The MAX4881–MAX4884 overvoltage protection (OVP)
controllers with built-in current-limited switch, protect lowvoltage systems against voltages of up to 28V. When the
input voltage exceeds the overvoltage trip level of 5.6V
(MAX4881/MAX4883) or 4.5V (MAX4882/MAX4884), the
external n-channel MOSFET is turned off to prevent damage to the protected components. An undervoltage/overvoltage flag indicator (OV) notifies the processor that an
undervoltage/overvoltage fault condition is present.
The MAX4881/MAX4882 feature an internal 1.1A current-limited switch, while the MAX4883B/MAX4883C/
MAX4884B/MAX4884C include an internal 0.7A currentlimited switch. When the load current is at the current
limit for longer than the blanking time, the switch of the
MAX4881/MAX4882/MAX4883B/MAX4884B latches off
and does not turn back on until EN, CB, or IN is cycled.
A current-limit flag (FLAGI) asserts to indicate a current
fault condition.
The MAX4883C/MAX4884C limit the current to 0.7A
indefinitely until the thermal protection trips. An overcurrent flag output asserts to indicate a current fault condition after the blanking time has elapsed.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 have a control input (CB) that
is used to turn on and off the internal current-limited
switch. Other features include a shutdown function (EN)
to disable the external n-channel MOSFET, and a builtin startup delay to allow the adapter voltage to settle
down before turning on the MOSFET.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 is offered in a space-saving
10-pin TDFN package and is specified for operation
over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range.
(VIN= +5V (MAX4881/MAX4883), VIN= +4V (MAX4882/MAX4884), TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are
at T
A
= +25°C.) (Note 1)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
(All voltages referenced to GND.)
IN ............................................................................-0.3V to +30V
GATE ......................................................................-0.3V to +12V
EN,
CB, OV, FLAGI, BTA, BTB ................................-0.3V to +6V
Input. IN is the power input for the OVP charge pump. Bypass IN to GND with a 1µF capacitor or
larger.
Active-Low Enable Input. Drive EN high to turn off the external MOSFET. Driving EN low activates
the OVP circuitry and turns on the external MOSFET.
Gate Drive Output. GATE is the output of an on-chip OVP charge pump. When V
, GATE is driven high to turn on the external n-channel MOSFET.
V
OVLO
Internal Current-Limited Switch Terminal. Connect BTA to the source of the external n-channel
MOSFET. BTA is the power input for the entire device (except the OVP charge pump). Bypass BTA
to GND with a 0.1µF capacitor as close to the device as possible for proper operation.
UVLO
< VIN <
5CB
6GNDGround
7BTB
8FLAGI
9N.C.No Connection. Not internally connected.
10OV
—EP
Active-Low Internal Current-Limited-Switch Control Input. Drive CB high to turn on the internal
switch, pull CB low to turn off the internal switch.
Internal Current-Limited-Switch Output. Bypass BTB to GND with 0.1µF capacitor as close to the
device as possible.
Active-Low Open-Drain Internal Current-Limited Flag Output. FLAGI asserts low when the current
is at the limit for longer than the blanking time. FLAGI is disabled when EN goes high.
Active-Low Open-Drain IN-Overvoltage Flag Output. OV goes low when an
undervoltage/overvoltage fault occurs at IN. OV is disabled when EN goes high.
Exposed Pad. EP is internally connected to GND. Do not use EP as the only electrical ground
connection.
Detailed Description
The MAX4881–MAX4884 provide up to +28V overvoltage protection for low-voltage systems. When the input
voltage at IN exceeds the overvoltage trip level (OVLO),
the MAX4881–MAX4884 turn off the low-cost external nchannel FET to prevent damage to the protected components and issue an overvoltage fault flag.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 feature a built-in current-limited
switch that limits the load current to 1.1A (MAX4881/
MAX4882) and 0.7A (MAX4883B/MAX4883C/MAX4884B/
MAX4884C). When the load current is at the current limit
for longer than the blanking time, the switch of the
MAX4881/MAX4882/MAX4883B/MAX4884B latches off
and does not turn back on until EN or CB or IN is cycled.
A current-limit flag (FLAGI) asserts to indicate a current
fault condition. The MAX4883C/MAX4884C limit the current to 0.7A indefinitely until the thermal protection trips.
An overcurrent flag output asserts to indicate a current
fault condition after the blanking time has elapsed.
IN-Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
The MAX4881/MAX4883 have a fixed 4.35V undervoltage lockout level (UVLO) while the MAX4882/MAX4884
have a fixed UVLO of 2.55V. GATE goes low when V
IN
is below V
UVLO
, turning off the external n-channel FET.
IN-Overvoltage Lockout (OVLO)
The MAX4881/MAX4883 have a fixed 5.6V overvoltage
threshold (OVLO), while the MAX4882/MAX4884 have a
fixed OVLO of 4.5V. GATE goes low when VINis higher
than V
OVLO
, turning off the external n-channel FET.
Fault Flag Output (OV)
The OV output signals the host system that there is a fault
with the input voltage. OV asserts low in response to
either an overvoltage or undervoltage fault. OV stays low
for 50ms after GATE turns on, before deasserting high.
OV is an open-drain active-low output. Connect a
pullup resistor from OV to the logic I/O voltage of the
host system, or to any voltage source up to 6V. Driving
EN high disables OV.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 have an overcurrent-fault flag
output (FLAGI) to indicate a current fault condition.
