Rainbow Electronics MAX2051 User Manual

General Description

The MAX2051 high-linearity, up/downconversion mixer
provides +35dBm input IP3, 7.8dB noise figure (NF), and

7.4dB conversion loss for 850MHz to 1550MHz wireless
infrastructure and multicarrier cable head-end down­stream video, video-on-demand (VOD), and cable
modem termination systems (CMTS) applications. The
MAX2051 also provides excellent suppression of spuri­ous intermodulation products (> 77dBc at an RF level of

-14dBm), making it an ideal downconverter for DOCSIS

®

3.0 and Euro DOCSIS cable head-end systems. With an
LO circuit tuned to support frequencies ranging from
1200MHz to 2250MHz, the MAX2051 is ideal for high­side LO injection applications over an IF frequency
range of 50MHz to 1000MHz.

In addition to offering excellent linearity and noise per­formance, the MAX2051 also yields a high level of com­ponent integration. The device integrates baluns in the
RF and LO ports, which allow for a single-ended RF
input and a single-ended LO input. The MAX2051
requires a typical LO drive of 0dBm and a supply cur­rent guaranteed to below 130mA.

The MAX2051 is available in a compact 5mm x 5mm,
20-pin thin QFN package with an exposed pad.
Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended
temperature range, from TC= -40°C to +85°C.

Applications

Video-on-Demand and DOCSIS-Compatible
Edge QAM Modulation

Cable Modem Termination Systems

Microwave and Fixed Broadband Wireless
Access

Microwave Links

Military Systems

Predistortion Receivers

Private Mobile Radios

Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN)
Base Stations

WiMAX™ Base Stations and Customer Premise
Equipment

Wireless Local Loop

Features

♦ 850MHz to 1550MHz RF Frequency Range

♦ 1200MHz to 2250MHz LO Frequency Range

♦ 50MHz to 1000MHz IF Frequency Range

♦ DOCSIS 3.0 and Euro DOCSIS Compatible

♦ 7.4dB Typical Conversion Loss

♦ 7.8dB Typical Noise Figure

♦ +24dBm Typical Input 1dB Compression Point

♦ +35dBm Typical Input IP3

♦ 88dBc Typical 2RF-LO Rejection at P

RF

= -14dBm

♦ Integrated LO Buffer

♦ Integrated RF and LO Baluns for Single-Ended

Inputs

♦ Low LO Drive (0dBm Nominal)

♦ External Current-Setting Resistor Provides Option

for Operating Device in Reduced-Power/
Reduced-Performance Mode

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

1

Pin Configuration/

Functional Block Diagram

Ordering Information

19-4582; Rev 0; 4/09

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

MAX2051ETP+ -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP*

MAX2051ETP+T -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP*

DOCSIS and CableLabs are registered trademarks of Cable
Television Laboratories, Inc. (CableLabs

®

).
iDEN is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc.
WiMAX is a trademark of WiMAX Forum.

+

Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.

*

EP = Exposed pad.

T = Tape and reel.

TOP VIEW

+

RF

1

GND

2

3

GND

GND

4

5

GND

*EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT EP TO GND.

GND

GND

20 19 17 16

MAX2051

67

CC

V

LOBIAS

IF-

GND

18

EP*

910

8

CC

V

GND

TQFN

IF+

GND

V

15

CC

14

GND

GND

13

LO

12

GND

11

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= +4.75V to +5.25V, no input AC signals. TC= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical val-

ues are at V

CC

= +5.0V, TC= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Note 1: Based on junction temperature TJ= TC+ (θJCx VCCx ICC). This formula can be used when the temperature of the exposed

pad is known while the device is soldered down to a PCB. See the

Applications Information

section for details. The junction

temperature must not exceed +150°C.

Note 2: Junction temperature T

J

= TA+ (θJAx VCCx ICC). This formula can be used when the ambient temperature of the PCB is

known. The junction temperature must not exceed +150°C.

