Rainbow Electronics GM862-GPS User Manual

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Easy Script in Python

80000ST10020a Rev.8 - 01/10/08

This document is relating to the following products:

APPLICABILITY TABLE

PRODUCT PART NUMBER APPLICABILITY

Easy Script in Python

80000ST10020a Rev.8 - 01/10/08

GT863-PY

GT864-QUAD

GT864-PY

GM862-QUAD

GM862-QUAD-PY

GM862-GPS

GC864-QUAD

GC864-PY

GC864-QUAD w/ SIM holder

GC864-PY w/ SIM holder

GC864-QUAD-C2

GC864-PY-C2

GE863-QUAD

GE863-PY

GE863-GPS

GE863-SIM

GE864-QUAD

3990150471 √

4990150069 4990150070 √

GM862QUD***-***

GM862PYT***-*** √

GM8632GPS***-*** √

GC864QUD***-***

GC864PYT***-*** √

GC864QUH***-***

GC864PYH***-*** √

GC864QC2***-*** GC864PC2***-*** √

GE863QUD***-***

GE863PYT***-*** √

GE863GPS***-*** √

NMO dependant √

GE864QUD***-***

GE864-PY

GE864PYT***-*** √

The suffix “***-***” depends on the module HW/SW configuration. Please contact your Telit representative for details.

From SW Version:

7.03.x00

Easy Script in Python

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1 Easy Script Extension - Python interpreter ..................................................................................... 8

1.1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................8

1.2 Python 1.5.2+ Copyright Notice ..........................................................................................................10

1.3 Python installation................................................................................................................................11

1.4 Python implementation description ....................................................................................................12

1.5 Introduction to Python.........................................................................................................................14

1.5.1 Data types ..........................................................................................................................................................14

1.5.2 Operators............................................................................................................................................................15

1.5.3 Compound statements........................................................................................................................................15

1.5.4 Conditional execution........................................................................................................................................16

1.5.5 Loops .................................................................................................................................................................16

1.5.6 Resources...........................................................................................................................................................17

1.6 Python core supported features...........................................................................................................18

2 Python Build-in Custom Modules.................................................................................................. 19

2.1 CMUX and Python ...............................................................................................................................19

2.2 MDM built-in module ..........................................................................................................................20

2.2.1 MDM.send(string, timeout) ...............................................................................................................................20

2.2.2 MDM.receive(timeout)......................................................................................................................................20

2.2.3 MDM.read().......................................................................................................................................................21

2.2.4 MDM.sendbyte(byte, timeout)...........................................................................................................................21

2.2.5 MDM.receivebyte(timeout) ...............................................................................................................................22

2.2.6 MDM.readbyte()................................................................................................................................................22

2.2.7 MDM.getDCD() ................................................................................................................................................22

2.2.8 MDM.getCTS()..................................................................................................................................................23

2.2.9 MDM.getDSR() .................................................................................................................................................23

2.2.10 MDM.getRI() ................................................................................................................................................23

2.2.11 MDM.setRTS(RTS_value)............................................................................................................................23

2.2.12 MDM.setDTR(DTR_value) ..........................................................................................................................24

2.3 MDM2 built-in module ........................................................................................................................25

2.3.1 MDM2.send(string, timeout) .............................................................................................................................25

2.3.2 MDM2.receive(timeout)....................................................................................................................................26

2.3.3 MDM2.read().....................................................................................................................................................26

2.3.4 MDM2.sendbyte(byte, timeout).........................................................................................................................26

2.3.5 MDM2.receivebyte(timeout) .............................................................................................................................27

2.3.6 MDM2.readbyte()..............................................................................................................................................27

2.3.7 MDM2.getDCD() ..............................................................................................................................................27

2.3.8 MDM2.getCTS()................................................................................................................................................28

2.3.9 MDM2.getDSR() ...............................................................................................................................................28

2.3.10 MDM2.getRI() ..............................................................................................................................................28

2.3.11 MDM2.setRTS(RTS_value)..........................................................................................................................28

2.3.12 MDM2.setDTR(DTR_value) ........................................................................................................................29

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2.4 SER built-in module .............................................................................................................................30

2.4.1 SER.send(string)................................................................................................................................................30

2.4.2 SER.receive(timeout).........................................................................................................................................31

2.4.3 SER.read() .........................................................................................................................................................31

2.4.4 SER.sendbyte(byte) ...........................................................................................................................................31

2.4.5 SER.receivebyte(timeout)..................................................................................................................................32

2.4.6 SER.readbyte()...................................................................................................................................................32

2.4.7 SER.set_speed(speed, <char format>)...............................................................................................................32

2.4.8 SER.setDCD(DCD_value).................................................................................................................................33

2.4.9 SER.setCTS(CTS_value)...................................................................................................................................33

2.4.10 SER.setDSR(DSR_value) .............................................................................................................................33

2.4.11 SER.setRI(RI_value).....................................................................................................................................34

2.4.12 SER.getRTS()................................................................................................................................................34

2.4.13 SER.getDTR()...............................................................................................................................................34

2.5 SER2 built-in module ...........................................................................................................................35

2.5.1 SER2.send(string)..............................................................................................................................................35

2.5.2 SER2.receive(timeout).......................................................................................................................................36

2.5.3 SER2.read() .......................................................................................................................................................36

2.5.4 SER2.sendbyte(byte) .........................................................................................................................................36

2.5.5 SER2.receivebyte(timeout)................................................................................................................................37

2.5.6 SER2.readbyte().................................................................................................................................................37

2.5.7 SER2.set_speed(speed, <format>).....................................................................................................................37

2.6 GPIO built-in module...........................................................................................................................38

2.6.1 GPIO.setIOvalue(GPIOnumber, value).............................................................................................................38

2.6.2 GPIO.getIOvalue(GPIOnumber) .......................................................................................................................38

2.6.3 GPIO.setIOdir(GPIOnumber, value, direction).................................................................................................39

2.6.4 GPIO.getIOdir(GPIOnumber) ...........................................................................................................................39

2.6.5 GPIO.getADC(adcNumber)...............................................................................................................................40

2.6.6 GPIO.setDAC(enable, value)8...........................................................................................................................40

2.6.7 GPIO.setVAUX(vauxNumber, enable)8............................................................................................................40

2.6.8 GPIO.getAXE()9................................................................................................................................................41

2.6.9 GPIO.setSLED(status, onDuration, offDuration) ..............................................................................................41

2.6.10 GPIO.getCBC()9............................................................................................................................................41

2.7 MOD built-in module ...........................................................................................................................43

2.7.1 MOD.secCounter() ............................................................................................................................................43

2.7.2 MOD.sleep(sleeptime).......................................................................................................................................43

2.7.3 MOD.watchdogEnable(timeout)........................................................................................................................44

2.7.4 MOD.watchdogReset() ......................................................................................................................................44

2.7.5 MOD.watchdogDisable()...................................................................................................................................44

2.7.6 MOD.powerSaving(timeout) .............................................................................................................................45

2.7.7 MOD.powerSavingExitCause().........................................................................................................................45

2.8 IIC built-in module...............................................................................................................................46

2.8.1 IIC.new(SDA_pin, SCL_pin, <ADDR>)...........................................................................................................46

2.8.2 IIC object method: init() ....................................................................................................................................47

2.8.3 IIC object method: readwrite(string, read_len)..................................................................................................47

2.8.4 IIC object method: sendbyte(byte).....................................................................................................................48

2.8.5 IIC object method: send(string) .........................................................................................................................48

2.8.6 IIC object method: dev_read(addr, len) .............................................................................................................49

2.8.7 IIC object method: dev_write(addr, string)........................................................................................................49

2.8.8 IIC object method: dev_gen_read(addr, start, len).............................................................................................49

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2.8.9 IIC object method: dev_gen_write(addr, start, string).......................................................................................50

2.9 SPI built-in module...............................................................................................................................51

2.9.1 SPI.new(SCLK_pin, MOSI_pin, MISO_pin, <SS0>, <SS1>,…<SS7>)...........................................................51

2.9.2 SPI object method: init (CPOL, CPHA, <SSPOL>, <SS>)...............................................................................52

2.9.3 SPI object method: readwrite(string, <read_len>, <SS>)..................................................................................53

2.9.4 SPI object method: sendbyte(byte, <SS_number>) ...........................................................................................54

2.9.5 SPI object method: readbyte(<SS_number>) ....................................................................................................55

2.9.6 SPI object method: send(string, <SS_number>)................................................................................................55

2.9.7 SPI object method: read(len, <SS_number>) ....................................................................................................55

2.10 GPS built-in module .............................................................................................................................57

2.10.1 GPS. powerOnOff(newStatus) ......................................................................................................................57

2.10.2 GPS.getPowerOnOff()...................................................................................................................................57

2.10.3 GPS.resetMode(mode) ..................................................................................................................................58

2.10.4 GPS.getAntennaVoltage() .............................................................................................................................58

2.10.5 GPS.getAntennaCurrent()..............................................................................................................................58

2.10.6 GPS.getActualPosition() ...............................................................................................................................58

2.10.7 GPS.powerSavingMode(mode, pushToFixPeriod) .......................................................................................59

2.10.8 GPS.powerSavingWakeUp().........................................................................................................................59

2.10.9 GPS.getLastGGA()........................................................................................................................................59

2.10.10 GPS.getLastGLL().........................................................................................................................................60

2.10.11 GPS.getLastGSA() ........................................................................................................................................60

2.10.12 GPS.getLastGSV() ........................................................................................................................................60

2.10.13 GPS.getLastRMC() .......................................................................................................................................61

2.10.14 GPS.getLastVTG() ........................................................................................................................................61

2.10.15 GPS.getPosition() ..........................................................................................................................................61

3 Python Script Operations ............................................................................................................... 62

3.1 Executing a Python script ....................................................................................................................62

3.1.1 Write Python script ............................................................................................................................................62

3.1.2 Download Python script.....................................................................................................................................62

3.1.3 Enable Python script ..........................................................................................................................................65

3.1.4 Execute Python script ........................................................................................................................................65

3.1.5 Reading Python script........................................................................................................................................67

3.1.6 List saved Python scripts ...................................................................................................................................67

3.1.7 Deleting Python script .......................................................................................................................................67

3.1.8 Restart Python script..........................................................................................................................................68

3.2 Run AT Interface and Python at the same time ................................................................................69

3.3 Debug Python script .............................................................................................................................70

3.3.1 Debug Python script on GPS modules using SSC bus.......................................................................................70

3.3.1.1 Installation of the drivers ..........................................................................................................................70

3.3.1.2 Debugging process ....................................................................................................................................73

3.3.2 Debug Python script on GPS modules using CMUX ........................................................................................74

3.3.2.1 Installation.................................................................................................................................................74

3.3.2.2 Debugging process ....................................................................................................................................74

4 Python standard functions ............................................................................................................. 79

4.1 Technical characteristics......................................................................................................................79

4.1.1 General...............................................................................................................................................................79

4.2 Python supported features...................................................................................................................80

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4.2.1 Operators, statements, functions........................................................................................................................80

4.2.2 Truth Value Testing...........................................................................................................................................81

4.2.3 Boolean Operations............................................................................................................................................81

4.2.4 Comparisons ......................................................................................................................................................81

4.2.5 Numeric Types: Integers....................................................................................................................................81

4.2.6 Numeric Types: Long Integers ..........................................................................................................................82

4.2.7 Numeric Types: Float ........................................................................................................................................83

4.2.8 Numeric Types: Complex..................................................................................................................................83

4.2.9 Sequence Types: Strings....................................................................................................................................83

4.2.10 Sequence Types: Tuples................................................................................................................................84

4.2.11 Sequence Types: Lists...................................................................................................................................84

4.2.12 Mapping Types: Dictionaries ........................................................................................................................85

4.2.13 Other Built-in Types: File Objects ................................................................................................................86

4.2.14 Other Built-in Types: Modules......................................................................................................................86

4.2.15 Other Built-in Types: Classes........................................................................................................................87

4.2.16 Other Built-in Types: Functions....................................................................................................................87

4.2.17 Other Built-in Types: Methods......................................................................................................................88

4.2.18 Other Built-in Types: Type Objects ..............................................................................................................88

4.2.19 Other Built-in Types: Null Object.................................................................................................................88

4.2.20 Other Built-in Types: Ellipsis Object............................................................................................................88

4.2.21 Other Built-in Types: Buffer Objects............................................................................................................88

4.2.22 Other Built-in Types: Range Objects ............................................................................................................88

4.2.23 Other Built-in Internal Types: Code Objects.................................................................................................89

4.2.24 Other Built-in Internal Types: Frame Objects ...............................................................................................89

4.2.25 Other Built-in Internal Types: Traceback Objects.........................................................................................89

4.2.26 Other Built-in Internal Types: Slice Objects .................................................................................................90

4.2.27 Built-in Exceptions........................................................................................................................................90

4.2.28 Built-in Functions..........................................................................................................................................91

4.2.29 Built-in Modules: marshal.............................................................................................................................92

4.2.30 Built-in Modules: imp ...................................................................................................................................93

4.2.31 Built-in Modules: __main__..........................................................................................................................93

4.2.32 Built-in Modules: __builtin__ .......................................................................................................................93

4.2.33 Built-in Modules: sys ....................................................................................................................................93

4.2.34 Built-in Modules: md5 ..................................................................................................................................94

4.2.35 Library Modules............................................................................................................................................95

5 Python notes.................................................................................................................................... 96

5.1 Memory Limits .....................................................................................................................................96

5.2 Other Limits..........................................................................................................................................97

6 List of acronyms.............................................................................................................................. 98

7 Document Change Log................................................................................................................. 100

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DISCLAIMER

The information contained in this document is the proprietary information of Telit Communications S.p.A. and its affiliates (“TELIT”). The contents are confidential and any disclosure to persons other than the officers, employees, agents or subcontractors of the owner or licensee of this document, without the prior written consent of Telit, is strictly prohibited.

