The revision list can be viewed directly by
clicking the title page.
The revision list summarizes the locations of
revisions and additions. Details should always
be checked by referring to the relevant text.
16
Hardware Manual
Renesas 16-Bit Single-Chip Microcomputer
H8S Family/H8S/2300 Series
Rev.5.00
2003.12.15
Page 2
Page 3
Renesas 1 6-Bit Single-Chip Microcomputer
H8S Family/H8S/2300 Series
H8S/2319 Group,
H8S/2318 Group
Hardware Manual
REJ09B0089-0500O
Page 4
Cautions
Keep safety first in your circuit designs!
1. RenesasTechnology Corp.putsthe maximum effort into making semiconductor products better and morereliable, but there is
alwaysthe possibility that troublemay occur with them. Troublewith semiconductors may lead to personalinjury, fire or
property damage.
Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate measures such as (i)
placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of nonflammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or
mishap.
Notes regarding these materials
1. These materials are intended as a reference to assist our customers in the selection of the Renesas Technology Corp. product
best suited to the customer's application; they do not convey any license under any intellectual property rights, or any other
rights, belonging to Renesas Technology Corp. or a third party.
2. Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, or infringement of any third-party's rights, originating in
the use of any product data, diagrams, charts, programs, algorithms, or circuit application examples contained in these
materials.
3. All information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs and algorithms represents
information on productsat the time of publication of these materials, andare subject to change by RenesasTechnologyCorp.
without notice due to product improvements or other reasons. It is therefore recommended that customers contact Renesas
Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas Technology Corp. product distributor for the latest product information before
purchasinga product listed herein.
The information described here may contain technicalinaccuracies or typographicalerrors.
Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability, or other loss rising from these inaccuracies or
errors.
Please also pay attention to information published by Renesas Technology Corp. by various means, including the Renesas
Technology Corp. Semiconductor home page (http://www.renesas.com).
4. When using any or all of the information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs, and
algorithms, please besureto evaluateall information as a total systembefore making a final decision on the applicability of
the information and products. Renesas TechnologyCorp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liabilityor other loss
resulting from the information contained herein.
5. Renesas Technology Corp. semiconductors are not designed or manufactured for use in a device or system that is used under
circumstances in which human life is potentially at stake. Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas
Technology Corp. product distributor when considering the use of a product contained herein for any specific purposes, such
as apparatus or systems for transportation, vehicular, medical, aerospace, nuclear, or undersea repeater use.
6. The prior written approval of Renesas Technology Corp. is necessary to reprint or reproduce in whole or in part these
materials.
7. If these products or technologies are subject to the Japanese export control restrictions, they must be exported under a license
from the Japanese government and cannot be imported into a country other than the approved destination.
Any diversion or reexport contrary to the export control laws and regulations of Japan and/or the country of destination is
prohibited.
8. Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. for further details on these materials or the products contained therein.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page iv of xxx
Page 5
General Precautions on Handling of Product
1. Treatment of NC Pins
Note: Do not connect anything to the NC pins.
The NC (not connected) pins are eit her not connected to any of the internal circuitry or are
they are used as test pins or to reduce noise. If something is connected to the NC pins, the
operation of the LSI is not guaranteed.
2. Treatment of Unused Input Pins
Note: Fix all unused input pins to high or low level.
Generally, the input pins of CMOS products are high-impedance input pins. If unused pins
are in their open states, intermediate levels are induced by noise in the vicinity, a passthrough current flows internally, and a malfunction may occur.
3. Processing before Initialization
Note: When p ower is first supplied, the product’s state is u ndefined.
The states of internal circuits are undefined until full power is supplied throughout the chip
and a low level is input o n the reset pin. During the period where the states are undefined,
the register settings and the output state of each pin are also undefined. Design your
system so that it does not malfunction because of processing while it is in this undefined
state. For those products which have a reset function, reset the LSI immediately after the
power supply has been turned on.
4. Prohibition of Access to Undefined or Reserved Addresses
Note: Access to undefined or reserved addresses is prohibited.
The undefined or reserved addresses may be used to expand functions, or test registers
may have been be allocated to these addresses. Do not access these registers; the system’s
operation is not guaranteed if they are accessed.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page v of xxx
Page 6
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page vi of xxx
Page 7
Preface
This LSI is a single-chip microcomputer made up of the H8S/2000 CPU with an internal 32-bit
architecture as its core, and the peripheral functions required to configure a system.
This LSI is equipped with ROM, RAM, a bus controller, data transfer controller (DTC), a 16-bit
timer pulse unit (TPU), a watchdog timer (WDT ), a serial communication interface (SCI), a D/A
converter, an A/D converter, and I/O ports as on-chip supporting modules. This LSI is suitable for
use as an embedded processor for high-level control systems. Its on-chip ROM are flash memory
(F-ZTAT™*) and mask ROM that provides flexibility as it can be reprogrammed in no time to
cope with all situations from the early stages of mass production to full-scale mass production.
This is particularly applicable to application devices with specifications that will most probably
change.
Note: * F-ZTAT is a trademark of Renesas Technology Corp.
Target Users: This manual was written for users who will be using the H8S/2319 Group,
H8S/2318 Group in the design of application systems. Members of this audience are
expected to understand the fundamentals of electrical circuits, logical circuits, and
microcomputers.
Objective:This manual was written to explain the hardware functions and electrical
characteristics of the H8S/2319 Group, H8S/2318 Group to the above audience.
Refer to the H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Programming Manual for a detailed
description of the instruction set.
Notes on reading this manual:
• In order to understand the overall f unctions of the chip
Read the manual according to the contents. This manual can be roughly categorized into parts
on the CPU, system control functions, peripheral functions and electrical characteristics.
• In order to understand the details of the CPU's functions
Read the H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Programming Manual.
• In order to understand the details of a register when its name is known
The addresses, bits, and initial values of the registers are summarized in Appendix B, Internal
I/O Registers.
Example:Bit order: The MSB is on the left and the LSB is on the right.
Related Manuals:The latest versions of all related manuals are available from our web site.
Please ensure you have the latest versions of all documents you require.
(http://www.renesas.com/eng/)
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page vii of xxx
Page 8
H8S/2319 Group, H8S/2318 Group manuals:
Manual TitleADE No.
H8S/2319 Group, H8S/2318 Group Hardware ManualThis manual
H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Programming ManualADE-602-083
C.10 Po rt F .............................................................................................................................. 1065
C.11 Po rt G.............................................................................................................................. 1073
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page xxviii of xxx
Page 29
Appendix D Pin States..................................................................................................... 1078
D.1Port States in Each Mode................................................................................................ 1078
Appendix E Product Lineup........................................................................................... 1084
Appendix F Package Dimensions................................................................................. 1086
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page xxixof xxx
Page 30
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page xxxof xxx
Page 31
Section 1Overview
1.1Overview
The H8S/2319 Group and H8S/2318 Group are series of microcomputers (MCUs: microcomputer
units), built around the H8S/2000 CPU, employing Renesas's proprietary architecture, and
equipped with supporting functions on-chip.
The H8S/2000 CPU has an internal 32-bit architecture, is provided with sixteen 16-bit general
registers a nd a concise, optimized instruction set designed for high-speed operation, and can
address a 16-Mbyte li near address space. The instruction set is upward-compatible with H8/300
and H8/300H CPU instructions at the object-code level, facilitating migration from the H8/300,
H8/300L, or H8/300H Series.
On-chip supporting functions required for system configuration include data transfer controller
(DTC) bus masters, ROM and RAM memory, a 16-bit timer-pulse unit (TPU), 8-bit timer,
watchdog timer (WDT), serial communication interface (SCI), A/D converter, D/A converter, and
I/O ports.
Single-power-supply flash memory (F-ZTAT™*) and mask ROM versions are ava ilable,
providing a quick and flexible response to conditions from ramp-up through full-scale volume
production, even for applications with frequently changing specifications. ROM is connected to
the CPU via a 16-bit data bus, enabling both byte and word data to be accessed in one state.
Instruction fetching is thus speeded up, and processing speed increased.
The features of t he H8S/2319 Group and H8S/2318 Group are shown in table 1-1.
Note: *F-ZTAT is a trademark of Renesas Technology Corp.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 1 of 1088
Page 32
Table 1-1Overview
ItemSpecification
CPU
Bus controller
Data transfer
controller (DTC)
16-bit timer-pulse
unit (TPU)
• General-register machine
Sixteen 16-bit general registers (also usable as sixteen 8-bit registers
or eight 32-bit registers)
• High-speed operation suitable for realtime control
Maximum clock rate: 25 MHz
High-speed arithmetic operations
= –40°C to 85°C (wide-range specifications) is not available for
a
condition C.
