Radyne DMD15, DMD15L IBS, DMD15 IBS, DMD15 IDR, DMD15L IDR Installation And Operation Manual

DMD15/DMD15L

IBS/IDR Universal

Satellite Modem

Installation and Operation Manual

TM051 - Rev. 5.8

- NOTICE -

©2005, Radyne, Inc. This manual may not in

whole or in part be copied, reproduced,

translated or reduced to any electronic or

magnetic storage medium without the written

consent of a duly authorized officer of Radyne,

Inc.

Radyne, Inc. • 3138 E. Elwood St. • Phoenix, AZ 85034 •[phone] • Fax: [phone]

Latest Software Revision Confirmation

When new features are added to Radyne, Inc. equipment, the control parameters are
appended to the end of the Non-Volatile Section of the Remote Communications
Specification, and status of the features, if any, are added at the end of the Volatile
Section. If a remote M&C queries two pieces of Radyne, Inc. equipment with different
revision software, they could respond with two different sized packets. The remote M&C
MUST make use of the non-volatile count value to index to the start of the Volatile Section.
If the remote M&C is not aware of the newly added features to the product, it should
disregard the parameters at the end of the Non -Volatile Section and index to the start of
the Volatile Section.

Before creating any software based on the information contained in this document,
contact the Radyne, Inc. Customer Serv ice Department at [phone] to find out if the
software revision for that piece of equipment is current and that no new features have
been added since the release of this document.

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Warranty Policy

Radyne, Inc. Warranty Policy

Warranty and Service

Radyne, Inc. (Seller) warrants the items manufactured and sold by Radyne, Inc. to be free of defects in
material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from date of shipment Radyne, Inc.’s obligation
under its warranty is limited in accordance with the periods of time and all other conditions stated in all
provisions of this warranty.

This warranty applies only to defects in material and workmanship in products manufactured by Radyne,
Inc. Radyne, Inc. makes no warranty whatsoever concerning products or accessories not of its
manufacture. Repair, or at Radyne, Inc.’s option, replacement of the Radyne, Inc. products or defective
parts therein shall be the sole and exclusive remedy for all valid warranty claims.

Warranty Period

The applicable warranty period shall commence on the date of shipment from Radyne, Inc.’s facility to the
original purchaser and extend for the stated period following the date of shipment. Upon beginning of the
applicable Radyne, Inc. warranty period, all customer’s remedies shall be governed by the terms stated or
referenced in this warranty. In-warranty repaired or replacement products or parts are warranted only for
the remaining unexpired portion of the original warranty period applicable to the repaired or replaced
products or parts. Repair or replacement of products or parts under warranty does not extend the original
warranty period.

Warranty Coverage Limitations

The following are expressly not covered under warranty:

5 Any loss, damage and/or malfunction relating in any way to shipping, storage, accident, abuse,

alteration, misuse, neglect, failure to use products under normal operating conditions, failure to
use products according to any operating instructions provided by Radyne, Inc., lack of routine care
and maintenance as indicated in any operating maintenance instructions, or failure to use or take

Warranty Replacement and Adjustment

Radyne, Inc. will not make warranty adjustments for failures of products or parts, which occur after the
specified maximum adjustment period. Unless otherwise agreed, failure shall be deemed to have occurred
no more than seven (7) working days before the first date on which a notice of failure is received by
Radyne, Inc. Under no circumstances shall any warranty exceed the period stated above unless expressly
agreed to in writing by Radyne, Inc.

Liability Limitations

This warranty is expressly in lieu of and excludes all other express and implied warranties,
Including but not limited to warranties of merchantability and of fitness for particular purpose, use,
or applications, and all other obligations or liabilities on the part of Radyne Inc., unless such other
warranties, obligations, or liabilities are expressly agreed to in writing by Radyne, Inc.

All obligations of Radyne, Inc. under this warranty shall cease in the event its products or parts
thereof have been subjected to accident, abuse, alteration, misuse or neglect, or which have not
been operated and maintained in accordance with proper operating instructions.
In no event shall Radyne, Inc. be liable for Incidental, consequential, special or resulting loss or
damage of any kind howsoever caused.

any proper precautions under the circumstances.

5 Products, items, parts, accessories, subassemblies, or components which are expendable in

normal use or are of limited life, such as but not limited to, bulbs, fuses, lamps, glassware, etc.
Radyne, Inc. reserves the right to revise the foregoing list of what is covered under this warranty.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 iii

Warranty Policy DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Radyne, Inc.’s liability for damages shall not exceed the payment, if any, received by Radyne, Inc.
for the unit or product or service furnished or to be furnished, as the case may be, which is the
subject of claim or dispute.

Statements made by any person, including representatives of Radyne, Inc., which are inconsistent
or in conflict with the terms of this warranty, shall not be binding upon Radyne, Inc. unless
reduced to writing and approved by an officer of Radyne, Inc.

Warranty Repair Return Procedure

Before a warranty repair can be accomplished, a Repair Authorization must be received. It is at this time
that Radyne, Inc. will authorize the product or part to be returned to the Radyne, Inc. facility or if field repair
will be accomplished. The Repair Authorization may be requested in writing or by calling:

Radyne, Inc.

3138 E. Elwood St.
Phoenix, Arizona 85034 (USA)
ATTN: Customer Support
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Any product returned to Radyne, Inc. for examination must be sent prepaid via the means of transportation
indicated as acceptable to Radyne, Inc. Return Authorization Number must be clearly marked on the
shipping label. Returned products or parts should be carefully packaged in the original container, if
possible, and unless otherwise indicated, shipped to the above address.

Non-Warranty Repair

When a product is returned for any reason, Customer and its shipping agency shall be responsible for all
damage resulting from improper packing and handling, and for loss in transit, not withstanding any defect or
nonconformity in the product. By returning a product, the owner grants Radyne, Inc. permission to open
and disassemble the product as required for evaluation. In all cases, Radyne, Inc. has sole responsibility
for determining the cause and nature of failure, and Radyne, Inc.’s determination with regard thereto shall
be final.

TM051 – Rev. 5.8 iv

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Record of Revisions

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/ IDR Universal Satellite

Installation and Operation Manual

TM051 – Record of Revisions

Radyne, Inc. is constantly improving its products and therefore the information in this document is
subject to change without prior notice. Radyne, Inc. makes no warranty of any kind with regard to
this material, Including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose. No responsibility for any errors or omissions that may pertain to the material
herein is assumed. Radyne, Inc. makes no commitment to update nor to keep current the
information contained in this document. Radyne, Inc. assumes no responsibility for use of any
circuitry other than the circuitry employed in Radyne, Inc. systems and equipment.

Revision

Level

1.0 6-18-96 Initial Release.

2.0 9-1-96 Expanded Drop and Insert Section, updated menu trees and descriptions,

2.1 9-16-96 Added DMD15/DMD15L Terminal Screens (Appendix C), added Modem

2.2 11-25-96 Expanded Drop and Insert Data and figures, added BER Curves, added

3.0 12-16-96 Added Reed-Solomon Menu Tree enhancements, added Clocking Data

3.1 4-10-97 Added additional Reed-Solomon Data, additional UIM Data, and minor

4.0 8-1-99 Added AUPC data, new Menu Screens, L-Band Data, ESC Audio Data and

4.1 7-31-00 Added AGC Output Data on Table 2-5.

5.0 12-14-01 Revised and reformatted entire Technical Manual.

5.1 1-30-02 Removed Ethernet Port section.

5.2 3-5-02 Revised Sections 4.3.2, Mod Data (menu), and 4.3.3, Demod Data (menu).

5.3 6-11-02 Revised Section 1.1.12.

5.4 8-22-02 Revised Sections 7.0 and 7.1.

5.5 8-26-02 Added Modem Status pinouts to Section 5.0.

5.6 9-17-03 Updated user interface, added reacquisition description, updated RLLP.

5.7 7-30-04 Revised RLLP.

5.8 10-15-05 Revised Sections 4.0 & 5.0

Date Reason for Change

added Strap Code Table, updated Fault Menus, added UIO Interface
Settings, updated Specifications Section.

Loopback Figures, expanded Principles of Operation Section, added IBS
Conditions and Faults Table, added new Universal Interface Illustrations and
pinout tables.

additional Interface Pinout Tables and descriptions.
Definitions, minor rearrangements and clarifications.
corrections to pinout tables.
minor corrections

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 v

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

TM051 – Rev. 5.8 vi

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Section 1 – Introduction

1.0 Description _____________________________________________________ 1-1

1.1 DMD15/DMD15L Available Options __________________________________ 1-1

1.1.1 Internal High Stability ____________________________________________ 1-1

1.1.2 Reed-Solomon Codec ___________________________________________ 1-1

1.1.3 Turbo Codec __________________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.4 Drop and Insert (D&I)____________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.5 8PSK Modulation _______________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.6 OQPSK Modulation _____________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.7 16QAM Modulation______________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.8 Sequential Decoding ____________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.9 Earth Station-to- Ear t h Station (ES-ES) Communications ________________ 1-2

1.1.10 Analog AGC Voltage ___________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.11 Internal Engineering Service Channel (ESC)_________________________ 1-2

1.1.12 OM73 Compatible _____________________________________________ 1-2

1.1.13 Back Panel Options ____________________________________________ 1-3

1.1.14 Customized Options____________________________________________ 1-3

Section 2 – Installation

2.0 Installation Requirements __________________________________________ 2-1

2.1 Unpacking ______________________________________________________ 2-1

2.2 Removal and Assembly____________________________________________ 2-1

2.3 Mounting Considerations __________________________________________ 2-2

2.4 DMD15/DMD15L Initial Configuration Check ___________________________ 2-2

2.5 Modulator Checkout ______________________________________________ 2-3

2.5.1 Initial Power-Up ________________________________________________ 2-3

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 vii

Table of Contents DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Section 3 – Operation

3.0 Theory of Operation ______________________________________________ 3-1

3.1 DMD15/DMD15L Functional Block Diagram____________________________ 3-1

3.2 Universal Interface Module (UIM) ____________________________________ 3-3

3.3 Synchronous Interface ____________________________________________ 3-4

3.4 G.703 Interface __________________________________________________ 3-4

3.5 Earth Station to Earth St at ion (ES-ES) Communications Port ______________ 3-5
(Async Port J9)______________________________________________________ 3-5

3.6 Terrestrial Loopback ______________________________________________ 3-5

3.7 Modem Status___________________________________________________ 3-5

3.8 Baseband Processor Card _________________________________________ 3- 8

3.8.1 Baseband Processing ___________________________________________ 3-8

3.8.2 Tx Baseband Processing _________________________________________ 3-8

3.8.3 Rx Baseband Processing_________________________________________ 3-9

3.8.4 Clock Selection ________________________________________________ 3-9

3.9 Monitor & Control (M&C) Subsystem _________________________________ 3-9

3.9.1 Asynchronous Serial Port #1 ______________________________________ 3-9

3.9.2 Serial Port #2 __________________________________________________ 3-9

3.9.3 Serial Port #3 __________________________________________________ 3-9

3.9.4 Front Panel Interf ace ___________________________________________ 3-10

3.9.5 Clock _______________________________________________________ 3-10

3.9.6 Watchdog Timer_______________________________________________ 3-10

3.9.7 Program Flash ROM ___________________________________________ 3-10

3.9.8 RAM ________________________________________________________ 3-10

3.9.9 Non-Volatile RAM______________________________________________ 3-10

3.10 Universal Modem ______________________________________________ 3-10

3.10.1 Modulator ___________________________________________________ 3-10

3.10.2 Demodulator _________________________________________________ 3- 11

3.11 DMD15/DMD15L Clocking Options_________________________________ 3-11

3.11.1 SCTE: Serial Clock Tr ansm it Exter nal _____________________________ 3- 11

3.11.2 SCT: Serial Clock Tr ansm it _____________________________________ 3-11

3.11.4 EXT EXC: External Clock_______________________________________ 3-11

3.11.5 BNC EXC: BNC External Clock __________________________________ 3-11

3.11.6 BAL EXC: Balanced External Clock_______________________________ 3- 11

3.11.7 IDI: Insert Data In_____________________________________________ 3-12

viii TM051 - Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Table of Contents

3.11.8 SCR: Serial Clock Receive _____________________________________ 3-12

3.11.9 EXT IF REF: External IF Reference_______________________________ 3-12

3.12 Transmit Timing _______________________________________________ 3-12

3.12.1 EXT CLK as TX Clock Source (RS-422 or V.35 Interface) _____________ 3-12

3.12.2 SCT or SCTE ________________________________________________ 3-12

3.12.3 G.703 Interf ace ______________________________________________ 3-12

3.13 Receive Timing ________________________________________________ 3-12

3.14 Loop Timing __________________________________________________ 3-13

3.14.1 Transmit (RS-422 or V.35 Interface) ______________________________ 3-13

3.14.2 G.703 Interf ace or Asymm et rical Data Rates _______________________ 3-13

3.14.3 Receive ____________________________________________________ 3-13

3.15 Drop and Insert (D&I) ___________________________________________ 3- 13

3.15.1 Drop Only___________________________________________________ 3-15

3.15.2 Insert Only __________________________________________________ 3-15

3.16 Mode Selection ________________________________________________ 3-16

3.16.1 PCM-30 ____________________________________________________ 3-16

3.16.2 PCM-30C ___________________________________________________ 3-16

3.16.3 PCM-31 ____________________________________________________ 3-16

3.16.4 PCM-31C ___________________________________________________ 3-17

3.16.5 T1-D4/T1-D4-S_______________________________________________ 3-17

3.16.6 T1-ESF/ T1-ESF-S____________________________________________ 3- 17

3.16.7 SLC-96_____________________________________________________ 3-17

3.17 Multidestinational Systems _______________________________________ 3-17

3.17 Drop and Insert Mapping_________________________________________ 3-18

3.18 Reed-Solomon Codec (Refer to Fig ur es 3-14, 3-15, and Table 3-1) _______ 3-20

3.18.1 Operation in the DMD15/DMD15L ________________________________ 3-20

3.18.2 Reed-Solomon Code Rate______________________________________ 3-20

3.18.3 Interleaving __________________________________________________ 3- 20

3.19 DMD15 Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC Operation) _____________ 3-22

3.20 DMD15 Asynchronous Overhead Operation__________________________ 3-24

3.20.1 Asynchronous Framing/Multiplexer Capability_______________________ 3-24

3.21 Standard IBS Mode_____________________________________________ 3-26

3.22 Asynchronous Multiplexer Mode __________________________________ 3-26

3.23 ESC Backward Alarms __________________________________________ 3-26

3.23.1 To Disable the ESC Backward Alarms _____________________________ 3- 27

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 ix

Table of Contents DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.24 Reacquisition__________________________________________________ 3-27

Section 4 – User Interfaces

4.0 User Interfaces __________________________________________________ 4-1

4.1 Front Panel User Interf ace _________________________________________ 4- 1

4.1.1 LCD Front Panel Display _________________________________________ 4-2

4.1.2 Cursor Control Arrow Keys _______________________________________ 4-2

4.1.3 Numeric Keypad________________________________________________ 4- 2

4.1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators _______________________________________ 4-3

4.2 Parameter Setup_________________________________________________ 4-3

4.3 Front Panel Control Screen Menus___________________________________ 4-4

4.3.1 Main Menus ___________________________________________________ 4-4

4.3.2 Modulator Menu Options and Parameters ____________________________ 4-4

4.3.3 Demodulator Menu Options and Parameters__________________________ 4-8

4.3.4 Interface Menu Options and Parameters____________________________ 4-11

4.3.5 AUPC Menu Options and Parameters ______________________________ 4- 14

4.3.6 Monitor Menu Options and Parameters _____________________________ 4-16

4.3.7 Alarms Menu Options and Parameters _____________________________ 4- 17

4.3.8 System Menu Options and Parameters_____________________________ 4-24

4.3.9 Test Menu Options and Parameters _______________________________ 4-25

4.4 DMD15/DMD15L Strap Codes _____________________________________ 4-26

4.5 Sample DMD15/DMD15L Applications _______________________________ 4-30

4.5.1 Operational Case Examples _____________________________________ 4- 31

4.6 Configuring the DMD15/DMD15L for Drop and Insert ___________________ 4-34

4.6.1 Data Rate____________________________________________________ 4-34

4.6.2 Operational Mode______________________________________________ 4- 35

4.6.3 Terrestrial Framing - Drop Mode/Insert Mode ________________________ 4-35

4.6.3.1 Insert Terrestrial Frame Source _________________________________ 4-35

4.6.4 D&I Sample Configur at ions and D&I Clock Setup Options ______________ 4-36

4.7 D&I Maps and Map Editing ________________________________________ 4-40

4.8 Terminal Mode Control ___________________________________________ 4-43

4.8.1 Modem Terminal Mode Control ___________________________________ 4-43

4.8.2 Modem Setup for Terminal Mode__________________________________ 4-43

x TM051 - Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Table of Contents

Section 5 – Electrical Interfaces

5.0 DMD15/DMD15L Connections ______________________________________ 5-1

5.1 Power Inputs ____________________________________________________ 5- 2

5.1.1 AC Power Input Module __________________________________________ 5-2

5.1.2 DC Power Input Module__________________________________________ 5-2

5.2 TX (J1) ________________________________________________________ 5-3

5.3 RX (J2) ________________________________________________________ 5-3

5.4 SD (J3) ________________________________________________________ 5-3

5.5 DDO (J4)_______________________________________________________ 5-3

5.6 IDI EXC (J5) ____________________________________________________ 5-3

5.7 EXT CLK (J5) – Synchronous Interface Only ___________________________ 5-3

5.8 RD (J6) ________________________________________________________ 5-3

5.9 G.703 (J7) ______________________________________________________ 5- 3

5.10 SYNC DATA (J8) _______________________________________________ 5- 4

5.11 ASYNC (J9) ____________________________________________________ 5-5

5.11 STATUS (J11)__________________________________________________ 5-6

5.13 TERMINAL (J12)________________________________________________ 5-7

5.14 REMOTE (J13) _________________________________________________ 5-7

5.15 ESC 8K DATA (J15) _____________________________________________ 5-8

5.16 ESC VOICE (J16) _______________________________________________ 5-9

5.17 ESC ALARMS (J17) _____________________________________________ 5-9

5.18 SWITCH (J18)_________________________________________________ 5-10

Section 6 – Maintenance

6.0 Periodic Maintenance _____________________________________________ 6-1

6.1 Troubleshooting _________________________________________________ 6- 1

6.2 DMD15/DMD15L Fault Philosophy ___________________________________ 6-1

6.2.1 Alarm Masks __________________________________________________ 6-2

6.2.2 Active Alarms __________________________________________________ 6-2

6.2.2.1 Major Alarms_________________________________________________ 6-2

6.2.2.2 Minor Alarms_________________________________________________ 6-2

6.2.2.3 Latched Alarms _______________________________________________ 6-2

6.3 DMD15/DMD15L Fault Tree Matrices_________________________________ 6-2

6.3.1 Interpreting the Matrices _________________________________________ 6-4

6.3.2 IBS Fault Conditions and Actions___________________________________ 6- 4

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 xi

Table of Contents DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Section 7 – Technical Specifications

7.0 Modulator Specifications___________________________________________ 7-1

7.1 Demodulator Specifications ________________________________________ 7-1

7.2 Plesiochronous Buffer_____________________________________________ 7-2

7.3 Monitor and Control_______________________________________________ 7- 2

7.4 DMD15/DMD15L Drop and Insert (Optional) ___________________________ 7-2

7.5 Terrestrial Interfaces______________________________________________ 7-3

7.6 Universal Interface _______________________________________________ 7-3

7.7 Environmental ___________________________________________________ 7-3

7.8 Physical________________________________________________________ 7-3

7.9 DMD15 Data Rate Limits __________________________________________ 7- 4

7.10 DMD15 BER Specifications________________________________________ 7-5

Section 8 – Appendices

Appendix A – Reed-Solomon Codes _____________________________________ A-1

Glossary __________________________________________________________G-1

xii TM051 - Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Introduction

Section 1 – Introduction

1.0 Description

The Radyn, Inc. DMD15/DMD15L Satellite Modem (Figure 1-1) offers the best features of a
sophisticated programmable IBS/IDR and Closed Network Modem, at an affordable price.

