RedMax AN-100U User Manual
TM
RedMAX
AN-100U Single Sector
Wireless Access Base Station
User Manual
Doc. #70-00058-01-01 Proprietary Redline Communications © 2007 July 13, 2007
Page 1 of 117
RedMAX™ Base Station
User Manual
Copyright Information
All rights reserved July 13, 2007. The information in this document is proprietary
to Redline Communications Inc. This document may not in whole or in part be
copied, reproduced, or reduced to any medium without prior consent, in writing,
from Redline Communications Incorporated.
Contact Information:
Redline Communications Inc.
302 Town Centre Blvd. Suite 100
Markham, ON
Canada L3R 0E8
Web Site: http://www.redlinecommunications.com
Sales Inquiries:
North American: nainfo@redlinecommunications.com
Toll-free sales: 1-866-633-6669
International: intlinfo@redlinecommunications.com
Support: www.redlinecommunications.com/support/support_portal.html
Document Control:
70-00058-01-01-RedMAX_BaseStation_AN-100U_User-FCC-20070713a.doc
Disclaimer
The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document
are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied
warranty. Additionally, Redline makes no representations or warranties, either expressed
or implied, regarding the contents of this product. Redline Communications shall not be
liable for any misuse regarding this product. The information in this document is subject
to change without notice.
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User Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Important Safety & Service Notices..................................................... 11
1.1 Safety Warnings ...................................................................................... 11
1.2 Important Warning Symbols .................................................................... 12
1.3 Frequency Selection................................................................................ 12
1.3.1 General................................................................................................ 12
1.4 FCC Notice.............................................................................................. 13
1.4.1 R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Statements............................................. 13
1.5 Important Service Information ................................................................. 15
1.6 Information For Use In Canada ............................................................... 16
1.7 WEEE Product Return Process............................................................... 17
2 RedMAX Base Station Overview .......................................................... 18
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................. 18
2.2 IEEE 802.16 / WiMAX Compliance ......................................................... 18
2.3 PHY Specification.................................................................................... 19
2.4 OFDM (256 FFT)..................................................................................... 19
2.5 Features .................................................................................................. 19
2.5.1 Privacy................................................................................................. 19
2.5.2 Time Division Duplexing (TDD) ........................................................... 19
2.5.3 Coding Rate......................................................................................... 20
2.5.4 Modulation........................................................................................... 20
2.5.5 Reed Solomon Error Correction .......................................................... 20
2.5.6 Time Synchronization.......................................................................... 20
2.6 Deployment Models................................................................................. 20
2.6.1 PTP Deployment ................................................................................. 21
2.6.2 PMP Deployment................................................................................. 21
2.6.3 Non Line-of-Sight................................................................................. 21
2.6.4 Channelization..................................................................................... 22
2.7 Service Flows .......................................................................................... 22
2.7.1 Service Flow Classification.................................................................. 23
2.7.2 Dynamic Service Addition.................................................................... 23
2.7.3 Default Service Flows.......................................................................... 23
2.7.4 Scheduling........................................................................................... 23
Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS)........................................................ 23
Non-Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS).............................................. 24
Best Effort (BE) ................................................................................... 24
Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS)......................................................... 24
Traffic Scheduling Algorithm ............................................................... 24
3 Physical Description ............................................................................. 25
3.1 Base Station Terminal (IDU) ................................................................... 25
3.1.1 Mounting.............................................................................................. 25
3.1.2 Power Supply ...................................................................................... 25
3.1.3 Wireless Section.................................................................................. 25
IF Port (Radio Control) ........................................................................ 26
Time Synchronization Port .................................................................. 26
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Wireless LEDs..................................................................................... 26
Link LED ......................................................................................... 26
Signal LED...................................................................................... 26
3.1.4 Ethernet Section.................................................................................. 26
Data Port ............................................................................................. 26
Data Port LEDs ................................................................................... 27
Data Port Link/Act LED................................................................... 27
Data Port 100 LED ......................................................................... 27
Data Port FD/Col LED .................................................................... 27
Mgt Port............................................................................................... 27
Mgt Port LEDs ..................................................................................... 27
Mgt Port Link (Link/Act) LED .......................................................... 27
Mgt Port Act (100) LED .................................................................. 28
3.1.5 System Section.................................................................................... 28
System LEDs....................................................................................... 28
System Pwr LED ............................................................................ 28
System Fault LED........................................................................... 28
Reset Switch ....................................................................................... 29
3.1.6 Grounding Connection......................................................................... 29
3.1.7 Console Port........................................................................................ 29
3.2 Radio (ODU)............................................................................................ 30
3.2.1 Transceiver.......................................................................................... 30
IF Port.................................................................................................. 30
RF Port ................................................................................................ 30
3.2.2 Antenna ............................................................................................... 30
3.2.3 Antenna Mounting Bracket .................................................................. 30
4 Web Interface......................................................................................... 31
4.1 System Menu .......................................................................................... 31
4.1.1 Configuration Using a Web Browser ................................................... 33
4.2 Monitoring Screens ................................................................................. 34
4.2.1 General Info......................................................................................... 34
System ................................................................................................ 34
Management Port................................................................................ 34
4.2.2 Status .................................................................................................. 35
Wireless Status ................................................................................... 35
Interface .............................................................................................. 37
Status .............................................................................................37
Ingress............................................................................................ 37
Egress ............................................................................................38
4.2.3 SS Info................................................................................................. 39
SS Information..................................................................................... 39
