Rainbow Electronics MAX2769B User Manual

E V A L U A T I O N K IT A V A I L A B L E

19-5875; Rev 1; 8/11

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

General Description

The MAX2769B is a next-generation Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver covering GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and Compass navigation satellite systems on a single chip. This single-conversion GNSS receiver is designed to provide high performance for industrial and automotive applications.

Designed on Maxim’s advanced, low-power SiGe BiCMOS process technology, the MAX2769B offers the highest performance and integration at a low cost. Incorporated on the chip is the complete receiver chain, including a dual-input LNA and mixer, followed by the image-rejected filter, PGA, VCO, fractional-N frequency synthesizer, crystal oscillator, and a multibit ADC. The total cascaded noise figure of this receiver is as low as 1.4dB.

The MAX2769B completely eliminates the need for external IF filters by implementing on-chip monolithic filters and requires only a few external components to form a com plete low-cost GPS RF receiver solution.

The MAX2769B is the most flexible receiver on the market. The integrated delta-sigma fractional-N frequency synthesizer allows programming of the IF frequency within a ±30Hz (f

= 32MHz) accuracy while operat-

XTAL

ing with any reference or crystal frequencies that are available in the host system. The ADC outputs CMOS logic levels with 1 or 2 quantized bits for both I and Q channels, or up to 3 quantized bits for the I channel. I and Q analog outputs are also available.

The MAX2769B is packaged in a 5mm x 5mm, 28-pin thin QFN package with an exposed paddle.

Applications

Automotive Navigation Systems

Location-Enabled Mobile Handsets

PNDs (Personal Navigation Devices)

Telematics (Asset Tracking, Inventory Management)

Marine/Avionics Navigation

Software GPS

Laptops and Netbooks

For related parts and recommended products to use with this part, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/MAX2769B.related.

Features

S AEC-Q100 Automotive Qualified

S GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/Compass Systems

S 40pF Output Clock Drive Capability

S No External IF SAW or Discrete Filters Required

S Programmable IF Frequency

S Fractional-N Synthesizer with Integrated VCO

Supports Wide Range of Reference Frequencies

S Dual-Input Uncommitted LNA for Separate Passive

and Active Antenna Inputs

S 1.4dB Cascade Noise Figure

S Integrated Crystal Oscillator

S Integrated Active Antenna Sensor

S 2.7V to 3.3V Supply Voltage

S Small, 28-Pin, RoHS-Compliant, Thin QFN Lead-

Free Package (5mm x 5mm)

Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.

Block Diagram

CC_ADC

V

N.C.

CC_IF

IDLE

LNA2

PGM

LNA1

N.C.

I0

20

21

22

+

1

ANTFLAG

ADC

MAX2769B

FILTER

LNA2

LNA1

2

LNAOUT

23

24

25

26

27

28

Q0

V

19 17 16

3 5

ANTBIAS

Q1I1CLKOUT

18

ADC

PLL

900

4 6

CC_RF

MIXIN

V

VCO

3-WIRE

INTERFACE

LD

XTAL

15

V

14

CCD

V

13

CC_CP

CPOUT

12

V

11

CC_VCO

10

CS

9

SCLK

8

SDATA

7

SHDN

�� Maxim Integrated Products 1

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

V

to Ground ....................................................-0.3V to +4.2V

CC_

Other Pins Except LNA_, MIXIN, XTAL, and LNAOUT to

Ground............................. -0.3V to +(Operating V

Maximum RF Input Power ............................................. +15dBm

Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC)

TQFN (derates 27mW/NC above +70NC) ...................2500mW

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE

CC_

+ 0.3V)

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(MAX2769B EV kit, V values are at V

Supply Voltage 2.7 2.85 3.3 V

Supply Current

Voltage Drop at ANTBIAS from V

CC_RF

Short-Circuit Protection Current at ANTBIAS

Active Antenna Detection Current To assert logic-high at ANTFLAG 1.1 mA

DIGITAL INPUT AND OUTPUT

Digital Input Logic-High Digital Input Logic-Low

CC_

PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. Typical

CC_

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

Default mode, LNA1 is active (Note 2) 18 27 31

Idle ModeK, IDLE = low, SHDN = high Shutdown mode, SHDN = low

Sourcing 20mA at ANTBIAS 0.2 V

ANTBIAS is shorted to ground 57 mA

Measure at the SHDN pin Measure at the SHDN pin

Operating Temperature Range .......................... -40NC to +85NC

Junction Temperature .....................................................+150NC

Storage Temperature Range ............................ -65NC to +150NC

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300NC

Soldering Temperature (reflow) ......................................+260NC

mADefault mode, LNA2 is active (Note 2) 15 25 30.5

5

200

1.5 V

0.4 V

FA

Idle Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

�� Maxim Integrated Products 2

*The parametric values (min, typ, max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table supersede values quoted elsewhere in this data sheet.