This versatile equipment package combines unsurpassed performance with numerous user­friendly Front Panel Programmable Functions. The DMD15/DMD15L provides selectable
functions for different services: Intelsat IDR and IBS, as well as closed networks. All of the
configuration and Monitor and Control (M&C) Functions are available at the Front Panel.
Operating parameters, such as variable data rates, FEC Code Rate, modulation type, IF
frequencies, IBS/IDR Framing and interface type can be readily set and changed at the Front
Panel by earth station operations personnel. Additionally, all functions can be accessed with a
terminal or personal computer via a serial link for complete remote monitoring and control
capability.

The DMD15/DMD15L operates at all standard IBS and IDR Data Rates up to 8.448 Mbps.
Selection of any data rate is provided over the range of 9.6 Kbps to 10 Mbps in 1 bps steps.

For applications requiring system redundancy, the DMD15/DMD15L Modem may be used with the
Radyne , Inc. RCS11 1:1 Redundancy Switch or the RCS20 M:N (N < 9) Redundancy Switch. An
optional Internal Engineering Service Channel Unit is available to provide voice, data, and alarms
for Intelsat IDR applications.

A full range of Industry Standard Interfaces is available for the DMD15/DMD15L. Interface types
are selectable from V.35, RS-232, RS-422/449 and ITU G.703.

Figure 1-1. DMD15/DMD15L Universal Satellite Modem Front Panel

1.1 DMD15/DMD15L Available Options

A wide range of options is available for the DMD15/DMD15L Satellite Modem.

1.1.1 Internal High Stability

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with a 1x10
an add-on enhancement.

-7

or better Stability Frequency Reference as

1.1.2 Reed-Solomon Codec

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with a Reed-Solomon (R-S) Outer Codec with an
interleaver as an optional add-on enhancement. The encoder and decoder are completely
independent and meet the IESS-308/309/310 specification. Once prepped, this option can be
installed in the field by installing five ICs into existing sockets. The DMD15/DMD15L must be
prepped for this option.

Note: Custom Reed-Solomon codes are also available.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 1-1

Introduction DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

1.1.3 Turbo Codec

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with an optional Turbo Codec Outer Code. This option
must be installed at the factory.

1.1.4 Drop and Insert (D&I)

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with a D&I Interface as an add-on enhancement. This
option can be added in the field by installing one IC into an existing socket. The D&I Functions
are completely independent and can be programmed for n x 64 blocks for either a T1 or E1 Data
Stream.

1.1.5 8PSK Modulation

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with 8PSK Modulation/Demodulation capability as an add­on option. The 8PSK Option can be added by installing 2 ICs into existing sockets.

1.1.6 OQPSK Modulation

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with an OQPSK modulation/demodulation capability as an
add-on option. The option can be added in the field by installing one IC into an existing socket.

1.1.7 16QAM Modulation

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with a 16QAM Modulation/Demodulation capability as an
add-on option. The 16QAM option can be added by installing 2 ICs into existing sockets.

1.1.8 Sequential Decoding

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with a sequential decoding option that can be installed as
an add-on option. The DMD15/DMD15L must be prepped for this option in the factory. Once
prepped, the option can be added by installing 3 ICs into existing sockets. Sequential
Encoding/Decoding can operate with 1/2, 3/4, and 7/8 Rates, up to data rates of 2.048 Mbps.

1.1.9 Earth Station-to-Earth Station (ES-ES) Communications

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with an asynchronous overhead channel capability as an
add-on option. The option can be added in the field by installing 2 ICs into existing sockets. The
overhead channel is proportional to the data rate (2,400 baud per 64 KB) up to a maximum of

19.2 Kbaud.

1.1.10 Analog AGC Voltage

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped at the factory to produce an analog voltage equivalent to
its AGC for use in antenna controllers.

1.1.11 Internal Engineering Service Channel (ESC)

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with an internal ESC. This unit is a card on the Universal
Interface Module (UIM). The DMD15/DMD15L can be updated with an ESC capable UIM in the
field with no other changes required.

1.1.12 OM73 Compatible

1-2 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Introduction

The DMD15/DMD15L can be equipped with an optional OM73 scrambler at the customer’s
request. This option must be prepped at the factory. Once installed, selection of the OM73
Scrambler/Descrambler will automatically invert the baseband data on the Modulator/Demodulator
respectively. This configuration is required to run compatible with the OM73 Modem.

1.1.13 Back Panel Options

The DMD15/DMD15L has several optional Interface Modules available (refer to Figures 5-1
through 5-5). These include:

Universal Interface Module w/ ESC
G.703 Interface Module w/ESC
G.703 Interface Module
Universal Interface Module
Synchronous Interface Module

These Interface Modules are available with AC or DC Power Input Modules and the following
Transmit and Receive schemes.

IF Transmit and Receive
L-Band Transmit and Receive
IF Transmit, L-Band Receive
IF Receive Only
L-Band Receive Only

1.1.14 Customized Options

The DMD15/DMD15L may be customized for specific customer requirements. Most modifications
or customization can be accomplished by means of firmware/software modifications.
The following are examples of the types of customization available to the user:

Customized Data Rates.
Customized Scrambler/Descramblers.
Customized Overhead Framing Structures.
Customized Modulation Formats.
Customized Uses for the Earth Station-to-Earth Station (ES-ES) Overhead Channel.

Contact the Radyne , Inc. Customer Service or Sales Department at [phone] for all
requests.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 1-3

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Installation

Section 2 – Installation

2.0 Installation Requirements

The DMD15/DMD15L Modem is designed to be installed within any standard 19-inch wide
equipment cabinet or rack, and requires one rack unit (RU) of mounting space (1.75 inches)
vertically and 21 inches of depth. Including cabling, a minimum of 23 inches of rack depth is
required. The rear panel of the DMD15/DMD15L is designed to have power enter from the right
and IF Cabling enter from the left when viewed from the rear of the modem. Data and control
cabling can enter from either side although they are closer to the right. The unit can be placed on
a table or suitable surface if required.

There are no user-serviceable parts o r configu ration set tings lo cated insid e
the DMD15/DMD15L Chassis. There is a potential shock hazard internally at
the power supply module. DO NOT open the DMD15/DMD15L Chassis
under any circumstances.

Before initially applying power to the unit, it is a good idea to disconnect
the transmit output from the operating ground station equipment. This is
especially true if the current DMD15/DMD15L configuration settings are
unknown, where inco rrect settings could disrupt existing communications
traffic.

2.1 Unpacking

The DMD15/DMD15L Modem was carefully packaged to avoid damage and should arrive
complete with the following items for proper installation:

1. DMD15/DMD15L Modem Unit.

2. Power Cord, 6-foot with applicable AC Connector.

3. Installation and Operation Manual.

2.2 Removal and Assembly

Carefully unpack the unit and ensure that all of the above items are in the carton. If the Prime AC
power available at the installation site requires a different Power Cord/AC Connector, then
arrangements to receive the proper device will be necessary before proceeding with the
installation.

The DMD15/DMD15L Modem Unit is shipped fully assembled and does not require removal of the
covers for any purpose in installation. The only replaceable assembly in the unit is the Universal
Interface Module (UIM).

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 2-1

Installation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Always ensure that power is removed from the DMD15/DMD15L before
removing or installing a UIM. Failure to do so may cause damage to the
equipment.

Should the Power Cable/AC Connector be of the wrong type for the installation, either the cable or
the power connector end should be replaced. The power supply itself is designed for universal
application using from 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz, 1.0 A.

2.3 Mounting Considerations

When mounted in an equipment rack, adequate ventilation must be provided. The ambient
temperature in the rack should preferably be between 10° and 35° C, and held constant for best

equipment operation. The air available to the rack should be clean and relatively dry. The
modem units may be stacked one on top of the other to a maximum of 10 consecutive units
before providing one RU of space for airflow. Modem units should not be placed immediately
above a high heat or EMF Generator to ensure the output signal integrity and proper receive
operation.

Do not mount the DMD15/DMD15L in an unprotected outdoor location where there is direct
contact with rain, snow, wind or sun. The modem is designed for indoor applications only. The
only tools required for rack mounting the DMD15/DMD15L is a set of four rack-mounting screws
and the appropriate screwdriver. Rack mounting brackets are an integral part of the cast front
bezel of the unit and are not removable.

2.4 DMD15/DMD15L Initial Configuration Check

The DMD15/DMD15L is shipped from the factory with preset factory defaults. Upon initial power­up, a user check should be performed to verify the shipped modem configuration. Refer to
Section 4, User Interfaces to locate and verify that the following configuration settings are correct:

The DMD15/DMD15L Interface Type (V.35, RS-422, RS-232, G.703, etc.)
MUST be selected from the F ront Pane l BEFORE th e mating co nnecto rs are
installed. Failure to do so may cause damage to the Universal Interface
Module. Power up the DMD15/DMD15L, select the appropriate interface
type, and then install the mating connectors.

Note: Transmit (Tx) and Receive (Rx) Interface types are dependent upon the customer’s
order.

2-2 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Installation

Standard DMD15/DMD15L Factory Configuration Settings

Modulator:

Data Rate: 2.048 Mbps
Mode: Closed Network
Forward Error Correction: 1/2 Rate Viterbi
Modulation: QPSK
Frequency: 70.000000 MHz

Note: The above modem configuration can be set by implementing Strap Code 26.
Refer to Table 3-1 for an explanation and tabular listing of available Strap Codes.

Modulator Output Power: -20 dBm

Demodulator:

Data Rate: 2.048 Mbps
Mode: Closed Network
Forward Error Correction: 1/2 Rate Viterbi
Frequency: 70.000000 MHz

To lock up the modem, enter ‘IF Loopback Enable’ under the Test menu, or connect a Loopback
Cable from J1 to J2 on the rear panel of the modem.

2.5 Modulator Checkout

The following descriptions assume that the DMD15/DMD15L is installed in a suitable location with
prime AC power and supporting equipment available.

2.5.1 Initial Power-Up

Before initial power up of the DMD15/DMD15L, it is a good idea to
disconnect the transmit output from the operating ground station
equipment. This is especially true if the current Modulator Configuration
Settings are unknown, w here incorrect settings could disrupt the existing
communications traffic. New un its f rom t he f acto ry are normally sh ipped in
a default configuration which includes setting the transmit carrier off.

Turn on the unit by placing the Rear Panel Switch (located above the power entry connector) to
the ‘ON’ position. Upon initial and subsequent power-ups, the DMD15/DMD15L Microprocessor
will test itself and several of its components before beginning its Main Monitor/Control Program.
These power-up diagnostics show no results if successful. If a failure is detected, the Fault LED
will illuminate.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 2-3

Installation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

The initial field checkout of the modem can be accomplished from the Front Panel or in the
Terminal Mode. The Terminal Mode has the advantage of providing full screen access to all of
the modem’s parameters, but requires a separate terminal or computer running a Terminal
Program. The unit is placed into terminal mode by setting two options via the Front Panel. The
two options are the Term Baud and Emulation settings found under the System M&C Submenus.

Terminal Setup:

Baud Rate: 19.2 K (Can be changed via Front Panel)
Data Bits: 8
Parity: No Parity (Fixed)
Stop Bits: 1 Stop Bit

2-4 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

Section 3 – Operation

3.0 Theory of Operation

The DMD15/DMD15L is designed in three major sections: Universal Interface, Baseband
Processing, and Universal Modem.

3.1 DMD15/DMD15L Functional Block Diagram

Figures 3-1a through 3-1c represent the DMD15/DMD15L Functional Blocks. The modem is
shown in a typical application with customer data, Tx/Rx RF equipment and an antenna.

Figure 3-1a. DMD15/DMD15L Universal Satellite Modem Functional Block Diagram

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-1

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-1b (Alternate 1). DMD15/DMD15L Universal Satellite Modem Functional Block

Diagram

Figure 3-1c (Alternate 2). DMD15/DMD15L Universal Satellite Modem Functional Block

3-2 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

Diagram

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.2 Universal Interface Module (UIM)

The Universal Interface Module (UIM) is a field-replaceable module that plugs into the rear of the
DMD15/DMD15L. The UIM provides the interconnection points (J3 - J8) for Terrestrial Data and
Clock to the Modem. The UIM also contains a Connection Port for an Asynchronous Data
Channel (J9) for use in Earth Station-to-Earth Station (ES-ES) communications. Additionally, the
UIM provides connection points (J11) for Form-C modem Status Relays. An illustration of two
versions of the UIM is shown in Figure 3-2, and Functional Block Diagrams are shown in
Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-2. Universal Interface Modules (UIM) Dip Switch Settings

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-3

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-3. Universal Interface Modules (UIM) Functional Block Diagram

3.3 Synchronous Interface

Synchronous Tx Data and Clock enters the UIM and is routed to either the RS-422, RS-232, or
V.35 Receiver as the selected M&C Processor. The signals are then converted to an RS-422
balanced format and sent to the Baseband (BB) Processor Card. Receive Data from the BB
Processor Card undergoes the reverse process where it is converted from RS-422 Balanced
format and routed to the RS-422 or V.35 Drivers.

3.4 G.703 Interface

Either Balanced or Unbalanced G.703 Data is routed from the ‘Send Data In’ Connections to the
G.703 Receiver. The G.703 Receiver recovers a clock from the data stream, converts the clock
and data to an RS-422 balanced format, and routes the clock and data to the BB Processor. The
reverse process is performed on the Receive Data Stream where the G.703 Data exits the
modem at the ‘Receive Data Out’ Connection. The G.703 Interface is designed to operate at the
following data rates:

T1 (1.544 Mbps)
E1 (2.048 Mbps)
T2 (6.312 Mbps)
E2 (8.448 Mbps)

Additionally, the line code is selected when the interface type is selected with the exception that
T1 may use B8ZS or AMI as selected at the Front Panel.
The G.703 Interface also contains two additional ports that can operate at T1 or E1 that provides
a four port D&I Interface. The ‘Drop Data Out’ Port provides an unaltered Send Data Output that
can be used for daisy chaining additional systems. On the receive side, a T1 or E1 Data Stream

3-4 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

can be connected to the ‘Insert Data In’ Port where received data will overwrite ‘dropped on’ the
T1/E1 Data Stream. The modified T1/E1 Data Stream will then exit the modem out of the
‘Receive Data Out’ Port.

3.5 Earth Station to Earth Station (ES-ES) Communications Port
(Async Port J9)

The UIM contains a selectable RS-232, or RS-485 Asynchronous Communications Port for Earth­Station-to-Earth-Station Communications. The data is routed from the 9-Pin “D” Connector J9 to
one of the M&C Processor UARTS on the Baseband Processor Card. The baud rate and protocol
can be selected from the Front Panel.

3.6 Terrestrial Loopback

The UIM also provides for terrestrial loopback. For Tx Terr Loopback, Tx Data, after passing
through the Line Interface is looped back to the Rx Data line drivers. For RX Terr Loopback, the
Receive Data from the satellite is looped back for retransmission to the satellite providing a far
end loopback. Tx/Rx Loopback provides both loopbacks simultaneously. Refer to Figures 3-4
through 3-6 for loopback functional block diagrams.

3.7 Modem Status

The UIM provides several status indications, which are controlled by the M&C Processor.

Form-C Contacts:

The UIM provides three Form-C Relays under processor control that appear at J11.

Mod Fault: De-energized when any transmit side fault is detected.
Demod Fault: De-energized when any receive side fault is detected.
Common Fault: De-energized when any fault that is not explicitly a Tx or

Rx Fault such as an M&C or Power Supply Fault.

Open Collector Faults:

The UIM provides two Open Collector Faults that appear at Pins 28 & 10 on J8.
Mod Fault: Will sink up to 20 ma (maximum) until a transmit or

common fault is detected. Will not sink current if a fault
is detected.

Demod Fault: Will sink up to 20 ma (maximum) until a receive or

common fault is detected. Will not sink current if a fault
is detected.

The open collector faults are intended for use in redundancy switch applications in order to
provide quick status indications.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-5

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-4. Loopback Functional Block Diagram

3-6 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

Figure 3-5. Loopback Functional Block Diagram

Figure 3-6. Loopback Functional Block Diagram

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-7

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.8 Baseband Processor Card

The Baseband Processor Card (BB Card) contains two major subsystems⎯the Baseband
Processing System and the Monitor and Control Subsystem.

3.8.1 Baseband Processing

The Baseband Processor performs all of the functions required for an IBS/IDR Framing Unit, a
Reed-Solomon Codec, an E1/T1 Drop and Insert System and a Turbo Codec. In addition, the
Baseband Processing Section provides for Transmit clock selection and rate adaptation as well as
a rate adapter and Plesiochronous/Doppler (PD) Buffer in the receive direction. A multiplexer is
also provided for the SCT Clock Source for Loop Timing Applications. The transmit and receive
paths may be configured independently under processor control.

