Radwin RW2025 User Manual

Configuring the GSU Chapter 11

Site Configuration: GPS Sync Unit

This window is the main GSU configuration tool:

Figure 11-8: Site Configuration: GPS Sync Unit

The 1000 and 2000 labels refer to WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 radios, respectively. The actual annotation seen may vary, but the intention should

Note

be clear.

1. Setting the RFP for HSS

The GSU is automatically configured as HSS Master (HSM).

Ensure that no other collocated ODU is configured as HSM.

Note

If the hub site consists only of WinLink 1000 units, then any suitable RFP may be chosen. If there are one or more RADWIN 2000 units, you must use RFP B or E.

The permitted RFPs are also dependent on channel bandwidth and are color coded as follows:

You May use RFP/ Channel Bandwidth combinations with this color

For these collocated radios

WinLink 1000 only RADWIN 2000 only WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 together None - unavailable

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There is a further restriction: If there are two distributed sites transmitting to each other, they must both use the same RFP. This requirement, together with use of shifted transmission phase (item 3 below), ensures that communicating distributed sites to not interfere with each other by transmitting simultaneously.

Two GSU managed sites transmitting with shifted transmission phase and using the same RFP, transmit one half a RFD apart (see Figure 11-3 above).

2. Setting the Tx Transmission Ratio

Since the GSU is always HSM, it must be able to cater for hub site RADWIN 2000 C based links. (See the RADWIN 2000 User Manual, Chapter 5). If you use asymmetric allocation, shifted transmission phase becomes unavailable and you cannot “cascade” links as described in step 1.

3. Choosing the Transmission Phase

Chose the Transmission Phase in accordance with considerations in step 1 above. If you choose Shifted Phase then the Asymmetric Ratio selector is disabled.

Site Configuration: Management

Figure 11-9: Site Configuration: Management

Here you set the GSU IP address, subnet mask and gateway. You also set trap addresses here. It is identical to the corresponding panel for WinLink 1000.

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Site Configuration: Inventory

Figure 11-10: Site Configuration: Inventory

Site Configuration: Security

You can only change the SNMP Community stings:

Figure 11-11: Site Configuration: Security

Site Configuration: Date and Time

ODU Recent events, alarms and traps are time-stamped from the time method chosen here (NTP, managing computer, ODU default).

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Figure 11-12: Setting the date and time for trap reporting

Site Configuration: Operations

The only available action here is Restore System Defaults:

Figure 11-13: Site Configuration: Operations

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GSU Preferences Chapter 11

GSU Preferences

The Preferences window adds a new tab for the GSU:

Figure 11-14: Site Configuration: Operations

You may chose the units for latitude/longitude coordinates.

GSU Monitoring and Diagnostics

The monitoring and diagnostic reports are similar to those of WinLink 1000.

GSU Telnet Support

To configure the GSU with Telnet, start a Telnet session, using

telnet <GSU_ipaddr>.

For example, if you run Telnet as follows,

telnet 192.168.222.20

you will be asked for a user name and password. Y ou must log on with administr ator privilege under user name,

The available commands are the same as for WinLink 1000 with the addition of four additional display commands and three additional set commands.

The additional display commands are

admin

and password

netman

display rfp display ratio display tx_phase display gpsinfo

The last one display gpsinfo, is the most interesting:

admin@192.168.222.20-> display gpsinfo

Current GPS time 102941.000

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Current GPS latitude 51.500000 Current GPS N\S Indicator N Current GPS longitude 0.000000 Current GPS E\W Indicator E Current GPS number of satellites 09 Current GPS altitude 84.0

Command "display gpsinfo" finished OK.

The three additional set commands are

set rfp <index> (2-6)

set ratio <ratio> set tx_phase <mode:1=normal,2=shifted>

Software Update for GSUs

All GSUs in a distributed site can be updated simultaneously. Use an IP list as described in

Chapter 15.