Note 3: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-

layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial

.

Note 4: T

C

is the temperature on the exposed pad of the package. TAis the ambient temperature of the device and PCB.

V

CC

to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V

RF, LO to GND.........................................................-0.3V to 0.3V

IF+, IF-, LOBIAS to GND ............................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

RF, LO Input Power ........................................................+20dBm

RF, LO Current (RF and LO is DC shorted to GND

through balun).................................................................50mA

Continuous Power Dissipation (Note 1) ........................2100mW

θ

JA

(Notes 2, 3)..............................................................+33°C/W

θ

JC

(Note 3)........................................................................8°C/W

Operating Case Temperature Range

(Note 4) ...................................................T

C

= -40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

RECOMMENDED AC OPERATING CONDITIONS

Supply Voltage V

Supply Current I

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

CC

CC

Total supply current 105 130 mA

4.75 5 5.25 V

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

RF Frequency f

LO Frequency f

IF Frequency f

LO Drive Level P

RF

LO

IF

LO

(Notes 5, 6) 850 1550 MHz

(Note 5) 1200 2250 MHz

Meeting RF and LO frequency ranges; IF
matching components affect the IF
frequency range (Note 5)

50 1000 MHz

-3 +9 dBm

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (DOWNCONVERTER OPERATION)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO= -3dBm to +3dBm,

P

RF

= 0dBm, fRF= 1000MHz to 1250MHz, fLO= 1200MHz to 2250MHz, fIF= 50MHz to 1000MHz, fRF< fLO, TC= -40°C to +85°C.

Typical values are at V

CC

= +5.0V, PRF= 0dBm, PLO= 0dBm, fRF=1200MHz, fLO= 1700MHz, fIF= 500MHz, TC=+25°C, unless oth-

erwise noted.) (Note 7)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Conversion Power Loss L

Conversion Power Loss
Temperature Coefficient

Conversion Power Loss Variation
vs. Frequency

Noise Figure NF

Input 1dB Compression Point IP

Third-Order Input Intercept Point IIP3

2RF-LO Spurious Rejection 2 x 1

2LO-2RF Spurious Rejection 2 X 2

TC

ΔL

C

SSB

1dB

fRF = 1200MHz, fLO = 1700MHz,
f

= 500MHz, TC = +25°C (Notes 8, 9)

IF

TC = -40°C to +85°C 0.01 dB/°C

L

fLO = 1200MHz to 2250MHz ± 0.5 dB

C

Single sideband 7.8 dB

V

= + 5.0V ,

C C

f

= 1200M H z,

R F1

= 1201M H z,

f

R F2

P

= 0d Bm tone,

R F

= 1562M H z, P LO = 0d Bm , TC = +25°C,

f

LO

f

= 362M H z ( N otes 8, 9)

IF

Single tone, fRF =1200MHz,
f

= 192.5MHz to 857.5MHz,

IF

= 1392.5MHz to 2057.5MHz,

f

LO

P

= +3dBm, resultant

LO

= 1007.5MHz to 342.5MHz

f

SPUR

(Notes 8, 9, 10)

Single tone, f

= 857.5MHz to 1000MHz,

f

IF

f

= 2057.5MHz to 2200MHz,

LO

= +3dBm, resultant

P

LO

f

= 342.5MHz to 200MHz

SPUR

=1200MHz,

RF

(Notes 8, 9, 10)

Single tone, fRF =1200MHz,

= 97.5MHz to 430MHz,

f

IF

f

= 1297.5MHz to 1630MHz,

LO

= +3dBm, resultant

P

LO

f

= 195MHz to 860MHz

SPUR

(Notes 8, 9, 10)

Single tone, f
f

= 430MHz to 525MHz,

IF

= 1630MHz to 1725MHz,

f

LO

P

= +3dBm, resultant

LO

= 860MHz to 1050MHz

f

SPUR

=1200MHz,

RF

(Notes 8, 9, 10)

