Rainbow Electronics MAX2104 User Manual

General Description

The MAX2104 low-cost direct-conversion tuner IC is
designed for use in digital direct-broadcast satellite
(DBS) television set-top box units. Its direct-conversion
architecture reduces system cost compared to devices
with IF-based architectures. The MAX2104 directly con­verts L-band signals to baseband signals using a
broadband I/Q downconverter. The operating frequency
range extends from 925MHz to 2175MHz.

The IC includes an LNA gain control, I and Q downcon­verting mixers, lowpass filters with gain control and fre­quency control, a local oscillator (LO) buffer with a 90°
quadrature network, and a charge-pump based PLL for
frequency control. The MAX2104 also has an on-chip
LO, requiring only an external varactor-tuned LC tank
for operation. The output of the LO drives the internal
quadrature generator and dual modulus prescaler. An
on-chip crystal amplifier drives a reference divider as
well as a buffer amplifier to drive off-chip circuitry. The
MAX2104 is offered in a 48-pin TQFP-EP package.

Applications

DirecTV, PrimeStar, EchoStar DBS Tuners

DVB-Compliant DBS Tuners

Broadband Systems

LMDS

Features

♦ Low-Cost Architecture

♦ Operates from Single 5V Supply

♦ 925MHz to 2175MHz Input Frequency Range

♦ On-Chip Quadrature Generator, Dual-Modulus

Prescaler (/32, /33)

♦ On-Chip Crystal Amplifier

♦ PLL Mixer with Gain-Controlled Charge Pump

♦ Input Levels: -25dBm to -65dBm per Carrier

♦ Over 40dB Gain Control Range

♦ Noise Figure = 11.5dB; IIP3 = 7dBm (at 1550MHz)

♦ Automatic Baseband Offset Correction

♦ Loopthrough Replaces External Splitter

♦ Crystal Output Buffer

MAX2104

Direct-Conversion Tuner IC for

Digital DBS Applications

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

PART

MAX2104CCM* 0°C to +70°C

TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

48 TQFP-EP

19-1431; Rev 3; 12/01

*Contact factory for availability.

Functional Diagram appears at end of data sheet.

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

TOP VIEW

V

CFLT

XTL-

XTL+

GND

V

RFIN-

RFIN+

GND
GND

QDC-

QDC+

CC

CC

CPFBGND

4847464544434241403938

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1314151617181920212223

IDC-

IDC+

GND

CC

V

MAX2104

GND

RFOUT

TANK+

VRLO

CPG1

TQFP

TANK-

CC

V

GND

CPG2

XTLOUT

GND

VCCPSOUT-

GC1

GC2

PSOUT+

37

24

INSEL

36

PLLIN-

35

PLLIN+

34

MOD-

33

MOD+
GND

32

IOUT+

31

IOUT-

30

V

29

CC

QOUT+

28

QOUT-

27

FDOUB

26

FLCLK

25

MAX2104

Direct-Conversion Tuner IC for
Digital DBS Applications

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, VFB= 2.4V, C

IOUT_

= C

QOUT_

= 10pF, f

FLCLK

= 2MHz, RFIN_ = floating, R

IOUT_

= R

QOUT_

= 10kΩ,

V

FDOUB

= V

INSEL

= V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 2.4V, V

PLLIN+

= V

MOD+

= 1.3V, V

PLLIN-

= V

MOD-

= 1.1V, TA= +25°C. Typical values are at

V

CC

= 5.0V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

VCCto GND .............................................................-0.5V to +7V

All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

RF1+ to RF1-, RF2+ to RF2-, TANK+ to TANK-,

IDC+ to IDC-, QDC+ to QDC- ............................................±2V

IOUT_, QOUT_ to GND Short-Circuit Duration ......................10s

PSOUT+, PSOUT- to GND Short-Circuit Duration .................10s

Continuous Current (any pin)..............................................20mA

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

(derate 27mW/°C above +70°C).......................................1.5W

Operating Temperature Range...............................0°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range ............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300°C

V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 0.5V

(V

MOD+-VMOD-

) = -200mV

(V

MOD+-VMOD-

) = 200mV

Referenced to V

CMO

Referenced to V

CMO

R

SOURCE

= 50kΩ, V

FLCLK

= 1.65V

Referenced to V

CMI

Referenced to V

CMI

CONDITIONS

0.08 0.1 0.12

Charge-Pump Output High
Measured at FB

88Reference Divider Ratio

33 33

Prescaler Ratio

32 32

mV150 215Output Voltage High (Note 3)

mV-215 -150Output Voltage Low (Note 3)

V2.16 2.4 2.64V

CMO

Common-Mode Output Voltage

µA

-5 5

Input Current (Note 1)

mV100Input Voltage High (Note 2)

mV-100Input Voltage Low (Note 2)

