• Individual Sector Protection with Global Protect/Unprotect Feature
– Sixteen 64-Kbyte Physical Sectors
• Hardware Controlled Locking of Protected Sectors
• Flexible Programming
– Byte/Page Program (1 to 256 Bytes)
• Automatic Checking and Reporting of Erase/Program Failures
• JEDEC Standard Manufacturer and Device ID Read Methodology
• Low Power Dissipation
– 7 mA Active Read Current (Typical)
– 8 µA Deep Power-Down Current (Typical)
• Endurance: 100,000 Program/Erase Cycles
• Data Retention: 20 Years
• Complies with Full Industrial Temperature Range
• Industry Standard Green (Pb/Halide-free/RoHS Compliant) Package Options
– 8-lead SOIC (150-mil wide)
– 8-contact Ultra Thin DFN (5 mm x 6 mm x 0.6 mm)
– 11-ball dBGA (WLCSP)
8-megabit
1.65-volt
Minimum
SPI Serial Flash
Memory
AT25DF081
1.Description
The AT25DF081 is a serial interface Flash memory device designed for use in a wide
variety of high-volume consumer based applications in which program code is shadowed from Flash memory into embedded or external RAM for execution. The flexible
erase architecture of the AT25DF081, with its erase granularity as small as 4-Kbytes,
makes it ideal for data storage as well, eliminating the need for additional data storage
EEPROM devices.
The physical sectoring and the erase block sizes of the AT25DF081 have been optimized to meet the needs of today's code and data storage applications. By optimizing
the size of the physical sectors and erase blocks, the memory space can be used
much more efficiently. Because certain code modules and data storage segments
must reside by themselves in their own protected sectors, the wasted and unused
memory space that occurs with large sectored and large block erase Flash memory
devices can be greatly reduced. This increased memory space efficiency allows additional code routines and data storage segments to be added while still maintaining the
same overall device density.
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
The AT25DF081 also offers a sophisticated method for protecting individual sectors against
erroneous or malicious program and erase operations. By providing the ability to individually protect and unprotect sectors, a system can unprotect a specific sector to modify its contents while
keeping the remaining sectors of the memory array securely protected. This is useful in applications where program code is patched or updated on a subroutine or module basis, or in
applications where data storage segments need to be modified without running the risk of errant
modifications to the program code segments. In addition to individual sector protection capabilities, the AT25DF081 incorporates Global Protect and Global Unprotect features that allow the
entire memory array to be either protected or unprotected all at once. This reduces overhead
during the manufacturing process since sectors do not have to be unprotected one-by-one prior
to initial programming.
Specifically designed for use in 1.8-volt systems, the AT25DF081 supports read, program, and
erase operations with a supply voltage range of 1.65V to 1.95V. No separate voltage is required
for programming and erasing.
2
AT25DF081
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
2.Pin Descriptions and Pinouts
Table 2-1.Pin Descriptions
SymbolName and Function
CS
SCK
SI
CHIP SELECT: Asserting the
device will be deselected and normally be placed in standby mode (not Deep Power-Down mode),
and the SO pin will be in a high-impedance state. When the device is deselected, data will not be
accepted on the SI pin.
A high-to-low transition on the
is required to end an operation. When ending an internally self-timed operation such as a program
or erase cycle, the device will not enter the standby mode until the completion of the operation.
SERIAL CLOCK: This pin is used to provide a clock to the device and is used to control the flow of
data to and from the device. Command, address, and input data present on the SI pin is always
latched on the rising edge of SCK, while output data on the SO pin is always clocked out on the
falling edge of SCK.
SERIAL INPUT: The SI pin is used to shift data into the device. The SI pin is used for all data input
including command and address sequences. Data on the SI pin is always latched on the rising
edge of SCK.
CS pin selects the device. When the CS pin is deasserted, the
CS pin is required to start an operation, and a low-to-high transition
AT25DF081
Asserted
StateType
LowInput
Input
Input
SO
WP
HOLD
V
CC
GND
SERIAL OUTPUT: The SO pin is used to shift data out from the device. Data on the SO pin is
always clocked out on the falling edge of SCK.
WRITE PROTECT: The
“Protection Commands and Features” on page 12 for more details on protection features and the
WP pin.