2.In planning
3.The on-chip debug function can be used with the E10-A emulator
(E10-A compatible version). However, some function modules and
pin functions are unavailable when the on-chip debug function is in
use. Refer to figure 1-4 and figure 1-5, Pin Arrangement. (The SCI
channel 1 is unavailable when the on-chip debug function is in use.
Also, since the WDT continues to operate during break status, a
reset is generated when an overflow occurs if a setting is made to
reset the chip internally.)
4.This is a low-cost version. For specifications, refer to the items for
the H8S/2317.
1
*
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 6 of 1088
Page 37
ItemSpecification
Other features
• Differences between H8S/2319 F-ZTAT and H8S/2319C F-ZTAT
On-chip RAM
H8S/2319 F-ZTAT: 8 kbytes (H'FFDC00 to H'FFFBFF)
H8S/2319C F-ZTAT: 16 kbytes (H'FFBC00 to H'FFFBFF)
On-chip flash memory
The H8S/2319 F-ZTAT and H8S/2319C F-ZTAT both have 512 kbytes
of on-chip flash memory. However, the method for controlling the flash
memory is different for the two LSIs. When the on-chip flash memory
is enabled, the registers (parameters) used to control it are different.
For details, see the section about the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT and
H8S/2319C F-ZTAT in section 17, ROM.
Address map
The address maps of the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT and H8S/2319C F-ZTAT
differ in places. For details, see section 3.5, Memory Map in Each
Operating Mode.
Notes: 1. The FWE pin function is only available in the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT,
and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT.
The EMLE pin function is only available in the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT.
The V
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
pin function is only available in the H8S/2319C F-ZTAT.
Note: * The FWE pin function is only available in the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT,
and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT.
The EMLE pin function is only available in the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT.
The V
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
pin function is only available in the H8S/2319C F-ZTAT.
CL
Figure 1-2 Pin Arrangement (TFP-100B, TFP-100G: Top View)
PB7/A15
PB6/A14
PB5/A13
PB4/A12
PB3/A11
PB2/A10
PB1/A9
PB0/A8
V
CC
PC7/A7
PC6/A6
PC5/A5
PC4/A4
PC3/A3
PC2/A2
PC1/A1
PC0/A0
V
SS
PD7/D15
PD6/D14
Note: * The FWE pin function is only available in the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT,
and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT.
The EMLE pin function is only available in the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT.
The V
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
pin function is only available in the H8S/2319C F-ZTAT.
Note: * If an E10-A emulator is used, the TDO, TDI, TDK, TMS, and TRST pins are used exclusively for the H-UDI and the
functions and function modules associated with these pins are not available. (The SCI channel 1 is unavailable when
the on-chip debug function is in use. Also, since the WDT continues to operate during break status, a reset is
generated when an overflow occurs if a setting is made to reset the chip internally.)
Refer to the E10-A Emulator User's Manual for E10-A emulator connection examples.
Refer to the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT section for HD64F2319E.
Figure 1-4 HD64F2319E Pin Arrangement (TFP-100B: Top View)
PB7/A15
PB6/A14
PB5/A13
PB4/A12
PB3/A11
PB2/A10
PB1/A9
PB0/A8
V
CC
PC7/A7
PC6/A6
PC5/A5
PC4/A4
PC3/A3
PC2/A2
PC1/A1
PC0/A0
V
SS
PD7/D15
PD6/D14
Note: * If an E10-A emulator is used, the TDO, TDI, TDK, TMS, and TRST pins are used exclusively for the H-UDI and the
functions and function modules associated with these pins are not available. (The SCI channel 1 is unavailable when
the on-chip debug function is in use. Also, since the WDT continues to operate during break status, a reset is
generated when an overflow occurs if a setting is made to reset the chip internally.)
Refer to the E10-A Emulator User's Manual for E10-A emulator connection examples.
Refer to the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT section for HD64F2319E.
Figure 1-5 HD64F2319E Pin Arrangement (FP-100A: Top View)
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 12 of 1088
Page 43
1.3.2Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode
Table 1-2 shows the pin functions in each of t he operating modes.
V
991P10/TIOCA0/A20 P10/TIOCA0/A20 P10/TIOCA0/A20 P10/TIOCA0NC
1002P11/TIOCB0/A21 P11/TIOCB0/A21 P11/TIOCB0/A21 P11/TIOCB0NC
Notes: 1. Only modes 4 and 5 are available in the ROMless version.
2. The FWE pin function is only available in the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT,
H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT.
The EMLE pin function is only available in the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT.
The V
pin function is only available in the H8S/2319C F-ZTAT.
CL
It cannot be used as a WDTOVF pin in the F-ZTAT versions.
CC
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 16 of 1088
Page 47
1.3.3Pin Functions
Table 1-3Pin Functions
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TypeSymbol
PowerV
Internal voltage
CC
V
SS
1
*
V
CL
step-down pin
ClockXTAL6668InputConnects to a crystal oscillator.
EXTAL6769InputConnects to a crystal oscillator.
φ6971Output System clock: Supplies the system
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
40, 65,9842, 67,
100
InputPower supply: For connection to the
power supply. All V
pins should be
CC
connected to the system power
supply.
7, 18,
31, 49,
68, 88
9, 20,
33, 51,
70, 90
InputGround: For connection to ground
(0 V). All V
pins should be
SS
connected to the system power
supply (0 V).
6062Output An external capacitor should be
connected between this pin and GND
(0 V). Do not connect it to V
CC
See section 18, Clock Pulse
Generator, for typical connection
diagrams for a crystal oscillator and
external clock input.
The EXTAL pin can also input an
external clock.
See section 18, Clock Pulse
Generator, for typical connection
diagrams for a crystal oscillator and
external clock input.
clock to an external device.
.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 17 of 1088
Page 48
TypeSymbol
Operating mode
control
MD2 to
MD0
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
61, 58,5763, 60,59InputMode pins: These pins set the
operating mode.
The relation between the s ettings of
pins MD2 to MD0 and the operating
mode is shown below. These pins
should not be changed while the
H8S/2319 and H8S/2318 Groups are
operating.
• H8S/2318 F-ZTAT,
H8S/2317 F-ZTAT,
H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and
H8S/2314 F-ZTAT
Operating
FWE MD2 MD1 MD0
0001—
10—
100Mode4
10Mode 6
1000—
10Mode 10
100—
10Mode 14
Mode
1—
1Mode 5
1Mode 7
1—
1Mode 11
1—
1Mode 15
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 18 of 1088
Page 49
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TypeSymbol
Operating mode
control
MD2 to
MD0
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
61, 58,5763, 60,59Input
• Mask ROM and ROMless
versions, H8S/2319 F-ZTAT, and
H8S/2319C F-ZTAT
Operating
MD2MD1MD0
001Mode1
10Mode2
100Mode4
Mode
1Mode 2
1Mode 5
1
*
2
*
2
*
3
*
3
*
10Mode6
1Mode 7
System control RES6264InputReset input: When this pin is driven
low, the chip is reset.
STBY6466InputStandby: When this pin is driven low,
a transition is made to hardware
standby mode.
BREQ7678InputBus request: Used by an external
bus master to issue a bus request to
the H8S/2318 Group.
BREQO7476Output Bus request output: External bus
request signal used when an internal
bus master accesses external space
in the external-bus-released state.
BACK7577Output Bus request acknowledge: Indicates
that the bus has been released to an
external bus master.
4
*
FWE
6062InputFlash write enable: Enables or
disables writing to flash memory.
5
*
EMLE
6062InputEmulator enable: For connection to
ground (0 V).
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 19 of 1088
Page 50
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TypeSymbol
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
InterruptsNMI6365InputNonmaskable interrupt: Requests a
nonmaskable interrupt. When this pin
is not used, it should be fixed high.
IRQ7 to
IRQ0
Address busA23 to
A0
94, 93,
13, 12,
73 to 76
2, 1,
100, 99,
53 to 50,
48 to 41,
96, 95,
15, 14,
75 to 78
4to1,
55 to 52,
50 to 43,
41 to 34
InputInterrupt request 7 to 0: These pins
request a maskable interrupt.
Output Address bus: These pins output an
address.
39 to 32
Data busD15 to
D0
Bus controlCS7 to
CS0
30 to 19,
17 to 14
94 to 97
75, 76
32 to 21,
19 to 16
96 to 99
77, 78
I/OData bus: These pins constitute a
bidirectional data bus.
Output Chip select: Signals for selecting
areas 7 to 0.
AS7072Output Address strobe: When this pin is low,
it indicates that address output on
the address bus is enabled.