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RADWIN 2000

Broadband Wireless Transmission System

USER MANUAL

RELEASE 2.5.40

Part 3: Advanced Installation

UM 2000-2540/02.11

Chapter 12

Monitored Hot Standby

Installation Procedure

What is a RADWIN Monitored Hot Standby

The RADWIN Monitored Hot Standby (MHS a.k.a 1+1) is a duplicated link set up as a primary link and a secondary link in hot standby mode as shown in Figure 12-1 below.

Figure 12-1: RADWIN Monitored Hot Standby

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What RADWIN MHS provides Chapter 12

RADWIN MHS provides redundancy and backup to TDM services. It is designed to provide high reliability high-capacity Point-to-Point links. The RADWIN MHS is -

• Designed to provide redundancy and high reliability for carrier class operators

• Optimized for high capacity links operating in license-free bands

• A comprehensive solution providing protection against both equipment failure and loss of air interface, by simple connectivity between a primary link and a secondary link

The main service redundancy features of the RADWIN MHS are –

• TDM service cut-over from the primary to the secondary link is completely automatic

• TDM service cut-over time no more than 50 ms

• Automatic restore to primary link as soon as it becomes available

• Support for up to sixteen TDM channels for RADWIN 2000 and four TDM channels for WinLink 1000.

MHS is supported between -

• two WinLink 1000 links

• two RADWIN 2000 links

• a WinLink 1000 link and a RADWIN 2000 link.

What RADWIN MHS provides

Equipment Protection

Equipment protection is provided for the electrically-active network elements, ODU and IDU. The primary IDU and the secondary IDU are connected by a cable to monitor failure and to

control protection switching. Switching time is less than 50ms. When connecting two WinLink 1000 links as 1+1, one dual-polarization antenna can be

shared by the primary link and the secondary link.

Air-Interface Protection

Air-Interface protection is unique to RADWIN and is optimized for wireless links operating in license-free bands.

The primary link and the secondary link use different frequency channels. If the air-interface of the primary link is disturbed and cannot carry the required TDM service, then the system automatically switches to the secondary link.

In addition, improved robustness and frequency planning flexibility is achieved, as the primary and secondary air interfaces can operate in the same frequency band or in different frequency bands.

Automatic Channel Selection (ACS) can be configured for each link to add additional robustness.

The primary and secondary links are synchronized using Hub Site Synchronization (HSS). It is recommended that both sites be installed with HSS cables. If HSS fails at one site, it can

be operated from the other site by remote configuration.

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Purpose of this Chapter Chapter 12

Purpose of this Chapter

This chapter is an installation and maintenance guide for RADWIN MHS. It applies to all RADWIN radio products able to support the Monitored Hot Standby operational mode.

Who Should Read this

This chapter is intended for persons responsible for the installation and maintenance of RADWIN MHS. To use it you need to know how to -

• Install a WinLink 1000 radio link

• Install a RADWIN 2000 radio link

• Use the RADWIN Manager software

RADWIN MHS Kit Contents

• One Y-Connection Patch Panel

• One MHS cable

Figure 12-2: RADWIN Y-Connection Patch Panel

Installing a RADWIN MHS

The following procedure is substantially generic to all RADWIN radio products. Differences between WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 class products will be stated explicitly. What you see on your running RADWIN

Note

Figure 12-1 above is a schematic of a RADWIN MHS. Figure 12-3 shows how to connect

the IDUs to the Patch Panel.

Manager may differ in some details from the screen captures used to illustrate this chapter.

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Figure 12-3: How to connect the IDUs to the Patch Panel

•With RADWIN 2000 links yo u can protect up to 16 TDM ports. To pro- tect more than eight TDM ports use two Patch Panels at each site.

• Ethernet services are carried independently by primary and second-

Note

ary links. Each link carries different Ethernet traffic. MHS does not protect Ethernet traffic.

In what follows, it will be assumed that –

1. We will depart from our usual Site A / Site B conventions. Sites A and B on the primary link will be Sites 1.2 and 1.4 respectively. The corresponding sites on the secondary link will be Sites 2.2 and 2.4. The site names reflect their IP addresses. This is a useful convention and is reflected in the screen captures below.