PRF =

-14dBm

PRF =

-10dBm

P

=

RF

0dBm

PRF =

-14dBm

PRF =

-10dBm

P

=

RF

0dBm

PRF =

-14dBm

PRF =

-10dBm

=

P

RF

0dBm

PRF =

-14dBm

PRF =

-10dBm

P

=

RF

0dBm

33 35 dBm

73 88

69 84

59 74

74 78

70 74

60 64

68 79

64 75

54 65

71.5 77.4

67.5 73.4

57.5 63.4

7.4 9 dB

24 dBm

dBc

dBc

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (DOWNCONVERTER OPERATION) (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO= -3dBm to +3dBm,

P

RF

= 0dBm, fRF= 1000MHz to 1250MHz, fLO= 1200MHz to 2250MHz, fIF= 50MHz to 1000MHz, fRF< fLO, TC= -40°C to +85°C.

Typical values are at V

CC

= +5.0V, PRF= 0dBm, PLO= 0dBm, fRF=1200MHz, fLO= 1700MHz, fIF= 500MHz, TC=+25°C, unless oth-

erwise noted.) (Note 7)

3LO-3RF Spurious Rejection 3 x 3

LO Leakage at RF Port PLO = +3dBm (Notes 6, 8) -33.5 -27.5 dBm

LO Leakage at IF Port PLO = +3dBm (Notes 8, 9) -26.3 -22.9 dBm

RF-to-IF Isolation f

RF Input Impedance Z

RF Input Return Loss

LO Input Impedance Z

LO Input Return Loss

IF Output Impedance Z

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Single tone, f
50MHz < f
1250MHz < f
(Notes 8, 9)

= 1200M H z, P

R F

RF

LO on and IF terminated with a matched
impedance

LO

RF and IF terminated with a matched
impedance (Note 11)

Nominal differential impedance at the IC’s

IF

IF outputs

= 1200MHz,

RF

< 1000MHz,

IF

< 2200MHz

LO

L O

= + 3d Bm ( N otes 8, 9) 24 51 dB

PRF =

-14dBm

PRF =

-10dBm

P

= 0dBm 59.5 73

RF

87.5 101

79.5 93

50 Ω

12 dB

50 Ω

11 dB

50 Ω

dBc

IF Output Return Loss

RF ter m i nated i nto 50Ω , LO d r i ven b y 50Ω
sour ce, IF tr ansfor m ed to 50Ω si ng l e- end ed
usi ng exter nal com p onents show n i n the

Typ i cal Ap p l i cati on C i r cui t

15 dB

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (UPCONVERTER OPERATION)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, fRF< fLO. Typical values are at VCC= +5.0V, PIF= 0dBm,

P

LO

= 0dBm, fRF= 1250MHz, fLO= 1600MHz fIF= 350MHz, TC=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)

Note 5: Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some parameters. See the

Typical Operating

Characteristics

section.

Note 6: Not production tested.
Note 7: All values reflect losses of external components, including a 0.6dB loss at f

IF

= 350MHz and a 0.8dB loss at

f

IF

= 1000MHz due to the 1:1 transformer. Output measurements were taken at IF outputs of the

Typical Application Circuit

.

Note 8: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 9: 100% production tested for functionality.
Note 10: Additional improvements (of up to 4dB to 6dB) in spurious responses can be made by increasing the LO drive to +6dBm.
Note 11: The LO return loss can be improved by tuning C9 to offset any parasitics within the specific application circuit. Typical

range of C9 is 10pF to 50pF.