SF Info................................................................................................. 40
4.2.4 Event Log ............................................................................................ 41
4.2.5 Auto Refresh........................................................................................ 42
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4.3 Creating Service Flows - Overview ......................................................... 43
4.3.1 Subscribers.......................................................................................... 44
Delete SS ....................................................................................... 45
Subscribers..................................................................................... 45
4.3.2 Service Classes................................................................................... 46
Service Class Configuration Screen.................................................... 46
Add a Service Class ....................................................................... 46
Delete a Service Class ................................................................... 48
View Service Class......................................................................... 48
4.3.3 Service Flows ...................................................................................... 49
Default UL/DL Service Flows.......................................................... 49
Add Service Flow............................................................................ 49
Delete SF (all associated Classifiers will be deleted) ..................... 52
Service Flows ................................................................................. 52
Service Flow Status Display ........................................................... 52
4.3.4 Classifiers............................................................................................ 54
Classifier Configuration Screen........................................................... 54
Add a Classifier .............................................................................. 54
Remove Classifier .......................................................................... 56
View Classifiers .............................................................................. 56
Classifier Table............................................................................... 56
4.3.5 Manage -- Save Provisioning Information ........................................... 58
Save Provisioning Configuration ......................................................... 58
Clear Provisioning Configuration......................................................... 58
4.4 Interface Configuration ............................................................................ 59
4.4.1 Wireless Interface................................................................................ 59
RF Parameters .................................................................................... 59
PHY Parameters ................................................................................. 60
MAC Parameters................................................................................. 61
4.4.2 Ethernet Interface................................................................................ 63
Configuration Buttons.......................................................................... 64
4.4.3 Management Interface......................................................................... 65
IP Parameters ..................................................................................... 65
DHCP Relay Agent Parameters .......................................................... 66
VLAN Management ............................................................................. 66
4.5 Admin Tools ............................................................................................ 67
4.5.1 Advanced Config ................................................................................. 67
Example: How Subscribers Use Backoff Settings .......................... 69
4.5.2 Software Upgrade................................................................................ 70
Upgrading Software............................................................................. 70
Active SW Selection ............................................................................ 70
Before Beginning the Upgrade ............................................................ 71
Upgrade Base Station ........................................................................ 71
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4.5.3 Backup and Restore............................................................................ 72
Backup and Restore Configuration...................................................... 72
Before Beginning a Backup................................................................. 72
Backup Base Station Settings ............................................................. 73
Restore Base Station Settings ............................................................ 73
4.5.4 System Account Management............................................................. 74
Add User......................................................................................... 74
Change User .................................................................................. 74
Delete User..................................................................................... 75
User Accounts ................................................................................ 75
5 CLI Interface........................................................................................... 76
5.1 Connecting via Telnet.............................................................................. 76
Telnet Logout ...................................................................................... 76
5.2 CLI Commands ....................................................................................... 76
5.2.1 Common Controls................................................................................ 77
5.2.2 debug................................................................................................... 78
5.2.3 interfaces............................................................................................. 79
5.2.4 ipAddress............................................................................................. 81
5.2.5 monitor................................................................................................. 82
5.2.6 reboot .................................................................................................. 82
5.2.7 set 82
5.2.8 show .................................................................................................... 83
5.2.9 softwareConf ....................................................................................... 85
5.2.10 softwareUpgrade ................................................................................. 85
5.2.11 user...................................................................................................... 86
5.2.12 wmanlfBs............................................................................................. 86
5.2.13 x509..................................................................................................... 87
6 Operational Notes ................................................................................. 88
6.1 Self-Provisioning Features ...................................................................... 88
6.1.1 Default Service Flows.......................................................................... 88
6.1.2 Pass-All Classifier................................................................................ 88
6.1.3 Automatic UL Filtering ......................................................................... 88
6.1.4 Host Learning ...................................................................................... 88
6.1.5 Generic 802.3 DL Classifiers............................................................... 89
6.1.6 DHCP Option 82.................................................................................. 89
6.2 Privacy Layer -- Encryption ..................................................................... 89
6.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................. 89
Authentication Using Digital Certificates ............................................. 90
6.2.2 Configuring Privacy ............................................................................. 90
X509 Root CA Certificates .................................................................. 90
Privacy Sublayer Settings ................................................................... 90
AN-100U Privacy Settings................................................................... 91
Subscriber Modem Privacy Settings.................................................... 91
6.3 Co-Channel Operation ............................................................................ 91
6.4 Interference Issues.................................................................................. 92
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6.4.1 Multipath Interference.......................................................................... 92
6.4.2 Calculating Receive Sensitivity (WiMAX Testing) ............................... 94
Overview ............................................................................................. 94
Sample Test for Subscriber Receive Sensitivity.................................. 94
6.4.3 General Interference............................................................................ 95
7 Troubleshooting .................................................................................... 96
7.1 Secondary Management Channel (SMC)................................................ 96
7.2 Time Synchronization.............................................................................. 96
7.3 Factory Default Settings .......................................................................... 96
7.4 Front Panel Diagnostics .......................................................................... 97
7.4.1 System LEDs....................................................................................... 97
7.4.2 Console Port........................................................................................ 97
