Rheem 55027500, 55127507 Service Instructions Manual

Page 1
This document is stored and maintained electronically by Service. All printed copies not bearing this statement in RED are deemed “uncontrolled”.
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SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
Air Sourced Heat Pump
TM017
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550275 551275
Page 2
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
This document is stored and maintained electronically by
Service. All printed copies not bearing this statement in RED are deemed “uncontrolled”.
1
Contents
Safety Warning....................................................................................................................2
Introduction..........................................................................................................................2
Specifications.......................................................................................................................3
Preventative Maintenance ...................................................................................................3
Operation.............................................................................................................................4
Refrigeration Terms and their Meaning................................................................................5
Components and their Function...........................................................................................5
Common Faults ...................................................................................................................6
Product Changes.................................................................................................................8
Wiring Diagrams..................................................................................................................8
Refrigeration Sealed System Diagrams.............................................................................10
Performance Graph...........................................................................................................11
Fault Finding......................................................................................................................12
550275 Power Supply Fault Finding - Chart 1...................................................................13
Thermostat Circuit Fault Finding - Chart 1.1......................................................................14
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.2.....................................................................18
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.3.....................................................................19
Refrigerant Charge ............................................................................................................20
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.4 & 2.2...........................................................21
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 2........................................................................22
De-ice Thermostat Fault Finding - Chart 2.3......................................................................24
Evaporator Thermostat Fault Finding - Chart 2.4...............................................................24
Insufficient Hot Water - Chart 3..........................................................................................25
Insufficient Hot Water - Chart 3.1.......................................................................................26
Leaking Water Heater - Chart 4.........................................................................................27
Noisy Water Heater - Chart 5.............................................................................................28
Electrical Insulation Test - Chart 6.....................................................................................29
Electrical Insulation Testing............................................................................................30
551275 Power Supply Fault Finding - Chart 7...................................................................31
551275 Booster Circuit Fault Finding - Chart 8..................................................................33
Component Replacement Procedures - Water Heater ......................................................36
Component Replacement Procedures - Refrigeration Plant..............................................38
Exploded View - Refrigeration Plant - 550 Series..............................................................46
Replacement Parts List..................................................................................................46
Exploded View - Refrigeration Plant - 551 Series..............................................................47
Replacement Parts List..................................................................................................47
Exploded View - Water Heater - 550 Series ......................................................................48
Replacement Parts List..................................................................................................48
Exploded View - Water Heater - 551 Series ......................................................................49
551 Series Replacement Parts List................................................................................50
Rheem Electric Water Heater Warranty - (Australia Only).................................................51
Document Revision History................................................................................................52
Page 3
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Service. All printed copies not bearing this statement in RED are deemed “uncontrolled”.
2
Safety Warning
The purpose of this Service Manual is to provide sufficient information to allow a person with the skills as required by the controlling Regulatory Authorities to carry out effective repairs to a Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Water Heater in the minimum of time.
Safety precautions or areas where extra care should be observed when conducting tests outlined in this manual are indicated by print in bold italics and/or a warning symbol. Take care to observe the recommended procedure.
Certain diagnostic procedures outlined in these service instructions require “live” testing to be conducted. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be worn when conducting these tests to prevent the risk of electric shock. (Refer to the Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing)
R22 and R409A are controlled substances under the fair trading act. Personnel qualified and licensed to work with refrigerants may only carry out service and repair to the sealed refrigeration system. During repair the
refrigerant must be recovered, not vented to atmosphere.
Environmental
At the end of the service life of a Rheem heat pump the refrigerant must be recovered by personnel qualified and licensed to work with refrigerants prior to the unit being disposed of. Refrigerants must not be vented to
atmosphere.
Introduction
The information provided in these instructions is based on the water heater being installed in accordance with the Installation Instructions provided with each water heater.
Should you require further technical advice on a Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Water Heater, contact your nearest Rheem Service Department where all genuine replacement parts are also available.
Heater Model Identification
All identification numbers are designed to convey detailed information about the water heater to which it is attached. The model number consists of 8 digits.
5 5 0 275 0 0 5 – Renewable Energy Model
5 – Air Sourced 9 – Solar Sourced
0 – No Heating Units 1 – Booster Element
Storage Capacity in Litres No Reference – System Requirement 0 – Element Not fitted
5 – 2400 watts 7 – 3600 watts
Note: Model number, serial number and date of manufacture should be quoted in all correspondence.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Specifications Water Heater
Model 55027500 55127507
Capacity - Litres 275 275 Boost Capacity - Litres 0 130 Booster element rating - kW Not fitted 2.4 or 3.6 T&PR valve Rating - kPa 1000 1000
With ECV 680 680
Maximum inlet pressure - kPa
Without ECV 800 800 Inlet / Outlet RP¾/20 RP¾/20
Water Connections
T&PR RP½/15 RP½/15 Quantity 2 2
Anode
Length 1153 1153 Compressor t/stat setting (fixed) - ºC 49ºC* 55ºC* Booster thermostat setting (trade adjustable) - ºC Not fitted 60ºC Booster ECO setting - ºC N/A 85ºC *Delivered water temperature 65-75ºC
Refrigeration System
Parameter 55027500 55127507
Superheat setting (Factory) +3ºC at 10ºC Evaporator temp. Compressor ECO setting 105ºC, manual reset
R22 1350 grams
Refrigerant charge
R409A 1250 grams Bypass solenoid coil resistance 2 kilo-ohms @ 20ºC Not fitted Capacitor 25 microfarads 370/450 VAC 50/60HZ Fan motor winding resistance 47.2 ohms at 20ºC
Closed –3.5ºC
De-ice thermostat
Open 3ºC +/- 1.5ºC
Not fitted
Closed 7ºC +/- 1.5ºC
Evaporator thermostat Not fitted
Open –3.5ºC evap temp
Compressor winding resistance
Run winding - Red & Blue: 3.33 ohms Start winding - Red & Black: 6.01 ohms at 20ºC
Preventative Maintenance
It is suggested for peak performance that the water heater be serviced annually.
1. Check for discharge from the T&PR valve. When the elements are operating a small
discharge of water may be evident. Operate the valve-easing lever to ensure the valve opens and resets properly. Always open and close the valve gently. The T& PR valve should be replaced at 5 yearly intervals.
2. Check for leaks at all cylinder fittings.
3. Check for signs of excessive corrosion on the water heater jacket.
4. Isolate power to the water heater and check all electrical connections for signs of
overheating due to poor connection.
5. Conduct an
'Electrical insulation test' on the water heater. (Refer to page 30)
6. Check evaporator fins and fan blade for build up of dust or debris.
7. Check for sludge build up and if necessary drain and flush tank.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Operation
Normal Operation
The 550 and 551 series heat pump water heaters utilise either R22 or R409A refrigerant to transfer heat from the atmosphere to the water stored in the cylinder.
When the compressor thermostat contacts close the compressor and evaporator fan motor commence operation. The action of the compressor creates a pressure difference that causes the refrigerant to circulate through the sealed refrigeration system.
The refrigerant enters the evaporator as a liquid, as heat is absorbed from the atmosphere by the refrigerant it changes state, at low pressure, from a sub cooled liquid to a super heated vapour or gas (evaporates). The vapour then enters the compressor and obtains more heat, known as heat of compression, and passes into the spiral condenser (heat exchanger) as a super heated vapour at high pressure.
The spiral condenser (heat exchanger) is fixed in close contact to the inner wall of a tube fitted in the centre of the cylinder. As the refrigerant passes through the condenser it gives off heat to the cylinder surface, which is absorbed by the water. As the refrigerant gives off heat it cools and changes state back into a liquid (condenses). The refrigerant then enters the evaporator again and the cycle is repeated.
A metering device, called a TX valve, is positioned between the condenser and evaporator to control, or meter the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator. The TX valve senses the temperature of the suction line and automatically meters the flow of refrigerant based on the detected temperature.
Defrost Operation
At low ambient air temperatures, typically below 10ºC, it is possible for the evaporator to freeze.
55027500
If an evaporator surface temperature of –3.5ºC is detected a thermostat, called the de-ice thermostat, activates a bypass solenoid. This solenoid allows a proportion of super heated vapour from the compressor to bypass the condenser and directly enter the evaporator assisting the evaporator to defrost. The De-ice thermostat opens at 3 degrees, which causes the solenoid to close cutting of the supply of super heated vapour to the bypass pipe, at this point normal heat pump operation is resumed.