Conversion Power Loss L

Third-Order Input Intercept
Point

LO-2IF Spurious Rejection 61 dBc

LO+2IF Spurious Rejection 63.3 dBc

LO-3IF Spurious Rejection 78 dBc

LO+3IF Spurious Rejection 79 dBc

LO Leakage at RF Port PLO = +3dBm -35.7 dBm

IF Leakage at RF Port -52 dBm

RF Return Loss 12.3 dB

IF Input Return Loss fLO = 1200MHz 18 dB

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

7.5 dB

C

IIP3 f

= 350M H z, f

IF1

= 351M H z, P IF = 0d Bm /tone 33.4 dBm

IF2

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Downconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PRF= 0dBm, fRF= 1200MHz, LO is high-side

injected, T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

10

CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

10

CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

10

9

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

TC = +85°C

8

7

TC = -40°C

6

5

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

37

36

35

34

IIP3 (dBm)

33

32

31

30

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

TC = +25°C

PRF = 0dBm/TONE

TC = +25°C, +85°C

TC = -40°C

810620430240

81062043024050 1000

MAX2051 toc01

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

MAX2051 toc04

IIP3 (dBm)

9

8

7

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

6

5

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

37

36

35

34

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

33

32

31

30

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm/TONE

81062043024050 1000

MAX2051 toc02

MAX2051 toc05

9

8

7

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

6

5

37

36

35

34

IIP3 (dBm)

33

32

31

30

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

VCC = 5.25V

VCC = 5.0V

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm/TONE

VCC = 4.75V

81062043024050 1000

MAX2051 toc03

MAX2051 toc06

2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

90

TC = -40°C

80

70

TC = +25°C

2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc)

60

50

50 1000

TC = +85°C

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm

810620430240

MAX2051 toc07

2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc)

2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

90

PLO = +3dBm

80

70

PLO = -3dBm

60

50

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm

PLO = 0dBm

810620430240

MAX2051 toc08

2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

90

80

70

2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc)

60

50

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm

MAX2051 toc09

810620430240

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Downconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PRF= 0dBm, fRF= 1200MHz, LO is high-side

injected, T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

_______________________________________________________________________________________

7

2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

85

75

65

2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

50 1000

TC = -40°C, +25°C, +85°C

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

85

75

PRF = 0dBm

810620430240

PRF = 0dBm

85

MAX2051 toc10

75

65

2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

85

MAX2051 toc13

75

2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

PRF = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

PLO = -3dBm

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PLO = 0dBm

810620430240

3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

PRF = 0dBm

MAX2051 toc11

MAX2051 toc14

2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

85

75

65

2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

50 1000

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

85

75

PRF = 0dBm

810620430240

PRF = 0dBm

MAX2051 toc12

MAX2051 toc15

65

3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

TC = -40°C, +25°C, +85°C

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

-10

-20

-30

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)

-50
1250 2200

TC = -40°C, +25°C, +85°C

2010182016301440

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

65

3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

50 1000

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-10

MAX2051 toc16

-20

-30

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)

-50
1250 2200

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

810620430240

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

2010182016301440

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

65

3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)

55

45

50 1000

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-10

MAX2051 toc17

-20

-30

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)

-50
1250 2200

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

810620430240

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

2010182016301440

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

MAX2051 toc18

MAX2051

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Downconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PRF= 0dBm, fRF= 1200MHz, LO is high-side

injected, T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

80

70

60

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

80

70

60

fRF = 1200MHz

TC = +85°C

MAX2051 toc19

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

80

70

60

fRF = 1200MHz

MAX2051 toc20

fRF = 1200MHz

MAX2051 toc21

50

40

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)

30

20

1250 2200

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

2010182016301440

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

-20

-25

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

20101820163014401250 2200

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

0

5

10

15

fIF = 200MHz

50

40

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)

30

20

1250 2200

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-20

-25

MAX2051 toc22

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50

RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY

0

MAX2051 toc25

5

10

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

fIF = 50MHz TO 1000MHz

fRF = 1400MHz

fRF = 1300MHz

2010182016301440

20101820163014401250 2200

50

40

RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)