Telit makes every effort to ensure the quality of the information it makes available. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Telit does not make any warranty as to the information contained herein, and does not accept any liability for any injury, loss or damage of any kind incurred by use of or reliance upon the information.

Telit disclaims any and all responsibility for the application of the devices characterized in this document, and notes that the application of the device must comply with the safety standards of the applicable country, and where applicable, with the relevant wiring rules.

Telit reserves the right to make modifications, additions and deletions to this document due to typographical errors, inaccurate information, or improvements to programs and/or equipment at any time and without notice. Such changes will, nevertheless be incorporated into new editions of this application note.

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1 Easy Script Extension - Python

interpreter

1.1 Overview

The Easy Script Extension is a feature that allows driving the modem "internally", writing the controlling application directly in a nice high level language: Python. The Easy Script Extension is aimed for the application usually done by a small microcontroller that managed some I/O pins and the module through the AT command interface. A schematic of such a configuration can be:

FFLLAASSHH RROOMM

GGSSMM--GGPPRRSS

PPrroottooccooll SSttaacckk

FFLLAASSHH

RROOMM

mmeemmoorryy

HHAARRDDWWAARREE RREESSOOUURRCCEESS

EEXXTTEERRNNAALL

CCOONNTTRROOLLLLEERR

PPHHYYSSIICCAALL AATT SSEERRIIAALL

PPOORRTT

AATT ccoommmmaannddss

GGPPRRSS MMOODDEEMM

EENNGGIINNE

RRAAMM

RRAAMM ffoorr

GGSSMM--GGPPRRSS

mmooddeemm

PPrroottooccooll SSttaacck

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In order to eliminate this external controller, and further simplify the programming of the sequence of operations, inside the Python version it is included:

• Python script interpreter engine v. 1.5.2+

• around 2MB of Non Volatile Memory space for the user scripts and data

• 1.2 MB RAM reserved for Python engine usage

A schematic of this approach is:

FFLLAASSHH RROOMM

AAvvaaiillaabbllee UUsseerr

NNVVMM FFLLAASSHH

MMeemmoorryy

((22MMbbyyttee)

GGSSMM--GGPPRRSS

PPrroottooccooll SSttaacckk

FFLLAASSHH

RROOMM

mmeemmoorryy

AAvvaaiillaabbllee RRAAMM

ffoorr PPyytthhoonn

IInntteerrpprreetteerr

((11..22MMbbyyttee)

RRAAMM ffoorr

GGSSMM--GGPPRRSS

mmooddeemm

PPrroottooccooll SSttaacck

PPYYTTHHOONN

IINNTTEERRPPRREETTEERR EENNGGIINNEE

MMDDMM mmoodduullee

)

VVIIRRTTUUAALL IINNTTEERRNNAALL AATT

SSEERRIIAALL PPOORRTT

AATT ccoommmmaannddss

GGPPRRSS MMOODDEEMM

EENNGGIINNE

RRAAMM

)

HHAARRDDWWAARREE RREESSOOUURRCCEESS

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1.2 Python 1.5.2+ Copyright Notice

All Rights Reserved Copyright © 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights Reserved. Copyright (c) 2001-2007 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved are retained in Python.

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch Centrum or CWI or Corporation for National Research Initiatives or CNRI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission. While CWI is the initial source for this software, a modified version is made available by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI) at the Internet address ftp://ftp.python.org

STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM AND CNRI DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM OR CNRI BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

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1.3 Python installation

In order to have software that functions correctly the system requirement is PC running Windows 2000 or XP. To get PythonWin package 1.5.2+ with the latest version please contacts Technical Support at the email:



ts-emea@telit.com;

 ts-apac@telit.com;

 ts-americas@telit.com.  Or by means the form in telit’s website Æ technical support Æcontact

Getting user name and password it is possible to download it from Telit’s websiteÆdownload zone:

http://www.telit.com/en/products/download-zone,

At the moment, the latest version available is TelitPy1.5.2+_V4.1.exe.

To install Telit Python package you need to execute the exe file TelitPy1.5.2+_V4.1.exe and let the installer use the default settings. The installation contains the Python compiler package. The Telit

Python package is placed in the folder C:\Program Files\Python\ .The correct path in the Windows

Environmental variables will be set up automatically.

rry

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1.4 Python implementation description

Python scripts are text files stored in NVM inside the Telit module. There's a file system inside the module that allows to write and read files with different names on one single level (no subdirectories are supported). Attention: it is possible to run only one Python script at the time. The Python script is executed in a task inside the Telit module at the lowest priority, making sure this does not interfere with GSM/GPRS normal operations. This allows serial ports, protocol stack etc. to run independently from the Python script. The Python script interacts with the Telit module functionality through four build-in interfaces.

AAnntteennnnaa

GGPPSS

MMOODD LLiibbrraarryy

PPrriinntt

CCoommmmaanndd

SSeerriiaall ppoorrtt 11 ((AASSCC11)) eexx

GPS receiver

TTR

Viirrttuuaall IInntteerrnnaall AATT SSeerriiaall PPoorrtt

MMDDMM LLiibbrraarryy

MMDDMM22LLiib

SSEERR22 LLiibbrraarryy

CCEE

rddwwaarree RReessoouurrcceess

HHa

GGPPRRSS MMooddeemm EEnnggiinnee

GGPPSSLLiib

PPyytthhoonn EEnnggiinnee wwiitthh

PPRROOG

SSEERR LLiibbrraarryy

UUPPGGRRAADDAABBLLEE

ssooffttwwaarree ssccrriipptt

SSeerriiaall ppoorrtt 00 ((AASSCC00)) eexx

SSPPII LLiib

raarryy

IIIICCLLiib

GGPPIIOO LLiibbrraarryy

AAnntteennnnaa

GGSSMM

GGPPIIOO

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NOTE: Antenna GPS, GPS receiver and GPS Library are available exclusively for GPS modules

GM862-GPS and GE863-GPS. Moreover SER2 Library cannot be used by the GPS modules since

their TRACE port is not available.

• The MDM interface is the most important one. It allows Python script to send AT commands, receive responses and unsolicited indications, send data to the network and receive data from the network during connections. It is quite the same as the usual serial port interface in the

Telit module. The difference is that this interface is not a real serial port but just an internal

software bridge between Python and mobile internal AT command handling engine. All AT commands working in the Telit module are working in this software interface as well. Some of them have no meaning on this interface, such as those regarding serial port settings. The usual concept of hardware flow control keeps its meaning over this interface, but it's managed internally.

• The MDM2 interface is the second interface between Python and mobile internal AT command handling. It is used to send AT commands from Python script to mobile and receive AT responses from mobile to Python script when the classic MDM built-in module already in use.

• The SER interface allows Python script to read from and write to the real physical serial port ASC0, that is usually used to send the AT commands to the module, for example to read information from external device. When Python is running this serial port is free to be used by Python script because it is not used as AT command interface since the AT parser is mapped into the internal virtual serial port. No flow control is available from Python on this port.

• The SER2 interface allows Python script to read from and write to the real physical serial port ASC1, that is usually available for trace and debug.

• The GPIO interface allows Python script to handle general purpose input output faster than through AT commands, skipping the command parser and going directly to control the pins.

• The MOD interface is a collection of useful functions.

• The IIC interface is an implementation on the Python core of the IIC bus Master. It allows

Python to create one or more IIC bus on the available GPIO pins.

• The SPI interface is an implementation on the Python core of the SPI bus Master. It allows Python to create one or more SPI bus on the available GPIO pins.

• The GPS interface is the interface between Python and mobile internal GPS controller. It is used in order to handle GPS controller without dedicated AT commands through MDM built-in module.

For the debug, the print command is directly forwarded on the EMMI TX pin (second serial port) at baud rate115200bps 8N1.

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1.5 Introduction to Python

Python is a dynamic object oriented programming language that can be used for many kinds of software development. It offers strong support for integration with different tools, comes with extensive standard libraries, and can be learned in a few days time.

1.5.1 Data types

There are three groups of data types in Python:

• Scalars have the subtypes integer, long integer (with an arbitrary number of digits), and strings. For example:

i = 1; li = 9999999999L; s = 'Hello'

• Sequences contain any number of arbitrary objects in a defined order.

L = [1, 5, 3, 9, 14];

• Associative lists (more commonly known as dictionaries) allow the access to values based on keys. These keys can be arbitrary but immutable objects. For example:

D = {'b': 'Python', 'a': 5}; print D['a']

prints 5.

• Unlike Pascal, C, C++ or Java, Python is a dynamically typed language. Thus, the following code is perfectly valid Python:

a = 7 # 7 (integer) a = str(2*a) + ' bytes' # '7 bytes' (string)

In Python variables are not defined in the script, they appear only when used.

1.5.2 Operators

Python has the following operators:

• Arithmetic and bitwise operators

+ - * / % ** ~ << >> & ^ |

• Relational and logical operators

is in < <= > >= == != not and or

• Assignments

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= += -= *= /= %= **= <<= >>= &= ^= |=

• Other operators

() [ ] { } [:] `` . lambda

1.5.3 Compound statements

• Statements that belong to the same logical group are indented by the same amount of white space:

if a > 0: b = 1 c = 2

Usually, each statement starts on a new line.

• A statement is continued by putting a backslash \ at the end of a line. This isn't necessary if there are still parentheses (or brackets or braces) open:

my_list = [1, # open bracket, statement continues ['abc', 2], # nested list

-3+6j] # closed outermost bracket, statement ends print my_list

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1.5.4 Conditional execution

• Python uses if, elif (not elsif or elseif), and else to denote conditional execution of statements. For example:

if a > b: print 'a is greater than b.' elif a < b: print 'a is lower than b.' else: print 'a equals b.'

• You can use "abbreviated" interval tests:

if 2 <= a <= 7: print 'a is in the interval [2, 7].'

1.5.5 Loops

• Loops in Python are defined by the keywords for and while.

• The following example uses a while loop to collect all numbers from 0 to 99 in a list.

numbers = [ ] i = 0 while i < 100: numbers.append(i) i = i + 1 # or i += 1 since Python 2.0

• A similar for loop looks like:

numbers = [ ] for i in range(100): numbers.append(i)

• Instead of the explicit loops above also an implicit loop is possible:

numbers = range(100)

range(100) generates a list of all integers from 0 to 99 (not 100).

1.5.6 Resources

Some useful manuals for Python can be found on the following links:

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http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/tut.html

http://www.hetland.org/python/instant-python.php

http://rgruet.free.fr/PQR2.2.html

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1.6 Python core supported features

The Python core version is 1.5.2+ (string methods added to 1.5.2). You can use all Python statements and almost all Python built-in types and functions.

Built-in types and functions not

supported

complex marshal

float imp long _main_

docstring _builtin_

sys md5

Available modules

(all others are not supported)

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2 Python Build-in Custom Modules

Several build in custom modules have been included in the python core, specifically aimed at the hardware environment of the module.

The build in modules included are:

MDM

MDM2

SER

SER2

GPIO

MOD

IIC

SPI

GPS

interface between Python and mobile internal AT command handling second interface between Python and mobile internal AT command handling interface between Python and mobile internal serial port ASC0 direct handling interface between Python and mobile internal serial port ASC1 direct handling interface between Python and mobile internal general purpose input output direct handling interface between Python and mobile miscellaneous functions custom software Inter IC bus that can be mapped on creation over almost any GPIO pin available custom software Serial Protocol Interface bus that can be mapped on creation over almost any GPIO pin available interface between Python and mobile internal GPS controller

2.1 CMUX and Python1

To make the use of Python easier CMUX (Converter-Multiplexer) feature has been implemented in the Telit modules. The Multiplexer mode creates four virtual channels on one serial interface and permits to transmit data to four different applications. This makes it possible to run a Python script and at the same time use CMUX on ASC0 with the following division of channels:

• first CMUX port is reserved for SER module;

• second CMUX port is available for AT command handling in case when MDM2 built-in module

is not been imported;

• third CMUX port is available for AT command handling;

• fourth CMUX port is in use for debug (print statements);

ASC1 is available for non-GPS products with import of the SER2 built-in module.

feature available for the modules with the following Order-Num. :, GM862GPS***-***, GM862PYT***-***, GE863PYT***-***, GE863GPS***-***, GE864PYT***-***, GC864PYT***-***, GE864PYH***-***,and old 3990250657, 3990250660,

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2.2 MDM built-in module

MDM built-in module is the interface between Python and the module AT command parser engine. You need to use MDM built-in module if you want to send AT commands and data from Python script to the network and receive responses and data from the network during connections.

For the default start configuration echo (ATE0) is disabled and long form (verbose) is return codes (ATV1). If you want to use MDM built-in module you need to import it first:

import MDM then you can use MDM built-in module methods like in the following example: a = MDM.send('AT', 0) b = MDM.sendbyte(0x0d, 0) c = MDM.receive(10)

which sends 'AT' and receives 'OK'. More details about MDM built-in module methods can be found in the following paragraphs.

2.2.1 MDM.send(string, timeout)

This command sends a string to AT command interface. First input parameter string is a Python string which is the string to send to AT command interface. Second input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the time of waiting for the string to be sent to AT command interface, with maximum value of timeout. Waiting time is caused by hardware flow control. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired otherwise is 1.

Example:

a = MDM.send('AT', 5)

sends string 'AT' to AT command handling, possibly waiting for 0.5 s, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM.send command is 4096 bytes

2.2.2 MDM.receive(timeout)

This command receives a string from AT command interface waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first string received no matter of how long the timeout is. Request to Send

For the products with the following old Order-Num. 3390250656, 3390250654 and 3990150466 the available buffer is 2048 bytes

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(RTS) is set to ON. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from AT command interface. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if timeout has expired without any data received otherwise the string contains data received.

