Product Disposal and Recycling .............................................................. 23
Product Support ....................................................................................... 23
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3
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing your REED R7900 Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge.
Please read the following instructions carefully before using your instrument.
By following the steps outlined in this manual your meter will provide years
of reliable service.
Product Quality
This product has been manufactured in an ISO9001 facility and has been
calibrated during the manufacturing process to meet the stated product
specications. If a certicate of calibration is required please contact the
nearest authorized REED distributor or authorized Service Center. Please
note an additional fee for this service will apply.
Security
Never attempt to repair or modify your instrument. Dismantling your
product, other than for the purpose of replacing batteries, may cause
damage that will not be covered under the manufacturer's warranty.
Servicing should only be provided by an authorized service center.
Features
• Measures a wide range of material including; metals, plastic, ceramics,
composites, epoxies, glass, and other ultrasonic conductive materials
• Easy-to-read backlit LCD display
• User selectable unit of measure (in/mm)
• Internal memory stores up to 500 measurements
• Displays sound velocity at the touch of a button
• Zero adjustment button
• User adjustable High/Low alarms
• Built-in two-point calibration function
• Auto sleep, shut off and low battery indicator
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Specifications
Measuring Range: 0.03 to 15.7" (0.65 to 400mm)
Accuracy: ±0.04mm (< 10mm)
Sampling Time: Less than 1 second
Display: 4-Digit, LCD
Backlit Display: Yes
Probe Length: 3' (36")
Internal Memory: Yes (up to 500 readings,
5 les up to 100 each)
Low Battery Indicator: Yes
Power Supply: 2 AA Batteries
Battery Life: Approx. 100 hours (Alkaline)
Product Certications: CE
Operating Temperature: 32 to 122°F (0 to 50°C)
Storage Temperature: -4 to 140°F (-20 to 60°C)
Operating Humidity Range: 20 to 80%
Dimensions: 5.9 x 2.9 x 1.3" (150 x 74 x 32mm)
Weight: 8.4oz (238g)
Included
• Ultrasonic Couplant Gel
• Probe
• Hard Carrying Case
• Batteries
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Instrument Description
1. LCD Display
2. Calibration Test Block
3. Probe Inputs
3
R7900
Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge
Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge
Keyboard Description
1. Zero Button
2. Mode Button
3. Down Button
4. Enter Button
5. Up Button
6. Backlight ON/OFF Button
7. Power Button
8. Save/Browse Button
9. Velocity Button
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2
3
Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge
7
8
6
5
4
6
Display Description
HIGH
6
m/s
MENU
1. Measured Value
2. Menu Settings
3. Saved File Name
4. Ultrasonic Sensor Frequency
5. Alarm Thickness Settings
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F15M
ALARM
3
6. Battery Indicator
7. Minimum Capture Mode
8. Coupling Indicator
9. Gain Indicator
7
Operating Instructions
1. Insert the ultrasonic sensor into the probe sockets on the meter.
2. Press, hold an release the button for 2 seconds to turn the meter
on. Press the button to turn the meter off.
3. The LCD will briey display information about the meter, and then
show the current set sound velocity.
Setting Ultrasonic Sensor Frequency
1. Press the button to highlight the ultrasonic sensor frequency
setting on the display.
2. Continuously press the button to toggle between 2MHz, 5MHz,
7MHz, 10MHz and ZW frequencies.
3. To exit, press the button or by carrying out a measurement.
Zero Calibration
1. After setting the correct ultrasonic sensor frequency, set the sound
velocity to 5900m/s (see Adjusting the Sound Velocity for details).
2. Select the proper receiving gain (see System Setup for details).
3. Coat the 4mm calibration test block with coupling gel (R7950) and
place the sensor on the calibration test block while ensuring the
coupling indicator "" appears on the LCD display.
4. Once the coupling indicator appears on the LCD display press the
5. The meter will beep and then the screen will indicate that the calibration
6. If zero calibration is not properly completed the meter will retain the
7. To delete the calibration data, see Memory Manager section for details.
Adjusting the Sound Velocity
1. While the meter is on, press the button and the meter will
2. Press the
button to initiate zero calibration.
is complete.
original value.
display the current sound velocity.
velocities, or press the
velocity of the material under test as shown in the following table.
1. Clean any dust, dirt or rust off the object, and remove any coating
such as paint.
2. Smooth the surface of the object by grinding or polishing it. You can
also use a coupling gel with a high viscosity.
Important Note: In any ultrasonic measurement scenario, the shape and
roughness of the desired test material are of great importance. Rough,
uneven surfaces will prevent the ultrasonic sensor from seating properly
against the surface, thus limiting the penetration of ultrasound through the
material, resulting in unstable and therefore, unreliable measurements.
