Rainbow Electronics MAX5961 User Manual

General Description

The MAX5961 0 to 16V, quad, hot-swap controller pro­vides complete protection for systems with up to four
distinct supply voltages. The device allows the safe
insertion and removal of circuit cards into live back­planes. The MAX5961 is an advanced hot-swap con­troller that monitors voltage and current with an internal
10-bit ADC. The device provides two levels of overcur­rent circuit-breaker protection; a fast-trip threshold for a
fast turn-off, and a lower slow-trip threshold for a
delayed turn-off. The maximum overcurrent circuit­breaker threshold range is set independently for each
channel with a trilevel input (ILIM_) or by programming
though an I2C interface.

The internal 10-bit ADC is multiplexed to monitor the
output voltage and current of each hot-swap channel.
The total time to cycle through all the eight measure­ments is 100µs (typ). Each 10-bit value is stored in an
internal circular buffer so that 50 past samples of each
signal can be read back through the I2C interface at
any time or after a fault condition.

The MAX5961 can be configured as four independent
hot-swap controllers, hot-swap controllers operating in
pairs, or as a group of four hot-swap controllers.

The device also includes five digital comparators per
hot-swap channel to implement overcurrent warning,
two levels of overvoltage detection, and two levels of
undervoltage detection. The limits for overcurrent, over­voltage, and undervoltage are user-programmable.
When any of the measured values violates the program­mable limits, an external ALERT signal is asserted. In
addition to the ALERT signal, depending on the select­ed operating mode, the MAX5961 can deassert a
power-good signal and/or turn-off the external MOSFET.

The MAX5961 is available in a 48-pin thin QFN pack­age and operates over the -40°C to +85°C extended
temperature range.

Applications

PCI Express®Hot Plug

Servers

Disk Drives

Storage Systems

ASICs

Features

o Four Independent Hot-Swap Controllers Protect

from 0 to 16V (Provided IN ≥ 2.7V)

o 10-Bit ADC Monitors Voltage and Current of Each

Channel

o Circular Buffer Stores 5ms of Current and Voltage

Measurements

o Four Independent Internal Charge Pumps

Generate n-Channel MOSFET Gate Drives

o Internal 500mA Gate Pulldown Current for Fast

Shutdown

o VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ Circuit-Breaker Protection
o Alert Output Indicates Undervoltage Warning,

Undervoltage Critical, Overvoltage Warning,
Overvoltage Critical, and Overcurrent Warning for
Each Channel

o Independent Power-Good Outputs
o Autoretry or Latched Fault Management
o 400kHz I

2

C Interface

o 7mm x 7mm 48-Pin TQFN Package

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

1

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

19-4167; Rev 0; 6/08

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

EVALUATION KIT

AVAILABLE

PART

PIN-PACKAGE

MAX5961ETM+

48 Thi n QFN–E P *

PCI Express is a registered trademark of PCI-SIG Corp.
VariableSpeed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated

Products, Inc.

+Denotes a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP = Exposed pad.

TEMP RANGE

-40°C to +85°C

TOP VIEW

ILIM4

ILIM3

ILIM2

ILIM1

IN

AGND

REG

A1

A0

PROT

MODE

HWEN

MON2

GATE2

SENSE2

35

34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

+

47

48

2

345678910

1

MON1

GATE1

SENSE1

GATE4

GND4

GND2

MAX5961

GND3

GND1

GATE3

THIN QFN

7mm x 7mm

MON4

MON3

SENSE4

SENSE3

I.C.