30

20

1250 2200

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-20

-25

MAX2051 toc23

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50

IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

0

MAX2051 toc26

5

10

15

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

2010182016301440

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

MAX2051 toc24

20101820163014401250 2200

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

MAX2051 toc27

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

20

RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

25

30

1000 1500

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

1400130012001100

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

15

RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

20

1100 2400

fRF = 1200MHz

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

fRF = 1100MHz

207517501425

20

IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

25

30

50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

_______________________________________________________________________________________

9

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Downconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PRF= 0dBm, fRF= 1200MHz, LO is high-side

injected, T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

LO PORT RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

0

5

PLO = -3dBm

10

15

LO PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

20

1200 2500

PLO = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

2RF-LO vs. IF FREQUENCY

(ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)

-60
DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

-65

OPEN

1.0pF

-70

-75

2RF-LO (dBc)

-80

-85

1.5pF

2.0pF

50 950

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

1.0pF

1.5pF

2.0pF

-60

-65

-70

-75

2RF-LO (dBc)

-80

-85

MAX2051 toc28

2240198017201460

PRF = 0dBm

MAX2051 toc31

OPEN

770590410230

2RF-LO vs. IF FREQUENCY

(VARIOUS LO DRIVE LEVELS)

DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

PLO = -3dBm

PLO = 0dBm

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. EXPOSED PAD

TEMPERATURE (T

130

120

110

100

90

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

80

70

(DOWNCONVERSION MODE)

VCC = 5.25V

VCC = 4.75V

-40 85
EXPOSED PAD TEMPERATURE (°C)

C

VCC = 5.0V

2LO-2RF vs. IF FREQUENCY

(ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)

-50
DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

-55

-60

-65

2LO-2RF (dBc)

-70

-75

50 950

PLO = +3dBm

PLO = +6dBm

PLO = +9dBm

OPEN

2.0pF

1.0pF

1.0pF, 1.5pF, 2.0pF

1.5pF

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

-50

MAX2051 toc34

-55

-60

-65

2LO-2RF (dBc)

-70

-75

DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

)

40

MAX2051 toc29

603510-15

PRF = 0dBm

MAX2051 toc32

OPEN

770590410230

38

36

34

IIP3 (dBm)

32

30

28

26

-50

-55

-60

-65

3LO-3RF (dBc)

-70

-75

-80

2LO-2RF vs. IF FREQUENCY

(VARIOUS LO DRIVE LEVELS)

PLO = -3dBm

PLO = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

PLO = +6dBm

PLO = +9dBm

IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY

(ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)

DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

1.0pF LSB, USB

OPEN LSB, USB

50 1050

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PRF = 0dBm/TONE

1.5pF LSB, USB

2.0pF LSB, USB

850650450250

3LO-3RF vs. IF FREQUENCY

(ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)

DOWNCONVERSION MODE

fRF = 1200MHz

OPEN

1.0pF

1.5pF

2.0pF

50 950

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

MAX2051 toc35

PRF = 0dBm

1.5pF

2.0pF

1.0pF

OPEN

770590410230

MAX2051 toc30

MAX2051 toc33

-90
50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

-80
50 1000

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

810620430240

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

10 ______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Upconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PIF= 0dBm, fIF= 350MHz, LO is high-side injected,

T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

10

9

8

TC = +85°C

TC = +25°C

MAX2051 toc36

CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

10

9

8

MAX2051 toc37

CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

10

9

8

MAX2051 toc38

7

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

6

5

850 1550

TC = -40°C

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

40

38

36

34

INPUT IP3 (dBm)

32

30

28

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PIF = 0dBm/TONE

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

80

TC = +85°C

70

TC = +25°C

PIF = 0dBm

141012701130990

141012701130990850 1550

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

MAX2051 toc39

INPUT IP3 (dBm)

MAX2051 toc42

7

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

6

5

850 1550

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990

INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

40

38

36

34

32

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

30

28

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PIF = 0dBm/TONE

141012701130990850 1550

LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

80

70

PLO = 0dBm

PIF = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

MAX2051 toc40

MAX2051 toc43

7

CONVERSION LOSS (dB)