7.4.3 System Reset Switch........................................................................... 97
7.5 Recovering a Lost IP address ................................................................. 97
7.6 Detecting Channel Interference at Startup .............................................. 97
7.7 Re-Ranging Log Message....................................................................... 98
7.8 Troubleshooting the Web Interface ......................................................... 98
7.9 Replacing the System Fuse .................................................................... 99
7.10 RF Troubleshooting............................................................................... 100
7.11 System Log Messages .......................................................................... 100
8 Appendices .......................................................................................... 105
8.1 System Technical Specifications........................................................... 105
8.2 Radio Types .......................................................................................... 107
8.3 Receive Sensitivity ................................................................................ 107
8.4 Throughput versus Distance ................................................................. 107
8.5 FCC Certified Antennas ........................................................................ 108
8.6 DC Power Connections ......................................................................... 109
8.7 Glossary ................................................................................................ 110
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Notices - R&TTE Community Language CE Declarations .................... 14
Table 2: Notices - R&TTE: Countries of Use (3.4 GHz & 3.6 GHz) .................... 15
Table 3: Notices - Canada: Approved Antennas................................................. 16
Table 4: System - Wireless Link LED Indications................................................ 26
Table 5: System - Wireless Signal LED Indications ............................................ 26
Table 6: System - Ethernet Data Port Link/Act LEDs.......................................... 27
Table 7: System - Ethernet Data Port 100 LEDs ................................................ 27
Table 8: System - Ethernet Data Port FD/Col LEDs ........................................... 27
Table 9: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Link LEDs ................................................. 27
Table 10: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Act LEDs................................................. 28
Table 11: System - Pwr LED Indications............................................................. 28
Table 12: System - Fault LED Indications........................................................... 28
Table 13: System - Front Panel Reset Switch .................................................... 29
Table 14: System - Console Port Default Settings.............................................. 29
Table 15: System - Console Port (RS-232) Pinout ............................................. 29
Table 16: Web: Base Station Screens and Access Control ................................ 32
Table 17: System - Default Service Flow Throughput......................................... 49
Table 18: System - Wireless Channel Reference RSSI...................................... 60
Table 19: System - Wireless Channel Selection (3.4 - 3.6) ................................ 61
Table 20: Web: Wireless - Adaptive Modulation Threshold Settings .................. 68
Table 21: CLI - Command Summary .................................................................. 77
Table 22: CLI - Root Mode Commands .............................................................. 77
Table 23: CLI - Interface Command.................................................................... 78
Table 24: CLI - Interfaces Command .................................................................. 79
Table 25: CLI - IP Address Command ................................................................ 81
Table 26: CLI - Monitor Command...................................................................... 82
Table 27: CLI - Reboot Command ...................................................................... 82
Table 28: CLI - Set Command ............................................................................ 82
Table 29: CLI - Show Command......................................................................... 83
Table 30: CLI - Software Upgrade Command..................................................... 85
Table 31: CLI - Software Upgrade Command..................................................... 85
Table 32: CLI - User Command .......................................................................... 86
Table 33: CLI - WmanlfBs Command ................................................................. 86
Table 34: CLI - x509 Command .......................................................................... 87
Table 35: Op. Notes - Co-channel C/I dB Measured Results ............................. 92
Table 36: Op Notes: Receive Sensitivity Tests................................................... 95
Table 37: Troubleshooting - Factory Default Settings......................................... 96
Table 38: Troubleshooting - Web Interface Diagnostics ..................................... 99
Table 39: Troubleshooting - RF Error Diagnostics............................................ 100
Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages............................................ 100
Table 41: Specifications - RedMAX Base Station ............................................. 105
Table 42: Specs - Radios with 3.5 MHz and 7 MHz Channels.......................... 107
Table 43: Specs - Base Station Receive Sensitivity ......................................... 107
Table 44: Expected Throughput Decrease Over Distance (Kb/s) ..................... 107
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Table 45: Spec. - FCC Certified Antennas: 5.4 GHz Operation........................ 108
Table 46: DC Power Supply Cable Connections .............................................. 109
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Notices - WEEE Logo .......................................................................... 17
Figure 2: Intro - Base Station Terminal, Transceiver, and Antenna .................... 18
Figure 3: System - PTP Line of Sight Deployment.............................................. 20
Figure 4: System - Fresnel Zone......................................................................... 21
Figure 5: System - Non-Line of Sight Deployment.............................................. 22
Figure 6: System - Front Panel ........................................................................... 25
Figure 7: System - Front Panel Wireless Section................................................ 25
Figure 8: System - Front Panel Ethernet LEDs and RJ-45 Ports........................ 26
Figure 9: System - System LEDs and Reset Switch ........................................... 28
Figure 10: System - Transceiver and Antenna.................................................... 30
Figure 11: Web: Base Station System Menu ...................................................... 31
Figure 12: Web: Access - Browser Address Field............................................... 33
Figure 13: Web: Access - Base Station Login Screen ........................................ 33
Figure 14: Web: Monitoring - General Information Screen.................................. 34
Figure 15: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Status Screen........................... 35
Figure 16: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Statistics Screen....................... 37
Figure 17: Web: Monitoring - SS Info Screen ..................................................... 39
Figure 18: Web: Monitoring - SS Info - SF Info Screen....................................... 40
Figure 19: Web: Monitoring - Event Log Screen ................................................. 41
Figure 20: Web: Monitoring - Auto Refresh Screen ............................................ 42
Figure 21: Configuration - Service Class Screen ................................................ 44
Figure 22: Configuration - Service Class Screen ................................................ 46
Figure 23: Configuration - Service Flow Screen ................................................. 49
Figure 24: Configuration - Classifier Screen ....................................................... 54
Figure 25: Configuration - Save SF Configuration Screen.................................. 58
Figure 26: Web: Configuration - Wireless Interface Screen................................ 59
Figure 27: Web: Configuration - Ethernet Interface Screen ................................ 63
Figure 28: Intra-Sector Layer 2 Forwarding -- Internal Mode.............................. 64
Figure 29: Web: Configuration - Management Interface Screen......................... 65
Figure 30: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Configuration Screen........................ 67
Figure 31: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Config - Burst Profile Settings .......... 68
Figure 32: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen ................................. 70
Figure 33: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen ................................. 72
Figure 34: Web: Admin Tools - System Password Screen ................................. 74
Figure 35: CLI - Connecting via Telnet ............................................................... 76
Figure 36: Op Notes: OFDM Multiple Carriers .................................................... 93
Figure 37: Diagnostics: Base Station Front Panel View...................................... 97
Figure 38: Diagnostics: Base Station Power Supply Fuse Holder ...................... 99
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Chapter
1
11
mppoorrttaanntt SSaaffeettyy
IIm
Noottiicceess
N
1.1 Safety Warnings
1. Read this User Manual and follow all operating and safety instructions.
2. Installation of the antenna and modem must be contracted to a professional installer.
3. This product is supplied with a grounding power plug. Do not defeat this important
safety feature.
