Redhat APPLICATION STACK User Manual

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Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 Release

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1.3

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Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 Release Notes

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1

1. Overview of This Release ............................................................................... 1

2. Installation Prerequisites ................................................................................. 1

3. Package-specific Notes .................................................................................. 1

2. Configuring the Java Environment ........................................................................... 3

1. Install a supported SDK .................................................................................. 3

1.1. Installing a BEA, IBM or Sun SDK ........................................................ 3

2. Install the jbossas package ............................................................................ 4

2.1. Using up2date / RHN (Preferred Method) ............................................. 4

2.2. Using up2date / DVD .......................................................................... 4

3. Installing Red Hat Application Stack ........................................................................ 7

4. Using JBoss AS ....................................................................................................11

1. Using the Linux service (production) ...............................................................11

2. Using run.sh (development) ...........................................................................13

3. Creating copies of JBOSS_HOME ......................................................................14

4. Using the jbossas-* commands from any directory ........................................14

5. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS .........................................................15

5.1. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS using different sets of ports .....16

5.2. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS binding to different local IP

addresses ................................................................................................17

6. More Information ...........................................................................................17

5. Export Control .......................................................................................................19

Chapter 1.

Introduction

1. Overview of This Release

Red Hat Application Stack is a set of software components that have been tested and certified to work together in an integrated fashion. Red Hat Application Stack is designed for dynamic web applications for both the LAMP and Java platforms.

2. Installation Prerequisites

• Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 has been tested and certified on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 U5 systems. It is not certified for use with earlier versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Please follow the separate instructions for installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 before installing Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3.

• Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 is available for 32- and 64-bit Intel architectures only (i386 and x86_64).

• Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 includes JBoss AS 4.2, for running web applications in a standard middleware environment. Note that JBoss AS uses an embedded Tomcat and does not require a stand-alone Tomcat. Before installing and running JBoss AS you will require a working installation of Java 1.5. Currently Red Hat Application Stack is certified with the Sun JVM 1.5.0 update 15 or later, and the latest BEA JVM available through RHN. Please refer to

Chapter 2, Configuring the Java Environment for instructions on configuring the Java

environment for JBoss AS.

• If you intend to use the production config (started by default), you will need atleast 1.5GB of physical memory.

3. Package-specific Notes

In most cases, Red Hat Application Stack contains more recent versions of packages than those that are included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Installing Red Hat Application Stack may update/overwrite these packages. Please ensure you review the complete package list before beginning the installation process.

Chapter 2.

Configuring the Java Environment

JBoss AS relies on an installed JVM, such as those by Sun, or BEA. Both JVMs are available from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (AS/ES) Extras channel.

THIS RELEASE HAS BEEN CERTIFIED WITH THE SUN AND BEA JVMS.

Currently Red Hat Application Stack is certified with the Sun JVM version 1.5.0 update 15 or later and the latest BEA JVM available through RHN. This may change in future releases.

With Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 U6 there are 1.5 versions of the BEA (JRockit), IBM and SUN SDKs.

We have adopted the jpackage.org style for the packaging of our Java(TM) offerings. This requires that the jpackage-utils rpm be installed on your system. A JPackage-style JVM must be installed via up2date (see channel details below) and jpackage-utils will be automatically brought in as a dependency.

1. Install a supported SDK

1.1. Installing a BEA, IBM or Sun SDK

1. Install a Java SDK from RHN

Java SDKs are provided by the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Extras channel for your Linux variant and architecture. The channel names are as follows:

rhel-arch-variant-4-extras where:

arch = i386 or x86_64 variant = as, or es

The java-1.5.0-bea, java-1.5.0-ibm and java-1.5.0-sun SDKs are available from these channels. Make sure you also install the -devel subpackages.

2. Selecting alternatives for java, javac and java_sdk_1.5.0 (setting java_sdk_1.5.0 is

optional). This is only needed if you want to use the SysV service script and/or want this installed SDK

to be the default java and javac in the system. This choice can often be overridden by setting the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

Chapter 2. Configuring the Java Environment

The alternatives system allows different versions of Java, from different sources to co-exist on your system. You should make sure the desired one is selected so that the service script uses the one you want.

