Rheem 14AJM Installation Manual

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

RECOGNIZETHIS SYMBOL AS AN INDICATION OF IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION!

!

DO NOT DESTROYTHIS MANUAL

PLEASE READ CAREFULLY AND KEEP IN A SAFE PLACE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE BY A SERVICEMAN

THESE INSTRUCTIONS ARE INTENDED AS AN AID TO
QUALIFIED, LICENSED SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR PROPER
INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT AND OPERATION OF THIS UNIT.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS THOROUGHLY BEFORE
ATTEMPTING INSTALLATION OR OPERATION. FAILURE TO FOL­LOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN IMPROPER
INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT, SERVICE OR MAINTENANCE
POSSIBLY RESULTING IN FIRE, ELECTRICAL SHOCK,
PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

WARNING

!

13 & 14.5 SEER SERIES

CONDENSING UNITS

11⁄2 - 5 TONS FEATURING

EARTH-FRIENDLY R-410A REFRIGERANT R-410

NOTE: Appearance of unit may vary.

(13 & 14.5 SEER
MODELS IN CERTAIN
MATCHED SYSTEMS)

SUPERSEDES 92-21354-78-00

92-21354-78-01

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 SAFETY INFORMATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.0 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.1 Checking Product Received. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.3 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.4 Electrical and Physical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.0 LOCATING UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.1 Corrosive Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2 Condenser Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.3 Operational Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.4 For Condensers With Space Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.5 Customer Satisfaction Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.6 Proper Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.7 Unit Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.8 Factory-Preferred Tie-Down Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.0 REFRIGERANT CONNECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.0 TOOLS REQUIRED FOR INSTALLING & SERVICING R-410A MODELS . . . . . 8

5.1 Specifications of R-410A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5.2 Quick Reference Guide for R-410A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.0 REPLACEMENT UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

7.0 EVAPORATOR COIL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8.0 REPLACEMENT UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.0 INTERCONNECTING TUBING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.1 Vapor and Liquid Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.2 Maximum Length of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.3 Outdoor Unit Installed Above Indoor Coil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.4 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.5 Tubing Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

9.6 Tubing Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

9.7 Leak Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

10.0 EVACUATION PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

11.0 START UP AND PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

12.0 CHECKING AIRFLOW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

13.0 CHECKING REFRIGERANT CHARGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

13.1 Charging Using Charging Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

13.2 Charging By Weight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

13.3 Final Leak Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

14.0 ELECTRICAL WIRING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

14.1 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

14.2 Power Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

14.3 Control Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

15.0 FIELD INSTALLED ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

15.1 Compressor Crankcase Heat (CCH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

15.2 Time Delay Control (TDC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

15.3 Low Ambient Control (LAC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

15.4 High and Low Pressure Controls (HPC & LPC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

16.0 SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

16.1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

16.2 Single-Pole Compressor Contactor (CC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

17.0 TROUBLE SHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

17.1 Electrical Checks Flow Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

17.2 Mechanical Checks Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

17.3 Superheat Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

17.4 Subcooling Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

17.5 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Troubleshooting Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

18.0 WIRING DIAGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

18.1 PSC Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

18.2 ECM Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

2

1.0 SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING

!

THESE INSTRUCTIONS ARE INTENDED AS AN AID TO QUALIFIED LICENSED
SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR PROPER INSTALLATION, ADJUSTMENT AND
OPERATION OF THIS UNIT. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS THOROUGHLY
BEFORE ATTEMPTING INSTALLATION OR OPERATION. FAILURE TO FOL­LOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN IMPROPER INSTALLATION,
ADJUSTMENT, SERVICE OR MAINTENANCE POSSIBLY RESULTING IN FIRE,
ELECTRICAL SHOCK, PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

WARNING

!

THE MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER ANY DAMAGE OR
DEFECT TO THE HEAT PUMP CAUSED BY THE ATTACHMENT OR USE OF
ANY COMPONENTS. ACCESSORIES OR DEVICES (OTHER THAN THOSE
AUTHORIZED BY THE MANUFACTURER) INTO, ONTO OR IN CONJUNCTION
WITH THE HEAT PUMP. YOU SHOULD BE AWARE THAT THE USE OF UNAU­THORIZED COMPONENTS, ACCESSORIES OR DEVICES MAY ADVERSELY
AFFECT THE OPERATION OF THE HEAT PUMP AND MAY ALSO ENDANGER
LIFE AND PROPERTY. THE MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBIL­ITY FOR SUCH LOSS OR INJURY RESULTING FROM THE USE OF SUCH
UNAUTHORIZED COMPONENTS, ACCESSORIES OR DEVICES.

WARNING

!

DISCONNECT ALL POWER TO UNIT BEFORE STARTING MAINTENANCE.
FAILURE TO DO SO CAN CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHOCK RESULTING IN
SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

WARNING

!

DO NOT USE OXYGEN TO PURGE LINES OR PRESSURIZE SYSTEM FOR
LEAK TEST. OXYGEN REACTS VIOLENTLY WITH OIL, WHICH CAN CAUSE AN
EXPLOSION RESULTING IN SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

WARNING

!

THE UNIT MUST BE PERMANENTLY GROUNDED. FAILURE TO DO SO CAN
CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHOCK RESULTING IN SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH.

WARNING

!

TURN OFF ELECTRIC POWER AT THE FUSE BOX OR SERVICE PANEL
BEFORE MAKING ANY ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS.

ALSO, THE GROUND CONNECTION MUST BE COMPLETED BEFORE MAKING
LINE VOLTAGE CONNECTIONS. FAILURE TO DO SO CAN RESULT IN ELEC­TRICAL SHOCK, SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

CAUTION

!

The filter drier is located inside the control box. The filter drier must be
installed externally in the liquid line or the Warranty will be VOID!

3

WARNING

!

THE MANUFACTURER’S WAR­RANTY DOES NOT COVER ANY
DAMAGE OR DEFECT TO THE
AIR CONDITIONER CAUSED BY
THE ATTACHMENT OR USE OF
ANY COMPONENTS. ACCES­SORIES OR DEVICES (OTHER
THAN THOSE AUTHORIZED BY
THE MANUFACTURER) INTO,
ONTO OR IN CONJUNCTION
WITH THE AIR CONDITIONER.
YOU SHOULD BE AWARE THAT
THE USE OF UNAUTHORIZED
COMPONENTS, ACCESSORIES
OR DEVICES MAY ADVERSELY
AFFECT THE OPERATION
OF THE AIR CONDITIONER AND
MAY ALSO ENDANGER LIFE
AND PROPERTY. THE MANUFAC­TURER DISCLAIMS ANY
RESPONSIBILITY FOR SUCH
LOSS OR INJURY RESULTING
FROM THE USE OF SUCH
UNAUTHORIZED COMPONENTS,
ACCESSORIES OR DEVICES.

2.0 GENERAL

The information contained in this manual has been prepared to assist in the proper
installation, operation and maintenance of the air conditioning system. Improper
installation, or installation not made in accordance with these instructions, can result
in unsatisfactory operation and/or dangerous conditions, and can cause the related
warranty not to apply.

Read this manual and any instructions packaged with separate equipment required
to make up the system prior to installation. Retain this manual for future reference.