RD7173Output Read: When this pin is low, it
indicates that the external address
space c an be read.
HWR7274Output High write: A strobe signal that writes
to external space and indicates that
the upper half (D15 to D8) of the data
bus is enabled.
LWR7375Output Low write: A strobe signal that writes
to external space and indicates that
the lower half (D7 to D0) of the data
bus is enabled.
WAIT7476InputWait: Requests insertion of a wait
state in the bus cycle when
accessing external 3-state access
space.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 20 of 1088
Page 51
TypeSymbol
16-bit timerpulse unit
(TPU)
TCLKD to
TCLKA
TIOCA0,
TIOCB0,
TIOCC0,
TIOCD0
TIOCA1,
TIOCB1
TIOCA2,
TIOCB2
TIOCA3,
TIOCB3,
TIOCC3,
TIOCD3
TIOCA4,
TIOCB4
TIOCA5,
TIOCB5
8-bit timerTMO0,
TMO1
TMCI0,
TMCI1
TMRI0,
TMRI1
Watchdog
WDTOVF
timer (WDT)
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
6, 4, 2, 1 8, 6, 4, 3 InputClock input D to A: These pins input
an external clock.
99, 100,
1, 2
1 to 4I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A0 to D0: The TGR0A to TGR0D
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
3, 45, 6I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A1 and B1: The TGR1A and TGR1B
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
5, 67, 8I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A2 and B2: The TGR2A and TGR2B
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
54 to 56,5956 to 58,61I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A3 to D3: The TGR3A to TGR3D
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
89, 9091, 92I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A4 and B4: The TGR4A and TGR4B
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
91, 9293, 94I/OInput capture/ output compare match
A5 and B5: The TGR5A and TGR5B
input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
Pin for input of an external trigger to
start A/D conversion.
D/A converterDA1, DA0 86, 8588, 87Output Analog output: D/A converter analog
output pins.
A/D converter
and D/A
converters
AV
CC
7779InputThis is the power supply pin for the
A/D converter and D/A converter.
When the A/D converter and D/A
converter are not used, this pin
should be connected to the system
CC
).
AV
power supply (V
SS
8789InputThis is the ground pin for the A/D
converter and D/A converter.
This pin should be connected to the
system power supply (0 V).
V
ref
7880InputThis is the reference voltage input
pin for the A/D converter and D/A
converter.
When the A/D converter and D/A
converter are not used, this pin
should be connected to the system
CC
).
I/O portsP17 to
P10
6to1,
100, 99
power supply (V
8 to 1I/OPort 1: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 1 data direction
register (P1DDR).
P27 to
P20
92 to 89,
59,
56 to 54
94 to 91,
61,
58 to 56
I/OPort 2: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 2 data direction
register (P2DDR).
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 22 of 1088
Page 53
Pin No.
TFP-100B,
TypeSymbol
I/O portsP35 to
TFP-100G FP-100A I/OName and Function
13 to 815 to 10I/OPort 3: A 6-bit I/O port. Input or
P30
P47 to
86 to 7988 to 81InputPort 4: An 8-bit input port.
P40
PA3 to
53 to 5055 to 52I/OPort A
PA0
PB7 to
48 to 4150 to 43I/OPort B
PB0
PC7 to
39 to 3241 to 34I/OPort C
PC0
PD7 to
30 to 2332 to 25I/OPort D
PD0
PE7 to
PE0
PF7 to
22 to 19,
17 to 14
24 to 21,
19 to 16
69 to 7671 to 78I/OPort F: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
PF0
PG4 to
97 to 9399 to 95I/OPort G: A 5-bit I/O port. Input or
PG0
Notes: 1. Applies to the H8S/2319C F-ZTAT only.
2. Applies to the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT and H8S/2319C F-ZTAT only.
3. Only modes 4 and 5 are available in the ROMless versions.
4. Applies to the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and
H8S/2314 F-ZTAT only.
5. Applies to the H8S/2319 F-ZTAT only.
6. Applies to mask ROM and ROMless versions only.
Cannot be used as an I/O port in the ROMless versions.
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 3 data direction
register (P3DDR).
7
*
: A 4-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port A data direction
register (PADDR).
7
*
: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port B data direction
register (PBDDR).
7
*
: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port C data direction
register (PCDDR).
7
*
: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port D data direction
register (PDDDR).
I/OPort E: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port E data direction
register (PEDDR).
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port F data direction
register (PFDDR).
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port G data direction
register (PGDDR).
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 23 of 1088
Page 54
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Section 2CPU
2.1Overview
The H8S/2000 CPU is a high-speed central processing unit with an internal 32-bit architecture that
is upward-compatible with the H8/300 and H8/300H CPUs. The H8S/2000 CPU has sixteen 16-bit
general registers, can address a 16-Mbyte (4-Gbyte architecturally) linear address space, and is
ideal for realtime control.
2.1.1Features
The H8S/2000 CPU has the following features.
• Upward-compatible with H8/300 and H8/300H CPUs
Can execute H8/300 and H8/300H object programs
• General-register architecture
Sixteen 16-bit general registers (also usable as sixteen 8-bit registers or eight 32-bit
registers)
• Sixty-five basic instructions
8/16/32-bit arithmetic and logic instructions
Multiply and divide instructions
Powerful bit-manipulationinstructions
• Eight addressing modes
Register direct [Rn]
Register indirect [@ERn]
Register indirect with displacement [@(d:16,ERn) or @(d:32,ERn)]
Register indirect with post-increment or pre-decrement [@ERn+ or @–ERn]
Absolute address [@aa:8, @aa:16, @aa:24, or @aa:32]
Immediate [#xx:8, #xx:16, or #xx:32]
Program-counter relative [@(d:8,PC) or @(d:16,PC)]
Memory indirect [@@aa:8]
• High-speed operation
All frequently-used instructions execute in one or two states
Maximum clock rate: 25 MHz
8/16/32-bit register-register add/subtract : 40 ns
8 × 8-bit register-register multiply: 480 ns
16 ÷ 8-bit register-register divide: 480 ns
16 × 16-bit register-register multiply: 800 ns
32 ÷ 16-bit register-register divide: 800 ns
• CPU operating mode
Advanced mode
• Power-down state
Transition to power-down state by SLEEP instruction
CPU clock speed selection
2.1.2Differences between H8S/2600 CPU and H8S/2000 CPU
The differences between the H8S/2600 CPU and the H8S/2000 CPU are as shown below.
• Register configuration
The MAC register is supported only by the H8S/2600 CPU.
• Basic instructions
The four instructions MAC, CLRMAC, LDMAC, and STMAC are supported only by the
H8S/2600 CPU.
• Number of execution states
The number of exection states of the MULXU and MULXS instructions.
Internal Operation
InstructionMnemonicH8S/2600H8S/2000
MULXUMULXU.B Rs, Rd312
MULXU.W Rs, ERd420
MULXSMULXS.B Rs, Rd413
MULXS.W Rs, ERd521
There are also differences in the address space, CCR and EXR functions, power-down state, etc.,
depending on the product.
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2.1.3Differences from H8/300 CPU
In comparison to the H8/300 CPU, the H8S/2000 CPU has the following enhancements.
• More general registers and control registers
Eight 16-bit expanded registers, and one 8-bit control register, have been added.
• Expanded address space
Advanced mode supports a maximum 16-Mbyte address space.
• Enhanced addressing
The addressing modes have been enhanced to make effective use of the 16-Mb yte address
space.
• Enhanced instructions
Addressing modes of bit-manipulation instructions have been enhanced.
Signed multiply and divide instructions have been added.
Two-bit shift instructions have been added.
Instructions for saving and restoring multiple registers have been added.
A test and set instruction has been added.
• Higher speed
Basic instructions execute twice as fast.
2.1.4Differences from H8/300H CPU
In comparison to the H8/300H CPU, the H8S/2000 CPU has the following enhancements.
• Additional control register
One 8-bit control register has been added.
• Enhanced instructions
Addressing modes of bit-manipulation instructions have been enhanced.
Two-bit shift instructions have been added.
Instructions for saving and restoring multiple registers have been added.
A test and set instruction has been added.
• Higher speed
Basic instructions execute twice as fast.
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2.2CPU Operating Modes
The H8S/2319 Group and H8S/2318 Group CPUs have advanced operating mode. Advanced
mode supports a maximum 16-Mbyte total address space (architecturally a maximum 16-Mbyte
program area and a maximum of 4 Gbytes for program and data areas combined). The mode is
selected by the mode pins of the microcontroller.
Advanced Mode
Address Space: Linear access is provided to a 16-Mbyte maximum address space (architecturally
a maximum 16-Mbyte program area and a maximum 4-Gbyte data area, with a maximum of 4
Gbytes for program and data areas combined).
