Rainbow Electronics MAX15028 User Manual

Page 1
General Description
The MAX15027/MAX15028 low-dropout linear regulators operate from input voltages as low as 1.425V and deliver up to 1A of continuous output current with a typical dropout voltage of only 75mV. The output voltage is adjustable from 0.5V to V
IN
These regulators use small, 1µF ceramic input capaci­tors and 4.7µF ceramic output capacitors to deliver 1A output current. High bandwidth provides excellent tran­sient response and limits the output voltage deviation to 15mV for a 500mA load step, with only a 4.7µF ceramic output capacitor, and the voltage deviations can be reduced further by increasing the output capacitor.
These devices offer a logic-controlled shutdown input to reduce input current (IIN) consumption down to less than 5.5µA in standby mode. Other features include a soft-start to reduce inrush current, short-circuit protec­tion, and thermal-overload protection.
The MAX15028 features a BIAS input allowing a sec­ondary supply to keep the LDO’s internal circuitry alive if the voltage on IN goes to 0V. Both devices are fully specified from -40°C to +125°C and are available in a 10-pin thermally enhanced TDFN package (3mm x 3mm) that includes an exposed pad for optimal power dissipation. For a 500mA version of these LDOs, refer to the MAX15029/MAX15030 data sheet.
Applications
Automotive (Dead-Man LDO)
Servers
Storage
Networking
Base Stations
Optical Modules
ATE
Features
o 1.425V to 3.6V Input Voltage Range
o Output Voltage Programmable from 0.5V to V
IN
o Guaranteed Maximum 225mV Dropout at 1A
Output Current
o ±2% Output Accuracy Over Load, Line, and
Temperature
o Stable with Ceramic Capacitors
o Fast Transient Response
o 60µA Operating Bias Supply Current (MAX15028)
o 1.2µA Shutdown Bias Supply Current (MAX15028)
o Short-Circuit and Thermal Protection
o -40°C to +125°C Operating Temperature Range
o Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current
o Thermally Enhanced 3mm x 3mm TDFN Package
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
Pin Configurations
Ordering Information
19-4488; Rev 0; 3/09
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN­PACKAGE
TOP
MARK
MAX15027ATB+T
+AUD
MAX15028ATB+T
+AUE
+
Denotes a lead(Pb)-free and RoHS-compliant package.
For tape-and-reel orders, add a “T” after the “+”.
*
EP = Exposed pad.
Typical Operating Circuits appear at end of data sheet.
- 40°C to + 125°C 10 TDFN-EP*
- 40°C to + 125°C 10 TDFN-EP*
TOP VIEW
+
IN
1
29
IN
3
I.C.
4
56
MAX15027
TDFN
(3mm x 3mm)
10
8
7
OUT
OUTIN
GND
FB
SSEN
Page 2
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Circuit of Figure 1; VIN= 1.8V, V
OUT
= 1.2V, EN = IN for MAX15027, EN = BIAS for MAX15028, I
OUT
= 100mA, T
A
= T
J
= -40°C to
+125°C. Typical values are at T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
IN, FB, SS, I.C. to GND..........................................-0.3V to +4.0V
BIAS to GND.............................................................-0.3V to +6V
EN to GND ................-0.3V to the lower of (V
BIAS
+ 0.3V) or +6V
OUT to GND ................................................-0.3V to (V
IN
+ 0.3V)
Output Short-Circuit Duration.....................................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C) 10-Pin TDFN, Multilayer Board
(derate 24.4mW/°C above +70°C)..............................1951mW
Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance, θ
JC
.......................9°C/W
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance, θ
JA
(Note 1)...41°C/W
Operating Junction Temperature Range...........-40°C to +125°C
Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-
layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial
.