55127507
If an evaporator surface temperature of –3.5ºC is detected a thermostat, called the evaporator thermostat, cuts power to the compressor and evaporator fan and activates the booster element. The booster element is controlled by a Robertshaw thermostat and will provide 130L of hot water. During this period the evaporator will naturally defrost. The evaporator thermostat opens at 7 degrees, cutting power to the booster element and reactivating the compressor and evaporator fan motor, at this point normal heat pump operation is resumed.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Refrigeration Terms and their Meaning Sub Cooled Liquid – A substance below its saturation temperature at a given pressure.
Super Heated Vapour – A substance above its boiling point at a given pressure. Saturated Vapour – A substance at its boiling point at a given pressure. Latent Heat – Hidden (invisible) heat removed or added to a substance that results in a
change of state (i.e. liquid to a vapour) without an increase or decrease in temperature. Heat of Compression – The additional heat added to a substance by the act of
compressing it. Low Side – Components and pipe work of a refrigeration system operating at low
pressure, generally considered to be the evaporator, suction line and accumulator. High Side – Components and pipe work of a refrigeration system operating at high
pressure, generally considered to be the condenser, discharge line, liquid receiver/filter drier and compressor case where a rotary compressor is utilized.
Boil Off – The action of a substance as it absorbs heat and changes state (evaporates) from a liquid to a vapour (gas).
Give Up Heat – The action of a substance as it releases heat and changes state (condenses) from a vapour (gas) to a liquid.
Components and their Function Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve - A valve designed to provide automatic relief by
discharging water in case of excessive temperature, pressure or both.
Never fit a T&PR Valve with a pressure rating greater than that indicated on
the product-rating label.
Pressure Limiting Valve (P.L.V.) - A valve that controls its outlet pressure to a predetermined limit.
Outlet Delivery Tube (Dip Tube) - A plastic tube installed in the hot water outlet of the water heater cylinder to conduct water from the highest point to the outlet connection. It also acts as a fitting liner.
Diffuser - A plastic device installed in the cold water inlet of the water heater cylinder to assist with stratification. It also acts as a fitting liner.
Fitting Liner - A plastic tube installed in the cold-water inlet of the water heater to provide protection against corrosion through the life of the water heater.
Anode (Sacrificial) - A metal alloy electrode installed in the water heater cylinder that by galvanic action protects the cylinder from corrosion.
Thermostat - A device responsive to temperature that controls the supply of electrical energy to the compressor, which results in the stored water being maintained at the required temperature.
De-Ice Thermostat - A device responsive to temperature that controls a solenoid to perform de-icing of the evaporator in cold weather.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Evaporator Thermostat - A device responsive to temperature that controls the active supply between the compressor circuit and the booster element circuit.
Compressor - An electro-mechanical device that adds heats to the refrigerant by compressing it, known as “heat of compression” the resulting increase in refrigerant temperature increases its pressure and causes the refrigerant to circulate through the system.
Evaporator - A finned copper coil mounted on top of the water heater. The refrigerant enters as a liquid, as it passes through the coil it absorbs heat from the surrounding atmosphere and “boils off” (evaporates) to a gas.
Condenser - A copper coil soldered to the cylinder wall. The refrigerant enters as a gas, as it passes through the coil it transfers (“gives up”) the heat absorbed via the evaporator to the stored water, during this process the refrigerant cools and changes state (condenses) back to a liquid.
Receiver Filter Drier - This device, fitted between the condenser and thermal expansion (TX) valve, receives and stores liquid refrigerant from the condenser for delivery to the evaporator. The receiver also incorporates a filter and drier to trap impurities and remove moisture from the sealed refrigeration system
Accumulator - This device, fitted in the suction line prior to the compressor, is designed to accumulate and prevent liquid refrigerant from entering and damaging the compressor. Any liquid refrigerant is evaporated or “boiled off” and converted to a vapour by the accumulator.
Thermal Expansion (TX) Valve - A valve, installed between the condenser and evaporator, that controls (meters) the amount of refrigerant delivered to the evaporator. The TX valve has an external temperature sensor fitted to the suction line and increases or decreases the refrigerant flow to the evaporator depending on the detected suction line temperature.
Thermal Cut Out (Overload) - A manual reset temperature sensitive device that automatically cuts off the supply of electrical energy to the compressor or boosted element.
Heating Unit (Element) - A tubular device containing an electric resistance element that converts electrical energy to heat. Standard element ratings are 2.4 and 3.6kW.
Common Faults
When a complaint is lodged about the performance of a hot water system there are a number of causes that should be checked and eliminated. In an attempt to pinpoint the most likely cause it is important to discuss with the customer their reasons for the complaint, the duration of the problem, any change in circumstances or usage and recent weather conditions. This information in conjunction with the following listed common complaints will assist you in locating the most likely cause. All procedures assume there is water flowing through the water heater.
Discoloured water - This may be the result of discoloured water entering from the cold water mains. Check if the cold water is also discoloured.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Excessive hot water usage - The complaints of insufficient hot water and no hot water can on many occasions be attributed to hot water usage exceeding the capacity of the water heater to provide hot water. When first attending a call of this nature it is essential to establish the probable hot water usage by querying the usage habits of the household and compare this with the potential delivery of the model water heater installed. It can then be established if the usage is within or outside the capacity of the model. The areas to look at for excessive usage are:
1. Automatic washing machines.
2. Showers exceeding 12 litres/minute for mixed water and 5 minutes in duration.
3. Two or more showers operating at the same time.
4. Change of occupancy or number of persons increased.
5. High water pressure area. (Excessive pressure relief valve discharge)
6. Plumbing leaks
7. Crossed connection Water hammer - A water heater will not cause water hammer, however valves associated
with the water heater may be the source of the problem i.e. cold-water stopcock, non­return valve or relief valve.
Most water hammer problems are associated with plumbing, hot and cold or appliances i.e. solenoid valves, ballcocks, loose pipes, sharp angles in pipe work, faulty or worn valve parts, loose tap washers or neighbouring equipment.
High water pressure areas will have more complaints of this nature and the use of a pressure-limiting valve (PLV) to reduce the household cold-water pressure will usually solve most problems.
Hot water plumbing leaks - If hot water has not been used for a period of time, feeling the temperature of the hot water line may give an indication of water flow if the pipe is warm. The method of checking for plumbing leaks is:
1. Turn off the stopcock on the cold water supply to the water heater.
2. Open a hot tap to ensure the flow of water stops. This will confirm the stopcock is
operating correctly.
3. Turn off the hot tap.
4. Turn on the stopcock to make up the water pressure in the cylinder, and then turn the
stopcock off again.
5. Wait approximately 5 minutes then do either of the following:
a. With your ear close to the stopcock turn it on slightly and listen for any water
passing. If there are no leaks, water should not pass.
b. Open a hot tap while listening for any pressure release. If there is a pressure
release there will be no leaks in the plumbing system.
Mixing or crossed connections - If an automatic dishwasher, washing machine, flick mixer tap, tempering valve or thermostatic mixing valve is installed there is always the possibility that the cold water could mix with the hot water through a faulty or incorrectly installed valve. This is referred to as a cross connection. The complaints of insufficient hot water, water too cold or excessive discharge from the pressure relief valve may be attributed to a cross connection. The method of checking for a cross connection is:
1. Turn off the stopcock on the cold water supply to the water heater.
2. Open a hot tap. If water flow is persistent and cold a cross connection exists.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Product Changes Refrigerant Conversions
Some 550 and 551 Series Heat Pumps have had problems with the condenser bonding causing excessive head pressure and tripping of the compressor ECO.
This problem may be rectified by replacing the R22 refrigerant with R409A refrigerant. Two kits are available to carry out the conversion (refer to technical bulletin TB04-014 and Procedure 20 of this manual).
Prior to replacing the refrigerant it will be necessary to determine the current operating head pressure of the refrigeration system with R22, if the head pressure exceeds 3400kPa the system is not suitable for conversion to R409A and the Heat Pump will need to be replaced.
551 Series
In August 2004 a number of changes were made to the 551 Series Heat Pump. In order to identify the change an additional service model number label is positioned adjacent to the Heat Pump rating label. All heaters with a suffix of ‘A’ are affected by the changes detailed below.