Taking Thickness Measurements
1. Set the sound velocity on the meter (see Adjusting the Sound
Velocity for details).
2. Apply coupling gel on the material, place the sensor rmly against
the desired measurement area.
Note: For most applications a single droplet of coupling gel is sufcient.
3. Verify that the coupling Indicator "
4. Read the measurement on the LCD display.
5. When you remove the ultrasonic sensor the value will stay on the
LCD and the coupling indicator "" will disappear.
6. Press the button to save the measurement if applicable.
7. If the coupling indicator "" does not appear on the display,
or the measured values appear to be erratic, verify that there is an
adequate amount of coupling gel in between the ultrasonic sensor
and the material under test. It is also important that the ultrasonic
sensor sits at against the material.
" appears on the LCD display.
Auto Power OFF
To preserve battery life, the meter is programmed to turn itself after
approximately 3 minutes of inactivity. To disable this option, please see
System Setup section for details.
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10
Sound Velocity Measurements of a Material with a
Known Thickness
The sound velocity of a material can be measured using a test piece with
a known thickness. Select a test piece with a minimum wall thickness of
20.0mm. Turn off the minimum capturing function (see System Setup
section for details) prior to taking measurement.
1. Measure the test piece with a caliper or micrometer to conrm
the thickness.
2. Apply coupling gel on the material, place the sensor rmly against
the desired measurement area.
Note: For most applications a single droplet of coupling gel is sufcient.
3. Remove the ultrasonic sensor from the measurement area and
adjust the measuring display until the actual thickness is met by
pressing the
your selection.
4. The LCD will display the sound velocity.
5. Press the button to save the value if applicable.
and buttons and press the button to conrm
Sound Velocity Calibration
1. Start by performing a zero calibration to the ultrasonic sensor.
2. Measure the actual thickness of the test piece with a caliper
or micrometer.
3. Select a sound velocity from the pre-loaded list (choose any one).
4. Apply coupling gel on the material, place the sensor rmly against
the desired measurement area.
Note: For most applications a single droplet of coupling gel is sufcient.
5. The LCD will display a measurement reading of the test piece.
Note: The reading will be off as the sound velocity is not correct.
6. Remove the ultrasonic sensor from the test piece, go into the
velocity interface by pressing the
current sound velocity a little at a time by pressing the button.
button and increasing the
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7.
Take another measurement of the test piece to verify if the thickness
reading is getting closer to the known thickness or not. If for some
reason it is now farther away than before, reduce the velocity a little
by pressing the button. Check the thickness again to make sure
that you are getting closer. Continue adjusting the sound velocity until
the thickness reading is correct.
8. Once you have reached the known thickness of the test piece, press
the button to conrm your sound velocity setting. From this point,
the sound velocity is calibrated and you can now take measurements of
the same material with condence.
Two Point Calibration
1. Select two standard samples of the same material to be measured,
among which one has a thickness equal to or slightly higher than the
tested piece, and the thickness of another test piece is slightly lower
than the tested piece.
2. Before carrying out 2-point calibration, turn off the "Minimum
Capture" function and erase the CAL data in the "Memory Manager".
3. Set the 2-point calibration to ON in the "System Setup" menu.
4. Press twice on the
5. Press the button at any time during measurement to enter the
2-Point CAL.
6. Measure the thinner standard test piece.
7. Remove the ultrasonic sensor from the test piece and use the
and buttons to adjust the measurement to standard value.
8. Press the button and the LCD will prompt to measure the
thicker piece.
9. Measure the thicker standard test piece.
10. Remove the ultrasonic sensor from the test piece and use the
and buttons to adjust the measurement to standard value.
11. Press the
button to return to the main display.
button
when the two-point calibration is completed.
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12
Setting Alarm Thickness Limits
90º
The R7900 will alarm when the measured value is beyond the pre-set
limits. When the measurement is lower than the low pre-set limit or higher
than the high pre-set limit, the alarm will sound. To enter the alarm setting,
follow steps 1 through 6 below.
1. Press the
button to highlight the "Alarm" setting on the LCD.
2. Press the button to adjust the LOW limit.
3. Press the and buttons to adjust the user dened LOW
alarm value.
4. Press the button to save the LOW limit, and to set the HIGH limit.
5. Press the and buttons to adjust the user dened HIGH alarm
value, and press the button to save the HIGH limit.
6. To exit the limit setting, press the button or by carrying out
a measurement.