FLAGI asserts low to indicate a fault when the current
reaches the current limit for longer than the 50ms blanking time. Toggle IN or CB or EN to release FLAGI latched
condition. FLAGI does not assert if the current-limit fault
occurs for less than the blanking time (Figure 5).
FLAGI is disabled when EN goes high. When CB is low,
the switch opens, but FLAGI is not active.
FLAGI is an open-drain active-low output. Connect a
pullup resistor from FLAGI to the logic I/O voltage of the
host system, or to any voltage source up to 6V.
Overvoltage Protection Controllers with
Current Limit in TDFN
When the forward- or reverse-current-limit threshold is
exceeded, t
BLANK
timer begins counting. The timer
resets if the overcurrent condition disappears before
t
BLANK
has elapsed. The internal switch is latched off if
the overcurrent condition continues up to the end of the
blanking time (MAX4881/MAX4882/MAX4883B/
MAX4884B). The MAX4883C/MAX4884C limit the current infinitely until the thermal trip point occurs. Reset
the switch by toggling EN or CB or IN (Figure 6).
EN
Input
The MAX4881–MAX4884 feature an active-low enable
input (EN). Drive EN low or connect to ground for normal operation. Drive EN high to force the external nchannel MOSFET off, and to disable OV and FLAGI.
GATE Driver
An on-chip charge pump drives the GATE voltage to
about twice above VIN, allowing the use of a low-cost nchannel MOSFET (Figure 7). The actual GATE output
voltage tracks approximately 2 x VINuntil VINexceeds
the OVLO trip level, 5.6V (MAX4881/MAX4883) and
4.5V (MAX4882/MAX4884) typically. The GATE output
voltage, as a function of input voltage, is shown in the
Typical Operating Characteristics.
Applications Information
MOSFET Selection
The MAX4881–MAX4884 are designed for use with
an n-channel MOSFET. MOSFETs with R
DS(ON)
, specified for a VGSof 4.5V or less, work well. If the input supply is near the UVLO minimum of 4.2V (MAX4881/
MAX4883), or of 2.4V (MAX4882/MAX4884), consider
using a MOSFET specified for a lower VGSvoltage. Also,
the VDSshould be 30V for the MOSFET to withstand the
full 28V IN range of the MAX4881–MAX4884. Table 1
shows a selection of MOSFETs appropriate for use with
the MAX4881–MAX4884.
IN Bypass Considerations
Bypass IN to GND with a 1µF ceramic capacitor to
achieve 15kV ESD-protected input. When the power
source has significant inductance due to long lead
length, take care to prevent overshoots due to the LC
tank circuit, and provide protection if necessary to prevent exceeding the 30V absolute maximum rating on IN.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 provide protection against
voltage faults up to 28V, but this does not include negative voltages. If negative voltages are a concern, connect a Schottky diode from IN to GND to clamp
negative input voltages.
Exposed Pad
The MAX4881–MAX4884 provide an exposed pad on the
bottom of the package. This pad is internally connected
to GND. For the best thermal conductivity and higher
power dissipation, solder the exposed pad to the ground
plane. Do not use the ground-connected pad as the only
MAX4881–MAX4884
Overvoltage Protection Controllers with
Current Limit in TDFN
electrical ground connection or ground return. Use GND
(pin 6) as the only electrical ground connection.
ESD Test Conditions
ESD performance depends on a number of conditions.
The MAX4881–MAX4884 is specified for 15kV typical
ESD resistance on IN when IN is bypassed to ground
with a 1µF low-ESR ceramic capacitor. Contact Maxim
for a reliability report that documents test setup,
methodology, and results.
Human Body Model
Figure 8 shows the Human Body Model and Figure 9
shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of
a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the device through a
1.5kΩ resistor.
IEC 61000-4-2
Since January 1996, all equipment manufactured
and/or sold in the European community has been
required to meet the stringent IEC 61000-4-2 specification. The IEC 61000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing
and performance of finished equipment; it does not
specifically refer to integrated circuits. The
MAX4881–MAX4884 help users design equipment that
meets Level 3 of IEC 61000-4-2, without additional
ESD-protection components.
The main difference between tests done using the
Human Body Model and IEC 61000-4-2 is higher peak
current in IEC 61000-4-2. Because series resistance is
lower in the IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test model (Figure 10),
the ESD-withstand voltage measured to this standard is
generally lower than that measured using the Human
Body Model. Figure 11 shows the current waveform for
the ±8kV, IEC 61000-4-2, Level 4, ESD Contact
Discharge test. The Air-Gap test involves approaching
the device with a charger probe. The Contact
Discharge method connects the probe to the device
before the probe is energized.
Typical Operating Circuits
Figures 12 and 13 depict some typical connections to
the MAX4881–MAX4884. Figure 12 shows a battery
charger application where the source power is an 4.4V
adapter with a built-in charger, while Figure 13 shows
an application where the battery charger is external.
Figure 13. Connection to an AC-DC Adapter with a Built-In
Battery Charger
4.4V ADAPTER
Figure 12. Connection to an AC-DC Adapter without a Built-In
Battery Charger
WITH BUILT-IN
CHARGER
AC-DC
ADAPTER
5.25V
GATEIN
BTA
V
IO
FLAGI
OV
CB
EN
MAX4882/
MAX4884
1.1A/0.7A
GND
BTB
LOAD
Li+
GATEIN
BTA
V
IO
FLAGI
OV
CB
EN
MAX4881/
MAX4883
1.1A/0.7A
GND
BTB
BATTERY
CHARGER
LOAD
Li+
MAX4881–MAX4884
Overvoltage Protection Controllers with
Current Limit in TDFN
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600