Robertshaw Thermostat: The EWT1L2-522 thermostat (part number 051333) which controlled the booster element only, is replaced with a Robertshaw EWT1A1-2 thermostat (part number 051347) which controls both the booster element and compressor operation.
Derwent Thermostat: The Derwent 52°C single pole thermostat (part number 051337) which controlled the compressor operation is replaced with a Derwent 85°C double pole thermostat which is now the over temperature cut out for the element
Refrigerant: R409A refrigerant used in place of R22 TX Valve: The TX valve (part number 180003) is replaced by one suitable for use with
R409A (part number 180024)
Wiring Diagrams
55027500
Page 10
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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9
55127507 (Manufactured before August 2004)
55127507/A (Manufactured after August 2004)
Page 11
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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10
Refrigeration Sealed System Diagrams
55027500
55127507
Page 12
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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11
Performance Graph
Rheem Heat Pump
Recovery Rate (L/h) @ 45°C Rise
50
55
60
65
70
75
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Air Temperature
Litres
Fault Finding Flow Chart Table
Fault Chart Number Page
1 13
1.1 14
1.2 18
1.3 19
1.4 21 7 31
Compressor not
running
8 33
1.5 18 2 22
2.1 14
2.2 21
2.3 24
No Hot Water
Compressor
running
2.4
24
3 25
Insufficient hot water
3.1 26
Leaking water heater 4 27 Noisy water heater 5 28 Blowing fuse/circuit breaker 6 29
Page 13
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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12
Fault Finding
Fault Diagnosis
No
hot water?
Is
the compressor
running?
YES
2
YES
Model?NO
1
550275
7
551275
Insufficient hot water?
NO
3
YES
Leaking
water heater?
NO
4
YES
Noisy
water heater?
NO
5
YES
6
Blowing fuse/circuit breaker
Page 14
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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13
550275 Power Supply Fault Finding - Chart 1
1
Warning: Terminals may be ‘live’.
Personal Protective Equipment
should be worn
Is 240
volts present at
the terminal
block?
Test 1
1.1
YES
Is
the heater
connected to an
off peak
tariff?
NO
Off peak connection is unsuitable for Heat
Pump models. Connect to continuous tariff or
‘off peak 2’ if available
YES
Is
the isolating switch
turned off?
NO
Restore power and advise customerYES
Is the
fuse blown at the
switchboard?
NO
Fault in household electrical wiringNO
Reset circuit breaker
or rewire fuse
YES
Did
the fuse or
circuit breaker blow
again?
6
YES
1. Heat pump connected to mixed circuit, possible excessive current draw or another appliance with a fault
2. Faulty circuit breaker or fatigued fuse wire
3. Unit may be short cycling due to faulty thermostat
NO
Page 15
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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14
Thermostat Circuit Fault Finding - Chart 1.1
1.1
Is the
evaporator fan
running?
Test 3
Is the
resistance of
the fan motor
correct?
NO
YES
Replace thermostat
1.5
Test 2 - 550275 and 551275 Test 2A - 551275/A
NO
Are the
thermostat contacts
closed?
Isolate power
NO
2.1
Replace fan motor and reset
compressor over temperature
cut out
NO
YES
Is the
fan motor
seized?
YES
YES
Fault in electrical wiring
Locate and repair
NO
Is the
resistance of
the compressor
correct?
Test 4
Replace compressorNO
Is there
240 volts to the
compressor?
Test 6
Fault in electrical wiring
Locate and repair
NO
YES
Has
the capacitor
failed?
Test 5
Replace capacitor and reset
overload
YES
Has the
compressor overload
tripped?
Test 3A
NO
YES
1.2
YES
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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15
Component Tests 1 – 2A
Test 1
Warning – “Live” equipment Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when
conducting this test.
Using a multimeter set on the AC voltage scale, measure between active and neutral on the terminal block.
Normal voltage is 240 volts
Test 2
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
550275 & 551275
Disconnect one wire from the thermostat and using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure across the thermostat terminals.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm
Test 2A
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
551275/A
Disconnect the wire from the terminal 3L of the thermostat and using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure across terminals 3L and 4L.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm.
Page 17
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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Component Tests 3 - 4
Test 3
Ensure power is isolated before conducting these tests
Disconnect the active wire to the fan motor from terminal 5 of the terminal strip and using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between the fan motor active wire and neutral on the terminal strip.
Normal resistance is 47.2 ohms
Test 3A
Ensure power is isolated before conducting these tests
Compressor overload
Disconnect the wiring to the compressor overload
Using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure across the terminals.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm
Test 4
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Disconnect the active (red) wire to the compressor from terminal 5 of the terminal strip and using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between the red wire and blue wire (run winding) and between the red wire and black wire (start winding).
Normal resistance for the run winding is 3.33 ohms. Normal resistance for the start winding is 6.01 ohms when the compressor is cold.
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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17
Component Tests 5 & 6
Test 5
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Disconnect the wiring to the capacitor and using a multimeter set on the capacitance (uf) scale measure across the capacitor terminals.
Normal capacitance is 25uF
Test 6
Warning – “Live” equipment Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when
conducting this test.
Using a multimeter set on the AC volts scale, measure between terminal 5 and neutral on the terminal strip.
Normal voltage is 240 volts
Page 19
TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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18
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.2
1.2
Test 6
Is the
supply voltage
to the compressor
correct?
1.4
HIGH
Did
the overload trip
again?
Isolate power,
reset overload and
restore power
Advise customer to have
electrical fault rectified
NO
YES
Is the
head pressure
excessive?
Test 7
Check for high condensing temperature due to:
1. Controlling thermostat not cutting out
2. Restriction or blockage in system
3. Incorrect TX valve operation
4. 550 Series - Poor bonding of the condenser Refer to Technical Bulletin TB04-014 & Procedure 20 in this manual
YES
Is
the suction
pressure low/vacuum
or excessively
high?
NO
Test 8
Leak in refrigerant system
Locate and repair
Note: Failure of the condenser will require
complete water heater replacement
LOW
YES
1.3
Fit gauges to high
and low side of
system
NO
2.2
550275
551275
1.5
Is the
evaporator fan motor
operating?
YES
2.1
NO
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TM017 Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump Service Instructions REV: C Date of Issue: 5/11/05
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19
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.3
1.3
Fit pressure gauges
to high side of
refrigerant system
Is the
head pressure
excessive?
Test 7
Is the
compressor
siezed?
NO Replace the overloadNO
Replace the compressorYES
Allow time for the system
to equalize
Did
the system
equalize?
Locate blockage in refrigerant
system and repair
NO
Is the
system taking
too long to
equalize?
YES
2.2
1.4
NO 550275
551275
Possible restriction in system
Locate and repair
Possible system overcharge
Evacuate and recharge
TX Valve metering incorrectly
Adjust or replace TX valve
YES
Component Test 7
Warning – “Live” equipment Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting this test.
Fit gauges to the high side access valve and observe the discharge pressure. Nominal pressure should be as per the table below.
The average water temperature in the tank can be determined by adding the water temperature at the hot water outlet and the surface temperature of the cylinder at the thermostat and dividing the result by 2 i.e. 65+45=110 110/2 = 55.
See also pressure ratio / current table on page 20
Tank Average Water
Temp ºC
Indicative Discharge
Pressure Range (kPa) 30 1450 - 1550 40 1650 - 1750 45 1850 - 1950 50 2050 - 2150 55 2250 - 2350 60 2450 - 2550
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20
Component Test 8
Warning – “Live” equipment Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when
conducting this test.
Check for persistent air bubbles through sight glass of receiver/filter drier. Fit gauges to the low side access valve and observe the suction pressure. A suction pressure of less than 100kPa may indicate a refrigerant leak or a malfunctioning TX valve.
Refrigerant Charge
Pressure
Ratio
Current draw (Amps at
240VAC)
2.5 2.8 – 3.0
3.0 3.2 – 3.4
3.5 3.4 – 3.6
4.0 3.7 – 3.9
4.5 4.0 – 4.2
5.0 4.3 – 4.5
5.5 4.6 – 4.8
6.0 4.9 – 5.1
6.5 5.2 – 5.4
In addition to the average water temperature ­discharge pressure table, on page 19, measuring the compressor current draw is an alternative method to check the operation of the system. The compressor current draw is dependant on the pressure ratio of the suction and discharge lines. The table opposite details indicative current draw for a given pressure ration.
