Rainbow Electronics MAX5499 User Manual
General Description
The MAX5494–MAX5499 10-bit (1024-tap), dual, nonvolatile, linear-taper, programmable voltage-dividers
and variable resistors perform the function of a
mechanical potentiometer, but replace the mechanics
with a 3-wire SPI™-compatible serial interface. The
MAX5494/MAX5495 are dual, 3-terminal, programmable voltage-dividers; the MAX5496/MAX5497 are dual,
2-terminal variable resistors; and the MAX5498/
MAX5499 include one 2-terminal variable resistor and
one 3-terminal programmable voltage-divider.
The MAX5494–MAX5499 feature an internal, nonvolatile,
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
(EEPROM) that stores the wiper position for initialization
during power-up. The 3-wire SPI-compatible serial interface allows communication at data rates up to 7MHz.
The MAX5494–MAX5499 are ideal for applications requiring digitally controlled potentiometers. End-to-end resistance values of 10kΩ and 50kΩ are available with a
35ppm/°C end-to-end temperature coefficient. The ratiometric temperature coefficient is 5ppm/°C for each channel, making these devices ideal for applications requiring
low-temperature-coefficient programmable voltagedividers such as low-drift, programmable-gain amplifiers.
The MAX5494–MAX5499 operate with either a single
power supply (+2.7V to +5.25V) or dual power supplies
(±2.5V). The devices consume 400µA (max) of supply
current when writing data to the nonvolatile memory
and 1.5µA (max) of standby supply current. The
devices are available in space-saving (5mm x 5mm x
0.8mm), 16-pin TQFN package and are specified over
the extended (-40°C to +85°C) temperature range.
Applications
Gain and Offset Adjustment
LCD Contrast Adjustment
Pressure Sensors
Low-Drift Programmable-Gain Amplifiers
Mechanical Potentiometer Replacement
Volume Control
Features
♦ Wiper Position Stored in Nonvolatile Memory and
Recalled Upon Power-Up
♦ 16-Pin, 5mm x 5mm x 0.8mm TQFN Package
♦ 35ppm/°C End-to-End Resistance Temperature
Coefficient
♦ 5ppm/°C Ratiometric Temperature Coefficient
♦ 10kΩ and 50kΩ End-to-End Resistor Values
♦ 3-Wire SPI-Compatible Serial Interface
♦ Reliability (TA= +85°C)
50,000 Wiper Store Cycles
50 Years Wiper Data Retention
♦ 1.5µA (max) Standby Current
♦ Single +2.7V to +5.25V Supply Operation
♦ Dual ±2.5V Supply Operation
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
16
1234
12 11 10 9
15
14
13
5
6
7
8
SCLK
N.C.
N.C.
DIN
GNDINTERFACE
W1
L1
H1
W2
L2
H2
V
DD
N.C.
N.C.
V
SS
TOP VIEW
MAX5494
MAX5495
CS
5mm × 5mm × 0.8mm TQFN
16
1234
12 11 10 9
15
14
13
5
6
7
8
SCLK
N.C.
N.C.
DIN
GNDINTERFACE
W1
L1
D.N.C.
W2
L2
D.N.C.
V
DD
N.C.
N.C.
V
SS
MAX5496
MAX5497
CS
5mm × 5mm × 0.8mm TQFN
Pin Configurations
Ordering Information
19-3562; Rev 1; 6/05
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
*EP = Exposed pad.
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.
Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
MAX5494ETE -40°C to +85°C 16 TQFN-EP* T1655-2
MAX5495ETE -40°C to +85°C 16 TQFN-EP* T1655-2
PART TEMP RANGE
PINPACKAGE
PKG CODE
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD= +2.7V to +5.25V, VSS= GND = 0, VH_= VDD, VL_= 0, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
V
DD
= +5.0V, TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VDDto GND...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
V
SS
to GND............................................................-6.0V to +0.3V
V
DD
to VSS.............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
H1, H2, L1, L2, W1, W2 to V
SS
.........(VSS- 0.3V) to (VDD+ 0.3V)
CS, SCLK, DIN to GND ..............................-0.3V to (VDD+ 0.3V)
Maximum Continuous Current into H_, L_, and W_
MAX5494/MAX5496/MAX5498 ....................................±5.0mA
MAX5495/MAX5497/MAX5499 ....................................±1.0mA
Maximum Current Into Other Pins .................................±50.0mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
16-Pin TQFN (derate 20.8mW/°C above +70°C) ....1666.7mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-60°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
UNITS
DC PERFORMANCE (MAX5494/MAX5495/MAX5498/MAX5499 Programmable Voltage-Divider)
Resolution N 10 Bits
VDD = 2.7V ±2
Integral Nonlinearity (Note 2) INL
V
DD
= 5V ±2
LSB
VDD = 2.7V ±1
Differential Nonlinearity (Note 2) DNL
V
DD
= 5V ±1
LSB
End-to-End Resistance
Temperature Coefficient
TC
R
35
ppm/°C
Ratiometric Temperature
Coefficient
5
ppm/°C
MAX5494/MAX5498 -4 -2.5 0
Full-Scale Error FSE
MAX5495/MAX5499 -4
0
LSB
MAX5494/MAX5498 0 3.3 5
Zero-Scale Error ZSE
MAX5495/MAX5499 0
5
LSB
Wiper Capacitance C
W
60 pF
MAX5494/MAX5498 7.5 10
End-to-End Resistance R
HL
MAX5495/MAX5499
50
kΩ
MAX5494
Channel-to-Channel Division
Ratio Matching
MAX5495
%
MAX5494/MAX5498, W_ at 15 code, H_ and
L_ shorted to V
SS
, measure resistance from
W_ to H_ (Figures 4 and 5)
6.3
Resistance from W_ to L_ and H_
MAX5495/MAX5499, W_ at 15 code, H_ and
L_ shorted to V
SS
, measure resistance from
W_ to H_ (Figures 4 and 5)
25
kΩ
SYMBOL
MIN TYP MAX
VDD = 3V, midcode: 512
-0.75
1.45
37.5
0.05
0.15
12.5
62.5
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD= +2.7V to +5.25V, VSS= GND = 0, VH_= VDD, VL_= 0, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
V
DD
= +5.0V, TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DC PERFORMANCE (MAX5496–MAX5499 Variable Resistor)
Resolution N 10 Bits
VDD = 2.7V -1.6
VDD = 3V -4 -1.4 +4Integral Nonlinearity (Note 3) INL_R
V
DD
= 5V -4 -1.3 +4
LSB
VDD = 2.7V
VDD = 3V -1
+1Differential Nonlinearity (Note 3) DNL_R
V
DD
= 5V -1
+1
LSB
Variable-Resistor Temperature
Coefficient
TC
VR
VDD = 3V to 5.25V; code = 128 to 1024 35
ppm/°C
Wiper Resistance R
W
VDD ≥ 3V (Note 4) 50 Ω
Wiper Capacitance C
WR
60 pF
MAX5496/MAX5498 7.5 10
Full-Scale Wiper-to-End
Resistance
R
W-L
MAX5497/MAX5499
50
kΩ
70
Zero-Scale Resistor Error R
Z
Code = 0
110
Ω
MAX5496/MAX5498,
Code >128
0.1
Two-Channel Resistance
Matching
V
DD
= 3V to 5.25V
MAX5497/MAX5499,
Code >200
%
DIGITAL INPUTS (CS, SCLK, DIN) (Note 5)
2.4
Single-supply
operation
V
DD
= 2.7V to 3.6V
0.7 x
Input High Voltage V
IH
Dual-supply
operation
With respect to
GND, V
DD
= 2.5V,
V
SS
= -2.5V
2.0
V
Single-supply
operation
0.8
Input Low Voltage V
IL
Dual-supply
operation
With respect to
GND, V
DD
= 2.5V,
V
SS
= -2.5V
0.6
V
Input Leakage Current I
IN
±1 µA
Input Capacitance C
IN
5pF
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
250
Wiper -3dB Bandwidth BW
Wiper at code 495
(01111 01111), 10pF
load at wiper
50
kHz
+0.45
MAX5494/MAX5498
MAX5495/MAX5499
VDD = 3.6V to 5.25V
+0.4
+0.35
37.5
V
DD
0.15
12.5
62.5
VDD = 2.7V to 5.25V
MAX5494/MAX5498
MAX5495/MAX5499
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD= +2.7V to +5.25V, VSS= GND = 0, VH_= VDD, VL_= 0, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
V
DD
= +5.0V, TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
UNITS
MAX5494/MAX5498; VDD = 3V; wiper at
code 495; 10kHz, 1V
RMS
signal is applied
at H_; 10pF load at wiper
Total Harmonic Distortion THD
MAX5495/MAX5499; V
DD
= 3V; wiper at
code 495; 10kHz, 1V
RMS
signal is applied
at H_;
10pF load at wiper
%
Analog Crosstalk
CH2 = 11111 11111, CH1 = 01111 01111,
C
W_
= 10pF, VH1 = VDD = +2.5V,
V
L1
= VSS = -2.5V, measure VW1 with
V
W2
= 5V
P-P
at f = 1kHz
