Rainbow Electronics MAX2038 User Manual

General Description

The MAX2038 8-channel variable-gain amplifier (VGA)
and programmable octal mixer array is designed for
high linearity, high dynamic range, and low noise per­formance targeting ultrasound imaging and Doppler
applications. Each amplifier features differential inputs
and outputs and a total gain range of 42dB (typ). In
addition, the VGAs offer very low output-referred noise
performance suitable for interfacing with 12-bit ADCs.

The MAX2038 VGA is optimized for less than ±0.25dB
absolute gain error to ensure minimal channel-to-chan­nel ultrasound beamforming focus error. The device’s
differential outputs are designed to directly drive ultra­sound ADCs through an external passive anti-aliasing
filter. A switchable clamp is also provided at each
amplifier’s output to limit the output signals, thereby
preventing ADC overdrive or saturation.

Dynamic performance of the device is optimized to
reduce distortion to support second-harmonic imaging.
The device achieves a second-harmonic distortion
specification of -70dBc at V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

and f

IN

=
5MHz and an ultrasound-specific*, two-tone, third-order
intermodulation distortion specification of -52dBc at
V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

and f

IN

= 5MHz.

The MAX2038 also integrates an octal quadrature mixer
array and programmable LO phase generators for a
complete CW beamforming solution. The LO phase
selection for each channel can be programmed using a
digital serial interface and a single high-frequency clock
or the LOs for each complex mixer pair can be directly
driven using separate 4 x LO clocks. The serial interface
is designed to allow multiple devices to be easily daisy
chained to minimize program interface wiring. The LO
phase dividers can be programmed to allow 4, 8, or 16
quadrature phases. The input path of each CW mixer
consists of a selectable lowpass filter for optimal CWD
noise performance. The outputs of the mixers are
summed into I and Q differential current outputs. The
mixers and LO generators are designed to have excep­tionally low noise performance of -155dBc/Hz at 1kHz
offset from a 1.25MHz carrier.

The MAX2038 operates from a +5.0V power supply,
consuming only 120mW/channel in VGA mode and
269mW/channel in normal power CW mode. A low­power CW mode is also available and consumes only
226mW/channel. The device is available in a lead-free
100-pin TQFP package (14mm x 14mm x 1mm) with an
exposed pad. Electrical performance is guaranteed
over a 0°C to +70°C temperature range.

Applications

Ultrasound Imaging Sonar

Features

o 8-Channel Configuration
o High Integration for Ultrasound Imaging

Applications

o Pin Compatible with the MAX2037 Ultrasound VGA
VGA Features

o Maximum Gain, Gain Range, and Output-Referred

Noise Optimized for Interfacing with 12-Bit ADCs

Maximum Gain of 29.5dB
Total Gain Range of 42dB
22nV/√√Hz Ultra-Low Output-Referred Noise at
5MHz

o ±0.25dB Absolute Gain Error
o 120mW Consumption per Channel
o Switchable Output VGA Clamp Eliminating ADC

Overdrive

o Fully Differential VGA Outputs for Direct ADC

Drive

o Variable Gain Range Achieves 42dB Dynamic

Range

o -70dBc HD2 at V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

and fIN= 5MHz

o Two-Tone Ultrasound-Specific* IMD3 of

-52dBc at V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

and fIN= 5MHz

CW Doppler Mixer Features
o Low Mixer Noise of -155dBc/Hz at 1kHz Offset

from 1.25MHz Carrier

o Serial-Programmable LO Phase Generator for 4, 8,

16 LO Quadrature Phase Resolution

o Optional Individual Channel 4 x fLOLO Input

Drive Capability

o 269mW Power Consumption per Channel (Normal

Power Mode) and 226mW Power Consumption
per Channel (Low-Power Mode)

o CWD Implementation Is Fully Compliant with All

Patents Related to Ultrasound Imaging
Techniques

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated

with CW Octal Mixer

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

1

Ordering Information

19-4375; Rev 0; 1/09

EVALUATION KIT

AVAILABLE

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

+

Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
D = Dry packing.
T = Tape and reel.

*

EP = Exposed pad.

Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.

*

See the Ultrasound-Specific IMD3 Specification in the

Applications Information section.

PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

MAX2038CCQ+D 0°C to +70°C 100 TQFP-EP*

MAX2038CCQ+TD 0°C to +70°C 100 TQFP-EP*

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated
with CW Octal Mixer

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—VGA MODE

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Figure 7. V

CC

= V

REF =

4.75V to 5.25V, V

CM

= (3/5)V

REF

, T

A =

0°C to +70°C, V

GND

= 0, LOW_PWR = 0,
M4_EN = 0, CW_FILTER = 0 or 1, TMODE = 0, PD = 0, CW_VG = 1, CW_M1 = 0, CW_M2 = 0, no RF signals applied, capacitance to
GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF,
R

L =

1kΩ, CW mixer outputs pulled up to +11V through four separate ±0.1% 115Ω resistors, all CW channels programmed off.

Typical values are at V

CC

= V

REF

= 5V, T

A =

+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

VCC, V

REF

to GND .................................................-0.3V to +5.5V

Any Other Pins to GND...............................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

CW Mixer Output Voltage to GND (CW_IOUT+, CW_IOUT-,

CW_QOUT+, CW_QOUT-) ................................................13V

VGA Differential Input Voltage (VGIN_+, VGIN_-)............8.0V

P-P

Analog Gain Control Differential Input Voltage

(VG_CTL+, VG_CTL-) ..................................................8.0V

P-P

CW Mixer Differential Input Voltage

(CWIN_+, CWIN_-).......................................................8.0V

P-P

CW Mixer LVDS LO Differential Input Voltage..................8.0V

P-P

Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)

100-Pin TQFP (derated 45.5mW/°C above +70°C)...3636.4mW

Operating Temperature Range...............................0°C to +70°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

θ

JC

(Note 1) .....................................................................+2°C/W

θ

JA

(Note 1) ...................................................................+22°C/W

Storage Temperature Range .............................-40°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-

layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial

.

VGA MODE

Supply Voltage Range V

VCC External Reference

Total Power-Supply Current

VCC Supply Current I

V

REF

Current Consumption per
Amplifier Channel

Differential Analog Control
Voltage Range

Differential Analog Control
Common-Mode Voltage

Analog Control Input
Source/Sink Current

LOGIC INPUTS

CMOS Input High Voltage V

CMOS Input Low Voltage V

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDTIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Current I

CC

V

REF

VCC

REF

V

CM

IH

IL

(Note 3) 4.75 5 5.25 V

Refers to VCC supply
current plus V

Refers to VCC supply current 24 27 mA

Minimum gain +2

Maximum gain -2

REF

current

PD = 0 204 231

PD =1 27 33

4.75 5 5.25 V

2.85 3 3.15 V

2.3 V

mA

192 216 mA

12 15 mA

V

4.5 5 mA

0.8 V

P-P

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated

with CW Octal Mixer

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—CW MIXER MODE

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Figure 7. V

CC

= V

REF =

4.75V to 5.25V, T

A =

0°C to +70°C, V

GND

= 0, LOW_PWR = 0,
M4_EN = 0, CW_FILTER = 0 or 1, TMODE = 0, PD = 0, CW_VG = 0, CW_M1 = 0, CW_M2 = 0, no RF signals applied,
capacitance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF,
R

L =

1kΩ, CW mixer outputs pulled up to +11V through four separate ±0.1% 115Ω resistors. Typical values are at VCC= V

REF

= 5V,

T

A =

+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

CW MIXER MODE

Current in Full-Power Mode
5V V

Current in Full-Power Mode
11V V

Current in Full-Power Mode
5V V

Power Dissipation in Full-Power
Mode

Current in Low-Power Mode
5V V

Current in Low-Power Mode
11V V

Current in Low-Power Mode
5V V

Power Dissipation in Low-Power
Mode

Mixer LVDS LO Input Common­Mode Voltage

LVDS LO Differential Input
Voltage

LVDS LO Input
Common-Mode Current

LVDS LO Differential
Input Resistance

Mixer IF Common-Mode Output
Current

DATA Output High Voltage

DATA Output Low Voltage

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDTIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Supply

CC

Supply

MIX

Supply

REF

Supply

CC

Supply

MIX

Supply

REF

I

CC_FP

I

MIX_FP

I

REF_FP

P

DISS_FP

I

CC_LP

I

MIX_LP

I

REF_LP

P

DISS_LP

Refer s to V

Refer s to V

Refer s to V

Total power dissipation (all 8 channels
including both 5V (V
mixer pullup supply power dissipation in the
device) (Note 4)

LOW _P WR = 1; r efer s to V
( al l 8 channel s)

LOW _P WR = 1; r efer s to V
( al l 8 channel s)

LOW _P WR = 1; r efer s to V
( al l 8 channel s)