POL

RETRY

26

11

DREG

ON2

ON1

ON4

25

DGND

24

PG4

23

22

PG3

21

PG2

PG1

20

ALERT

19

18

SCL

17

SDA

16

FAULT4

FAULT3

15

FAULT2

14

13

FAULT1

12

ON3

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= 2.7V to 16V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN= 3.3V and TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN, SENSE_, MON_, GATE_ to AGND ....................-0.3V to +30V

PG_, ON_, FAULT_, SDA, SCL, ALERT,

REG, DREG, POL, RETRY, HWEN .........................-0.3V to +6V

DREG to REG ........................................................-0.3V to +0.3V

ILIM_, MODE, PROT, A0, A1 ....................-0.3V to (V

REG

+ 0.3V)

GATE_ to MON_ (same channel) .............................-0.3V to +6V

SENSE_ to MON_ (same channel) ...........................-0.3V to +6V

GND1, GND2, GND3, GND4, DGND to AGND.....-0.3V to +0.3V

SDA, ALERT Current ...........................................-20mA to 50mA

GATE_, MON_, GND_ Current ..........................................500mA

Input/Output Current (all other pins) ...................................20mA

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

For Single-Layer Board

48-Pin Thin QFN (derate 27.8mW/°C above +70°C)...2222.2mW

For Multilayer Board

48-Pin Thin QFN (derate 40mW/°C above +70°C) ......3200mW

Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Operating Voltage Range V

Hot-Swap Voltage Range V

Undervoltage Lockout V

Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis V

Supply Current I

Internal LDO Output Voltage V

ADC PERFORMANCE

Resolution 10 Bits

Maximum Differential Nonlinearity DNL 1 LSB

Maximum Integral Nonlinearity INL 1 LSB

ADC Total Monitoring Cycle Time

MON_ LSB Voltage

MON_ Code 000H to 001H
Transition Voltage

CURRENT MONITORING FUNCTION

MON_, SENSE_ Input Range 0 16 V

SENSE_ Input Current V

MON_ Input Current V

Current Measurement Offset LSB
Voltage

IN

S

UVLO

UVLO,HYSTVIN

CC

REG

VIN rising 2.7 V

f

SCL

2.7V < VIN < 16V 2.49 2.9 V

Four voltage and four current–sense
conversions

16V range 15.25 15.43 15.60

8V range 7.655 7.735 7.805

4V range 3.835 3.870 3.905

2V range 1.915 1.935 1.955

16V range 13 28 41

8V range 7 16 22

4V range 5 9 13

2V range 2 5 9

25mV range

50mV range 48.39

100mV range 96.77

falling 100 mV

= 400kHz, all 4 channels enabled 4 8 mA

, V

SENSE_

, V

SENSE_

= 16V 32 75 µA

MON_

= 16V 180 280 µA

MON_

2.7 16 V

016V

95 100 112 µs

24.34

mV

mV

mV

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 2.7V to 16V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN= 3.3V and TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Current Measurement Error,
25mV Range

Current Measurement Error,
50mV Range (Note 2)

Current Measurement Error,
100mV Range (Note 2)

Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 25mV Range

Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 50mV Range

Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 100mV Range

Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 25mV Range

Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 50mV Range

Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error, 100mV Range

Fast Circuit-Breaker
Response Time

t

FCD

V

= 0mV

MON_

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV

MON_

= 2.5V to

V

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV

MON_

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV

MON_

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV

MON_

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV

MON_

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V

V

= 0mV,

MON_

fast/slow 200%

= 2.5V to 16V ,

V

M ON_

fast/slow 200%

V

= 0mV,

MON_

fast/slow 200%

= 2.5V to

V

MON_

16V, fast/slow 200%

V

= 0mV,

MON_

fast/slow 200%

V

= 2.5V to

MON_

16V, fast/slow 200%

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

V

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -2.3 +1.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -3 +1.9

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -2.5 +1.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -3 +1.8

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -3.4 +2

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -5.3 +2.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -3.2 +1.5

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -4.5 +1.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -6.3 +2.7

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -10.7 +4.7

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -4.9 +1.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -7.9 +1.5

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -1.2 +2.3

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -1.2 +2.7

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -1.4 +2.4

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -1.2 +2.9

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -1.2 +3

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -1.4 +3.9

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -1.2 +3.1

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -1.1 +3.8

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -1.5 +4.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -2.1 +6.6