As root, issue the following command:

/usr/sbin/alternatives --config java

and make sure the desired one is selected (marked with a '+'), or select it by entering its number as prompted.

Make sure you do the same for javac and java_sdk_1.5.0. We recommend that all point to the same manufacturer and version.

2. Install the jbossas package

2.1. Using up2date / RHN (Preferred Method)

1. up2date your RHEL4 installation and install the JVM as described above.

2. Subscribe to the Enterprise Application Platform child channel:

For example: jbappplatform-4-i386-as-4-rpm or jbappplatform-4-x86_64-as-4-rpm

3. Install JBoss AS:

• For the Application Server (which includes an embedded Tomcat), run:

up2date jbossas

Refer also to Chapter 4, Using JBoss AS below.

2.2. Using up2date / DVD

To install using up2date / DVD:

1. up2date your installation and install the JVM as described above.

2. Mount the Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 DVD.

3. Add the following line to /etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources to use up2date directly on the

RPMs on the disk:

dir RedHat-Application-Stack-V1 path_to_mounted_DVD/RedHat/RPMS

Using up2date / DVD

4. Install JBoss AS:

• For the Application Server (which includes an embedded Tomcat), run:

up2date jbossas

5. After the installation is complete, remove the line you added to

/etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources in Step 3. Failure to do this will result in up2date producing

warnings whenever you run up2date again without mounting the Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 DVD.

Refer also to Chapter 4, Using JBoss AS below. If you are upgrading from version 1.1 of Red Hat Application Stack, please note that the

"jbossas-ejb3" package has now been obsoleted and it's contents merged into the main jbossas package. An "up2date jbossas" command will upgrade everything correctly.

Chapter 3.

Installing Red Hat Application Stack

To install Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3:

1. If you have an existing database, back up your data and shut down the database:

If you are using PostgreSQL:

• Back-up your database. For example, run:

su rm -rf /tmp/pg.backup su - postgres /usr/bin/pg_dumpall > /tmp/pg.backup exit

Note

If you have large objects in the database, you need to use pg_dump instead of pg_dumpall. See http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/largeobjects.html and

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/app-pg-dumpall.html

For more information, see http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/install-upgrading.html

If you are using MySQL:

• Backing-up your database is optional but recommended. Run as root:

mysqldump --all-databases -p > /tmp/mysqldumpfile.sql

2. Stop the daemons:

•

/sbin/service httpd stop

• To shut down MySQL:

/sbin/service mysqld stop

• To shut down PostgreSQL:

/sbin/service postgresql stop

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Application Stack

3. Install the software:

• Option 1. To install from RHN, which is the preferable option to avoid dependency issues, run as root:

up2date --installall rhel-i386-as-4-appstk-1 --exclude="*jbossas*" up2date jbossas

where rhel-i386-as-4-appstk-1 is the channel name for Red Hat Application Stack The channel names are as follows:

rhel-arch-variant-4-appstk-1

where:

arch = i386 or x86_64 variant = as, or es

• Option 2. To install from RPMs on Disk: Follow the instructions in Section 2.2, “ Using up2date / DVD ” to mount the DVD and set

up the local RHN channel (steps 1-3). Then as root run:

up2date --installall RedHat-Application-Stack-V1

Note

If you are upgrading from Stacks V.1.1, and have installed the jbossas-ejb3 package, before running the above command, you need to first remove

jbossas-ejb3 manually by running as root:

rpm -e jbossas-ejb3

Note

You may need to install the following packages to satisfy dependencies before executing the above command, if they are not already installed:

• apr-devel

• apr-util-devel

• libc-client

• mx

• pcre-devel

4. Restore your database:

• For PostgreSQL:

• Move (or remove) the database directory:

mv /var/lib/pgsql/data /var/lib/pgsql/data.backup

• Start the new PostgreSQL service:

/sbin/service postgresql start

• Restore your data from back-up

psql -U username < /tmp/pg.backup

• Start the http daemon:

/sbin/service httpd start

• For MySQL:

• Start MySQL:

/sbin/service mysqld start

• Update MySQL:

mysql_upgrade

• Restore your data:

Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Application Stack

mysql -p < /tmp/mysqldumpfile.sql

• Start the http daemon:

/sbin/service httpd start

The installation is now complete.