LOW_PWR = 1; total power dissipation
(all 8 channels including both 5V (V
V

REF

dissipation in the device) (Note 4)

Modes 1 and 2 (Note 5)

Modes 1 and 2 200 700 mV

Per pin 150 200 µA

Modes 1 and 2 (Note 6) 30 kΩ

Common-mode current in each of the
differential mixer outputs (Note 7)

DOUT voltage when terminated in DIN
(daisy chain) (Note 8)

DOUT voltage when terminated in DIN
(daisy chain) (Note 8)

sup p l y cur r ent ( al l 8 channel s) 245 265 mA

C C

sup p l y c ur r ent ( al l 8 channel s) 106 120 mA

M IX

sup p l y c ur r ent ( al l 8 channel s) 17 21 mA

RE F

and V

CC

C C

M IX

R E F

) and 11V mixer pullup supply power

) and 11V

REF

sup p l y cur r ent

sup p l y cur r ent

sup p l y cur r ent

CC

and

2.15 2.41 W

245 265 mA

53 60 mA

17 21 mA

1.81 2.06 W

1.25
±0.2

3.25 3.75 mA

4.5 V

0.5 V

V

P-P

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated
with CW Octal Mixer

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—VGA MODE

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Figure 7. VCC= V

REF

= 4.75V to 5.25V, V

CM

= (3/5)V

REF

, TA= 0°C to +70°C, V

GND

= 0, LOW_PWR = 0,

M4_EN = 0, CW_FILTER = 1, TMODE = 0, PD = 0, CW_VG = 1, CW_M1 = 0, CW_M2 = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, f

RF

= fLO/16 =
5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF,
R

L

= 1kΩ, CW mixer outputs pulled up to +11V through four separate ±0.1% 115Ω resistors, differential mixer inputs are driven from

a low impedance source. Typical values are at V

CC

= V

REF

= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Mode Select Response Time

VGA MODE

Full-Scale Bandwidth f

Small-Signal Bandwidth f

Differential Input Resistance R

Input Effective Capacitance C

Differential Output Resistance R

Maximum Gain +29.5 dB

Minimum Gain -12.5 dB

Gain Range 42 dB

Absolute Gain Error

VGA Gain Response Time 40dB gain change to within 1dB final value 1 µs

Input-Referred Noise

Output-Referred Noise

Second Harmonic HD2

Third-Order Intermodulation
Distortion

Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk

Maximum Output Voltage at
ClampON

-1.3dB

-1.3dB

IN

IN

OUT

IMD3

CW_VG set from logic 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1
(Note 9)

2µs

Differential output
capacitance is 10pF,

V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

,

1.3dB bandwidth,
gain = 10dB

V

= 1.5mV

OUT

P-P

gain = 10dB

capacitance to GND
at each single-ended
output is 60pF,

= 1kΩ

R

L

No capacitive load

= 1kΩ

R

L

, 3dB bandwidth,

18

29

30 MHz

170 200 230 Ω

fRF = 10MHz, each input to ground 15 pF

100 Ω

T

= +25°C, full gain range 0% to 100%,

A

V

= 5V

REF

VG_CTL set for maximum gain,
no input signal

±0.25 ±1.5 dB

2 nV/√Hz

No input signal 22

VG_CTL set for
+10dB of gain

V G_C LAM P _M OD E = 1, V G_C TL set for
+ 10d B of g ai n, f

V G_C LAM P _M OD E = 1, V G _C TL set for
+ 10d B of g ai n, f

V G_C LT set for + 10d B of g ai n, f

= 5.01MHz, V

f

R F2

V

= 5V (Note 3)

REF

V

OUT

= 1V

differential, f

P-P

VG_CTL set for +10dB of gain

VG_CLAMP_MODE = 0, VG_CTL set for
+20dB of gain, 350mV

V
offset

= 5M H z, V

R F

= 10M H z, V

R F

= 1.5V

OUT

P-P

= 1.5V

OUT

= 1.5V

OU T

OU T

RF1

,

P-P

= 10MHz,

R F

P-P

= 1.5V

= 5M H z,

differential input

, 1kHz

P - P

P - P

55

-70

-55 -65

-40 -52 dBc

-80 dB

2.4

MHz

nV/√Hz

dBc

V

P-P

d i ffer enti al

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated

with CW Octal Mixer

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—CW MIXER MODE

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Figure 7. VCC= V

REF

= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= 0°C to +70°C, V

GND

= 0, LOW_PWR = 0, M4_EN = 0,

CW_FILTER = 1, TMODE = 0, PD = 0, CW_VG = 0, CW_M1 = 0, CW_M2 = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, f