Example:

a = MDM.receive(15)

receives a string from AT command handling, possibly waiting for it for 1.5 s, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM.receive command is 4096 bytes

2.2.3 MDM.read()

This command receives a string from AT command interface without waiting for it. Request to Send (RTS) is set to ON. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if no data received otherwise is the string containing data received in the moment when command is activated.

Example:

a = MDM.read()

receives a string from AT command handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM.read command is 4096 bytes

2.2.4 MDM.sendbyte(byte, timeout)

This command sends a byte to AT command interface. First input parameter byte is any Python byte that will be to send to AT command interface. It can also be zero. Second input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from AT command interface. Waiting time is caused by hardware flow control. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = MDM.sendbyte(0x0d, 0)

For the products with the following old Order-Num. 3390250656, 3390250654 and 3990150466 the available buffer is 2048 bytes

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sends byte 0x0d, that stands for <CR>, to AT command handling, without waiting, assigning return value to b.

2.2.5 MDM.receivebyte(timeout)

This command receives a byte from AT command interface waiting for it until timeout is expired. Request to Send (RTS) is set to ON. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from AT command interface. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired without any data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = MDM2.receivebyte(20)

receives a byte from AT command handling, possibly waiting for it for 2.0 s, assigning return value to b.

2.2.6 MDM.readbyte()

This command receives a byte from AT command interface without waiting for it. Request to Send (RTS) is set to ON. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if no data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = MDM.readbyte()

receives a byte from AT command handling, assigning return value to b.

2.2.7 MDM.getDCD()

This command gets Carrier Detect (DCD) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if DCD is OFF or 1 if DCD is ON.

Example:

cd = MDM.getDCD()

gets DCD from AT command handling, assigning return value to cd.

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2.2.8 MDM.getCTS()

This command gets Clear to Send (CTS) from AT command interface. it has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if CTS is set to OFF or 1 if CTS is set to ON.

Example:

cts = MDM.getCTS()

gets CTS from AT command handling, assigning return value to cts.

2.2.9 MDM.getDSR()

This command gets Data Set Ready (DSR) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if DSR is OFF or 1 if DSR is ON.

Example:

dsr = MDM.getDSR()

gets DSR from AT command handling, assigning return value to dsr.

2.2.10 MDM.getRI()

This command gets Ring Indicator (RI) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if RI is set to OFF or 1 if RI is set to ON.

Example:

ri = MDM.getRI()

gets RI from AT command handling, assigning return value to ri.

2.2.11 MDM.setRTS(RTS_value)

This command sets Request to Send (RTS) in AT command interface. Input parameter RTS_value is a Python integer which is 0 if setting RTS to OFF or 1 if setting RTS to ON. No return value.

Example:

MDM.setRTS(1)

sets RTS to ON in AT command handling.

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2.2.12 MDM.setDTR(DTR_value)

This command sets Data Terminal Ready (DTR) in AT command interface. Input parameter DTR_value is a Python integer which is 0 if setting DTR to OFF or 1 if setting DTR to ON. No return value.

Example:

MDM.setDTR(0)

sets DTR to OFF in AT command handling.

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2.3 MDM2 built-in module4

MDM2 built-in module is the second interface between Python and mobile internal AT command handling. It is used to send AT commands from Python script to mobile and receive AT responses from mobile to Python script when the classic MDM built-in module already in use. MDM2 built-in module is independent from activation of CMUX on ASC0. In case you have enabled CMUX on ASC0 (AT#CMUXSCR=1) then the second CMUX port will be dedicated to MDM2 and no AT command handling will be possible on that port. Remember that first CMUX port is reserved for SER module and fourth CMUX port is in use for debug (print statements).

For the default start configuration echo (ATE0) is disabled and long form (verbose) is return codes (ATV1). If you want to use MDM2 built-in module you need to import it first:

import MDM2 than you can use MDM2 built-in module methods like in the following example:

a = MDM2.send('AT', 0) b = MDM2.sendbyte(0x0d, 0) c = MDM2.receive(10)

which sends 'AT' and receives 'OK'. More details about MDM2 built-in module methods can be found in the following paragraphs.

2.3.1 MDM2.send(string, timeout)

This command sends a string to AT command interface. First input parameter string is a Python string that will be send to AT command interface. Second input parameter timeout is a Python integer which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the time of waiting for the string to be sent to AT command interface, with maximum value of timeout. Waiting time is caused by hardware flow control. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired otherwise is 1.

Example:

a = MDM2.send('AT', 5)

sends string 'AT' to AT command handling, possibly waiting for 0.5 s, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM2.send command is 4096 bytes

feature available for the modules with the following Order-Num.: , GM862PYT***-***, GE863PYT***-***, GE864PYT***-***, GC864PYT***-***, GE864PYH***-***, GM862GPS***-***, G3863GPS***-***, and the old 3990250660 and 3990250657

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2.3.2 MDM2.receive(timeout)

This command receives a string from AT command interface waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first string received no matter of how long the timeout is. Request to Send (RTS) is set to ON. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from AT command interface. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if timeout has expired without any data received otherwise the string contains data received.

Example:

a = MDM2.receive(15)

receives a string from AT command handling, possibly waiting for it for 1.5 s, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM2.receive command is 4096 bytes.

2.3.3 MDM2.read()

This command receives a string from AT command interface without waiting for it. Request to Send (RTS) is set to ON. No input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if no data received otherwise the string contains data received in the moment when command is activated.

Example:

a = MDM2.read()

receives a string from AT command handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for MDM2.read command is 4096 bytes

2.3.4 MDM2.sendbyte(byte, timeout)

This command sends a byte to AT command interface. First input parameter byte is any Python byte that will be to send to AT command interface. It can also be zero. Second input parameter timeout is a Python integer which is the value in 1/10 s to wait for the byte to be sent to AT command interface before timeout expires. Waiting time is caused by hardware flow control.

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Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = MDM2.sendbyte(0x0d, 0)

sends byte 0x0d, that is <CR>, to AT command handling, without waiting, assigning return value to b.

2.3.5 MDM2.receivebyte(timeout)

Example:

b = MDM2.receivebyte(20)

receives a byte from AT command handling, possibly waiting for it for 2.0 s, assigning return value to b.

2.3.6 MDM2.readbyte()

Example:

b = MDM2.readbyte()

receives a byte from AT command handling, assigning return value to b.

2.3.7 MDM2.getDCD()

This command gets Carrier Detect (DCD) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if DCD is set to OFF or 1 if DCD is set to ON.

Example:

cd = MDM2.getDCD()

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gets DCD from AT command handling, assigning return value to cd.

2.3.8 MDM2.getCTS()

This command gets Clear to Send (CTS) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if CTS is set to OFF or 1 if CTS is set to ON. Example:

cts = MDM2.getCTS()

gets CTS from AT command handling, assigning return value to cts.

2.3.9 MDM2.getDSR()

This command gets Data Set Ready (DSR) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if DSR is set to OFF or 1 if DSR is set to ON.

Example:

dsr = MDM2.getDSR()

gets DSR from AT command handling, assigning return value to dsr.

2.3.10 MDM2.getRI()

This command gets Ring Indicator (RI) from AT command interface. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if RI is set to OFF or 1 if RI is set to ON.

Example:

ri = MDM2.getRI()

gets RI from AT command handling, assigning return value to ri.

2.3.11 MDM2.setRTS(RTS_value)

This command sets Request to Send (RTS) in AT command interface. Input parameter RTS_value is a Python integer which is 0 if setting RTS to set to OFF or 1 if setting RTS to set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

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MDM2.setRTS(1)

sets RTS to ON in AT command handling.

2.3.12 MDM2.setDTR(DTR_value)

This command sets Data Terminal Ready (DTR) in AT command interface. Input parameter DTR_value is a Python integer which is 0 if setting DTR to set to OFF or 1 if setting DTR to set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

MDM2.setDTR(0)

sets DTR to OFF in AT command handling.

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2.4 SER built-in module

SER built-in module is the interface between Python core and the device serial port over the RXD/TXD pins direct handling. You need to use SER built-in module if you want to send data from Python script to serial port and to receive data from serial port ASC0 to Python script. This serial port handling module can be used for example to interface the module with an external device such as a GPS and read/send its data (NMEA for example). SER built-in module has also been improved lately with the possibility to control physical lines.

If you want to use SER built-in module you need to import it first:

import SER

then you can use SER built-in module methods like in the following example:

a = SER.set_speed('9600') b = SER.send('test') c = SER.sendbyte(0x0d) d = SER.receive(10) which sends 'test' followed by <CR> and receives data waiting for one second.

More details about SER built-in module methods can be found in the following paragraphs.

2.4.1 SER.send(string)

This command sends a string to the serial port TXD/RXD. Input parameter string is a Python string that will be send to serial port ASC0. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

a = SER.send('test')

sends string 'test' to serial port ASC0 handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: the buffer available for SER.send(string) command is 4096 bytes

For the products with the following old Order-Num. 3390250656, 3390250654 and 3990150466 the available buffer is 2048 bytes

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2.4.2 SER.receive(timeout)

This command receives a string from serial port TXD/RXD waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first string received no matter of how long the timeout is. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from the serial port ASC0. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if timeout expired without any data received otherwise is the string containing data received.

Example:

a = SER.receive(15)

receives a string from serial port ASC0 handling, waiting for it for 1.5 s, assigning return value to a.

2.4.3 SER.read()

This command receives a string from serial port TXD/RXD without waiting for it. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if no data received otherwise is the string containing data received in the moment when command is activated.

Example:

a = SER.read()

receives a string from serial port ASC0 handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: the buffer available for the SER.receive(timeout) and SER.read() commands is 4096 bytes

2.4.4 SER.sendbyte(byte)

This command sends a byte to serial port TXD/RXD. Input parameter byte is any Python byte that will be send to serial port. It can also be zero. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = SER.sendbyte(0x0d)

sends byte 0x0d, that is <CR>, to serial port ASC0 handling, assigning return value to b.

For the products with the following old Order-Num. 3390250656, 3390250654 and 3990150466 the available buffer is 256 bytes

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2.4.5 SER.receivebyte(timeout)

This command receives a byte from serial port TXD/RXD waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first byte received no matter of how long the timeout is. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from serial port ASC0. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired without any data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = SER.receivebyte(20)

receives a byte from serial port ASC0 handling, waiting for it for 2.0 s, assigning return value to b.

2.4.6 SER.readbyte()

This command receives a byte from serial port TXD/RXD without waiting for it. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if no data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = SER.readbyte()

receives a byte from serial port ASC0 handling, assigning return value to b.

2.4.7 SER.set_speed(speed, <char format>)

This command sets serial port TXD/RXD speed. Default serial port TXD/RXD speed is 9600. Input parameter speed is a Python string which is the value of the serial port speed. It can be the same speeds as the +IPR command.

NOTE: sending the +IPR command to the device is not affecting the physical serial, when using Python engine you must use this function to set the speed of the port.

Optional Parameter <char format> is a Python string that represents the character format to be used: first is the number of bits per char (7 or 8), then the parity setting (N - none, E- even, O- odd) and the number of stop bits (1 or 2). Default value is "8N1". Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = SER.set_speed('115200')

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sets serial port ASC0 speed to 115200, assigning return value to b.

NOTE: in the PythonWin version pervious to TelitPy1.5.2+_V2.1.exe and Python on module version previous to Ver6.03.000 a different syntax is implemented depending of the development environment.

For PythonWin application: SER.SetSpeed(speed) without char format parameter. For Python installed on module: SER.set_speed(speed, char format) with char format not an optional parameter.

2.4.8 SER.setDCD(DCD_value)

This command sets Carrier Detect (DCD) in serial port ASC0. Input parameter DCD_value is a Python integer which is 0 if DCD is set to OFF or 1 if DCD is set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

SER.setDCD(1)

sets DCD to ON in ASC0.

2.4.9 SER.setCTS(CTS_value)

This command sets Clear to Send (CTS) in serial port ASC0. Input parameter CTS_value is a Python integer which is 0 if CTS is set to OFF or 1 if CTS is set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

SER.setCTS(1)

sets CTS to ON in ASC0.

2.4.10 SER.setDSR(DSR_value)

This command sets Data Set Ready (DSR) in serial port ASC0. Input parameter DSR_value is a Python integer which is 0 if DSR is set to OFF or 1 if DSR is set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

SER.setDSR(1)

sets DSR to ON in ASC0.

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2.4.11 SER.setRI(RI_value)

This command sets Ring Indicator (RI) in serial port ASC0. Input parameter RI_value is a Python integer which is 0 if RI is set to OFF or 1 if RI is set to ON. It has no return value.

Example:

SER.setRI(1)

sets RI to ON in ASC0.

2.4.12 SER.getRTS()

This command gets Request to Send (RTS) from serial port ASC0. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if RTS is set to OFF or 1 if RTS is set to ON.

Example:

rts = SER.getRTS()

gets RTS from ASC0, assigning return value to rts.

2.4.13 SER.getDTR()

This command gets Data Terminal Ready (DTR) from serial port ASC0. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if DTR is set to OFF or 1 if DTR is set to ON.

Example:

dtr = SER.getDTR()

gets DTR from ASC0, assigning return value to dtr.