Pressure ratio = Discharge pressure (gauge) / Suction pressure (gauge)
7.0 5.4 – 5.6
Indication of correct refrigerant charge
The receiver/filter dryer sight glass should show clear liquid, a few small bubbles might be visible during initial start up of the system or when the TX valve opens quickly, however clear liquid should return shortly after. Compressor current draw and system pressures are within the normal range and temperatures should be consistent with system pressure.
Indication of undercharged system
Bubbles persist for a significant amount of time or repeat often. Compressor current draw is low together with low system pressures. If sight glass indicates clear gas, not liquid, and current draw is very low combined with low discharge line temperature then the system is totally empty. Note: Unusual current draw or low suction pressure can be a sign of other problems such as a blockage or malfunctioning TX valve.
Indication of overcharged system
Continuous liquid through sight glass, evaporator tends to flood, head pressure high, compressor current draw high and compressor noisy. Note: Unusual current draw or high head pressure can be a sign of other problems such as a blockage or malfunctioning TX valve.
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21
Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 1.4 & 2.2
1.4
Is the
bypass pipe
hot?
Test 9
Is the
TX valve
operating?
NO
Adjust TX valve or replace if
faulty
NO
Replace the compressor
YES
YES
Is the
de-ice thermostat
closed?
Replace de-ice thermostatYES
Is the
compressor
inefficient?
System overcharged
Adjust refrigerant charge
YES
2.2
YES
Replace bypass valveNO
Test 10
Component Test 9
Warning – “Live” equipment Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting this test.
Fit gauges to low side access valve. Remove the insulation from the TX valve sensor on the suction line.
Hold the sensor by hand to increase the heat detected by the sensor. The TX valve should open with the following results:
1. Flow of refrigerant through sight glass of receiver/filter dryer should increase.
2. Evaporator pressure should increase.
3. Suction line should become cooler.
Remove hand and replace insulation, the TX valve should close, resulting in the reversal of the above results.
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Refrigerant System Fault Finding - Chart 2
2
2.3
YES
Has the
supply of hot
water been recently
depleted?
Depending on the ambient temperature
the water heater may take 2 or 3 hours to
recover
YES
Is the
evaporator
frozen?
Is
the suction
pressure low/vacuum
or excessively
high?
Test 8
Leak in refrigerant system
Locate and repair
Note: Failure of the condenser will require
complete water heater replacement
LOW
YES
2.4
Fit gauges to high
and low side of
system
NO
2.2
550275
551275
HIGH
NO
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23
Component Tests 10 - 12
Test 10
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
550 Series only
Using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminal 5 and terminal 6 of the terminal strip.
Normal resistance should be open circuit when the evaporator temperature is above 3 degrees
Test 11
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
550 Series only
Using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminal 5 and terminal 6 of the terminal strip.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm when the evaporator temperature is below –3.5ºC degrees.
Test 12
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
550 Series only
Using a multimeter set on the x1000 resistance scale, measure between terminal 6 and neutral of the terminal strip.
Normal resistance is 2 kilo­ohms
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24
De-ice Thermostat Fault Finding - Chart 2.3
2.3
Are
the de-ice
thermostat contacts
closed?
Test 12
Is the
bypass solenoid
open circuit?
NO
YES
Remove obstruction or clear
evaporator
NO
YES
Is the
evaporator fan
running?
Replace de-ice thermostat
Is
the air flow
obstructed?
Long periods of cold weather
will result in poor recovery
performance
NO
2.1
YES
Replace bypass valve solenoid
YES
Test 11
Evaporator Thermostat Fault Finding - Chart 2.4
2.4
Is
the heat
pump in boost
mode?
Test 18
Does the
boost circuit
have the correct
resistance?
NO
YESYES
Replace evaporator thermostat
8
Test 13
3
NO
NOTE: While in boost mode the evaporator will defrost naturally, depending on the ice build up this may take several hours
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25
Insufficient Hot Water - Chart 3
3
YES
Is
the T&PR
valve continuously
discharging
water?
Existing pressure limiting valve
faulty
Fit pressure limiting valve if not
already fitted
Replace T&PR valve if required
Is the water temperature at the T&PR valve
60 degrees or
hotter?
Is
the heater of
sufficient capacity
for customers
needs?
Recommend a water heater of
sufficient capacity to meet needs
NO
YES
NO
2
NO
NO
Is the
heater connected
to an off peak
tariff?
YES
The Heat Pump is not suitable for
off peak connection. Connect to
continuous tariff or off peak 2 if
available
YES
Are
there any
plumbing leaks,
crossed connections
or dripping
taps?
NO
Repair leaks
Isolate cross connections
YES
Is a
tempering valve
fitted?
NO
YES
Is the
correct T&PR valve
fitted?
Replace T&PR valve with one of
the correct pressure rating
Do NOT use reconditioned
T&PR valves
NO
Check for crossed water
connection
Replace T&PR valve
YES
Is the
water pressure
more than 80% of the
T&PR valve
rating?
YES
NO
3.1
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26
Insufficient Hot Water - Chart 3.1
3.1
AS/NZS 3500 Part 4 only requ ires fixtures used for ablution purposes to be tempered. If practical a 2 zone plumbing solution may be offered.
NO
Tempering valves are generally set to
deliver water at 48 - 50 degrees
Depending on the length of pipe work and
insulation to the fixture(s), water
temperature can be lower due to heat loss
Normal Operation
Is the
outlet water
temp from the TLD
approx. 48
degrees?
YES
Clean or replaceYES
Are the filters blocked?
Refer to TLD manufacturers instructions
Replace Tempering ValveNO
Has there
been a recent
large draw off of hot
water?
Typically the hot inlet temperature to the
tempering valve must be 10 degrees higher
than the required outlet temperature.
Confirm a recent large draw off had not
depleted the hot water supply temperature
Advise customer to allow time for he ater to
recover
YES
NO
2 Zone Plumbing
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27
Leaking Water Heater - Chart 4
4
Is
the T&PR
valve continuously
discharging
water?
Existing pressure limiting valve
faulty
Fit pressure limiting valve if not
already fitted
Replace T&PR valve if required
Is the
leak from the
electrical access
cover?
NO
YES
NO
Is the
leak from
the element barrel
fitting?
YES
Check for loose element bolts
Remove element and replace gasket
NO
YES
Remove anode and repair leak
using Teflon thread tape
YES
Is the
correct T&PR valve
fitted?
Replace T&PR valve with one of
the correct pressure rating
Do NOT use reconditioned
T&PR valves
NO
Check for crossed water
connection
Replace T&PR valve
YES
Is the
water supply
pressure above
800kPa?
YES
NO
Is
the water leak
intermittent?
NO
Leak is probably condensate
draining from the evaporator
condensate tray
Normal Operation
YES
551275 ONLY
Are
the anode/s
leaking?
Inner Cylinder leaking
Check for hot spots on the jacket
Replace water heater
NO
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28
Noisy Water Heater - Chart 5
5
Fan loose on motor shaft Remove assembly and tighten Fan motor faulty - Replace
Is the
noise water
hammer?
NO
NO
Is the
noise only evident
when water is flowing
through the
heater?
YES
Cylinder contracting due to pressure release when hot tap opened This can also be accompanied by a creaking or cracking s ound
Normal Operation
NO
Check for restrictions in pipe work, faulty valves, loose plumbing or other appliances i.e. washing machine or dishwasher Fit 600kPa pressure limiting valve
YES
Is
the noise
mechanical or air
related?
Normal noise level during operation is approximately 59dB at 1.5 metres If this level is affecting neighbors a timer should be fitted to prevent operation during the affect hours or to comp ly with local council regulations
AIR
Is the
noise from the
evaporator
fan?
Is the noise only evident during the heating
cycle?
Check for loose fittings or pipe work in the refrigeration system Check for possible mechanical failure in compressor
YES
Is the
water pressure
more than 80% of the
T&PR valve
rating?
Check all other appliances or valves that can generate noise i.e. washing machines, dishwashers, ball valves etc
NO
YES
Mechanical
Refer to water hammer causes in the ‘Common Complaints’ section
Check for a faulty stop cock, non-return valve or T&PR valve
NO
Is the
noise a
metallic popping
sound?
YES
NO
YES
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29
Electrical Insulation Test - Chart 6
6
Is the
reading below
1Megaohm?