Circuit-breaker DAC = 102 -0.7 +4.5

Circuit-breaker DAC = 255 -0.9 +6

Overdrive = 10% of current-sense range 2 µs

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

SENSE_

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

- V

= 5mV -6.8 +6.8

MON_

= 20mV -7.6 +8

MON_

= 5mV -8 +7.2

MON_

= 20mV -7.6 +7.6

MON

= 10mV -3.8 +4

MON_

= 40mV -5.5 +5.4

MON_

= 10mV -4.2 +3.9

MON_

= 40mV -4 +4.3

MON_

= 20mV -2.9 +2.6

MON_

= 80mV -5.1 +4.7

MON_

= 20mV -2.3 +2

MON_

= 80mV -2.7 +2.4

MON_

% Full

Scale

% Full

Scale

% Full

Scale

mV

mV

mV

mV

mV

mV

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 2.7V to 16V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN= 3.3V and TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Slow Current-Limit Response
Time

THREE-STATE INPUTS

A0, A1, ILIM_, MODE, PROT Low
Current

A0, A1, ILIM_, MODE, PROT High
Current

A0, A1, ILIM_, MODE, PROT
Unconnected Current

A0, A1, ILIM_, MODE, PROT Low
Voltage

A0, A1, ILIM_, MODE, PROT High
Voltage

TWO-STATE INPUTS

RETRY, HWEN, POL Input Logic
Low Voltage

RETRY, HWEN, POL Input Logic
High Voltage

RETRY, HWEN, POL Input
Current

ON_ Input Threshold Rising 0.586 0.596 0.606 V

ON_ Input Hysteresis Falling 4 %

ON_ Input Current -100 +100 nA

TIMING

MON_ to PG_ Delay

CHARGE PUMPS (GATE_)

Charge-Pump Output Voltage Relative to V

Charge-Pump Output Source
Current

GATE_ Discharge Current I

OUTPUTS (FAULT_, PG_, ALERT)

Output Voltage Low I

Output Leakage (Open-Drain) 1µA

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Overdrive = 4% of current-sense range 2.4

t

SCD

I

IN,LOW

I

IN,HIGH

I

FLOAT

I

G(UP)

G(DN)VGATE_

Overdrive = 8% of current-sense range 1.2

Overdrive = 16% of current-sense range 0.6

Input voltage = 0.4V -40 µA

Input voltage = V

Maximum source/sink current for
unconnected state

Relative to GND_ 0.4 V

Relative to V

Register configurable (see Tables 31a and
31b)

SINK

REG

MON_

- V

MON_

= 3.2mA 0.2 V

- 0.2V 40 µA

REG

-4 +4 µA

-0.24 V

0.4 V

V

-

REG

0.4

-1 +1 µA

50

100

200

400

4.5 5.3 5.5 V

456µA

= 2V 500 mA

ms

V

ms

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 2.7V to 16V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN= 3.3V and TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Note 1: All devices 100% production tested at TA= +25°C and TA= +85°C. Limits over the temperature range are guaranteed by

design.

Note 2: Guaranteed by design characterization, not production tested.

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. IN VOLTAGE

MAX5961 toc01

VIN (V)

I

IN

(mA)

14128 1064

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.2

4.0
216

I

IN

(NORMAL OPERATION)

I

IN

(STANDBY)

STANDBY OPERATION
ALL CHANNELS OFF

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX5961 toc02

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

IN

(mA)

603510-15

2.4

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

4.8

5.2

5.6

6.0

2.0

-40 85

STANDBY OPERATION
ALL CHANNELS OFF

I

IN

(NORMAL OPERATION)

I

IN

(STANDBY)

GATE_ DRIVE VOLTAGE

vs. MON_ VOLTAGE

MAX5961 toc03

V

MON_

(V)

(V

GATE_

- V

MON_

) (V)

14128 104 62

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.0

5.2

5.4

5.6

5.8

6.0

4.0
016

GATE_ DRIVE VOLTAGE
REFERRED TO MON_
INPUT VOLTAGE

Typical Operating Characteristics

(VS_= 12V, VIN= 3.3V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See the

Typical Application Circuit

.)

