Rainbow Electronics MAX660 User Manual
MAX660
CMOS Monolithic Voltage Converter
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
19-3293; Rev. 2; 9/96
_______________General Description
The MAX660 monolithic, charge-pump voltage inverter
converts a +1.5V to +5.5V input to a corresponding
-1.5V to -5.5V output. Using only two low-cost
capacitors, the charge pump’s 100mA output replaces
switching regulators, eliminating inductors and their
associated cost, size, and EMI. Greater than 90%
efficiency over most of its load-current range combined
with a typical operating current of only 120µA provides
ideal performance for both battery-powered and boardlevel voltage conversion applications. The MAX660 can
also double the output voltage of an input power supply
or battery, providing +9.35V at 100mA from a +5V
input.
A frequency control (FC) pin selects either 10kHz typ or
80kHz typ (40kHz min) operation to optimize capacitor
size and quiescent current. The oscillator frequency
can also be adjusted with an external capacitor or
driven with an external clock. The MAX660 is a pincompatible, high-current upgrade of the ICL7660.
The MAX660 is available in both 8-pin DIP and smalloutline packages in commercial, extended, and military
temperature ranges.
For 50mA applications, consider the MAX860/MAX861
pin-compatible devices (also available in ultra-small
µMAX packages).
________________________Applications
Laptop Computers
Medical Instruments
Interface Power Supplies
Hand-Held Instruments
Operational-Amplifier Power Supplies
___________________________ Features
♦ Small Capacitors
♦ 0.65V Typ Loss at 100mA Load
♦ Low 120µA Operating Current
♦ 6.5Ω Typ Output Impedance
♦ Guaranteed R
OUT
< 15Ω for C1 = C2 = 10µF
♦ Pin-Compatible High-Current ICL7660 Upgrade
♦ Inverts or Doubles Input Supply Voltage
♦ Selectable Oscillator Frequency: 10kHz/80kHz
♦ 88% Typ Conversion Efficiency at 100mA
(ILto GND)
1
2
3
2
1
3
4
7
8
5
6
8
7
6
5
MAX660
MAX660
FC
CAP+
GND
CAP-
V+
OSC
LV
OUT
FC
CAP+
GND
CAP-
V+
OSC
LV
OUT
C2
1µF to 150µF
VOLTAGE INVERTER
POSITIVE VOLTAGE DOUBLER
+V
IN
1.5V TO 5.5V
INVERTED
NEGATIVE
VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
C1
1µF to 150µF
DOUBLED
POSITIVE
VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
C2
1µF to 150µF
C1
1µF to 150µF
+V
IN
2.5V TO 5.5V
4
_________Typical Operating Circuits
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
V+
OSC
LV
OUT
CAP-
GND
CAP+
FC
MAX660
DIP/SO
TOP VIEW
__________________Pin Configuration
______________Ordering Information
PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX660CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX660CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO
MAX660C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice*
MAX660EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX660ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO
*Contact factory for dice specifications.
MAX660MJA -55°C to +125°C 8 CERDIP
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800
CONDITIONS
MAX660
CMOS Monolithic Voltage Converter
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Supply Voltage (V+ to GND, or GND to OUT) .......................+6V
LV Input Voltage ...............................(OUT - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V)
FC and OSC Input Voltages........................The least negative of
(OUT - 0.3V) or (V+ - 6V) to (V+ + 0.3V)
OUT and V+ Continuous Output Current..........................120mA
Output Short-Circuit Duration to GND (Note 1) ....................1sec
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above + 70°C) ............727mW
SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)..........................471mW
CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C)..................640mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX660C_ _ ........................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX660E_ _ .....................................................-40°C to +85°C
MAX660MJA ...................................................-55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range............................... -65°to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) ........................... +300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V+ = 5V, C1 = C2 = 150µF, test circuit of Figure 1, FC = open, TA = T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Note 2: In the test circuit, capacitors C1 and C2 are 150µF, 0.2Ω maximum ESR, aluminum electrolytics.
Capacitors with higher ESR may reduce output voltage and efficiency. See Capacitor Selection section.
Note 3: Specified output resistance is a combination of internal switch resistance and capacitor ESR. See Capacitor Selection section.
Note 4: The ESR of C1 = C2 ≤ 0.5Ω. Guaranteed by correlation, not production tested.
Note 1: OUT may be shorted to GND for 1sec without damage, but shorting OUT to V+ may damage the device and should be
avoided. Also, for temperatures above +85°C, OUT must not be shorted to GND or V+, even instantaneously, or device
damage may result.