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
IN
Input Voltage Range V
Undervoltage Lockout V
Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis V
Quiescent GND Current I
Input Supply Current in Shutdown I
BIAS (MAX15028)
Input Voltage Range V
Undervoltage Lockout V
Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis I
Quiescent Input Supply Current I
Input Supply Current in Shutdown I
MAX15027 1.425 3.600
V
IN
UVLO
UVLO_HYST
MAX15028
VIN rising, I
OUT
VIN = 1.425V to 3.6V, V I
GND
OUT
VIN = 3.6V, V
VIN = 3.3V, V
IN_SD
BIAS
BIAS_UVLOVBIAS
BIAS
BIAS_SD
VEN = 0, TA = - 40°C to + 85°C 0.1 5.5 µA
OUT
VEN = V
EN = GND
= 2mA
= 1mA, V
rising, I
BIAS
= 3.3V, I
OUT
= 3.3V, I
OUT
= 2mA 2.3 2.5 2.7 V
OUT
= 2mA 110 mV
BIAS
= 3V to 5.5V 1.425 3.600
BIAS
BIAS = IN 3.000 3.600
MAX15027 1.275 1.325 1.375
MAX15028 1.04 1.106 1.14
= 1.2V,
OUT
= 3.3V
= 100mA 180 275 560
OUT
= 500mA 170 315 470
OUT
VIN = 0, V V
BIAS
V
I N
V
B I AS
V
I N
V
B I AS
OUT
= 3.3V
= 3.3V , V
= 3.3V
= 3.3V , V
= 5V
= 0,
OU T
OU T
= 0,
= 0,
160 275 410
3 5.5 V
20 60 120 µA
50 mV
1.2 2
1.2 2
1.5 3
V
V
µA
µA
Page 3
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1; VIN= 1.8V, V
OUT
= 1.2V, EN = IN for MAX15027, EN = BIAS for MAX15028, I
OUT
= 100mA, T
A
= T
J
= -40°C to
+125°C. Typical values are at T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Note 2: All devices are 100% production tested at T
A
= +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by
design and characterization.
OUT
Output Voltage Range V
Load Regulation I
Line Regulation VIN = 1.425V to 3.6V, I
Dropout Voltage (VIN - V
Output Current Limit I
FB
Threshold Accuracy V
Input Current I
EN/SOFT-START
Enable Input Threshold (MAX15028)
Enable Input Threshold (MAX15027)
Soft-Start Charging Current I
Soft-Start Reference Voltage V
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
Thermal-Shutdown Threshold TJ rising 165 °C
Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis 15 °C
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
)VDOI
OUT
OUT
= 1mA to 1A 0.01 mV/mA
OUT
= 1mA 4 mV
OUT
= 1A, VIN = 1.5V 75 225 mV
OUT
LIM
V
V
V
V
FB
FB
IH
IL
IH
IL
SS
SS
VFB = 300mV 1.4 1.7 2.0 A
V
= 0.5V to 3.3V, VIN = (V
OUT
to 3.6V, I
VFB = 0.688V 0.1 0.2 µA
V
BIAS
VIN = 1.8V
OUT
= 5V
= 1mA to 1A
OUT
+ 0.3V)
0.5 3.3 V
0.489 0.499 0.509 mV
1.05
1.05
A
0.499 V
0.4
0.4
V
V
Page 4
MAX15028 BIAS CURRENT (I
BIAS
)
vs. BIAS VOLTAGE (V
BIAS
)
MAX15027 toc04
BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
BIAS CURRENT (µA)
21453
10
30
40
20
50
60
0
06
I
OUT
= 0
MAX15028 BIAS CURRENT (I
BIAS
)
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX15027 toc05
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
BIAS CURRENT (µA)
700600300 800200 500100 900400
46
50
51
47
52
48
53
49
54
55
45
0 1000
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
V
BIAS
= 5.5V
GROUND CURRENT
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX15027 toc06
LOAD CURRENT (A)
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
0.70.60.3 0.80.2 0.50.1 0.90.4
0.33
0.31
0.34
0.32
0.35
0.30
01.0
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Circuit of Figure 1, VIN= 1.8V, V
OUT
= 1.5V, I
OUT
= 1A, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX15028
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX15027 toc01
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
3.53.00.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0
04.0
I
OUT
= 0
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
MAX15028
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX15027 toc02
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
800 900200 400 600 700100 300 500
1.485
1.490
1.495
1.500
1.505
1.510
1.515
1.520
1.480 0 1000
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