The
WP pin is internally pulled-high and may be left floating if hardware controlled protection will
not be used. However, it is recommended that the
whenever possible.
HOLD: The HOLD pin is used to temporarily pause serial communication without deselecting or
resetting the device. While the
pin will be ignored, and the SO pin will be in a high-impedance state.
The
CS pin must be asserted, and the SCK pin must be in the low state in order for a Hold
condition to start. A Hold condition pauses serial communication only and does not have an effect
on internally self-timed operations such as a program or erase cycle. Please refer to “Hold” on
page 27 for additional details on the Hold operation.
The
HOLD pin is internally pulled-high and may be left floating if the Hold function will not be used.
However, it is recommended that the
possible.
DEVICE POWER SUPPLY: The VCCpin is used to supply the source voltage to the device.
Operations at invalid V
GROUND: The ground reference for the power supply. GND should be connected to the system
ground.
WP pin controls the hardware locking feature of the device. Please refer to
WP pin also be externally connected to V
HOLD pin is asserted, transitions on the SCK pin and data on the SI
HOLD pin also be externally connected to VCCwhenever
voltages may produce spurious results and should not be attempted.
CC
CC
Output
LowInput
LowInput
Power
Power
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
3
Figure 2-1.8-SOIC Top ViewFigure 2-2.8-UDFN Top ViewFigure 2-3.11-dBGA (Top View
Through Back of Die)
234
1
A
B
VCC
C
HOLD
D
SCK
E
SI
F
NC
NC
CS
SO
WP
GND
NC
CS
SO
WP
GND
1
1
2
3
4
VCC
8
HOLD
7
SCK
6
SI
5
CS
SO
WP
GND
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
VCC
HOLD
SCK
SI
3.Block Diagram
CS
SCK
SI
SO
WP
HOLD
4.Memory Array
CONTROL AND
PROTECTION LOGIC
I/O BUFFERS
AND LATCHES
SRAM
DATA BUFFER
INTERFACE
CONTROL
AND
LOGIC
Y-DECODER
Y-GATING
FLASH
X-DECODER
MEMORY
ARRAY
ADDRESS LATCH
To provide the greatest flexibility, the memory array of the AT25DF081 can be erased in four levels of granularity including a full chip erase. In addition, the array has been divided into physical
sectors of uniform size, of which each sector can be individually protected from program and
erase operations. The size of the physical sectors is optimized for both code and data storage
applications, allowing both code and data segments to reside in their own isolated
regions. Figure 4-1 on page 5 illustrates the breakdown of each erase level as well as the breakdown of each physical sector.
4
AT25DF081
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
Figure 4-1.Memory Architecture Diagram
64KB
• • •
64KB
32KB
32KB
• • •
• • •
• • •
64KB
64KB
(Sector 15)
32KB
32KB
64KB
(Sector 0)
32KB
32KB
• • •
64KB
(Sector 14)
Block Erase Detail
AT25DF081
Page Program Detail
Internal Sectoring for64KB32KB4KB1-256 Byte
Sector ProtectionBlock EraseBlock EraseBlock ErasePage Program
The AT25DF081 is controlled by a set of instructions that are sent from a host controller, commonly referred to as the SPI Master. The SPI Master communicates with the AT25DF081 via the
SPI bus which is comprised of four signal lines: Chip Select (
Input (SI), and Serial Output (SO).
The SPI protocol defines a total of four modes of operation (mode 0, 1, 2, or 3) with each mode
differing in respect to the SCK polarity and phase and how the polarity and phase control the
flow of data on the SPI bus. The AT25DF081 supports the two most common modes, SPI
Modes 0 and 3. The only difference between SPI Modes 0 and 3 is the polarity of the SCK signal
when in the inactive state (when the SPI Master is in standby mode and not transferring any
data). With SPI Modes 0 and 3, data is always latched in on the rising edge of SCK and always
output on the falling edge of SCK.
Figure 5-1.SPI Mode 0 and 3
CS
SCK
CS), Serial Clock (SCK), Serial
SI
SO
MSBLSB
6.Commands and Addressing
A valid instruction or operation must always be started by first asserting the CS pin. After the CS
pin has been asserted, the SPI Master must then clock out a valid 8-bit opcode on the SPI bus.