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2.5 SER2 built-in module7

SER2 built-in module is the interface between Python and mobile internal serial port ASC1 direct handling. It is used when you want to send data from Python script to serial port ASC1 and receive data from serial port ASC1 to Python script. SER2 built-in module is available only for non-GPS products. When SER2 bulit-in module is imported, ASC1 will not be available for trace and debug, in order to have these functionalities you should activate CMUX on ASC0. If you are using CMUX on ASC0 (AT#CMUXSCR=1) then fourth CMUX port will be available for trace and debug. If you want to use SER2 built-in module you need to import it first:

import SER2 than you can use SER2 built-in module methods like in the following example: a = SER2.send('test') b = SER2.sendbyte(0x0d) c = SER2.receive(10)

which sends 'test' followed by <CR> and receives data waiting for one second. More details about SER2 built-in module methods can be found the following paragraphs.

2.5.1 SER2.send(string)

This command sends a string to the serial port ASC1. Input parameter string is a Python string that will be send to serial port ASC1. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

a = SER2.send('test')

sends string 'test' to serial port ASC1 handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: The buffer available for SER2.send command is 4096 bytes.

feature available for the modules with the following Order-Num. : GM862PYT***-***, GE863PYT***-***, GE864PYT***-***, , GC864PYT***-***, GE864PYH***-***,.

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2.5.2 SER2.receive(timeout)

This command receives a string from serial port ASC1 waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first string received no matter of how long the timeout is. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer, which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from the serial port ASC1. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if timeout expired without any data received otherwise is the string containing data received.

Example:

a = SER2.receive(15)

receives a string from serial port ASC1 handling, waiting for it for 1.5 s, assigning return value to a.

2.5.3 SER2.read()

This command receives a string from serial port ASC1 without waiting for it. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is an empty string if no data received otherwise is the string containing data received in the moment when command is activated.

Example:

a = SER2.read()

receives a string from serial port ASC1 handling, assigning return value to a.

NOTE: the buffer available for the SER2.receive(timeout) and SER2.read() commands is 4096 bytes.

2.5.4 SER2.sendbyte(byte)

This command sends a byte to serial port ASC1. Input parameter byte is any Python byte that will be send to serial port ASC1. It can also be zero. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = SER2.sendbyte(0x0d)

sends byte 0x0d, that is <CR>, to serial port ASC1 handling, assigning return value to b.

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2.5.5 SER2.receivebyte(timeout)

This command receives a byte from serial port ASC1 waiting for it until timeout is expired. Return value will be the first byte received no matter of how long the timeout is. Input parameter timeout is a Python integer which is measured in 1/10s, and represents the maximum time of waiting for the string from serial port ASC1. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if timeout expired without any data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = SER2.receivebyte(20)

receives a byte from serial port ASC1 handling, waiting for it for 2.0 s, assigning return value to b.

2.5.6 SER2.readbyte()

This command receives a byte from serial port ASC1 without waiting for it. No input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if no data received otherwise is the byte value received. It can also be zero.

Example:

b = SER2.readbyte()

receives a byte from serial port ASC1 handling, assigning return value to b.

2.5.7 SER2.set_speed(speed, <format>)

This command sets serial port ASC1 speed. Default serial port ASC1 speed is 9600. First input parameter speed is a Python string which is the value of the serial port speed. It can be in the range from '300' to '115200'. Second input parameter format is optional and is a Python string which is the serial port format. It can be ‘8N1’, ‘8N2’, ‘8E1’, ‘8O1’, ‘7N1’, ‘7N2’, ‘7E1’, ‘7O1’, or ‘8E2’. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = SER2.set_speed('115200')

sets serial port ASC1 speed to 115200, assigning return value to b.

2.6 GPIO built-in module

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GPIO built-in module output direct handling. You need to use GPIO built-in module if you want to set GPIO values from Python script and to read GPIO values from Python script. You can control GPIO pins also by sending internal 'AT#GPIO' commands using the MDM module, but using the GPIO module is faster because no command parsing is involved, therefore its use is recommended.

NOTE: Python core does not verify if the pins are already used for other purposes (IIC module or SPI module) by other functions, it's the customer responsibility to ensure that no conflict over pins occurs.

If you want to use GPIO built-in module you need to import it first:

import GPIO then you can use GPIO built-in module methods like in the following example: a = GPIO.getIOvalue(5) b = GPIO.setIOvalue(4, 1) this reads GPIO 5 value and sets GPIO 4 to output with value 1.

More details about GPIO built-in module methods are in the following paragraphs.

is the interface between Python core and module internal general purpose input

2.6.1 GPIO.setIOvalue(GPIOnumber, value)

Sets output value of a GPIO pin. First input parameter GPIOnumber is a Python integer which is the number of the GPIO. Second input parameter value is a Python integer which is the output value. It can be 0 or 1. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

b = GPIO.setIOvalue(4, 1)

sets GPIO 4 to output with value 1, assigning return value to b.

2.6.2 GPIO.getIOvalue(GPIOnumber)

Gets input or output value of a GPIO. Input parameter GPIOnumber is a Python integer which is the number of the GPIO.

Note: In case of data call, simulation in PythonWin of GPIO module will not be complete. (a dummy command replaces GPIO module commands)

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Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is input or output value. It is 0 or 1.

Example:

a = GPIO.getIOvalue(5)

gets GPIO 5 input or output value, assigning return value to b.

2.6.3 GPIO.setIOdir(GPIOnumber, value, direction)

Sets direction of a GPIO. First input parameter GPIOnumber is a Python integer which is the number of the GPIO. Second input parameter value is a Python integer which is the output value. It can be 0 or 1. It is only used if direction value is 1.

NOTE: when the direction value is 1, although the parameter value has no meaning, it is necessary to assign it one of the two possible values: 0 or 1

Third input parameter direction is a Python integer which is the direction value. It can be 0 for input or 1 for output. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

c = GPIO.setIOdir(4, 0, 0)

sets GPIO 4 to input with value having no meaning, assigning return value to c.

2.6.4 GPIO.getIOdir(GPIOnumber)

Gets direction of a GPIO. Input parameter GPIOnumber is a Python integer which is the number of the GPIO. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is direction value. It is 0 for input or 1 for output.

Example:

d = GPIO.getIOdir(7)

gets GPIO 7 direction, assigning return value to d.

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2.6.5 GPIO.getADC(adcNumber)9

Gets ADC value in the same way as AT#ADC command. Input parameter adcNumber is a Python integer which represents the ADC number that will be read and converted in voltage. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise the converted voltage is returned in mV.

Example:

mV = GPIO.getADC(2)

gets ADC number 2 input voltage, assigning return value in mV.

2.6.6 GPIO.setDAC(enable, value)8

Sets DAC value in the same way as AT#DAC command. First input parameter enable is a Python integer and can assume values 0 or 1. If it is set to 1 enables DAC output otherwise if it is set to 0 disabled DAC output. Second input parameter value is a Python integer and represents the scale factor of output voltage and can assume values in the range 0-1023. Return value is a Python integer that has value -1 if an error occurred otherwise it has value 1.

Example:

res = GPIO.setDAC(1, 512)

sets DAC output voltage at half the range, assigning return value to res.

2.6.7 GPIO.setVAUX(vauxNumber, enable)8

Enables or disables VAUX in the same way as AT#VAUX command. First input parameter vauxNumber is a Python integer that represents VUAX number that will be enabled or disabled. Second input parameter enable is a Python integer that can assume value 1 in order to enable VAUX output or 0 if VAUX output should be disabled. Return value is a Python integer that has value -1 if an error occurred otherwise it has value 1.

Example:

res = GPIO.setVAUX(1, 1)

enables VAUX number 1 output, assigning return value to res.

Available only for modules with following Order-Num.: GM862PYT***-***, , GE863PYT***-***, , GM862GPS******, GE863GPS***-***, GC864PYT***-*** , GC864PC2***-***, and the old 3990250657 and 3990250660

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2.6.8 GPIO.getAXE()9

Gets hands free status value in the same way as AT#AXE command. There is no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer that is 0 if a hand free is not connected or 1 if a hand free is connected.

Example:

hf = GPIO.getAXE()

gets AXE value, assigning return value to hf.

2.6.9 GPIO.setSLED(status, onDuration, offDuration)

Sets status led configuration values in the same way as AT#SLED does. First input parameter status is a Python integer that represents the configuration of status led and can assume the following values:

0 - ALWAYS OFF 1 - ALWAYS ON 2 - AUTO

3 - BLINKING Second input parameter onDuration is a Python integer which is the period of ON configuration of status led in 1/10 s. Third input parameter offDuration is a Python integer which is the period of OFF configuration of status led in 1/10 s. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise it is 1.

Example:

res = GPIO.setSLED(3, 10, 90)

sets status led configuration to blinking with 1s in ON period and 9s in OFF period, assigning return value to res.

2.6.10 GPIO.getCBC()9

Gets charger status and battery voltage values in the same way as AT#CBC command. There are no input parameter. Return value is a Python tuple formatted in the following way:

(chargerStatus, batteryVoltage).

First element of tuple is a Python integer which is charger status:

Available only for modules with following Order-Num.: GM862PYT***-***, , GE863PYT***-***, , GM862GPS******, GE863GPS***-***, GC864PYT***-***, GC864PC2***-***, GE864PYH***-***, and the old 3990250657 and 3990250660

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0 - charger not connected 1 - charger connected and charging 2 - charger connected and charging process completed Second element of tuple is a Python integer which is battery voltage in mV.

Example:

cbc = GPIO.getCBC()

gets charger status and battery voltage values, assigning return value to cbc tuple.

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2.7 MOD built-in module

MOD built-in module is the interface between Python and module miscellaneous functions. You need to use MOD built-in module if you want to generate timers in Python script.

If you want to use MOD built-in module you need to import it first:

import MOD

then you can use MOD built-in module methods like in the following example: MOD.sleep(15) this blocks Python script execution for 1.5s.

More details about MOD built-in module methods are in the following paragraphs.

2.7.1 MOD.secCounter()

Returns seconds elapsed since 1 January 2000. This method is useful for timers generation in Python script. No input parameter. Return value is a Python long integer which is the value of seconds elapsed since 1 January 2000. AT+CCLK command allows to read and set current date and time. Here are some useful constants:

• 1 day = 86400 seconds

• 1 year = 31536000 or 31622400 seconds

• 30 years from 1 January 1970 to 1 January 2000 = 946684800 seconds

(simply add this constant if you need seconds elapsed since 1 January 1970)

Example:

a = MOD.secCounter()

returns seconds elapsed since 1 January 2000.

2.7.2 MOD.sleep(sleeptime)

Blocks Python script execution for a given time returning the resources to the system. Input parameter sleeptime is a Python integer which is measured in 1/10s and used to block script execution for given value. No return value.

Example:

MOD.sleep(15)

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blocks Python script for 1.5 s.

NOTE: the parameter sleeptime can assume integer values is in the following range [0,32767]

2.7.3 MOD.watchdogEnable(timeout)

Protects system against script blocking by performing automatic reboot of the module when the watchdog reaches determined value. Input parameter timeout is an integer, which is measured in seconds and represents time to waiting before executing software restart. No return value.

Example:

MOD.watchdogEnable(50)

after 50sec from execution of this command module will be rebooted.

2.7.4 MOD.watchdogReset()11

Restarts watchdog counter that has been previously activated with the command MOD.watchdogEnable(timeout) preventing in this way reboot of the module. It should be added in every part of the script that can cause a script blocking (loops, etc) and is used only when Python watchdog is enabled. No input value. No return value.

Example:

MOD.watchdogReset()

Restarts Python watchdog counter.

2.7.5 MOD.watchdogDisable()11

Disables Python watchdog that has been previously activated with the command MOD.watchdogEnable(timeout). Python watchdog should be disabled before scripts critical lines such as import, since it takes a long time and then enabled again after. No input value. No return value.

Example:

MOD.watchdogDisable()

feature available for the modules with the following Order-Num. : GM862PYT***-***, , GE863PYT***-***, , GM862GPS***-***, GE863GPS***-***, GC864PYT***-*** GC864PC2***-***, GE864PYH***-***,and the old 3990250657 and 3990250660

Disables Python watchdog.

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2.7.6 MOD.powerSaving(timeout)

This new feature allows Python to put the system in power saving mode12 for a certain period or until an external event

occurs in the same way as AT command AT+CFUN=0 does. Input parameter

timeout is an integer, which is measured in seconds and represents time for which the Python script remains blocked. Python script will exit power saving mode when the determined value of timeout is reached or after unsolicited signal. If the timeout has negative value Python script will exit from power saving mode only when an external event occurs. No return value.

Example:

MOD.powerSaving(100)

Python script will exit power saving mode after 100sec or when an external event occurs.

2.7.7 MOD.powerSavingExitCause()11

This command can be executed after MOD.powerSaving(timeout) and gives the cause of unblocking the Python script. No input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if Python script has exit power saving mode after an external event otherwise it is 1 if Python script has exit power saving mode after the timeout is reached.

Example:

MOD.powerSavingExitCause()

gets the cause of exiting of Python script from the power saving mode

ATTENTION: when the script debugging is activated the module does not enter in power saving mode

an external event in this case can be: URC unsolicited message (ex. RING of incoming calls) or putting RTS high (when it goes back low the power saving mode remains disabled)

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2.8 IIC built-in module

IIC built-in module14 is an implementation on the Python core of the IIC bus15 Master (No Multi-Master) using the "bit-banging" technique. You need to use IIC built-in module if you want to create one or more IIC bus on the available GPIO pins. This IIC bus handling module is mapped on creation on two GPIO pins that will become the Serial Data and Serial Clock pins of the bus. It can be created more than one IIC bus over different pins and the pins used must not be used for other purposes.

NOTE: Python core does not verify if the pins are already used for other purposes (SPI module or GPIO module) by other functions, it's the customer responsibility to ensure that no conflict over pins occurs.

If you want to use IIC built-in module you need to import it first: import IIC

then you can create the new bus over the GPIO pins (for example over the pins GPIO3, GPIO4) and then use IIC built-in module methods like in the following example:

IICbus = IIC.new(3, 4, 0x50) IICbus.init() res = IICbus.readwrite('test', 10) which sends 'test' and receives a string of 10 bytes from IIC bus device at address 0x50, assigning it to res.