6

5

850 1550

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

40

VCC = 5.25V

38

36

34

INPUT IP3 (dBm)

32

30

28

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

PIF = 0dBm/TONE

VCC = 5.0V

VCC = 4.75V

LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

80

70

PIF = 0dBm

141012701130990

MAX2051 toc41

141012701130990850 1550

MAX2051 toc44

60

TC = -40°C

LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

40

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

60

LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

40

PLO = -3dBm

141012701130990850 1550

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

60

LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

40

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

______________________________________________________________________________________

11

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Upconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PIF= 0dBm, fIF= 350MHz, LO is high-side injected,

T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX2051 toc45

LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

60

70

80

40

LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

MAX2051 toc46

LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

60

70

80

40

LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

PLO = 0dBm

PLO = -3dBm

MAX2051 toc47

LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc)

50

60

70

80

40

LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

VCC = 5.25V

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V

MAX2051 toc48

70

80

90

100

60

LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

MAX2051 toc49

70

80

90

100

60

LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

MAX2051 toc50

70

80

90

100

60

LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

MAX2051 toc51

70

80

90

100

60

LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

MAX2051 toc52

70

80

90

100

60

LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

MAX2051 toc53

70

80

90

100

60

LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc)

LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

141012701130990850 1550

PIF = 0dBm

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

MAX2051 toc61

32023014050 410 500

IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

25

30

10

15

20

5

0

fLO = 1200MHz

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

12 ______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Upconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PIF= 0dBm, fIF= 350MHz, LO is high-side injected,

T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

-20

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

-20

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

-20

-25

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50
1200 1900

TC = -40°C

TC = +85°C

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

-30

TC = -40°C, +25°C, +85°C

-40

-50

-60

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-70

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

TC = +25°C

1760162014801340

17601620148013401200 1900

-25

MAX2051 toc54

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50
1200 1900

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-30

MAX2051 toc57

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

-40

-50

-60

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-70

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

1760162014801340

17601620148013401200 1900

-25

MAX2051 toc55

-30

-35

-40

LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-45

-50
1200 1900

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY

-30

MAX2051 toc58

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

-40

-50

-60

IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)

-70

MAX2051 toc56

VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V

1760162014801340

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

MAX2051 toc59

17601620148013401200 1900

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

0

5

10

15

20

RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

25

30

PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm

750 1650

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

fIF = 350MHz

1500135012001050900

MAX2051 toc60

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

______________________________________________________________________________________ 13

Pin Description

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Upconversion mode, VCC= +5.0V, PLO= 0dBm, PIF= 0dBm, fIF= 350MHz, LO is high-side injected,

T

C

=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

PIN NAME FUNCTION

1RF

2–5, 9, 10, 11,

13, 14

6, 8, 15 V

7 LOBIAS

12 LO

16, 17 IF+, IF- Differential IF Output

18, 19, 20 GND Ground. Not internally connected. Ground these pins or leave unconnected.

—EP

IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY

0

10

20

30

IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)

40

50

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

fLO = 1500MHz

IF FREQUENCY (MHz)

fLO = 1200MHz

fLO = 1900MHz

32023014050 410 500

MAX2051 toc62

LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY

0

5

10

LO RETURN LOSS (dB)

15

20

(UPCONVERSION MODE)

PLO = -3dBm

1100 1250 2000

LO FREQUENCY (MHz)

PLO = 0dBm

PLO = +3dBm

1850170015501400

Single-Ended 50Ω RF Input. Internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Requires
an input DC-blocking capacitor.

GND

CC

Ground. Internally connected to the exposed pad. Connect all ground pins and the exposed pad
(EP) together.

Power Supply. Bypass to GND with capacitors as close as possible to the pin (see the Typical
Application Circuit).