3.8.2 Tx Baseband Processing

As shown in Figure 3-7, the Tx Data and Clock enters the Baseband Processor, passes through a
Rate Adapting FIFO and enters the Framer/Drop Processor. In Closed-Net Mode, the data
passes through the framer unaltered. In IDR, IBS, and D&I Modes, the framer adds the
appropriate framing and ESC as defined in IESS-308 and 309. In D&I Mode, the framer acquires
the terrestrial framing structure, E1 or T1, and synchronizes the Drop Processor. The Drop
Processor extracts the desired time slots from the terrestrial data stream and feeds these
channels back to the framer. The framer then places the ‘dropped’ terrestrial time slots into the
desired satellite channel slots. The data is then sent to the Reed-Solomon Encoder.

The Reed-Solomon Encoder, if engaged, is designed as an installable option that encodes the
data into Reed-Solomon Blocks. The blocks are interleaved and synchronized to the frame
pattern as defined in IESS-308 and IESS-309. After Reed-Solomon Encoding, the composite
data and clock are applied to the BB Loopback Circuit.

3-8 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

Figure 3-7. DMD15/DMD15L Clock Logic

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.8.3 Rx Baseband Processing

The Receive Processor performs the inverse function of the Tx Processor. Data received from
the satellite passes through the BB Loopback Circuit to the Reed-Solomon Decoder to the
Deframer. The Deframer acquires the IBS/IDR frame, synchronizes the Reed-Solomon Decoder
and extracts the received data and overhead from the frame structure, placing the data into the
PD Buffer, sending the overhead data to the UIM. In Closed-Net Mode, the data is extracted from
the buffer and is sent to the UIM. Backward Alarm indications are sent to the M&C Subsystem.
In Drop and Insert Mode, the Insert Processor synchronizes to the incoming terrestrial T1/E1 Data
Stream, extracts satellite channels from the PD Buffer, and then inserts them into the desired
terrestrial time slots in the T1/E1 Data Stream.

3.8.4 Clock Selection

Both the Tx Clock and the Buffer Clock source may be independently locked to one of the
following:

SCT (Internal Oscillator)
SCTE (External Tx Terrestrial Clock)
EXC clock (External Clock Source)
Rx Satellite Clock (Loop Timing)

Additionally, for loop timing applications the SCT Clock Source can be selected to be Rx Satellite
Clock.

3.9 Monitor & Control (M&C) Subsystem

Also contained on the BB Card is the M&C Subsystem. The M&C contains a high-performance
Motorola 68302 Microprocessor and is responsible for overall command and control of modem
functions. The M&C is constantly monitoring all subsystems of the modem by performing a
periodic poll routine and configures the modem by responding to commands input to the system.
During each poll cycle, the status of each of the subsystems is collected and reported to each of
the external ports and Front Panel. Performance statistics such as E
compiled. If faults are detected, the M&C will take appropriate actions to minimize the effect of
such faults on the system (Refer to the Fault Matrices in the Section 6 (Maintenance) of this
manual).

The M&C subsystem contains the following features:

, buffer fill %, etc. are

b/No

3.9.1 Asynchronous Serial Port #1

This port is dedicated to the Terminal Program. With this program, all features of the modem may
be controlled and monitored by any common terminal connected to the Terminal Port.

3.9.2 Serial Port #2

This port is dedicated to the Modem Remote Port. This port may be configured to support a
number of synchronous or asynchronous protocols such as HDLC, and RS-485. This port is
intended for use in computer-based remote M&C. All functions of the modem may be monitored
and controlled from this port.

3.9.3 Serial Port #3

This port is dedicated for ES-ES Communications. The port may be configured for a number of
communications protocols. Overhead data to/from the UIM is routed to/from the framer/deframer.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-9

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.9.4 Front Panel Interface

The M&C operates the Front Panel, which includes a 2 x 12 backlit LCD, Indicator LEDs, and a
Numeric Keypad.

3.9.5 Clock

The time and date is kept in order to ‘time-tag’ system events.

3.9.6 Watchdog Timer

The Watchdog Timer monitors the health of the M&C Subsystem.

3.9.7 Program Flash ROM

The 512K of reprogrammable program ROM (expandable to 1 MB) is available to the M&C.

3.9.8 RAM

128K RAM (expandable to 512K)

3.9.9 Non-Volatile RAM

8K of Non-Volatile RAM (expandable to 32K) is provided in order to hold the modems current
configuration. In the case of power interruption, the M&C will reconfigure the modem identically to
the state before power was lost.

3.10 Universal Modem

The Universal Modem (UM) Card contains a complete variable rate modulator/demodulator
intended for satellite communications. The UM utilizes the latest digital technology for high
reliability and versatility. The modulator and demodulator sections may be configured
independently under processor control. The UM includes a duaL-Band 70/140 MHz IF, QAM
Modulator/Phase Lock Receiver, Convolutional Encoder/Viterbi Decoder, sequential decoding
option, Differential Encoder/Decoder, and a V.35 Scrambler/Descrambler.

3.10.1 Modulator

Processed baseband data ready for transmission enters the modulator and undergoes, if the
functions have been enabled, V.35 Scrambling and Differential Encoding. The data then
undergoes convolutional encoding and is fed to the Dual Variable Interpolating FIR Filter. The FIR
Filter shapes the data waveform to a predefined spectral mask and vectorizes the data for
mapping into a PSK Constellation. The data is then converted to an analog waveform and is
vector modulated onto an RF Carrier produced from the Transmit IF Synthesizer Circuitry. The
final output is then fed to the IF Loopback Circuitry where under microprocessor control the
Transmit Signal may be routed to the demodulator. Due to its nearly complete digital
implementation, the modulator is capable of performing virtually any modulation format, and can
produce almost any desired spectral mask. The modulator also houses the SCT and Reference
Oscillators. The Reference Oscillator provides the frequency standard for both the modulator and
demodulator. An external reference may also be selected. In this case, the Reference Oscillator
is locked to the external reference.

3-10 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.10.2 Demodulator

The demodulator performs a complete digital implementation of a Variable-Rate Phase-Lock
Satellite Receiver utilizing state-of-the-art digital signal processing techniques. The demodulator
is capable of receiving nearly any modulation format. Signals enter the demodulator, are
converted to baseband, split into ‘I’ In-Phase and ‘Q’ Quadrature Channels and digitized. The
digitized I and Q Channels are then applied to a decimating FIR Matched Filter. After filtering, the
signal is demodulated using a Costas Loop for recovery of the carrier and a clock recovery loop
for recovery of bit timing. The demodulated data is then fed to a 1650 Viterbi Decoder, or
Sequential Decoder if the option is installed. After decoding, the data is differentially decoded and
descrambled.

3.11 DMD15/DMD15L Clocking Options

The following paragraphs define the types of clocking options available to the user at the Front
Panel of the DMD15/DMD15L:

3.11.1 SCTE: Serial Clock Transmit External

This clock is the Transmit Terrestrial Clock associated with the interface. With the G.703
Interface selected, SCTE is the clock that is recovered from the G.703 data stream. SCTE is
sometimes referred to as Tx Terrestrial Timing and for Synchronous Interfaces such as RS-422,
SCTE is sometimes referred to as TT (Terminal Timing).

3.11.2 SCT: Serial Clock Transmit

This clock is an internally generated clock that is output from the modem. The clock is generally
used by the Terrestrial Terminal equipment for clocking the transmit data. The frequency of the
clock is set the same as the Transmit Terrestrial Clock rate if internal is selected, or is the receive
clock from the Demodulator if SCR is selected. SCT is sometimes referred to as Internal Timing
or ST (Send Timing).

3.11.4 EXT EXC: External Clock

This is an independent clock source. This clock is most often used if there is a station master
clock. The EXT EXC can be selected, in the Interface/General Menu, to be balanced, bnc exc,
sys rcs10, or IDI. IDI is used ONLY for D&I cases where external framing is selected. In this
case the EXT EXC must be set to IDI where the Receive Buffer Clock is derived from the external
Receive T1 or E1 Trunk.

3.11.5 BNC EXC: BNC External Clock

Unbalanced external clock input into BNC Connector J5.

Clock specification:

Frequency: 1 MHz – 10 MHz in 40 kHz steps
Level: 0.5 Vp-p – 5 Vp-p

3.11.6 BAL EXC: Balanced External Clock

This clock is input into J8-15-33, J7-7-8, or J18-13-47; all connectors are wired together for this
clock and so only one connector pair should be driven at one time. The clock must meet RS-422
levels.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-11

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.11.7 IDI: Insert Data In

This clock source is only used as an external frame source selected in D&I Mode. If External
Frame Source is selected, then IDI must be selected for the buffer clock. For this case, a
Receive T1/E1 Trunk is input into J5 and a buffer clock is derived.

3.11.8 SCR: Serial Clock Receive

This Receive Clock is recovered from the satellite’s receive signal from the satellite. SCR is
sometimes referred to as Receive Clock, Satellite Clock, or as RT (Receive Timing).

3.11.9 EXT IF REF: External IF Reference

This is not actually a clock, but does have some clocking implications. When the external
reference is used, the master oscillator within the DMD15/DMD15L is locked to the external
reference, and the internal accuracy and stability of the DMD15/DMD15L assumes that of the
External Reference. Therefore, not only are the transmit and receive frequencies of the
DMD15/DMD15L locked to the external reference, but the modem’s internal SCT Oscillator is
locked to the external reference as well.

3.12 Transmit Timing

As shown in Figure 3-7, Transmit Terrestrial Data enters the modem and is clocked into a Dejitter
FIFO. Data is clocked out of the FIFO by the Modulator Clock. The Modulator Clock and Phase­Locked Loop (PLL), in conjunction with the Dejitter FIFO, reduces the input jitter. Jitter reduction
exceeds the jitter transfer specified in CCITT G.821.

3.12.1 EXT CLK as TX Clock Source (RS-422 or V.35 Interface)

Data must be clocked into the modem by either the SCTE or SCT Source. If EXT CLK is selected
as the Tx Clock Source, then SCTE must be supplied to the modem. The output of the dejitter
buffer will be clocked with EXT CLK. This case should only be used if SCTE has excessive jitter
and will degrade link performance.

3.12.2 SCT or SCTE

If SCT is selected, then only data that is synchronous to the SCT Clock is required to be supplied
to the modem. It is intended for the terminal equipment to use the SCT as its clock source. The
Autophase Circuit will automatically ensure that the data is clocked correctly into the modem.
Therefore, a return clock is not necessary. The Clock Polarity should be set to AUTO.

If SCTE is selected, then SCTE must be supplied to the modem. The Clock Polarity should be
set to AUTO.

3.12.3 G.703 Interface

If the G.703 Interface is selected, then the Tx Clock Source must be set to SCTE and the Clock
Polarity should be set to AUTO.

3.13 Receive Timing

Any of the clocking selections, SCTE, SCT, EXT CLK, or RxSat (SCR) may be selected as the
Buffer Clock. Data will be clocked out of the buffer at the data rate synchronous to the selected
clock source.

3-12 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.14 Loop Timing

If loop timing is desired (i.e.; the modem timing is slaved to the far end master station), the
modem clocks can be configured as follows:

3.14.1 Transmit (RS-422 or V.35 Interface)

Set SCT Source to ‘SCR’. The Tx Terminal Equipment must clock the TX Data with the SCT
Clock and return data and SCTE (Optional). If SCTE is returned to the modem from the terminal
equipment, set TX CLK to SCTE. If SCTE is not returned to the modem, set TX CLK to SCT.
The TX CLK PHASE should be set to AUTO.

3.14.2 G.703 Interface or Asymmetrical Data Rates

Loop timing with a G.703 Interface or Asymmetrical Data Rates requires external equipment at
the remote end that is capable of using the recovered RD Clock as source timing for (SCTE) SD.
The modem will not manipulate the clock frequency. Therefore, the transmit and receive clock
rates must be equal in order for the modem to perform loop timing.

3.14.3 Receive

Select the Buffer clock to RxSAT (SCR).

3.15 Drop and Insert (D&I)

The Radyne DMD15/DMD15L Drop and Insert (D&I) Function provides an interface between a full
T1 or E1 Trunk whose framing is specified in CCITT G.704 and a fractional Nx64 Kbps Satellite
Channel that conforms to the IBS and small IDR Framing Structures. The Drop function allows
the user to select the terrestrial T1 or E1 timeslots that are to be dropped off for transmission over
the link in the specified satellite channels.

The Insert function allows the user to select the T1 or E1 timeslots into which the received satellite
channels are to be inserted. The two functions are completely independent allowing maximum
flexibility in choosing configurations. The four-port G.703 Interface allows one or more modems to
be looped together using the same T1 or E1 trunk.

The Transmit Data Trunk is brought into the modem via the Send Data In (SDI) Port. From there,
the TX Baseband Processor extracts the selected timeslots from the G.704 Frame and prepares
them for transmission. The original trunk data is sent out of the modem unaltered via the Send
Data Out (SDO) Port. The Receive Data Trunk is brought into the modem via the Insert Data In
(IDI) Port. The data is buffered inside the modem and the RX Baseband Processor inserts
satellite data into the selected timeslots in the G.704 Frame. The modified terrestrial trunk is then
output via the Receive Data Out (RDO) Port.

Figure 3-8 shows two modems looped together. This configuration could be simplified to just use
one modem, or extended to use more than two modems. Figure 3-9 shows an alternative method
of looping where all of the drop (transmit) data is processed prior to performing any insert
(receive) processing. In both configurations, the terrestrial trunk is providing the timing for the
satellite transmission and for the terrestrial receive.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-13

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-8. Looped Modems

Figure 3-9. Looped Modems with Separate D&I Trunks

3-14 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.15.1 Drop Only

When Drop is enabled and Insert is disabled, the DMD15/DMD15L performs a drop-only function.
Framed E1 or T1 Data is input via the Send Data In Port, the selected timeslots are dropped into
the IBS frame structure, and the unaltered terrestrial data is output via the Send Data Out Port
(refer to Figure 3-10).

Figure 3-10. Drop Only

3.15.2 Insert Only

When Insert is enabled and Drop is disabled, the DMD15/DMD15L performs an insert-only
function. If framed terrestrial E1 or T1 Data is available, it should be input via the Insert Data In
Port. The Terrestrial Data is buffered inside the Modem. The RX Baseband Processor inserts
satellite data into the selected timeslots in the G.704 Frame and the modified terrestrial data is
then output via the Receive Data Out Port (refer to Figure 3-11).

If framed terrestrial data is not available, selection of the Internal T1/E1 frame source will cause
the modem to generate the required G.704 Frame. The Satellite Data will be inserted into the
selected timeslots, and the resulting terrestrial data will be output via the Receive Data Out Port.
Any non-inserted timeslots in the G.704 Frame will be filled with the appropriate Idle Code (refer to
Figure 3-12).

Figure 3-11. Insert Only with Eternal Frame Source

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-15

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-12. Insert Only with Internal Frame Source

3.16 Mode Selection

The DMD15/DMD15L D&I can be easily configured to support several commonly used terrestrial
data formats. For E1 Data, the user can choose between PCM-30, PCM-30C, PCM-31 and PCM­31C. For T1 Data, the user can choose between T1-D4, T1-ESF, and SLC-96. The following
paragraphs provide more information on the various mode selection capabilities of the
DMD15/DMD15L.

3.16.1 PCM-30

The PCM-30 Mode of Operation supports an E1 Interface with Multiframe Alignment (MFAS) and
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS). The user may independently program n timeslots to drop
and n timeslots to insert where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. In addition to
the selected drop timeslots, the Transmit Function also extracts the appropriate ABCD signaling
bits from terrestrial timeslot 16 for transmission in IBS Frame as required. Conversely, the
Receive Function extracts received ABCD signaling bits from the IBS Frame and inserts them in
timeslot 16 of the appropriate terrestrial frame. This transmission and reception of ABCD
signaling based upon the drop and insert timeslots is performed automatically and is transparent
to the user. In PCM-30 mode, the user may not select timeslot 16 as a Drop or Insert Timeslot.

3.16.2 PCM-30C

The PCM-30C Mode of Operation supports an E1 Interface with Multiframe Alignment (MFAS)
and Channel Associated Signaling (CAS). In addition, the Drop function verifies the received
terrestrial CRC checksum and the Insert function calculates the required CRC checksum. The
user may independently program n timeslots to drop and n timeslots to insert where n = 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. In addition to the selected Drop timeslots, the Transmit
Function also extracts the appropriate ABCD signaling bits from terrestrial timeslot 16 for
transmission in IBS Frame as required. Conversely, the Receive Function extracts received
ABCD signaling bits from the IBS frame and inserts them in timeslot 16 of the appropriate
terrestrial frame. This transmission and reception of ABCD signaling based upon the Drop and
Insert timeslots is performed automatically and is transparent to the user. In PCM-30C Mode, the
user may not select timeslot 16 as a Drop or Insert Timeslot.

3.16.3 PCM-31

The PCM-31 Mode of Operation supports an E1 Interface with no Multiframe Alignment (MFAS)
or Channel Associated Signaling (CAS). The user may independently program n timeslots to drop
and n timeslots to insert where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. Because there
is no implied ABCD signaling, the user is free to select timeslot 16 as a Drop or Insert Timeslot.

3-16 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

3.16.4 PCM-31C

The PCM-31C Mode of Operation supports an E1 Interface with no Multiframe Alignment (MFAS)
or Channel Associated Signaling (CAS). In addition, the Drop Function verifies the received
terrestrial CRC checksum and the Insert Function calculates the required CRC checksum. The
user may independently program ‘n’ timeslots to drop and ‘n’ timeslots to insert where ‘n’ = 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. Because there is no implied ABCD signaling, the user is
free to select timeslot 16 as a Drop or Insert Timeslot.

3.16.5 T1-D4/T1-D4-S

The T1-D4 Mode of Operation supports a T1 Interface with 12 frames per multiframe. The user
may independently program n timeslots to drop and n timeslots to insert where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. In the DMD15/DMD15L, Robbed Bit Signaling (RBS) is handled
without any need for operator intervention and is transparent to the user.

3.16.6 T1-ESF/ T1-ESF-S

The T1-ESF Mode of Operation supports a T1 Interface with 24 frames per multiframe. The
CRC-6 checksum is automatically checked by the Drop Function and generated by the Insert
Function and placed in the appropriate F-bit positions in the terrestrial multiframe. The user may
independently program n timeslots to drop, and n timeslots to insert, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,
10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. In the DMD15/DMD15L, Robbed Bit Signaling (RBS) is handled
without any need for operator intervention and is transparent to the user.