To achieve optimum efficiency and capacity, the indoor cooling coils listed in the
condensing unit specification sheet should be used.

IMPORTANT: We recommend replacement of any HVAC equipment that has been
subjected to flooding in order to avoid any risk of injury or harm.

IMPORTANT: Use all available safety precautions during the installation and servic­ing of any HVAC equipment.

2.1 CHECKING PRODUCT RECEIVED

Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping damage. Claims for damage, either
apparent or concealed, should be filed immediately with the shipping company.
Check condensing unit model number, electrical characteristics and accessories to
determine if they are correct and match the original order from the local distributor.
Check system components (evaporator coil, condensing unit, evaporator blower,
etc.) to make sure they are properly matched.

2.2 APPLICATION

Before installing any air conditioning equipment, a duct analysis of the structure and
a heat gain calculation must be made. A heat gain calculation begins by measuring
all external surfaces and openings that gain heat from the surrounding air and
quantifying that heat gain. A heat gain calculation also calculates the extra heat
load caused by sunlight and by humidity removal.

There are several factors that the installers must consider:

• Outdoor unit location • Proper equipment evacuation

• System refrigerant charge • Indoor unit airflow

• Indoor unit blower speed • Supply and return air duct design and sizing

• System air balancing • Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing

4

L

H

SEE DETAIL A

w

A-00008

2.3 (SEE FIGURE 1)

FIGURE 1

DIMENSIONS

AIR DISCHARGE: ALLOW

60” MINIMUM CLEARANCE.

AIR INLETS

(LOUVERED
PANELS)
ALLOW 6”
MINIMUM
CLEARANCE

SERVICE ACCESS

ALLOW 24” CLEARANCE

NOTE: GRILLE APPEARANCE
MAY VARY.

DIMENSIONAL DATA

13 Seer Model Size

14.5 Seer Model Size

Height “H” (in.) [mm]

Length “L” (in.) [mm]

Width “W” (in.) [mm]

18, 24

241/4 [616]
235/8[600]
235/8 [600]

30 36, 42 48, 60

18, 24, 30 36, 42, 48, 60

1

/4 [616]

24
275/8[702]

5

27

/8 [702]

27
31
31

3

/8 [710]

5

/8[803]

5

/8 [803]

35
31
31

3

/8 [913]

5

/8[803]

5

/8 [803]

5

2.4 ELECTRICAL & PHYSICAL DATA (SEE TABLE 1)

TABLE 1

ELECTRICAL AND PHYSICAL DATA – 13 SEER

Electrical Physical

Model

Number

Rev. 6/2/2009

18 1-60-208/230 9/9 48 0.6 12/12 15/15 20/20 8.43 1 1675 75.2 120 128

24 1-60-208/230 13.5/13.5 58.3 0.6 18/18 25/25 30/30 8.43 1 1665 73.8 121 129

30 1-60-208/230 12.8/12.8 73 0.6 17/17 20/20 25/25 10.29 1 2075 86.08 135 143

36 1-60-208/230 16.7/16.7 79 0.8 22/22 30/30 35/35 12.43 1 2690 96 159 167

42 1-60-208/230 17.9/17.9 112 0.8 24/24 30/30 40/40 16.39 1 2980 126.4 218 230

48 1-60-208/230 21.8/21.8 117 0.8 29/29 35/35 45/45 21.85 1 3175 144 225 237

60 1-60-208/230 26.4/26.4 134 1.2 35/35 45/45 60/60 21.85 1 3570 176 223 234

Phase
Frequency (Hz)
Voltage (Volts)

Compressor

Rated Load

Amperes

(RLA)

Locked Rotor

Amperes

(LRA)

Fan Motor

Full Load
Amperes

(FLA)

Minimum

Circuit
Ampacity
Amperes

ELECTRICAL AND PHYSICAL DATA – 14.5 SEER

Electrical Physical

Model

Number

14AJM

Rev. 4/28/2009

18 1-60-208/230 9/9 48 0.8 12/12 15/15 20/20 16.39 1 2805 112 154 171

24 1-60-208/230 13.5/13.5 58.3 0.8 18/18 25/25 30/30 16.39 1 2805 105.6 154 171

30 1-60-208/230 12.8/12.8 64 0.8 17/17 25/25 25/25 16.39 1 3000 112 157 175

36 1-60-208/230 16.7/16.7 79 0.8 22/22 30/30 35/35 21.85 1 3570 130.4 181 201

42 1-60-208/230 17.9/17.9 112 2.8 26/26 30/30 40/40 21.85 1 3060 145.12 205 225

48 1-60-208/230 21.8/21.8 117 2.8 31/31 40/40 50/50 21.85 2 4105 216 246 269

60 1-60-208/230 26.4/26.4 134 2.8 36/36 45/45 60/60 21.85 2 4105 240 254 274

Phase
Frequency (Hz)
Voltage (Volts)

Compressor

Rated Load

Amperes

(RLA)

Locked Rotor

Amperes

(LRA)

Fan Motor

Full Load
Amperes

(FLA)

Minimum

Circuit
Ampacity
Amperes

Fuse or HACR

Circuit Breaker

Minimum
Amperes

Fuse or HACR

Circuit Breaker

Minimum
Amperes

Maximum

Amperes

Maximum

Amperes

Outdoor Coil Weight

Face Area

Sq. Ft. [m

[0.78] [790] [2132] [54.4] [58.1]

[0.78] [786] [2092] [54.9] [58.5]

[0.96] [979] [2440] [61.2] [64.9]

[1.15] [1269] [2722] [72.1] [75.8]

[1.52] [1406] [3583] [98.9] [104.3]

[2.03] [1498] [4082] [102.1] [107.5]

[2.03] [1685] [4990] [101.2] [106.1]

Face Area

Sq. Ft. [m

[1.52] [1324] [3175] [69.8] [77.6]

[1.52] [1324] [2994] [69.8] [77.6]

[1.52] [1416] [3175] [71.2] [79.4]

[2.03] [1685] [3697] [82.1] [91.2]

[2.03] [1444] [4114] [92.9] [102.1]

[2.03] [1937] [6124] [112.9] [122]

[2.03] [1937] [6804] [115.2] [124.3]

No.

2

]

Rows

Outdoor Coil Weight

No.

2

]

Rows

CFM
[L/s]

CFM
[L/s]

Refrig.

Per
Circuit
Oz. [g]

Refrig.

Per
Circuit
Oz. [g]

Net

Lbs. [kg]

Net

Lbs. [kg]

Shipping
Lbs. [kg]

Shipping
Lbs. [kg]

NOTE: Factory Refrigerant Charge includes refrigerant for 15 feet of standard line set.

3.0 LOCATING UNIT

MATCH ALL COMPONENTS:

• OUTDOOR UNIT

• INDOOR COIL/METERING DEVICE

• INDOOR AIR HANDLER/FURNACE

• REFRIGERANT LINES

6

3.1 CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENT

The metal parts of this unit may be subject to rust or deterioration if exposed to a
corrosive environment. This oxidation could shorten the equipment’s useful life.
Corrosive elements include, but are not limited to, salt spray, fog or mist in seacoast
areas, sulphur or chlorine from lawn watering systems, and various chemical conta­minants from industries such as paper mills and petroleum refineries.