I2C INTERFACE

Serial-Clock Frequency f

Bus Free Time Between STOP
and START Condition

START Condition Setup Time t

START Condition Hold Time t

STOP Condition Setup Time t

Clock Low Period t

Clock High Period t

Data Setup Time t

Data Hold Time t

Receive SCL/SDA Rise Time t

Receive SCL/SDA Fall Time t

Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed t

SDA, SCL Input High Voltage V

SDA, SCL Input Low Voltage V

SDA, SCL Input Hysteresis V

SDA, SCL Input Current ±1 µA

SDA, SCL Input Capacitance 15 pF

SDA Output Low Voltage V

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

SCL

t

BUF

SU:STA

HD:STA

SU:STO

LOW

HIGH

SU:DAT

HD:DAT

R

FP

SP

IH

IL

HYST

OL

1.3 µs

0.6 µs

0.6 µs

0.6 µs

1.3 µs

0.6 µs

100 ns

0.3 0.9 ns

50 ns

1.6 V

0.22 V

0.4 V

400 kHz

1µs

300 ns

0.8 V

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VS_= 12V, VIN= 3.3V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See the

Typical Application Circuit

.)

START OF WAVEFORM

MAX5961 toc10

10ms/div

V

ON_

V

GATE_

,

V

MON_

V

PG_

I

LOAD_

V

GATE_

V

MON_

TURN-OFF WAVEFORM

(SLOW-COMPARATOR FAULT)

MAX5961 toc11

200μs/div

I

LOAD_

V

GATE_

,

V

MON_

V

FAULT_

DEFAULT RESISTOR
SETTINGS
25mV SENSE RANGE

GATE_ DRIVE VOLTAGE

vs. IN VOLTAGE

6.0

5.8

5.6

) (V)

MON_

- V

GATE_

(V

5.4

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.6

4.4

4.2

4.0

V

V

MON_

SLOW-COMPARATOR TURN-OFF TIME

vs. SENSE VOLTAGE OVERDRIVE

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

TURN-OFF TIME (ms)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

0

[(V

SENSE_

= 3.3V

MON_

= 12V

GATE_ DRIVE VOLTAGE
REFERRED TO MON_
INPUT VOLTAGE

VIN (V)

25mV SENSE RANGE;

DAC = 191, V

- V

) - V

MON_

TH,ST

GATE_ DRIVE CURRENT

10

9

MAX5961 toc04

14128 1064216

8

7

6

(μA)

5

GATE_

I

4

3

2

1

0

05.0

SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD

VOLTAGE ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE

14

TH,ST

= 9.36mV

986 72 3 4 51

] (V)

12
10

MAX5961 toc07

8
6
4
2
0

-2

-4

-6

-8

-10

-12

SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD VOLTAGE ERROR (%)

50mV SENSE RANGE

-40 85

vs. (V

25mV SENSE RANGE

- V

GATE_

(V

- V

GATE_

MON_

100mV SENSE RANGE

TEMPERATURE (°C)

MON_

) (V)

GATE_ DISCHARGE CURRENT

- V

MON_

MON_

) (V)

)

MAX5961 toc06

4.54.03.0 3.51.0 1.5 2.0 2.50.5

)

650
600
550

MAX5961 toc05

500
450
400

(mA)

350
300

GATE_

I

250
200
150
100

50

0

4.54.03.0 3.51.0 1.5 2.0 2.50.5

0 5.0

vs. (V

(V

GATE_

GATE_

- V

ON_ INPUT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE

vs. TEMPERATURE

0.615

0.610

MAX5961 toc08

0.605

0.600

0.595

0.590

0.585

ON_ INPUT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)

0.580

0.575

603510-15

-40 85
TEMPERATURE (°C)

6035-15 10

MAX5961 toc09

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

_______________________________________________________________________________________

7

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VS_= 12V, VIN= 3.3V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See the

Typical Application Circuit

.)