2. The link will be managed from Site 1.2; Site 1.4 may be a remote site.

3. The links intended as the primary and secondary will be referred to their respective names, Primary Link and Secondary Link as shown in Figure 12-1 above, despite their having yet to be installed.

 To install a Hot Standby Link:

1. Set up Primary Link in the usual way. Ensure that it is fully operational in accordance with the relevant instructions in Part 1 of the User Manual.

Do not proceed unless this condition is fully met!

Note

2. Connect user equipment to Site 1.4.

3. At Site 1.2, disconnect the TDM cables from the external equipment or disconnect external equipment from the Hot Standby Patch Panel.

4. The HSS cable (connecting the ODUs) should be connected at Site 1.2. The ODU belonging to the primary link should be configured as HSM, whereas the ODU belonging to the secondary link should be configured as HSC-CT.

5. Establish Secondary Link in the usual way, with HSS enabled. The two link fre-

quencies should be at least 5MHz apart.

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6. Connect the MHS cables at Sites A and B as shown in Figure 12-1 and Figure 12-

3 above.

7. Run the Configuration Wizard for Primary Link. Activate TDM services in the usual way. Navigate to the Hot Standby tab, in the Services Configuration panel:

Figure 12-4: Services Configuration Panel: Hot Standby mode selection

Check the Primary button to configure Primary Link as the primary link.

8. Complete the Wizard, and then move to Secondary Link.

9. Repeat step 7 for Secondary Link. For the Services Hot Standby tab, this time, check the Secondary button.

10. Complete the Wizard.

11. At Site 1.2, reconnect the Hot Standby Patch panel to the external equipment.

From this point on, we will simply refer to primary and secondary link (no capitalized names). At the end of the process, the RADWIN Manager main windows should look like this:

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Figure 12-5: The primary link under normal operation

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Figure 12-6: The secondary link under normal operation

To see what happens following a cut-over from the primary link to the secondary link, you need to have running two copies of the RADWIN Manager – one logged into the primary link, and one logged into the secondary link.

Here then, is the situation after a cut-over to the secondary link: For the primary link, the following window will appear for a few seconds:

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Figure 12-7: Primary link a few seconds before regular No-Link display

It will then revert to the standard No-Link-available window. On the secondary link Manager window, you will see a window like this:

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Maintaining a RADWIN MHS Link Chapter 12

Figure 12-8: Secondary Link operating as the Hot Standby link

Notice that the active link notice is highlighted in red, so that there is no mistaking which link is operational.

Maintaining a RADWIN MHS Link

IDU Replacement

There are two situations, which must be treated differently.

Situation 1:

To replace either of the IDUs at Site 1.4 or the IDU at Site 2.2, nothing special is required. Simply disconnect the IDU to be replaced – and replace it with a new one. Replacing a secondary link IDU obviously has no effect on the TDM service. Disconnecting the Site 1.4 primary IDU activates Hot Standby. After the Site 1.4 primary IDU is replaced, the Link will detect the change and switch back to the primary link.

If you replaced the Site 2.2 IDU, remember to reconnect the MHS cable.

Situation 2:

Replacing the Site 1.2 IDU is different, and requires several steps.

 To replace the Site 1.2 primary link IDU:

1. Power off the Site 1.2 IDU. This activates the secondary link using Hot Standby.

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ODU Replacement Chapter 12

2. Run the Configuration manager on the secondary link, and in the Hot Standby panel of Figure 12-4 above, check the Disabled button.

3. Replace the Site 1.2 IDU without connecting it to the ODU (to prevent transmission by the primary link with the undefined IDU).

4. Reconnect the MHS cable between the IDUs at Site 1.2.

5. Again, run the Configuration Wizard on the secondary link, and in the panel of

Figure 12-4 above, check the Secondary button to re-enable the link as secondary.