If the unit is to be installed in an area where contaminants are likely to be a prob­lem, special attention should be given to the equipment location and exposure.

• Avoid having lawn sprinkler heads spray directly on the unit cabinet.

• In coastal areas, locate the unit on the side of the building away from the water­front.

• Shielding provided by a fence or shrubs may give some protection, but cannot
violate minimum airflow and service access clearances.

• Elevating the unit off its slab or base enough to allow air circulation will help
avoid holding water against the basepan.

Regular maintenance will reduce the build-up of contaminants and help to protect
the unit’s finish.

WARNING

!

DISCONNECT ALL POWER TO UNIT BEFORE STARTING
MAINTENANCE. FAILURE TO DO SO CAN CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHOCK
RESULTING IN SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

• Frequent washing of the cabinet, fan blade and coil with fresh water will remove

most of the salt or other contaminants that build up on the unit.

• Regular cleaning and waxing of the cabinet with an automobile polish will pro-

vide some protection.

• A liquid cleaner may be used several times a year to remove matter that will not

wash off with water.

Several different types of protective coatings are offered in some areas. These
coatings may provide some benefit, but the effectiveness of such coating materials
cannot be verified by the equipment manufacturer.

3.2 CONDENSER LOCATION

Consult local and national building codes and ordinances for special installation
requirements. Following location information will provide longer life and simplified
servicing of the outdoor condenser.

NOTE: These units must be installed outdoors. No ductwork can be attached, or
other modifications made, to the discharge grille. Modifications will affect perfor­mance or operation.

3.3 OPERATIONAL ISSUES

• IMPORTANT: Locate the condenser in a manner that will not prevent, impair or

compromise the performance of other equipment horizontally installed in prox­imity to the unit. Maintain all required minimum distances to gas and electric
meters, dryer vents, exhaust and inlet openings. In the absence of National
Codes, or manaufacturers’ recommendations, local code recommendations
and requirements will take presidence.

• Refrigerant piping and wiring should be properly sized and kept as short as

possible to avoid capacity losses and increased operating costs.

• Locate the condenser where water run off will not create a problem with the

equipment. Position the unit away from the drip edge of the roof whenever pos­sible. Units are weatherized, but can be affected by water pouring into the unit
from the junction of rooflines, without protective guttering.

3.4 FOR CONDENSERS WITH SPACE LIMITATIONS

In the event that a space limitation exists, we will permit the following clearances:
Single Unit Applications: One condenser inlet air grille side may be reduced to no

less than a 6-inch clearance. Clearances below 6 inches will reduce unit capacity
and efficiency. Do not reduce the 60-inch discharge, or the 24-inch service clear­ances.

Multiple Unit Applications: When multiple condenser grille sides are aligned, a 6­inch per unit clearance is recommended, for a total of 12 inches between two units.
Two combined clearances below 12 inches will reduce capacity and efficiency. Do
not reduce the 60-inch discharge, or 24-inch service, clearances.

3.5 CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ISSUES

• The condenser should be located away from the living, sleeping and recreation-

al spaces of the owner and those spaces on adjoining property.

• To prevent noise transmission, the mounting pad for the outdoor unit should

not be connected to the structure, and should be located sufficient distance
above grade to prevent ground water from entering the unit.

3.6 PROPER INSTALLATION

Proper sizing and installation of equipment is critical to achieve optimal perfor­mance. Use the information in this Installation Instruction Manual and reference the
applicable Engineering Specification Sheet when installing this product.

IMPORTANT: This product has been designed and manufactured to meet ENER­GY STAR
nents. However, proper refrigerant charge and proper air flow are critical to achieve
rated capacity and efficiency. Installation of this product should follow the manufac­turer’s refrigerant charging and air flow instructions. Failure to confirm proper

charge and airflow may reduce energy efficiency and shorten equipment life.

®

criteria for energy efficiency when matched with appropriate coil compo-

7

3.7 UNIT MOUNTING

If elevating the condensing unit, either on a flat roof or on a slab, observe the
following guidelines.

• The base pan provided elevates the condenser coil 3/4” above the base pad.

• If elevating a unit on a flat roof, use 4” x 4” (or equivalent) stringers positioned
to distribute unit weight evenly and prevent noise and vibration.

3.8 FACTORY-PREFERRED TIE-DOWN METHOD

INSTRUCTIONS:

IMPORTANT: These instructions are intended as a guide to securingequipment for wind­load ratings of “120 MPH sustained wind load”and “3-second, 150 MPH gust.”While this
procedure is not mandatory, the Manufacturer doesrecommendthat equipment be prop­erly secured in areas where high wind damagemay occur.

STEP 1: Before installing, clear pad of any dirtor debris.

STEP 2: Center basepan on pad, ensuring it is level.
STEP 3: Remove unittop panel by removingscrews around the perimeter of top panel.

STEP 4: Drill4 or 6 holes (1/4” diameter) in the unit basepan only
STEP 5: Select and obtain appropriate concrete or lag screws and flatwashers per

STEP 6: Drillpilot holes in padthrough the basepan clearance holes drilledin Step 4,

STEP 7: Driveconcretescrews or lag screwsthrough

STEP 8: Re-connect fan motor wire leads to contactorper the unit wiringdiagram and

STEP 9: Finish unit installation per Sections 4 – 16 in this manual.

IMPORTANT: The pad mustbe constructed of industry-approved materials, and
must be thickenough to accommodate the concrete fastener.

Disconnect fan motor leads from contactor and lay top panel aside taking care
not to damagethe fan.

per figure 2.

figure 2.

1

ensuring that the holesare at least
used. Use the concretescrew or lag screw manufacturer’srecommended hole
diameter for the pilotholes.

and into the pad. Use flat washersunder the head of the screws. Snug screws
to basepan.

NOTE: Do not over-tighten theconcrete or lag screws.Doing so can weakenor strip

the fastener and causeit to breakor pull out.

lower unit top onto the unit. Takecare to place the fan motor wire conduitin the
slot in thetop of thecontrol box as the top is lowered ontothe unit. Re-install
screws that attach unittop to the unit.

⁄4” deeper than the concrete fastener being

1

⁄4” clearance holes in unit basepan

4.0 REFRIGERANT CONNECTIONS

All units are factory charged with Refrigerant 410A. All models are supplied with
service valves. Keep tube ends sealed until connection is to be made to prevent
system contamination.

5.0 TOOLS REQUIRED FOR INSTALLING &

5.0 SERVICING R-410A MODELS

Manifold Sets:

-Up to 800 PSIG High Side

-Up to 250 PSIG Low Side

-550 PSIG Low Side Retard

Manifold Hoses:

-Service Pressure Ratiing of 800 PSIG

Recovery Cylinders:

-400 PSIG Pressure Rating

-Dept. of Transportation 4BA400 or BW400

CAUTION

!

R-410A systems operate at higher pressures than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A equipment.

8

FIGURE 2

TIE-DOWN KIT ASSEMBLY

(6) 1-1/2” x 1/4” CONCRETE SCREWS SNUG TO BASE PAN.
LENGTH TO PENETRATE CONCRETE 1.5” MINIMUM.
OR (6) 1-1/2” x 1/4” LAG SCREWS SNUG TO BASE PAN.
LENGTH TO PENETRATE WOOD 1.5” MINIMUM
SCREWS HAVE TO BE PLACED ON THE BASE PAN
AS SHOWN UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.