Extended Registers (En): The extended registers (E0 to E7) can be used as 16-bit r egisters, or as
the upper 16-bit segments of 32-bit registers or address registers.
Instruction Set: All instructions and addressing modes can be used.
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Exception Vector Table and Memory Indirect Branch Addresses: In advanced mode the top
area starting at H'00000000 is allocated to the exception vector table in units of 32 bits. In each 32
bits, the upper 8 bits are ignored and a branch address is stored in the lower 24 bits (figure 2-1).
For details of the exception vector table, see section 4, Exception Handling.
H'00000000
H'00000003
H'00000004
H'00000007
H'00000008
H'0000000B
H'0000000C
H'00000010
Reserved
Power-on reset exception vector
Reserved
Exception vector table
(Reserved for system use)
Reserved
Exception vector 1
Figure 2-1 Exception Vector Table (Advanced Mode)
The memory indirect addressing mode (@@aa:8) employed in the JMP and JSR instructions uses
an 8-bit absolute address included in the instruction code to specify a memory operand that
contains a branch address. In advanced mode the operand is a 32-bit longword operand, providing
a 32-bit branch address. The upper 8 bits of these 32 bits are a reserved area that is regarded as
H'00. Branch addresses can be stored in the area from H'00000000 to H'000000FF. Note that the
first p art of this range is also the exception vector table.
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Stack Structure: In advanced mode, when the program counter (PC) is pushed onto the stack in a
subroutine call, and the PC, condition-code register (CCR), and extended control register (EXR)
are pushed onto the stack in exception handling, they are stored as shown in figure 2-2. When
EXR is invalid, it is not pushed onto the stack. For details, see section 4, Exception Handling.
*1
EXR
Reserved
CCR
PC
(24 bits)
*1 *3
SP
SP
Reserved
PC
*2
(SP )
(24 bits)
(a) Subroutine Branch(b) Exception Handling
Notes: 1.
When EXR is not used it is not stored on the stack.
2.
SP when EXR is not used.
3.
Ignored when returning.
Figure 2-2 Stack Structure in Advanced Mode
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2.3Address Space
Figure 2-3 shows a memory map of the H8S/2000 CPU. The H8S/2000 CPU provides linear
access to a maximum 16-Mbyte (4-Gbyte architecturally) address space in advanced mode.
H'00000000
Program area
H'00FFFFFF
H'FFFFFFFF
Data area
Cannot be
used by the
H8S/2319 and
H8S/2318
Groups
Advanced Mode
Figure 2-3 Memory Map
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2.4Register Configuration
2.4.1Overview
The CPU has the internal registers shown in figure 2-4. There are two types of registers: general
registers and control registers.
General Registers (Rn) and Extended Registers (En)
1507070
ER0
ER1
ER2
ER3
ER4
ER5
ER6
ER7 (SP)
Control Registers (CR)
E0
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7
230
R0H
R1H
R2H
R3H
R4H
R5H
R6H
R7H
PC
R0L
R1L
R2L
R3L
R4L
R5L
R6L
R7L
76543210
T
76543210
IUIHUNZ VCCCR
Legend:
SP:
PC:
EXR:
T:
I2 to I0:
CCR:
I:
UI:
Note: * In the H8S/2319 and H8S/2318 Groups, this bit cannot be used as an interrupt mask.
Stack pointer
Program counter
Extended control register
Trace bit
Interrupt mask bits
Condition-code register
Interrupt mask bit
User bit or interrupt mask bit*
H:
U:
N:
Z:
V:
C:
Half-carry flag
User bit
Negative flag
Zero flag
Overflow flag
Carry flag
Figure 2-4 CPU Registers
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 32 of 1088
I2 I1 I0EXR
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2.4.2General Registers
The CPU has eight 32-bit general registers. These general registers are all functionally alike and
can be used as both address registers and data registers. When a general register is used as a data
register, it can be accessed as a 32-bit, 16-bit, or 8-bit register. When the general registers are used
as 32-bit registers or address registers, they are designated b y the letters ER (ER0 to ER7).
The ER registers divide into 16-bit general registers designated by the letters E (E0 to E7) and R
(R0 to R7). These registers are functionally equivalent, providing a maximum sixteen 16-bit
registers. The E registers (E0 to E7) are also referred to as extended registers.
The R registers divide into 8-bit general registers designated by the letters RH (R0H to R7H) and
RL (R0L to R7L). These registers are functionally equivalent, providing a maximum sixteen 8-bit
registers.
Figure 2-5 illustrates the usage of the general registers. The usage of each re gister can be selected
independently.
General register ER7 has the function of stack pointer (SP) in addition to its general-register
function, and is used implicitly in exception handling and subroutine calls. Figure 2-6 shows the
stack.
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Free area
SP (ER7)
Stack area
Figure 2-6 Stack
2.4.3Control Registers
The control registers are the 24-bit program counter (PC), 8-bit extended control register (EXR),
and 8-bit condition-code register (CCR).
(1) ProgramCounter (PC): This 24-bit counter indicates the address of the next instruction the
CPU will execute. The length of all CPU instructions is 2 bytes (one word), so the least significant
PC bit is ignored (When an instruction is fetched, the least significant PC bit is regarded as 0).
(2) Extended Control Register (EXR): This 8-bit register contains the trace bit (T) and three
interrupt mask bits (I2 to I0).
Bit 7—Trace Bit (T): Selects trace mode. When this bit is cleared to 0, instructions are executed
in sequence. When this bit is set to 1, a trace exception is generated each time an instruction is
executed.
Bits 6 to 3—Reserved: T hese b its are reserved. They are always read as 1.
Bits 2 to 0—Interrupt Mask Bits (I2 to I0): These bits designate the interrupt mask level (0 to
7). For details, refer to section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Operations can be performed on the EXR bits by the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC
instructions. All interrupts, including NMI, are disabled for three states after one of these
instructions is executed, except for STC.
(3) Condition-Code Register (CCR): This 8-bit register contains internal CPU status
information, including an interrupt mask bit (I) and half-carry (H), ne gative (N), zero (Z),
overflow (V), and carry (C) flags.
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Bit 7—Interrupt Mask Bit (I): Masks interrupts other than NMI when set to 1. (NMI is accepted
regardless of the I bit setting.) The I bit is set to 1 by hardware at the start of an exceptionhandling sequence. For details, refer to section 5 , Interrupt Controller.
Bit 6—User Bit or Interrupt Mask Bit (UI): Can be written and read by software using the
LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC instructions. With the H8S/2319 and H8S/2318 Groups, this
bit cannot be used as an interrupt mask bit.
Bit 5—Half-Carry Flag (H): When the ADD.B, ADDX.B, SUB.B, SUBX.B, CMP.B, or NEG.B
instruction is executed, this flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 3, and cleared to 0
otherwise. When the ADD.W, SUB.W, CMP.W, or NEG.W instruction is executed, the H flag is
set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 11, and cleared to 0 otherwise. When the ADD.L,
SUB.L, CMP.L, or NEG.L instruction is executed, the H flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or
borrow at bit 27, and cleared to 0 otherwise.
Bit 4—User Bit (U): Can be written and read by software using the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and
XORC instructions.
Bit 3—Negative Flag (N): Stores the value of the most significant bit (sign bit) of data.
Bit 2—Zero Flag (Z): Set to 1 to indicate zero data, and cleared to 0 to indicate non-zero data.
Bit 1—Overflow Flag (V): Set to 1 when an arithmetic overflow occurs, and cleared to 0 at other
times.
Bit 0—Carry Flag (C): Set to 1 when a carry occurs, and cleared to 0 otherwise. Used by:
• Add instructions, to indicate a carry
• Subtract instructions, to indicate a borrow
• Shift and rotate instructions, to store the value shifted out of the end bit
The carry flag is also used as a bit accumulator b y bit manipulation instructions.
Some instructions leave some or all of the flag bits unchanged. For the action of each instruction
on the flag bits, refer to Appendix A.1, Instruction List.
Operations can be performed on the CCR bits by the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC
instructions. The N, Z, V, and C flags are used as branching conditions for conditional branch
(Bcc) instructions.
2.4.4Initial Register Values
Reset exception handling loads the CPU's program counter (PC) from the vector table, clears the
trace bit in EXR to 0, and sets the interrupt mask bits in CCR and EXR to 1. The other CCR bits
and the general registers are not initialized. In particular, the stack pointer (ER7) is not initialized.
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Page 66
The stack pointer should therefore be initialized by an MOV.L instruction executed immediately
after a reset.