6. Connect the new Site 1.2 IDU to its ODU. The Hot Standby will automatically revert to the primary link within 50ms.

ODU Replacement

Both the primary and secondary replacement ODUs require pre-configuration prior to insertion into the link. The items to be pre-configured are

•HSS mode

•Link ID

•Frequency

• Hot Standby mode – using the new Services panel in Figure 12-4 above

• IP address (optional)

Pre-configuration must be carried out before the new ODU is connected to its IDU. If you try to do it “live” against its IDU, it will

Note

cause spurious transmissions and a service break.

 To pre-configure an ODU:

1. Attach the new ODU to an IDU or a PoE device.

2. Run the RADWIN Manager and use Hot Standby tab of Figure 12-4 above to configure the new ODU to Primary or Secondary mode as required.

3. Ensure that it is set to the proper HSS mode in accordance with Figure 12-4 above. Enter the required Link ID and frequency.

 To replace an ODU for primary or secondary link, at either site:

• Install the pre-configured ODU. (Since the other link is working normally, nothing need be done with it. If the secondary ODU was replaced, TDM service remains as is on the primary link. If the primary ODU was replaced, then the TDM service will shift back to the primary link.)

Switching Logic

Switching from Primary Link to Secondary Link

Switching from primary link to secondary link will occur following:

• Loss of the primary air interface due to sync loss

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• Loss of the primary air interface due to failure of the receiver to acquire expected E1/ T1 data during a period of 24ms

• The Primary equipment (either ODU or IDU, local or remote) is powered off

Following the switch from the primary to the secondary link, the primary and secondary link Manager main windows should look like this:

Figure 12-9: Primary link after the switch over to secondary link (After a few seconds the display moves to No-Link display, with TDM ports grayed out. )

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Switching back from the Secondary to the Primary Link Chapter 12

Figure 12-10: Secondary link operating after the switch over to secondary. (After a few moments the TDM icons become green. )

Switching back from the Secondary to the Primary Link

Switching back from the secondary link to the primary link will occur after the primary link has become and remains fully functional for a continuous period of at least one second. F ollowing reversion from the secondary link to the primary link, the Manager main windows should look like this:

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Figure 12-11: Primary link operating after the switch back from secondary

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System Operation description Chapter 12

Figure 12-12: Secondary Link operating after the switch back to Primary

System Operation description

• TDM services are carried by the primary link

Normal operation

Switching to backup

Backup operation • TDM services are carried by the secondary link

Switching back to primary

• The secondary link (equipment and air interface) is operating but not carrying user traffic

•TDM ports on the secondary IDUs are tri-state

• Switching to secondary will occur in the following cases:

• Loss of the primary air interface due to sync loss

• Loss of the primary air interface due to failure of the receiver to acquire expected TDM data during a period of 24ms

• Primary equipment power off (either ODU or IDU, local or remote)

• The switching result would be:

• TDM ports on the primary IDUs turn to tri-state

• TDM ports on the secondary IDUs become active

• Switching back to primary will occur as soon as the Primary link is fully functional for 1 second

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Chapter 13

The RADWIN Ethernet

Ring

Scope

The description of RADWIN Ethernet Ring in this Chapter is completely generic: Both WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 links may participate in an Ethernet ring.

VLAN IDs are used by RADWIN products in three separate contexts: Management VLAN, Traffic VLAN and Ethernet Ring. It is recommended that

Caution

What is an Ethernet Ring

you use different VLAN IDs for each context.

An Ethernet ring consists of several nodes connected by hops (links). Loops are not allowed with Ethernet; therefore one hop is a Ring Protection Link (RPL) which “blocks” Ethernet traffic. In the event of failure in the ring, the Ring Protection Link unblocks and Ethernet traffic in the ring is restored.

Some terminology:

• Normal State – all member links are functional except the RPL which is blocked.

• Blocked - the air-link is up but Ethernet traffic is not transmitted across the link. The Ethernet service panel for the RPL in the RADWIN Manager is labeled Idle

• Unblocked - Ethernet traffic is transmit ted across the RPL. The Ethernet service panel for the RPL in the RADWIN Manager is labeled Active

• Protection State – a member link is broken and the RPL passes Ethernet traffic

• Ring Protection Link - as described above

• Ring Link - any member link controlled by the RPL

• Independent Link - not subject to ring protection

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RADWIN Ethernet Ring Chapter 13

• Ring Protection Message (RPM) - control message used to monitor and control the ring.