CONCRETE PAD SPECIFICATIONS:

GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 2-1/2” THICK SOLID CONCRETE
DENSITY GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 144 LBS/FT
PAD LENGTH GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO (UNIT LENGTH +2”)
PAD WIDTH GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO (UNIT WIDTH +2)

(6) 1-1/2” x 1/4” CONCRETE SCREWS SNUG TO BASE PAN.
LENGTH TO PENETRATE CONCRETE 1.5” MINIMUM.
OR (6) 1-1/2” x 1/4” LAG SCREWS SNUG TO BASE PAN.
LENGTH TO PENETRATE WOOD 1.5” MINIMUM
SCREWS HAVE TO BE PLACED ON THE BASE PAN
AS SHOWN UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.

VIEW B

3

OR EQUIVALENT

VIEW A

13 SEER
MODELS

18/24

30 B

36/42/48/60

14.5 SEER
MODELS

18/24/30/36/

42/48/60

TIE DOWN

ASSEMBLY

VIEW

A 23.63” 23.63” 2.49” 19.77” 2.41” 19.63”

B

LWABCD E F

27.63” 27.63” 3.5”

31.63” 31.63” 5.63”

TIE DOWN ASSEMBLY DIMENSIONS

22.63”

24.50”

3.5” 22.63”

5.63” 24.50”

5.1 SPECIFICATION OF R-410A:

Application: R-410A is not a drop-in replacement for R-22; equipment designs
must accommodate its higher pressures. It cannot be retrofitted into R-22 condens­ing units.

Physical Properties: R-410A has an atmospheric boiling point of -62.9°F and its
saturaton pressure at 77°F is 224.5 psig.

Composition: R-410A is an azeotropic mixture of 50% by weight difluoromethane
(HFC-32) and 50% by weight pentafluoroethane (HFC-125).

Pressure: The pressure of R-410A is approximately 60% (1.6 times) greater
than R-22. Recovery and recycle equipment, pumps, hoses and the like need to

have design pressure ratings appropriate for R-410A. Manifold sets need to range

IF ANY ACCUMULATOR IS UTILIZED,
ADD 3.5” TO THE “A” DIMENSION
AND 2” TO THE “C” DIMENSION
FOR THIS HOLE LOCATION ONLY.

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

CENTER LINE

OF UNIT

9

up to 800 psig high-side and 250 psig low-side with a 550 psig low-side retard.
Hoses need to have a service pressure rating of 800 psig. Recovery cylinders need
to have a 400 psig service pressure rating. DOT 4BA400 or DOT BW400.

Combustibility: At pressures above 1 atmosphere, mixture of R-410A and air can
become combustible. R-410A and air should never be mixed in tanks or supply

lines, or be allowed to accumulate in storage tanks. Leak checking should
never be done with a mixture of R-410A and air. Leak checking can be per-

formed safely with nitrogen or a mixture of R-410A and nitrogen.

5.2 QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE FOR R-410A

• R-410A refrigerant operates at approximately 60% higher pressure (1.6 times)
than R-22. Ensure that servicing equipment is designed to operate with R-410A.

• R-410A refrigerant cylinders are pink in color.

• R-410A, as with other HFC’s is only compatible with POE oils.

• Vacuum pumps will not remove moisture from oil.

• R-410A systems are to be charged with liquid refrigerants. Prior to March 1999,
R-410A refrigerant cylinders had a dip tube. These cylinders should be kept
upright for equipment charging. Post March 1999 cylinders do not have a dip tube
and should be inverted to ensure liquid charging of the equipment.

• Do not install a suction line filter drier in the liquid line.

• A liquid line filter drier is standard on every unit. Only manufacturer approved liq­uid line filter driers can be used. These are Sporlan (CW083S) and Alco
(80K083S) driers. These filter driers are rated for minimum working pressure of
600 psig.

• Desiccant (drying agent) must be compatible for POE oils and R-410A.

6.0 REPLACEMENT UNITS

To prevent failure of a new condensing unit, the existing evaporator tubing system
must be correctly sized and cleaned or replaced. Care must be exercised that the
expansion device is not plugged. For new and replacement units, liquid line filter
drier sould be installed and refrigerant tubing should be properly sized. Test the oil
for acid. If positive, a suction line filter drier is mandatory.

IMPORTANT: WHEN REPLACING AN R-22 UNIT WITH AN R-410A UNIT,
EITHER REPLACE THE LINE SET OR ENSURE THAT THE EXISTING LINE SET
IS THOROUGHLY CLEANED OF ANY OLD OIL OR DEBRIS.

7.0 EVAPORATOR COIL

REFER TO EVAPORATOR COIL MANUFACTURER’S INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS.

IMPORTANT: The manufacturer is not responsible for the performance and opera-

tion of a mismatched system, or for a match listed with another manufacturer’s coil.

CAUTION

!

Only use evaporators approved for use on R-410A systems. Use of existing R-22
evaporators can introduce mineral oil into the R-410Arefrigerant forming two differ­ent liquids and decreasing oil return to the compressor. This can result in com­pressorvfailure.

NOTE: All units must be installed with a TEV Evaporator.

The thermostat expansion valve is specifically designed to operate with R-410A.

DO NOT use an R-22 TEV or evaporator. The existing evaporator must be
replaced with the factory specified TEV evaporator specifically designed for
R-410A.

10

LOCATION

Do not install the indoor evaporator coil in the return duct system of a gas or oil fur­nace. Provide a service inlet to the coil for inspection and cleaning. Keep the coil
pitched toward the drain connection.

CAUTION

!

When coil is installed over a finished ceiling and/or living area, it is
recommended that a secondary sheet metal condensate pan be
constructed and installed under entire unit. Failure to do so can result
in property damage.

8.0 REPLACEMENT UNITS

To prevent failure of a new condensing unit, the existing evaporator tubing system
must be correctly sized and cleaned or replaced. Care must be exercised that the
expansion device is not plugged. Test the oil for acid. If positive, a suction line filter
drier is mandatory. For new and replacement units, a liquid line filter drier should be
installed and refrigerant tubing should be properly sized.

9.0 INTERCONNECTING TUBING

9.1 VAPOR AND LIQUID LINES

Keep all lines sealed until connection is made.
Refer to Line Size Information in Tables 2 through 4 for correct size and multipliers to

be used to determine capacity for various vapor line diameters and lengths of run.
The losses due to thelines being exposed to outdoor conditions are not included.

The factory refrigeration charge in the outdoor unit is sufficient for 15 feet of inter­connecting lines. The factory refrigeration charge in the outdoor unit is sufficient for
the unit and 15 feet of standard size interconnecting liquid and vapor lines. For dif­ferent lengths, adjust the charge as indicated below.

1/4” ±0.2 oz. per foot
5/16” ±0.3 oz. per foot
3/8” ±0.5 oz. per foot
1/2” ±1.0 oz. per foot

9.2 MAXIMUM LENGTH OF LINES

The maximum length of interconnecting line is 150 feet. Always use the shortest
length possible with a minimum number of bends. Additional compressor oil is not
required for any length up to 150 feet.