Minimum Capture Measurements
When the ultrasonic sensor couples with the test piece it will display the
current measurement. When it is lifted away it will display the minimum
value of the measurement carried out while the MIN Indicator ashes for
several seconds. Measurements taken during the MIN indictor ashing
cycle will continue to be part of the minimum value capturing. If you carry
out measurements after the MIN Indicator stops ashing the minimum
value capturing will re-start. The MIN indicator will only display when the
minimum capture function is ON (see System Setup section for details).
Measurement Methods
There are three base measurement methods:
1. Single measurement method: This method involves measuring the
thickness at a single point.
2. Double measurement method: This method
involves performing two thickness measurements
near a single spot rotating the ultrasonic sensor
from 0 to 90° respectively, with respect to the split
face (see Figure A).Take the smaller of the two
indicated values as the thickness of the material.
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Figure A
continued...
13
3. Multi-point measurement: This method involves performing a
number of measurements within a circle having a maximum diameter
of about 1.18" (30mm) (see image below). Take the minimum
indicated value as the thickness of the material.
Menu Options
The menu function controls the settings and functions of the meter. To
enter the menu, press the
LCD and press the button.
System Setup
1. While in the menu, highlight the "System Setup" option and press the
button to enter this menu.
2. Press the and buttons to scroll through the "System Setup" menu.
3. When the required setting as shown below, is highlighted, press the
button to select it and toggle between units.
Note: To set brightness, press button to enter the setting, and use
the and buttons to adjust the brightness.
4. Once completed, press the
System Setup Menu Settings are as follows:
1. Measurement Units: Metric and Imperial
2. Receiving Gain: LOW (resolution of 0.1mm) and HIGH (resolution
of 0.01mm). LOW is mainly used for measuring coarse material with
high scatter and small sound absorption, such as cast aluminum,
cast copper, and other metallic parts.
3. Minimum Capture Measurement: OFF and ON
4. 2-Point Calibration: OFF and ON
5. Auto Down: Power-saving mode ON (default)
button to highlight the menu option on the
button to save and exit.
continued...
14
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6. Baud Rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600
7. Set Brightness: UP to darken, DOWN to lighten
Memory Manager
1. While in the menu, highlight the "Memory Manager" option and press
the button to enter this menu.
2. Press the and buttons to scroll through the "Memory
Manager" menu.
3. Press the
• Erase File: Clears selected les
• Erase All Data: Clears all saved les
• Erase CAL data: Clears calibrating data
4. Press the button again to conrm (YES) or "Menu" to escape.
button
to select the required option as shown below:
System Reset
While in the menu, highlight the "About Software" option and press the
button to enter this menu. Press the button to restore the meter to
its factory default settings for. Upon completion, the meter will shut down.
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Internal Memory Operation
The internal memory is divided into 5 les, F1 to F5. Each le can save up
to 100 measurement values.
Note: Before saving your data, be sure to set the le number rst.
1. Press the
2. Press the button to scroll through the memory les, F1 to F5.
3. Press the
button
to highlight the "Save File Name" on the LCD.
button to save and exit.
Reviewing Stored Data
1. Press the
2. Press the button to scroll through the memory les, F1 to F5.
3. Press the
the saved values.
4. Press the and buttons to scroll through the saved values.
5. If required, press the button to erase the current saved value.
button
to highlight the "Save File Name" on the LCD.
button
to select the appropriate le number and to view
Maintenance
Cleaning the Test Piece
After taking a measurement, clean the test pieces to prevent them from
rusting. If the pieces are not to be used for a long period of time, coat
them with oil to prevent rust.
Protecting the Ultrasonic Sensor
Be sure to clean the ultrasonic sensor and cable after each use. Grease, oil
and dust will cause the cable to dry out and shorten life expectancy. The
temperature of the surface being measured should not exceed 140°F (60°C).
Replacing the Ultrasonic Sensor
The degradation and wear of the probe's interlayer plate will inuence
measurements. Replace the probe when the following occurs:
•
If it always displays the same value when measuring different
thicknesses or;
•
When a measurement displays no value.
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Battery Replacement
1. When the low battery symbol appears on the display, replace
the batteries.
2. Remove the battery cover on the back and insert two new AA batteries.
Note: If the unit will not be used for a long period of time, remove the
batteries to avoid battery leakage and corrosion of the battery contacts.