NOTE: you must provide external pull-up on SDA line since the line is working as open collector, on the other hand SCLK is driven with a complete push pull. More details about IIC built-in module object methods are in the following paragraphs.

2.8.1 IIC.new(SDA_pin, SCL_pin, <ADDR>)

This command creates a new IIC bus object on the GPIO pins number. Input parameter SDA_pin, SCL_pin are Python bytes, which are the GPIO pin number where the SDA (Serial Data) and SCL (Serial Clock) lines are mapped. Optional parameter ADDR is the address of IIC bus device. Return value is the Python custom IIC bus object pointer, which then shall be used to interface with the IIC bus created.

Example:

myIIC1 = IIC.new(3,4,0x50)

Note: IIC module cannot be simulated in Python Win

With the following clock frequency: 0KHz min, 20KHz typical (idle mode)

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This creates one IIC bus over the lines SDA=GPIO3 and SCL=GPIO4 with default address 0x50. If no address defined, the address anyway can be feed with the readwrite() function as first part of the string.

NOTE: available pins for the IIC bus are GPIO1 - GPIO13. The only exception is the module family GM862 where available pins are GPIO2 - GPIO13 where GPIO2 must be used only for output.

2.8.2 IIC object method: init()

This command does the first pin initialisation on the IIC bus previously created. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer that is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1. Example:

status = myIIC1.init()

2.8.3 IIC object method: readwrite(string, read_len)16

This command can send a string or receive a string of read_len bytes from from IIC bus device at address addr. First input parameter string is Python character while the second parameter read_len is a Python integer used in process of reading data from the IIC bus and can assume values in the range from 0 to 254. Return value is a Python string which contains received data.

Example of use:

#start of I2C example for a particular I2C device

import IIC import MOD

I2C_SCL = 12 # GPIO used for SCL pin I2C_SDA = 4 # GPIO used for SDA pin I2C_ADDR = 0x50 # myIIC1 address NUM_REGS = 8 # max # of registers

myIIC1 = IIC.new(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL, I2C_ADDR) status = myIIC1.init() #MOD.sleep(5)

print ' Writing from ADDR = 0x08, DATA = "Telit" ' if myIIC1.readwrite('\x08'+'Telit',0) == -1: print 'Error acknowledged' #MOD.sleep(5)

NOTE: it is not possible to perform at the same time reading and writing of the string

ret = myIIC1.readwrite('\x08', 14) # Random read print ' RANDOM READ FROM ADDR = 0x08, 14 bytes: %s' % ret #MOD.sleep(5)

print ' Writing DATA= "hello!" from ADDR = 0x00' myIIC1.readwrite('\x00'+ 'hello!', 0) #MOD.sleep(5)

print ' SETTING CURRENT ADDRESS = 0x00' if myIIC1.readwrite('\x00',0) == -1: print 'Error acknowledged' #MOD.sleep(5)

ret = myIIC1.readwrite('', 22) # Current address read print ' CURRENT ADDR READ = 0x00, 22 bytes: %s' % ret MOD.sleep(5)

ret = myIIC1.readwrite('\x00', 254) # Current address read print ' read 254 bytes with readwrite: %s' % ret

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2.8.4 IIC object method: sendbyte(byte)

Sends a byte to the IIC bus previously created. Input parameter byte is a Python byte which is the byte to be sent to the IIC bus. The start and stop condition on the bus are added by the function. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1 the byte has been acknowledged by the slave.

Example:

Supposing to set:

bus1 = IIC.new(3,4) bus2 = IIC.new(5,6) a = bus1.init()

then:

a = bus1.sendbyte(123)

sends byte 123 to the IIC bus , assigning return result value to a.

2.8.5 IIC object method: send(string)

Sends a string to the IIC bus previously created. Input parameter string is a Python string which is the string to send to the IIC bus.

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Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1 if all bytes of the string have been acknowledged by the slave.

Example:

a = bus1.send('test')

sends string 'test' to the IIC bus , assigning return result value to a.

2.8.6 IIC object method: dev_read(addr, len)

Receives a string of len bytes from IIC bus device at address addr. Return value is a Python string which is containing data received.

Example:

a = bus1.dev_read(114,10)

receives a string of 10 bytes from IIC bus device at address 114, assigning it to a.

2.8.7 IIC object method: dev_write(addr, string)

Sends a string to the IIC bus device at address addr. Return value is a Python string which is 1 if data is acknowledged correctly, -1 otherwise.

Example:

a = bus1.dev_write(114,'123456789')

sends the string '123456789' to the IIC bus device at address 114, assigning the result to a.

2.8.8 IIC object method: dev_gen_read(addr, start, len)

Receives a string of len bytes from IIC bus device whose address is addr, starting from address start. Return value is a Python string which is containing data received.

Example:

a = bus1.dev_gen_read(114,122, 10) receives a string of 10 bytes from IIC bus device at address 114, starting from address 122 assigning it to a.

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2.8.9 IIC object method: dev_gen_write(addr, start, string)

Sends a string to the IIC bus device whose address is addr, starting from address start. Return value is a Python string which is 1 if data is acknowledged correctly, -1 otherwise.

Example:

a = bus1.dev_gen_write(114, 112, '123456789')

sends the string '123456789' to the IIC bus device at address 114, starting from address 112, assigning the result to a.

2.9 SPI built-in module

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SPI built-in module banging" technique. You need to use SPI built-in module if you want to create one or more SPI bus on the available GPIO pins.

This SPI bus handling module is mapped on creation on three or more GPIO pins that will become the Serial Data In/Out and Serial Clock pins of the bus, plus a number of optional chip select pins up to 8. It can be created more than one SPI bus over different pins and these pins must not be used for other purposes.

NOTE: Python core does not verify if the pins are already used for other purposes (IIC module or GPIO module) by other functions, it's the customer responsibility to ensure that no conflict over pins occurs.

If you want to use SPI built-in module you need to import it first:

import SPI

the functions to use are: create your SPI object (new), initialize (init) and transfer data (readwrite) like in the example:

mySPIobject = SPI.new(3, 4 ,5, 6) mySPIobject.init(0, 0, 0, 0) d = mySPIobject.readwrite(’test’, 4)

sends 'test' and receives byte from the SPI bus device.

More details about SPI built-in module object methods are in the following paragraphs.

is an implementation on the Python core of the SPI bus Master using the "bit-

2.9.1 SPI.new(SCLK_pin, MOSI_pin, MISO_pin, <SS0>, <SS1>,…<SS7>)

This command creates a new SPI bus object on the corresponding GPIO pins. Input parameter SCLK_pin, MOSI_pin and MISO_pin are Python bytes that represent the GPIO pin number where the SCLK (Serial CLocK), MOSI (Master Output Slave Input), MISO (Master Input Slave Output) lines are mapped. Input parameter SSi_line is a mandatory Python byte if the SPI device needs to be selected by Slave Select line: it is the GPIO pin number where the SSi (i Select lines can be defined.

Note: SPI module cannot be simulated in Python Win

Slave Select) line is mapped. Up to 8 Slave

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The SS_pin is optional because not all SPI devices have a Slave Select line, otherwise named Chip Select (CS) line.

Return value is the Python custom SPI object pointer that will be used further to interface with this specific SPI object created.

Example:

mySPIobject = SPI.new(6, 7, 8, 9, 10)

Creates an SPI object “mySPIobject” where SCLK=GPIO6, MOSI=GPIO7, MISO=GPIO8 and SS0=GPIO9, SS1=GPIO10

NOTE: available pins for the SPI bus are GPIO1 - GPIO13. The only exception is the module family GM862 where available pins are GPIO3 - GPIO13.

2.9.2 SPI object method: init (CPOL, CPHA, <SSPOL>, <SS>)

This command performs the initialization on the SPI bus previously created, and can be reused as many time as necessary if some of its parameters need changes during work. First input parameter CPOL represents clock polarity and is controlled in the following way:

• CPOL = 0 - clock polarity low

• CPOL = 1 - clock polarity high

Second input parameter CPHA represents clock phase transmission and is controlled in the following way:

• CPHA = 0 - data bit is clocked/latched on the first edge of the SCLK.

• CPHA = 1 - data bit is clocked/latched on the second edge of the SCLK.

The combinations of polarity and phases are often referred to as SPI modes.

Third parameter SSPOL is optional and represents the Slave Select Polarity and can assume the following values:

• SSPOL = 0 - polarity low (default)

• SSPOL = 1 - polarity high

Fourth parameter SS is optional and represents the Default Slave Select line number to use among the already defined slave select (SS) lines for this SPI object and then it can assume values from 0 to

• SS = unused - means that if not SS settled in readwrite() parameter’s function, no SS will be moved.

• SS = 0…7 – Defined the default SS line to move if not SS settled in readwrite() parameter’s function.

Return value is a Python integer, which is -1 if an error occurred, otherwise is 1.

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Example:

status = mySPIobject.init(0, 0, 0) In this initialization no SS line is defined as default, and no SS line will be moved if not set in readwrite function.

status = mySPIobject.init(0, 0, 0, 1) In this initialization the SS=1 refers to the use of SS1, already defined in SPI.new(6, 7, 8, 9, 10) as GPIO10.

status = mySPIobject.init(0, 0, 0, 0) In this initialization the SS=0 refers to the use of SS0, already defined in SPI.new(6, 7, 8, 9, 10) as GPIO9.

2.9.3 SPI object method: readwrite(string, <read_len>, <SS>)

This command sends string and receives read_len bytes at the same time from SPI bus device at Slave Select line number SS. First input parameter string is a Python string while the second optional

parameter read_len is a

Python integer used only for reading data and can assume values in the range from 0 to 254.

The third optional input parameter SS, if defined, selects which of SS line number defined in SPI.new will be used and, if not defined, the default Slave Select line number in SPI.init, if any, will be used.

Return value is a Python string that contains (read_len bytes) of sent and/or received data, in case an error occurs return value will be –1 or NULL if is memory error.

Example:

myString = mySPIobject.readwrite(‘hello’, 10)

send the string "hello" and receives a string of 10 bytes from the SPI device, assigning it to myString

Example of writing and reading of a memory in a particular SPI device (addressable by a Slave Select pin)

#start of SPI example import SPI import MOD import MDM import GPIO

CMD_WRITE = '\x02' #this value is not the value for any SPI device, but for tested one only! CMD_READ = '\x03' #this value is not the value for any SPI device, but for tested one only!

In case of read operation this parameter is obligatory

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CMD_RESET = '\xC0' REG_ADDR_X = '\x0E' #this value is not the value for any SPI device, but for tested one only! REG_ADDR_Y = '\x0F' #this value is not the value for any SPI device, but for tested one only! TWO_READ_ACCESS = '\x00\x00' # string of the length equal to the number of bytes to receive

MySPI1 = SPI.new (3,10,8,6) # (SCLK, MOSI, MISO, SS0) MySPI1.init (0,0,0,0) # (CPOL, CPHA, SSPOL, SS)

#Power Up, Reset and Clock ON routine for the SPI device can also be implemented from outside

MySPI1.readwrite (CMD_WRITE + REG_ADDR_Y + '\xAC') # write 0xAC in REG_ADDR_Y

myString = MySPI1.readwrite (CMD_READ + REG_ADDR_X, 4) print "DATA VALUE AT ADDR_X and _Y =",hex(ord(myString[2]))+' and '+ hex(ord(myString[3])) # values of myString [0] and myString [1] correspond to the status output while writing

myString = MySPI1.readwrite(CMD_READ + REG_ADDR_X + TWO_READ_ACCESS,4) # does the same as previous: this is to maintain the backward compatibility with the past version of the readwrite method

ret = MySPI1.readwrite (CMD_READ, 129) # read first byte (cmd) plus 128 bytes starting from the last position

i = 0 print "STATUS =",hex(ord(ret[i])) while (i < 128): print "REGISTER[",hex(i),"]:",hex(ord(ret[i + 1])) i = i + 1

#end of SPI example

2.9.4 SPI object method: sendbyte(byte, <SS_number>)

NOTE: We advice to use the new readwrite (2.9.3) method to send bytes or strings.

Sends a byte to the SPI bus previously created Slave Select signal is activated. Input parameter byte is a Python byte which is the byte to be sent to the SPI bus. Optional parameter SS_number is a Python byte representing the Slave number to be activated; if not present no slave line is activated. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1 the byte has been sent.

Example:

a = bus3.sendbyte(123)

sends byte 123 to the SPI bus , assigning return result value to a.

addressed for the Slave number SS_number whose

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b=bus4.sendbyte(111,1)

sends byte 111 to the SPI bus activating the Slave Select line of the SS1 device (in our example GPIO10)

2.9.5 SPI object method: readbyte(<SS_number>)

NOTE: We advice to use the new readwrite (2.9.3) method to send bytes or strings.

Receives a byte from the SPI bus device at Slave Select number SS_number. Input optional parameter SS_number is a Python byte representing the Slave number to be activated; if not present no slave line is activated. Return value is a byte (integer) received from the SPI bus device if no data is received the return value will be zero.

Example:

a = bus3.readbyte()

receives a byte from the SPI bus , assigning return result value to a.

b=bus4.readbyte(1)

receives a byte from the SPI bus device on SS1 line, assigning return result value to b.

2.9.6 SPI object method: send(string, <SS_number>)

NOTE: We advice to use the new readwrite (2.9.3) method to send bytes or strings.

Sends a string to the SPI bus previously created. Input parameter string is a Python string which is the string to send to the SPI bus. Optional parameter SS_number is a Python byte representing the Slave number to be activated; if not present no slave line is activated. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1 if all bytes of the string have been sent. Example:

a = bus3.send('test')

sends string 'test' to the SPI bus , assigning return result value to a.