NOTE: Excessively long refrigerant lines cause loss of equipment capacity.

9.3 OUTDOOR UNIT INSTALLED ABOVE INDOOR COIL

Keep the vertical separation between coils to a minimum. However, the vertical dis­tance can be as great as 120 feet with the condensing unit ABOVE the indoor coil.
Use the following guidelines when installing the unit:

1. DO NOT exceed 120 feet maximum vertical separation.

2. Expansion Valve Coil:
a. The vertical separation can be greater than the value in Table 3, but no

more than 120 feet.

b. No changes are required for expansion valve coils.

3. Always use the smallest liquid line size permitted to minimize the system
charge.

4. Table 3 may be used for sizing horizontal runs.

9.4 OUTDOOR UNIT BELOW INDOOR COIL

Keep the vertical separation to a minimum. Use the following guidelines when
installing the unit:

1. DO NOT exceed the vertical separations as indicated on Table 4.

2. Always use the smallest liquid line size permitted to minimize system charge.

3. Table 4 may be used for sizing horizontal runs.

9.5 TUBING INSTALLATION

Observe the following when installing correctly sized type “L” refrigerant tubing
between the condensing unit and evaporator coil:

11

• If a portion of the liquid line passes through a hot area where liquid refrigerant
can be heated to form vapor, insulating the liquid line is required.

• Use clean, dehydrated, sealed refrigeration grade tubing.

• Always keep tubing sealed until tubing is in place and connections are to be
made.

• Blow out the liquid and vapor lines with dry nitrogen before connecting to the
outdoor unit and indoor coil. For an air conditioning system, any debris in the
line set could end up plugging the expansion device.

CAUTION

!

The filter drier is located inside the control box. The filter drier must be
installed externally in the liquid line or the Warranty will be VOID!

• If tubing has been cut, make sure ends are deburred while holding in a position
to prevent chips from falling into tubing. Burrs such as those caused by tubing
cutters can affect performance dramatically, particularly on small liquid line
sizes.

• For best operation, keep tubing run as short as possible with a minimum num­ber of elbows or bends.

• Locations where the tubing will be exposed to mechanical damage should be
avoided. If it is necessary to use such locations, the copper tubing should be
housed to prevent damage.

• If tubing is to be run underground, it must be run in a sealed watertight chase.

• Use care in routing tubing and do not kink or twist. Use a tubing bender on the
vapor line to prevent kinking.

• The vapor line must be insulated to prevent dripping (sweating) and prevent
performance losses. Armaflex and Rubatex are satisfactory insulations for this
purpose. Use 1/2” minimum insulation thickness, additional insulation may be
required for long runs.

• Check Table 2 for the correct vapor line size. Check Tables 4 and 5 for the cor­rect liquid line size.

9.6 TUBING CONNECTIONS

Indoor evaporator coils have only a holding charge of dry nitrogen. Keep all tube
ends sealed until connections are to be made.

• Use type “L” copper refrigeration tubing. Braze the connections with accepted
industry practices.

• Be certain both refrigerant service valves at the outdoor unit are closed.

TABLE 2

SUCTION LINE LENGTH/SIZE VS. CAPACITY MULTIPLIER (R-410A)

Unit Size

Suction Line

Connection Size

Suction Line

Run - Feet

Optional

Standard

25’

Optional
Optional

Standard

50’

Optional
Optional

100’

150’

NOTES:

*Standard Line Size
Using suction line larger than shown in chart will result in poor oil return and is not recommended.

Standard

Optional
Optional

Standard

Optional

1

⁄2 Ton 2 Ton 21⁄2 Ton 3 Ton 31⁄2 Ton 4 Ton 5 Ton

1

3/4" I.D. 3/4" I.D. 3/4" I.D. 7/8" I.D. 7/8" I.D. 7/8" I.D. 7/8" I.D.

5/8

3/4*

---

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

--- --- 1.00 --- --- --- ---

0.98 0.98 0.96 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99

0.99 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

--- --- 0.99 --- --- --- ---

0.95 0.95 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97

0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98

--- --- 0.97 --- --- --- ---

0.92 0.92 0.91 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.94

0.93 0.94 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.97

--- ---

5/8

3/4* 3/4*

--- 7/8

5/8 3/4*

0.95

7/8

---

--- --- --- ---

3/4

7/8*

---

7/8*

1 1/8

---

7/8*

1 1/8

---

12

TABLE 3

LIQUID LINE SIZE – OUTDOOR UNIT ABOVE INDOOR COIL

Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Coil

Liquid Line Size

System

Capacity

LineSize

Connection Size

(InchI.D.)

LineSize

(InchO.D.)

25 50 75 100 125 150

(Cooling Only - Does not apply to Heat Pumps)

Total Equivalent Length - Feet

Minimum Vertical Separation - Feet

1/4 0000824

1

1

⁄2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 0 00000

3/8* 0 00000

1/4 0329 55 81 108

2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 0 00000

3/8* 0 00000

1/4 0 14 56 98 N/A N/A

1

2

⁄2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 0 00000

3/8* 0 00000

3 Ton 3/8”

31⁄2 Ton 3/8”

4 Ton 3/8”

5 Ton 3/8”

NOTES:

*Standard Line Size
N/A - Application not recommended.

5/16 0 00009
3/8* 0 00000
5/16 00016 35 54
3/8* 0 00000
3/8* 0 00000

1/2 0 00000

3/8* 0 00000

1/2 0 00000

TABLE 4

LIQUID LINE SIZE – OUTDOOR UNIT BELOW INDOOR COIL

Liquid Line Size

System

Capacity

LineSize

Connection Size

(InchI.D.)

LineSize

(InchOD)

25 50 75 100 125 150

Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Coil

Total Equivalent Length - Feet

Maximum Vertical Separation - Feet

1/4 25 40 25 9 N/A N/A

1

1

⁄2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 25 50 62 58 53 49

3/8* 25 50 75 72 70 68

1/4 23 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 25 36 29 23 16 9

3/8* 25 50 72 70 68 65

1/4 25 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1

2

⁄2 Ton 3/8” 5/16 25 49 38 27 17 6

3/8* 25 50 68 65 62 58

3 Ton 3/8”

31⁄2 Ton 3/8”

4 Ton 3/8”

5 Ton 3/8”

NOTES:

*Standard Line Size
N/A - Application not recommended.

5/16 25 50 37 22 7 N/A

3/8* 25 50 68 63 58 53

5/16 25 23 4 N/A N/A N/A

3/8* 25 50 43 36 30 24
3/8* 25 46 38 30 22 15

1/2 25 50 56 55 53 52

3/8* 25 50 56 44 32 20

1/2 25 50 75 81 79 76

13

• Clean the fittings before brazing.

• Remove the cap and schrader core from service port to protect seals from heat
damage.

• Use an appropriate heatsink material around the copper stub and the service
valves before applying heat.

• IMPORTANT: Do not braze any fitting with the TEV sensing bulb attached.

• Braze the tubing between the outdoor unit and indoor coil. Flow dry nitrogen
into a service port and through the tubing while brazing.

• After brazing – use an appropriate heatsink material to cool the joint and
remove any flux residue.