4. The power requirements are indicated on the product-marking label. Do not exceed
the described limits and do not overload wall outlets.
5. Position the power cord to avoid possible damage.
6. DC power supply connection warning:
DC Power Supply Connections: Warning to Service Personnel
Caution for all
AC and DC models:
Caution for all
DC models:
7. IF cable connection caution:
IF Cable Connection: Caution to Service Personnel
Connecting or disconnecting the IF cable connector when the base station is
powered-on may damage the base station equipment.
The base station provides DC power to the outdoor modem unit through the IF
cable. Installers must ensure that the base station indoor unit is completely
powered off before connecting or disconnecting the IF cable at the modem or
indoor unit. Technical service personnel must employ the same cautions when
bench-testing equipment prior to field deployment.
8. Do not place this product on or near a direct heat source, and avoid placing objects
on the terminal.
9. Do not operate this device near water or in a wet location.
10. Use only a damp cloth for cleaning. Do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners.
Disconnect the power before cleaning.
11. Protect the unit by disconnecting the power if it is not used for long periods.
Double pole/neutral fusing.
Units are not
activate immediately
source.
& SSeerrvviiccee
&
equipped with power switches and
when connected to a power
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12. Locate terminal on a stable horizontal surface or securely mounted in a 19-inch rack.
13. The radio modem units must not be located near power lines or other electrical
power circuits.
14. The system must be properly grounded to protect against power surges and
accumulated static electricity. It is the user’s responsibility to install this device in
accordance with the local electrical codes: correct installation procedures for
grounding of the modem unit, mast, lead-in wire and discharge unit, location of
discharge unit, size of grounding conductors and connection requirements for
grounding electrodes.
15. The DC input source must be an isolated secondary DC SELV supply (60V DC
max).
16. This equipments must be installed in compliance with relevant articles in National
Electric Code-NEC (and equivalent Canadian Electrical Code CEC) including
chapter 8.
17. Keep all product information for future reference.
1.2 Important Warning Symbols
The following symbols may be encountered during installation or troubleshooting. These
warning symbols mean danger. Bodily injury may result if you are not aware of the safety
hazards involved in working with electrical equipment and radio transmitters. Familiarize
yourself with standard safety practices before continuing.
Electro-Magnetic Radiation High Voltage
1.3 Frequency Selection
1.3.1 General
Operation in the FWA band is subject to license. The radio power and channel frequency
selections must be set correctly before the installed system is allowed to transmit. The
installed system must comply with all governing local, regional, and national regulations.
Contact authorities in the country of installation for complete information regarding the
licensing regime and operating restrictions for that regulatory domain.
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1.4 FCC Notice
1. The Model AN-100U and its antenna must be professionally installed.
2. WARNING -- FCC RF Exposure Warnings
To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for RF transmitting devices, a minimum
distance of 20 cm should be maintained between the antenna of this device and
persons during device operation. To ensure compliance, operation at closer than this
distance is not recommended. The antenna used for this transmitter must not be
collocated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
3. Operation is restricted to the 25 MHz band 3.650-3.675 GHz (restricted contention
based protocol for WiMAX devices).
4. FCC Information to Users @ FCC 15.21 & 15.105:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
5. Warning: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Redline
Communications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
6. Refer to section 8.5: FCC Certified Antennas on page 108 for a list of certified
antennas.
1.4.1 R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Statements
Installation
The modem and antenna equipment must be installed by a qualified professional installer
and must be installed in compliance with regional, national, and local regulations. It is the
responsibility of the system installer and/or system operator to ensure the installed system
does not exceed any operational constraints identified by local regulations. Refer to the
product User Guide and Installation Guidelines document for detailed information covering
the correct steps to ensure power and frequency settings are set correctly before connecting the
antenna. Operation in the 3.4-3.6 GHz band is subject to license. Authorities within the
country of installation can provide information regarding the licensing regime and restrictions.
Community Language Declarations
The following table contains community language versions of informal statement in
accordance with Article 6.3 of Directive 1999/5/EC.
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Table 1: Notices - R&TTE Community Language CE Declarations
Danish Undertegnede Redline Communications erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr
RedMAX Base Station (model base station) overholder de væsentlige krav og
øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Dutch
English Hereby, Redline Communications, declares that this RedMAX Base Station
Finnish Redline Communications vakuuttaa täten että RedMAX Base Station (model
French
German
Greek
Italian Con la presente Redline Communications dichiara che questo RedMAX Base
Portuguese Redline Communications declara que este RedMAX Base Station (model base
Spanish Por medio de la presente Redline Communications declara que el RedMAX
Swedish Härmed intygar Redline Communications att denna RedMAX Base Station
Hierbij verklaart Redline Communications dat het toestel RedMAX Base Station
(model base station) in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de
andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
Bij deze verklaart Redline Communications dat deze RedMAX Base Station
(model base station) voldoet aan de essentiële eisen en aan de overige
relevante bepalingen van Richtlijn 1999/5/EC.
(model base station) is in compliance with the essential requirements and other
relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
base station) tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja
sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.