-93 dB
NONVOLATILE MEMORY RELIABILITY
Data Retention TA = +85°C 50
Years
TA = +25°C
Endurance
T
A
= +85°C
Stores
POWER SUPPLIES
Single-Supply Voltage V
DD
VSS = GND = 0
V
V
DD
GND = 0
Dual-Supply Voltage
V
SS
(VDD - VSS) ≤ 5.25V
V
Average Programming Current I
PG
During nonvolatile write only;
digital inputs = V
DD
or GND
220
µA
Peak Programming Current
During nonvolatile write only;
digital inputs = V
DD
or GND
4mA
Standby Current I
DD
Digital inputs = VDD or GND, TA = +25°C 0.6 1.5 µA
SYMBOL
MIN TYP MAX
0.026
0.03
200,000
50,000
2.70 5.25
2.50 5.25
-2.5 -0.2
400
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD= +2.7V to +5.25V, VSS= GND = 0, VH_= VDD, VL_= 0, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
V
DD
= +5.0V, TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
UNITS
ANALOG SECTION
MAX5494/MAX5498 5
Wiper Settling Time (Note 6) t
S
MAX5495/MAX5499 22
µs
SPI-COMPATIBLE SERIAL INTERFACE (Figure 6)
SCLK Frequency f
SCLK
7 MHz
SCLK Clock Period t
CP
ns
SCLK Pulse-Width High t
CH
60 ns
SCLK Pulse-Width Low t
CL
60 ns
CS Fall to SCLK Rise Setup t
CSS
60 ns
SCLK Rise to CS Rise Hold t
CSH
0ns
DIN to SCLK Setup t
DS
40 ns
DIN Hold After SCLK t
DH
0ns
SCLK Rise to CS Fall Delay t
CS0
15 ns
CS Rise to SCLK Rise Hold t
CS1
60 ns
CS Pulse-Width High t
CSW
ns
Write NV Register Busy Time t
BUSY
12 ms
Note 1: 100% production tested at TA= +25°C and TA= +85°C. Guaranteed by design to TA= -40°C.
Note 2: The DNL and INL are measured for the voltage-divider with H_ = V
DD
and L_ = VSS. The wiper terminal (W_) is unloaded
and measured with a high-input-impedance voltmeter.
Note 3: The DNL and INL are measured with L_ = V
SS
= 0. For VDD= 5V, the wiper terminal is driven with a current source of IW=
80µA for the 50kΩ device and I
W
= 400µA for the 10kΩ device. For VDD= 3V, the wiper terminal is driven with a current
source of IW= 40µA for the 50kΩ device and IW= 200µA for the 10kΩ device.
Note 4: The wiper resistance is measured using the source currents given in Note 3.
Note 5: The device draws higher supply current when the digital inputs are driven with voltages between (V
DD
- 0.5V) and (GND +
0.5V). See the Supply Current vs. Digital Input Voltage graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics.
Note 6: Wiper settling test condition uses the voltage-divider with a 10pF load on W_. Transition code from 0 to 495 and measure
the time from CS going high to the wiper voltage settling to within 0.5% of its final value.
SYMBOL
MIN TYP MAX
140
150
MAX5494–MAX5499
10-Bit, Dual, Nonvolatile, Linear-Taper
Digital Potentiometers
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD= +5.0V, VSS= 0, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY
vs. CODE (VARIABLE RESISTOR)
MAX5494 toc01
CODE
DNL (LSB)
896768512 640256 384128
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
-1.0
01024
VDD = 3V
INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY
vs. CODE (VARIABLE RESISTOR)
MAX5494 toc02
CODE
INL (LSB)
896768512 640256 384128
-1.0
-0.5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
-1.5
0 1024
VDD = 3V
MAXIMUM DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VARIABLE RESISTOR)
MAX5494 toc03
VDD (V)
DNL (LSB)
4.54.03.53.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
-1.0
2.5 5.0
MAXIMUM INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VARIABLE RESISTOR)
MAX5494 toc04
VDD (V)
INL (LSB)
4.54.03.53.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0
0.5
1.0
-2.0
2.5 5.0
DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY
vs. CODE (VOLTAGE-DIVIDER)
MAX5494 toc05
CODE
DNL (LSB)
896768512 640256 384128
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
-1.0
0 1024
VDD = 3V
INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY
vs. CODE (VOLTAGE-DIVIDER)
MAX5494 toc06
CODE
INL (LSB)
896768512 640256 384128
-1.0
-0.5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
-1.5
01024
VDD = 3V
WIPER RESISTANCE vs. CODE
(VARIABLE RESISTOR)
MAX5494 toc07
CODE
R
W
(Ω)
896768512 640256 384128
10
20
40
30
50
60
70
80
0
01024
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0256128 384 512 640 768 896 1024
END-TO-END RESISTANCE
vs. CODE (MAX5497/MAX5499)
MAX5494 toc08
CODE
R
WL
(kΩ)
END-TO-END RESISTANCE vs. CODE
(MAX5496/MAX5498)
MAX5494 toc09
CODE
R
WL
(kΩ)
896768512 640256 384128
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
01024
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