RPM messages are broadcast, so it is essential (to prevent flooding) to associate the RPL and member Ring LInks with a VLAN ID. This requires in

Note

turn, that equipment used in the ring either supports VLAN or can transparently pass through VLAN tagged packets.

RADWIN Ethernet Ring

The following figure describes the RPL behavior during a ring failure and recovery cycle.

Figure 13-1: Ring Protection mechanism

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RADWIN Ethernet Ring Chapter 13

The steps below follow the numbering in Figure 13-1:

1. Normal operation

Ethernet traffic runs in the ring, but does not pass through the RPL, which is blocked. The RPL does however, broadcast RPM packets through the ring.

2. Ring Link down, RPL notified

The RPL detects a link-down condition by the non-arrival of an RPM packet. It remains blocked for the Minimum time for failure detection which is configurable using the RADWIN Manager (see page 13-9).

3. Ring Link down, RPL unblocked for traffic

The RPL unblocks for Ethernet traffic after the Minimum time for failure detection expires and no RPM message has been received.

4. Ring Link restored but still blocked for traffic

The Ring Link is restored, but remains blocked for the Minimum time for recovery, set using the RADWIN Manager, to avoid rapid fluctuations leading to potential short term loops (see page 13-9).

5. Ring Link restored, RPL blocked for traffic

The RPL blocks to Ethernet traffic after the Minimum time for recovery expires and restores Ethernet traffic to the Ring Link (with a special RPM packet).

Return to 1.) Ring Link restored, RPL blocked for traffic

The ring is back to normal operation.

With RADWIN links, RADWIN’s Ring Protection solution prevents Ethernet loops in the ring at all times. The ring is always broken somewhere.

• Under a ring configuration a RADWIN Ring Link that was down and commences recovery, keeps blocking Ethernet traffic. The RPL identifies this situation, blocks itself and then unblocks the other Ring Link. This is the transition from step 4 to 5 in

Figure 13-1.

• If the failed hop is not a RADWIN

• If the hop Ring Link can signal that it is down by issuing a Loss of Signal (LOS) at the Ethernet port, then the RPL will control the RADWIN link connected to that port in the same manner as described above, to prevent an Ethernet loop.

• Otherwise, there may be a short loop period when the RPL is still open for traffic and the Ring Link is also unblocked during the Minimum time for recovery.

link then there are two possibilities:

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Ethernet Ring Topologies Supported by RADWIN Chapter 13

Ethernet Ring Topologies Supported by RADWIN

The following ring topologies are supported:

Table 13-1: Topologies supported by RADWIN Ethernet Ring

The ring is not connected to other rings

Stand-alone ring

One of the nodes is connected to another network / ring:

Single-homed ring

Dual-homed ring

Two adjacent nodes are connected through a non-RADWIN link (e.g. micro wave or fiber):

Note:

• The network has to be layer 2 and support VLANs

• The ring control broadcasts RPM packe ts. Hence it i s recommend ed to prevent these packets from propagating into the network

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Table 13-1: Topologies supported by RADWIN Ethernet Ring (Continued)

Some of the hops are connected through non-RADWIN links:

Mixed ring

Some of the hops are connected through RADWIN links with PoE devices, not supporting ring functionality:

Repeater sites

Shared ring

RADWIN rings with shared hops.

Note:

• A RADWIN link hop can be a part of up to 4 rings

• The RPL cannot be a shared link

• The two RPLs should use different Minimum Time for Acti vation v alues to prevent duplicate action causing a loop

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Protection Switching Chapter 13

Protection Switching

Protection switching occurs upon failure in the ring. The Ethernet service restoration time depends on the number of hops in the ring. With four

hops the Ethernet service is restored in less than 50 ms. In single and dual homed topologies the service restoration may take longer due to the aging

time of the external switches. Switches that are immediately aware of routing changes reduce the restoration time.