3.16.7 SLC-96

The T1 SLC-96 Mode supports a T1 Interface with 12 Frames per Multiframe (as per T1-D4) with
the following exceptions:

The signaling frames (F
During the subsequent four signaling frames, the F

bits) are sent twice in succession.

s

bits are replaced with data link

s

information bits.

The data frame is composed of six signaling frames with a length of 9 msec. The user may
independently program n timeslots to drop, and n timeslots to insert, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,
10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 24, or 30. In the DMD15/DMD15L, Robbed Bit Signaling (RBS) is handled
without any need for operator intervention and is transparent to the user.

3.17 Multidestinational Systems

Because the Drop and Insert Functions are completely independent, the DMD15/DMD15L easily
supports multidestinational communications. Figure 3-13 illustrates a Multidestinational System
with one Hub site and three remote sites. At the Hub site, thirty channels are being transmitted to
all three remote sites and a fractional set of channels is being received from each remote site. At
the other end of the link, each remote site is transmitting a fractional E1 to the Hub site as well as
receiving all thirty (30) channels from the Hub site. It also identifies those channels intended for it,
and inserts them into the terrestrial data stream.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-17

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 3-13. Multidestinational Communications

3.17 Drop and Insert Mapping

The following displays under Interface D&I Setup (both Tx and Rx), are editing displays only:

SATCh TS

Enter to Edit

Any changes made in these displays are made on the screen, but are not entered into the
modem. Once these menus are configured, the Mapping Menu must be used to actually enter

the settings into the modem.

Example :

For a modem w/ Drop & Insert enabled at a data rate of 256 (with timeslots assigned 1-1, 2-2,
etc.). At a data rate of 256, the modem will allow 4 channels to assign timeslots to. Under the Tx
Menu, assign the timeslots that are to be used to the 4 channels. CH1 is assigned to TS1
(Timeslot #1), CH2 to TS 2, CH3 to TS3 and CH4 to TS4, <ENTER> must be depressed after
assigning each individual TS. Once the timeslots are assigned to the channels, use the Left or
Right Arrow Key to scroll to the Mapping Menu. This menu will appear in the following way:

This is the menu where the channel assignments are actually entered into the modem. To do
this, perform the following steps:

Map Copy

******* *******

3-18 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

For the Transmit Side:

1. Push <ENTER> to get the flashing cursor.

2. Use the Up Arrow Key to make the left portion of the display read “TX EDIT”.

3. Use the Right or Left Arrow Keys to switch the flashing cursor to the right portion
of the display.

4. Use the Up or Down Arrow Key to make the right hand portion read “TX ACTIVE”.

5. The mapping display should now look like this:

Map Copy

TX EDIT > TX ACTIVE

6. Push <ENTER> to enter this command. This tells the modem to configure to the
settings that were assigned in the Channel/Timeslot display.

For the Receive Side:

1. With Rx Side Channels configured as follows: CH1 to TS1, CH2 to TS2, CH3 to
TS3 and CH4 to TS4.

2. After the timeslots are assigned properly, scroll to the Mapping Menu and use the
above procedure to enter the settings into the modem.

3. Set the display to read:

Map Copy

RX EDIT > RX ACTIVE

4. Press <ENTER> to enter the settings into the modem.

To View the current Timeslot Assignment:

1. If there is a question of the channels not being entered properly, the Mapping
Menu may be used to see how the channels/timeslots are configured in the
modem.

2. Use <ENTER> and the Arrow Keys to make the mapping menu read (for the Tx
Side):

Map Copy

TX ACTIVE > TX EDIT

3. Press <ENTER>. The modem has now copied the current Tx Settings to the Tx
Channel/Timeslot Display.

4. For the Rx Side:

Map Copy

RX ACTIVE > RX EDIT

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-19

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

5. Press <ENTER>. The modem has now copied the current Rx Settings to the Rx
Channel/Timeslot display ).

Note: It is not mandatory to assign timeslots in sequential order, although the
lowest timeslot must be entered in the lowest channel. For example: timeslots may
be assigned 1-2, 2-5, etc. but not 1-5, 2-2.

3.18 Reed-Solomon Codec (Refer to Figures 3-14, 3-15, and Table 3-1)

Utilizing a Reed-Solomon (RS) Outer Codec concatenated with a Convolutional Inner Codec is an
effective way to produce very low error rates even for poor signal-to-noise ratios while requiring
only a small increase in transmission bandwidth. Typically, concatenating an RS Codec requires
an increase in transmission bandwidth of only 9 – 12% while producing a greater than 2 dB
improvement in E
adds 2t = (N – K) check bytes to produce an N byte RS block. The RS decoder can then correct
up to “t” erred bytes in the block.

. RS is a block Codec where K data bytes are fed into the encoder which

b/No

3.18.1 Operation in the DMD15/DMD15L

When the Reed-Solomon Codec is enabled, data is fed to the RS Encoding Section of the
DMD15/DMD15L where it is scrambled, formed into blocks, RS encoded, and interleaved.
Unique words are added so that the blocks can be reformed in the Receiving Modem (Refer to
Figure 3-13). Data is then sent to the modulator where it is convolutionally encoded, modulated
and transmitted to the satellite.

When the signal is received and demodulated by the Receiving Modem, it is fed to a Viterbi
Decoder for the first layer of error correction. After error correction is performed by the Viterbi
Decoder, the unique words are located and the data is deinterleaved and reformed into blocks.
The RS Decoder then corrects the leftover errors in each block. The data is then descrambled
and output from the RS Section.

3.18.2 Reed-Solomon Code Rate

The RS Code Rate is defined by (N, K) where N is the total RS block size in bytes - data + check
bytes - and K is the number of data bytes input into the RS Encoder. The transmission rate
expansion required by the RS Codec is then defined by N/K. The DMD15/DMD15L automatically
sets the correct RS code rate for IDR/IBS open network operation in accordance with the data
shown in Table 3-1. In Closed Net Mode, the DMD15/DMD15L allows any N or K setting up to N
= 255, and K = 235 to allow tailoring of the code rate to meet system requirements.

3.18.3 Interleaving

The DMD15/DMD15L allows for interleaving depths of 4 or 8 RS Blocks. This allows burst errors
to be spread over 4 or 8 RS blocks in order to enhance the error correcting performance of the
RS Codec. For Open Network Modes, the DMD15/DMD15L automatically sets the interleaving
depth to 4 for QPSK or BPSK or 8 for 8PSK. In Closed Network Mode, the interleaver depth can
be manually set to 4 or 8.

Figure 3-14. Reed-Solomon Encoder Functional Block Diagram

3-20 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

Figure 3-15. Reed-Solomon Decoder Functional Block Diagram

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-21

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Table 3-1. Reed-Solomon Codes for IDR

Type of
Service

Data Rate

(Kbps)

RS Code (n,

k, t) 1

Bandwidth

Expansion

[ (n/k) -1 ]

Interleaving

Depth

Maximum

RS Codec

Delay (ms)

2

Small IDR

(With 16/15

O/H)

IDR

(With 96

Kbps O/H)

8PSK

64
128
256
384
512
768

1024
1536
1544
2048
6312
8448
1544
2048
6312
8448

(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)
(126, 112, 7)

(225, 205,10)

(219, 201, 9)
(194, 178, 8)
(194, 178, 8)
(219, 201, 9)
(219, 201, 9)
(219, 201, 9)
(219, 201, 9)

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.125

0.0976

0.0896

0.0899

0.0899

0.0896

0.0896

0.0896

0.0896

4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8

115

58
29
19
15
10

8
5
9
7

2
<2
18
13

4

3

NOTES:

1. n = code length, k = information symbols and t = symbol error correcting capability.

2. Design objective.

3.19 DMD15 Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC Operation)

The DMD15 Modem has an optional built-in provision for Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC).
AUPC attempts to maintain a constant E
especially useful when operating over a satellite at Ku-Band Frequencies in locations with high
rainfall periods.

Note: An Asynchronous or IBS Interface is required for AUPC. Also, IBS (Async Framing
Mode MUS T be selected to provide a channel for AUPC operation.

at the receive end of an SCPC link. This is

b/No

3-22 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

The IBS Async Framer Data Mode provides a service channel between the two sites of a link
permitting the modem processors to send messages and get responses over this channel. AUPC
can be set to operate on either or both directions of a link but always requires a bi-directional
channel. Therefore, both the Modulator and Demodulator interface mode must be set to IBS
Async for the AUPC menus to be visible and for the AUPC function to operate properly. The
AUPC Functions and their descriptions are shown on Table 3-2.

Table 3-2. AUPC Functions

Function Description

AUPC ENABLE/DISABLE Enables/Disables the AUPC to function locally

AUPC Eb/No Desired Eb/N0 of remote modem

AUPC MIN LVL Sets minimum output power to be used

AUPC MAX LVL Sets maximum output power to be used

AUPC DEF LVL Sets default output power to be used

Note: The AUPC menus are located under the Modulator Menu as shown in Section 4.

The basic AUPC Operation is described as follows:
Assume that the two modems, one at each end of the link, are set to AUPC operation. Only one

direction is discussed, but the same functions could be occurring in both directions
simultaneously. Modem “A” is transmitting to modem “B” under normal conditions and modem “B”
has a receive E

7.5 dB, and is currently outputting –15 dBm. Next, it begins raining at location “B”, and the E

of 7.5 dB. Modem “A” has been set to an AUPC Eb/No on the Front Panel of

b/No

b/No

drops to –7.0 then –6.8 dB. Modem “B” is constantly sending update messages to “A” and reports
the current E
raises it again when it sees further drops. As the rain increases in intensity, and the E

. When “A” sees the drop in Eb/No, it slowly begins to raise the output power, and

b/No

b/No

decreases again, “A” continues to increase its power level to compensate, and when the rain
diminishes and quits, it lowers its power level to compensate. The operation is therefore a
feedback control loop with the added complication of a significant time delay.

There are safeguards built into the AUPC System. First, the Modulator has two additional
parameters, which allow control of the Maximum and Minimum Power Output Levels. Second, a
default power level is specified which takes precedence over the output power level during signal
loss or loss of AUPC Channel Communication. The default power level should normally be set to
a high enough level to reestablish communication regardless of rain fade. The other controls are
built into the operating control software to limit response times and detect adverse operating
conditions.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-23

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.20 DMD15 Asynchronous Overhead Operation

3.20.1 Asynchronous Framing/Multiplexer Capability

The Asynchronous Framing/Multiplexer is capable of multiplexing a relatively low-speed overhead
channel onto the terrestrial data stream resulting in a slightly higher combined or aggregate data
rate through the modem. The overhead channel is recovered at the far end. This added channel
is termed variously “An Overhead Channel”, ”Service Channel”, “Async Channel” or in IESS
terminology an “ES to ES Data Channel.” The basic frame structure used by the multiplexer is
that specified in the IESS-309 Standard, resulting in a 16/15 Aggregate to Through-Data Ratio.

For Regular Async: (Standard IBS), the Baud Rate is approximately 1/2000

of the Data Rate listed in Table 3-3.

For Enhanced Async: (IBS Async.), the Baud Rate is selectable, but Data Rate

is limited.

The maximum Baud Rate is 19,200 bps for IBS Async. Two software-controlled modes are
designed into the card to best utilize the available bits; “Standard IBS” and “IBS (Async)”. The
characteristics of the Channel Interface is also determined by the standard or Async mode.

The Async Channel can be set under software-control to either RS-232 or RS-485 mode. The pin
assignments for both modes are shown in Table 3-3. The “RS-485” Setting controls the output
into tri-state when the modem is not transmitting data, allowing multiple modem outputs to be
connected together.

Table 3-3

Kbps Baud Rate Example for

Standard IBS

128 64 9.6 300
256 128 19.2 600
384 192 32 600
512 256 64 1200
640 320 128 2400
768 384 192 4800

896 448 256 4800
1024 512 320 9600
1152 576 384 9600
1280 640 448 9600
1408 704 512 9600
1536 768 576 9600
1664 832 640 19200
1792 896 704 19200
1920 960 768 19200

Kbps Baud Rate Example for

Enhanced Mode

1920 960 768 19200
2048 1024 832 19200

3-24 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

896 19200
960 19200
1024 19200
1088 19200
1152 19200
1216 19200
1280 19200
1344 19200
1408 19200
1472 19200
1536 19200
1600 19200
1664 19200
1728 19200
1792 19200
1856 19200
1920 19200
1984 19200
2048 19200

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-25

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

3.21 Standard IBS Mode

In the first or “Normal” mode, all bit assignments are per the IBS standard. The bits of Overhead
Housekeeping byte 32 are implemented as shown in Table 3-4 below:

Table 3-4.

Bit 1

ES to ES Data
Channel

This bit is routed directly to the ES to ES Data Channel.
Its data rate is 1/512

th

of the aggregate rate (or 1/480th of
the through terrestrial data rate), and is normally used to
super-sample an asynchronous data channel.

Bit 2
Bit 3

Frame Alignment Part of the Frame Alignment word.
Backward Alarm Transmit and Receive with main processor to activate

Main Alarm/LED.

Bit 4
Bits 5 and 6
Bits 7 and 8

Multiframe Message As per IBS.
Spare Not currently utilized.
Encryption Utilization Not currently utilized.

The ratio of the Through Terrestrial Data Channel Rate to the aggregate rate is 15/16. The
standard transmit and receive channels of the ES to ES Data Channel in Standard IBS Mode are
raw channels operating at the specific bit rate as controlled by the data channel rate, without
buffering. In addition, no clocks are provided with this channel. Since it would be rare that the
data rate provided was exactly that required for a standard rate device, the only method of
communicating using this channel is to allow it to super-sample the user data.

3.22 Asynchronous Multiplexer Mode

Since many of the frame bits in the standard IBS mode are not used, an “Enhanced” Multiplexer
Mode has been implemented that can be engaged under software control. Since this mode
changes the use of many of the framed non-data bits, this mode is only usable when the DMD15
is at both ends of a link. In this mode, the overhead signaling bytes 16 and 48 can be used to
implement a significantly higher speed ES to ES Data Channel under software control. When
implemented, this rate is 16 times that of the normal IBS standard, or 1/30
rate (1/32

nd

of the aggregate rate).

th

of the terrestrial data

Note: The IBS Async mode MUS T be selected for true Asynchronous channel operation to
be available.

3.23 ESC Backward Alarms

When running in IDR Mode and if the modem has the ESC Option, there will be four Backward
Alarms available for use by the earth stations at each end of the link (both ends must have the
ESC option). These alarms are accessed via the ESC ALARMS Port. The four alarms are
controlled by four relays, each having a normally open, normally closed, and a common
connection. The common connections of these relays (referred to as Backward Alarm Inputs) can
be connected to whichever system on the earth station that the user wishes to trigger the
backward alarm. When ground is applied to the Common (Input) Connection of one of these
relays, that relay and associated backward alarm will then be in a “no fault” state. When the
ground is removed, the relay and the associated Tx Backward Alarm will toggle to the faulted
state. When in the faulted state, the receive end of the link will receive that backward alarm that
is initiated at the transmit end of the link.

3-26 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

The user can connect whichever systems on the earth stations that they desire to these Backward
Alarms Relays as long as they will supply ground to the Backward Alarm Relay Input in the “no
fault” condition and the ground will be removed in the “faulted” condition.

For example: the user could connect the Demod Summary Fault of the modem to the Backward
Alarm 1 Input, so that if the demod went into Major Alarm (such as a Carrier Loss), Backward
Alarm 1 would be transmitted to the receive end of the link. At the receive end, it would show up
as Rx Backward 1 (Receive Backward Alarm 1).

3.23.1 To Disable the ESC Backward Alarms

If the ESC ALARMS Port will not be used and the Backward Alarm Indications are to be disabled,
connect the following pins of the ESC ALARMS Port:

Connect Pins 1, 10, 11, 22 and 23 (connect all together). Pin 1 is ground and Pins 10, 11, 22, and
23 are the inputs of Backward Alarms 1 through 4. By connecting these four pins to ground (Pin

1) the Backward Alarms will be disabled and indicate “PASS” for BK1 through BK4.

3.24 Reacquisition

Reacquisition on the DMD15/DMD15L is the ability to reacquire a lost signal from a far end
modulator that returns at some point. The DMD15/DMD15L allows the user to program the
amount of time (0.0 – 900.0 seconds) that the demodulator will wait for the signal to reappear
before searching the entire programmed sweep range for the signal. Additionally, the
DMD15/DMD15L allows the user to specify the range (± 0 – 32000 Hz) in which the demodulator
will perform the narrow signal search (see Figure 3-16). Configuration can be accomplished via
the standard user interfaces (front panel, dumb terminal, remote).

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-27

Operation DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Acquire Signal

Sweep Delay

OPCode

0x2A05

0.0 - 900.0 sec

No

No

Locked

Yes

Sweep

Delay != 0

Yes

Track current

frequency

Locked

No

normal sweep
acquire signal

No

Normal

operation

Timer

Expired

Yes

Go back to

limits to

Start Delay

Timer

Yes

Use

reacquisition

sweep limits to

acquire signal

Reacquisition

limits

OPCode

0x2A2F

0 - 32000 Hz

Figure 3-16. Reacquisition flow in the DMD15/DMD15L

3-28 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem Operation

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 3-29

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Section 4 – User Interfaces

4.0 User Interfaces

There are three user interfaces available for the DMD15/DMD15L. These are:

• Front Panel

• Remote Port

• Terminal

4.1 Front Panel User Interface

The Front Panel of the DMD15/DMD15L allows for complete control and monitor of all
DMD15/DMD15L parameters and functions via a keypad, LCD display and status LEDs.

The front panel layout is shown in Figure 4-1, showing the location and labeling of the front panel.
The front panel is divided into four functional areas: the LCD Front Panel Display, the Cursor
Control Arrow Keys, the Numeric Keypad, and the Front Panel LED Indicators, each described
below in Table 4-1.

Figure 4-1. DMD15/DMD15L Front Panel

Table 4-1.

Item Number Description Function

1 LCD Front Panel Display Displays DMD15/DMD15L Operating

parameters and Configuration data

2 Cursor Control Arrow Keys Controls the up, down, right and left motion

of the cursor in the LCD Display window

3 Numeric Keypad Allows entry of numeric data and Clear and

Enter function keys

4 Front Panel LED Indicators See Paragraph 4.1.2 below for an itemized

description of these LEDs

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-1

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Decrements

Decrements

4.1.1 LCD Front Panel Display

The front panel display is a 2 line by 16-character LCD display. The display is lighted and the
brightness can be set to increase when the front panel is currently in use. The LCD display
automatically dims after a period of inactivity. The display has two distinct areas showing current
information. The upper area shows the current parameter being monitored, such as ‘Frequency’
or ‘Data Rate’. The lower line shows the current value of that parameter. The LCD display is a
single entry window into the large matrix of parameters that can be monitored and set from the
Front Panel.