INPUT CURRENT (IIN)
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE (V
IN
)
MAX15027 toc03
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INTPUT CURRENT (mA)
3.0 3.51.0 1.5 2.50.5 2.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0
04.0
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
MAX15028 DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX15027 toc07
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
700600300 800200 500100 900400
20
100
120
40
140
60
160
80
180
200
0
0 1000
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
VIN = 1.4V
MAX15028 DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX15027 toc07
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
700600300 800200 500100 900400
20
100
120
40
140
60
160
80
180
200
0
0 1000
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
VIN = 1.4V
Page 5
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1, VIN= 1.8V, V
OUT
= 1.5V, I
OUT
= 1A, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
POWER-UP RESPONSE
V
OUT
V
IN
2ms/div
TURN-ON VIA ENABLE RESPONSE
V
OUT
MAX15027 toc09a
I
= 500mA
OUT
MAX15027 toc10a
1V/div
2V/div
1V/div
POWER-DOWN RESPONSE
V
OUT
V
IN
10µs/div
TURN-OFF VIA ENABLE RESPONSE
V
OUT
I
OUT
MAX15027 toc09b
1V/div
2V/div
= 500mA
MAX15027 toc10b
1V/div
V
50dB
10dB/div
EN
20µs/div
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY
I
OUT
= 500mA
MAX15027 toc11
2V/div
2V/div
V
EN
I
= 500mA
OUT
4µs/div
MAX15028 FB VOLTAGE (VFB)
vs. TEMPERATURE
0.510
0.508
0.506
0.504
) (V)
FB
0.502
0.500
0.498
FB VOLTAGE (V
0.496
0.494
0.492
1MHz100Hz
0.490
-40 140
400 20 10060 80-20 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
BIAS
MAX15027 toc12
= 3.3V
Page 6
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Pin Description
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1, VIN= 1.8V, V
OUT
= 1.5V, I
OUT
= 1A, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX15027 toc13
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD (A)
400 20 10060 80-20 120
1.62
1.70
1.72
1.64
1.74
1.66
1.76
1.68
1.78
1.80
1.60
-40 140
V
BIAS
= 3.3V
CASE TEMPERATURE RISE
vs. POWER DISSIPATION
MAX15027 toc14
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
CASE TEMPERATURE RISE (°C)
10
40
50
20
60
30
70
80
0
0 2.52.01.51.00.5
PIN
MAX15027 MAX15028
1, 2, 3 1, 2 IN
3 BIAS
NAME FUNCTION
Regulator Input. 1.425V to 3.6V voltage range. Bypass to GND with at least 1µF of ceramic capacitance. IN is high impedance when the LDO is shut down.
Internal Circuitry Supply Input. BIAS supplies the power for the internal circuitry. 3V to 5.5V voltage range.
4 4 I.C. Internally Connected. Connect I.C. directly to GND.
LDO Enable. Drive EN high to enable the LDO or connect to IN (BIAS for
55EN
MAX15028) for always-on operation. Drive EN low to disable the LDO and place the IC in low-power shutdown mode.
Soft-Start Input. For typical operation, connect a 0.1µF capacitor from SS to
66SS
GND. The soft-start timing is dependent on the value of this capacitor. See the Soft-Start section.
Feedback Input. Connect FB to the center of a resistor-divider connected
77FB
between OUT and GND to set the output voltage. See the Programming the Output Voltage section.
8 8 GND Ground
9, 10 9, 10 OUT
——EP
Regulator Output. Bypass OUT to GND with at least 4.7µF of ceramic capacitance for 1A load operation.
Exposed Paddle. Connect EP to GND and a large copper ground plane to facilitate package power dissipation.
Page 7
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
Functional Diagram
Detailed Description
The MAX15027/MAX15028 low-dropout linear regula­tors operate from input voltages as low as 1.425V and deliver up to 1A of continuous output current with a maximum dropout voltage of only 225mV.