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS*

(MAX2769B EV kit, V input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical values are at V

CASCADED RF PERFORMANCE

RF Frequency L1 band 1575.42 MHz

Noise Figure

Out-of-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point

In-Band Mixer Input Referred 1dB Compression Point

Mixer Input Return Loss 10 dB Image Rejection 25 dB

Spurs at LNA1 Input

Maximum Voltage Gain Measured from the mixer to the baseband analog output 91 96 103 dB Variable Gain Range 55 59 dB

FILTER RESPONSE

Passband Center Frequency

Passband 3dB Bandwidth

Lowpass 3dB Bandwidth FBW = 11 9 MHz

Stopband Attenuation

LNA LNA1 INPUT

Power Gain 19 dB Noise Figure 0.83 dB Input IP3 (Note 5) -1.1 dBm Output Return Loss 10 dB Intput Return Loss 8 dB

CC_

PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

LNA1 input active, default mode (Note 3) 1.4

Measured at the mixer input 10.3

Measured at the mixer input (Note 4) -7 dBm

Measured at the mixer input -85 dBm

LO leakage -101 Reference harmonics leakage -103

FBW = 00 4

FBW = 01 9.27 FBW = 00 2.5

FBW = 01 9.66

3rd-order filter, bandwidth = 2.5MHz, measured at 4MHz offset 30 5th-order filter, bandwidth = 2.5MHz, measured at 4MHz offset 40 49.5

dBLNA2 input active, default mode (Note 3) 2.7

dBm

MHzFBW = 10 4

MHzFBW = 10 4.2

dB

�� Maxim Integrated Products 3

*The parametric values (min, typ, max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table supersede values quoted elsewhere in this data sheet.

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS* (continued)

(MAX2769B EV kit, V input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical values are at V

LNA2 INPUT

Power Gain 13 dB Noise Figure 1.14 dB Input IP3 (Note 5) 1 dBm Output Return Loss 19 dB Input Return Loss 11 dB

FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER

LO Frequency Range 0.2V < V

LO Tuning Gain 57 MHz/V Reference Input Frequency 8 44 MHz Main Divider Ratio 36 32,767 — Reference Divider Ratio 1 1023 —

Charge-Pump Current

TCXO INPUT BUFFER/OUTPUT CLOCK BUFFER

Frequency Range 8 32 MHz

Output Logic-Level High (VOH)

Output Logic-Level Low (VOL)

Capacitive Slew Current

Output Load 10||40 Reference Input Level Sine wave 0.5 V

Clock Output Multiply/Divide Range

ADC

ADC Differential Nonlinearity AGC enabled, 3-bit output ADC Integral Nonlinearity AGC enabled, 3-bit output

Note 1: MAX2769B is production tested at TA = +25NC and +85NC. All min/max specifications are guaranteed by design and char-

Note 2: Default, low-NF mode of the IC. LNA choice is gated by the ANT_FLAG signal. In the normal mode of operation without an

Note 3: The LNA output connects to the mixer input without a SAW filter between them. Note 4: Two tones are located at 12MHz and 24MHz offset frequencies from the GPS center frequency of 1575.42MHz at -60dBm/

Note 5: Measured from the LNA input to the LNA output. Two tones are located at 12MHz and 24MHz offset frequencies from the

CC_

PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

acterization from -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Default register settings are not production tested or guaranteed. User must program the registers upon power-up.

active antenna, LNA1 is active. If an active antenna is connected and ANT_FLAG switches to 1, LNA1 is automatically disabled and LNA2 becomes active. PLL is in an integer-N mode with f complex IF filter is configured as a 5th-order Butterworth filter with a center frequency of 4MHz and bandwidth of 2.5MHz. Output data is in a 2-bit sign/magnitude format at CMOS logic levels in the I channel only.

tone. Passive pole at the mixer output is programmed to be 13MHz.