TURN-OFF WAVEFORM (FAST COMPARATOR

FAULT/SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE)

DEFAULT RESISTOR
SETTINGS
25mV SENSE RANGE

100μs/div

VOLTAGE BUFFER vs. TIME

16

CIRCULAR BUFFER CONTENT AT SLOW-TRIP
FAULT

12

8

VOLTAGE BUFFER (V)

4

MAX5961 toc12

I

LOAD_

V

GATE_

V

MON_

V

FAULT_

MAX5961 toc13b

4.0

CURRENT BUFFER vs. TIME

CIRCULAR BUFFER CONTENT AT SLOW-TRIP
FAULT

3.5

3.0

2.5

,

2.0

1.5

CURRENT BUFFER (A)

1.0

0.5

0

-2.5 2.5
TIME (ms)

SLOW-COMPARATOR FAULT EVENT

2.01.5-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 0 0.5-0.5 1.0

MAX5961 toc14

MAX5961 toc13a

I

LOAD_

V

GATE_

V

MON_

V

FAULT_

,

0

-2.5 2.5
TIME (ms)

2.01.51.00.50-0.5-1.0-1.5-2.0

VOLTAGE ADC ACCURACY

vs. MON_ VOLTAGE

1.0

4V MON_ RANGE

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

VOLTAGE ADC ACCURACY (% FS)

-0.8

-1.0

04.0
V

(V)

MON_

MAX5961 toc15

3.53.02.0 2.51.0 1.50.5

200μs/div

CURRENT ADC ACCURACY

- V

vs. (V

(V

SENSE_

SENSE_

- V

MON_

5

4

3

2

1

0

-1

-2

-3

CURRENT ADC ACCURACY (% FS)

-4

-5
025

MON_

) (mV)

)

MAX5961 toc16

2015105

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VS_= 12V, VIN= 3.3V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See the

Typical Application Circuit

.)

CURRENT BUFFER vs. TIME

MAX5961 toc17a

TIME (ms)

CURRENT BUFFER (A)

2.01.51.00.50-0.5-1.0-1.5-2.0

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

-3

-2.5 2.5

CURRENT DATA
AT SHORT CIRCUIT
ON POWER-UP

VOLTAGE BUFFER vs. TIME

MAX5961 toc17b

TIME (ms)

VOLTAGE BUFFER (V)

2.01.50.5 1.0-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0-2.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0

-2.5 2.5

VOLTAGE DATA AT SHORT CIRCUIT ON
POWER-UP

STARTUP INTO SHORT LOAD

MAX5961 toc18

4ms/div

V

ON_

V

GATE_

,

V

MON_

V

FAULT_

I

LOAD_

INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT

vs. MON_ VOLTAGE

MAX5961 toc19

V

MON_

(V)

INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (μA)

1412108642

50

100

150

200

250

0

016

I

MON_

I

SEN

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9

Pin Description

PIN NAME FUNCTION

1 SENSE1

2 MON1 Channel 1 Voltage Monitoring Input

3 GATE1 Channel 1 Gate-Drive Output. Connect to gate of an external n-channel MOSFET.

4 GND1

5 GND3

6 GATE3 Channel 3 Gate-Drive Output. Connect to the gate of an external n-channel MOSFET.

7 MON3 Channel 3 Voltage Monitoring Input

8 SENSE3

9 POL

10 DREG

11 ON1 Channel 1 Precision Turn-On Input

12 ON3 Channel 3 Precision Turn-On Input

13 FAULT1

14 FAULT2

15 FAULT3

16 FAULT4

17 SDA I2C Serial-Data Input/Output

18 SCL I2C Serial-Clock Input
19 ALERT Open-Drain Alert Output. ALERT goes low during a fault to notify the system of an impending failure.