Replace compressor
NO
Disconnect the wiring to the
compressor from the terminal
block and megger between
each wire and earth
YES
Disconnect the wiring to the
fan motor from the terminal block and megger between
each wire and earth
Is the
reading below
1Megaohm?
Replace fan motorYES
Disconnect the wiring to the
bypass solenoid from the
terminal block and megger
between each wire and earth
Disconnect the wiring to the compressor thermostat and
the de-ice thermostat and
megger between each wire
and earth
Disconnect the wiring to the compressor thermostat and
the evaporator thermostat
and megger between each
wire and earth
Disconnect the wiring to the
element from the thermostat
and megger between each
wire and earth
Disconnect the remaining
wiring from the thermostat
and megger between each
terminal on the thermostat
551275
Replace solenoid
Replace thermostat
Check for pinched or
damaged wiring touching
the heater jacket
Replace thermostat
Replace element
Replace thermostat
Check for pinched or
damaged wiring touching
the heater jacket
Is the
reading below 1
Megaohm?
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
NO
YES
NO
YES
Is the
reading below 1
Megaohm?
Is the
reading below 1
Megaohm?
Is the
reading below 1
Megaohm?
Is the
reading below 1
Megaohm?
550275
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30
Electrical Insulation Testing
There are three basic test procedures that should be carried out when the operation and function of a heat pump water heater’s electrical system is in doubt.
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 1 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem safety procedure on electrical testing.
Insulation resistance of the water heater Neutral Circuit. (Reading not to be below 1 Mega ohm).
1. Isolate power to the water heater at the isolation switch. Confirm with multi-
meter across Active and Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
2. Once satisfied, disconnect the active and neutral wires from the water heater terminal block.
3. Connect megger leads to the neutral of the water heater wiring and earth.
4. Operate megger. A reading above 1 Mega ohm should be obtained.
5. If a reading below 1 Mega ohm is indicated, all component parts will need to be individually tested to locate the fault. Refer to flow diagram 6.
Insulation resistance of the water heater Active Circuit. (Reading not to be below 1 mega-ohm).
6. Connect megger leads to the active of the water heater wiring and earth.
7. Operate megger. A reading above 1 Mega ohm should be obtained.
8. If a reading below 1 Mega ohm is indicated, all component parts will need to be individually tested to locate the fault. Refer to flow diagram 6.
To check “Continuity” of the heat pump electrical circuit.
9. Set megger to resistance scale or multimeter to x1 resistance scale.
10. In heat pump mode the resistance should be approximately 3.6 ohms. In boost mode the resistance should be between 15 and 17 ohms. If a reading outside these resistances is measured all electrical component parts will need to be individually tested to locate the fault.
11. Reconnect active cable to ‘A’ terminal and neutral cable to ‘N’ terminal at heater terminal block.
12. Replace fuse. Note: If continuing with any diagnostic procedures do not replace
the fuse.
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31
551275 Power Supply Fault Finding - Chart 7
7
Warning: Terminals may be ‘live’.
Personal Protective Equipment
should be worn
Is 240
volts present at
the terminal
block?
Test 1
1.1
YES
Is
the heater
connected to an
off peak
tariff?
NO
Off peak connection is unsuitable for Heat
Pump models. Connect to continuous tariff or
‘off peak 2’ if available
YES
Is
the isolating switch
turned off?
NO
Restore power and advise customerYES
Is the
fuse blown at the
switchboard?
NO
Fault in household electrical wiringNO
Reset circuit breaker
or rewire fuse
YES
Did
the fuse or
circuit breaker blow
again?
6
YES
1. Faulty circuit breaker or fatigued fuse wire
2. Unit may be short cycling due to faulty thermostat
NO
Is the
evaporator
thermostat in boost
mode?
Test 13
NO
8
YES
Is
the evaporator
thermostat in heat pump
mode?
Test 14
YES
NO
Booster circuit may have electrical fault
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32
Component Tests 13 -15
Test 13
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Boost Mode
Using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminal 2 and terminal 3 of the terminal strip.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm when the evaporator temperature is below –3.5ºC degrees.
Test 14
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Heat Pump Mode
Using a multimeter set on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminal 2 and the orange wire on the evaporator thermostat.
Normal resistance should be less than 1 ohm when the evaporator temperature is above 10 degrees
Test 15
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals 3L and 4L on the thermostat.
The reading should be less than 1 ohm.
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33
551275 Booster Circuit Fault Finding - Chart 8
8
Are
the thermostat
ECO contacts
closed?
Test 15 - 551275 models Test 15A - 551275/A models
Is the
element installed
in the correct
orientation?
NO
Install the element correctly
and reset the ECO
NO
551275 models
Replace thermostat
551275/A models
Reset ECO thermostat
Replace Robertshaw
EWT1A1-2 thermostat
YES
Are the
thermostat contacts
closed?
YES
Test 16 - 551275 models Test 16A - 551275/A models
Is the
water in the
tank at least 6 degrees lower
than the thermostat
setting?
NO
Replace thermostat
YES
Slide the thermostat out from under the retaining clamp and allow to cool
NO
Did the
thermostat contacts
close?
NO
Does
the element
have the correct
resistance?
Test 16 - 551275 models Test 16A - 551275/A mode ls
YES
Is the
overall resistance
of the booster circuit
correct?
YES
3
Locate wiring failure and
repair
NO
Booster circuit electrically okYES
Replace elementNO
YES
Test 18
Test 17 - 551275 models Test 17A - 551275/A models
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34
Component Tests 15A -16A
Test 15A
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
551275/A models
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals of the double pole ECO thermostat.
The reading should be less than 1 ohm.
Test 16
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
551275 models
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals 1L and 2T on the thermostat.
The reading should be less than 1 ohm.
Test 16A
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
551275/A models
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals 2L and 2T on the thermostat.
The reading should be less than 1 ohm.
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35
Component Tests 17 -18
Test 17
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
550275 models
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals 2T and 4L of the thermostat. Normal resistance for the heating unit is:
2.4kW: 20 - 25 ohms
3.6kW: 13 -17 ohms
Test 17A
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
551275/A models
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between terminals 1L and 2T of the thermostat.
Normal resistance for the heating unit is:
2.4kW: 20 - 25 ohms
3.6kW: 13 -17 ohms
Test 18
Ensure power is isolated before conducting this test
Using a multimeter on the x1 resistance scale, measure between active and neutral on the terminal block.
Normal resistance when the heat pump is in boost mode with the thermostat contacts are closed is:
2.4kW: 20 - 25 ohms
3.6kW: 13 -17 ohms
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36
Component Replacement Procedures - Water Heater Draining the Water Heater (Procedure 1)
Elevated temperatures may be present during the draining process. Personal Protective Equipment should be worn to prevent scalds or burns.
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 3 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power and water supplies to the water heater.
2. Relieve pressure from the water heater through the T & PR valve or a hot tap.
3. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
4. Disconnect the cold water supply pipe
5. Fit a drain hose to the cold-water connection and run the other end to a drain or safe
location.
6. Open the temperature and pressure relief valve to allow air into the system.
Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve (Procedure 2)
Never fit a T&PR valve with a rating higher than that indicated on the water heater rating plate. Do not use reconditioned T&PR valves.
1. Isolate the power and water supplies to the water heater.
2. Relieve pressure from the water heater through the T & PR valve or a hot tap.
3. Remove the drain line from the T&PR valve.
4. Unscrew the T&PR valve and remove.
A quantity of hot water will discharge from the tank during this process. Personal Protective Equipment should be worn to prevent scalds or burns.
5. Confirm the replacement T&PR valve is the correct rating and refit using thread tape.
6. Refit the drain line.
7. Close the hot tap and restore water supply.
8. Check T&PR valve thread for leaks.
9. Operate the T&PR valve lever to reset relief drain.
10. Purge air from the system through hot taps.
11. Restore the power supply to the water heater.
Dip Tube (Procedure 3)
1. Isolate the power and water supplies to the water heater.
2. Relieve pressure from the water heater through the T & PR valve or a hot tap.
3. Disconnect the hot water line from the outlet of the water heater.
A quantity of hot water will discharge from the outlet during this process. Personal Protective Equipment should be worn to prevent scalds or burns.
4. Using a flat blade screwdriver gently split the outer rim at the top and bottom of the dip
tube face and prise the dip tube out of the cylinder fitting.
5. Fit the replacement dip tube into the cylinder fitting ensuring the flat lines up with the
fitting (dip tube facing up) and gently drive the dip tube into the fitting a short distance.