The MAX15028 operates with an input voltage as low as 1.425V if the bias voltage (V
BIAS
) of 3V to 5.5V is available. The power is applied at IN while the control is provided through BIAS input. The current drawn by BIAS is negligible when the LDO goes into shutdown. This feature is especially useful in automotive applica-
tions where the BIAS input is derived from an always­on LDO that expects to provide minimal power during the key-off condition.
The pMOS output stage can be driven from input volt­ages down to +1.425V without sacrificing stability or transient performance. The output voltage of all the regulators is adjustable from 0.5V to VINand is ±2% accurate over load and line variations, from -40°C to +125°C. Since these regulators have a pMOS output device, supply current is not a significant function of load or input headroom.
IN
BIAS
EN
MAX15028
ONLY
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
GENERATOR
REF
BIAS
UVLO
MAX15027
ONLY
REF
CONTROL
LOGIC
OVERTEMPERATURE
PROTECTION
IN
UVLO
MAX15027 MAX15028
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
WITH
SOFT-START
MOS DRIVER
WITH I
LIMIT
P
OUT
SS
FB
GND
Page 8
MAX15027/MAX15028
Internal p-Channel Pass Transistor
The MAX15027/MAX15028 feature a 75mΩ (typ) p-channel MOSFET pass transistor. Unlike similar designs using pnp pass transistors, p-channel MOSFETs require no base drive, reducing quiescent current.
pnp-based regulators also waste considerable current in dropout when the pass transistor saturates and use high base-drive currents under large loads. The MAX15027/MAX15028 do not suffer from these prob­lems and consume only 275µA (typ) of quiescent cur­rent under heavy loads, as well as in dropout.
Short-Circuit/
Thermal Fault Protection
The MAX15027/MAX15028 are fully protected from a short circuit at the output through current limiting and thermal-overload circuitry. In the fault condition when the output is shorted to ground, the output current is limited to a maximum of 2A. Under these conditions, the device quickly heats up. When the junction temper­ature reaches +165°C (typ), the thermal-overload cir­cuitry turns off the output, allowing the part to cool down. When the junction temperature cools to +150°C (typ), the output turns back on and reestablishes regu­lation. Current limiting and thermal protection continue until the fault is removed. For continuous operation, do not exceed the absolute maximum junction-tempera­ture rating of TJ= +150°C.
Soft-Start
The MAX15027/MAX15028 feature a soft-start function that slowly ramps up the output voltage of the regulator based on the value of the capacitor (CSS) connected from SS to GND. Upon power-up, CSSis charged with a 5µA (typ) current source through SS. The voltage at SS is compared to the internal 0.5V reference (V
REF
).
The feedback voltage for regulation (V
REG
) is the lower
of VSSor V
REF
. As VSSrises, the regulation voltage
(V
REG
) rises at the same rate. Once VSSreaches and
rises above V
REF
, the regulation voltage then tracks the
reference voltage since it is the lower of VSSand V
REF
. The value of CSSdetermines the length of the soft-start time, tSS. Use the following formula to determine CSS.
C
SS
= 10-5x t
SS
where CSSis in farads and tSSis in seconds.
Shutdown Mode
The MAX15027/MAX15028 include an enable input. To shut down the IC, drive EN low. In shutdown mode, the current drawn by BIAS is less than 2µA. This feature is extremely useful in an automotive application where the BIAS input is derived from an always-on LDO expecting to provide minimal dark current. For normal operation, drive EN high or connect EN to IN (BIAS for MAX15028) for continuous on operation. During shutdown, an inter­nal 10kresistor is connected between OUT and GND.