9.7 LEAK TESTING

• Pressurize line set and coil through service fittings with dry nitrogen to 150 psig
maximum. Leak test all joints using liquid detergent. If a leak is found, repair
and repeat leak test procedures.

WARNING

!

DO NOT USE OXYGEN TO PURGE LINES OR PRESSURIZE SYSTEM FOR
LEAK TEST. OXYGEN REACTS VIOLENTLY WITH OIL, WHICH CAN
CAUSE AN EXPLOSION RESULTING IN SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH.

10.0 EVACUATION PROCEDURE

Evacuation is the most important part of the entire service procedure. The life and
efficiency of the equipment is dependent upon the thoroughness exercised by the
serviceman when evacuating air and moisture from the line set and indoor coil.

Air in the system causes high condensing temperatures and pressure, resulting in
increased power input and non-verifiable performance.

Moisture chemically reacts with the refrigerant and oil to form corrosive hydrofluoric
and hydrochloric acids. These attack motor windings and parts, causing breakdown.

After the system has been leak checked and proven sealed, connect the vacuum
pump and evacuate system to 500 microns. The vacuum pump must be connected
to both the high and low sides of the system through adequate connections. Use
the largest size connections available since restrictive service connections may lead
to false readings because of pressure drop through the fittings.

IMPORTANT: Compressors (especially scroll type) should never be used to evacu­ate the air conditioning system because internal electrical arcing may result in a
damaged or failed compressor.

14

11.0 START UP AND PERFORMANCE

Even though the unit is factory charged with R410A, the charge must be checked to
the charge table attached to the service panel and adjusted, if required. Allow a
minimum of 5 minutes running. Before analyzing charge, see the instructions on the
unit service panel rating plate for marking the total charge.

• The service valves are not backseating valves. To open the valves, remove the
valve cap with an adjustable wrench. Insert a 3/16” or 5/16” hex wrench into the
stem. Backoutcounterclockwiseuntil it stops.

• Replace the valve cap finger tight then tighten an additional 1/8 of a turn for a
metal-to-metal seal.

12.0 CHECKING AIRFLOW

The air distribution system has the greatest effect. The duct system is totally con­trolled by the contractor. For this reason, the contractor should use only industry­recognized procedures.

The correct air quantity is critical to air conditioning systems. Proper operation, effi­ciency, compressor life, and humidity control depend on the correct balance
between indoor load and outdoor unit capacity. Excessive indoor airflow increases
the possibility of high humidity problems. Low indoor airflow reduces total capacity,
and causes coil icing. Serious harm can be done to the compressor by low airflow,
such as that caused by refrigerant flooding.

Air conditioning systems require a specified airflow. Each ton of cooling requires
between 350 and 450 cubic feet of air per minute (CFM), or 400 CFM nominally.

Duct design and construction should be carefully done. System performance can be
lowered dramatically through bad planning or workmanship.

Air supply diffusers must be selected and located carefully. They must be sized and
positioned to deliver treated air along the perimeter of the space. If they are too
small for their intended airflow, they become noisy. If they are not located properly,
they cause drafts. Return air grilles must be properly sized to carry air back to the
blower. If they are too small, they also cause noise.

The installers should balance the air distribution system to ensure proper quiet air­flow to all rooms in the home. This ensures a comfortable living space.

These simple mathematical formulas can be used to determine the CFM in a resi­dential or light commercial system.

Electric resistance heaters can use

CFM =

Gas furnaces can use

CFM =

An air velocity meter or airflow hood can give a more accurate reading of the sys­tem CFM.

volts x amps x 3.414

1.08 x temp rise

BTUH

∆T x 1.08

13.0 CHECKING REFRIGERANT CHARGE

Charge for all systems should be checked against the Charging Chart inside the
access panel cover. Before using the chart, the indoor conditions must be within
2°F of desired comfort conditions and system must be run until operating conditions
stabilize (15 min. to 30 min.)

CAUTION

!

THE TOP OF THE SCROLL COMPRESSOR SHELL IS HOT. TOUCHING THE
COMPRESSOR TOP MAY RESULT IN SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY.

IMPORTANT: Do not operate the compressor without charge in system.

Addition of R-410A will raise pressures (vapor, liquid and discharge) and lower
vapor temperature.

If adding R-410A raises both vapor pressure and temperature, the unit is over­charged.

IMPORTANT: Use industry-approved charging methods to ensure proper system
charge.

13.1 CHARGING USING CHARGING CHART

NOTE: THIS UNIT CONTAINS R-410A REFRIGERANT.

DO NOT CHARGE WITH R-22 REFRIGERANT.

The liquid pressure method is used for charging systems in the cooling mode. The
service port on the liquid (small valve) and suction (large valve) is used for this pur­pose.

Verify that the outdoor unit is running in the cooling mode and the indoor air mover
is delivering the maximum airflow for this system size. Read and record the outdoor
ambient temperature. Read and record the liquid and suction pressures at the ports
on the liquid and suction valves.

If refrigerant lines are sized using the nameplate charge, the correct liquid pressure
is found at the intersection of the suction pressure and the outdoor ambient.

1. Remove refrigerant charge if the liquid pressure is above the chart value.

2. Add refrigerant charge if the liquid pressure is below the chart value.

CAUTION

!

R-410A PRESSURES ARE APPROXIMATELY 60% HIGHER THAN R-22
PRESSURES. USE APPROPRIATE CARE WHEN USING THIS REFRIGER­ANT. FAILURE TO EXERCISE CARE MAY RESULT IN EQUIPMENT DAM­AGE, OR PERSONAL INJURY.

15

If the refrigerant lines utilize extended lengths, add 4 psi to the liquid pressure val­ues shown in the chart.

1. Remove refrigerant charge if the refrigerant liquid pressure is above the cor­rected chart value.

2. Add refrigerant charge if the liquid pressure is below the corrected chart value.

13.2 CHARGING BY WEIGHT

For a new installation, evacuation of interconnecting tubing and evaporator coil is
adequate; otherwise, evacuate the entire system. Use the factory charge shown in
Table 1 of these instructions or unit data plate. Note that charge value includes
charge required for 15 ft. of standard size interconnecting liquid line. Calculate actu­al charge required with installed liquid line size and length using:

1/4” O.D. = 0.2 oz./ft.
5/16” O.D. = 0.3 oz./ft.
3/8” O.D. = 0.5 oz./ft.
1/2” O.D. = 1.0 oz./ft.

With an accurate scale (+/– 1 oz.) or volumetric charging device, adjust charge dif­ference between that shown on the unit data plate and that calculated for the new
system installation. If the entire system has been evacuated, add the total calculat­ed charge.

NOTE: When the total refrigerant charge volume exceeds the values in Table 7, the
manufacturer recommends installing a crankcase heater and start kit.

13.3 FINAL LEAK TESTING

After the unit has been properly evacuated and charged, a halogen leak detector
should be used to detect leaks in the system. All piping within the condensing unit,
evaporator, and interconnecting tubing should be checked for leaks. If a leak is
detected, the refrigerant should be recovered before repairing the leak. The Clean
Air Act prohibits releasing refrigerant into the atmosphere.

WARNING

!

TURN OFF ELECTRIC POWER AT
THE FUSE BOX OR SERVICE
PANEL BEFORE MAKING ANY
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS.