2.9.7 SPI object method: read(len, <SS_number>)

NOTE: We advice to use the new readwrite (2.9.3) method to send bytes or strings.

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Receives a string of len bytes from SPI bus device at Slave Select number SS_number. Input optional parameter SS_number is a Python byte representing the Slave number to be activated; if not present no slave line is activated. Return value is a Python string that contains received data. Example:

a = bus4.read(10,0)

receives a string of 10 bytes from SPI bus device on SS0 line, assigning it to a.

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2.10 GPS19 built-in module

GPS built-in module is the interface between Python and mobile internal GPS controller. It is used in order to handle GPS controller without dedicated AT commands through MDM built-in module.

If you want to use GPS built-in module you need to import it first: import GPS

After this you can start using GPS built-in module methods like in the following example:

position = GPS.getActualPosition() gets a string with position information formatted in the same way as AT$GPSACP response. More details about GPS built-in module methods can be found in the following paragraphs.

2.10.1 GPS. powerOnOff(newStatus)

This module powers ON/OFF GPS controller in the same way as AT command: AT$GPSP. Input parameter newStatus is a Python integer and can have the following values:

• 0 to power OFF GPS controller

• 1 to power ON GPS controller.

There is no return value.

Example:

GPS.powerOnOff(0)

GPS controller is powered OFF.

2.10.2 GPS.getPowerOnOff()

This module gets GPS controller current power ON/OFF status. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is 0 if GPS controller is powered off or 1 if GPS controller is powered on.

Example:

status = GPS.getPowerOnOff()

gets GPS controller current power ON/OFF status, assigning return value to status.

Available only for modules with following Order-Num.: GM862GPS***-***, GE863GPS***-*** and the old

3990250657 and 3990250660,

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2.10.3 GPS.resetMode(mode)

This module resets GPS controller in the same way as AT command: AT$GPSR. Input parameter mode is a Python integer and can have the following values:

• 0 for Hardware reset

• 1 for Coldstart (No Almanac, No Ephemeris);

• 2 for Warmstart (No Ephemeris);

• 3 for Hotstart (with stored Almanac and Ephemeris).

Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

res = GPS.resetMode(1)

executes a cold restart of GPS controller, assigning return value to res.

2.10.4 GPS.getAntennaVoltage()

This module gets GPS antenna supply voltage in the same way as AT command: AT$GPSAV. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which represents antenna supply voltage in mV.

Example:

mV = GPS.getAntennaVoltage()

gets GPS antenna supply voltage, assigning return value to mV.

2.10.5 GPS.getAntennaCurrent()

This module gets GPS antenna current consumption in the same way as AT command: AT$GPSAI. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which represents antenna current consumption in mA.

Example:

mA = GPS.getAntennaCurrent()

gets GPS antenna current consumption, assigning return value to mA.

2.10.6 GPS.getActualPosition()

This module gets GPS last position information stored in the same way as with AT command: AT$GPSACP. It has no input parameter.

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Return value is a Python string which is the last position information formatted in the same way as for AT$GPSACP command response.

Example:

lastPosition = GPS.getActualPosition()

gets GPS last position information, assigning return value to lastPosition.

2.10.7 GPS.powerSavingMode(mode, pushToFixPeriod)

This module sets GPS controller power saving mode in the same way as AT command AT$GPSPS. First input parameter mode is a Python integer and can have the following values:

• 0 for Power Saving disabled – Continuous Power (default);

• 1 for Trickle Power activated;

• 2 for Push To Fix Mode enabled.

Second input parameter pushToFixPeriod is a Python integer which is the value of push to fix period in seconds used when mode=2. If mode= 0 or mode= 1 this parameter has no meaning and can be set to any value. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

res = GPS.powerSavingMode(2, 15)

sets GPS controller in power saving mode 2 with push to fix period of 15 seconds, assigning return value to res.

2.10.8 GPS.powerSavingWakeUp()

This command wakes up GPS controller while in power saving mode in the same way as AT command AT$GPSWK. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python integer which is -1 if an error occurred otherwise is 1.

Example:

res = GPS.powerSavingWakeUp()

wakes up GPS controller while in power saving, assigning return value to res.

2.10.9 GPS.getLastGGA()

This command gets GPS last GGA NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter.

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Return value is a Python string which is the last GGA NMEA sentence formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

gga = GPS.getLastGGA()

gets last GGA NMEA sentence, assigning return value to gga.

2.10.10 GPS.getLastGLL()

This command gets GPS last GLL NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is the last GLL NMEA sentence formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

gll = GPS.getLastGLL()

gets last GLL NMEA sentence, assigning return value to gll.

2.10.11 GPS.getLastGSA()

This command gets GPS last GSA NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is the last GSA NMEA sentence formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

gsa = GPS.getLastGSA()

gets last GSA NMEA sentence, assigning return value to gsa.

2.10.12 GPS.getLastGSV()

This command gets GPS last GSV NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is the concatenation of the last GSV NMEA sentences formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

gsv = GPS.getLastGSV()

gets last GSV NMEA sentence, assigning return value to gsv.

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2.10.13 GPS.getLastRMC()

This command gets GPS last RMC NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is the last RMC NMEA sentence formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

rms = GPS.getLastRMC()

gets last RMC NMEA sentence, assigning return value to rmc.

2.10.14 GPS.getLastVTG()

This command gets GPS last VTG NMEA sentence stored. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python string which is the last VTG NMEA sentence formatted according to NMEA specification.

Example:

vtg = GPS.getLastVTG()

gets last VTG NMEA sentence, assigning return value to vtg.

2.10.15 GPS.getPosition()

This command gets GPS last position stored in numeric format. It has no input parameter. Return value is a Python tuple formatted in the following way <latitude, latNorS, longitude, lonEorW> where:

• First element of tuple is a Python integer which is latitude in (degrees * 10000000), that is in degrees with 10000000 scale factor.

• Second element of tuple in a Python string which is ‘N’ for north or ‘S’ for south.

• Third element of tuple is a Python integer which is longitude in (degrees * 10000000), that is

in degrees with 10000000 scale factor.

• Fourth element of tuple in a Python string which is ‘E’ for east or ‘W’ for west.

If GPS controller has no position information the following tuple is returned: (0, ‘’, 0, ‘’).

Example:

pos = GPS.getPosition()

gets last position stored, assigning return value to pos.

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3 Python Script Operations

3.1 Executing a Python script

The steps required to have a script running by the python engine of the module are:

• write the python script;

• download the python script into the module NVM;

• enable the python script;

• execute the python script.

3.1.1 Write Python script

A Python script is a simple text file, it can be written with any text editor but for your convenience a complete Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is included in a software package that Telit provides called Telit Python Package. Remembering the supported features described in 1.6, it is simple to write the script and test it directly from the IDE. The followin command parser, waits for response and then ends.

import MDM print 'Hello World!' result = MDM.send('AT\r', 0) print result c = MDM.receive(10) print c

g is the "Hello Word" short Python script that sends the simplest AT command to the AT

3.1.2 Download Python script

Command: AT#WSCRIPT=“< script_name >“,< size >,< know-how >

• < script_name >: file name

• < size >: file size (number of bytes)

• < know-how >: know how protection, 1 = on, 0 = off (default)

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The script can be downloaded on the module using the #WSCRIPT command. In order to guarantee your company know-how, you have the option to hide the script text so that the #RSCRIPT command does not return the text of the script and keeps it "confidential", you can see only the name of the script with the #LSCRIPT command. Remember that if you chose to hide the script text it is your responsibility to keep the information about what is executed on the module; for example by naming the script depending from the application and version of the script. In order to download the script, first you have to choose a name for your script in the module taking care that:

• it must have extension .py

;

• the maximum allowed length is 16 characters;

• script name is case sensitive (“Script.py” and “script.py” are two different scripts).

Then you have to find out the exact size in bytes of the script (for example right clicking on the file and selecting “size” in “properties”, attention: not “size on the disc”) The script download in Hyper Terminal is done regardless the previous serial settings at: 115200 baud 8-N-1 with hardware flow control active.

Only the file that will be executed afterwards must have the extension .py. In download phase the files can

also have .pyo extension (altreday compiled files) or any other binary format.

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For example:

AT#WSCRIPT=”a.py”,110

wait for the prompt >>>

and use “Send Text file” with ASCII Setup: “Send line ends with line feeds” and “Append line feeds to incoming line ends” in HyperTerminal “Properties” enabled. Wait for download result: OK or ERROR.

TIP: If download result gives ERROR check if the script name (remember that it is case sensitive) or the file size are correct.

Another way to perform download is: disconnecting in Hyper Terminal, when the prompt appears, then right clicking on the file and selecting “download”, when the download ends reconnecting in Hyper Terminal.

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If instead of Hyper Terminal you use Procomm Plus application the script text should be sent using “Send File”, selecting “Raw ASCII” or “ASCII” as Transfer Protocol. If you use “ASCII” transfer protocol, be sure the options “Expand tabs” and “Expand black lines” are not selected.

3.1.3 Enable Python script

Command: AT#ESCRIPT=“< script_name >“ AT#ESCRIPT?

• < script_name >: file name

Select the Python script which will be executed (the enabled script) from the next start-up and in every future start-up using the AT#ESCRIPT command. In case the Python script consists of more than one file only the main file should be executed. First choose the script you want to enable between the ones you’ve downloaded:

AT#LSCRIPT? can help you checking the names of the scripts; AT#ESCRIPT? can help you check the name of the script that is enabled at the moment

NOTE: There is no error return value for non existing script name in the module memory typed in command AT#ESCRIPT. For this reason it’s recommended to double check the name of the script that you want to execute. On the other hand this characteristic permits additional possibilities: like enabling the Python script before downloading it on the module or non having to enable the same script name every time the script has been changed, deleted and replaced with another script but with the same name. Note also that the file extension must be .py. For example:

AT#ESCRIPT=”a.py”

Wait for enable result: OK.

3.1.4 Execute Python script

The Python script you have downloaded to module and enabled is executed at every module power on if the DTR line is sensed LOW (2.8V at the module DTR pin - RS232 signals are inverted -) at startup, (in this case no AT command interface is connected to the modem port) and if the script name you enabled matches with one of the script names of the scripts you downloaded.

Note: Python script will be executed when the module is powered ON and if the serial cable has previously

been disconnected.

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In order to gain again the AT command interface on the modem physical port (for example to update locally a new script) the module shall be powered on with the DTR line HIGH (0V at the module DTR pin) so that the script is not executed and the Python engine is stopped. The real execution of the Python script is delayed from the power on due to the time needed by Python to parse the script. The longer is the script, the longer is this delay.

NOTE: that only the running script is compiled at run time, all the others that this script may include are compiled once and the compiled result is saved in the NVM as a file with extension .pyo. This delay can be greatly reduced with a simple stratagem:

• type your script normally, and include the main loop in a function, for example "main()", save it to the NVM of the module with a known name, for example appl.py

• write a new script that includes the previous file object, for example "import appl", and this file should call only the main function of the appl.py script, for example main().

In this way the first time the script is executed the imported files will be compiled and the result saved as compiled .pyo files (don't delete them during normal operations, but remember to delete them if you change the corresponding .py script otherwise your changes will not take effect). From the next startup and in every future start-up the imported files will not be anymore compiled and script execution delay is greatly reduced.

This trick is useful also for long complex scripts, which may run out of memory during compilation; splitting the script into several smaller scripts containing part of the functions/objects definitions will separate the compilation and allow for much bigger script usage.

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3.1.5 Reading Python script

Command: AT#RSCRIPT=“< script_name >“

• < script_name >: file name

With the following command AT#RSCRIPT you can read a saved script text. The script text read can be saved using “Capture Text” in HyperTerminal or “Capture File” in Procomm Plus application. Port settings should be baud rate 115200bps and hardware flow control. If know-how protection is activated than AT#RSCRIPT will return only OK: no Python script source code will be returned. In this way nobody will be able to read your Python script from the module. The Python script will be still in the Python script list and it will be still possible to delete it and to overwrite it.

Example:

AT#RSCRIPT=”a.py”

returns Python script source code a.py

3.1.6 List saved Python scripts

Command: AT#LSCRIPT?

This is a read command that shows the list of the script names currently saved and number of free bytes in memory. No input parameter.

3.1.7 Deleting Python script

Command: AT#DSCRIPT=“< script_name >“

• < script_name >: file name

The Python script can be deleted from the module memory using the #DSCRIPT command. For example:

AT#DSCRIPT=”a.py”

Wait for result: OK.

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NOTE: Commands used to write, read and delete script like AT#WSCRIPT, AT#LSCRIPT, AT#RSCRIPT and AT#DSCRIPT can be applied on any type of file, not necessary an executable Python script. (example: received data files)

3.1.8 Restart Python script

Command: AT#REBOOT

This is an execution command that causes the restart of the module and execution of the active script on the start-up.

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3.2 Run AT Interface and Python at the same time

With new start mode for Python it is possible to use standard AT command interface on ASC0 and run a Python script at the same time. This behavior can be obtained with the following AT command:

AT#STARTMODESCR=2

When this command is set, note that the following differences with the standard use of AT interface will appear:

• AT command interface is available on ASC0 and is connected to third AT instance parser. Note that parameters saved in profiles can be different between different AT instance parsers, so in this case only setting from the third AT instance parser will be applied.

• AT command interface is available on ASC0 and is connected to third AT instance parser even while the script is not enabled (AT#ESCRIPT) and is not running.

• AT command interface is available on ASC0 and continues to be connected to third AT instance parser also in case Python script exits, for an error or ends normally.

• AT command interface will not be available on ASC0 if the Python script imports module SER.