LO Amplifier Bias Control. Output bias resistor for the LO buffer. Connect a 61.9Ω ±1% resistor
from LOBIAS to V

to set the bias current for the main LO amplifier.

CC

Local Oscillator Input. This input is internally matched to 50Ω. Requires an input DC-blocking
capacitor.

Exposed Pad. Internally connected to GND. Solder this exposed pad to a PCB pad that uses
multiple ground vias to provide heat transfer out of the device into the PCB ground planes. These
multiple ground vias are also required to achieve the noted RF performance.

MAX2051 toc63

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz
Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

14 ______________________________________________________________________________________

Detailed Description

The MAX2051 high-linearity up/downconversion mixer
provides +35dBm of IIP3, with a typical 7.8dB noise fig­ure (NF) and 7.4dB conversion loss. The integrated
baluns and matching circuitry allow for 50Ω single­ended interfaces to the RF and the LO ports. The inte­grated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer
core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX2051’s
input to a -3dBm to +3dBm range. The IF port incorpo­rates a differential output, which is ideal for providing
enhanced 2RF-LO and 2LO-2RF performance. 2RF-LO
rejection is typically 88dB and 2LO-2RF rejection is typ­ically 79dB at an RF drive level of -14dBm.

Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency
ranges to allow for use in VOD, DOCSIS-compatible
Edge QAM modulation, and CMTS. The MAX2051 is
specified to operate over an RF input range of 850MHz
to 1550MHz, an LO range of 1200MHz to 2250MHz,
and an IF range of 50MHz to 1000MHz.

RF Port and Balun

The MAX2051 RF input provides a 50Ω match when com­bined with a series 47pF DC-blocking capacitor. This DC­blocking capacitor is required because the input is
internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip
balun. The RF port input return loss is typically 12dB over
the RF frequency range of 1000MHz to 1250MHz.

LO Inputs, Buffer, and Balun

The MAX2051 is optimized for high-side LO injection
applications with a 1200MHz to 2550MHz LO frequency
range. The LO input is internally matched to 50Ω,
requiring only a 47pF DC-blocking capacitor. A two­stage internal LO buffer allows for a -3dBm to +3dBm
LO input power range. The on-chip low-loss balun,
along with an LO buffer, drives the double-balanced
mixer. All interfacing and matching components from
the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip.

High-Linearity Mixer

The core of the MAX2051 is a double-balanced, high­performance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is pro­vided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO
buffer. IIP3, 2RF-LO rejection, and noise figure perfor­mance are typically +35dBm, 88dBc, and 7.8dB,
respectively.

Differential IF Output

The MAX2051 has an IF frequency range of 50MHz to
1000MHz. The device’s differential ports are ideal for
providing enhanced 2RF-LO performance. Single­ended IF applications require a 1:1 (impedance ratio)
balun to transform the 50Ω differential IF impedance to
a 50Ω single-ended system.

Applications Information

Input and Output Matching

The RF and LO ports are designed to operate in a 50Ω
system. Use DC blocks at RF and LO inputs to isolate
the ports from external DC while providing some reac­tive tuning. The IF output impedance is 50Ω (differen-
tial). For evaluation, an external low-loss 1:1 balun
transforms this impedance to a 50Ω single-ended out­put (see the

Typical Application Circuit

).

Externally Adjustable Bias

Bias currents for the LO buffer is optimized by fine-tun­ing resistor R1. The value for R1, as listed in Table 1,
represents the nominal value, which yields the optimal
linearity/performance trade off. Use larger value resis­tors (up to 125Ω) to reduce power dissipation at the
expense of some performance loss. Use smaller value
resistors (down to 0Ω) to increase the linearity of the
device at the expense of more power. Contact the fac­tory for details concerning recommended power reduc­tion vs. performance trade-offs. If ±1% resistors are not
readily available, ±5% resistors can be substituted.