Par la présente Redline Communications déclare que l'appareil RedMAX Base
Station (model base station) est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux
autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE.
Par la présente, Redline Communications déclare que ce RedMAX Base Station
(model base station) est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres
dispositions de la directive 1999/5/CE qui lui sont applicables.
Hiermit erklärt Redline Communications, dass sich dieser/diese/dieses RedMAX
Base Station (model base station) in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten Vorschriften der Richtlinie
1999/5/EG befindet". (BMWi)
Hiermit erklärt Redline Communications die Übereinstimmung des Gerätes
RedMAX Base Station (model base station) mit den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten Festlegungen der Richtlinie
1999/5/EG. (Wien)
ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ Redline Communications ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ RedMAX Base
Station (model base station) ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ
ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ ∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ
1999/5/ΕΚ.
Station (model base station) è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre
disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
station) está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras provisões da
Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Base Station (model base station) cumple con los requisitos esenciales y
cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva
1999/5/CE.
(model base station) står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav
och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
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Table 2: Notices - R&TTE: Countries of Use (3.4 GHz & 3.6 GHz)
Country 3400-3600 MHz Country 3400-3600 MHz Country 3400-3600 MHz
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Cyprus Italy Slovakia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Norway
R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC - Declarations of conformity are available at the following
web site address:
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
http://www.redlinecommunications.com/conformance/
1.5 Important Service Information
1. Refer all repairs to qualified service personnel. Removing the covers or modifying
any part of this device, as this voids the warranty.
2. Disconnect the power to this product and return it for service if the following
conditions apply:
- The unit does not function after following the operating instructions outlined in
this manual.
- Liquid has been spilled, a foreign object is inside, or the indoor terminal has been
exposed to rain.
- The product has been dropped or the housing is damaged.
3. Locate and record the serial number of the terminal, antenna, and modem for future
reference. Record the MAC address of the indoor terminal.
4. Redline does not endorse or support the use of outdoor cable assemblies: i) not
supplied by Redline, ii) third-party products that do not meet Redline's cable and
connector assembly specifications, or iii) cables not installed and weatherproofed as
specified in this manual. Refer to the Redline Limited Standard Warranty and
RedCare service agreements.
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1.6 Information For Use In Canada
WARNING: To satisfy IC RF exposure requirements for RF transmitting devices,
where an externally mounted antenna is employed in point-to-multipoint applications,
each antenna must be separated from all persons by a distance of at least 65 centimeters.
To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The
antenna used for this transmitter must not be collocated in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.
Usage of this base station is subject to license within Canada. Operation is restricted to
the 200 MHz band from 3.450-3.650 GHz. More information regarding licensing
requirements is available from Industry Canada
This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a
maximum gain of 17.5 dBi. Antennas having a gain greater than 17.5 dBi are strictly
prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
Table 3: Notices - Canada: Approved Antennas
(www.ic.gc.ca).
A11360EAO
A1490MTS
A2014ARF
A2408MTF
PA14120EAS
PA14120EASH
PA1590EASH
PA1660EASH
PA1690EAS
PA1760EAS
Omni Antenna: 360 degree, 11 dBi.
Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 14.5 dBi flat panel, vertical polarization.
Sector Antenna: 1 foot, 13.5 degree, 20 dBi, flat panel antenna.
Sector Antenna: 2 foot, 8 degree, 24 dBi, flat panel antenna.
Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi flat panel, vertical polarization.
Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi, flat panel, horizontal polarization.
Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 15 dBi, horizontal polarization.
Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 16 dBi, horizontal polarization.
Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 16 dBi, vertical polarization.
Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 17 dBi, vertical polarization.
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1.7 WEEE Product Return Process
Figure 1: Notices - WEEE Logo
In accordance with the WEEE (Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment)
directive, 2002/96/EC, Redline Communications equipment is marked with the logo
shown above. The WEEE directive seeks to increase recycling and re-use of electrical
and electronic equipment. This symbol indicates that this product should not
of as part of the local municipal waste program. Contact your local sales representative
for additional information.
be disposed
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Chapter
2
22
Reedd
R
Congratulations on your purchase of the Redline Communications model Access Node100U wireless broadband base station single sector base station. Redline
Communications is a world leader in design and production of Broadband Fixed Wireless
(BFW) systems.
M
M
AXX
A
Baassee SSttaattiioonn
B
2.1 Introduction
The RedMAX base station is a carrier class IEEE 802.16-2004 compliant wireless device
for deployment of point-to-multipoint (PMP) and point-to-point (PTP) systems.
Figure 2: Intro - Base Station Terminal, Transceiver, and Antenna
The base station consists of an indoor terminal (IDU) and outdoor modem and antenna
(ODU). Each operational RedMAX wireless broadband network segment is comprised of
a RedMAX base station and one or more WiMAX Forum Certified subscribers. Each
subscriber registers and establishes a bi-directional data link with the base station sector
controller.
Ovveerrvviiee
O
w
w
The RedMAX base station is (part of) the 802.16 definition of a base station. A RedMAX
base station functions as a central hub or concentrator, connected to a WAN network
access point, and managing wireless links for remote subscribers. The RedMAX base
station enforces the Quality of Service (QoS) settings by controlling all uplink and
downlink traffic scheduling -- providing non-contention based traffic with predictable
transmission characteristics.
2.2 IEEE 802.16 / WiMAX Compliance
The IEEE 802.16-2004 specifications describe a PMP broadband wireless access
standard for systems operating in the frequency range of 2-11 GHz, and 10-66 GHz. This
standard includes descriptions for both the Media Access Control (MAC) and the
physical (PHY) layers.
