar.

MONTAJE

• Le mejor interacción entre tweeter y
medio se consigue si no están separados
entre si más de 5 cenimetros. (Figura 1)

INSTALACIÓN

Montaje del altavoz de medios

no superior a 5cm

Figura 1

– 13 –

de no doblar el marco del altavoz en este proceso.

7. Presione la rejilla en el anillo de montaje.

Español

Negativo (cable Negro)

Positivo (cable Negro con
raya Blanca

Negativo de Mediorango

Negativo T weeter

Positivo de Agudo

Positivo de Mediorango

–

+

(Un canal del amplificador

+

–

+

–

+

–

– 14 –

VEUILLEZ LIRE LES INSTRUCITONS SUIVANTES POUR L'INSTALLATION
DE CES PRODUITS.

INTRODUCTION

Ce manuel contient des informations sur les caractéristiques et l'installation
des systèmes Fanatic X. Nous vous proposons de garder ce manuel pour
toute référence future.

Nous vous recommandons vivement de faire installaer votre système punch
Fanatic Q par un dealer agréé Rockford Fosgate. Si vous choisissez d'in­staller le système vous même, assurez-vous de lire ce manuel entièrement
avant de commencer.

EMPLACEMENT DE MONTAGE

• Pour bénéficier d'une harmonie maximum
entre le médium et l'aigu l'éloignement
entre ces deux haut-parleurs devrait être
de moins de 5 cm entre les 2 chassis.
(Figure 1)

INSTALLATION

Montage du haut-parleur médium

1. Découper un trou adapté au haut-parleur médium/woofer.

2. Placer médium/woofer sur le trou et repérer l'emplamcement des trous
des vis.

3. Percer les trous des vis en utilisant une mèche de 3mm.

4. Faire passer les fils dans le trou central.

5. Connecter les fils au haut-parleur en respectant les polarités. Eloigner les
fils de toute partie tranchante ou mobile du véhicule.

moins de 5cm

Figure 1

– 15 –

6. Placer le haut-parleur au-dussus du trou central. Visser le haut-parleur
dans son emplacement. Faire attention à ne pas tordre le chassis du haut­parleur durant cette étape de montage.

7. Mettre la grille dans l'anneau de montage.

Négatif (câble noire)

Positif (câble noire rayé de blanc)

Négatif du médium

Négatif de l’aigu

Positif de l’aigu

Positif du médium

–

+

(Un canal de l’amplificateur)

+

–

+

–

+

–

Français

– 16 –

DIE FOLGENDE BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG SOLL IHNEN BEIM EINBAU
EINE HILFESTELLUNG GEBEN.

ENLEITUNG

Diese Bedienungsanleitung enthält Informationen für den Gebrauch und
Einbau des Fanatic Q Systems. Wir empfehlen, diese auch für Fragen in der
Zukunft sorgfältig aufzubewahren.

Es ist empfehlenswert, sich das Fanatic Q System von einem Autorisierten
Rockford Fosgate Fachhändler einbauen zu lassen. Sollten Sie den Einbau
jedoch selber vornehmen wollen, so empfehlen wir Ihnen, die
Bedienungsanleitung sorgfälitg zu lesen.

EINBAUORT

• Für das optimale Zusammenspiel von
Mittel- und Hochtöner, sollte der
Hochtöner niemals weiter als 5cm vorn
Mitteltöner entfernt montiert werden.
(Abb. 1)

EINBAU

Montage des Mitteltöners

Abstand max. 5cm

(Abb. 1)

1. Schneiden Sie die richtige Lochgröbe für den Mitteltöner oder Midbab
aus.

2. Setzen Sie den Mitteltöner auf das Loch und markieren Sie die Löcher für
die Schrauben.

3. Nehmen Sie den Mitteltöner wieder ab und bohren Sie dann, mit einem
passenden Bohrer, die Schraubenlöcher vor.

4. Führen Sie das Kabel durch das Loch.

– 17 –

5. Schlieben Sie die Lautsprecherkabel an. Kontrollieren Sie, ob die
Polarität stimmt. Stellen Sie sicher, dab das Lautsprecherkabel an keinen
scharfen oder sich bewegenden Teilen anliegt.

6. Plazieren Sie den Lautsprecher im Loch und befestigen Sie diesen. Seien
Sie dabei sehr vorsichtig, so dab sich der Lautsprecherkorb nicht
verzieht.

7. Drücken Sie das Lautsprechergitter im Montagering fest.

Minus (Schwarzes Kabel))

Plus (Schwarz/Weiβ
gestreiftes Kabel)

Mitteltöner Minus

Hochtöner Minus

Hochtöner Plus

Mitteltöner Plus

–

+

(Ein Kanal des Verstärkers)

+

–

+

–

+

–

Deutsch

– 18 –

LEGGERE LE ISTRUZIONI SEGUENTI PRIMA DELL'INSTALLAZIONE DEL
PRODOTTO.

INTRODUZIONE

Questo manuale fornisce informazioni sulle caratteristiche e sul instal­lazione dei sistemi Fanatic Q. Vi suggeriamo di conservare questo manuale
come riferimento futuro.

Raccomandiamo fortemente che is sistema sia installato dal vostro rivendi­tore Rockford Fosgate. Se scegliete di procedere con l'installazione da soli,
leggete attentamente tutto il manuale prima di proseguire.

POSIZIONAMENTO

• Per ottenere la miglior integrazione tra

tweeter e midrange, vi suggeriamo di
posizionare i due componenti a meno di 5
cm tra loro. (Figura 1)

INSTALLAZIONE

Installazione del Midrange

1. Practicate un foro del diametro corretto per il midrange/woofer.

2. Posizionate del midrange sul foro e segnate la posizione delle viti.

3. Togliete midrange e forate il pannello con una puna da 3mm.

4. Passate i cavi attraverso il foro.

5. Collegate i cave assicurandovi di osservare la corretta polarità.
Assicuratevi di mantenere i cavi lontano da parti in movimento o strut­ture taglienti.

meno di 5 cm

Figura 1

– 19 –

6. Posizionate l'altoparlante nel foro ed avvitatelo. Assicuratevi di non pie­gare il cestello dell'altoparlante.

7. Incastrate la griglia sull'anello di fissaggio.

Negativo (cavo nero)

Positivo (cavo nero/bianco)

Negativo Midrange

Negativo T weeter

Positivo Tweeter

Positivo Midrange

–

+

(Un canale dell’amplificatore)

+

–

+

–

+

–

Italiano

Rockford Fosgate

Rockford Corporation

546 South Rockford Drive

Tempe, Arizona 85281 U.S.A.

In U.S.A., [phone]

In Europe, Fax [phone]

In Japan, Fax [phone]

www.rockfordfosgate.com

2/2000 E.W.R.
LIT10827

MADE IN THE USA

This product is designed,developed and assembled in the

USA by a dedicated group of American workers. The majority

of the components used in the construction of this product

are produced by American companies. However, due to the

global nature of their manufacturing facilities and the loud-

speaker parts industry in general, some par ts may be manu-

factured in other countries.