RF

= fLO/16 = 5MHz, capaci-

tance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, R

L

= 1kΩ, CW

mixer outputs pulled up to +11V through four separate ±0.1% 115Ω resistors, differential mixer inputs are driven from a low imped­ance source. Typical values are at V

CC

= V

REF

= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Maximum Output Voltage at
ClampOFF

CW MIXER MODE

Mixer RF Frequency Range 0.9 7.6 MHz

Mixer LO Frequency Range 1 7.5 MHz

Mixer IF Frequency Range 100 kHz

Maximum Input Voltage Range 1.8

Differential Input Resistance

Input-Referred Noise Voltage

Third-Order Intermodulation
Distortion

M i xe r O utp ut V ol tag e C om p l i ance (Note 11) 4.75 12 V

Channel-to-Channel Phase
Matching

Channel-to-Channel Gain
Matching

Transconductance (Note 13)

IMD3

VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, VG_CTL set for
+20dB of gain, 350mV

CW_FILTER = 0 633

CW_FILTER = 1 1440

M od e 3, fRF = fLO/4 = 1.25M H z, m easur ed at a
1kH z offset fr eq uency; cl utter tone at 0.9V
d i ffer enti al m easur ed at the m i xer i np ut

M od e 3, RF ter m i nated i nto 50Ω; f

1.25M H z, m easur ed at 1kH z offset

M od e 1, f
i np ut, D op p l er tone f
fr om cl utter tone, f

Measured under zero beat conditions,
f

= 5MHz, f

RF

Measured under zero beat conditions,
f

= 5MHz, fLO/16 = 5MHz (Note 12)

RF

CW_FILTER = 1 2.8

CW FILTER = 0

= 5M H z at 0.9V

RF 1

LO

/16 = 5MHz (Note 12)

LO

differential input

P-P

P - P

/4 =

L O

d i ffer enti al

P - P

= 5.01M H z at 25d Bc

RF 2

/16 = 5M H z ( N ote 10)

f

= 1.1MHz, 1V

RF

d i ffer enti al , fLO/16 = 1MHz

P - P

2.8

6

4.6

-50 dBc

±3.0 Degrees

±2 dB

2.8

V

d i ffer enti al

V

d i ffer enti al

nV/√Hz

mS

P-P

P-P

Ω

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated
with CW Octal Mixer

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—CW MIXER MODE (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, Figure 7. VCC= V

REF

= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= 0°C to +70°C, V

GND

= 0, LOW_PWR = 0, M4_EN = 0,

CW_FILTER = 1, TMODE = 0, PD = 0, CW_VG = 0, CW_M1 = 0, CW_M2 = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, f

RF

= fLO/16 = 5MHz, capaci-

tance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, R

L

= 1kΩ, CW

mixer outputs pulled up to +11V through four separate ±0.1% 115Ω resistors, differential mixer inputs are driven from a low imped­ance source. Typical values are at V

CC

= V

REF

= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

Note 2: Specifications at TA= +25°C and TA = +70°C are guaranteed by production test. Specifications at TA= 0°C are guaran-

teed by design and characterization.

Note 3: Noise performance of the device is dependent on the noise contribution from the supply to V

REF

. Use a low-noise supply for

V

REF

. V

CC

and V

REF

can be connected together to share the same supply voltage if the supply for V

CC

exhibits low noise.

Note 4: Total on-chip power dissipation is calculated as P

DISS

= V

CC

x ICC+ V

REF

x I

REF

+ [11V - (I

MIX

/4) x 115] x I

MIX

.

Note 5: Note that the LVDS CWD LO clocks are DC-coupled. This is to ensure immediate synchronization when the clock is first

turned on. An AC-coupled LO is problematic in that the RC time constant associated with the coupling capacitors and the
input impedance of the pin causes there to be a period of time (related to the RC time constant) when the DC level on the
chip side of the capacitor is outside the acceptable common-mode range and the LO swing does not exceed both the
logic thresholds required for proper operation. This problem associated with AC-coupling would cause an inability to
ensure synchronization among beam-forming channels. The LVDS signal is terminated differentially with an external 100Ω
resistor on the board.

Note 6: External 100Ω resistor terminates the LVDS differential signal path.