Doubler, LV = OUT
Inverter, LV = GND
Inverter, LV = open
IL= 100mA to GND
RL= 500Ω connected between OUT and GND
FC = open
TA≤ +85°C
RL= 1kΩ connected between V+ and OUT
FC = V+
TA≤ +85°C, C1 = C2 = 150µF
TA≤ +85°C, C1 = C2 = 10µF, FC = V+ (Note 4)
FC = open, LV = open
FC = V+, LV = open
TA≤ +85°C, OUT more negative than -4V
FC = open
TA> +85°C, OUT more negative than -3.8V
FC = V+
%99.00 99.96No load
Voltage-Conversion
Efficiency
%
88
Power Efficiency
92 96
96 98
±8
OSC Input Current µA
±1
kHz
40 80
Oscillator Frequency
2.5 5.5
1.5 5.5
V
3.0 5.5
RL= 1kΩ
Operating Supply Voltage
510
12
6.5 10.0
Ω
15
IL= 100mAOutput Resistance (Note 3)
mA
0.12 0.5
No loadSupply Current
13
100
mA
100
Output Current
UNITSMIN TYP MAXPARAMETER
MAX660
CMOS Monolithic Voltage Converter
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
DROP
FROM
SUPPLY
(V)
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
-4.0
0.1 10 100
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
-3.5
-5.0
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1
-4.5
-3.0
I
LOAD
= 1mA
I
LOAD
= 80mA
MAX660-5
I
LOAD
= 10mA
Figure 1. MAX660 Test Circuit
All curves are generated using the test circuit of Figure 1
with V+ =5V, LV = GND, FC = open, and TA= +25°C,
unless otherwise noted. The charge-pump frequency is
one-half the oscillator frequency. Test results are also
valid for doubler mode with GND = +5V, LV = OUT, and
OUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted; however, the input
voltage is restricted to +2.5V to +5.5V.
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
400
350
300
250
200
150
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
100
50
0
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
1.5 2.5 4.5 5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
LV = OPEN
3.5
LV = OUT
LV = GND
10
MAX660-1
1
0.1
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
0.01
0.1 10 100
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
1
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
V+
C1
1
FC
2
CAP+
3
MAX660
GND
4
CAP-
V+
OSC
LV
OUT
-3.0
MAX660-4
-3.4
-3.8
-4.2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
-4.6
-5.0
0 20 60 100
8
7
6
5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT, V+ = 5V
I
S
I
L
C2
ICL7660
EFF.
V
OUT
ICL7660
40 80
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
V+
(+5V )
R
L
MAX660
MAX660
V
OUT
100
MAX660-6A
92
84
76
EFFICIENCY (%)
68
60
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
100
92
84
76
EFFICIENCY (%)
68
60
0 20 60 100
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP
vs. LOAD CURRENT
1.2
V+ = 3.5V
V+ = 1.5V
V+ = 2.5V
40 80
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
V+ = 5.5V
V+ = 4.5V
MAX660-2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 100
20 40 80
10 30 50 70 90
V+ = 1.5V
V+ = 5.5V
60
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
MAX660-3
V+ = 2.5V
V+ = 3.5V
V+ = 4.5V
MAX660
CMOS Monolithic Voltage Converter
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
0
(°C)
MAX660
11
_____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
30
0
-60 140
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE
vs. TEMPERATURE
5
25
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE (Ω)
0
15
10
-40 -20 20
20
40 60 80 100 120
C1, C2 = 150
µF OS-CON CAPACITORS
R
L
= 100Ω
V+ = 5.0V
V+ = 1.5V
V+ = 3.0V
MAX660-12
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
LV = GND
LV = GND
FC = V+, OSC = OPEN
FC = V+, OSC = OPEN
1.0
1.5 2.0 4.0
1.0
2.5 3.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
1.5 2.0 4.0
2.5 3.0 4.5 5.0 5.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. TEMPERATURE
FC = V+, OSC = OPEN, RL = 100
LV = OPEN
LV = OPEN
3.5
3.5
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
12
MAX660-7
10
8
6
4
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
2
0
1.5 5.5
LV = GND
LV = OPEN
FC = OPEN, OSC = OPEN
2.5 3.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. TEMPERATURE
12
MAX660-10
10
Ω
8
6
4
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
2
FC = OPEN, OSC = OPEN
= 100Ω
R
L
100
96
92
88
84
80
76
EFFICIENCY (%)
72
68
64
60
vs. OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
I
I
= 10mA
LOAD
0.1 10 100
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. EXTERNAL CAPACITANCE
100
10
1
0.1
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
EFFICIENCY
= 1mA
LOAD
I
LOAD
1
FC = V+
FC = OPEN
= 80mA
100
100
MAX660-6
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
20
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
0
0
100
MAX660-9
80
60
40
20
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz)
MAX660-8
4.5
MAX660-10A
0.01
1 100
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
14
12
10
8
6
4
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE (Ω)
2
0
1.5 2.5 4.5
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.55.0
10 1000
CAPACITANCE (pF)
3.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
1000
MAX660-13
0
-60 140
-40 -20 100
0
20 40 60 80 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE
vs. TEMPERATURE
30
25
20
15
10
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE (Ω)
5
0
C1, C2 = 150
ELECTROLYTIC
R
-60 140
-40 -20 20
= 100Ω
L
0
TEMPERATURE
µF ALUMINUM
CAPACITORS
V+ = 1.5V
40 60 80 100 120
V+ = 3.0V
V+ = 5.0V
0
-60 140
-
0 20 100
-40 -20 40 60 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
80
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