Chapter 4.

Using JBoss AS

1. Using the Linux service (production)

JBoss AS can be started, stopped, and configured to start automatically at boot time either from the command line or using a graphical tool.

You can start and stop the jbossas service using the service command as root on a console window (as is typical of a network service):

service jbossas start ... service jbossas stop

The behavior at boot can be controlled with the chkconfig command, as any other Linux service (see chkconfig man page).

Alternatively, you can issue the command system-config-services to activate the graphical Red Hat Service Configuration Tool, which can also be activated from the main menu. Select:

System Settings > Server Settings > Services

Note

For security purposes, beginning with Red Hat Application Stack V.1.1, authentication for the jmx-console, web-console, jmx-invoker and http-invoker is turned on. Additionally, no user accounts are active by default, so as to prevent default user / password based attacks.

• Accounts for the jmx-console and the invokers can be set up by modifying:

$JBOSS_HOME/server/$CONFIG/conf/props/jmx-console-users.properties

• Accounts for the web-console users can be set up by modifying:

$JBOSS_HOME/server/$CONFIG/deploy/management/console-mgr.sar /web-console.war/WEB-INF/classes/web-console-users.properties

Please note that the file name above has been split onto two lines for readability. It should be understood and entered as one continuous line.

Where $JBOSS_HOME is the install directory (/var/lib/jbossas) and $CONFIG is the server configuration you are using.

Chapter 4. Using JBoss AS

Please see http://kbase.redhat.com/faq/FAQ_107_9963.shtm for more information

JBoss AS is configured with its internal servlet engine to listen for HTTP traffic on port 8080. Once the jbossas service has been started, you can verify that it is running by pointing your web browser to:

http://localhost:8080/web-console

You can use the Web Console to administer JBoss AS. The entire JBoss AS suite runs under a new jboss system user. It may be necessary to use the

'su -s /bin/bash jboss' system command to deposit .ear / .war / .jar files under the JBoss AS deployment directory, due to file system permissions. Alternatively, a developer can be listed in the jboss user group by the system administrator. The best approach is to use the Web Console (URL above) to deploy the application.

Note

Depositing files for which the user jboss has no read access in the deployment directory will cause the server to fail to deploy.

To create additional JBoss AS configurations besides the provided 'default', 'minimal', 'all' and 'production', you must create a new directory for your configuration as follows (note the switches given to the cp command):

export JBOSS_BASE=/var/lib/jbossas cd $JBOSS_HOME cp -pL -R server/default server/myownconfig

You can then change the configuration and request it to be used by setting the JBOSSCONF variable in the file:

/etc/sysconfig/jbossas

Optionally, you can just set the JBOSSCONF variable in /etc/sysconfig/jbossas to a non-existent subdirectory (existing parent with write access by the jboss user) or an empty directory (with write access by jboss) and the init script will create a new configuration directory tree for you based on the current "production" configuration when the service is first started. You can then stop the service, adjust the configuration as desired, and start it again.

Using run.sh (development)

Note

Please note that automated updating of configurations created using method above is not supported. If you create custom configurations, you will manually have to port files / changes from a new update to that configuration.

2. Using run.sh (development)

For development, you can activate the JBoss AS server with the familiar run.sh command as usual. The jbossas RPM installs the JBOSS_HOME in

/var/lib/jbossas

So, you can cd to /var/lib/jbossas/bin and use run.sh from there. If you wish to use a different JVM than the one that alternatives points to, you will need to set

JAVA_HOME first.

Tip

JAVA_HOME can be set system-wide in /etc/profile. But beware, some users

may not want to have JAVA_HOME set to this same SDK. Also, some may prefer to use the alternatives-selected one instead. These users may be affected by this global setting of JAVA_HOME.