2.5Data Formats
The CPU can process 1-bit, 4-bit (BCD), 8-bit (byte), 16-bit (word), and 32-bit (longword) data.
Bit-manipulation instructions operate on 1-bit data by accessing bit n (n = 0, 1, 2, …, 7) of byte
operand data. The DAA and DAS decimal-adjust instructions treat byte data as two digits of 4-bit
BCD data.
2.5.1General Register Data Formats
Figure 2-7 shows the data formats in general registers.
Data TypeRegister NumberData Format
1-bit data
1-bit data
4-bit BCD data
4-bit BCD data
Byte data
Byte data
RnH
RnL
RnH
RnL
RnH
RnL
70
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0Don't care
Don't care76543210
70
70
MSBLSB
43
Don't care
Don't care
Figure 2-7 General Register Data Formats
70
Don't careUpperLower
Upper
Don't care
43
Lower
LSB
70
70
MSB
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Data TypeRegister NumberData Format
Word data
Word data
15
MSBLSB
Longword dataERn
31
MSB
Legend:
ERn:
General register ER
En:
General register E
Rn:
General register R
RnH:
General register RH
RnL:
General register RL
MSB:
Most significant bit
LSB:
Least significant bit
Rn
En
16
EnRn
15
MSBLSB
0
15
0
0
LSB
Figure 2-7 General Register Data Formats (cont)
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Page 68
2.5.2Memory Data Formats
Figure 2-8 shows the data formats in memory. The CPU can access word data and longword data
in memory, but word or longword data must begin at an even address. If an attempt is made to
access word or longword data at an odd address, no address error occurs but the least significant
bit of the address is regarded as 0, so the access starts at the preceding address. This also applies to
instruction fetches.
Data TypeData Format
Address
70
1-bit data
Address L
76543210
Byte data
Word data
Longword data
Address L
Address 2M
Address 2M + 1
Address 2N
Address 2N + 1
Address 2N + 2
Address 2N + 3
MSBLSB
MSB
LSB
MSB
LSB
Figure 2-8 Memory Data Formats
When ER7 is used as an address r egister to access the stack, the operand size should be word size
or longword size.
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2.6Instruction Set
2.6.1Overview
The H8S/2000 CPU has 65 types of instructions. The instructions are classified by function in
table 2-1.
,JMP,BSR,JSR,RTS—5
System controlTRAPA, RTE, SLEEP, LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, XORC, NOP —9
Block data transfer EEPMOV—1
Legend: B: byte size; W: word size; L: longword size.
Notes: 1. POP.W Rn and PUSH.W Rn are identical to MOV.W @SP+, Rn and MOV.W Rn,
@-SP. POP.L ERn and PUSH.L ERn are identical to MOV.L @SP+, ERn and MOV.L
ERn, @-SP.
2. Bcc is the general name for conditional branch instructions.
3. Cannot be used in the H8S/2319 and H8S/2318 Groups.
4. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
1
*
3
*
WL
B
B
B14
Total65
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2.6.2Instructions and Addressing Modes
Table 2-2 indicates the combinations of instructions and addressing modes that the H8S/2600 CPU
can use.
Table 2-2Combinations of Instructions and Addressing Modes
Addressing Modes
Function
Data
transfer
Arithmetic
operations
Logic
operations
Shift
Bit manipulation
Branch
System
control
Block data transfer
Legend:
Size refers to the operand size.
B: Byte
W: Word
L: Longword
Notes: 1. Cannot be used in the H8S/2319 and H8S/2318 Groups.
2. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
Instruction
#xx
Rn
@ERn
@(d:16,ERn)
@(d:32,ERn)
@−ERn/@ERn+
@aa:8
MOV BWL BWL BWL BWL BWL BWL B BWL BWL
POP, PUSH WL
LDM, STM L
MOVFPE, B
MOVTPE
ADD, CMP BWL BWL
SUB WL BWL
ADDX, SUBX B B
ADDS, SUBS L
INC, DEC BWL
DAA, DAS B
MULXU, BW
DIVXU
MULXS, BW
DIVXS
NEG BWL
EXTU, EXTS WL
TAS
AND, OR, BWL BWL
XOR
NOT BWL
BWL
B B B B B
Bcc, BSR
JMP, JSR
RTS
TRAPA
RTE
SLEEP
LDC B B W W W W W W
STC B W W W W W W
ANDC, B
ORC, XORC
NOP
BW
1
*
2
*
B
@aa:16
@aa:24
@aa:32
@(d:8,PC)
@(d:16,PC)
@@aa:8
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2.6.3Table of Instructions Classified by Function
Table 2-3 summarizes the instructions in each functional category. The notation used in table 2-3
is defined below.
Operation Notation
RdGeneral register (destination)
RsGeneral register (source)
RnGeneral register
ERnGeneral register (32-bit register)
(EAd)Destination operand
(EAs)Source operand
EXRExtended control register
CCRCondition-code register
NN (negative) flag in CCR
ZZ (zero) flag in CCR
VV (overflow) flag in CCR
CC (carry) flag in CCR
PCProgram counter
SPStack pointer
#IMMImmediate data
dispDisplacement
+Addition
–Subtraction
×Multiplication
÷Division
∧Logical AND
∨Logical OR
⊕Logical exclusive OR
→Move
¬NOT (logical complement)
:8/:16/:24/:328-, 16-, 24-, or 32-bit length
Note: *General registers include 8-bit registers (R0H to R7H, R0L to R7L), 16-bit registers (R0 to
R7, E0 to E7), and 32-bit registers (ER0 to ER7).
*
*
*
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Table 2-3Instructions Classified by Function
1
TypeInstructionSize
Data transferMOVB/W/L(EAs) → Rd, Rs → (Ead)
MOVFPEBCannot be used in the H8S/2357 Series.
MOVTPEBCannot be used in the H8S/2357 Series.
POPW/L@SP+ → Rn
PUSHW/LRn → @–SP
LDML@SP+ → Rn (register list)
STMLRn (register list) → @–SP
*
Function
Moves data between two general registers or between a
general register and memory, or moves immediate data
to a general register.
Pops a register from the stack. POP.W Rn is identical to
MOV.W @SP+, Rn. POP.L ERn is identical to MOV.L
@SP+, ERn.
Pushes a register onto the stack. PUSH.W Rn is
identical to MOV.W Rn, @–SP. PUSH.L ERn is identical
to MOV.L ERn, @–SP.
Pops two or more general registers from the stack.
Pushes two or more general registers onto the stack.
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TypeInstructionSize
Arithmetic
operations
ADD
SUB
ADDX
B/W/LRd ± Rs → Rd, Rd ± #IMM → Rd
BRd±Rs±C→ Rd, Rd ± #IMM ± C → Rd
SUBX
INC
B/W/LRd ± 1 → Rd, Rd ± 2 → Rd
DEC
ADDS
LRd±1→ Rd, Rd ± 2 → Rd, Rd ± 4 → Rd
SUBS
DAA
BRd decimal adjust → Rd
DAS
MULXUB/WRd × Rs → Rd
MULXSB/WRd × Rs → Rd
DIVXUB/WRd ÷ Rs → Rd
1
*
Function
Performs addition or subtraction on data in two general
registers, or on immediate data and data in a general
register. (Immediate byte data cannot be subtracted
from byte data in a general register. Use the SUBX or
ADD instruction.)
Performs addition or subtraction with carry or borrow on
byte data in two general registers, or on immediate data
and data in a general register.
Increments or decrements a general register by 1 or 2.
(Byte operands can be incremented or decremented by
1 only.)
Adds or subtracts the value 1, 2, or 4 to or from data in a
32-bit register.
Decimal-adjusts an addition or subtraction result in a
general register by referring to the CCR to produce 4-bit
BCD data.
Performs unsigned multiplication on data in two general
registers: either 8 b its × 8bits→ 16 bits or 16 bits ×
16 bits → 32 bits.
Performs signed multiplication on data in two general
registers: either 8 b its × 8bits→ 16 bits or 16 bits ×
16 bits → 32 bits.
Performs unsigned division on data in two general
registers: either 16 bits ÷ 8 bits → 8-bit quotient and 8-bit
remainder or 32 bits ÷ 16 bits → 16-bit quotient and 16bit remainder.
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Page 74
TypeInstructionSize
Arithmetic
DIVXSB/WRd ÷ Rs → Rd
operations
CMPB/W/LRd–Rs, Rd–#IMM
NEGB/W/L0–Rd→ Rd
EXTUW/LRd (zero extension) → Rd
EXTSW/LRd (sign extension) → Rd
TASB@ERd–0,1→ (<bit7>of@Erd)
1
*
Function
Performs signed division on data in two general
registers: either 16 bits ÷ 8 bits → 8-bit quotient and 8-bit
remainder or 32 bits ÷ 16 bits → 16-bit quotient and 16bit remainder.