The RedMAX base station is compliant to the following IEEE 802.16-2004
WirelessMAN-OFDM and WirelessHUMAN-OFDM Physical Layer Profiles:
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- ProfP3_3.5: WirelessMAN-OFDM PHY profile for 3.5 MHz channelization (Rel. 1.0)
- ProfP3_7: WirelessMAN-OFDM PHY profile for 7 MHz channelization (Rel. 1.1)
Note that the 802.16 standards are subject to amendment, and RedMAX product design
compliance applies to a specific revision of the standard. The RedMAX product does not
support mesh communication (direct subscriber-to-subscriber).
Redline is an active member of the IEEE 802.16 standards committee and has been
instrumental in creating the original 802.16 standards. Redline is also active in
recommending, writing and following-up on new amendments to the 802.16
specifications.
Redline is an active member of the WiMAX Forum™ and is participating in
interoperability testing in the WiMAX Forum.
2.3 PHY Specification
The base station is designed for 2-11 GHz operation based on the WirelessMAN-OFDM
PHY definition in the IEEE 802.16 specification. Refer to the system specifications for
supported frequency ranges.
2.4 OFDM (256 FFT)
The base station uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is a
multi-carrier transmission technique where the data stream is split and transmitted (at a
reduced rate) in parallel streams on separate sub-carriers. OFDM uses the Fast Fourier
Transform (FFT) algorithm to implement modulation and demodulation functions. Using
adequate channel coding and bit-interleaving, OFDM can perform very well in severe
multipath environments, mitigate frequency selective fading and provide high spectral
efficiency.
2.5 Features
2.5.1 Privacy
The base station is hardware ready to provide encryption for user traffic. The MAC
header of 802.16 contains the information Encryption Control (EC), Encryption Key
sequence (EKS) , and Connection Identifier (CID) necessary to decrypt a payload by the
receiver. Protection of the payload is indicated by the EC bit field. A value of '1' indicates
the payload is cryptographically protected and the EKS field contains meaningful data. A
value of '0' indicates the payload is not cryptographically protected. The EKS field
contains a sequence number used to identify the current generation of keying material.
2.5.2 Time Division Duplexing (TDD)
The base station system uses time division duplexing (TDD) to transmit and receive on
the same RF channel, or using separate RF channels using half-duplex FDD (HD-FDD).
These are both non-contention based methods for providing an efficient and predictable
two-way PTP or PMP cell deployment. All uplink and downlink transmission scheduling
is managed by the base station. The base station sends data traffic to subscribers, polls for
grant requests, and sends grant acknowledgements based on the total of all traffic to all
subscribers.
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2.5.3 Coding Rate
Each burst of data transmitted over the wireless interface is padded with redundant
information, making it more resistant to potential over-the-air errors. The coding rate is
the ratio of user data to the total data transmitted including the redundant error correction
data. The base station supports coding rates of 1/2, 2/3, and 3/4.
2.5.4 Modulation
The modulation technique specifies how the data is coded within the OFDM carriers. The
base station supports BPSK, QPSK, 16 Quadarature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and
64 QAM modulation.
2.5.5 Reed Solomon Error Correction
Outer Reed-Solomon and inward Convolution Coding (RS-CC) error correction is
enabled for all traffic rates, with the exception of BPSK 1/2 where only inward
Convolution Coding is used. These low-level processes can correct bursts of errors in
received messages and reduce the number of retransmissions.
2.5.6 Time Synchronization
When operating two or more collocated base stations, transmitter operations MUST be
synchronization to minimize inter-sector interference. Each base station has a
synchronization port located on the front panel to receive synchronization pulses.
2.6 Deployment Models
The base station supports point to point (PTP) and point to multipoint (PMP) deployment
scenarios.
Figure 3: System - PTP Line of Sight Deployment
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2.6.1 PTP Deployment
When deployed in a PTP configuration the base station establishes a dedicated bidirectional link to a single subscriber. The PTP deployments typically use a directional
narrow beam antenna for both ends of the link.
2.6.2 PMP Deployment
When deployed in a PMP configuration the base station establishes bi-directional links to
more than one subscriber. PMP deployments typically use a wide beam (sector) antenna
at the base station and a narrow beam antenna at the subscriber. Service flows are used to
police service level agreements for each subscriber.
2.6.3 Non Line-of-Sight
The RedMAX system supports line-of-sight (LOS), optical line-of-sight (OLOS), and
non line-of-sight (NLOS) operation. A clear LOS link has no obstacles within 60% of the
first Fresnel zone of the direct path. An OLOS link has obstructions within 60% of the
first Fresnel zone, but a visible path exists between the base station and subscriber. Refer
to the following illustration.
Figure 4: System - Fresnel Zone
A wireless link is considered non LOS if natural or man-made structures block the visible
path between the base station and the subscriber. In this case, a wireless link can be
established only if a reflective path can be established between the base station and
subscriber.
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Figure 5: System - Non-Line of Sight Deployment
2.6.4 Channelization
The base station is a frequency-specific system, with the frequency band defined by the
modem unit. The use of the operating band must be in accordance with European
Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT)
Recommendation 14-03.
The base station divides the available frequency band into channels. Allocation of
channels during deployment is dependent on spectrum availability in the licensed FWA
band and local licensing requirements and conditions. Channel selection allows planners
to obtain the maximum geographic coverage, while avoiding frequency contention in
adjacent sectors.
2.7 Service Flows
Service flows are a key feature of the 802.16 standard.
A service flow represents a unidirectional data flow. Transmitting bidirectional traffic
requires that two service flows be defined: one for the uplink, and another for the
downlink. These service flows can have different QoS settings.