Hardware Considerations

Ethernet Ring Protection is supported by the IDU-C, IDU-E and PoE. A typical Ring Protection Link consists of an IDU-C or new style IDU-E, a PoE and two ODUs

as shown in Figure 13-2. Hence one end of the RPL and of ring controlled links, as shown in

Figure 13-2 has to be an IDU. It is recommended to have an IDU at each node to have the

flexibility to change the RPL. A ring node is built from two ODUs from adjacent links. The ODUs can be connected to either

an IDU or to a PoE device as in Figure 13-2. Port names in the IDU are shown.

Figure 13-2: Node with IDU and PoE device

Connect the switch at the site only to one IDU.

Note

The switching function is carried out by the IDU-Cs and IDU-Es, both of which provide Layer 2 support (see Chapter 14).

Special Case: 1 + 1 Ethernet Redundancy

The same device may be used to provide economic 1 +1 redundancy for a single link. A 1+1 Ethernet is a ring with two nodes. One of the links is RPL.

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The equipment in a 1+1 Ethernet installation is as follows:

Figure 13-3: 1+1 Ethernet

Figure 13-4: Using IDU-C or IDU-E with PoEs for the RPL

Notice that link content drops from four PoEs plus two switches to two PoEs and two IDU-Cs or IDU-Es.

Using RADWIN Manager to Set up a Ring

Creating a Ring using RADWIN Manager requires two stages:

6. Set up each participating link separately, in the usual way

7. For each link, run the Configuration wizard to define it as RPL or a Ring Link

• The Ring uses a VLAN ID for the RPL. It is used to manage the Ring and nothing else; it is completely separate from the management and traffic VLANs referred to elsewhere

Note

Here then, is step 2 in more detail:

• A regular Ring Link may be a member of up to four rings and each of their RPL VLAN IDs must be configured

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 To integrate a link into an Ethernet Ring:

1. Using either the Installation or Configuration wizards, navigate to the Services window and chose the Ring tab.

Figure 13-5: Services window with Ring selected

2. Click Configure. The Ring definition window is displayed. The default is Independent Link and is used when the link is not part of any Ring.

Figure 13-6: Ring Options

3. To configure the link as a regular Rink link, click Rink Link (Non- RPL) and enter the ring LAN VIDs (at least one) to which it belongs and click OK:

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Figure 13-7: Configuring Ring LAN VIDs

4. To configure the link as RPL, click Ring Protection Link (RPL) and enter its Ring VID.

Figure 13-8: Configuring RPL VIDs

5. Enter the minimum times for failure detection and recove ry. For dual-homed configurations, where part of the ring goes through the core, if a

core segment fails, the core should be allowed to recover before the RPL enters Protection State. Otherwise, it could happen that both the core and the RADWIN ring will switch in parallel. You should therefore, configure a Mi nimum time for failure detection high enough to take this possibility into account.

The Minimum time for recovery is a delay switch to prevent r a pid “on-o ff” fluctuations. It functions like a delay switch use to protect electrical devices from rapid “on-off” power fluctuations, which in this context, may lead to potential short term loops.

6. Click OK to accept your settings.

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The RPL will be clearly indicated in the RADWIN Manager. In the Link status area on the top left, you will see an Ethernet (Blocked) notice:

A Link-Idle message is displayed on the Ethernet Services Bar:

When the RPL cuts in as a result of a failure, the “Ethernet (Blocked)” notice disappears. The Ethernet Services Bar indicated that the RPL is active:

Upon restoration of the broken link, the RPL returns to idle status with the appropriate indications on the RADWIN Manager main window.

On the status bar for all ring member links, you will see the ring membership indicator icon:

• Do not configure more than one RPL. If you do, you will break the Ring

Caution

• If you forget to configure one RPL in a Ring, you will introduce a loop into your network

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Chapter 14

VLAN Functionality with

RADWIN 2000

VLAN Tagging - Overview

VLAN Terminology

Both the technical literature and the RADWIN Manager use the terms VLAN ID and VID interchangeably to denote a VLAN identification number.