Applications
• Monitoring and verifying pipes and pressure vessels
• Industrial manufacturing
Accessories and Replacement Parts
• R7900-PROBE Replacement Probe
• R7950 Ultrasonic Couplant Gel
• R7950/5L Ultrasonic Couplant Gel, 5L
• R7950/12 Ultrasonic Couplant Gel, pack of 12
• R9060 5-Step Calibration Block
• CA-52A Soft Carrying Case
• R8888 Hard Carrying Case
Don't see your part listed here? For a complete list of all accessories and
replacement parts visit your product page on www.reedinstruments.com.
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Appendix
Measurements on Cylindrical Surfaces
When measuring cylindrical material, such as pipes or oil tubes, it is
important to properly adjust the angle between the ultrasonic sensor's
crosstalk interlayer plate and the axial line of the material being measured.
1. Couple the sensor with the material being measures.
2. Make the sensor's crosstalk interlayer plate perpendicular or parallel
to the axial line of the material under test.
3. Shake the sensor vertically along the axial line of the material under
test, the readouts displayed on screen will change regularly.
4. Use the minimum readout.
The standard for selecting the angle between the sensor's crosstalk
interlayer plate and the axial line of the material under test depends on the
curvature of the material under test. For a pipe with a large diameter the
sensor's crosstalk interlayer plate should be perpendicular to the axial line of
the material under test. For a pipe with small diameter, the sensor's crosstalk
interlayer plate can be both parallel and perpendicular to the axial line of the
material under test, and take the minimum readout as the thickness.
Measuring Compound Profiles
When the material being measured has a compound prole (such as
a bend in a pipe), one can use the procedures to measure cylindrical
surfaces. The exception is that one should have two analyses and get
two results when the sensor's crosstalk interlayer plate is both parallel
and perpendicular to the axial line of the material under test. Take the
minimum readout as the material thickness.
Measuring an Un-Parallel Surface
To get a satisfactory ultrasonic response, the other surface of the
material under test must be parallel to or co-axial with the surface being
measured, otherwise it will cause a measuring error or even provide no
displayed reading.
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Influence of Material's Temperature
Both the thickness and transmitting speed of ultrasonic waves are
inuenced by temperature. If there is a high requirement of measuring
accuracy, please use one of the comparison methods listed below:
1. Use a test piece of the same material being measured, under the
same temperature.
2. Obtain the temperature compensation coefcient.
3. Use this coefcient to correct the actual measurement of the material
being tested.
Material with Large Attenuation
Material with porous and coarse particles (such as bre) will cause a large
scatter and energy attenuation in the ultrasonic wave. This will cause
abnormal readings or provide no readings on the display (generally, the
abnormal readings are less than the actual thickness). These type of
materials cannot be measured by our ultrasonic thickness gauges.
Measuring Castings
Castings will cause large attenuations in sound energy due to coarse
crystal particles and a not-so-dense structure. The attenuation is due to
the material's scatter and absorption of sound energy. Coarse out-phase
structures and coarse crystal particles will cause abnormal reection (i.e.
a grass-shaped or tree-shaped echo) resulting in errors in the readings.
When the crystal particle is coarse, the anisotropy in exibility in metal's
crystallizing direction will be obvious. This results in difference in sound
velocities in different directions, with the maximum difference being up to
5.5%. The compactness in different positions of the workpiece is different,
which will also cause difference in sound velocity. All of these will produce
inaccuracies in the measurements.
While measuring castings pay attention to the following:
1. When measuring casting with an un-machined surface use engine
oil, consistent grease, or water glass as a coupling gel.
2. Calibrate the sound velocity for the material under test with a
standard test piece having the same material and measuring
direction as that of the material being measured.
3. If necessary, take a 2-point calibration.
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Preventing Errors
Reference Test Pieces
To maintain high accuracy when taking measurements of different
materials, it is important to use a standard test piece that resembles the
material and conditions being measured. The ideal reference test pieces
should be a group of test pieces with different thicknesses made of the
same materials that is going to be measured. The test pieces can provide
calibrating factors for the meter (such as the microstructure of the material,
heat-treating condition, direction of particles, surface roughness, etc.).
To meet the highest requirements of accuracy a set of reference test
pieces are critical.
Under most situations satisfactory measuring accuracies can be met
with only one reference test piece. This should be the same material and
similar thickness to the material under test. Take an even-surfaced object,
measure it by using a micrometer, then use it as a test piece.
For thin material, when its thickness is near to the low limit of the sensor's
measuring range, you can use a test piece to determine the accurate low
limit. Never measure a material with a thickness lower than the low limit.
When the material under test is thick, especially an alloy with complex
internal structure, select a test piece similar to the object from a group of
test pieces, giving you an idea of calibration.
For most casting and forging, their internal structures have some direction.