Following the opcode, instruction dependent information such as address and data bytes would
then be clocked out by the SPI Master. All opcode, address, and data bytes are transferred with
the most significant bit (MSB) first. An operation is ended by deasserting the CS pin.
Opcodes not supported by the AT25DF081 will be ignored by the device and no operation will be
started. The device will continue to ignore any data presented on the SI pin until the start of the
next operation (CS pin being deasserted and then reasserted). In addition, if the CS pin is deasserted before complete opcode and address information is sent to the device, then no operation
will be performed and the device will simply return to the idle state and wait for the next
operation.
Addressing of the device requires a total of three bytes of information to be sent, representing
address bits A23-A0. Since the upper address limit of the AT25DF081 memory array is
0FFFFFh, address bits A23-A20 are always ignored by the device.
MSB
LSB
6
AT25DF081
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
AT25DF081
Table 6-1.Command Listing
CommandOpcodeAddress BytesDummy BytesData Bytes
Read Commands
Read Array0Bh0000 1011311+
Read Array (Low Frequency)03h0000 0011301+
Program and Erase Commands
Block Erase (4-KBytes)20h0010 0000300
Block Erase (32-KBytes)52h0101 0010300
Block Erase (64-KBytes)D8h1101 1000300
Chip Erase
Byte/Page Program (1 to 256 Bytes)02h0000 0010301+
Protection Commands
Write Enable06h0000 0110000
Write Disable04h0000 0100000
Protect Sector36h0011 0110300
Unprotect Sector39h0011 1001300
Global Protect/UnprotectUse Write Status Register command
Read Sector Protection Registers3Ch0011 1100301+
Status Register Commands
Read Status Register05h0000 0101001+
Write Status Register01h0000 0001001
Miscellaneous Commands
Read Manufacturer and Device ID9Fh1001 1111001 to 4
Deep Power-DownB9h1011 1001000
Resume from Deep Power-DownABh1010 1011000
60h0110 0000000
C7h1100 0111000
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
7
7.Read Commands
7.1Read Array
The Read Array command can be used to sequentially read a continuous stream of data from
the device by simply providing the SCK signal once the initial starting address has been specified. The device incorporates an internal address counter that automatically increments on every
clock cycle.
Two opcodes, 0Bh and 03h, can be used for the Read Array command. The use of each opcode
depends on the maximum SCK frequency that will be used to read data from the device. The
0Bh opcode can be used at any SCK frequency up to the maximum specified by f
opcode can be used for lower frequency read operations up to the maximum specified by f
To perform the Read Array operation, the
opcode (0Bh or 03h) must be clocked into the device. After the opcode has been clocked in, the
three address bytes must be clocked in to specify the starting address location of the first byte to
read within the memory array. If the 0Bh opcode is used, then one don’t care byte must also be
clocked in after the three address bytes.
After the three address bytes (and the one don’t care byte if using opcode 0Bh) have been
clocked in, additional clock cycles will result in serial data being output on the SO pin. The data
is always output with the MSB of a byte first. When the last byte (0FFFFFh) of the memory array
has been read, the device will continue reading back at the beginning of the array (000000h). No
delays will be incurred when wrapping around from the end of the array to the beginning of the
array.
.The03h
SCK
RDLF
CS pin must first be asserted and the appropriate
.
Deasserting the
ance state. The CS pin can be deasserted at any time and does not require that a full byte of
data be read.
Figure 7-1.Read Array – 0Bh Opcode
CS
SCK
2310
OPCODE
SI
SO
00001011
MSBMSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
Figure 7-2.Read Array – 03h Opcode
CS
SCK
SI
SO
00000011
MSBMSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
CS pin will terminate the read operation and put the SO pin into a high-imped-
The Byte/Page Program command allows anywhere from a single byte of data to 256 bytes of
data to be programmed into previously erased memory locations. An erased memory location is
one that has all eight bits set to the logical “1” state (a byte value of FFh). Before a Byte/Page
Program command can be started, the Write Enable command must have been previously
issued to the device (see Write Enable command description) to set the Write Enable Latch
(WEL) bit of the Status Register to a logical “1” state.
To perform a Byte/Page Program command, an opcode of 02h must be clocked into the device
followed by the three address bytes denoting the first byte location of the memory array to begin
programming at. After the address bytes have been clocked in, data can then be clocked into the
device and will be stored in an internal buffer.