6. Reconnect the plumbing; this will push the dip tube into the correct location.
7. Restore the water supply and purge air from the system through hot taps.
8. Restore the power supply.
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37
Compressor Thermostat (Procedure 4)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater and remove access cover.
2. Confirm with a multi-meter between Active and Neutral at the terminal block that
voltage is not present.
3. Disconnect the wiring to the thermostat.
4. 550275 and 551275 Models: Undo the 2 retaining nuts and remove the thermostat.
Note: Springs are fitted under each retaining nut to ensure the thermostat is in good contact with the cylinder wall. Care should be taken to ensure the retaining nuts and springs are not lost during removal. 550275/A Models: Slide the thermostat out from under the retaining clamp.
5. Remove any scale from the cylinder surface
6. 550275 and 551275 Models: Fit the replacement thermostat over the locating studs
and secure using the springs and retaining nuts.
7. 551275/A: Fit the replacement thermostat under the clamp and set temperature at
60ºC. Reconnect the wiring as per the circuit diagram on page 9.
8. Check water heater internal wiring insulation for cracking.
9. Conduct an electrical insulation test. Refer to page 30.
10. Refit the access cover and restore the power supply.
Booster Thermostat (Procedure 5)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater and remove access cover.
2. Confirm with a multi-meter between Active and Neutral at the terminal block that
voltage is not present.
3. Disconnect the wiring to the thermostat.
4. Slide the thermostat out from under the retaining clamp.
5. Remove any scale from the cylinder surface
6. Fit the replacement thermostat under the clamp and set temperature at 60ºC
7. Reconnect the wiring as per the circuit diagram on page
9.
8. Check water heater internal wiring insulation for cracking.
9. Conduct an electrical insulation test. Refer to page
30.
10. Refit the access cover and restore the power supply
Anode (Procedure 6)
Elevated temperatures may be present during anode removal process. Personal Protective Equipment should be worn to prevent scalds or burns.
1. Isolate the power and water supplies to the water heater.
2. Relieve pressure from the water heater through the T & PR valve or a hot tap.
3. Remove the refrigeration section jacket top.
4. Remove the air inlet louver (Refer to Procedure 8)
5. Remove the anode cap(s). Access is provided through the refrigeration plant chassis.
6. Using a 27mm tube or socket spanner remove the anode(s).
7. Apply thread seal tape to replacement anode, refit and tighten. Note: It may be
necessary to cut the anode to length prior to fitting. Refer to page
3 for the correct
anode length.
8. Restore water supply and check for leaks.
9. Refit the anode cap(s), jacket, air inlet louver and jacket top and restore power.
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38
Heating Unit (Procedure 7)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 3 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Drain the water heater. Refer to procedure 1.
2. Remove the access cover and disconnect the supply active and neutral from the terminal block. Disconnect the wiring to the heating unit from the thermostat. Unclip the terminal block from the jacket and remove thermostat and terminal block.
3. Remove the two screws retaining the thermostat clamp.
4. Loosen the two lower screws slightly. When water is below the heating unit level, refit the cold water supply pipe.
5. Remove the two lower screws and withdraw the heating unit carefully making sure the loop does not catch and open up inside the cylinder.
6. Clean around the cylinder fitting, fit gasket to replacement heating unit and insert into water heater. Note: Ensure the element is installed in the same orientation.
7. Replace screws and thermostat clamp, and then tighten.
8. Close T&PR valve, and open all hot taps. Restore the cold water supply and purge air through hot taps, close each hot tap as water runs freely.
9. Check heating unit for leaks.
10. Refit thermostat and terminal block and reconnect the wiring as per the circuit diagram on page 9.
11. Refit the access cover
12. Restore power supply to the water heater.
Component Replacement Procedures - Refrigeration Plant
Air Inlet Louver (Procedure 8)
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the refrigeration section jacket top.
3. Remove the 2 screws from the left and right hand sides of the air inlet louver.
4. Remove the 3 screws from the Colorbond trim directly below the air inlet louver.
5. Lift the louver clear of the jacket.
6. Reassemble in reverse order of above.
Refrigeration Section Jacket (Procedure 9)
The fan motor may commence operation without warning. Failure to isolate the power may result in serious injury if the fan commences operation during the removal process.
1. Remove the air inlet louver. (Refer to Procedure 8)
2. Remove the air outlet cover.
3. Remove the handle.
4. Remove the screws retaining the jacket to the water heater and lift the jacket clear. NOTE: The refrigeration section jacket is quite flexible, care should be taken to ensure it does not kink during removal or replacement.
5. Reassemble in reverse order of above.
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Evaporator Fan Motor (Procedure 10)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
The fan motor may commence operation without warning. Failure to isolate the power may result in serious injury if the fan commences operation during the removal process.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the refrigeration section jacket (Refer to Procedure 9)
4. Remove the electrical wiring terminal st rip cover and disconnect the wiring to the fan motor.
5. Remove the 2 screws retaining the fan shroud to the evaporator.
6. Slide the shroud up to disengage the locating tabs and lift clear.
7. Undo the nut retaining the fan blade to the motor shaft and remove the blade.
8. Undo the 3 nuts retaining the motor to the shroud and remove the motor.
9. Reassemble in reverse order of above.
De-ice Thermostat - 550 Series only (Procedure 11)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Remove the electrical wiring terminal strip cover and disconnect the wiring to the de-ice thermostat.
5. Gently slide the de-ice thermostat sensing capillary out of the evaporator.
6. Undo the 2 screws retaining the thermostat to the support bracket and remove the thermostat.
7. Complete reassemble in reverse order of above
When refitting the thermostat bulb it is important it be positioned in the evaporator in the correct position
Bypass Solenoid – 550 Series Only (Procedure 12)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Remove the electrical wiring terminal strip cover and disconnect the wiring to the by pass solenoid from terminals 6 and N.
5. Undo the screw retaining the solenoid to the bypass valve and remove the solenoid.
6. Reassemble in reverse order of above.
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Evaporator Thermostat – 551 Series only (Procedure 13)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Remove the electrical wiring terminal strip cover and disconnect the wiring to the evaporator thermostat.
5. Gently slide the evaporator thermostat sensing capillary out of the evaporator.
6. Undo the 2 screws retaining the thermostat to the support bracket and remove the thermostat.
7. Complete reassemble in reverse order of above.
When refitting the thermostat bulb it is important it be positioned in the evaporator in the correct position (see diagram opposite)
Personnel qualified and licensed to work with refrigerants may only carry out the following repair procedures to the sealed refrigeration system.
The following procedures assume that all work conducted conforms to the refrigeration code of good practice. During repair the refrigerant must be recovered, not vented to atmosphere.
Evaporator (Procedure 14)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the evaporator shroud and fan assy. (Refer to Procedure 10 Steps 1 - 6)
4. Gently slide the de-ice thermostat sensing capillary out of the evaporator finning.
5. Remove the pipe insulation to expose pipe work at the evaporator. Un-braze the pipe­work to the evaporator.
6. Remove the 4 screws retaining the evaporator to the chassis and lift evaporator clear.
7. Fit and secure the replacement evaporator and braze pipe work.
8. Replace the receiver/filter drier. (Refer to Procedure 16 – steps 4 to 6)
9. Pressurise system to 3000kPa and conduct a leak test. Refit and secure pipe work insulation.
10. Evacuate system to 100 microbar (30”) for a period of at least 30 minutes.
11. Recharge system with the correct refrigerant. Refer to specifications table on page 3.
12. Refit the evaporator shroud and fan motor assembly and refrigeration section jacket.
13. Restore power. The refrigeration plant should commence operation.
14. Refit air inlet louver and jacket top.
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Receiver/Filter Drier (Procedure 15)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver. (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Undo the compression nuts on the inlet and outlet of the receiver/filter drier.
5. Cut the cable tie and remove the receiver/filter drier.
6. Fit the replacement receiver/filter drier, secure using a cable tie and retighten the compression fittings.
7. Pressurise system to 3000kPa and conduct a leak test.
8. Evacuate system to 100 microbar (30”) for a period of at least 30 minutes.
9. Recharge system with the correct refrigerant. Refer to “Specifications – Refrigeration System” table on page 3.
10. Restore power. The refrigeration plant should commence operation.
11. Refit air inlet louver and jacket top.
Compressor and Accumulator (Procedure 16)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the evaporator shroud and fan motor assy. (Refer to Procedure 10 Steps 1 -
6)
4. Remove the pipe insulation to expose pipe work at the compressor and accumulator. Un-braze the discharge pipe-work from the compressor and the suction line from the accumulator.