ALSO, THE GROUND CONNEC­TION MUST BE COMPLETED
BEFORE MAKING LINE VOLTAGE
CONNECTIONS. FAILURE TO DO
SO CAN RESULT IN ELECTRICAL
SHOCK, SEVERE PERSONAL
INJURY OR DEATH.

14.0 ELECTRICAL WIRING

Field wiring must comply with the National Electric Code (C.E.C. in Canada) and
any applicable local code.

14.1 GROUNDING

A grounding lug is provided near the contactor for a ground wire.

WARNING

!

THE UNIT MUST BE PERMANENTLY GROUNDED. FAILURE TO DO SO
CAN CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHOCK RESULTING IN SEVERE PERSONAL
INJURY OR DEATH.

14.2 POWER WIRING

It is important that proper electrical power from a commercial utility is available at
the condensing unit contactor. Voltage ranges for operation are shown in Table 5.

Power wiring must be run in a rain-tight conduit. Conduit must be run through the
connector panel below the access cover (See Figure 1) and attached to the bottom
of the control box.

Connect power wiring to contactor located in outdoor condensing unit electrical box.
(See wiring diagram attached to unit access panel.)

Check all electrical connections, including factory wiring within the unit and make
sure all connections are tight.

DO NOT connect aluminum field wire to the contactor terminals.

16

TABLE 5

VOLTAGE RANGES (60 HZ)

Operating Voltage Range at Copeland

Nameplate Voltage Maximum Load Design Conditions for

Compressors

208/230 (1 Phase) 187 - 253

14.3 CONTROL WIRING

(See Figure 3)

If the low voltage control wiring is run in conduit with the power supply, Class I insu­lation is required. Class II insulation is required if run separate. Low voltage wiring
may be run through the insulated bushing provided in the 7/8 hole in the base
panel, up to and attached to the pigtails from the bottom of the control box. Conduit
can be run to the base panel if desired by removing the insulated bushing.

A thermostat and a 24 volt, 40 VA minimum transformer are required for the control
circuit of the condensing unit. The furnace or the air handler transformer may be
used if sufficient. See the wiring diagram for reference. Use 18-gauge thermostat
wire only.

15.0 FIELD INSTALLED ACCESSORIES

15.1 COMPRESSOR CRANKCASE HEAT (CCH)

While scroll compressors usually do not require crankcase heaters, there are
instances when a heater should be added. Refrigerant migration during the off cycle
can result in a noisy start up. Add a crankcase heater to minimize refrigerate migra­tion, and to help eliminate any start up noise or bearing “wash out.”

NOTE: The installation of a crankcase heater is recommended if the system charge
exceeds the values listed in Table 6.

All heaters are located on the lower half of the compressor shell. Its purpose is to
drive refrigerant from the compressor shell during long off cycles, thus preventing
damage to the compressor during start-up.

At initial start-up or after extended shutdown periods, make sure the heater is ener­gized for at least 12 hours before the compressor is started. (Disconnect switch on
and wall thermostat off.)

TABLE 6

MAXIMUM SYSTEM CHARGE VALUES – 13 SEER

13 SEER Compressor Charge Limit Charge Limit

Model Model Without Crankcase Without Crankcase

Size Number Heat (1 Phase) Heat (3 Phase)

18 ZP16K5E 9.6 lbs.
24 ZP20K5E 9.6 lbs.
30 ZP24K5E 9.6 lbs.
36 ZP31K5E 9.6 lbs. 8 lbs.
42 ZP36K5E 12 lbs. 10 lbs.
48 ZP42K5E 12 lbs. 10 lbs.
60 ZP51K5E 12 lbs. 10 lbs.

MAXIMUM SYSTEM CHARGE VALUES – 14.5 SEER

14.5 SEER Compressor Charge Limit
Model Model Without Crankcase

Size Number Heat (1 Phase)

18 ZP16K5E 9.6 lbs.
24 ZP20K5E 9.6 lbs.
30 ZP24K5E 9.6 lbs.
36 ZP31K5E 9.6 lbs.
42 ZP34K5E 12 lbs.

NOTE: Model sizes 48 and 60 have a factory installed crankcase heater.

15.2 TIME DELAY CONTROL (TDC)

The time delay (TDC) is in the low voltage control circuit. When the compressor
shuts off due to a power failure or thermostat operation, this control keeps it off at
least 5 minutes which allows the system pressure to equalize, thus not damaging
the compressor or blowing fuses on start-up.

17

FIGURE 3

CONTROL WIRING FOR GAS OR ELECTRIC HEAT

FOR TYPICAL GAS OR OIL HEAT

FOR TYPICAL ELECTRIC HEAT

15.3 LOW AMBIENT CONTROL (LAC)

This component senses compressor head pressure and shuts the heat pump fan off
when the head pressure drops to approximately 220 PSIG [1516.8 kPa]. This
allows the unit to build a sufficient head pressure at lower ambient in order to main­tain system balance and obtain improved capacity. Low ambient control should be
used on all equipment operated below 70°F [21.1°C] ambient.

15.4 HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE CONTROLS (HPC & LPC)

These controls keep the compressor from operating in pressure ranges which can
cause damage to the compressor. Both controls are in the low voltage control cir­cuit.

High pressure control (HPC) is an auto-reset which opens near 610 PSIG and
closes at 420 PSIG.

The low pressure control (LPC) is an automatic reset which opens near 50 PSIG
and closes near 95 PSIG.

16.0 SERVICE

16.1 OPERATION

Single phase units are operated PSC (no starting components). It is important that
such systems be off for a minimum of 5 minutes before restarting to allow equaliza­tion of pressure. The thermostat should not be moved to cycle unit without waiting 5
minutes. To do so may cause the compressor to go off on an automatic overload
device or blow a fuse. Poor electrical service can also cause nuisance tripping on
overloads, trip a breaker, or cause light dimming. This generally can be corrected
by adding start components. Check with factory for recommended start compo­nents, if required. For PSC type operation, refrigerant metering must be done with
fixed orifice, cap tubes or bleed type expansion valves because of low starting
torque. If non-bleed expansion valve coils (supplied by factory) are used, start com­ponents are required.

18

16.2 SINGLE-POLE COMPRESSOR CONTACTOR (CC)

Single-pole contactors are used on all standard single phase units up through 5
tons. Caution must be exercised when servicing as only one leg of the power sup­ply is broken with the contactor.

17.0 TROUBLE SHOOTING

In diagnosing common faults in the air conditioning system, it is useful to present
the logical pattern of thought that is used by experienced technicians. The charts
which follow are not intended to be an answer to all problems, but only to guide
your thinking as you attempt to decide on your course of action. Through a series of
yes and no answers, you will follow the logical path to a likely conclusion.

Use these charts as you would a road map, if you are a beginning technician. As
you gain experience, you will learn where to establish the shortcuts. Remember
that the chart will help clarify the logical path to the problem.

17.1 ELECTRICAL CHECKS FLOW CHART

Unit Running?

YES

Repair and Recheck

YES

Repair and Recheck

YES

Run Capacitor

Start Capacitor

Potential Relay

Compressor Internal

Overload Open

NO

Thermostat Problem?

NO

Transformer Problem?

NO

Voltage on Compressor

Side of Contactor?