Applications Information
Programming the Output Voltage
The MAX15027/MAX15028 feature an adjustable output voltage from 0.5V to VINusing two external resistors connected as a voltage-divider to FB as shown in Figure 1. The output voltage is set by the following equation:
where typically VFB= 0.5V. Choose R2 to be 10k. Or, to optimize load-transient response for no load to full load transients, use the resistor-divider as a minimum load and choose R2 to be 500. To simplify resistor selection:
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Figure 1. MAX15028 Typical Application Circuit
R
1
VV
OUT FB
=+
⎜ ⎝
V
RR
12 1=
ALWAYS-ON
INPUT 3V
TO 5.5V
INPUT
1.2V TO 3.6V
1µF
ENABLE
SHUTDOWN
BIAS
IN
EN
V
MAX15028
SS
OUT
FB
0.1uF
1
⎟ ⎠
R
2
⎟ ⎠
OUT
FB
I.C.
GND
OUTPUT
R1
4.7µF
R2
Page 9
Capacitor Selection and
Regulator Stability
Capacitors are required at the MAX15027/MAX15028’s inputs and outputs for stable operation over the full temperature range and with load currents up to 1A. Connect a 1µF capacitor between IN and ground and a
4.7µF capacitor with low equivalent series resistance (ESR) between OUT and ground for 1A output current.
The input capacitor (C
IN
) lowers the source impedance of the input supply. If input supply source impedance is high, place a larger input capacitor close to IN to pre­vent V
IN
sagging due to load transients. Smaller output capacitors can be used for output currents less than 1A. Calculate the minimum C
OUT
as follows:
Operating Region and
Power Dissipation
The maximum power dissipation depends on the ther­mal resistance of the IC package and circuit board, the temperature difference between the die junction and ambient air, and the rate of airflow. The power dissipat­ed in the device is P
DISS
= I
OUT(VIN
- V
OUT
). The package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad lowers the thermal resistance of the package by providing a direct heat conduction path from the die to the PCB. Connect the exposed backside pad and GND to the system ground using a large pad or ground plane and multiple vias to the ground plane layer.
Noise, PSRR, and Transient Response
The MAX15027/MAX15028 are designed to operate with low-dropout voltages and low quiescent currents while still maintaining good noise performance, tran­sient response, and AC rejection (see the
Typical
Operating Characteristics
for a plot of Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) vs. Frequency). When operating from noisy sources, improved supply-noise rejection and transient response can be achieved by increasing the values of the input and output bypass capacitors and through passive filtering techniques. The MAX15027/MAX15028 load-transient response graphs (see the
Typical Operating Characteristic
s) show two components of the output response: a DC shift from the output impedance due to the load current change, and the transient response. A typical transient overshoot for a step change in the load current from 300mA to 800mA is 15mV. Use ceramic output capacitors greater than 4.7µF (up to 100µF) to attenuate the overshoot.
Layout Guidelines
The TDFN package has an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad provides a low thermal resistance path for heat transfer into the PCB. This low thermally resistive path carries a majority of the heat away from the IC. The PCB is effectively a heatsink for the IC. The exposed pad should be connected to a large ground plane for proper thermal and electrical performance. The minimum size of the ground plane is dependent upon many system variables. To create an efficient path, the exposed pad should be soldered to a thermal landing, which is connected to the ground plane by thermal vias. The thermal landing should be at least as large as the exposed pad.
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
CI
OUT OUT MAX
µ
F
()
⎛ ⎜
.1025
⎞ ⎟
A
Page 10
MAX15027/MAX15028
1.425V to 3.6V Input, 1A Low-Dropout Regulators with BIAS Input
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
10
____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
INPUT
1.425V TO 3.6V
OUTPUT
0.5V TO V
IN
4.7µF
1µF
IN
OUT
FB
GND
EN
SS
MAX15027
INPUT
1.425V TO 3.6V
ALWAYS-ON INPUT
3V TO 5.5V
OUTPUT
0.5V TO V
IN
4.7µF
1µF
IN
BIAS
OUT
FB
GND
EN
SS
MAX15028
Typical Operating Circuits
1
3
4
10
8
7
OUT
GND
FB
IN
BIAS
I.C.
MAX15028
29
OUTIN
56
SSEN
TDFN
(3mm x 3mm)
TOP VIEW
+
Pin Configurations (continued)
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.
PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO.
10 TDFN T1033-1
21-0137
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