GPS center frequency of 1575.42MHz at -60dBm per tone.

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

< (V

TUNE

ICP = 0 0.5 ICP = 1 1

With respect to ground, IOH = 10FA (DC-coupled)

With respect to ground, IOL = 10FA (DC-coupled)

Load = 10kW + 40pF, f

/4, /2, /1 (x2, max input frequency of 16MHz)

- 0.3V) 1550 1610 MHz

CC_

2 V

0.8 V

CLKOUT

= 32MHz

COMP

= f

÷4 x2 —

/16 = 1.023MHz and ICP = 0.5mA. The

TCXO

11 mA

Q0.1 Q0.1

mA

kI||pF

P-P

LSB LSB

�� Maxim Integrated Products 4

*The parametric values (min, typ, max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table supersede values quoted elsewhere in this data sheet.

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

Typical Operating Characteristics

(MAX2769B EV kit, V

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical

values are at V

CASCADED RECEIVER GAIN

120

100

TA = +25°C

80

60

CASCADED RECEIVER GAIN (dB)

40

0 65

PGA GAIN CODE (DECIMAL FORMAT)

LNA1 GAIN AND NOISE FIGURE

vs. LNA1 BIAS DIGITAL CODE

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

0.4

0.2

0

1 15

LNA BIAS DIGITAL CODE (DECIMAL)

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)

CC_

CASCADED GAIN AND NOISE FIGURE

vs. PGA GAIN CODE

2.0

TA = -40°C

TA = +85°C

MAX2769B toc04

GAIN

NOISE FIGURE

MAX2769B toc01

60555045403530252015105

25

20

15

10

5

0

14132 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 115 12

1.5

1.0

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

0.5

0

-40 85

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

LNA1 GAIN (dB)

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

0.4

0.2

0

-40 85

vs. TEMPERATURE

AGC GAIN

NOISE FIGURE

TEMPERATURE (°C)

LNA1 GAIN AND NOISE FIGURE

vs. TEMPERATURE

LNA BIAS = 1000

NOISE FIGURE

TEMPERATURE (°C)

GAIN

MAX2769B toc02

603510-15

MAX2769B toc05

603510-15

120

115

110

105

100

95

90

19.6

19.4

19.2

19.0

18.8

18.6

18.4

18.2

18.0

17.8

LNA1 |S21| AND |S12|

vs. FREQUENCY

40

30

20

10

0

-10

CASCADED GAIN

-20

LNA1 |S21| AND |S12| (dB)

-30

-40

-50

0.50 2.50

|S21|

|S12|

FREQUENCY (GHz)

LNA1 INPUT 1dB COMPRESSION POINT

vs. LNA1 BIAS DIGITAL CODE

5.0

2.5

0

-2.5

-5.0

-7.5

LNA1 GAIN (dB)

-10.0

-12.5

LNA1 INPUT 1dB COMPRESSION POINT (dBm)

-15.0 1 15

LNA BIAS DIGITAL CODE (DECIMAL)

MAX2769B toc03

2.252.001.50 1.751.00 1.250.75

MAX2769B toc06

14132 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 115 12

�� Maxim Integrated Products 5

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(MAX2769B EV kit, V

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical

values are at V

30

20

10

0

-10

-20

LNA2 |S21| AND |S12| (dB)

-30

-40

-50

0.50 2.50

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)

CC_

LNA2 |S21| AND |S12|

LNA2 GAIN AND NOISE FIGURE

vs. FREQUENCY

2.0

|S21|

MAX2769B toc07

|S12|

2.252.000.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75

FREQUENCY (GHz)

LNA BIAS = 10

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

NOISE FIGURE

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-40 85

LNA OUTPUT RETURN LOSS

vs. FREQUENCY

0

-5

LNA1

-10

-15

LNA OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB)

-20

LNA2

1.0 2.2 FREQUENCY (GHz)

MAX2769B toc10

2.12.01.91.81.71.61.51.41.31.21.1

vs. TEMPERATURE

GAIN

TEMPERATURE (°C)