Table 1. Component Values

DESIGNATION QTY DESCRIPTION SUPPLIER

C1, C9 2 47pF microwave capacitors (0402) Murata Electronics North America, Inc.

C2 1 1.3pF microwave capacitor (0402) Murata Electronics North America, Inc.

C3, C4 2 150pF microwave capacitors (0402) Murata Electronics North America, Inc.

C5, C7, C10 3 100pF microwave capacitors (0402) Murata Electronics North America, Inc.

C6, C8, C11 3 0.01µF microwave capacitors (0402) Murata Electronics North America, Inc.

R1 1 61.9Ω ±1% resistor (0402) Digi-Key Corp.

T1 1 1:1 transformer (50:50) MABACT0060 M/A-Com, Inc.

U1 1 MAX2051 IC (20 TQFN-EP) Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

MAX2051

IIP3 and Spurious Optimization by

External IF Tuning

IIP3 linearity and spurious performance can be further
optimized by modifying the capacitive loading on the IF
ports. The default component value of 1.3pF for C2 (list­ed in Table 1) was chosen to provide the best overall
IIP3 linearity response over the entire 50MHz to
1000MHz band. Alternative capacitor values can be
chosen to improve the device’s 2RF-LO, 2LO-2RF, and
3LO-3RF spurious responses at the expense of overall
IIP3 performance. See the relevant curves in the

Typical Operating Characteristics

section to evaluate

the IIP3 vs. spurious performance trade-offs.

Spurious Optimization by

Increased LO Drive Levels

The MAX2051’s 2RF-LO, 2LO-2RF, and 3LO-3RF spuri­ous performance can also be improved by increasing
the LO drive level to the device. The

Typical Application

Circuit

calls for a nominal LO drive level of 0dBm.
However, enhancements in the device’s spurious per­formance are possible with increased drive levels
extending up to +9dBm. See the relevant curves in the

Typical Operating Characteristics

section to evaluate

the spurious performance vs. LO drive level trade-offs.

Layout Considerations

A properly designed PCB is an essential part of any
RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as
possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance.

The load impedance presented to the mixer must be
such that any capacitance from both IF- and IF+ to
ground is minimized. For the best performance, route
the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad
under the package. The PCB exposed pad MUST be
connected to the ground plane of the PCB. It is sug­gested that multiple vias be used to connect this pad to
the lower level ground planes. This method provides a
good RF/thermal-conduction path for the device. Solder
the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package
to the PCB. The MAX2051 evaluation kit can be used as
a reference for board layout. Gerber files are available
upon request at www.maxim-ic.com.

Power-Supply Bypassing

Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for high­frequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCCpin with
the capacitors shown in the

Typical Application Circuit

and see Table 1 for descriptions.

Exposed Pad RF/Thermal Considerations

The exposed pad (EP) of the MAX2051’s 20-pin thin
QFN package provides a low thermal-resistance path
to the die. It is important that the PCB on which the
MAX2051 is mounted be designed to conduct heat
from the EP. In addition, provide the EP with a low­inductance path to electrical ground. The EP MUST be
soldered to a ground plane on the PCB, either directly
or through an array of plated via holes.

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

______________________________________________________________________________________ 15

MAX2051

SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz

Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

16

____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600

© 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

Chip Information

PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS

Typical Application Circuit

Package Information

For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go
to www.maxim-ic.com/packages

.

PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO.

20 Thin QFN-EP T2055+3

21-0140

T1

IF

GND

+

20 19 17 16

C1

RF

*EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT EP TO GND.

RF

1

GND

2

GND

3

GND

4

GND

5

MAX2051

6

CC

V

CC

V

C5 C6 C7 C8

GND

7

LOBIAS

R1

18

EP*

GND

8

CC

V

C3

IF-

910

GND

C4

C2

IF+

V

CC

V

CC

GND

15

GND

14

GND

13

LO

12

GND

11

V

CC

C10

C9

C11

LO