The base station allows multiple service flows to be configured for each subscriber in a
sector. This allows service providers to offer different services, and segregate traffic
flows having different QoS requirements.
A service flow is partially characterized by the following attributes:
1. A 32-bit Service Flow ID (SFID) is assigned to all existing service flows. The SFID
serves as the principal identifier for the Service Flow and has an associated direction.
2. A 16-bit Connection ID (CID) is associated with each active SFID (connection
active).
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3. A set of QoS parameters specifying the required resources. The principal resource is
bandwidth, but the specification may also include latency requirements.
4. A set of QoS parameters defining the level of service being provided.
2.7.1 Service Flow Classification
Data packets are forwarded based on classification rules. Classification rules require
examining each packet for pattern matches such as destination address, source address, or
VLAN tag. All classification is defined at the base station and the classification
parameters are downloaded to the subscriber.
2.7.2 Dynamic Service Addition
Service flows are defined and stored in the base station. For each service flow to be
established, the base station sends a setup message to the subscriber specifying the
required set of QoS parameters. The subscriber responds to each request by accepting or
rejecting the setup message.
A service flow may be pre-provisioned or can be dynamically created and deleted
without service outage. This is useful for supporting multiple subscribers in a single
sector. New subscribers can be added and existing subscribers can be removed or have
service levels modified.
Setup messages are sent by the base station following any subscriber power-cycle, loss
and recovery of the wireless link to a subscriber, or any service flow add/delete operation
at the base station.
2.7.3 Default Service Flows
Default UL/DL service flows are created automatically for each registered subscriber.
These service flows are used to pass all traffic not matching any user-defined service
flow (such as broadcast ARP) between the base station and subscribers. The default
service flow capacity is limited for each subscriber.
2.7.4 Scheduling
The base station enforces QoS settings for each service flow by controlling all uplink and
downlink traffic scheduling. This provides non-contention based traffic model with
predictable transmission characteristics. By analyzing the total of requests of all
subscribers, the base station ensures that uplink and downlink traffic conforms with the
current service level agreements (SLAs). Centralized scheduling increases predictability
of traffic, eliminates contention, and provides the maximum opportunity for reducing
overhead.
A regular period is scheduled for subscribers to register with the base station. These
subscribers may be newly commissioned or have been deregistered due to service outage
or interference on the wireless interface. This is the only opportunity for multiple
subscribers to transmit simultaneously.
Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS)
The base station schedules a continuous regular series of transmit opportunities for the
subscriber to send variable size data packets. The grant size is based on the current data
transfer requirement. Typical applications include streaming MPEG video or VOIP with
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silence suppression. This is efficient for applications that have a real-time component and
continuously changing bandwidth requirements.
Non-Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS)
The base station schedules regular transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send
variable size data packets. Typical applications may include high bandwidth FTP. The
polling period may typically be one second or less, even during periods of network
congestion.
Best Effort (BE)
The base station schedules transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send traffic based
on unused bandwidth after all higher level traffic scheduling requirements are serviced.
Typical applications may include Internet access and email. Best effort service flows can
be assigned a priority of 0 to 7.
Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS)
The base station schedules a continuous series of transmit opportunities for the subscriber
to send fixed size data packets. This schedule supports real-time applications including
VoIP or TDM transport. The UGS pre-scheduled grants guarantee reserved bandwidth
and reduce latency introduced by repetitive grant requests. The service flow will not
transmit packets larger than nominal grant interval.
Traffic Scheduling Algorithm
The base station scheduling algorithm uses two scheduling passes. On the first pass, the
scheduler attempts to allocate bandwidth to meet the minimum rates for all active service
flows. If there is available bandwidth remaining at the end of the first pass, the scheduler
executes a second pass and attempts meet all specified maximum rates. During both
passes, bandwidth allocations are assigned based on the following order of assessment:
1. Priority of the scheduling service type, from highest to lowest (rtPS first, and then
BE).
2. Traffic Priority setting when multiple service flows have the same service type.
Wireless transmission bandwidth is optimized by granting allocations based only on
traffic available for immediate transmission: only the required bandwidth is allocated,
and idle service flow channels do not receive any bandwidth allocation.
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Chapter
3
33
PPhhyyssiiccaall D
Deessccrriippttiioonn
3.1 Base Station Terminal (IDU)
This section describes the characteristics of the base station terminal.
Figure 6: System - Front Panel
All indicator LEDs, power receptacles, data ports, and the reset switch are located on the
front panel of the terminal. There is a ground terminal provided at the rear of the
terminal.
3.1.1 Mounting
The terminal can be freestanding on a flat surface, or mounted into a standard 19-inch
equipment rack.
3.1.2 Power Supply
Power supply options include single or dual AC or DC supplies, or a combination of AC
and DC power supplies. Cables are included with both AC and DC power supplies. Refer
to section 8.6: DC Power Connections on page 109 for additional information about DC
power wiring.
Warning to service personnel:
Caution for all AC and DC models – Double Pole/Neutral fusing.
3.1.3 Wireless Section
This section describes the wireless port, base station time synchronization ports, and
wireless LEDs.
Figure 7: System - Front Panel Wireless Section
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IF Port (Radio Control)
The terminal has a female N-type port for connection to the modem using a coaxial cable.
This port provides the following functions:
- Local oscillator signal for synchronization between the terminal and radio
- Telemetry signals for control and monitoring the modem
- IF modulated data to/from the radio (wireless interface)
- 24 VDC power to power the radio
Time Synchronization Port
The synchronization interface has two SMA female connectors located on the front panel.
Refer to section 8.6: DC Power Connections on page 109 for additional information.
Wireless LEDs
Link LED
The wireless Link LED flashes once every 8 frames to provide a 'heartbeat' indicator.