20 PG1 Channel 1 Open-Drain Power-Good Output

21 PG2 Channel 2 Open-Drain Power-Good Output

22 PG3 Channel 3 Open-Drain Power-Good Output

23 PG4 Channel 4 Open-Drain Power-Good Output

24 DGND Digital Ground. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally using a star connection.

25 ON4 Channel 4 Precision Turn-On Input

26 ON2 Channel 2 Precision Turn-On Input

27 RETRY

28 I.C. Internally Connected. Connect to AGND only.

Channel 1 Current-Sense Input. Connect SENSE1 to the source of an external MOSFET and to one end of
R

Channel 1 Gate Discharge Current Ground Return. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally
using a star connection.

Channel 3 Gate Discharge Current Ground Return. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally
using a star connection.

Channel 3 Current-Sense Input. Connect SENSE3 to the source of an external MOSFET and to one end of
R

Polarity Select Input. Connect to DREG for active-high power-good outputs (PG_). Connect to GND_ for
active-low power-good outputs.

Logic Power-Supply Input. Connect to REG externally through a 10Ω resistor and to DGND with a 1µF
ceramic capacitor.

Channel 1 Active-Low Open-Drain Fault Output. FAULT1 goes low if an overcurrent shutdown occurs on
channel 1.

Channel 2 Active-Low Open-Drain Fault Output. FAULT2 goes low if an overcurrent shutdown occurs on
channel 2.

Channel 3 Active-Low Open-Drain Fault Output. FAULT3 goes low if an overcurrent shutdown occurs on
channel 3.

Channel 4 Active-Low Open-Drain Fault Output. FAULT4 goes low if an overcurrent shutdown occurs on
channel 4.

Autoretry Fault Management Input. Connect to DREG to enable autoretry operation. Connect to DGND to
enable latched-off operation.

(see the Typical Application Circuit).

SENSE1

(see the Typical Application Circuit).

SENSE3

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

10 ______________________________________________________________________________________

Pin Description (continued)

PIN NAME FUNCTION

29 SENSE4

30 MON4 Channel 4 Voltage Monitoring Input

31 GATE4 Channel 4 Gate-Drive Output. Connect to gate of an external n-channel MOSFET.

32 GND4

33 GND2

34 GATE2 Channel 2 Gate-Drive Output. Connect to gate of an external n-channel MOSFET.

35 MON2 Channel 2 Voltage Monitoring Input

36 SENSE2

37 ILIM4

38 ILIM3

39 ILIM2

40 ILIM1

41 IN Power-Supply Input. Connect to a voltage from 2.7V to 16V. Bypass to AGND with a 1µF capacitor.

42 AGND Analog Ground. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally using a star connection.

43 REG

44 A1 Three-State I2C Address Input 1

45 A0 Three-State I2C Address Input 0

46 PROT

47 MODE

48 HWEN

— EP Exposed Pad. EP is internally grounded. Connect externally to AGND.

Channel 4 Current-Sense Input. Connect SENSE4 to the source of an external MOSFET and to one end of
R

Channel 4 Gate Discharge Current Ground Return. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally
using a star connection.

Channel 2 Gate Discharge Current Ground Return. Connect all GND_ and DGND to AGND externally
using a star connection.

Channel 2 Current-Sense Input. Connect SENSE2 to the source of an external MOSFET and to one end of
R

Channel 4 Three-State Current-Sense Range Selection Input. Set the circuit-breaker threshold range by
connecting to DGND, DREG, or leave unconnected (see Table 7b).

Channel 3 Three-State Current-Sense Range Selection Input. Set the circuit-breaker threshold range by
connecting to DGND, DREG, or leave unconnected (see Table 7b).

Channel 2 Three-State Current-Sense Range Selection Input. Set the circuit-breaker threshold range by
connecting to DGND, DREG, or leave unconnected (see Table 7b).

Channel 1 Three-State Current-Sense Range Selection Input. Set the circuit-breaker threshold range by
connecting to DGND, DREG, or leave unconnected (see Table 7b).

Internal Regulator Output. Bypass to ground with a 1µF capacitor. Connect only to DREG and logic-input
pullup resistors. Do not use to power external circuitry.