5. Disconnect the wiring to the compressor, and unclip the thermal cut out (overload)
6. Remove the 3 nuts retaining the compressor to the chassis and lift the compressor and accumulator clear.
7. Fit and secure the replacement compressor and accumulator, braze pipe work and reconnect wiring and overload to the compressor.
8. Replace the receiver/filter drier. (Refer to Procedure 16 – steps 4 to 6)
9. Pressurise system to 3000kPa and conduct a leak test. Refit and secure pipe work insulation.
10. Evacuate system to 100 microbar (30”) for a period of at least 30 minutes.
11. Recharge system with the correct refrigerant. Refer to “Specifications – Refrigeration System” table on page 3.
12. Refit the evaporator shroud and fan motor assembly and refrigeration section jacket.
13. Restore power. The refrigeration plant should commence operation.
14. Refit air inlet louver and jacket top.
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Bypass Valve – 550 Series Only (Procedure 17)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver. (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Undo the screw retaining the solenoid to the bypass valve and remove the solenoid.
5. Remove the pipe insulation to expose pipe work at the bypass valve assembly. Un­braze the pipe-work to the bypass valve and remove.
6. Braze the replacement bypass valve into place.
7. Replace the receiver/filter drier. (Refer to Procedure 16 – steps 4 to 6)
8. Refit the solenoid valve.
9. Pressurise system to 3000kPa and conduct a leak test. Refit and secure the pipe-work insulation.
10. Evacuate system to 100 microbar (30”) for a period of at least 30 minutes.
11. Recharge system with the correct refrigerant. Refer to “Specifications – Refrigeration System” table on page 3.
12. Restore power. The refrigeration plant should commence operation.
13. Refit air inlet louver and jacket top.
TX Valve Replacement (Procedure 18)
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 of this procedure to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
1. Isolate the power to the water heater.
2. Remove the access cover and confirm with a multi-meter between Active and
Neutral at the terminal block that voltage is not present.
3. Remove the air inlet louver. (Refer to Procedure 8)
4. Remove the pipe insulation to expose pipe-work at the TX valve assembly and the TX valve sensor.
5. Separate the TX valve sensor and capillary from the suction line.
6. Un-braze the pipe-work to the bypass valve and remove the TX valve.
7. Braze the replacement TX valve into place and attach the sensor to the suction line. Note: Ensure the sensor bulb is in good contact with the suction line.
8. Replace the receiver/filter drier. (Refer to Procedure 16 – steps 4 to 6)
9. Pressurise system to 3000kPa and conduct a leak test. Refit and secure the pipe work insulation.
10. Evacuate system to 100 microbar (30”) for a period of at least 30 minutes.
11. Recharge system with the correct refrigerant. Refer to “Specifications – Refrigeration System” table on page 3.
12. Restore power. The refrigeration plant should commence operation.
13. Adjust TX valve (Refer to Procedure 19).
14. Refit air inlet louver and jacket top.
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TX Valve Adjustment (Procedure 19)
Components within the refrigeration plant section will be “live” during the adjustment process. Personal Protective Equipment should be worn to reduce the risk of electric shock.
The TX valve is supplied preset and should be installed with the factory setting (5ºC) unaltered. This setting is calibrated for the lowest superheating and optimum evaporator utilization. However, should it be necessary to adjust the superheat, turn the adjusting spindle as follows: Clockwise = Reduced refrigerant flow, increase of superheat. Anticlockwise = Increased refrigerant flow, decrease in superheat.
1. Remove the air inlet louver. (Refer to Component Replacement - Procedure 8)
Evaporator temp. Superheat per turn
0ºC 1.6ºC 10ºC 1.25ºC 15ºC 1.1ºC
2. Fit pressure gauges to low side access valve and note the evaporator temperature.
3. Remove the TX valve cap (See diagram opposite)
4. Using a 6mm Allan key back the TX valve adjuster screw all the way out. Note: The adjuster screw is recessed approximately 8mm refer to dimension “A” on the diagram opposite.
5. Using the table opposite and based on the evaporator temperature observed in step 2, screw the adjuster screw in to achieve the required superheat setting of +3ºC i.e. If the evaporator temperature noted in step 2 was 20ºC turn the spindle anticlockwise 3 turns (1ºC superheat per turn x 3 = 3ºC superheat..
20ºC 1.0ºC
6. Refit and tighten the TX valve cap to a torque of 10Nm. Note: Oil the o’ring before fitting cap
Refrigerant Conversion - R22 to R409A (Procedure 20)
This procedure details the steps to convert the refrigerant used in Rheem 550/551 series Heat Pumps from R22 to R409A.
Prior to replacing the refrigerant it will be necessary to determine the current operating head pressure of the refrigeration system with R22.
If the head pressure exceeds 3400kPa the system is not suitable to be converted and the Heat Pump will require replacement.
Two parts kits are available for conducting the refrigerant conversion; prior to commencing work ensure the correct kit has been supplied as follows:
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55027500 55127505 / 55127507
Kit part number
890313
Kit part number
890314
Contents Contents 49°C thermostat 051329 55°C thermostat 051335 Filter Drier 180021 Filter Drier 180021 TX Valve 180024 TX Valve 180024 55027500 identification label 126528 55127505 identification label 126526 Compressor label 121027 55127507 identification label 126527 Refrigerant change label 126529 Compressor label 121027 Rework instruction 890315 Refrigerant change label 126529 Rework instruction 890315
NOTE: At the completion of the conversion a blue label part number 126529 (supplied in the kit) must be fixed to the water heater below the rating label detailing the change of refrigerant as required by the ‘Ozone Protection Regulation 1997’ Part 3 Division 1 Section 22 ‘Labelling of refrigeration equipment during servicing’.
1. Isolate power to the water heater and remove electrical access cover.
Personal Protective Equipment should be worn when conducting step 2 to reduce the risk of electric shock. Refer to Rheem Safety Procedure on electrical testing.
2. Confirm with a multi-meter between Active and Neutral at the terminal block that
voltage is not present.
3. Replace Compressor Controlling Thermostat (Refer to Procedure 4
Note: It is possible that some corrosion may have formed between the nut and stud retaining the thermostat which can result in the stud snapping off the tank when attempting to remove the nut. Prior to commencing step b lubricate the stud and nut with WD40 or similar lubricant and use care when removing the nut.
4. Remove Air Inlet Louvre (Refer to Procedure 8)
5. Remove the Refrigeration Section Jacket (Refer to Procedure 9)
The fan motor can commence operation without warning. Failure to isolate the power may result in serious injury if the fan commences operation during the removal process.
6. Reposition evaporator thermostat (551 series
only)
a. Remove the thermostat capillary bulb from
the evaporator by pulling upwards. Note: The bulb can be held reasonably tight by the finning and therefore difficult to remove.
b. Reinsert the probe into the evaporator as
shown in the diagram opposite. Ensure the bulb is inserted well into the evaporator finning.
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The following part of the procedure assumes that all work conducted conforms to the refrigeration code of good practice. During replacement the refrigerant must be recovered, not vented to atmosphere.
7. Fit gauges and refrigerant recovery equipment and remove R22 refrigerant
8. Replace TX Valve (Refer to Procedure 19)
Note: The replacement TX valve has different diameter connections to the original; some alteration of the pipe work will be required.
9. Adjust TX Valve
a. From the supplied (factory) position turn the adjuster screw OUT 3 turns.
10. Replace Filter Drier (Refer to Procedure 15)
Note: The replacement filter drier is a soldered type; some models have flared connections, when fitting the replacement filter drier it will be necessary to cut the flares from the pipe work.
11. Recharge system with 1250 grams of R409A.
Note: R409A is a blended refrigerant charging must be carried out with the refrigerant in the liquid phase do NOT vapour charge.
12. Attach the compressor label (pt no 121027) to the
compressor
13. Refit the Refrigeration Section Jacket and Air Outlet Cover.
14. Restore power and allow heat pump to run for at least 15 minutes to stabilise. The
operating head pressure should be approx. 800kPa lower than when operating with R22.