NO

Circuit Breakers

or Fuses Open

YES

YES

Go to

Mechanical Checks

NO

Voltage on Line

Side of Contactor?

YES

Compressor Contactor

Hi Pressure Control

Compressor Winding Open

Unit Wiring and

Connections

Compressor Winding

Grounded

Condenser Fan

Grounded

Grounded Capacitor

Replace Fuses

or Reset Breakers and Recheck

Lo Pressure Control

Compressor Time-Delay

Unit Wiring and

Connections

19

17.2 MECHANICAL CHECKS FLOW CHART

Unit Running?

YES

Pressure problems?

High Head Pressure

Inoperative Outdoor Fan

Overcharge Low Ambient Temperature

Recirculation of

Condenser Air

Non-condensibles

Low Head Pressure

Low on Charge Dirty FiltersDirty Condenser Coil

Open IPR Valve Dirty Evaporator

Inoperative Compressor

Valves

Restricted Filter-drier

NO

Go to Electrical

Checks Flow Chart

Low Suction Pressure

Inadequate Airflow

Broken Indoor

Blower Belt

Inoperative Indoor Blower

Higher than Ambient

Air Entering Condenser

Wrong Condenser Fan Rotation

Indoor Metering Device

Stuck Open

Restriction in System

Indoor Metering

Device Stuck

Closed

Low on Charge

Faulty Metering Device

Restriction in System

Restricted Filter-drier

Recirculation of

Evaporator Air

Wrong Evaporator

Blower Rotation

Inadequate Ducts

20

TABLE 7

TEMPERATURE PRESSURE CHART

TEMP R-410A

(Deg. F) PSIG

-150 —

-140 —

-130 —

-120 —

-110 —

-100 —

-90 —

-80 —

-70 —

-60 0.4

-50 5.1

-40 10.9

-35 14.2

-30 17.9

-25 22.0

-20 26.4

-15 31.3

-10 36.5

-5 42.2
0 48.4
5 55.1

10 62.4
15 70.2
20 78.5
25 87.5
30 97.2
35 107.5
40 118.5
45 130.2
50 142.7
55 156.0
60 170.1
65 185.1
70 201.0
75 217.8
80 235.6
85 254.5
90 274.3

95 295.3
100 317.4
105 340.6
110 365.1
115 390.9
120 418.0
125 446.5
130 476.5
135 508.0
140 541.2
145 576.0
150 612.8

17.3 SUPERHEAT CALCULATION

1. Measure the suction pressure at the suction line service valve.

2. Convert the suction pressure to saturated temperature. See Table 7.

3. Measure the temperature of the suction line at the suction line service valve.

4. Compare the temperature of the suction line to the saturated temperature.

5. The difference between saturated temperature and suctin line temperature is the
superheat. Superheat normal range 12° to 15°.

17.4 SUBCOOLING CALCULATION

1. Measure the liquid pressure at the liquid line service valve.

2. Convert the liquid line pressure to saturated temperature. See Table 7.

3. Measure the liquid line temperature at the liquid line service valve.

4. Compare the liquid line temperature to the saturated temperature.

5. The difference between saturated temperature and liquid line temperature is the
subcooling. Subcooling normal range 9° to 12°.

TABLE 8

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS

SYSTEM PROBLEM

Overcharge High High Low High High

Undercharge Low Low High Low Low

Liquid Restriction (Drier) Low Low High High Low

Low Evaporator Airflow Low Low Low Low Low

Dirty Condenser High High Low Low High

Low Outside Ambient Temperature Low Low High High Low

Inefficient Compressor Low High High High Low

TXV Feeler Bulb Charge Lost Low Low High High Low

Poorly Insulated Sensing Bulb High High Low Low High

DISCHARGE SUCTION

PRESSURE PRESSURE AMPS

INDICATORS

SUPERHEAT SUBCOOLING

COMPRESSOR

21

17.5 GENERAL

TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART

!

WARNING

DISCONNECT ALL POWER TO UNIT BEFORE SERVICING. CONTACTOR MAY BREAK ONLY ONE SIDE. FAILURE
TO SHUT OFF POWER CAN CAUSE ELECTRICAL SHOCK RESULTING IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE REMEDY

Unit will not run • Power off or loose electrical connection • Check for correct voltage at contactor in condensing unit

Outdoor fan runs, compressor • Run or start capacitor defective • Replace

doesn’t • Start relay defective • Replace

Insufficient cooling • Improperly sized unit • Recalculate load

Compressor short cycles • Incorrect voltage • At compressor terminals, voltage must be ± 10% of

Registers sweat • Low indoor airflow • Increase speed of blower or reduce restriction - replace air

High head-low vapor pressures • Restriction in liquid line, expansion device or filter drier • Remove or replace defective component

High head-high or normal vapor • Dirty outdoor coil • Clean coil

pressure - Cooling mode • Refrigerant overcharge • Correct system charge

Low head-high vapor pressures • Flowcheck piston size too large • Change to correct size piston

Low vapor - cool compressor - • Low indoor airflow • Increase speed of blower or reduce restriction - replace air

iced indoor coil filter

High vapor pressure • Excessive load • Recheck load calculation

Fluctuating head & vapor • TXV hunting • Check TXV bulb clamp - check air distribution on coil - replace

pressures TXV

Gurgle or pulsing noise at • Air or non-condensibles in system • Recover refrigerant, evacuate & recharge

expansion device or liquid line

• Thermostat out of calibration-set too high • Reset

• Defective contactor • Check for 24 volts at contactor coil - replace if contacts are
open

• Blown fuses / tripped breaker • Replace fuses / reset breaker

• Transformer defective • Check wiring-replace transformer

• High pressure control open (if provided) • Reset-also see high head pressure remedy-The high pressure
control opens at 450 PSIG

• Loose connection • Check for correct voltage at compressor ­check & tighten all connections

• Compressor stuck, grounded or open motor winding, • Wait at least 2 hours for overload to reset.

open internal overload. If still open, replace the compressor.

• Low voltage condition • Add start kit components

• Improper indoor airflow • Check - should be approximately 400 CFM per ton.

• Incorrect refrigerant charge • Charge per procedure attached to unit service panel

• Air, non-condensibles or moisture in system • Recover refrigerant, evacuate & recharge, add filter drier

nameplate marking when unit is operating.

• Defective overload protector • Replace - check for correct voltage

• Refrigerant undercharge • Add refrigerant

filter

• Flowcheck piston size too small • Change to correct size piston

• Incorrect capillary tubes • Change coil assembly

• Outdoor fan not running • Repair or replace

• Air or non-condensibles in system • Recover refrigerant, evacuate & recharge

• Defective Compressor valves • Replace compressor

• Incorrect capillary tubes • Replace coil assembly

• Operating below 65°F outdoors • Add Low Ambient Kit

• Moisture in system • Recover refrigerant - evacuate & recharge - add filter drier

• Defective compressor • Replace

• Air or non-condensibles in system • Recover refrigerant, evacuate & recharge

22

01-19-04

JHB

90-101229-01

01

18.0 WIRING DIAGRAMS

FIGURE 4

18.1 PSC DIAGRAM
SINGLE-PHASE WIRING DIAGRAM

23

FIGURE 5

18.2 ECM DIAGRAM

24 CM 0509