This indicates proper communication with the outdoor unit (ODU), and that the framer is
operating correctly. If this LED is not flashing, there is no possibility of establishing a
wireless link.
Table 4: System - Wireless Link LED Indications
LED State Description
FLASH Wireless interface enabled and functioning correctly.
OFF Wireless interface unavailable.
Signal LED
The Signal LED flashes each time a message is received from any subscriber. Message
types include: periodic ranging messages, bandwidth requests, and user data traffic.
Table 5: System - Wireless Signal LED Indications
LED State Description
ON Messages being received from subscribers.
OFF No wireless link activity.
3.1.4 Ethernet Section
This section describes the Ethernet LEDs and port connections.
Figure 8: System - Front Panel Ethernet LEDs and RJ-45 Ports
Data Port
The Data port is always enabled. The port can be programmed to operate in full duplex or
half duplex mode and at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.
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Data Port LEDs
Data Port Link/Act LED
The Link/Act LED lights green when the LAN connection to the host is functioning
properly.
Table 6: System - Ethernet Data Port Link/Act LEDs
LED Description
ON Link is present.
FLASH Link is present and there is data activity.
Data Port 100 LED
The 100 LED lights solid green when the terminal is operating at 100 Mbps. The LED is
off when operating at 10 Mbps.
Data Port FD/Col LED
The FD/Col LED lights green when the port is operating in Full Duplex mode. The LED
flashes when collisions are detected.
OFF Link is not active.
Table 7: System - Ethernet Data Port 100 LEDs
LED Description
ON LAN is operating at 100 Mbps.
OFF LAN is operating at 10 Mbps.
Table 8: System - Ethernet Data Port FD/Col LEDs
LED Description
ON Full duplex operation
FLASH Packet collisions detected on the LAN
OFF Half Duplex operation
Note: There are always collisions occurring on a Half-Duplex link.
Mgt Port
The Mgt port is used for out-of-band management and diagnostics. This port can be
disabled and management traffic sent through the data port.
Mgt Port LEDs
Mgt Port Link (Link/Act) LED
The Mgt port Link LED lights green when a link is established.
Table 9: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Link LEDs
LED Description
ON Ethernet interface is present.
FLASH Ethernet interface is present and there is data activity.
OFF Ethernet interface is not active.
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Mgt Port Act (100) LED
The 100 LED lights solid green when the Mgt port is operating at 100 Mbps. The LED is
off when operating at 10 Mbps.
Table 10: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Act LEDs
LED Description
ON Ethernet interface is operating at 100 Mbps.
3.1.5 System Section
This section describes other general features of the front panel.
System LEDs
The System LEDs indicate power supply status and system faults.
OFF Ethernet interface is operating at 10 Mbps.
Figure 9: System - System LEDs and Reset Switch
System Pwr LED
The Pwr LED lights green to indicate normal operation.
Table 11: System - Pwr LED Indications
LED Description
ON Normal operation.
FLASH One of the dual AC/DC power supplies is off.
OFF System is turned off.
System Fault LED
The Fault LED lights red when a serious fault is detected.
Table 12: System - Fault LED Indications
LED Description
OFF Normal operation.
FLASH Only one of the dual power supplies is
operational.
ON Serious problem with the system hardware. Refer
to the Troubleshooting section.
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Reset Switch
The Reset button is recessed in the front panel of the terminal. To operate the switch,
use a small narrow object (i.e., paper clip) to depress the switch.
Table 13: System - Front Panel Reset Switch
Operation Result
Depress switch
less than 5
seconds
Depress switch
longer than 5
seconds
3.1.6 Grounding Connection
A ground terminal is located on the rear of the terminal. Correct grounding is very
important for safe operation of wireless equipment.
3.1.7 Console Port
The console port requires a crossover (null modem) cable to connect directly to a PC
serial port emulating a VT-52 or VT-100 terminal. The following table lists the default
settings for the Console port:
Short-reset. A short-reset is equivalent to cycling the
terminal power off/on. Statistics counters are reset.
Long-reset. A long-reset sets the IP address and
password to the factory defaults. Refer to Troubleshooting
section.
Table 14: System - Console Port Default Settings
Baud 57,600
Data Bits 8
Flow Control None
Parity None
Stop Bits 1
The following table lists the Console port pinout and associated signals.
Table 15: System - Console Port (RS-232) Pinout
Pin Name RS232 V.24 Description
2 RXD BB 104 Receive Data
3 TXD BA 103 Transmit Data
5 GND AB 102 System Ground
Note: V.24 column is ITU-TSS V.24 circuit name.
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3.2 Radio (ODU)
3.2.1 Transceiver
The radio modem is housed in a weatherproof aluminum alloy case. The modem features
are listed in the following sections.
Figure 10: System - Transceiver and Antenna
IF Port
The modem has a female N-type port for connection to the terminal using a coaxial cable.
Through this port and cable, the modem:
- Sends/receives IF modulated data to/from the terminal.
- Transmits status information to the terminal.
- Receives control information from the terminal.
- Receives DC power from the terminal.
RF Port
The modem RF port (female N-type connector) is used for sending/receiving the RF
signal to/from the antenna. A short coaxial cable is provided to connect the modem to the
antenna.
3.2.2 Antenna
The antenna RF port (female N-type connector) is for sending/receiving the RF signal
to/from the modem. A short coaxial cable is provided to connect the antenna to the
modem.
3.2.3 Antenna Mounting Bracket
A vertical-mount bracket is provided with the system. The vertical mount bracket can
accommodate 4.45 - 11.45 cm (1 ¾ - 4 ½") OD masts found on many commercial tower
installations.
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