• For backward compatibility MDM interface must stay connected to first AT instance parser and

MDM2 interface must stay connected to second AT instance parser.

• If there is an enabled Python script and the module is powered-on the Python script will start running, the only way to interrupt its execution is to disable it by sending AT#ESCRIPT and reboot the Telit module. Another possibility is to change script startmode with AT#STARTMODESCR

command by setting parameter values to 0 or 1 while the Python

script is running and rebooting the Telit module afterwards.

• This mode is not compatible with setting AT#CMUXSCR=1.

Normally, AT command interface on ASC0 is connected to first AT instance parser (in case we’re use the serial port with or without CMUX and there is no Python script running) while in case of AT#STARTMODESCR=2 CMUX is activated and third CMUX port will be used for AT command interface (which means that settings from the third AT instance parser will be applied).

For further information on this AT command and parameter settings please consult AT Commands Reference Guide

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3.3 Debug Python script

The debug of the active Python script can be done both on the emulated environment of the Telit

Python Package (refer to its documentation) or directly on the target with the second serial port pin

EMMI TX (actually a not translated RS232 serial port as the RXD pin).

Connect to the module serial port EMMI TX at 115200 8-N-1 with hardware flow control active. Now you can see all Python outputs to stdout and stderr:

• Python information messages (for example the version);

• Python error information;

• Results of all Python “print” statements.

The Telit GM862-GPS and GE863-GPS have the second serial port pin EMMI TX used for continuous direct output of GPS NMEA sentences that’s why there is another procedure to follow for debugging of the Telit GPS modules. There are two ways to perform direct debugging: activate SSC port or use CMUX.

3.3.1 Debug Python script on GPS modules using SSC bus

SSC (Serial Synchronous Controller) port can be configured to be compatible to the SPI Interface, available via 4 GPIO pins. In this case the Python debug data will be read from the USB port placed on the EVK2. NOTE: for the direct debug of GPS modules a software version starting from 7.02.001 is needed

3.3.1.1 Installation of the drivers

Before starting the process of debug the drivers should be installed in the following way:

• Download the FTDI drivers and the installation guide in order to use the USB port placed on the EVK2 (http://www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/D2XX.htm

• Save the drivers (unzipped) on the PC

• After connecting USB cable with PC and USB port placed on the EVK2 (that has been

powered on): the installation procedure should start, according to the installation guide instructions

• When the installation is concluded you will have four new COM ports (see Control Panel – System – Hardware – Device Manager) and one not visible SSC port

)

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• close any application controlling the serial ports and install the Python Debug application (please contact our technical support to get Python Debug application)

NOTE: if an error messages appears during the installation, it will be necessary to close any application controlling the serial ports

• the following box should appear when you run the Pythondebug.exe for the first time:

• Select the Setup option.

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• Then select a Virtual COM, different from the other COM ports preferably (“COM8” in the figure), and associate to it the first SSC device that appearing in the list (“Data Module EVK2A” in the figure),

• the following figure should appear:

NOTE: If the PC uses the EVK2 RS232 upper port (ASC0) to send AT commands, remember to put all jumpers to set RS232 mode. This will not affect reading of Python debug data from the USB port

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3.3.1.2 Debugging process

After the successful installation of the drivers process of direct debugging of the Telit GPS modules can start. The steps are the following:

• Switch on the module and activate the SSC output with the following AT command: AT#SSCTRACE=1

• Download and enable your Python script, then power OFF the module.

• to be sure that DTR input to the module is HIGH disconnect the RS232 cable from the

module side (i.e. RS232 DTR on the modem serial port is LOW);

• check if you have the USB cable connected between the USB port of the PC and the USB port placed on the EVK2

• every time before you power ON the module you have to click on the Reset button in the Python Debug application (necessary to reactivate the association between the virtual Com

port and the SSC device)

• Run a terminal emulator application (e.g. Hyper Terminal) to trace the activity of the Python script, with the following setting:

connected

COM

Bit rate

Data bits

Parity

Stop bit

Flow control

• Power ON the module and you should see the script starting and the debug info appearing on the terminal emulator window.

• If the debug strings do not appear on the screen: power OFF the module, check again if USB cable is correctly connected, reset the Python Debug application, than power ON the module and run the terminal emulator application with the same settings as before.

virtual Port set in Python

Debug (COM8 in the

example)

115 200

No parity

Hardware

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3.3.2 Debug Python script on GPS modules using CMUX

CMUX (Converter-Multiplexer) is a multiplexing protocol implemented in the Telit module that can be used to send data, SMS, fax, TCP data. The Multiplexer mode enables one serial interface to transmit data to four different customer applications form which one is dedicated to Python debug. This is achieved by providing four virtual channels using a Multiplexer (Mux). With activating of the CMUX feature debugging data can be received on the serial ASC0 port mounted on EVK2. NOTE: for the direct debug of GPS modules a software version starting from 7.02.X01 is needed.

3.3.2.1 Installation

• Install the Telit Serial Port Mux ver 1.08-B001 will appear at the end of installation:

application on your PC. A box similar to this

• Select the baud rate and then click on the Apply button

3.3.2.2 Debugging process

NOTE: If the PC uses the EVK2 RS232 upper port (ASC0) to send AT commands, remember to put all jumpers to set RS232 mode.

24 please contact our technical assistance to get the latest application version

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• Switch ON the module and with a terminal emulator (e.g. Hyper Terminal) and send the following commands to the module:

AT#SSCTRACE=0 disabled SSC output

AT#CMUXSCR=1,<bitrate> activated the CMUX feature on the module; put the desired

bit rate (e.g. 115200)

AT#STARTMODESCR=1,10 module waits for minimum 10 seconds (recommended

value; can be changed) and if there is no AT commands sent in this period (except AT<Enter>) start the enabled Python script, regardless of the DTR status (low or high).

• Download and enable

your Python script, then power OFF the module.

• Close any application controlling the serial ports (e.g. Hyper Terminal)

• Run the Telit Serial Port Mux ; a figure similar to the one below will appear:

follow the procedure of download and enable of the Python script reported in the paragraph 3.2 and 3.3

Control if the Setup options are the following:

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Set the Module Main Port as the real COM port you have available (e.g. COM1 in the figure), check the Python box and then select the Apply button.

• After this step, you will have 4 new Telit Serial Port Mux ports (see Control Panel – System – Hardware – Device Manager) as in the figure below:

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• Run a terminal emulator application (e.g. Hyper Terminal) to trace the activity of the Python script, with the following setting:

connected

COM

Bit rate

Data bits

Parity

Stop bit

Flow control

virtual port #4 set in Telit

CMUX window (COM10 in

the figure)

115 200

No parity

Hardware

In the Telit Serial Port Mux window, “Status:” of the Virtual Port#4, after establishing connection in Hyper Terminal, will change from Idle to Opened

• Power on the module and wait for at least 10 seconds without sending any AT command (except AT<Enter>);

In the Telit Serial Port Mux window, “Status:” of the Modem Port: will change in the following way (before 10 seconds expired): Idle Æ cycle between Connecting and Error Æ Connected

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After 10 seconds you should see the script starting and the debug info appearing on the terminal emulator window.

• If an ERROR messages appears in the Virtual Port #1,2,3,4 boxes, close any application controlling the serial ports and then restart the Telit CMUX application. If this procedure is not sufficient to avoid ERROR message, reset the PC, run again Telit Serial Port Mux with the same settings and repeat the procedure as described above.

• If you need to debug the same Python application again, then:

• Disconnect the terminal emulator application (eg. Hyper Terminal) from the Virtual

Port#4 (in this case COM10)

• “Status:” of the Virtual Port#4 in the Telit Serial Port Mux window, should change from Opened to Idle

• Switch off the module

• Connect the terminal emulator application to Virtual Port#4 (in this case COM10)

• “Status:” of the Virtual Port#4 in the Telit Serial Port Mux window

, should change

from Idle to Opened

• Switch on the module and wait for the “Status:” of the Modem Port in the Telit Serial Port Mux window to go connected

If the Telit Serial Port Mux application seems to be freezed, please consider that it becomes active after the

module is switched on.

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4 Python standard functions

In this paragraph you can find detailed description of Python language supported features in Data Terminal Modules. Note that all the functions listed below are available in the Python version is 1.5.2+.

4.1 Technical characteristics

4.1.1 General

All Python statements and almost all Python built-in types and functions are supported. See in the table below the features not supported:

Available built-in modules are:

All others are not supported.

complex

float

docstring

marshal

imp

__main__

__builtin__

sys

md5

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4.2 Python supported features

Refer to the documents available online such as: Python 1.5.2 Tutorial, Python 1.5.2 Reference Manual or Python 1.5.2 Library Reference for further details for all the features listed in the paragraphs below.

4.2.1 Operators, statements, functions

List of supported operators, statements, functions:

• comments #

• line joining \

• operators +, -, *, /, **, %

• operators <<, >>, &, |, ^, ~

• parentheses

• assignment

• comparison operators <, >, ==, <=, >=, !=, <>

• print statement

• if, elif, else statement

• indentation

• and, or, not keywords

• for in statement

• while statement

• range() function

• break and continue statements

• pass statement

• functions (without docstrings) (def)

• return statement

• objects

• object methods

• del statement

• modules

• import statement

• from statement

• exceptions

• try except finally statements

• raise statement

• classes (class)

• class instances

• global statement

• is, is not tests

• exec statement

4.2.2 Truth Value Testing

Truth value testing is supported.

4.2.3 Boolean Operations

The following Boolean operations are supported:

x or y

x and y

not x

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4.2.4 Comparisons

The following comparisons are supported:

> >= == <>

!= is

is not

4.2.5 Numeric Types: Integers

The following operations are supported with the integer type:

x + y

x - y x * y

x / y

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x % y

-x

abs(x)

int(x)

long(x)

divmod(x, y)

pow(x, y)

x ** y

x | y

x ^ y

x & y x << n x >> n

4.2.6 Numeric Types: Long Integers

The following operations are supported with long integers:

x + y

x - y x * y

x / y

x % y

-x

abs(x)

int(x)

long(x)

divmod(x, y)

pow(x, y)

x ** y

x | y

x ^ y

x & y x << n x >> n

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4.2.7 Numeric Types: Float

Floating point numbers are not supported.

4.2.8 Numeric Types: Complex

Complex numbers are not supported.

4.2.9 Sequence Types: Strings

The following operations are supported with the string type:

The only difference between Python version 1.5.2+ and 1.5.2 is that strings are objects that support the following methods:

s.capitalize() s.count(sub[, start[, end]]) s.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) s.find(sub[, start[, end]]) s.index(sub[, start[, end ]]) s.join(seq) s.lstrip() s.lower() s.replace(old, new[, maxsplit]) s.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) s.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) s.rstrip() s.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) s.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]])

x in s

x not in s

s + t

s * n, n * s

s[i]

s[i:j]

len(s)

min(s)

max(s)

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The following attribute is supported:

For string methods refer to Python 2.0.1 Library Reference for further details.

s.strip() s.swapcase() s.translate(table[, deletechars]) s.upper()

__methods__

4.2.10 Sequence Types: Tuples

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The following operations are supported with the tuples:

x in s

x not in s

s + t

s * n, n * s

s[i]

s[i:j]

len(s)

min(s)

max(s)

4.2.11 Sequence Types: Lists

The following operations are supported with the lists:

x in s

x not in s

s + t

s * n, n * s

s[i]

s[i:j]

len(s)

min(s)

The following attribute is supported:

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max(s)

s[i] = x

s[i:j] = t

del s[i:j]

s.append(x)

s.extend(x)

s.count(x) s.index(x)

s.insert(i, x)

s.pop([i])

s.remove(x)

s.reverse()

s.sort([cmpfunc])

__methods__

4.2.12 Mapping Types: Dictionaries

The following operations are supported with the dictionaries:

The following attribute is supported:

len(a)

a[k] a[k] = x del a[k]

a.clear() a.copy()

a.has_key(k)

a.items()

a.keys()

a.update(b)

a.values()

a.get(k[, x])

__methods__

4.2.13 Other Built-in Types: File Objects

The following methods are supported with the file objects:

The following method is not supported:

The following attributes are supported:

f.readlines([sizehint])

f.close()

f.flush() f.isatty() f.fileno()

f.read([size])

f.readline([size])

f.seek(offset[,

whence])

f.tell()

f.write(str)

f.writelines(list)

f.truncate([size])

__methods__

softspace

mode name

closed

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4.2.14 Other Built-in Types: Modules

Modules objects and modules attribute access are supported.

The following attributes are supported:

__dict__

__name__

4.2.15 Other Built-in Types: Classes

Classes objects, class attribute access and class instances are supported.

The following attributes are supported:

The following attributes are supported by class methods:

The following special methods are supported:

__init__(self [, args...])

__getattr__(self, name)

__setattr__(self, name, value)

__delattr__(self, name)

__dict__

__name__

__bases__

__module__

im_func

im_self

im_class

__del__(self)

__repr__(self)

__str__(self)

__cmp__(self, other)

__hash__(self)

__nonzero__(self)

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4.2.16 Other Built-in Types: Functions

Functions objects and function call are supported with the following attributes:

func_code

func_globals

func_name

func_defaults

__name__

4.2.17 Other Built-in Types: Methods

Methods objects are supported with the following attributes:

__name__

__self__

4.2.18 Other Built-in Types: Type Objects

Type objects are supported.

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4.2.19 Other Built-in Types: Null Object

Null object is supported.

4.2.20 Other Built-in Types: Ellipsis Object

Ellipsis object is supported.

4.2.21 Other Built-in Types: Buffer Objects

Buffer objects are supported.

4.2.22 Other Built-in Types: Range Objects

Range objects are supported.