4.1.2 Cursor Control Arrow Keys

A set of ‘Arrow’ or ‘Cursor’ keys (↑), (↓), (→), (←), is used to navigate the parameter currently
being monitored or controlled. Table 4-2 describes the functions available at the Front Panel.

4.1.3 Numeric Keypad

A 10 Key Numeric Keypad with 2 additional keys for the ‘Enter’ and ‘Clear’ function allows the
entry of data into the system. Table 4-2 describes the functions available at the Front Panel.

Table 4-2.

Edit Mode Key Functions (Front Panel Only)

Parameter

Type

Fixed Point

Decimal

Unsigned

Hexadecimal

Enumerated

Date/ Time Changes Digit N/A N/A Moves

IP Address Changes Digit Increments

Text Strings Changes

0 – 9

Changes Digit Toggles ±

Changes Digit Increments

N/A Previous

Character

↑ ↓ ← →

(If Signed)

Digit Value

Value in

List

Digit Value

Increments

Character

Value

Toggles ±

(If Signed)

Digit Value

Next

Value in

List

Decrements

Digit Value

Character

Value

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Left

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Left
N/A N/A N/A N/A

Cursor 1

Position

Left

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Left

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Left

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Right

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Right

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Right

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Right

Moves

Cursor 1

Position

Right

‘Clear’ & ← ‘Clear’ &

→

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

Clears to

Left of

Cursor

Inclusive

Clears to

Right of

Cursor

Inclusive

4-2 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

4.1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators

Eight LEDs on the DMD15/DMD15L Front Panel (Refer to Table 4-3) indicate the status of
DMD15/DMD15L operation. The LED colors maintain a consistent meaning. Green signifies that
the indication is appropriate for normal operation, Yellow means that there is a condition not
proper for normal operation, and Red indicates a fault condition that will result in lost
communications.

Table 4-3.

LED Color Function

Modem LED Indicators

Power Green Indicates that the unit is turned on.

Fault Red Indicates a hardware fault for the unit.

Event Yellow Indicates that a condition or event has occurred that the

modem has stored in memory. The events may be viewed
from the Front Panel or in the Terminal Mode.

Remote Green Indicates that the unit is set to respond to the remote control

input.

Demodulator LED Indicators

Signal Lock Green Indicates that the receiver locked to an incoming carrier and

data, including FEC Sync.
Major Alarm Red Indicates that the Receive Direction has failed, losing traffic.
Minor Alarm Yellow Indicates that a Receive Warning Condition exists.

Test Mode Yellow Indicates that the receiver is involved in a current Test Mode

activity.

Modulator LED Indicators

Transmit ON Green Indicates that the transmitter is on.

Major Alarm Red Indicates that the terrestrial data and/or clock is not being

supplied to the unit.
Minor Alarm Yellow Indicates that a Transmit Warning Condition exists.

Test Mode Yellow Indicates that the transmitter is involved in a current Test

Mode activity.

4.2 Parameter Setup

The four Cursor Control Arrow Keys are used to navigate the menu tree and select the parameter
to be set. After arriving at a parameter that needs to be modified, depress <ENTER>. The first
space of the modifiable parameter highlights (blinks) and is ready for a new parameter to be
entered. After entering the new parameter using the keypad (Refer to Figure 4-2), depress
<ENTER> to lock in the new parameter. If a change needs to be made prior to pressing
<ENTER>, depress <CLEAR> and the display defaults back to the original parameter. Depress
<ENTER> again and re-enter the new parameters followed by <ENTER>.

Following a valid input, the DMD15/DMD15L will place the new setting into the nonvolatile
EEPROM making it available immediately and available the next time the unit is powered-up.’

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-3

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Figure 4-2. Entering New Parameter s

4.3 Front Panel Control Screen Menus

The DMD15/DMD15L Front Panel Control Screens are broken down into sections under several
Main Menus.

4.3.1 Main Menus

Modulator
Demodulator
Interface
Monitor
Alarms
System
Test

4.3.2 Modulator Menu Options and Parameters

{IDR, IBS, Closed Net, Drop & Insert}

Mode:

Used with IDR, or IBS Interface Only.
The Mode Command sets a number of parameters

within the modem to meet a set specification. The
purpose is to eliminate keystrokes and potential
compatibility problems.

Additionally, data rates not covered by the given mode of

operation will not be allowed. If the mode of operation is
selected after the data rate has been entered, then the
data rate must be compatible with the desired mode of
operation or the mode will not be allowed. The following
parameters are set for the given mode of operation and

4-4 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

cannot be changed while the unit is in the given mode of

operation:
IDR Mode:
(IESS-308)
For Data rates 1.544, 2.048, 6.312, 8.448 Mbps

Framing Type: 96 Kbps (IDR)
Scrambler Type: V.35
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

For Data Rates < 1.544
Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Scrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

IBS Mode:
(IESS-309)
For Data Rates <

2048
Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Scrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

Closed Net:
All possible combinations allowed. Activates the

AUPC Menu.
Drop & Insert:
Data Rates: n x 64 n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,

10,12, 15, 16, 20, 24, 30

Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Scrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-5

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Strap Code: {Refer to Strap Code Guide, Table 4-4}
The Strap Code is a quick set key that sets many

modem parameters. Consult the strap code guide for
available strap codes. Parameters set by strap code:

Data Rate
Code Rate
Mode
Frame Type
Scrambler Type
Spectrum Mask

Mod IF (menu):

Frequency: {50 – 90 MHz, 100 – 180 MHz, or 950 – 1750 MHz (L-

Band)}

Allows the user to enter the Modulator IF Frequency in 1

Hz increments.

Power: {+5 to –20 dBm} {-5 to –30 L-Band}

Allows the user to enter the Transmitter Power Level.

The DMD15 has a digital/analog crossover point at -7.4
to -7.5 dBm (-17.4 to -17.5 dBm L-Band) when the output
power level setting crosses this threshold, the modulator
may glitch and undershoot the output momentarily.

Carrier Ctrl: {On, Off}

The DMD15 transmitter will turn off the carrier output

automatically when the modem determines there is a
major alarm. This is done to prevent the carrier from
outputting an unknown spectrum and possibly disturbing
adjacent carriers. This automatic drop of the carrier can
be overridden by masking the alarm that is causing the
fault. This will keep the modulator output spectrum
transmitting, even when the fault occurs.

Spectrum Inv: {Normal, Inverted}

Allows the user to invert the direction of rotation for PSK

Modulation. Normal meets the IESS Specification.

Modulation: {QPSK, BPSK, OQPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM}

Allows the user to select the modulation type.

Spectrl Msk: {Intelsat}

Allows the user to set the spectral shape of Tx Data

Filter.

4-6 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Mod Data (menu):
Data Rate: {Refer to Technical Specs for Data Rates}

Allows the user to set the Data Rate in bps steps via the

Front Panel Arrows or Keypad.
Symbol Rate: Allows the user to view the Symbol Rate.
Conv Enc: {1/2 Rate VIT, 3/4 Rate VIT, 7/8 Rate VIT,

Optional encoders: 1/2 Rate SEQ, 3/4 Rate SEQ , 7/8

Rate SEQ , 2/3 Rate TRE (8PSK), Turbo (.793), Turbo

(.495), 3/4 Rate CSC}
Allows the user to select the Tx Code Rate and Type.

Diff Encode: {On, Off, EF Mode*}
Allows the user to enable or disable the Differential

Encoder. Having the encoder enabled ensures proper

phase lock.
*EF Mode is a special differential encoder mode that

allows compatibility with certain modems when

configured in QPSK modulation, and uncoded FEC.
Scrmbl Sel: {None, V.35-IESS, V.35 CITT, V.35 EF, IBS, CCITT,

V.35FC, OM73, V.35EF_RS, TPC SCRAMBLER(Turbo

Codec)}

Allows the user to select the scrambler type.
Scrmbl Ctrl: Allows the user to enable or disable scrambler operation.
Mod Framing: {1/15 (IBS), 1/15 (Async), 96 Kbps (IDR), None}

Used with IDR, IBS, or Asynchronous Interface Only.
Allows the user to select the framing type.

Data Invert: {Terr, Base, Terr & Base}
Allows the user to invert the Tx Data polarity.

Symbol Pair: {None, Swapped}
Allows the user to swap the I&Q Channels.
(BPSK Mode Only)

Reed-Solomon (menu):

These selections are visible only when the Reed-

Solomon Option is installed.
Enable/Disable {Enable, Disable}

Allows the user to Enable/Disable the Reed-Solomon

Encoder.
RS Codes {Refer to Appendix A for valid n/k values}

Displays the currently used n, k Reed-Solomon Codes.

In Closed Net Mode, the user may select custom RS

Codes.
RS Depth {4, 8}

Allows the user to select the Reed-Solomon interleaver

depth. In Closed Net Mode, a depth of 4 or 8 may be

selected.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-7

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

4.3.3 Demodulator Menu Options and Parameters

: {IDR, IBS, Closed Net, Drop & Insert}

Mode
Used with IDR, or IBS Interface Only.

The Mode Command sets a number of parameters

within the modem to meet a set specification. The

purpose is to eliminate keystrokes and potential

compatibility problems. Additionally, data rates not

covered by the given mode of operation will not be

allowed. If the mode of operation is selected after the

data rate has been entered, then the data rate must be

compatible with the desired mode of operation or the

mode will not be allowed. The following parameters are

set for the given mode of operation and cannot be

changed while the unit is in the given mode of operation:
IDR Mode:
(IESS-308)

For Data rates 1.544, 2.048, 6.312, 8.448 Mbps
Framing Type: 96 Kbps (IDR)
Descrambler type: V.35
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

For Data Rates < 1.544 Mbps
Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Descrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

IBS Mode:
(IESS-309)

For Data Rates <
Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Descrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat
Closed Net:
All possible combinations allowed

Drop & Insert:
Data Rates: n x 64, n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10,

Framing Type: 1/15 (IBS)
Descrambler Type: IESS-309
Spectrum Mask: Intelsat

Strap Code:

{Refer to Strap Code Guide, Section 4.3, Table 4-4}

The Strap Code is a quick set key that sets many

modem parameters. Consult the strap code guide for

available strap codes. Parameters set by strap code:

Data Rate

Code Rate

Mode

Frame Type

Scrambler Type

Spectrum Mask

2.048 Mbps

12, 15, 16, 20, 24, 30

4-8 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Demod IF (menu):

Frequency: {50 – 90 MHz, 100 – 180 MHz, or 950 – 1750 MHz (L-

Band)}

Allows the user to enter the Modulator IF Frequency in 1

Hz increments.

Spectrum Inv: {Normal, Inverted}
Allows the user to invert the direction of rotation for PSK

Modulation. Normal meets the IESS Specification.

Demodulation: {QPSK, BPSK, OQPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM}
Allows the user to select the demodulation type.

Spectrl Msk: {Intelsat}

Allows the user to set the spectral shape of Tx Data

Filter.

Swp Bound: {±0 – 32 kHz}
Allows the user to set the acquisition range for the

demodulator
Swp Delay: {0.0 – 900.0 sec}

Allows the user to set the reacquisition delay time in

th

1/10

second increments. (See section 3.24 for a
complete description of the DMD15/DMD15L
reacquisition.

ReAcq Sweep: {0 – 32000 Hz}

Allows the user to set the reacquisition sweep in 1 Hertz
increments. (See section 3.24 for a complete description
of the DMD15/DMD15L reacquisition.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-9

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Demod Data (menu):
Data Rate: {Refer to Technical Specs for Data Rates}

Allows the user to set the Data Rate in bps steps via the

Front Panel Arrows or Keypad.

Symbol Rate: Allows the user to view the Symbol Rate.
Conv Dec: {1/2 Rate VIT, 3/4 Rate VIT, 7/8 Rate VIT,

Optional encoders
1/2 Rate SEQ, 3/4 Rate SEQ , 7/8 Rate SEQ , 2/3 Rate

TRE (8PSK), Turbo (.793), Turbo (.495), 3/4 Rate
CSC}

Allows the user to select the Tx Code Rate and Type.
Diff Decode: {On, Off, EF Mode*}

Allows the user to enable or disable the Differential

Decoder. Having the decoder enabled ensures proper
phase lock.

*EF Mode is a special differential decoder mode that

allows compatibility with certain modems when
configured in QPSK modulation, and uncoded FEC.

Dscrmbl Sel: {None, V.35-IESS, V.35 CITT, V.35 EF, IBS, CCITT,

V.35FC, OM73, V.35EF_RS, TPC SCRAMBLER (Turbo
Codec)}

Allows the user to select the descrambler type.
Dscrmbl Ctrl {On, Off}

Allows the user to enable or disable the descrambler

operation.

Dmd Framing: {1/15 (IBS), 1/15 (Async), 96 Kbps (IDR), None}
Used with IDR, IBS, or Asynchronous Interface Only.
Allows the user to select the Framing Type.

Data Invert: {Terr, Base, Terr & Base}
Allows the user to invert the Rx Data polarity.

Symbol Pair: {None, Swapped}
Allows the user to swap the I&Q Channels.
(BPSK Mode Only)

4-10 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Reed-Solomon (menu): These selections are visible only when the Reed-

Solomon Option is installed.

Enable/Disable {Enable, Disable}
Allows the user to Enable/Disable the Reed-Solomon

Encoder.

RS Codes {Refer to Appendix A for valid n/k values}
Displays the currently used n, k Reed-Solomon Codes.

In Closed Net Mode, the user may select custom RS
Codes.

RS Depth {4, 8}
Allows the user to select the Reed-Solomon interleaver

depth. In Closed Net Mode, a depth of 4 or 8 may be
selected.

4.3.4 Interface Menu Options and Parameters

Tx Setup (menu):

Tx Ckt ID: Allows the user entry of a Tx Circuit Identifier. Circuits

Tx Type: {G.703, V.35, RS-232, RS-422}
Allows the user to select the Transmit Type.

Tx Clock: {SCTE (External), SCT (Internal), SCR, EXT CLK}
Allows the user to select the Transmit Clock Source.

Clk Polarity: {Auto, Normal, Inverted}
Allows the user to select the Clock Polarity for the Tx

SCT Source: {INTERNAL (SCT), SCR (Rx SAT CLK)}

Allows the user to select SCT Source to be either the

ESC CH#1 {+10 to -20}
Available only in IDR Mode at a valid IDR Rate. Controls

ESC CH#2 See above.

can be given up to an 11 Character alphanumeric identity
such as LINK1.

Terrestrial Clock relative to the Tx Data. “Auto” detects
wrong polarity and automatically corrects. If G.703
Interface is selected, this selection cannot be changed.

SCT Oscillator or RX Satellite Clock. Rx SAT CLK is
used for loop timing.

the volume of the ESC Channels.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-11

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Tx D&I (menu):
Drop Mode: {Enable, Disable}

Allows the user to enable or disable the following:

T1-D4, T1-ESF, PCM-30, PCM-30C, PCM-31,

PCM-31C, SLC-96, T1-D4-S, T1-ESF-S.

Map Copy: {Rx Edit, Tx Edit, Rx Acti, Tx Acti, ROM 1…ROM 8,

User 1…User 8}

Allows user to copy Drop and Insert maps. If the user

attempts an invalid copy, the error prompt “BAD
DESTINATION” will be displayed and the copy will not be
allowed. The Tx Active map is the drop map currently
being used by the modem. For a more detailed
description of this function, see Section 4.6.4.

SATCh TS: Allows the user to edit the Tx Edit Map to specify the

terrestrial slots that will be dropped into which satellite
channels. The Satellite Channels are fixed and the
number of channels are determined by the data rate.
The Terrestrial Timeslots available are determined by the
Drop Mode. When the user has finished editing the Tx
Edit map, it must be copied to the Tx Active map before
it can be used by the modem.

Time Mark: {Enable, Disable}
Allows the user to enable or disable the “Time Mark

Transfer” (TMT) Transmit Request External Input to
initialize the state machine that detects the proper states
of I and Q and inserts the TMT Pattern into the transmit
symbol stream. This feature is only available in BPSK,
QPSK, and OQPSK Modulations and requires specific
hardware and configuration at the factory.

TMT Length: {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16}
Allows the user to set the length of the pattern marker.

This feature is only available in BPSK, QPSK, and
OQPSK Modulations and requires specific hardware and
configuration at the factory.

Rx Setup (menu):
Rx Ckt ID: Provides entry of Rx Circuit Identifier. Circuits can be

given up to an 11 Character alphanumeric Identity such
as DLINK1

Rx Type: {G.703 (Balanced/Unbalanced), V.35, RS-232, RS-

422}

Allows the user to select the Receive Type.

Buff Size: {0-32 msecs}
Allows the user to set the Doppler Buffer Size in msec.

Buff Clk: {SCTE (External), SCT (Internal), Rx Sat, EXTCLK}

4-12 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Allows the user to select the buffer clock source. Must

set Buff size to zero to bypass.

Clk Polarity: {Normal, Inverted}
Allows the user to select the Buffer Clock Polarity for the

Tx Terrestrial Clock relative to the Tx Data. If G.703
Interface is selected, this selection cannot be changed.

Rx D&I (menu):

Insert Mode: {Enable, Disable}
Allows the user to enable or disable the following:

T1-D4, T1-ESF, PCM-30, PCM-30C, PCM-31, PCM-

31C, SLC-96, T1-D4-S, T1-ESF-S.

T1E1 Frm Src {Internal, External}
Selects frame source for T1 or E1 framing.

Map Copy: {Rx Edit, Tx Edit, Rx Acti, Tx Acti, ROM 1…ROM 8,

User 1…User 8}

Allows user to copy Drop and Insert maps. If the user

attempts an invalid copy, the error prompt “BAD
DESTINATION” will be displayed and the copy will not be
allowed. The Rx Active map is the drop map currently
being used by the modem. For a more detailed
description of this function, see Section 4.6.4.

SATCh TS:
Allows the user to edit the Tx Edit Map to specify the

terrestrial slots that will be dropped into which satellite
channels. The Satellite Channels are fixed and the
number of channels is determined by the data rate. The
Terrestrial Timeslots available are determined by the
Drop Mode. When the user has finished editing the Tx
Edit map, it must be copied to the Tx Active map before
it can be used by the modem.