If the starting memory address denoted by A23-A0 does not fall on an even 256-byte page
boundary (A7-A0 are not all 0), then special circumstances regarding which memory locations
will be programmed will apply. In this situation, any data that is sent to the device that goes
beyond the end of the page will wrap around back to the beginning of the same page. For example, if the starting address denoted by A23-A0 is 0000FEh, and three bytes of data are sent to
the device, then the first two bytes of data will be programmed at addresses 0000FEh and
0000FFh while the last byte of data will be programmed at address 000000h. The remaining
bytes in the page (addresses 000001h through 0000FDh) will be unaffected and will not change.
In addition, if more than 256 bytes of data are sent to the device, then only the last 256 bytes
sent will be latched into the internal buffer.
AT25DF081
When the
gram it into the appropriate memory array locations based on the starting address specified by
A23-A0 and the number of complete data bytes sent to the device. If less than 256 bytes of data
were sent to the device, then the remaining bytes within the page will not be altered. The programming of the data bytes is internally self-timed and should take place in a time of tPP.
The three address bytes and at least one complete byte of data must be clocked into the device
before the CS pin is deasserted, and the CS pin must be deasserted on even byte boundaries
(multiples of eight bits); otherwise, the device will abort the operation and no data will be programmed into the memory array. In addition, if the address specified by A23-A0 points to a
memory location within a sector that is in the protected state (see “Protect Sector” on page 13),
then the Byte/Page Program command will not be executed, and the device will return to the idle
state once the CS pin has been deasserted. The WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset
back to the logical “0” state if the program cycle aborts due to an incomplete address being sent,
an incomplete byte of data being sent, or because the memory location to be programmed is
protected.
While the device is programming, the Status Register can be read and will indicate that the
device is busy. For faster throughput, it is recommended that the Status Register be polled
rather than waiting the tPPtime to determine if the data bytes have finished programming. At
some point before the program cycle completes, the WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset
back to the logical “0” state.
The device also incorporates an intelligent programming algorithm that can detect when a byte
location fails to program properly. If a programming error arises, it will be indicated by the EPE
bit in the Status Register.
CS pin is deasserted, the device will take the data stored in the internal buffer and pro-
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
9
Figure 8-1.Byte Program
CS
SCK
SI
SO
Figure 8-2.Page Program
CS
SCK
SI
SO
00000010
MSBMSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
2310
OPCODE
00000010
MSBMSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
2310
OPCODE
6754983937 383336353431 3229 30
ADDRESS BITS A23-A0DATA IN BYTE 1
AAAAAA
6754101198123937 383336353431 3229 30
ADDRESS BITS A23-A0DATA IN
AAAAAAAA A
DDDDDDDD
MSB
DDDDDDDD
MSB
DATA IN BYTE n
DDDDDDDD
MSB
8.2Block Erase
A block of 4K-, 32K-, or 64K-bytes can be erased (all bits set to the logical “1” state) in a single
operation by using one of three different opcodes for the Block Erase command. An opcode of
20h is used for a 4K-byte erase, an opcode of 52h is used for a 32K-byte erase, and an opcode
of D8h is used for a 64K-byte erase. Before a Block Erase command can be started, the Write
Enable command must have been previously issued to the device to set the WEL bit of the Status Register to a logical “1” state.
To perform a Block Erase, the CS pin must first be asserted and the appropriate opcode (20h,
52h, or D8h) must be clocked into the device. After the opcode has been clocked in, the three
address bytes specifying an address within the 4K-, 32K-, or 64K-byte block to be erased must
be clocked in. Any additional data clocked into the device will be ignored. When the CS pin is
deasserted, the device will erase the appropriate block. The erasing of the block is internally
self-timed and should take place in a time of t
BLKE
.
Since the Block Erase command erases a region of bytes, the lower order address bits do not
need to be decoded by the device. Therefore, for a 4K-byte erase, address bits A11-A0 will be
ignored by the device and their values can be either a logical “1” or “0”. For a 32K-byte erase,
address bits A14-A0 will be ignored, and for a 64K-byte erase, address bits A15-A0 will be
ignored by the device. Despite the lower order address bits not being decoded by the device, the
complete three address bytes must still be clocked into the device before the CS pin is deasserted, and the CS pin must be deasserted on an even byte boundary (multiples of eight bits);
otherwise, the device will abort the operation and no erase operation will be performed.