Compares data in a general register with data in another
general register or with immediate data, and sets CCR
bits according to the result.
Takes the two's c omplement (arithmetic complement) of
data in a general register.
Extends the lower 8 bits of a 16-bit register to word size,
or the lower 16 bits of a 32-bit register to longword size,
by padding with zeros on the left.
Extends the lower 8 bits of a 16-bit register to word size,
or the lower 16 bits of a 32-bit register to longword size,
by extending the sign bit.
2
*
Tests memory contents, and sets the most significant bit
(bit 7) to 1.
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TypeInstructionSize
Logic
ANDB/W/LRd ∧ Rs → Rd, Rd ∧ #IMM → Rd
operations
ORB/W/LRd ∨ Rs → Rd, Rd ∨ #IMM → Rd
XORB/W/LRd ⊕ Rs → Rd, Rd ⊕ #IMM → Rd
NOTB/W/L¬ (Rd) → (Rd)
Shift
operations
SHAL
SHAR
SHLL
B/W/LRd (shift) → Rd
B/W/LRd (shift) → Rd
SHLR
ROTL
B/W/LRd (rotate) → Rd
ROTR
ROTXL
B/W/LRd (rotate) → Rd
ROTXR
1
*
Function
Performs a logical AND operation on a general register
and another general register or immediate data.
Performs a logical OR operation on a general register
and another general register or immediate data.
Performs a logical exclusive OR operation on a general
register and another general register or immediate data.
Takes the one's complement of general register
contents.
Performs an arithmetic shift on general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit shift is possible.
Performs a logical shift on general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit shift is possible.
Rotates general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit rotation is possible.
Rotates general register contents through the carry flag.
1-bit or 2-bit rotation is possible.
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TypeInstructionSize
Bit-
BSETB1 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
manipulation
instructions
BCLRB0 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
BNOTB¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
BTSTB¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → Z
BAND
BIAND
BOR
BIOR
B
B
B
B
1
*
Function
Sets a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to 1. The bit number is specified by 3-bit
immediate data or the lower three bits of a general
register.
Clears a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to 0. The bit number is specified by 3-bit
immediate data or the lower three bits of a general
register.
Inverts a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate
data or the lower three bits of a general register.
Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand and sets or clears the Z flag accordingly. The
bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the
lower three bits of a general register.
C ∧ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ANDs the carry flag with a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand and stores the result in the
carry flag.
C ∧ ¬(<bit-No.>of<EAd>)→ C
ANDs the carry flag with the inverse of a specified bit in
a general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
C ∨ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ORs the carry flag with a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand and stores the result in the
carry flag.
C ∨ ¬(<bit-No.>of<EAd>)→ C
ORs the carry flag with the inverse of a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 46 of 1088
Page 77
TypeInstructionSize
Bit-
BXOR
B
manipulation
instructions
BIXOR
BLD
BILD
BST
BIST
B
B
B
B
B
1
*
Function
C ⊕ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Exclusive-ORs the carry flag with a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
C ⊕ ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Exclusive-ORs the carry flag with the inverse of a
specified bit in a general register or memory operand
and stores the result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
(<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Transfers a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to the carry flag.
¬(<bit-No.>of<EAd>)→ C
Transfers the i nverse of a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand to the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
C → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Transfers the c arry flag value to a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand.
¬C→ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Transfers the i nverse of the c arry flag value to a
specified bit in a general register or memory operand.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 47 of 1088
Page 78
TypeInstructionSizeFunction
Branch
instructions
Bcc—Branches to a specified relative address if a specified
condition is true. The branching conditions are listed
below.
JMP—Branches unconditionally to a specified absolute
BSR—Branches to a subroutine at a specified relative address.
JSR—Branches to a subroutine at a specified absolute
RTS—Returns from a subroutine.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 48 of 1088
address.
address.
Page 79
1
TypeInstructionSize
*
Function
System control TRAPA—Starts trap-instruction exception handling.
instructions
RTE—Returns from an exception-handling routine.
SLEEP—Causes a transition to a power-down state.
LDCB/W(EAs) → CCR, (EAs) → EXR
Moves the source operand contents or immediate data
to CCR or EXR. Although CCR and EXR are 8-bit
registers, word-size transfers are performed between
them and memory. The upper 8 bits are valid.
STCB/WCCR → (EAd), EXR → (EAd)
Transfers CCR or EXR contents to a general register or
memory. Although CCR and EXR are 8-bit registers,
word-size transfers are performed between them and
memory. The upper 8 bits are valid.
ANDCBCCR ∧ #IMM → CCR, EXR ∧ #IMM → EXR
Logically ANDs the CCR or EXR contents with
immediate data.
ORCBCCR ∨ #IMM → CCR, EXR ∨ #IMM → EXR
Logically ORs the CCR or EXR contents with immediate
data.
XORCBCCR ⊕ #IMM → CCR, EXR ⊕ #IMM → EXR
Logically exclusive-ORs the CCR or EXR contents with
immediate data.
NOP—PC + 2 → PC
Only increments the program counter.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 49 of 1088
Page 80
TypeInstructionSizeFunction
Block data
transfer
instruction
Notes: 1. Size refers to the operand size.
2. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
EEPMOV.B
EEPMOV.W——
B: Byte
W: Word
L: Longword
if R4L ≠ 0then
Repeat @ER5+ → @ER6+
Until R4L = 0
else next;
if R4 ≠ 0 then
Repeat @ER5+ → @ER6+
Until R4 = 0
else next;
Transfers a data block according to parameters set in
general registers R4L or R4, ER5, and ER6.
R4L or R4: size of block (bytes)
Execution of the next instruction begins as soon as the
transfer is completed.
R4L–1 → R4L
R4–1 → R4
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 50 of 1088
Page 81
2.6.4Basic Instruction Formats
The CPU instructions consist of 2-byte (1-word) units. An instruction consists of an operation
field (op field), a register field (r field), an effective address extension (EA field), and a condition
field (cc).
Figure 2-9 shows examples o f instruction formats.
(1) Operation field only
op
(2) Operation field and register fields
op
(3) Operation field, register fields, and effective address extension
op
EA (disp)
(4) Operation field, effective address extension, and condition field
opccEA (disp)BRA d:16, etc
rn
rnrm
rm
NOP, RTS, etc.
ADD.B Rn, Rm, etc.
MOV.B @(d:16, Rn), Rm, etc.
Figure 2-9 Instruction Formats (Examples)
(1) Operation Field: Indicates the function of the instruction, the addressing mode, and the
operation to be carried out on the operand. The operation field always includes the first four bits of
the instruction. Some instructions have two operation fields.
(2) Register Field: Specifies a general register. Address registers are specified by 3 bits, data
registers by 3 bits or 4 bits. Some instructions have two register fields. Some have no register
field.
(3) Effective Address Extension: Eight, 16, or 32 bits specifying immediate data, an absolute
address, or a displacement.
(4) Condition Field: Specifies the branching condition of Bcc instructions.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 51 of 1088
Page 82
2.7Addressing Modes and Effective Address Calculation
2.7.1Addressing Mode
The CPU supports the eight addressing modes listed in table 2-4. Each instruction uses a subset of
these addressing modes. Arithmetic and logic instructions can use the register direct and
immediate modes. Data transfer instructions can use all addressing modes except program-counter
relative and memory indirect. Bit manipulation instructions use register direct, register indirect, or
absolute addressing mode to specify an operand, and register direct (BSET, BCLR, BNOT, and
BTST instructions) or immediate (3-bit) addressing mode to specify a bit number in the operand.
Table 2-4Addressing Modes
No.Addressing ModeSymbol
1Register directRn
2Register indirect@ERn
3Register indirect with displacement@(d:16,ERn)/@(d:32,ERn)
4Register indirect with post-increment
(1) Register Direct—Rn: The register field of the instruction specifies an 8-, 16-, or 32-bit
general register containing the operand. R0H to R7H and R0L to R7L can be specified as 8-bit
registers. R0 to R7 and E0 to E7 can be specified as 16-bit r egisters. ER0 to ER7 can be specified
as 32-bit registers.
(2) Register Indirect—@ERn: The register field of the instruction code specifies an address
register (ERn) which contains the address of the operand on memory. If the address is a program
instruction address, the lower 24 bits are valid and the upper 8 bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00).