TMT Length: {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16}
Allows the user to set the length of the pattern marker.

This feature is only available in BPSK, QPSK, and
OQPSK Modulations and requires specific hardware and
configuration at the factory.

General:
Freq Ref Src: {Internal, External, High Stability}

Allows the user to select the Frequency Reference

Source.

Async (menu):
ES Mode: {Normal, Enhanced (option)}

Allows user to choose between Normal and Enhanced

Async Mode if the enhanced option is available.

ES Interface: {RS-232, RS-485}
Allows user to select between RS-232 or -485

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-13

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

ES Baud: {150-19200}
Allows the user to select the baud rate in Enhanced

Async mode. Available rates are listed in Sect 3.20.1

ES Data Bits: {7,8}
Allows the user to choose between 7 or 8 bit data.

4.3.5 AUPC Menu Options and Parameters

Note: AUPC Menus are only available when the Modulator is in ‘Closed Net’ Mode and
Framing is ‘EFAUPC 1/15’.

Local AUPC (menu):

AUPC Enable: {Off, On}

Allows the user to enable or disable the Local AUPC

Nominal TX Power: {variable through power range}
Allows the user to set the nominal Transmit Power. The

Minimum TX Power: {variable through power range}
Allows the user to set the minimum Transmit Power.

Maximum TX Power: {variable through power range}
Allows the user to set the maximum Transmit Power.

Target Eb/No: {variable}
Allows the user to set the desired E

The 'LOCAL AUPC CONFIGURATION' Menu contains

the local configuration parameters for the AUPC
Function.

Function of the local modem. The Local AUPC Function
is the response to the commands for an increase or
decrease of the Transmit Power in 0.5 dB steps. The
command to change to the setting is indicated in the
'REMOTE CL ACTION' Menu upon receiver loss of lock
of the remote modem.

nominal Transmit Power is the setting that will be used
when the remote modem indicates that its receiver has
lost lock and commands a change to the setting
indicated in the 'REMOTE CL ACTION' Menu. That
change will only be implemented if the 'REMOTE CL
ACTION' Menu is set to “NOMINAL”.

The minimum Transmit Power is the lowest power
setting that will be used when the remote modem
commands a decrease of the Transmit Power.

The maximum Transmit Power is the highest power
setting that will be used when the remote modem
commands an increase of the Transmit Power. It is the
setting that will be used when the remote modem
indicates that its receiver has lost lock and commands a
change to the setting indicated in the 'REMOTE CL
ACTION’, Menu. That change will only be implemented
if the 'REMOTE CL ACTION' Menu is set to “MAXIMUM”.

for the local

b/No

receiver. This setting is compared against the receive

4-14 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Eb/No and commands to the remote modem to increase
or decrease Transmit Power accordingly are sent.

Tracking Rate: {0.5 to 6.0}
Allows the user to set the rate at which the commands to

increase or decrease Transmit Power are sent. Each
command will result in a 0.5-dB increase or decrease in
Transmit Power from the remote transmitter. The
tracking rate is adjustable from 0.5 dB per minute to 6.0
dB per minute in 0.5 dB steps. The resulting 'command
rate' is 1 command every minute to 1 command every
five seconds.

Local CL Action: {HOLD, NOMINAL, MAXIMUM}
Allows the user to set the Transmit Power Setting to be

used when the local modem receiver loses lock. The
setting can be 'HOLD' (no action taken), 'NOMINAL' (the
nominal Transmit Power Setting is used), and
'MAXIMUM' (the maximum Transmit Power Setting is
used).

Remote CL Action: {HOLD, NOMINAL, MAXIMUM}
Allows the user to set the Transmit Power Setting to be

used when the remote modem receiver loses lock. The
setting can be 'HOLD' (no action taken), 'NOMINAL' (the
nominal Transmit Power Setting is used), and
'MAXIMUM' (the maximum Transmit Power Setting is
used).

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-15

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Remote AUPC (menu): The 'REMOTE AUPC CONFIGURATION' menu contains

the remote configuration parameters for the AUPC
Function.

AUPC Enable: {OFF, ON}

Allows the user to enable or disable the AUPC Function

of the remote modem. The remote AUPC Function is
the response of the local modem to commands for an
increase or decrease of the Transmit Power in 0.5 dB
steps and the command to change to the setting
indicated in the 'REMOTE CL ACTION' menu of the
remote modem upon receiver loss of lock.

Loopback:
Allows the user to enable or disable the Baseband

Loopback Test Mode of the remote modem.

TX 2047 Pattern:
Allows the user to enable or disable the Transmit 2047

Pattern Test Mode of the remote modem.

Remote AUPC Monitor:

The ‘REMOTE AUPC MONITOR’ Menu contains the

remote monitor status for the AUPC Function.

Remote 2047 BER: Reports the BER measurement of the receiver 2047

Pattern Test Mode of the remote modem. BER is
reported from the 1x10

-5

to 1x10-7 in tenth decade steps.
If the pattern does not synchronize or is out of range,
‘NO DATA’ will be displayed.

4.3.6 Monitor Menu Options and Parameters

Level: Displays the estimated receive signal level as seen by

the Demodulator.

Eb/No: Displays the estimated E

demodulator.

SER: Displays the estimated channel error rate (before

decoding) measured by the modem.

CBER: Displays the estimated corrected bit error rate (after

decoding).

Error Count: Displays the current error count from the Viterbi

Decoder.

Offset Freq: Displays the received carrier frequency offset as

measured by the modem.

as seen by the

b/No

4-16 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Event Buff: Displays a history of events recorded in the event buffer.

A maximum of 40 events may be stored in the buffer.
Upon receipt of the 41

st

event, the first received event is
automatically deleted, and so on, maintaining the
maximum 40 events.

Press Clr to Erase Events: Clears the contents of the Event Buffer.
Voltages (menu):

+5 Volt: Displays the measured voltage of the +5 Volt power bus

located inside the modem.

+12 Volt: Displays the measured voltage of the +12 Volt power bus

located inside the modem.

-12 Volt: Displays the measured voltage of the -12 Volt power bus
located inside the modem.

Buffer: Displays the status of the Doppler Buffer from 0 to 100%.
Press Clr to Center Buffer: Causes Doppler Buffer to re-center.
BER Exponent: {6 - 9}

Allows the user to set the time base for the Channel

Error Rate Measurement, used to estimate E

b/No

.

4.3.7 Alarms Menu Options and Parameters

Active Alrms (menu):

Masking alarms may cause undesirable modem performance.

Major Tx (menu):

Status Edit Table

TxuProc Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates a Hardware Transmit or DSP Failure within the

modem.

(Yes = Masked, No = Unmasked)
TxPower Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates that the Modem Tx Output Power is within

allowed tolerance. A solid indication indicates a
hardware or programming failure within the modem.

TxOSClk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the TX Oversample Clock PLL is not

locked. This alarm will flash on during certain modem

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-17

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

parameter changes. A solid indication indicates a
hardware or programming failure within the modem.

CompClk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that Tx Composite Clock PLL is not locked.

This alarm will flash on during certain modem parameter
changes. A solid indication indicates a problem with the
incoming clock to the modem (SCTE).

TxSynth Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Tx IF Synthesizer is not locked. This

alarm will flash on during certain modem parameter
changes. A solid indication indicates a hardware or
programming failure within the modem.

Major Rx (menu):
RxuProc Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates a hardware failure within the modem.
SigLoss Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates that the demod is unable to lock to a signal.
MfrSync Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates that the Framing Unit is unable to find the

expected framing pattern.

FrmSync Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Framing Unit is unable to find the

expected framing pattern.

IF Syn Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates the Rx IF Synthesizer is not locked. This alarm

will flash ON during certain modem parameter changes.
A solid indication indicates a hardware or programming
failure within the modem.

Rx Ovrsmp Lk: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the RX Oversample Clock PLL is not

locked. This alarm will flash on during certain modem
parameter changes. A solid indication indicates a
hardware or programming failure within the modem.

Buf Clk Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Buffer Clock PLL is not locked. This

alarm will flash ON during certain modem parameter
changes. A solid indication indicates a problem with the
Receive Buffer Clock.

Minor Tx (menu):
Tx Activity (menu):

4-18 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

TerrClk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates no Terrestrial Clock activity.

IntClk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates no SCT Clock activity.

TxSatCk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates no Tx Sat Clock activity.

Tx Data Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates no Tx Data activity.

TerrAIS Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that AIS has been detected in the Tx Data

Stream.

Drop Alarms (menu):
Frm Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates if drop/insert data is frame locked.
Multiframe Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates if drop/insert data has multiframe lock.
CRC Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates if the Circular Redundancy Check is passing in

PCM30C and PCM31C Mode.

RS FIFO

: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates status of the Tx Reed-Solomon FIFO.
FllBack

: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates Tx clock fallback.
Minor Rx (menu):

BufUFLw Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that a Doppler Buffer underflow has occurred.

BufOFLw Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that a Doppler Buffer overflow has occurred.

Buf <10% Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Doppler Buffer is about to underflow.

Buf >90% Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Doppler Buffer is about to overflow.

Viterbi Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Viterbi Decoder is not locked.

Eb/No Mask: {Pass/Fail, No, Yes}

Indicates that the calculated Eb/No of the incoming

signal has fallen below the programmed threshold value.

Rx Activity (menu):

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-19

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Buf Clk Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the selected buffer clock source is not

active.

Rx Sat Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Rx Sat buffer clock source is not

active.

Insert Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the Insert buffer clock source is not active.

RX Data Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

SatAIS Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Insert Alarms (menu):
Frm Lock Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Multiframe Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
CRC Lock Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
T1 Signaling: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Rx RS Faults (menu):
Dec Lock Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates status of the Reed-Solomon Decoder Lock
Dintlvr Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates status of the Reed-Solomon de-interleaver

word fault

UnCWord Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates status of the Reed-Solomon uncoded word

fault.

IBS BER Mask

: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates that more than 1 bit in 1000 is in error in IBS

Mode.

RxLvl Mask:

{Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates if Rx level is below allowable limits.
Fllback Mask

: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates Rx Clock fallback.
Common (menu):

-12 Power: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates power supply voltage out of range.

4-20 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

+12 Power: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates power supply voltage out of range.

+5 Power: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates power supply voltage out of range.
Battery: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates that internal clock battery is low.
RAM/ROM: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates M&C memory fault.
M&C uProc: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates M&C Microprocessor hardware failure.
UIO Present: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates absence of Universal Input/Output Module

(UIM) Hardware

IF Present: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates absence of IF hardware detect.

Ext Ref Lock: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the External Reference PLL is not locked.

Ext EXC Act: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates that the External Clock is not active.

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-21

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Ext Ref Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}
Indicates no activity on the External Reference.

HiStab Mask: {Pass/Fail, No/Yes}

Indicates if High Stability Oscillator is active.
Latched Alrm (menu):

The following alarms are latched in order to catch

intermittent failures:

Note: Refer to Section 4.2.7, “Active Alrms (menu)” for an explanation of these Menu
Options and Parameters.

Major Tx (menu):
TxuProc:
TxPower:
TxOSClk:
CompClk:
TxSynth:

Major Rx (menu):
RxuProc:

SigLoss:
MfrSync:
FrmSync:
IBS BER:
RxIFSynLock:
RxOSPLLLock:
Buf Clk Lock:
Minor Tx (menu):

There are currently no Latched Minor Tx alarms.

4-22 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Minor Rx (menu):

RxBuf Alarms (menu):
BufUFlw:

BufOFLw:
Buf<10%:
Buf>90%:
Rx Activity (menu):
RxSat:
RxData:
SatAIS:
InsClk:
Common (menu):

-12 Power:

+12 Power:
+5 Power:
Battery:
RAM/ROM:
M&C uProc:
Ext Ref Lock:
Backward Alr (menu):

Backward alarms are alarms that are fed back to or

received from the other end of the satellite link. In IBS
Mode (including Drop & Insert), Backward Alarm 1 is the
only one used. It would be received if the distant end
demod drops lock.

Backward 1: {Rcv = yes/no, Force = yes/no}
Backward 2: {Rcv = yes/no, Force = yes/no}
Backward 3: {Rcv = yes/no, Force = yes/no}
Backward 4: {Rcv = yes/no, Force = yes/no}
DIYellow: {Force = yes/no}
MapSummaryTo (menu):

Backward 1: {Xmt = no/yes}

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-23

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Backward 2: {Xmt = no/yes}
Backward 3: {Xmt = no/yes}
Backward 4: {Xmt = no/yes}

Clear Alarms

: Allows the user to reset the latched alarms.

4.3.8 System Menu Options and Parameters

Control Mode
Allows the user to select the active control source.

Config Copy
General (menu):
Date: {YY MM DD}

Allows the user to enter the current date.
Time: {HH:MM:SS}

Allows the user to enter the current time.

Backlight (menu):
Level: {High, Low}

Allows the user to enter the backlight intensity level.
Timeout: {00 - 99}

Allows the user to enter the length of time (in seconds) of

Key Click

Allows the user to enable or disable the audible click

Eb/No Alarm Thrsh {0.0 – 9.9 dB}

The EB/No Threshold is a value set by the user to allow

Radyne DMD15 Version X.X:

: {Front Panel, Terminal, Computer}

Allows settings in Config 1-5 or current settings to be

copied into another config slot.

keyboard inactivity before the backlight shuts off. 00 =
no timeout.

: {On, Off}

heard each time a key is pressed.

the modem to alert thr user, via a demodulator minor
alarm, that the Eb/No calculated by the demodulator has
reached or exceeded the programmed limit. The modem
default value is 0.0 dB.

Modem Version

4-24 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Firmware Rev (menu):
Interface (menu):
UIO Code:

UIO Xilinx:
M&C:
Term Baud: {Same as remote baud listed below}

Displays the Terminal Port Baud Rate.
Emulation: {VT100, ADDS-VP, WYSE 50}

Allows the user to select the Terminal Emulation Mode

for the Terminal Port.

Remote Addr: {32 - 255}
Allows the user to enter the Remote Port Multidrop

Address.

Remote Baud: {150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38,400}
Allows the user to enter the Remote Port Baud Rate.

4.3.9 Test Menu Options and Parameters

2047 Test: {None, Tx, Rx, Tx/Rx}
Allows the user to enable or disable the 2047 Pattern

Test. “Tx” enables the transmit pattern generator. “Rx”
enables the receive pattern checker. “Tx/Rx” enables
both.

Insert Errors: {0000 - 9999}
Allows the user to select the number of errors to insert.

Once the number of errors to insert has been selected,
pressing ‘Enter’ twice causes the number of errors
shown to be inserted in the data stream.

2047 Errors: {No Sync, nnnn}
Displays the number of errors detected by the 2047

Pattern checker.

2047 BER: {No Sync, nnnn x 10
Displays the measured BER for the 2047 Pattern.

Clear 2047: {Ent = Y, Clr = N}
Restarts 2047 BER Test.

-9

}

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-25

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Loopbacks: Terrestrial Loopback is performed at the Terrestrial

Interface

IF: IF loopback loops the IF output of the Modulator to the IF

input of the Demodulator. If using 8PSK or 16QAM
modulation the output power must be above –15 dB.

Tx Terr: Sends Tx Terrestrial Data to Rx data out.
Rx Terr: (Distant Loop) Sends received satellite data to the

Modulator for transmission to the distant end.

Tx/Rx Terr: Enables both. Baseband loopback is performed at

interface between the Baseband Processor Card and the
Modem Card. This ensures Framer/Deframer integrity.

Tx BB: Sends Tx data to the receive input to the BB Card.
Rx BB: Sends Rx data from the Modem Card to the Tx data

input to the Modem Card.

Tx/RX BB: Enables both.

Carrier:
CW: Causes the Modulator to output a pure carrier.

Dual: Causes a double sideband output.
Offset: Causes a single sideband output.
Normal: Causes the Modulator to output normal modulation.
Pos Fir: For manufacturer’s use only.

Neg Fir: For manufacturer’s use only.

4.4 DMD15/DMD15L Strap Codes

The Strap Code is a quick set key that sets many of the modem parameters. For quick setup of
the DMD15/DMD15L, Strap Codes are very helpful. When a Strap Code is entered, the modem is
automatically configured for the code’s corresponding data rate, overhead, code rate, framing,
scrambler type and modulation. An example of how to set a strap code follows:

Example: At the Front Panel <Modulator> Menu, depress ‘↓’, then move ‘→’ to the ‘Strap Code’
Submenu and enter #16. The DMD15/DMD15L will be automatically configured to the parameters
shown below in the highlighted row ‘Strap Code 16’.

4-26 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Code

Drop and

Use the following Strap Code Guide for available strap codes.

Table 4-4. DMD15/DMD15L Strap Codes

Strap
Code

(DEC)

Data
Rate

(Kbps)

Overhead

Framing Scrambler

Rate

Insert

Reed-

Solomo

n

1 64 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
2 128 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
3 256 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
5 384 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
6 512 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
9 768 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
4 1536 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

10 1920 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

8 2048 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
12 2048 1* 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
16 1544 96K 3/4 IDR V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
32 2048 96K 3/4 IDR V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
64 6312 96K 3/4 IDR V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

128 8448 96K 3/4 IDR V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

Modulation

QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK

QPSK
24 56 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
33 56 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
34 64 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
36 64 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
40 128 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
48 128 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
65 256 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
66 256 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
68 320 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
72 320 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
80 384 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
96 384 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

129 512 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
130 512 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
132 768 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
136 768 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
144 896 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-27

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

44 896 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

7 1344 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
11 1344 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
13 1536 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
14 1536 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
19 1544 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
21 1544 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
22 1920 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
25 1920 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
26 2048 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
28 2048 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
37 2368 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
38 2368 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
41 48 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

160 1544 3072/

1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

2895

52 1920 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK

QPSK
69 6312 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
70 8448 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
73 3152 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
74 3152 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
76 3264 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
81 3264 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
88 512 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
97 1024 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
98 1024 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

112 64 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
131 128 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
133 256 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
134 192 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
137 192 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
138 320 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
140 320 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
145 384 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

100 448 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
146 448 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

4-28 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

QPSK

QPSK

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

104 576 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
148 576 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
152 640 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
161 640 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
162 704 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
164 704 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
168 768 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
193 832 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
194 832 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
196 896 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
208 896 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
224 960 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

15 960 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
23 1024 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
27 1024 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
29 1536 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
30 1088 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK
39 1088 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
43 1152 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
46 1152 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
51 1216 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
53 1216 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
54 1280 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
57 1280 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
58 1344 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
67 1408 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
71 1408 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
75 1472 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
77 1472 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
78 1600 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
83 1600 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
85 1664 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
86 1664 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
89 1728 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK
90 1728 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
92 1792 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-29

QPSK

QPSK

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

99 1792 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

101 2048 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
102 1856 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
105 1856 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
106 2048 1* 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
120 1544 3072/2095 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
135 1984 16/15 1/2 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE
139 1984 16/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

45 3088 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

141 3088 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
176 4000 1 1/2 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE
116 4000 1 3/4 CNT V.35 (IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

60 1344 1/15 3/4 IBS IBS DISABLE DISABLE

200 128 NONE 1/2 CNT V.35(IESS) DISABLE DISABLE

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

4.5 Sample DMD15/DMD15L Applications

The following section provides brief application notes for operating the DMD15/DMD15L and
explains by example how to configure the DMD15/DMD15L for some of the most popular
configurations.