10
AT25DF081
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
AT25DF081
If the address specified by A23-A0 points to a memory location within a sector that is in the protected state, then the Block Erase command will not be executed, and the device will return to
the idle state once the
The WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset back to the logical “0” state if the erase cycle
aborts due to an incomplete address being sent or because a memory location within the region
to be erased is protected.
While the device is executing a successful erase cycle, the Status Register can be read and will
indicate that the device is busy. For faster throughput, it is recommended that the Status Register be polled rather than waiting the t
some point before the erase cycle completes, the WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset
back to the logical “0” state.
The device also incorporates an intelligent erasing algorithm that can detect when a byte location fails to erase properly. If an erase error arises, it will be indicated by the EPE bit in the
Status Register.
Figure 8-3.Block Erase
CS
CS pin has been deasserted.
time to determine if the device has finished erasing. At
BLKE
8.3Chip Erase
2310
6754101198123129 3027 2826
SCK
SI
SO
OPCODE
CCCCCCCC
MSBMSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
AAAAAAAA AA A A
ADDRESS BITS A23-A0
The entire memory array can be erased in a single operation by using the Chip Erase command.
Before a Chip Erase command can be started, the Write Enable command must have been previously issued to the device to set the WEL bit of the Status Register to a logical “1” state.
Two opcodes, 60h and C7h, can be used for the Chip Erase command. There is no difference in
device functionality when utilizing the two opcodes, so they can be used interchangeably. To
perform a Chip Erase, one of the two opcodes (60h or C7h) must be clocked into the device.
Since the entire memory array is to be erased, no address bytes need to be clocked into the
device, and any data clocked in after the opcode will be ignored. When the CS pin is deasserted,
the device will erase the entire memory array. The erasing of the device is internally self-timed
and should take place in a time of t
CHPE
.
The complete opcode must be clocked into the device before the CS pin is deasserted, and the
CS pin must be deasserted on an even byte boundary (multiples of eight bits); otherwise, no
erase will be performed. In addition, if any sector of the memory array is in the protected state,
then the Chip Erase command will not be executed, and the device will return to the idle state
once the CS pin has been deasserted. The WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset back to
the logical “0” state if a sector is in the protected state.
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
While the device is executing a successful erase cycle, the Status Register can be read and will
indicate that the device is busy. For faster throughput, it is recommended that the Status Regis-
11
ter be polled rather than waiting the t
time to determine if the device has finished erasing. At
CHPE
some point before the erase cycle completes, the WEL bit in the Status Register will be reset
back to the logical “0” state.
The device also incorporates an intelligent erasing algorithm that can detect when a byte location fails to erase properly. If an erase error arises, it will be indicated by the EPE bit in the
Status Register.
Figure 8-4.Chip Erase
CS
SCK
SI
SO
9.Protection Commands and Features
9.1Write Enable
The Write Enable command is used to set the Write Enable Latch (WEL) bit in the Status Register to a logical “1” state. The WEL bit must be set before a program, erase, Protect Sector,
Unprotect Sector, or Write Status Register command can be executed. This makes the issuance
of these commands a two step process, thereby reducing the chances of a command being
accidentally or erroneously executed. If the WEL bit in the Status Register is not set prior to the
issuance of one of these commands, then the command will not be executed.
To issue the Write Enable command, the CS pin must first be asserted and the opcode of 06h
must be clocked into the device. No address bytes need to be clocked into the device, and any
data clocked in after the opcode will be ignored. When the CS pin is deasserted, the WEL bit in
the Status Register will be set to a logical “1”. The complete opcode must be clocked into the
device before the CS pin is deasserted, and the CS pin must be deasserted on an even byte
boundary (multiples of eight bits); otherwise, the device will abort the operation and the state of
the WEL bit will not change.
2310
OPCODE
CCCCCCCC
MSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
6754
12
Figure 9-1.Write Enable
AT25DF081
CS
SCK
SI
SO
2310
OPCODE
00000110
MSB
HIGH-IMPEDANCE
6754
3674E–DFLASH–8/08
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