Mono/Stereo Wireless Audio System, based on the Avnera AV5100 IC
General Description
The SWA51 module is a member of a family of
products representing a new level of system
integration offering customers fast time to market with
a point-to-point mono, or stereo, wireless connection.
These modules are optimized for low-cost,
high-quality and ease-of-use.
The module incorporates Avnera’s proprietary 5GHz
wireless audio protocol, designed from the ground up
specifically for audio. It features low fixed latency,
uncompressed CD quality mono or stereo audio,
superior interference immunity, and inherent
coexistence with WiFi.
The SWA51 module integrates all features necessary
to complete a wireless stereo or mono link, including
AV5100 Wireless Audio Chip, printed diversity
antennas, flash memory, interface connector and all
passive components. Just provide power and an I2S
interface and you are ready to create a wireless audio
link.
The module measures 26 x 47 x 3.5 mm and is
provided with a 24 pin FPC connector.
4 SWA51 Functional Block Diagram and Functional Description
Figure 1: SWA51 Module Block Diagram
The SWA51 module is available in 2 variations; digital input transmitter module or digital output
receiver module.
There are three available I2S digital audio data inputs/outputs, each of these can be configured to operate as either
a master or a slave - depending on the application, the I2S ports can operate simultaneously as either inputs or
outputs. When configured as slaves, the I2S inputs/outputs can be independently clocked by external masters. In
addition, MCLK can be output from the module to provide a reference clock source to an external ADC or DAC.
Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the SWA51 module. The hardware for the audio input
(transmit) and audio output (receive) versions of the module is identical and only the firmware loaded onto the
module determines its function.
The highly integrated nature of the AV5100 transceiver IC results in few external components being required for the
SWA51 module design. 2 printed PCB antennas are used to achieve increased range, and to achieve antenna
spatial diversity. The simple RF path consists only of the antennas, associated tuning components, shield can, the
RF switch and two baluns, one connected to each of the RF input and RF output ports on the AV5100 IC.
A 16MHz crystal oscillator generates the AV5100 fundamental system clock used as the basis for all RF and digital
audio clocks.
A 2Mb flash memory chip is used to store the module’s application firmware. The AV5100 is able to boot from
internal ROM upon first power up, which enables programming the flash chip with the application firmware r through
USB. In addition, Over-the-air Firmware upgrade capability can be enabled through the application firmware. The
module can be controlled from an external host device via the I2C Slave or the SPI Slave data interfaces. The I2C
master port allows the module to control other system audio devices such as a sub-woofer amplifier system without
having to add another MCU to the product design. Up to 119 additional GPIOs are available on the SWA51 module
(not including I2C and I2S signals) for implementing different UI features on the target application. The resources
mentioned above can be leveraged to implement low cost sub-woofer designs as outlined below.
4.1 Typical Sub-Woofer Implementation
A basic AV5100 Wireless Subwoofer system block Diagram is shown in Fig. 2.
A simple low cost implementation of sub-woofer design is shown in Figure 3. The sub amplifier consists of a PWM
chip plus an output stage device, but no external MCU is required as the SWA51-RX module performs the control
function using the I2C master communication port in conjunction with multiple GPIOs. The SWA51 module is
configured to accept nominal +3.3V or +5V power from the main application board. An optional reset signal can be
supplied to the SWA51-RX module and I2C or SPI slave communication can be used to control the module if
required.
Several GPIOs can be used to drive LEDs, or to connect to UI buttons. Typically 2 LEDs may be used and 1 button
for pairing purposes. Another button could be used, for example, to implement a “bass enhance” feature. Another
GPIO can be used to control the power supply to external system blocks such as the PWM IC and the output stage.
The SWA51-RX module can remain powered up during a standby or low power operating mode; however, a true
power-down mode can be implemented by configuring pin 17 (GPIO15/ADAT2/CEN) to be used as a chip-enable
pin that can be used to power down the AV5100. The SWA51 can also be completely powered down by turning off
the main 3.3V supply.
If the wireless link is lost (ex. when the sound bar is powered down), the SWA51_RX module can, after a timeout
period, power down the amplifier and output stage sections to conserve power and to help meet Energy Start
requirements.
The I2C master port from the SWA51_RX module (pins 5 and 6 on the connector) can communicate, control, and
initialize external audio ICs such as the PWM chip in this example. Other GPIOs can be used to detect fault
conditions (over temperature etc) and notify the module. The audio is routed from the SWA51-RX module to the
amplifier circuit with the I2S output port which can be configured as either a master or a slave as required. MCLK
can also be generated from the SWA51-RX module as a -12.28800MHz clock if required.
This implementation involves transmitting three channels over the air, one full-band stereo channel (2 x 96dB,
20KHz) used for the rear surround audio, and one mono 96dB, 5KHz channel for subwoofer audio
1
. The hardware
implementation on the client side is very similar to the subwoofer implementation, only two PWM
ICs and two audio amplifiers are used; one to drive the mono subwoofer and one to drive to stereo left and right
surround speakers. Still, no micro-controller is required; the Av5100 can act as a master controller for the PWM
and amplifier ICs via I2C, and as an I2S master with MCLK sourced either internally by the AV5100 or externally
from an external clock source. The actual subwoofer and surround speaker drivers can be housed inside the same
physical unit, or be housed in separate enclosures with wired connections to the client unit. Fig. 3 still applies to
the surround rear 2.1 application, only 2 PWM and output stages are used.
4.3 SWA51 Module Connections and Interfaces
Signal Type Description
+3.3V Supply
Reset
I2S In Port
I2S Out Port
I2C Slave Port
I2C Master Port
The SWA51 hardware
is configured to accept a +3.3V supply
Active low reset input. This pin is driven from an open collector/drain device such that
it can be pulled to ground for the active reset state but, when released, must go to a
high impedance state. This pin should not be actively driven high, as the AV5100
internal reset circuit will not operate correctly.
The I2S input port can be configured as a master or slave. Consequently BCLK and
LRCK can be either inputs or outputs. In addition, MCLK can be sourced by the
module on pin 16. Since the AV5100 IC contains a sample rate converter, MCLK is
not required to be supplied to the module when it is an I2S slave. CMOS 3.3V logic
levels are used for all I2S signals.
The I2S output port can be configured as a master or slave. Consequently BCLK and
LRCK can be either inputs or outputs. In addition, MCLK can be sourced by the
module on pin 16. Since the AV5100 IC contains a sample rate converter, MCLK is
not required to be supplied to the module when it is an I2S slave. CMOS 3.3V logic
levels are used for all I2S signals.
The I2C slave port can be used for external host communication and for module
testing. It is assumed that external pull up resistors are connected at the I2C master
communicating with the module.
The I2C master port is used to communicate with external audio devices such as a
sub-woofer amplifier. It is assumed that external pull up resistors are included on the
application board.
GPIOs
3.3V CMOS logic level GPIOs available to connect to other devices, or to use as UI
supporting GPIOs for LED and button support. All supported GPIOs can be
configured as outputs or inputs with configurable pull-ups/pull-downs.
1
The SSC (Single Side Carrier) modulation scheme used in the SWA51 supports three one-directional full-band
channels (96dB, 20 KHz).
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