The following information illustrates the allowable combinations for Mode and Data Rate for the
DMD15/DMD15L.

Allowable Combinations: Mode/Rate/Framing.

4-30 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

IDR:

8.448 Mbps - 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

6.312 Mbps - 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

2.048 Mbps - 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

1.544 Mbps or Below - 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

IBS:

2.048 Mbps or below - 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate

Closed Network:

8.448 -96 Kb Framing or No Framing, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

6.312 -96 Kb Framing or No Framing, 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

2.048 -96 Kb Framing or 1/15 Framing or No Framing, 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

1.544 -96 Kb Framing or 1/15 Framing or No Framing, 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC
Any Rate 2.048 & lower - 1/15 Framing or No Framing, 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rate FEC

4.5.1 Operational Case Examples

Note: For best results always begin setup by setting the data rate to 512 Kbps. This data
rate is applicable for all modes and as such provides a convenient launch point for setting
up the modem. Any mode of operation can be entered from this starting point.

Case 1: IDR 8.448 Mbps, 3/4 Rate Viterbi

Starting with the Data Rate = 512 Kbps

Modulator:
Method 1 -

Set data rate for 8448000
Under Interface Menu:

Set Tx clock selection
Turn IF ON

Method 2 -
Set Mod strap code to: 128

Set Tx clock selection

Set mode to IDR

Under Mod Data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT

Set Interface type

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level

Under Interface Menu:
Set Interface type

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level

Turn IF on

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-31

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Demodulator:
Method 1 -

Set mode to IDR

Under Demod IF menu: Set desired Rx frequency

Under Demod data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT
Set data rate for 8448000
Under Interface menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size
Method 2 -
Set Demod strap code to 128
Under Demod IF menu, set desired Rx frequency

Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size

Case 2: IBS 1.544 Mbps, 3/4 Rate Viterbi

Starting with the Data Rate – 512 Kbps

Modulator:
Method 1 - Set Framing to 1/15

Set mode to IBS
Under Mod Data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT
Set data rate for 1544000
Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type
Set Tx clock selection

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level
Turn IF ON
Method 2 -
Set Mod strap code to: 120

Under Interface Menu:
Set Interface type

Set Tx clock selection

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level

Turn IF on

Demodulator:
Method 1 - Set Framing to 1/15:

Set mode to IBS:

Under Demod IF menu: Set desired Rx frequency

Under Demod data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT
Set data rate for 1544000
Under Interface menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size

Method 2 -

4-32 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Set Demod strap code to: 120
Under Demod IF menu: Set desired Rx frequency

Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size

Case 3: Closed Network, 3/4 Rate Viterbi, IBS Overhead

Starting with the Data Rate = 512 Kbps

Modulator:
Method 1 -

Set mode to IDR:

Under Mod Data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT
Set Framing for 1/15
Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type
Set Tx clock selection

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level

Turn IF ON
Method 2 -

Set Mod strap code to: 101
Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type

Set Tx clock selection

Under Mod IF menu: Set desired Tx frequency and power level

Turn IF on

Demodulator:
Method 1 -

Set mode to: Closed Net

Under Demod IF menu: Set desired Rx frequency

Under Demod data menu:

Set code rate to 3/4 VIT
Set Framing for 1/15

Under Interface menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size
Method 2 -
Set Demod strap code to: 101
Under Demod IF menu: Set desired Rx frequency

Under Interface Menu:

Set Interface type
Set Buff clock selection
Set Buffer Size

Case 4: Loop Timing Example
Method 1 -

Set mode to IBS

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-33

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Under Interface menu:
Under Tx Setup menu:
Set INTF to RS-422
Set SCT Source to SCR
Set Tx Clock to SCTE
Method 2 -
Set mode to Closed Net
Under Interface menu:
Under Tx Setup menu:
Set INTF to RS-422
Set SCT Source to SCR
Set Tx Clock to SCTE

4.6 Configuring the DMD15/DMD15L for Drop and Insert

Several dependencies exist when configuring the modem for Drop and Insert (D&I). The following
paragraphs explain these dependencies and provide the user with the information required to
ensure smooth transition into D&I and to minimize the potential impact of these dependencies.

4.6.1 Data Rate

Data Rate affects the Drop and Insert function in the following ways:

It determines the number of Satellite Channels that will be displayed in the Edit Maps.
It contributes to the Operational Mode selection process. Trying to change the

Operational Mode to D&I when a data rate is not set to a valid D&I rate will result in the
error message ‘INVALID DATA RATE,’ and the mode change will not be allowed.

It contributes to the Terrestrial Framing Mode selection process. Trying to select a T1­type Drop Mode such as T1-ESF with the mod data rate set to 1920000 bps (a valid E1
D&I rate but not a valid T1 rate) will result in the error message ‘INVALID DROP MODE’
and the selection will not be allowed. Trying to select a T1 type Insert Mode such as T1­D4 with the demod data rate set to 1920000 bps will result in the error message INVALID
INSERT MODE and the selection will not be allowed.

Once D&I Mode has been selected, trying to change the data rate to something other
than another valid D&I data rate will result in the error message ‘RATE OUT OF
BOUNDS’ and the change will not be allowed.

Once D&I Mode has been selected with a T1 Terrestrial Framing Mode, attempting to
change the data rate to 1920000 will result in the error message ‘RATE OUT OF
BOUNDS’ and the change will not be allowed.

Therefore, the data rate should be entered as the first step in configuring the modem for D&I. The
Mod Data Rate should be set according to the number of timeslots to be dropped and the Demod
Data Rate should be set according to the number of timeslots to be inserted. The following table
gives the allowable D&I data rates based on the number of slots (n) to be dropped or inserted.

n = 1, data rate = 64000
n = 2, data rate = 128000
n = 3, data rate = 192000
n = 4, data rate = 256000
n = 5, data rate = 320000
n = 6, data rate = 384000
n = 8, data rate = 512000
n = 10, data rate = 640000
n = 12, data rate = 768000

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DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

n = 15, data rate = 960000
n = 16, data rate = 1024000
n = 20, data rate = 1280000
n = 24, data rate = 1536000
n = 30, data rate = 1920000 (valid with E1 Interface only)

4.6.2 Operational Mode

The Operational Mode of the Modem often determines which additional menus and displays are
available for use by the operator. The D&I Mode-specific menus will not be displayed unless the
Operational Mode of the modem is set to D&I. Therefore, the second step in configuring the
modem should be to set the Operational Mode to D&I. At this point, the D&I specific menus in the
Interface section will become available and will remain available until the Operational Mode of the
modem is changed to something other than D&I. When the Operational Mode is changed to
something other than D&I, the D&I specific menus will automatically disappear.

4.6.3 Terrestrial Framing - Drop Mode/Insert Mode

The Drop Mode Selection and the Insert Mode Selection identify the Terrestrial Data-Framing
Format. As previously mentioned, their selection is influenced by the Modulator and Demodulator
Data Rates, and trying to select a T1 Type Framing Format with a data rate of 1920000 bps will
result in an error message. In turn, the selection of the terrestrial framing formats influences the
satellite channel to terrestrial timeslot mappings in the following manner:

The selection of T1-D4, T1-ESF, or SLC-96 type terrestrial framing format limits the

terrestrial timeslots to values from 1-24.

The selection of PCM-30 or PCM-30C type terrestrial framing limits the terrestrial

timeslots to values from 1-15, 17-31. In these modes, terrestrial timeslot 16 is reserved

for ABCD signaling and may not be dropped or inserted.

The selection of PCM-31 or PCM-31C type terrestrial framing limits the terrestrial

timeslots to values from 1-31. Therefore, the terrestrial framing format should be

identified via the Drop Mode and Insert Mode entries prior to editing the Drop or Insert

satellite channel to terrestrial timeslot maps.

4.6.3.1 Insert Terrestrial Frame Source

The Insert Terrestrial Frame Source selection tells the Modem from where the Insert Terrestrial
Frame is coming.

External: Indicates that the terrestrial frame is to be input via the Insert Data In Port.
Internal: Indicates that the modem needs to generate the terrestrial frame and that all non-

inserted timeslots need to be filled with the appropriate idle code based upon the
terrestrial framing (T1 or E1).

The selection of the Insert Terrestrial Frame Source also influences the Buffer Clock selection in
the following manner:

When the Insert Terrestrial Frame Source selection is set to External, the received satellite data
will be clocked out of the Doppler Buffer based upon the clock recovered from the insert data
input. Therefore, the Buffer Clock selection will automatically be set to External and cannot be

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User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

modified. Attempts to select a different buffer clock will result in the error message INVALID
BUFFER CLOCK and the selection will not be allowed.

When the Insert Terrestrial Frame Source selection is set to Internal, the operator needs to
specify how data should be clocked out of the Doppler Buffer. In this case, the operator will be
able to select SCTE, SCT, RX SAT, or EXT EXC as the source for the Buffer Clock. Therefore,
the Insert Terrestrial Frame Source selection should be made prior to attempting to change the
Buffer Clock. In most instances, the Insert Terrestrial Frame Source selection will be set to
External and the Buffer Clock will automatically be set to External.

4.6.4 D&I Sample Configurations and D&I Clock Setup Options

The following are several examples of how to configure the modem for D&I. Also, refer to Figures
3-14 through 3-17 for the D&I Clocking Setup Options Available.

Example 1: Drop 512 Kbps from a T1 trunk, 3/4 rate Viterbi
Insert 512 Kbps into a T1 trunk, 3/4 rate Viterbi

Drop 512 Kbps from a T1 trunk, 3/4 rate Viterbi

Under Modulator:
Under Mod Data:
Set Data Rate = 512000
Set Conv Enc = VIT 3/4

Under Modulator:
Set Mode = Drop & Insert

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DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Under Interface:
Under TX Setup:

Set Tx Type according to your hardware configuration (example:

G703BT1B8ZS)
Set Tx Clock = SCTE
Under Tx D&I:
Set Drop Mode = T1-D4
Use SATCh TS edit capability to define desired mapping of
Satellite Channels to drop Terrestrial Slots
Use Map Copy to copy Tx Edit to Tx Active

Under Modulator:
Under Mod IF:
Set Frequency to desired value
Turn IF Output Power On

Under Demodulator:
Under Demod Data:
Set Data Rate = 512000
Set Conv Enc = VIT 3/4

Under Demodulator:
Set Mode = Drop & Insert

Under Interface:
Under RX Setup:
Set Rx Type according to your hardware configuration
Set Buff Size to desired depth
Under Rx D&I:
Set Insert Mode = T1-D4
Set T1 E1 Frm Src = External
Use SATCh TS edit capability to define proper mapping of
Satellite Channels to insert Terrestrial Slots
Use Map Copy to copy Rx Edit to Rx Active
Under Demodulator:
Under Demod IF:
Set Frequency to desired value

Example 2: Multidestinational Remote Site Programming
Drop 512 Kbps from a T1 trunk, 3/4 rate Viterbi.
Extract 512 Kbps from a 1536 Kbps carrier and insert into a
T1 trunk, 3/4 rate Viterbi.

Drop 512 Kbps from a T1 trunk, 3/4 Rate Viterbi

Configuration setup is exactly as previously shown in Example 1.

Extract 512 Kbps from a 1536 Kbps carrier and insert into a T1 trunk, 3/4 Rate
Viterbi

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User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

Under Demodulator:
Under Demod Data:
Set Data Rate = 1536000
Set Conv Enc = VIT 3/4

Under Demodulator:
Set Mode = Drop & Insert

Under Interface:
Under RX Setup:
Set Rx Type according to your hardware configuration
Set Buff Size to desired depth
Under Rx D&I:
Set Insert Mode = T1-D4
Set T1 E1 Frm Src = External

Use SATCh TS edit capability to define proper mapping of Satellite

Channels to insert Terrestrial Slots

For Satellite Channels that are not to be inserted, enter “NI” (No Insert)

for the Terrestrial Slot

Use Map Copy to copy Rx Edit to Rx Active
Under Demodulator:

Under Demod IF:
Set Frequency to desired value.

Figures 4-3 through 4-6 illustrate D&I Clock Setup Options

Figure 4-3. Transmit Trunk and Receive Trunk

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DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

Figure 4-4. Single Trunk

Figure 4-5. Rx Only With Trunk

Figure 4-6. Rx Only No Trunk

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User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

4.7 D&I Maps and Map Editing

The Drop and Insert multiplexer is programmed by loading it with a transmit and receive map.
Maps always contain 30 entries, although, only the first “n” entries are relevant (see Table 4-5).

The DMD15/DMD15L includes provisions to copy, change, and store the D&I transmit and receive
maps directly from the Front Panel or via the remote M&C link. These maps are tables that are
used to define and configure the D&I functions. Each map contains up to 30 entries, which are
enough to define the channel assignments for a T1 (24 channel) or E1 (30 channel) frame
structure. Maps that are created are stored in non-volatile battery backed-up memory within the
modem and remain unchanged after a power-down.

Table 4-5. D&I Multiplexer Map

Locations Used

Data Rate

(Kbps)

Map Locations

Used (n =

1,2,4,8,16,24,30)

64 1
128 1-2
256 1-4
384 1-6
512 1-8
768 1-12

1024 1-16
1536 1-24
1920 1-30

It is important to understand that each map contains up to 30 usable entries. In many cases a
smaller number of entries will be relevant, except when the data rate is 1920 Kbps, in which case
30 entries will used by the multiplexer. To determine the number of relevant entries, divide the
data rate by 64 Kbps.

For example:
At 384 Kbps, 384/64 = 6 entries.
So in this case only the first six entries of the map would be relevant.
The Modem is equipped with eight permanently stored default maps, which are designated

ROM 1 through ROM 8. The user may also define, modify, and save an additional eight maps
which are designated USER 1 through USER 8. Note that the ROM maps are read-only and may
not be modified (refer to Table 4-6).

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Table 4-6. D&I ROM Maps

T1/E1 Time Slot

ROM Map

# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2
4 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6
6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Since the D&I Functions are separate and distinct, two separate maps must be configured at the
start of the D&I Multiplexer Operation. These are the Tx (transmit) Active Map for Drop Mapping
and the Rx (receive) Active Map for Insert Mapping. The number of entries in each map is
determined by the data rates selected. Each map entry consists of an IBS Time Slot assignment
and the Terrestrial (T1 or E1) Channel Number it is assigned to. Drop Mapping and Insert
Mapping are completely separate and independent.

The map that is actually used for the Drop Function is the Tx Active Map; the map that is actually
used for the Insert function is the Rx Active Map. Two additional maps exist: the Tx Edit Map and
the Rx Edit Map. The Edit Maps are the buffer areas that are used when creating or modifying a
map through the modem’s LCD; when editing is complete, the appropriate map should be copied
to the Active Map.

Any map may be copied to any other map with the exception of the ROM maps. These maps may
only be the source of the data used to create a User, Edit, or Active Map.

Maps can be created in the map editor and stored as “User Maps”. New “Active Maps” can be
downloaded during Modem Operation but this will result in a temporary disruption of service on
the terrestrial line or the Satellite transmission.

The following paragraphs give examples of typical configurations that could use the ROM Maps
as templates. The ROM Map used would have to be first copied to the appropriate Active
Transmit (Drop) and/or Active Receive (Insert) Map(s) before it could be used. To use a
modification of a ROM Map, the ROM Map must first be copied to the appropriate Edit Map, then
modified, and then copied to the appropriate Active Map.

Note: The mapping of channels to time slots is arbitrary; it is not necessary to map CH1 to
TS1, CH2 to TS2, etc. The channel to the time slot mapping may be in any order within the
constraints of the number of available channels.

For example, ROM Map 1 could be used as the template for as Active Transmit (Drop) Map for a
modulator configured for 64 Kbps operation. Only the first time slot of the T1 or E1 frame would
be dropped into the modulator transmit path. The Drop Multiplexer would know to look only at the

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first entry in the Active Transmit table and would ignore the other 29 entries. If the map contained
an “8” in its first entry, the eighth channel of the T1/E1 frame would be sent to the modulator.

ROM Map 2 could be used as the template for an Active Receive (Insert) Map for a demodulator
configured for 128 Kbps operation. The demodulated data in the receive path would be inserted
into the first two time slots of the T1 or E1 frame. The Insert Multiplexer would know to look only
at the first two entries in the Active Receive table and would ignore the other 28 entries. If the first
two entries were modified to contain a 27 and 28, the data would be inserted into the 27

th

and 28th

time slots of the E1 frame.
ROM Map 3 could be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) Map with a modulator

and/or demodulator configured for 256 Kbps operation. The T1 or E1 Data in the transmit path or
the demodulated data in the receive path would be dropped from and/or inserted into the first four
time slots of the T1 or E1 frame. The Multiplexer would know to look only at the first four entries
in the Active map(s) and would ignore the other 26 entries.

ROM Map 4 could be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) or Active Receive
(Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 384 Kbps operation. The T1 or
E1 Data in the transmit path or the demodulated data in the receive path would be dropped from
and/or inserted into the first six time slots of the T1 or E1 frame. The Insert Multiplexer would
know to look only at the first six entries in the Active map(s) and would ignore the other 24 entries.
To Drop the last six channels of a T1 frame into a modulator transmit path, the first six entries of
the Active Transmit map should contain 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24.

ROM Map 5 could be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active Receive
(Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 512 Kbps operation. The T1 or
E1 Data in the transmit path or the demodulated data in the receive path would be dropped from
and or inserted into the first eight time slots of the T1 or E1 frame. The Multiplexer would know to
look only at the first eight entries in the Active map(s) and would ignore the other 22 entries. To
insert data received from a demodulator into channels 17 through 24 of an E1 frame, the first
eight entries of the Active Receive map should contain 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24.