MAX2769B toc08

603510-15

13.6

13.4

13.2

13.0

12.8

12.6

12.4

12.2

LNA2 GAIN (dB)

MIXER INPUT REFERRED IP1dB

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

MIXER INPUT REFERRED IP1dB (dB)

-80

-90 0 300

LNA INPUT RETURN LOSS

vs. FREQUENCY

0

LNA1

-10

-20

-30

LNA INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB)

-40

-50

1.0 2.2

LNA2

FREQUENCY (GHz)

vs. OFFSET FREQUENCY

PGA GAIN = 32dB

PGA GAIN = 51dB

PRF = -100dBm

25020015010050

OFFSET FREQUENCY (MHz)

2.12.01.91.81.71.61.51.41.31.21.1

MAX2769B toc11

MAX2769B toc09

�� Maxim Integrated Products 6

MAX2769B

MAGNITUDE (dB)

Universal GPS Receiver

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(MAX2769B EV kit, V

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical

values are at V

0

-5

-10

JAMMER POWER (dBm)

-15

-20 800 950

3RD-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER MAGNITUDE

RESPONSE vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY

10

FBW = 00b

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60 1 10

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)

CC_

1dB CASCADED NOISE FIGURE DESENSITIZATION vs. JAMMER FREQUENCY

MAX2769B toc12a

925900875850825 JAMMER FREQUENCY (MHz)

MAX2769B toc12b

205020001950190018501800 2100

5TH-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER MAGNITUDE

RESPONSE vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY

10

FBW = 00b

0

MAX2769B toc14

-10

-20

-30

-40

MAGNITUDE (dB)

-50

-60

98765432

BASEBAND FREQUENCY (MHz)

-70 1 10

BASEBAND FREQUENCY (MHz)

MIXER INPUT REFERRED NOISE FIGURE

vs. PGA GAIN

16

14

12

10

8

MIXER INPUT REFERRED NOISE FIGURE (dB)

6

5 65

PGA GAIN (dB)

5545352515

MIXER INPUT REFERRED GAIN

vs. PGA GAIN CODE

100

MAX2769B toc15

80

60

40

MIXER INPUT REFERRED GAIN (dB)

98765432

20

0 65

TA = -40°C

TA = +25°C

TA = +85°C

60555045403530252015105

PGA GAIN CODE (DECIMAL FORMAT)

MAX2769B toc13

MAX2769B toc16

�� Maxim Integrated Products 7

MAX2769B

Universal GPS Receiver

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(MAX2769B EV kit, V

= 2.7V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85NC, PGM = Ground. Registers are set to the default power-up states. LNA

CC_

input is driven from a 50I source. All RF measurements are done in the analog output mode with ADC bypassed. PGA gain is set to 51dB gain by serial-interface word GAININ = 111010. Maximum IF output load is not to exceed 10kI||7.5pF on each pin. Typical

values are at V

vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY (FBW = 01)

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

FREQUENCY RESPONSE (dB)

-50

-60 0 20

= 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)

CC_

3RD-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER

10

MAX2769B toc17

18161412108642

FREQUENCY (MHz)

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

FREQUENCY RESPONSE (dB)

-50

-60

5TH-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER

vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY (FBW = 01)

0 20

FREQUENCY (MHz)

18161412108642

vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY (FBW = 10)

10

MAX2769B toc18

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

FREQUENCY RESPONSE (dB)

-50

-60 0 20

3RD-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER

18161412108642

FREQUENCY (MHz)

5TH-ORDER POLYPHASE FILTER

vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY (FBW = 10)

10

0

-10

-20

-30

-40

FREQUENCY RESPONSE (dB)

-50

-60 0 20

FREQUENCY (MHz)

3.5

3.0

MAX2769B toc20

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

CODE (DECIMAL VALUE)

0.5

18161412108642

-0.5

2-BIT ADC TRANSFER CURVE

0

-1.0 1.0 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V)

0.80.6-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 0 0.2-0.2 0.4

7

6

MAX2769B toc21

5

4

3

2

CODE (DECIMAL VALUE)

1

0

-1.0 1.0

3-BIT ADC TRANSFER CURVE

0.80.6-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 0 0.2-0.2 0.4

DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V)

MAX2769B toc19

MAX2769B toc22

�� Maxim Integrated Products 8