If you still need to set JAVA_HOME for some other reason, the

alternatives-selected SDK is in /usr/lib/jvm/java, so a export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java will do.

IMPORTANT

The entire JBoss AS suite runs under a new jboss system user. It may be necessary to use the su -s /bin/bash jboss system command to run the server, change configuration, deploy etc., due to file system permissions. Alternatively, a developer can be listed in the jboss user group by the system administrator.

Yet another possibility is to create a personal copy of JBOSS_HOME (see

Creating copies of JBOSS_HOME below).

To create additional JBoss AS configurations besides the provided 'default', 'production',

Chapter 4. Using JBoss AS

'minimal' and 'all', you must create a new directory for your configuration as follows (note the switches given to the cp command):

JBOSS_BASE=/var/lib/jbossas cd $JBOSS_HOME cp -pL -R server/default server/myownconfig

You can then change the configuration and request it to be used by specifying it in the -c flag to

run.sh, as usual.

3. Creating copies of JBOSS_HOME

The analog of unzipping another copy of JBoss AS in a different directory is to make a copy of the RPM-installed JBOSS_HOME, located at /var/lib/jbossas.

You probably want this copy to have your own userid and group, so use:

cp -L -R /var/lib/jbossas my_new_jboss_home_directory

If you want to retain the jboss user and group ownership, use instead:

cp -pL -R /var/lib/jbossas my_new_jboss_home_directory

To run multiple servers simultaneously you will need to adjust the configuration to avoid port conflicts, as described in the JBoss AS documentation. Refer to Running multiple instances of

JBoss AS for more information.

Note

Please note that automated updating of copies created using methods above is not supported. If you create custom copies, you will manually have to port files / changes from a new update to that copy.

4. Using the jbossas-* commands from any directory

Most of the commands found in $JBOSS_HOME/bin have equivalents in /usr/bin with names like jbossas-command, where command is the original JBoss AS command name. So, for instance, there is a jbossas-run command that is available from any directory.

To use these commands, however, you must set two environment variables:

export JBOSS_HOME=/var/lib/jbossas

Running multiple instances of JBoss AS

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java

where the value you give for JAVA_HOME is the location of your installed Java VM.

5. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS

Note

Please note that automated updating of instances created using methods below is not supported. If you create custom instances, you will manually have to port files / changes from a new update to that instance.

The description here is restricted to running multiple instances of the JBoss AS Linux service. Running multiple instances with run.sh is already described elsewhere in the JBoss AS documentation.

You can administer multiple SysV services that run JBoss AS by creating additional service scripts. The process basically consists of:

• creating a link with the new service name to the original jbossas init script in /etc/init.d

• copying the jbossas file in /etc/sysconfig to one with the new service name (the init script and the configuration file names must match)

• making the desired configuration changes making sure:

• port conflicts are avoided

• a different log file is specified

Note

The original init script log files are created under /var/log/jbossas in directories that correspond to the configuration used (like 'default') with the usual

server.log name. For instance:

/var/log/jbossas/default/server.log

In general, each log file is created by the SysV script as

/var/log/service-name/$JBOSSCONF/server.log

so no file conflicts shall exist.

Chapter 4. Using JBoss AS

For more flexibility in the configuration of the different servers, you may want to create full copies of JBOSS_HOME. This is described in Creating copies of JBOSS_HOME above -- make sure you use the cp command's p switch to preserve the jboss user and group ownership. Then, in /etc/sysconfig/service-name, uncomment and update the value of the JBOSS_HOME variable.

Optionally, you can just uncomment and change the value of JBOSS_HOME as described above so as to specify an empty or non-existent directory and the script will automatically create a copy of the RPM-installed /var/lib/jbossas (original JBOSS_HOME) for you when the service is first started. The current "minimal", "production", "default" and "all" configurations will be copied. Make sure the parent directory, in case of a new directory, or the directory itself, if already existent, have write permissions for the user jboss.

Note

Starting the server this first time may take a little longer due to the file copying.