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4.2.23 Other Built-in Internal Types: Code Objects

Code objects and code object execution is supported with the following attributes:

co_argcount

co_nlocals

co_stacksize

co_flags co_code

co_consts

co_names

co_varnames

co_filename

co_name

co_firstlineno

co_lnotab

4.2.24 Other Built-in Internal Types: Frame Objects

Frame objects are supported with the following attributes:

f_back

f_code

f_builtins

f_globals

f_locals

f_lasti

f_lineno

f_restricted

f_trace

f_exc_type

f_exc_value

f_exc_traceback

4.2.25 Other Built-in Internal Types: Traceback Objects

Traceback objects are supported with the following attributes:

tb_next

tb_frame

tb_lasti

tb_lineno

4.2.26 Other Built-in Internal Types: Slice Objects

Slice objects are supported with the following attributes:

start stop step

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4.2.27 Built-in Exceptions

The following built-in exceptions are supported:

Exception

StandardError

ArithmeticError

LookupError

AssertionError

AttributeError

EOFError

FloatingPointError

EnvironmentError

IOError

OSError

ImportError

IndexError

KeyError

KeyboardInterrupt

MemoryError

RemovedFeatureError

NameError

OverflowError

RuntimeError

NotImplementedError

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RemovedFeatureError is an exception added in Python version 1.5.2+. RemovedFeatureError is raised when trying to use floats or complex that are not supported.

Exceptions are strings objects. If file exceptions.py is downloaded to Data Terminal Module Python than module exceptions is automatically imported at the scripts start and exceptions are class objects.

SyntaxError

SystemError

SystemExit

UnboundLocalError

TypeError

ValueError

ZeroDivisionError

4.2.28 Built-in Functions

The following built-in functions are supported:

round(x [, n]) (returns error)

compile(string, filename, kind)

__import__(name[, globals[, locals[, fromlist]]])

complex(real [, imag]) (returns error)

eval(expression[, globals[, locals]])

execfile(file[, globals[, locals]])

open(filename[, mode[, bufsize]])

callable(object)

vars([object])

coerce(x, y)

delattr(object, name)

divmod(a, b)

filter(function, list)

float(x) (returns error)

input([prompt])

intern(string)

issubclass(class1, class2)

raw_input([prompt])

reload(module)

abs(x)

cmp(x, y)

ord(c)

globals()

int(x)

locals()

long(x)

oct(x)

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apply(function, args[, keywords])

buffer(object[, offset[, size]])

chr(i)

dir([object])

getattr(object, name[, default])

hasattr(object, name)

hash(object)

hex(x)

id(object)

isinstance(object, class)

len(s)

list(sequence)

map(function, list, ...)

max(s[, args...])

min(s[, args...])

pow(x, y[, z])

range([start,] stop[, step])

reduce(function, sequence[, initializer])

repr(object)

setattr(object, name, value)

slice([start,] stop[, step])

str(object)

tuple(sequence)

type(object)

xrange([start,] stop[, step])

4.2.29 Built-in Modules: marshal

Built-in marshal module is supported with the following methods:

dump(value,file)

load(file)

dumps(value)

loads(string)

4.2.30 Built-in Modules: imp

Built-in imp module is supported with the following methods:

The following constants are supported:

load_module(name, file, filename, description)

find_module(name[, path])

get_magic()

get_suffixes()

new_module(name)

PY_SOURCE

PY_COMPILED

C_BUILTIN

PY_FROZEN

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4.2.31 Built-in Modules: main

Built-in __main__ module is supported.

4.2.32 Built-in Modules: builtin

Built-in __builtin__ module is supported.

4.2.33 Built-in Modules: sys

Built-in sys module is supported with the following methods are supported:

exc_info()

exit([arg])

getrefcount(object)

setcheckinterval(interval)

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The following variables are supported:

stdin

stdout

stderr

__stdin__

__stdout__

__stderr__

version

hexversion

platform

executable

prefix

exec_prefix

maxint

builtin_module_names

removed_features

argv

exc_type

exc_value

exc_traceback

exitfunc

last_type

last_value

last_traceback

modules

path

tracebacklimit

The variables hexversion and removed_features are variables added in Python version 1.5.2+. “Hexversion” is the version number encoded as a single integer.

This is called ‘hexversion’ since it

only really looks meaningful when viewed as the result of passing it to the built-in hex() function. “Removed_features” is a tuple of the strings “ComplexType” "FloatType" and "DocStrings".

4.2.34 Built-in Modules: md5

Built-in md5 module is supported with the following functions:

new([arg]) md5([arg])

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The following methods are supported:

update(arg)

digest()

copy()

4.2.35 Library Modules

Most of Python Library Modules are not supported because they depend on Operative System. Basically if a library module imports OS that module is not supported. Some library modules do not depend on Operative System and are supported. An example is string.py.

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5 Python notes

5.1 Memory Limits

In order to prevent memory error, in phase of compilation or execution of the script, we advise you to consider the following limits:

• allocated memory for each variable

• number of the variables that can cause RAM overflow.

The memory available on Telit Python modules includes:

• around 2MB of Non Volatile Memory for the user scripts and data

• 1.2 MB RAM reserved for Python engine usage

• 16KB of memory for each variable

In order to give rough idea of the impact of these constrains consult the table below that contains limits for different types of variables. Please note that these limits are estimated values and should be used only to give general information in Python script development.

Type of

variable

string 16 000 ‘data’

number of elements27

example

list 4 000 [23,‘data’,‘c’]

tuple 4 000 (23,‘data’,‘c’)

range 4 000 range(3)=[0,1,2,3]

dictionary worst condition 682 { 'aaa':1000, 'bbb':1001}

NOTE: each element of list, tuple, range, or dictionary has up to 16KB of memory available.

At each startup the Python task loads a list of:

• variable names

• module names

• methods names

• strings delimited by “ “ or by ‘ ‘ if not terminated with \r

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All these names are included in the main script and in all the files .py called directly or indirectly by the main. The number of names that can be loaded at each startup from the Python task is around 500.

We advise you to use the same variable names in different .py files of the same project, in case this is possible.

The recommended dimension of the compiled file .pyo should be <16KByte

NOTE: It is highly recommended not to use the module as a data logger since all flash memories have limited number of writing and deleting cycles.

Some limits of the available NVM that affect file saving procedures and need to be considered have been fixed below:

max number of

files saved in NVM

500

max number of

files open

contemporary

max length of file

name

16 characters

Other useful info for NVM usage in application development:

• writing in NVM over 2Mbyte could cause a slight decrees of writing speed

• AT#LSCRIPT and AT#FREEMEM commands might not always show a exact number of bytes

that can be used for NVM due to dynamic memory reorganisation process

5.2 Other Limits

Some other Python limits that should be considered while developing your Python script in other to find an appropriate solution are listed below:

• Python script should not interfere with GSM/GPRS standard operations

reason there is a pause of 50 ms each second during the Python task activity.

• GPIO polling frequency <100Hz;

• I2C and SPI speed: from 10Kb/s to 20Kb/s

This means that operations such as serial port, protocol stack etc, can run independently from the Python

script.

, for this

6 List of acronyms

AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonn DDeessccrriippttiioonn

ACM Accumulated Call Meter

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

AT Attention Commands CB Cell Broadcast

CBS Cell Broadcasting Service CCM Call Control Meter CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation CLIR Calling Line Identification Restriction

CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

CR Carriage Return

CSD Circuit Switched Data

CTS Clear To Send

DAI Digital Audio Interface DCD Data Carrier Detected DCE Data Communications Equipment DRX Data Receive DSR Data Set Ready

DTA Data Terminal Adaptor DTE Data Terminal Equipment

DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency

DTR Data Terminal Ready EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility ETSI European Telecommunications Equipment Institute

FTA Full Type Approval (ETSI)

GPRS General Radio Packet Service

GPIO General Purpose Input Output

GSM Global System for Mobile communication

HF Hands Free

IIC Inter Integrated Circuit IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity

IRA International Reference Alphabet ITU International Telecommunications Union

IWF Inter-Working Function LCD Liquid Crystal Display LED Light Emitting Diode

LF Linefeed

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AAbbbbrreevviiaattiioonn DDeessccrriippttiioonn

ME Mobile Equipment

MISO Master Input Slave Output

MMI Man Machine Interface

MO Mobile Originated

MOSI Master Output Slave Input

MS Mobile Station MT Mobile Terminated

NVM Non Volatile Memory

NMEA National Marine Electronics Association

OEM Other Equipment Manufacturer

PB Phone Book

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PH Packet Handler

PIN Personal Identity Number

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

PUCT Price per Unit Currency Table

PUK PIN Unblocking Code

RACH Random Access Channel

RLP Radio Link Protocol

RMS Root Mean Square

RTS Ready To Send

RI Ring Indicator SCA Service Centre Address SCL Serial CLock SDA Serial DAta

SIM Subscriber Identity Module SMD Surface Mounted Device SMS Short Message Service

SMSC Short Message Service Centre

SPI Serial Protocol Interface

SS Supplementary Service

SSC Synchronous Serial Controllers

TIA Telecommunications Industry Association

UDUB User Determined User Busy USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data

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7 Document Change Log

RReevviissiioonn DDaattee

ISSUE#0 21/03/06 Release First ISSUE#1 ISSUE#1 13/09/06 1.4 Python Implementation Description: added SPI and IIC libraries that

ISSUE#2 16/03/07 Added new modules such as:

ISSUE#3 24/05/07 New disclaimer

ISSUE#4 07/09/07 Added products into applicability table ISSUE#5 25/10/07 Added list of standard built-in functions ISSUE#6 07/12/07 Updated memory limits chapter

ISSUE#7 19/12/07 Added new commands under GPIO module

ISSUE#8 01/10/08 Updated new limits in NVM availability for customer’s application from

CChhaannggeess

were missing on the graphic

2.4 MOD built-in module: added Python watchdog and power saving mode

2.5 IIC built-in module: added note for the IIC bus clock frequency

3.9 Debug Python Script: new paragraph for GPS modules

- clarified meaning of parameter timeout for the following commands: MDM.receive(timeout), SER.receive(timeout) and SER.receivebyte(timeout)

2.3 MDM2 built-in module

2.5 SER2 built-in module

2.10 GPS built-in module Added new function under IIC and SPI

Added introduction for the new modules in paragraph 1.4 and 2 Introduced new chapter with Python notes

Added notes for GPIO, IIC and SPI modules

Added new paragraph: 3.2Run AT Interface and Python at the same time Added buffer size for MDM and MDM2 send, read, receive commands

SW rel 7.03.x00 Updated version of Python package Updated P/N list

Rainbow Electronics GM862-GPS User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Easy Script in Python

Contents

1.1 Overview

1.2 Python 1.5.2+ Copyright Notice

1.3 Python installation

1.4 Python implementation description

1.5 Introduction to Python

1.5.1 Data types

1.5.2 Operators

1.5.3 Compound statements

1.5.4 Conditional execution

1.5.5 Loops

1.5.6 Resources

1.6 Python core supported features

2 Python Build-in Custom Modules

2.2 MDM built-in module

2.2.1 MDM.send(string, timeout)

2.2.2 MDM.receive(timeout)

2.2.3 MDM.read()

2.2.4 MDM.sendbyte(byte, timeout)

2.2.5 MDM.receivebyte(timeout)

2.2.6 MDM.readbyte()

2.2.7 MDM.getDCD()

2.2.8 MDM.getCTS()

2.2.9 MDM.getDSR()

2.2.10 MDM.getRI()

2.2.11 MDM.setRTS(RTS_value)

2.2.12 MDM.setDTR(DTR_value)

2.3.1 MDM2.send(string, timeout)

2.3.2 MDM2.receive(timeout)

2.3.3 MDM2.read()

2.3.4 MDM2.sendbyte(byte, timeout)

2.3.5 MDM2.receivebyte(timeout)

2.3.6 MDM2.readbyte()

2.3.7 MDM2.getDCD()

2.3.8 MDM2.getCTS()

2.3.9 MDM2.getDSR()

2.3.10 MDM2.getRI()

2.3.11 MDM2.setRTS(RTS_value)

2.3.12 MDM2.setDTR(DTR_value)

2.4 SER built-in module

2.4.1 SER.send(string)

2.4.2 SER.receive(timeout)

2.4.3 SER.read()

2.4.4 SER.sendbyte(byte)

2.4.5 SER.receivebyte(timeout)

2.4.6 SER.readbyte()

2.4.7 SER.set_speed(speed, <char format>)

2.4.8 SER.setDCD(DCD_value)

2.4.9 SER.setCTS(CTS_value)

2.4.10 SER.setDSR(DSR_value)

2.4.11 SER.setRI(RI_value)

2.4.12 SER.getRTS()

2.4.13 SER.getDTR()

2.5.1 SER2.send(string)

2.5.2 SER2.receive(timeout)

2.5.3 SER2.read()

2.5.4 SER2.sendbyte(byte)

2.5.5 SER2.receivebyte(timeout)

2.5.6 SER2.readbyte()

2.5.7 SER2.set_speed(speed, <format>)

2.6 GPIO built-in module

2.6.1 GPIO.setIOvalue(GPIOnumber, value)

2.6.2 GPIO.getIOvalue(GPIOnumber)

2.6.3 GPIO.setIOdir(GPIOnumber, value, direction)

2.6.4 GPIO.getIOdir(GPIOnumber)

2.6.6 GPIO.setDAC(enable, value)8

2.6.7 GPIO.setVAUX(vauxNumber, enable)8

2.6.8 GPIO.getAXE()9

2.6.9 GPIO.setSLED(status, onDuration, offDuration)

2.6.10 GPIO.getCBC()9

2.7 MOD built-in module

2.7.1 MOD.secCounter()

2.7.2 MOD.sleep(sleeptime)

2.7.3 MOD.watchdogEnable(timeout)

2.7.4 MOD.watchdogReset()11