Note 7: The mixer common-mode current (3.25mA/channel) is specified as the common-mode current in each of the differential

mixer outputs (CW_QOUT+, CW_QOUT-, CW_IOUT+, CW_IOUT-).

Note 8: Specification guaranteed only for DOUT driving DIN of the next device in a daisy-chain fashion.

Note 9: This response time does not include the CW output highpass filter. When switching to VGA mode, the CW outputs stop

drawing current and the output voltage goes to the rail. If a highpass filter is used, the recovery time can be excessive and
a switching network is recommended as shown in the

Applications Information

section.

Note 10: See the

Ultrasound-Specific IMD3 Specification

in the

Applications Information

section.

Note 11: Mixer output-voltage compliance is the range of acceptable voltages allowed on the CW mixer outputs.

Note 12: Channel-to-channel gain-and-phase matching measured on 30 pieces during engineering characterization at room tem-

perature. Each mixer is used as a phase detector and produces a DC voltage in the IQ plane. The phase is given by the
angle of the vector drawn on that plane. Multiple channels from multiple parts are compared to each other to produce the
phase variation.

Note 13: Transconductance is defined as the quadrature summing of the CW differential output current at baseband divided by the

mixer’s input voltage.

SERIAL SHIFT REGISTER

Serial Shift Register
Programming Rate

Minimum Data Set-Up Time t

Minimum Data Hold Time t

Minimum Data Clock Time t

Minimum Data Clock Pulse Width
High

Minimum Data Clock Pulse Width
Low

Minimum Load Line t

Minimum Load Line High to
Mixer Clock On

Minimum Data Clock to Load
Line High

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

DSU

HLD

DCLK

t

DCLKPWH

t

DCLKPWL

LD

t

MIXCLK

t

CLH

30 ns

2ns

100 ns

30 ns

30 ns

30 ns

30 ns

30 ns

10 MHz

MAX2038

Ultrasound VGA Integrated

with CW Octal Mixer

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Typical Operating Characteristics

(Figure 7, VCC= V

REF

= 4.75V to 5.25V, V

GND

= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF= 5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the

VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, R

L

= 1kΩ, TA= 0°C to +70°C. Typical

values are at V

CC

= V

REF

= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

0

1.0

0.5

2.0

1.5

3.0

2.5

3.5

4.5

4.0

5.0

0 5.0 7.52.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0

OVERDRIVE PHASE DELAY

vs. FREQUENCY

MAX2038 toc01

FREQUENCY (MHz)

OVERDRIVE PHASE DELAY (ns)

V

IN1

= 35mV

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

V

IN2

= 87.5mV

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

GAIN = 20dB

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

0755025 100 125 150 175 200

POWER-SUPPLY MODULATION RATIO

MAX2038 toc02

FREQUENCY (kHz)

PSMR (dBc)

V

OUT

= 1.5V

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

V

MOD

= 50mV

P-P

, f

CARRIER

= 5MHz,

GAIN = 10dB

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

-15 -5 5 15 25 35

TWO-TONE ULTRASOUND-SPECIFIC

IMD3 vs. GAIN

MAX2038 toc03

GAIN (dB)

IMD3 (dBc)

V

OUT

= 1V

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

f = 10MHz

f = 2MHz

f = 5MHz

-100

-80

-90

-60

-70

-40

-50

-30

-10

-20

0

-15 5-5 15 25 35

SECOND HARMONIC DISTORTION

vs. GAIN

MAX2038 toc04

GAIN (dB)

HD2 (dBc)

V

OUT

= 1V

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

f = 12MHz

f = 2MHz

f = 5MHz

-100

-80

-90

-60

-70

-40

-50

-30

-10

-20

0

-15 5-5 15 25 35

THIRD HARMONIC DISTORTION

vs. GAIN

MAX2038 toc05

GAIN (dB)

HD3 (dBc)

V

OUT

= 1V

P-P

DIFFERENTIAL

f = 12MHz

f = 2MHz

f = 5MHz

OVERLOAD RECOVERY TIME

MAX2038 toc06

DIFFERENTIAL
OUTPUT

1.0V/div

DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT

1.0V/div

400ns/div

f = 5MHz

OUTPUT 1V

P-P

TO OVERLOAD AND BACK TO 1V

P-P

OVERLOAD RECOVERY TIME

OUTPUT 100mV
AND BACK TO 100mV

P-P

TO OVERLOAD

P-P

400ns/div

MAX2038 toc07

f = 5MHz

DIFFERENTIAL
OUTPUT

2.0V/div

DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT

2.0V/div