There are 2 ways to run additional instances of JBoss AS and avoid port conflicts:

• By using different sets of ports

• By binding to different local IP addresses

5.1. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS using different

sets of ports

Using different sets of ports The BindingManager in JBoss AS can be used to dynamically override service configurations

(e.g. port numbers). Jbossas has some pre-configured overrides, namely ports-01, ports-02 and ports-03. The configuration file can be found at

/var/lib/jbossas/docs/examples/binding-manager/sample-bindings.xml. These sets of

overrides can be used when multiple instances of JBoss AS must be started. Please follow these steps when multiple instance of JBoss AS need to be started:

1. Create a new file /etc/init.d/service-name which is a symlink to /etc/init.d/jbossas,

e.g:

ln -s /etc/init.d/jbossas /etc/init.d/jbossas-ports-01

2. Create a new config file for service-name, /etc/sysconfig/service-name. The contents of

this file should be similar to /etc/sysconfig/jbossas, except with instance specific values uncommented and updated, e.g:

Running multiple instances of JBoss AS

cp /etc/sysconfig/jbossas /etc/sysconfig/jbossas-ports-01. Uncomment and

update JBOSSCONF to ports-01 in /etc/sysconfig/jbossas-ports-01.

3. Then add service-name for management by chkconfig, e.g:

chkconfig --add jbossas-ports-01

4. To start/stop the service, simply: service service-name start/stop, e.g:

service jbossas-ports-01 start

5.2. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS binding to

different local IP addresses

Each JBoss AS instance is bound to a particular IP address.

1. Create a new file /etc/init.d/service-name which is a symlink to /etc/init.d/jbossas,

e.g:

ln -s /etc/init.d/jbossas /etc/init.d/jbossas-instance2

2. Create a new config file for service-name, /etc/sysconfig/service-name with instance

specific values uncommented and updated , e.g:

cp /etc/sysconfig/jbossas /etc/sysconfig/jbossas-instance2. Uncomment and

update JBOSSCONF to instance2. Create a new variable JBOSS_IP and set it to another IP address in /etc/sysconfig/jbossas-instance2

3. Then add service-name for management by chkconfig, e.g:

chkconfig --add jbossas-instance2

4. To start/stop the service, simply: service service-name start/stop, e.g:

service jbossas-instance2 start

6. More Information

More general documentation for JBoss AS is available under

/usr/share/doc/jbossas-4.2.0.

Chapter 5.

Export Control

As required by U.S. law, you represent and warrant that you:

a. Understand that certain parts of the software are subject to export controls under the U.S.

Commerce Departments Export Administration Regulations (EAR)

b. Are not located in a prohibited destination country under the EAR or U.S. sanctions

regulations (currently Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria)

c. Will not export, re-export, or transfer the software to any prohibited destination, entity, or

individual without the necessary export license(s) or authorizations(s) from the U.S. Government

d. Will not use or transfer the software for use in any sensitive nuclear, chemical or biological

weapons, or missile technology end-uses unless authorized by the U.S. Government by regulation or specific license

e. Understand and agree that if you are in the United States and export or transfer the Software

to eligible end users, you will, as required by EAR Section 740.17(e), submit semi-annual reports to the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry & Security (BIS) that include the name and address (including country) of each transferee

f. Understand that countries other than the United States may restrict the import, use, or export

of encryption products and that it shall be solely responsible for compliance with any such import, use, or export restrictions.

Redhat APPLICATION STACK User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Red Hat Application Stack V.1.3 Release Notes

1. Overview of This Release

2. Installation Prerequisites

3. Package-specific Notes

1. Install a supported SDK

1.1. Installing a BEA, IBM or Sun SDK

2. Install the jbossas package

2.1. Using up2date / RHN (Preferred Method)

2.2. Using up2date / DVD

1. Using the Linux service (production)

2. Using run.sh (development)

3. Creating copies of JBOSS_HOME

4. Using the jbossas-* commands from any directory

5. Running multiple instances of JBoss AS

6. More Information