(3) Register Indirect w ith Displacement—@(d:16, ERn) or @(d:32, ERn): A 16-bit or 32-bit
displacement contained in the instruction is added to an address register (ERn) specified by the
register field o f the instruction, and the sum gives the address of a memory operand. A 16-bit
displacement is sign-extended when added.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 52 of 1088
Page 83
(4) Register Indirect with Post-Increment or Pre-Decrement—@ERn+ or @-ERn:
• Register indirect with post-increment—@ERn+
The register field of the instruction code specifies an address register (ERn) which contains the
address of a memory operand. After the operand is accessed, 1, 2, or 4 is added to the address
register contents and the sum is stored in the address register. The value added is 1 for byte
access, 2 for word transfer instruction, or 4 for longword transfer instruction. For word or
longword transfer instruction, the register value should be even.
• Register indirect with pre-decrement—@-ERn
The value 1, 2, or 4 is subtracted from an address register (ERn) specified by the register field
in the instruction code, and the result becomes the address of a memory operand. The result is
also stored in the address register. T he value subtracted is 1 for byte access, 2 for word transfer
instruction, or 4 for longword transfer instruction. For word or longword transfer instruction,
the register value should be even.
(5) Absolute Address—@aa:8, @aa:16, @aa:24, or @aa:32: The instruction code contains the
absolute address of a memory operand. The absolute address may be 8 bits long (@aa:8), 16 bits
long (@aa:16), 24 bits long (@aa:24), or 32 bits long (@aa:32).
To access data, the absolute address should be 8 bits (@aa:8), 16 bits (@aa:16), or 32 bits
(@aa:32) long. For an 8-bit absolute address, the upper 24 bits are all assumed to be 1 (H'FFFF).
For a 16-bit absolute address the upper 16 bits are a sign extension. A 32-bit absolute address can
access the entire address space.
A 24-bit absolute address (@aa:24) indicates the address of a program instruction. The upper 8
bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00).
Table 2-5 indicates the accessible absolute address ranges.
Table 2-5Absolute Address Access Ranges
Absolute AddressAdvanced Mode
Data address8 bits (@aa:8)H'FFFF00 to H'FFFFFF
16 bits (@aa:16)H'000000to H'007FFF,
H'FF8000 to H'FFFFFF
32 bits (@aa:32)H'000000to H'FFFFFF
Program instruction address24 bits (@aa:24)
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 53 of 1088
Page 84
(6) Immediate—#xx:8, #xx:16, or #xx:32: The instruction contains 8-bit (#xx:8), 16-bit
(#xx:16), or 32-bit (#xx:32) immediate data as an operand.
The ADDS, SUBS, INC, and DEC instructions contain immediate data implicitly. Some bit
manipulation instructions contain 3-bit immediate data in the instruction code, specifying a bit
number. The TRAPA instruction contains 2-bit immediate data in its instruction code, specifying a
vector address.
(7) Program-Counter Relative—@(d:8, PC) or @(d:16, PC): This mode is used in the Bcc and
BSR instructions. An 8-bit or 16-bit displacement contained in the instruction is sign-extended and
added to the 24-bit PC contents to generate a branch address. Only the lower 24 bits of this branch
address are valid; the upper 8 bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00). The PC value to which the
displacement is added is the address of the first byte of the next instruction, so the possible
branching range is –126 to +128 bytes (–63 to +64 words) or –32766 to +32768 bytes (–16383 to
+16384 words) from the branch instruction. The resulting value should be an even number.
(8) Memory Indirect—@@aa:8: This mode can be used by the JMP and JSR instructions. The
instruction code contains an 8-bit absolute address specifying a memory operand. This memory
operand contains a b ranch address. The upper bits of the absolute address are all assumed to be 0,
so the address range is 0 to 255 (H'000000 to H'0000FF).
In advanced mode the memory operand is a longword operand, the first byte of which is assumed
to be all 0 (H'00).
Note that the first part of the address range is also the exception vector area. For further details,
refer to section 4, Exception Handling.
Specified
by @aa:8
Reserved
Branch address
Advanced Mode
Figure 2-10 Branch Address Specification in Memory Indirect Mode
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 54 of 1088
Page 85
If an odd address is specified in word or longword memory access, or as a branch address, the
least significant bit is regarded as 0, causing data to be accessed or instruction code to be fetched
at the address preceding the specified address (For further information, see section 2.5.2, Memory
Data Formats).
2.7.2Effective Address Calculation
Table 2-6 indicates how effective addresses are calculated in each addressing mode.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 55 of 1088
Page 86
Table 2-6Effective Address Calculation
24 23
Effective Address (EA)
Don't care
Operand is general register contents.
Effective Address Calculation
310
General register contents
310
24 23
Don't care
310
disp
General register contents
Sign extension
310
310
disp
24 23
Don't care
310
1, 2, or 4
General register contents
310
24 23
Don't care
310
1, 2, or 4
General register contents
310
Operand Size Value added
124
Byte
Word
Longword
rop
oprm rn
Register indirect (@ERn)2
1Register direct (Rn)
No.Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
Register indirect with displacement
3
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 56 of 1088
opr
@(d:16, ERn) or @(d:32, ERn)
r
op
Register indirect with post-increment or
pre-decrement
· Register indirect with post-increment @ERn+
4
· Register indirect with pre-decrement @−ERn
r
op
Page 87
H'FFFF
Effective Address (EA)
24 23
16 15
Sign extension
24 23
24 23
24 23
Don't care
3108 7
Effective Address Calculation
opabs
@aa:8
Absolute address
310
@aa:16
Don't care
abs
op
Don't care
310
@aa:24
abs
op
op
@aa:32
310
Don't care
abs
Operand is immediate data.
IMM
op
Immediate #xx:8/#xx:16/#xx:32
5
No.Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
6
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 57 of 1088
Page 88
Effective Address (EA)
24 23
24 23
Don't care
310
0
PC contents
23
Effective Address Calculation
0
23
disp
disp
Sign
extension
0
318 7
abs
H'000000
31
Don't care
310
0
Memory contents
op
Program-counter relative
@(d:8, PC)/@(d:16, PC)8Memory indirect @@aa:8
7
No.Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 58 of 1088
opabs
· Advanced mode
Page 89
2.8Processing States
2.8.1Overview
The CPU has five main processing states: the reset state, exception handling state, program
execution state, bus-released state, and power-down state. Figure 2-11 shows a diagram of the
processing states. Figure 2-12 indicates the sta te transitions.
Reset state
The CPU and all on-chip supporting modules have been
initialized and are stopped.
Exception-handling
state
A transient state in which the CPU changes the normal
processing flow in response to a reset, interrupt, or trap
instruction.
Processing
states
Note: *The power-down state also includes a medium-speed mode, module stop mode etc.
Program execution
state
The CPU executes program instructions in sequence.
Bus-released state
The external bus has been released in response to a bus
request signal from a bus master other than the CPU.
Sleep mode
Power-down state
CPU operation is stopped
to conserve power.*
Software standby
mode
Hardware standby
mode
Figure 2-11 Processing States
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 59 of 1088
Page 90
End of bus
request
Bus-released state
End of
exception
handling
Exception-handling state
RES = high
End of bus request
Program execution
Bus
request
Request for
exception
handling
External interrupt
Bus request
state
Interrupt
request
SLEEP
instruction
with
SSBY = 1
SLEEP
instruction
with
SSBY = 0
Sleep mode
Software standby mode
Reset state
Notes: 1.2.From any state except hardware standby mode, a transition to the reset state occurs whenever
goes low. A transition can also be made to the reset state when the watchdog timer overflows.
From any state, a transition to hardware standby mode occurs when
*1
STBY = high, RES = low
Hardware standby mode
Power-down state
STBY
goes low.
*2
RES
Figure 2-12 State Transitions
2.8.2Reset State
When the RES input goes low all current processing stops and the CPU enters the reset state. All
interrupts are masked in the reset state. Reset exception handling starts when the RES signal
changes from low to high.
The reset state can also be entered by a watchdog timer overflow. For details, refer to section 11,
Watchdog Timer.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 60 of 1088
Page 91
2.8.3Exception-Handling State
The exception-handling state is a transient state that occurs when the CPU alters the normal
processing flow due to a reset, interrupt, or trap instruction. The CPU fetches a start address
(vector) from the exception vector table and branches to that address.
(1) Types of Exception Handling and Their Priority
Exception handling is performed for traces, resets, interrupts, and trap instructions. Table 2-7
indicates the types of exception handling and their priority. Trap instruction exception handling is
always accepted, in the program execution state.
Exception handling and the stack structure depend on the interrupt control mode set in SYSCR.
Table 2 -7Exception Handling Types and Priority
PriorityType of ExceptionDetection TimingStart of Exception Handling
HighResetSynchronized with clockException handling starts
immediately after a low-to-high
transition at the RES pin, or
when the watchdog timer
overflows.