15. Remove gauges and refit the Air Inlet Louvre.
16. Fit refrigerant change label (blue label) below rating
plate on heater jacket and fill in the details.
17. Fit new model identification label (silver label) below
refrigerant change label as per the table below.
Original Model Number Model identification label
55027500 126528 55127505 126526 55127507 126527
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Exploded View - Refrigeration Plant - 550 Series
Replacement Parts List
Item Description Part Number
1 Louvre Blade 102749 2 Louvre Assembly – Air Inlet 102750 3 Over Temperature Cut Out – Manual Reset 180013 4 OTC Thermostat Spring 180010 5 Compressor and Accumulator 180001 6 Evaporator Coil 180002 7 Jacket – Refrigeration section 108363 8 Jacket Top – Refrigeration section 140313-1
9 Shield Air outlet 104799 10 Fan Guard 180012 11 Fan Motor 180006 12 Fan Blade 180007
TX Valve – R22 Refrigerant 180003
13
TX Valve – R409A Refrigerant 180024 Receiver/Filter Drier (Flare connection) 180009
14
Receiver/Filter Drier (Soldered Connection) 180021 15 By Pass Solenoid Valve 180004 16 De-ice Thermostat 180008 17 Capacitor 890369 18 Access Valve 180005 19 Cover – Electrical Connection 051655
Louvre Rail End Cap - LH 102747
20
Louvre Rail End Cap – RH 102748
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Exploded View - Refrigeration Plant - 551 Series
Replacement Parts List
Item Description Part Number
1 Louvre Blade 102749 2 Louvre Assembly – Air Inlet 102750 3 Over Temperature Cut Out – Manual Reset 180013 4 OTC Thermostat Spring 180010 5 Compressor and Accumulator 180001 6 Evaporator Coil 180002 7 Jacket – Refrigeration section 108363 8 Jacket Top – Refrigeration section 140313-1
9 Shield Air outlet 104799 10 Fan Guard 180012 11 Fan Motor 180006 12 Fan Blade 180007
TX Valve – R22 Refrigerant (55127505 & 55127507) 180003
13
TX Valve – R409A Refrigerant (55127505/A & 55127507/A) 180024 14 Receiver/Filter Drier (Soldered connection) 180021 15 Evaporator Thermostat 180023 16 Capacitor 890369 17 Access Valve 180005 18 Cover – Electrical Connection 051655
Louvre Rail End Cap - LH 102747
19
Louvre Rail End Cap - RH 102748
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48
Exploded View - Water Heater - 550 Series
Replacement Parts List Item Description Part No Item Description Part No
1 Pipe Seal – Inlet/Outlet 221398-1 8 Anode Cover 221720-1 2 Fitting Liner – Inlet 221001 9 Jacket Top 108361 3 Jacket Bottom 140313-1 10 Name Strip 120504 4 Dip Tube (Outlet) 225601 11 Pipe Seal – T & PR 221289-1 5 Name Band 120505 12 T & PR Valve 220641 6 Cover - Foam inlet 221735 13 Thermostat - 49ºC 051329
Anode – Black 221914 14 Thermostat spring 080127 Anode – Blue 221924 15 Access Cover 100703-1
7
Anode – Green 222024 16 Terminal Block 051565
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Exploded View - Water Heater - 551 Series
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551 Series Replacement Parts List Item Description Part Number
1 Pipe Seal – Inlet/Outlet 221398-1 2 Fitting Liner – Inlet 221001 3 Jacket Bottom 140313-1 4 Dip Tube (Outlet) 225601 5 Name Band 120509 6 Cover - Foam inlet 221735
Anode – Black 221914 Anode – Blue 221924
7
Anode – Green 222024 8 Anode Cover 221720-1 9 Jacket Top 108361
10 Name Strip 120504 11 Pipe Seal – T & PR 221289-1 12 T & PR Valve 220641
Thermostat (52ºC Single Pole) – 55127505 & 55127507 051337
13
Thermostat (85°C Double Pole) – 55127505/A & 55127507/A 051339
14 Thermostat spring 080127 15 Access Cover 100703-1 16 Terminal Block 051565
Thermostat (Robertshaw 1L2-552) – 55127505 & 55127507 051333
17
Thermostat (Robertshaw 1A1-2 ) – 55127505/A & 55127507/A 051347
18 Thermostat Clamp 102501 19 Element Bolts 051404
Element 2.4kW 050322
20
Element 3.6kW 050319
21 Element Gasket 050704
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Rheem Electric Water Heater Warranty - (Australia Only)
Notes:
The Sealed Refrigeration System includes components that carry refrigerant only e.g. Compressor, Condenser, TX valve, Receiver/Drier, Evaporator and associated pipe work.
WARRANTY CONDITIONS
1. This warranty is applicable only to Rheem water
heaters manufactured from 1
st
January 2001.
2. The water heater must be installed in
accordance with the Rheem water heater installation instructions, supplied with the water heater, and in accordance with all relevant statutory and local requirements of the State in which the water heater is to be installed.
3. Where a failed component or water heater is
replaced under Warranty, the balance of the original period will remain effective. The replaced part or water heater does not carry a new warranty.
4. Where the water heater is installed outside the
boundaries of a metropolitan area as defined by Rheem or further than 25 km from a regional Rheem Service branch office, or an
Accredited Service Agent, the cost of transport, insurance and travelling costs between the nearest Rheem Australia Accredited Service Agent’s premises and the installed site shall be the owner’s responsibility.
5. The warranty only applies to the water heater
and original or genuine company component replacement parts and therefore does not cover any plumbing or electrical parts supplied by the installer and not an integral part of the water heater, e.g. pressure limiting valve; isolation valves; non-return valves; electrical switches; pumps or fuse.
6. The water heater must be sized to supply the hot
water demand in accordance with the guidelines in Rheem water heater literature.
WARRANTY EXCLUSIONS
1. REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT WORK WILL BE CARRIED OUT AS SET OUT IN THE RHEEM WATER
HEATER WARRANTY ABOVE, BUT THE FOLLOWING EXCLUSIONS MAY CAUSE THE WATER HEATER WARRANTY TO BECOME VOID, AND MAY INCUR A SERVICE CHARGE AND COST OF PARTS.
a) Accidental damage to the water heater or
component including: Acts of God; failure due to misuse; incorrect installation; attempts to repair the water heater other than by a Rheem Service Accredited Service Agent or the Rheem Service Department.
b) Where it is found there is nothing wrong with
the water heater; where the complaint is related to excessive discharge from the temperature and pressure relief valve due to high water pressure; where there is no flow of hot water due to faulty plumbing; where water leaks are related to plumbing and not the water heater components; where there is a failure of gas, electricity or water supplies; where the supply of gas, electricity or water does not comply with relevant codes or acts.
c) Where the water heater or water heater
component has failed directly or indirectly as a result of: excessive water pressure, temperature and/or thermal input or corrosive atmosphere.
d) Where the water heater is located in a position
that does not comply with the Rheem water heater installation instructions or relevant statutory requirements, causing the need for major dismantling or removal of cupboards, doors or walls, or use of special equipment to bring the water heater to floor level.
e) Repairs to the water heater due to scale
formation in the waterways when the water heater has been connected to a harmful water supply as outlined in the Owner’s Guide and Installation Instructions booklet.
2. SUBJECT TO ANY STATUTORY PROVISIONS TO THE CONTRARY, THIS WARRANTY EXCLUDES ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR DAMAGE TO FURNITURE, WALLS, FOUNDATIONS OR ANY OTHER CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY DUE TO LEAKAGE FROM THE WATER HEATER.
In addition to this warranty, the Trade Practices Act 1974 and similar laws in each state and territory provide the owner under certain circumstances with certain minimum statutory rights in relation to your Rheem water heater. This warranty must be read subject to that legislation and nothing in this warranty has the effect of excluding or restricting those rights.
Rheem Australia Pty Ltd A.B.N 21 098 823 511
FOR SERVICE TELEPHONE
131 031 AUSTRALIA
or refer local Yellow Pages
NOTE: Every care has been taken to ensure accuracy in preparation of this publication. No liability can be accepted for any
consequences, which may arise as a result of its application.
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Document Revision History
Title
Service Instructions for Rheem Air Sourced Heat Pump
Document Number TM017
Revision Details of change D.O.I.
A Service Instructions issued for Air Sourced Heat Pump 11/02 B Model with Booster Element added 9/03
C R409A models added 11/05
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