Protection Behavior Input. Three-state input sets one of three different response options for undervoltage
and overvoltage events (see Table 29).

Hot-Swap Three-State Mode Select Input. Connect MODE to DGND, DREG, or leave it unconnected to
operate the hot-swap channels independently, in pairs, or as a group of four, respectively (see Table 2).

Hardware Enable Input. Connect to DREG or DGND. State is read upon power-up as V
UVLO threshold and sets Chx_EN2 bits with this value. After UVLO, this input becomes inactive until
power is cycled.

(see the Typical Application Circuit).

SENSE4

(see the Typical Application Circuit).

SENSE2

crosses the

IN

MAX5961

Functional Diagram

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

______________________________________________________________________________________ 11

SENSE_

MON_

GATE_

ILIM_

REG

DREG

MAX5961

FROM

CONFIGURATION

REGISTERS

RATIO

CIRCUIT­BREAKER

DAC

4

4

500mA

4

4

IN

CHARGE

PUMP

UVLO

LDO

VOLTAGE SCALER AND

MULTIPLEXER

REF/BIAS

SLOW

FAST

10-BIT ADC

DEVICE

CONTROL

LOGIC

REGISTER

BANK

I2C

CIRCULAR

BUFFER

4

FAULT_

4

PG_

4

ON_

HWEN

RETRY

MODE
POL
PROT

ALERT

SDA

SCL

A0

A1

AGND DGND GND1, GND2, GND3, GND4

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller
with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

12 ______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Circuit

V

VS3*

VS1*

2.7V to 16V

DD

V

DD

I/O

INT

μC

V

DD

I/O

SDA

SCL

44

SCL

SDA

PG_

ALERT

ON2

ON1

ID

SETTING

IN

A0

A1

FAULT_

VS2*

VS4*

TO LOAD

R

SENSE3

TO LOAD

R

SENSE1

ON4

**

R

SENSE2

TO LOAD

**

GATE1

SENSE1

MON1

ON3

GATE2

SENSE2

MON2

MAX5961

**

**

GATE3

SENSE3

MON3

GND1

GND3

ILIM1

ILIM2

ILIM3

ILIM4

REG

1μF

DREG

1μF

DGND

AGND

HWEN

MODE

POL

CONFIGURATION

SETTING

PROT

RETRY

GATE4

SENSE4

MON4

GND2

GND4

R

SENSE4

TO LOAD

*HOT-SWAPPABLE SUPPLY RANGE, VS_ = 0 TO 16V.
**OPTIONAL COMPONENTS.

MAX5961

0 to 16V, Quad, Hot-Swap Controller

with 10-Bit Current and Voltage Monitor

______________________________________________________________________________________ 13

Typical Application Circuit

VS3*

R

SENSE1

5MΩ

VS1*

1μF

1kΩ

4700pF

2.7V TO 16V

SETTING

IN

ON1

GATE1

SENSE1

MON1

V

DD

V

DD

100kΩ

100kΩ

ID

A0

100kΩ

A1

MAX5961

I/O

INT

4

ALERT

FAULT_

μC

I/O

4

PG_

SDA

SDA

SCL

SCL

3.9kΩ

3.9kΩ

V

DD

ON2

GATE2

SENSE2

MON2

1kΩ

4700pF

VS2* VS4*

R

SENSE2

5MΩ

TO LOAD

1kΩ

4700pF

R

SENSE3

5MΩ

TO LOAD

*HOT-SWAPPABLE SUPPLY RANGE, VS_ = 0 TO 16V

ON3

GATE3

SENSE3

MON3
GND1
GND3

ILIM1

ILIM2

ILIM3

1μF

ILIM4

REG

10Ω

DREG

1μF

AGND

DGND

CONFIGURATION

HWEN

SETTING

POL

MODE

ON4

GATE4

SENSE4

MON4

GND2
GND4

PROT

RETRY

1kΩ

4700pF

TO LOAD

TO LOAD

R

SENSE4

5MΩ