In different directions, the sound velocity will experience some change. To
solve this problem, the test piece should have an internal structure with
same direction as that of the material under test, and the transmitting
direction of sound wave in it should also be same as that of the material.
Under certain circumstances, referring to a material speed-of-sound
table can replace reference test pieces. The value in the speed-of-sound
table may have some difference from the actual measured values due to
difference in the material's physical and chemical characteristics. This is
usually used for measuring low-carbon steel, and can only be taken as a
rough measurement.
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Ultra-Thin Material
An error will occur when the thickness of a material under test is less
than the low limit of the ultrasonic sensor. When necessary, measure the
minimum limit thickness by comparing it with test pieces. When
measuring an ultra-thin material, sometimes errors called "double
refraction" may occur. This results in a displayed measuring reading that is
twice the actual thickness of the material under test. Another error result is
called "pulse envelop or cyclic leap". This results in the measured value
being larger than the actual thickness. To prevent these kinds of errors
repeat the measurement to conrm the results.
Rust, Corrosion, and Pits
Rust and pits on the surface of the object will cause irregular change in
the measured reading. In extreme situations it will even cause no readings
on the display. To avoid errors, orient the sensor's crosstalk interlayer
plate in different directions to take multiple measurements.
Error in Identifying Material
If you calibrate the meter with one material and then measure another
material, an error will occur. Be careful in selecting the correct sound velocity.
Degradation of Probe
The surface of the probe is allyl resin. Over time its roughness will increase
resulting in reduced sensitivity. If it is determined that this is the reason for
the errors, grind the surface with sandpaper or oilstone to make it smooth
again. If the readings are still not stable, the sensor must be replaced.
Overlapped Material and Compound Material
It is impossible to measure uncoupled overlapped material because
the ultrasonic wave can't pass through an uncoupled space. Since the
ultrasonic wave can't transmit in a compound material in even speed you
cannot use an ultrasonic thickness-gauge to measure overlapped material
and compound material.
Influence of Metal Surface Oxidation
Some metals can produce a dense oxidation layer on the surface, such
as aluminum. Even though the layer is in close contact with the substrate
and provides no obvious interface, the ultrasonic wave will have different
transmitting speeds in these two materials which will cause an error.
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In addition, different thicknesses in oxidation layers will cause different
errors. Make a reference piece from a batch of objects by measuring with
a micrometer or calliper, and using it to calibrate the instrument.
Abnormal Readout of Thickness
The operator should be able to identify an abnormal measuring reading.
Generally the rust, corrosion, pit, and internal defect of the material under
test will cause abnormal measuring readings.
Utilization and Selection of a Coupling Gel (R7950)
Coupling gel is used for transmitting high-frequency energy between the
ultrasonic gel and the material under test. If the type of gel or utilization is
wrong, or the utilization it will cause an error. For most applications a single
droplet of coupling gel coated evenly is sufcient. When measuring a smooth
surface use a gel with low viscosity (such as the coupling gel provided or
light engine oil). When measuring a coarse object surface, vertical surface or
top surface, use a gel with high viscosity (such as glycerin grease, consistent
grease, and lubricating grease, etc.).
Product Care
To keep your instrument in good working order we recommend the following:
• Store your product in a clean, dry place.
• Change the battery as needed.
• If your instrument isn't being used for a period of one month or longer
please remove the battery.
• Clean your product and accessories with biodegradable cleaner. Do not
spray the cleaner directly on the instrument. Use on external parts only.
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Product Warranty
REED Instruments guarantees this instrument to be free of defects in
material or workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, REED Instruments will repair or replace, at no
charge, products or parts of a product that proves to be defective because
of improper material or workmanship, under normal use and maintenance.
REED Instruments total liability is limited to repair or replacement of the
product. REED Instruments shall not be liable for damages to goods,
property, or persons due to improper use or through attempts to utilize the
instrument under conditions which exceed the designed capabilities. In
order to begin the warranty service process, please contact us by phone at
1-877-849-2127 or by email at info@reedinstruments.com to discuss the
claim and determine the appropriate steps to process the warranty.
Product Disposal and Recycling
Please follow local laws and regulations when disposing or recycling your
instrument. Your product contains electronic components and must be
disposed of separately from standard waste products.
Product Support
If you have any questions on your product, please contact your authorized
REED distributor or REED Instruments Customer Service by phone at
1-877-849-2127 or by email at info@reedinstruments.com.
Please visit www.REEDInstruments.com for the most
up-to-date manuals, datasheets, product guides and software.
Product specifications subject to change without notice.
All rights reserved. Any unauthorized copying or reproduction of
this manual is strictly prohibited without prior written permission
from REED Instruments.
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