V1.08 1.2 1.32V

CMI

Common-Mode Input Voltage

V4.75 5.25V

CC

Operating Supply Voltage

µA-1 +1FLCLK Input Current (Note 1)

V1.45FLCLK Input Voltage Low

V1.85FLCLK Input Voltage High

V2.4V

IH

Digital Input Voltage High

V0.5V

IL

Digital Input Voltage Low

µA-15 +10I

IN

Digital Input Current

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

mA

190 275

I

CC

Operating Supply Current

V

CPG1

= 0.5V, V

CPG2

= 2.4V 0.24 0.3 0.36

V

CPG1

= 2.4V, V

CPG2

= 0.5V

V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 2.4V

0.48 0.6 0.72

mA

1.44 1.8 2.16

STANDARD DIGITAL INPUTS (FDOUB, INSEL, CPG1, CPG2)

SLEW-RATE-LIMITED DIGITAL INPUTS

DIFFERENTIAL DIGITAL INPUTS (MOD+, MOD-, PLLIN+, PLLIN-)

DIFFERENTIAL DIGITAL OUTPUTS (PSOUT+, PSOUT-)

FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER

MAX2104

Direct-Conversion Tuner IC for

Digital DBS Applications

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, VFB= 2.4V, C

IOUT_

= C

QOUT_

= 10pF, f

FLCLK

= 2MHz, RFIN_ = floating, R

IOUT_

= R

QOUT_

= 10kΩ,

V

FDOUB

= V

INSEL

= V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 2.4V, V

PLLIN+

= V

MOD+

= 1.3V, V

PLLIN-

= V

MOD-

= 1.1V, TA= +25°C. Typical values are at

V

CC

= 5.0V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(V

CC

= 4.75V to 5.25V, V

IOUT_

= V

QOUT_

= 0.59V

P-P

, C

IOUT_

= C

QOUT_

= 10pF, f

FLCLK

= 2MHz, R

IOUT_

= R

QOUT_

= 10kΩ,

V

FDOUB

= V

INSEL

= V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 2.4V, V

PLLIN+

= V

MOD+

= 1.3V, V

PLLIN-

= V

MOD-

= 1.1V, TA= +25°C. Typical values are at

V

CC

= 5.0V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 0.5V

V

CPG1

= 0.5V, V

CPG2

= 2.4V

CONDITIONS

-0.12 -0.1 -0.08

Charge-Pump Output Low
Measured at FB

-0.36 -0.3 -0.24

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

V

CPG1

= 2.4V, V

CPG2

= 0.5V

V

CPG1

= V

CPG2

= 2.4V

-0.72 -0.6 -0.48

mA

-2.16 -1.8 -1.44

V

GC_

= 1V to 4V -50 +50I

GC_

Analog Control Input Current µA

Charge-Pump Output Current
Matching Positive to Negative

%Measured at FB -5 5

Charge-Pump Output Leakage nAMeasured at FB -25 25

Offset Voltage (Note 1) mV

Differential Output Voltage
Swing

V

P-P

RL= 2kΩ differential 1

Common-Mode Output Voltage
(Note 1)

V0.65 0.85

-50 +50

Charge-Pump Output Current
Drive (Note 1)

µAMeasured at CP 100

ANALOG CONTROL INPUTS (GC_)

BASEBAND OUTPUTS (IOUT+, IOUT-, QOUT+, QOUT-)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

RF FRONT END

RFIN_ Input Frequency Range f

RFIN_ Input Power for 0.59Vp-p
Baseband Levels

RFIN_ Input Third-Order Intercept
(Note 4)

RFIN_ Input Second-Order
Intercept (Note 5)

Output-Referred 1dB
Compression Point (Note 6)

Noise Figure NF

RFIN_ Return Loss (Note 7)

LO 2nd H ar moni c Rejection (N ote 8) Average level of V

LO H al f H ar m oni c Rej ecti on ( N ote 9) Average level of V

RFIN

IP3

RFIN_

IP2

RFIN_

P1

dBOUT_

Single
carrier

V

GC1

V

GC1

= V

= V

PRFIN_ = -25dBm per
tone

P

= -25dBm per tone,

RFIN_

= 951MHz

f

LO

P

= -40dBm,

RFIN_

signals within filter bandwidth

= -65dBm, f

P

RFIN_

V

GC1

= 1V, V

adjusted 0.59Vp-p

GC2

baseband level

f

= 925MHz 10

RFIN_

f

= 2175MHz 10

RFIN_

IOUT_

IOUT_

925 2175 MHz

= +4V (min gain) -20 dBm

GC2

= +1V (max gain) -68 -65 dBm

GC2

fLO = 2175MHz 5

fLO = 1550MHz 7

f

= 950MHz 8

LO

15.5 dBm

2 dBV

= 1550MHz,

RFIN_

11.5 dB

, V

, V

QOUT_

QOUT_

27 dBc

31 38 dBc

dBm

dB