ROM Map 6 could be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active Receive
(Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 768 Kbps operation. The T1 or
E1 Data in the transmit path or the demodulated data in the receive path would be dropped from
and or inserted into the first 12 time slots of the T1 or E1 frame. The Multiplexer would know to
look only at the first 12 entries in the Active map(s) and would ignore the other 18 entries. To
insert data received from a demodulator into channels 3 through 14 of an E1 frame, the first 12
entries of the Active Receive map should contain 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14.

ROM Map 7 could be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active Receive
(Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 1920 Kbps operation. This
would be used with E1 frames where time slot 16 is not used for the multiframe alignment signal
and therefore channels 1 through 30 are mapped directly with time slots 1 through 30.

ROM Map 7 could also be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active
Receive (Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 1024 Kbps operation.
This would be used with T1 or E1 frames where channels 1 through 16 are mapped into time slots
1 through 16 (in any order). Map slots 17 through 30 would be ignored.

ROM Map 7 could also be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active
Receive (Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 1536 Kbps operation.
This would be used with T1 frames where channels 1 through 24 are mapped into time slots 1
through 24 (in any order). Map slots 25 through 30 would be ignored.

ROM Map 8 could also be used as the template for an Active Transmit (Drop) and/or Active
Receive (Insert) Map with a modulator and/or demodulator configured for 1920 Kbps operation.
However, this mapping would be relevant with E1 frames where time slot 16 is used for the

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multiframe alignment signal and therefore channels 1 through 30 are mapped to time slots 1
through 16 and 17 through 31.

4.8 Terminal Mode Control

The DMD15/DMD15L Terminal Mode Control allows the use of an external terminal or computer
to monitor and control the modem from a full screen interactive presentation operated by the
modem itself. No external software is required other than VT100 Terminal Emulation Software
(e.g. “Procomm” for a computer when used as a terminal. The Control Port is normally used as
an RS–232 Connection to the terminal device. The RS-232 operating parameters can be set
using the modem Front Panel and stored in EEPROM for future use.

4.8.1 Modem Terminal Mode Control

The modem can be interactively monitored and controlled in the Terminal Mode, with a full screen
presentation of current settings and status. Programming is accomplished by selecting the item to
be modified and pressing the terminal key of the option number. For example, to change the
transmit data rate, enter ‘33’ at the terminal. The modem will respond by presenting the options
available and requesting input. Two types of input may be requested. If the input is multiple
choice, the desired choice is selected by pressing the ‘Space’ key. When the desired option is
displayed, press the ‘Enter’ key to select that option. The other possible input type requires a
numerical input (such as entering a frequency or data rate. This type of input is followed by
pressing the ‘Enter’ or carriage return key. An input can be aborted at any time by pressing the
‘ESC’ key. Invalid input keys cause an error message to be displayed on the terminal.

The Terminal Control Mode supports serial baud rates of 150, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, and 38400. The connection must be set for 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no parity (8,N,1).
Three terminal emulations are supported: VT100, WYSE 50, and ADDS-VP.

“$” is used for setting the screen when the terminal is used is used for the first time or the non­volatile memory gets reset.

4.8.2 Modem Setup for Terminal Mode

Terminal Mode Communications and Protocol is set from the Front Panel Control by setting the
“Control Mode” Parameter to “Terminal”, and then setting the “Modem Port”, “Term Baud” and
“Emulation” Parameters as desired. Then a terminal is connected to Connector J5 on the Back
Panel. All operating software for the Terminal Mode is contained within the DMD15/DMD15L
Modem Internal Control Software.

A “break” signal on the communications line, pressing “ESC” on the terminal or Power On of the
modem will initiate full screen terminal mode printing and redraw the full screen. The Terminal
Mode displays the present status of all user parameters controlled and read by the processor, and
offers a menu allowing change to any controlled parameter.

The Terminal Mode uses eight “Screens,” each of which have the basic contents of the three
modem monitor and control areas as set in the Front Panel matrix columns. This screen is used
for setting the parameters of the Modulator, Demodulator, Event, Alarm, Latched Alarm, Drop
Controls, Insert Controls, and Interface Areas.

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4.9 Modem Remote Communications

4.9.1 Host Computer Remote Communications

NOTE: This specification is applicable to the DMD15, DMD10 and DMD10L Modems. Any
reference to the DMD15 in this document can be applicable to any one of these three
modems.

Control and status messages are conveyed between the DMD15 and the subsidiary modems and
the host computer using packetized message blocks in accordance with a proprietary
communications specification. This communication is handled by the Radyne Link Level Protocol
(RLLP), which serves as a protocol ‘wrapper’ for the RM&C data. Complete information on
monitor and control software is contained in the following sections.

4.9.1.1 Protocol Structure

The Communications Specification (COMMSPEC) defines the interaction of computer resident
Monitor and Control Software used in satellite earth station equipment such as modems,
redundancy switches, multiplexers, and other ancillary support gear. Communication is bi­directional, and is normally established on one or more full-duplex 9600-baud multi-drop control
buses that conform to EIA Standard RS-485.

Each piece of earth station equipment on a control bus has a unique physical address, which is
assigned during station setup/configuration or prior to shipment. Valid decimal addresses on one
control bus range from 032 through 255 for a total of up to 224 devices per bus. Address 255 of
each control bus is usually reserved for the M&C computer.

4.9.1.2 Protocol Wrapper

The Radyne COMMSPEC is byte-oriented, with the Least Significant Bit (LSB) issued first. Each
data byte is conveyed as mark/space information with two marks comprising the stop data. When
the last byte of data is transmitted, a hold comprises one steady mark (the last stop bit). To begin
or resume data transfer, a space (00h) substitutes this mark. This handling scheme is controlled
by the hardware and is transparent to the user. A pictorial representation of the data and its
surrounding overhead may be shown as follows:

S1 S2 B

The Stop Bits, S1 and S2, are each a mark. Data flow remains in a hold mode until S2 is replaced
by a space. If S2 is followed by a space, it is considered a start bit for the data byte and not part of
the actual data (

B0 - B 7).

The COMMSPEC developed for use with the Radyne Link Level Protocol (RLLP) organizes the
actual monitor and control data within a shell, or ‘protocol wrapper’, that surrounds the data. The
format and structure of the COMMSPEC message exchanges are described herein. Decimal
numbers have no suffix; hexadecimal numbers end with a lower case ‘h’ suffix and binary values
have a lower case ‘b’ suffix. Thus, 22 = 16h = 000010110b. The principal elements of a data
frame, in order of occurrence, are summarized as follows:

<SYNC>: The message format header character, or ASCII sync

<BYTE COUNT>: The Byte Count is the number of bytes in the <DATA>

0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 S1 S2, etc.

character, that defines the beginning of a message. The
<SYNC> character value is always 16h.

field, ranging from 0 through 255 for the DMD5000
protocol (1 Byte), or ranging from 0 through 509 for the
DMD15 protocol (2 Bytes).

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<SOURCE ID>: The Source Identifier defines the multi-drop address

origin.

Note: All nodes on a given control bus have a unique

address that must be defined.

<DESTINATION ID>: The Destination Identifier serves as a pointer to the

multi-drop destination device that indicates where the
message is to be sent.

<FRAME SEQUENCE NUMBER>: The Frame Sequence Number (FSN) is a tag with a

value from O through 255 that is sent with each
message. It assures sequential information framing and
correct equipment acknowledgment and data transfers.

<OPCODE>: The Operation Code field contains a number that

identifies the message type associated with the data that
follows it. Equipment under MCS control recognizes this
byte via firmware identification and subsequently steers
the DATA accordingly to perform a specific function or
series of functions. Acknowledgment and error codes are
returned in this field. 1 Byte for the DMD5000 protocol,
and 2 Bytes for the DMD15 protocol.

<DATA >: The Data field contains the binary, bi-directional data

bytes associated with the <OPCODE>. The number of
data bytes in this field is indicated by the <BYTE
COUNT> value.

<CHECKSUM>: The checksum is the modulo 256 sum of all preceding

message bytes, excluding the <SYNC> character. The
checksum determines the presence or absence of errors
within the message. In a message block with the
following parameters, the checksum is computed as
shown in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7. Checksum Calculation Example

BYTE FIELD DATA CONTENT RUNNING CHECKSUM

<BYTE COUNT> (Byte 1) 00h = 00000000b 00000000b
<BYTE COUNT> (Byte 2) 02h = 00000010b 00000010b

<SOURCEID> F0h = 11110000b 11110010b

<DESTINATION ID> 2Ah = 00101010b 00011100b

<FSN> 09h = 00001001b 00100101b
<OPCODE> (Byte 1) 00h = 00000000b 00100101b
<OPCODE> (Byte 2) 03h = 00000011b 00101000b

<DATA> (Byte 1) DFh = 11011111b 00000111b
<DATA> (Byte 2) FEh = 11111110b 00000101b

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Thus, the checksum is 00000101b; which is 05h or 5 decimal. Alternative methods of calculating
the checksum for the same message frame are:

00h + 02h + F0h + 2Ah + 09h + 00h + 03h + DFh + FEh = 305h.

Since the only concern is the modulo 256 (modulo 1 00h) equivalent (values that can be
represented by a single 8-bit byte), the checksum is 05h.

For a decimal checksum calculation, the equivalent values for each information field are:

0 + 2 + 240 + 42 + 9 + 0 + 3 + 223 + 254 = 773;
773/256 = 3 with a remainder of 5.
This remainder is the checksum for the frame.
5 (decimal) = 05h = 0101b = <CHECKSUM>

4.9.1.3 Frame Description and Bus Handshaking

In a Monitor and Control environment, every message frame on a control bus port executes as a
packet in a loop beginning with a wait-for-SYNC-character mode. The remaining message format
header information is then loaded, either by the M&C computer or by a subordinate piece of
equipment (such as the DMD15) requesting access to the bus. Data is processed in accordance
with the OPCODE, and the checksum for the frame is calculated. If the anticipated checksum
does not match, then a checksum error response is returned to the message frame originator.
The entire message frame is discarded and the wait-for-SYNC mode goes back into effect. If the
OPCODE resides within a command message, it defines the class of action that denotes an
instruction that is specific to the device type, and is a prefix to the DATA field if data is required. If
the OPCODE resides within a query message packet, then it defines the query code, and can
serve as a prefix to query code DATA.

The Frame Sequence Number (FSN) is included in every message packet, and increments
sequentially. When the M & C computer or bus-linked equipment initiates a message, it assigns
the FSN as a tag for error control and handshaking. A different FSN is produced for each new
message from the FSN originator to a specific device on the control bus. If a command packet is
sent and not received at its intended destination, then an appropriate response message is not
received by the packet originator. The original command packet is then re-transmitted with the
same FSN. If the repeated message is received correctly at this point, it is considered a new
message and is executed and acknowledged as such.

If the command packet is received at its intended destination but the response message
(acknowledgment) is lost, then the message originator (usually the M&C computer) re-transmits
the original command packet with the same FSN. The destination device detects the same FSN
and recognizes that the message is a duplicate, so the associated commands within the packet
are not executed a second time. However, the response packet is again sent back to the source
as an acknowledgment in order to preclude undesired multiple executions of the same command.

To reiterate, valid equipment responses to a message require the FSN tag in the command
packet. This serves as part of the handshake/acknowledge routine. If a valid response message
is absent, then the command is re-transmitted with the same FSN. For a repeat of the same
command involving iterative processes (such as increasing or decreasing the transmit power level
of a DMD15 modulator), the FSN is incremented after each message packet. When the FSN
value reaches 255, it overflows and begins again at zero. The FSN tag is a powerful tool that
assures sequential information framing, and is especially useful where commands require more
than one message packet.

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The full handshake/acknowledgment involves a reversal of source and destination ID codes in the
next message frame, followed by a response code in the <OPCODE> field of the message packet
from the equipment under control.

If a command packet is sent and not received at its intended destination, a timeout condition can
occur because a response message is not received by the packet originator. On receiving devices
slaved to an M & C computer, the timeout delay parameters may be programmed into the
equipment in accordance with site requirements by Radyne Corp. prior to shipment, or altered by
qualified personnel. The FSN handshake routines must account for timeout delays and be able to
introduce them as well.

4.9.1.4 Global Response Operational Codes

In acknowledgment (response) packets, the operational code <OPCODE> field of the message
packet is set to 0 by the receiving devices when the message intended for the device is evaluated
as valid. The device that receives the valid message then exchanges the <SOURCE ID> with the
<DESTINATION ID>, sets the <OPCODE> to zero in order to indicate that a good message was
received, and returns the packet to the originator. This "GOOD MESSAGE" Opcode is one of nine
global responses. Global response opcodes are common responses, issued to the M&C
computer or to another device, that can originate from and are interpreted by all Radyne
equipment in the same manner. These are summarized as follows (all opcode values are
expressed in decimal form):

Table 4-8. Response OPCODES

Response OPCODE Description OPCODE

Good Message 000d = 0000h
Bad Parameter 255d = 00FFh

Bad Opcode 254d = 00FEh

Bad Checksum 253d = 00FDh

Command Not Allowed in LOCAL Mode 252d = 00FCh

Command Not Allowed in AUTO Mode 251d = 00FBh

Bad Destination 250d = 00FAh

Unable to Process Command 249d = 00F9h

Packet Too Long 248d = 00F8h

The following response error codes are specific to the DMD15:

DMD15 Response Error Code Descriptions OPCODE

MPARM_MODEMNUMBER_ERROR 0x0400

MPARM_FREQUENCY_ERROR 0x0401

MPARM_STRAP_ERROR 0x0402

MPARM_FILTERMASK_ERROR 0x0403

MPARM_EXTEXCCLOCK_ERROR 0x0405

MPARM_EXTREFERENCE_ERROR 0x0406

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-47

MPARM_DATARATE_ERROR 0x0404

User Interfaces DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem

MPARM_EXTREFSOURCE_ERROR 0x0407

MPARM_MODULATIONTYPE_ERROR 0x0408

MPARM_CONVENCODER_ERROR 0x0409
MPARM_REEDSOLOMON_ERROR 0x040A

MPARM_SCRAMBLERCONTROL_ERROR 0x040B

MPARM_SCRAMBLERTYPE_ERROR 0x040C

MPARM_IBSSCRAMBLER_ERROR 0x040D

MPARM_V35SCRAMBLER_ERROR 0x040E

MPARM_DIFFERENTIALENCODER_ERROR 0x040F

MPARM_XMITPOWERLEVEL_ERROR 0x0410
MPARM_CARRIERCONTROL_ERROR 0x0411

MPARM_CARRIERSELECTION_ERROR 0x0412

MPARM_SPECTRUM_ERROR 0x0413

MPARM_OPERATINGMODE_ERROR 0x0414

MPARM_TERRLOOPBACK_ERROR 0x0415

MPARM_BASELOOPBACK_ERROR 0x0416
MPARM_CLOCKCONTROL_ERROR 0x0417
MPARM_CLOCKPOLARITY_ERROR 0x0418

MPARM_FRAMING_ERROR 0x0419

MPARM_DROPMODE_ERROR 0x041A

MPARM_SCTSOURCE_ERROR 0x041B

MPARM_DROPMAP_ERROR 0x041D

MPARM_T1D4YELLOW_ERROR 0x041E

MPARM_FORCEDALARMS_ERROR 0x041F

MPARM_ALARMMASKENABLE_ERROR 0x0420

MPARM_ALARMMASK_ERROR 0x0421

MPARM_MODE_ERROR 0x0422

MPARM_CIRCUITID_ERROR 0x0423
MPARM_ESCCHANNEL1VOLUME_ERROR 0x0424
MPARM_ESCCHANNEL2VOLUME_ERROR 0x0425

MPARM_TERRESTRIAL_LOOPBACK_ERROR 0x0426

MPARM_INTERFACE_LOOPBACK_ERROR 0x0427

MPARM_IF_LOOPBACK_ERROR 0x0428

MPARM_INTERFACETYPE_ERROR 0x0429

MPARM_INTERFACENOTPRESENT_ERROR 0x042A

MPARM_INTERFACECOMMUNICATION_ERROR 0x042B

4-48 TM051 – Rev. 5.8

DMD15/DMD15L IBS/IDR Satellite Modem User Interfaces

MPARM_SYMBOLRATE_ERROR 0x042C

MPARM_NOTIMPLEMENTED_ERROR 0x042D

MPARM_TRANSFERTYPE_ERROR 0x042F

MPARM_SUMMARYFAULT_ERROR 0x0430

MPARM_DATAINVERT_ERROR 0x0431
MPARM_ESCSOURCE_ERROR 0x0432

MPARM_FMORDERWIRE_ERROR 0x0433

MPARM_FMTESTTONE_ERROR 0x0434

MPARM_AUPCLOCALENABLE_ERROR 0x0435

MPARM_AUPCREMOTEENABLE_ERROR 0x0436

MPARM_AUPCLOCALCLACTION_ERROR 0x0437

MPARM_AUPCREMOTECLACTION_ERROR 0x0438

MPARM_AUPCTRACKINGRATE_ERROR 0x0439

MPARM_AUPCREMOTEBBLOOPBACK_ERROR 0x043A

MPARM_AUPCREMOTE2047_ERROR 0x043B

MPARM_AUPCEBNO_ERROR 0x043C

MPARM_AUPCMINPOWER_ERROR 0x043D

MPARM_AUPCMAXPOWER_ERROR 0x043E

MPARM_AUPCNOMINALPOWER_ERROR 0x043F

MPARM_CONFIGURATIONSOURCE_ERROR 0x0440

MPARM_CONFIGURATIONDESTINATION_ERROR 0x0441

MPARM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR 0x0442

MPARM_CARRIERDELAY_ERROR 0x0443

MPARM_TIME_MARK_ERROR 0x0444

DPARM_MODE_ERROR 0x0600

DPARM_FREQUENCY_ERROR 0x0601

DPARM_SWEEPDELAY_ERROR 0x0602

DPARM_DATARATE_ERROR 0x0603

DPARM_SWEEPBOUNDARY_ERROR 0x0604

DPARM_LEVELLIMIT_ERROR 0x0605

DPARM_STRAP_ERROR 0x0606

DPARM_FILTERMASK_ERROR 0x0607

DPARM_DEMODULATIONTYPE_ERROR 0x0608

DPARM_CONVDECODER_ERROR 0x0609
DPARM_REEDSOLOMON_ERROR 0x060A

TM051 - Rev. 5.8 4-49