TraceEnd of instruction
execution or end of
exception-handling
sequence
InterruptEnd of instruction
execution or end of
exception-handling
sequence
Trap instructionWhen TRAPA instruction
is executed
Low
Notes: 1. Traces are enabled only in interrupt control mode 2. Trace exception-handling is not
executed at the end of the RTE instruction.
2. Interrupts are not detected at the end of the ANDC, ORC, XORC, and LDC instructions,
or immediately after reset exception handling.
3. Trap instruction exception handling is always accepted, in the program execution state.
1
*
2
*
When the trace (T) bit is set to
1, the trace starts at the end of
the current instruction or current
exception-handling sequence.
When an interrupt is requested,
exception handling starts at the
end of the current instruction or
current exception-handling
sequence.
Exception handling starts when
a trap (TRAPA) instruction is
executed
3
*
.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 61 of 1088
Page 92
(2) Reset Exception Handling
After the RES pin has gone low and the reset sta te has been entered, when RES goes high again,
reset exception handling starts. When reset exception handling starts the CPU fetches a start
address (vector) from the exception vector table and starts program execution from that address.
All interrupts, including NMI, are disabled during reset exception handling and after it ends.
(3) Traces
Traces are enabled only in interrupt control mode 2. Trace mode is entered when the T bit of EXR
is set to 1. When trace mode is established, trace exception handling starts at the end of each
instruction.
At the end of a trace exception-handling sequence, the T bit of E XR is cleared to 0 and trace mode
is cleared. Interrupt masks are not affected.
The T bit saved on the stack retains its value of 1, and when the RTE instruction is executed to
return from the trace exception-handling routine, trace mode is entered again. Trace exceptionhandling is not executed at the end of the RTE instruction.
Trace mode is not entered in interrupt control mode 0, regardless of the state of the T bit.
(4) Interrupt Exception Handling and Trap Instruction Exception Handling
When interrupt or trap-instruction exception handling begins, the CPU references the stack pointer
(ER7) and pushes the program counter and other control registers onto the stack. Next, the CPU
alters the settings of the interrupt mask bits in the control registers. Then the CPU fetches a start
address (vector) from the exception vector table and program execution starts from that start
address.
Figure 2-13 shows the stack after exception handling ends.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 62 of 1088
Page 93
A
dvanced mode
SP
SP
(c) Interrupt control mode 0 (d) Interrupt control mode 2
Note: * Ignored when returning.
CCR
PC
(24 bits)
EXR
Reserved*
CCR
PC
(24 bits)
Figure 2-13 Stack Structure after Exception Handling (Examples)
2.8.4Program Execution State
In this state the CPU executes program instructions in sequence.
2.8.5Bus-Released State
This is a state in which the bus has been released in response to a bus request from a bus master
other than the CPU. While the bus is released, the CPU halts.
There is one other bus master in addition to the CPU: the data transfer controller (DTC).
For further details, refer to section 6, Bus Controller.
2.8.6Power-Down State
The power-down state includes both modes in which the CPU stops operating and modes in which
the CPU does not stop. There are three modes in which the CPU stops operating: sleep mode,
software standby mode, and hardware standby mode. There are also two other power-down
modes: medium-speed mode, and module stop mode. In medium-speed mode the CPU and other
bus masters operate on a medium-speed clock. Module stop mode permits halting of the operation
of individual modules, other than the CPU. For details, refer to section 19, Power-Down Modes.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 63 of 1088
Page 94
(1) Sleep Mode: A transition to sleep mode is made if the SLEEP instruction is executed while
the software standby bit (SSBY) in the standby control register (SBYCR) is cleared to 0. In sleep
mode, CPU operations stop immediately after execution of the SLEEP instruction. The contents of
CPU registers are retained.
(2) Software Standby Mode: A transition to software standby mode is made if the SLEEP
instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SBYCR is set to 1. In software standby mode, the
CPU and clock halt and all MCU operations stop. As long as a specified voltage is supplied, the
contents of CPU registers and on-chip RAM are retained. The I/O ports also remain in their
existing states.
(3) Hardware Standby Mode: A transition to hardware standby mode is made when the STBY
pin goes low. In hardware standby mode, the CPU and clock halt and all MCU operations stop.
The on-chip supporting modules are reset, but as long as a specified voltage is supplied, on-chip
RAM contents are retained.
2.9Basic Timing
2.9.1Overview
The CPU is driven by a system clock, denoted by the symbol φ. The period from one rising edge
of φ to the next is referred to as a "state." The memory cycle or bus cycle consists of one, two, or
three states. Different methods are used to access o n-chip memory, on-chip supporting modules,
and the external address space.
2.9.2On-Chip Memory (ROM, RAM)
On-chip memory is accessed in one state. The data bus is 16 bits wide, permitting both byte and
word transfer instruction. Figure 2-14 shows the on-chip memory acce ss cycle. Figure 2-15 shows
the pin states.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 64 of 1088
Page 95
Bus cycle
A
T
1
φ
Internal address bus
Read
Internal read signal
access
Internal data bus
Internal write signal
Write
access
Internal data bus
Figure 2-14 On-Chip Memory Access Cycle
φ
ddress bus
AS
Bus cycle
T
1
Unchanged
High
Address
Read data
Write data
RD
HWR, LWR
Data bus
High-impedance state
High
High
Figure 2-15 Pin States during On-Chip Memory Access
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 65 of 1088
Page 96
2.9.3On-Chip Supporting Module Access Timing
The on-chip supporting modules are accessed in two states. The data bus is either 8 bits or 16 bits
wide, depending on the particular internal I/O register being accessed. Figure 2-16 shows the
access timing for the on-chip supporting modules. Figure 2-17 shows the pin states.
Figure 2-17 Pin States during On-Chip Supporting Module Access
2.9.4External Address Space Access Timing
Unchanged
High
High
High
T
2
The external address space is accessed with an 8-bit or 16-bit data bus width in a two-state or
three-state bus cycle. In three-state access, wait states can be inserted. For further details, refer to
section 6, Bus Controller.
2.10Usage Note
2.10.1TAS Instruction
Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction. The TAS
instruction is not generated by the Renesas H8S and H8/300 Series C/C++ compilers. If the TAS
instruction is used as a user-defined intrinsic function, ensure that only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or
ER5 is used.
The H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT have
eight operating modes ( modes 4 to 7, 10, 11, 14 and 15). These modes are determined by the mode
pin (MD2 to MD0) and flash write enable pin (FWE) settings. The CPU operating mode and
initial bus width can b e selected as shown in table 3-1.
13
1410Advanced User program modeEnabled 8 bits16 bits
151——
Note: * Cannot be used in this LSI.
0001— ——— —
10
1000— ——— —
100— ——— —
Operating
ModeDescription
1
1
1
On-Chip
ROM
on-chip ROM disabled
Enabled 8 b its16 bits
on-chip ROM enabled
Bus
Initial
Value
8bits16bits
Max.
Value
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 69 of 1088
Page 100
The CPU's architecture allows for 4 Gbytes of address space, but the H8S/2318 F-ZTAT,
H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT actually access a maximum of 16
Mbytes.
Modes 4 to 6 are externally expanded modes that allow access to external memory and peripheral
devices.
The external expansion modes allow switching between 8-bit and 16-bit bus modes. After
program execution s tarts, an 8-bit or 16-bit address space can be set for each area, depending on
the bus controller setting. If 16-bit access is selected for any one area, 16-bit bus mode is set; if 8bit access is selected for all areas, 8-bit bus mode is set. Note that the functions of each pin depend
on the operating mode.
Modes 10, 11, 14, and 15 are boot modes and user program modes in which the flash memory can
be programmed and erased. For details, see section 17, ROM.
The H8S/2318 F-ZTAT, H8S/2317 F-ZTAT, H8S/2315 F-ZTAT, and H8S/2314 F-ZTAT can
only be used in modes 4 to 7, 10, 11, 14, and 15. This means that the flash write enable pin and
mode pins must be set to select one of these modes.
Do not change the inputs at the mode pins during operation.
The ROMless and mask ROM versions have four operating modes (modes 4 to 7). T he H8S/2319
F-ZTAT has six operating modes (modes 2 to 7). The H8S/2319C F-ZTAT has seven operating
mode (modes 1 to 7). The operating mode is determined by the mode pins (MD2 to MD0). The
CPU operating mode, enabling or disabling of on-chip ROM, and the initial bus width setting can
be selected as shown in table 3-2.
Table 3-2 lists the MCU operating modes.
Rev. 5.00, 12/03, page 70 of 1088
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