VLAN Background Information on the WEB

The standards defining VLAN Tagging are IEEE_802.1Q and extensions. For general background about VLAN see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_LAN. Background information about Double Tagging also known as QinQ may be found here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/802.1QinQ.

VLAN Tagging

VLAN tagging enables multiple bridged networks to transparently share the same physical network link without leakage of information between networks:

Figure 14-1: Two network using the same link with tagging

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QinQ (Double Tagging) for Service Providers Chapter 14

IEEE 802.1Q is used as the encapsulation protocol to implement this mechanism over Ethernet networks.

QinQ (Double Tagging) for Service Providers

QinQ is useful for Service Providers, allowing them to use VLANs internally in their “tr ansport network” while mixing Ethernet traffic from clients that are already VLAN-tagged.

Figure 14-2: Separating client data streams using double tagging

The outer tag (representing the Provider VLAN) comes first, followed by the inner tag. In QinQ the EtherType = 0x9100. VLAN tags may be stacked three or more deep.

When using this type of “Provider Tagging” you should keep the following in mind:

• Under Provider Tagging, the system double-tags egress frames towards the Provider’s network. The system adds a tag with a VLAN ID and EtherType = 0x9100 to all frames, as configured by the service provider (Provider VLAN ID).

• The system always adds to each frame, tags with VLAN ID and EtherType = 0x9100. Therefore,

• For a frame without a tag – the system will add a tag with VLAN ID and EtherType = 0x9100 so the frame will have one tag

• For a frame with a VLAN tag – the system will add a tag with VLAN ID and EtherType = 0x9100 so the frame will be double-tagged

• For a frame with a VLAN tag and a provider tag – the system will add a tag with VLAN ID and EtherType = 0x9100 so the frame will be triple-tagged and so on

VLAN Untagging

VLAN Untagging means the removal of a VLAN or a Provider tag.

Port Functionality

The VLAN functionality is supported by all LAN and SFP ports in the IDU. Each port can be configured how to handle Ethernet frames at the ingress direction (where

frames enter the IDU) and at the egress direction (where frame exit the IDU). The configuration is independent at each port.

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Ingress Direction

Table 14-1: Port settings - Ingress direction

Transparent The port ‘does nothing’ with regard to VLANs - inbound frames are left untouched.

Frames entering the port without VLAN or QinQ tagging are tagged with VL AN ID and Priorit y are pre-configured by the user. Frames which are already tagged at ingress are not modified.

Tag

a. Priority Code Point (PCP) which refers to the IEEE 802.1p priority. It indicates the frame priority

level from 0 (lowest) to 7 (highest), which can be used to prioritize different classes of traffic (voice, video, data, etc).

Egress Direction

Table 14-2: Port settings - Egress direction

, which

Transparent The port ‘does nothing’ with regard to VLANs - outbound frames are left untouched.

All frames are untagged.

Untag all

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Table 14-2: Port settings - Egress direction (Continued)

Untags only frames tagged with one of the user defined VIDs. You can define up to eight VIDs per port. Other frames are not modified.

Untag selected VIDs

This setting allows for mutual filtering of multiple ingress tags not relevant at the egress end:

Filtered VLAN IDs at egress

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VLAN Availability Chapter 14

Table 14-2: Port settings - Egress direction (Continued)

With Provider tagging, the system double- tags egress frames towards the provider’s network. All frames are tagged QinQ with a VLAN ID, which is configured by the service provider (Provider VLAN ID).

Provider tagging

Provider tagging without filter

With this setting, ingress frames which are not tagged with the configured Provider VLAN ID are blocked (filtered).

Note: Each port can be configured independently to a tagging mode. How e ver, only a single Provider VLAN ID can be defined per IDU.

This setting functions like Provider tagging. However, all ingress frames are passed through.

VLAN Availability

VLAN is available for links using either WinLink 1000 or RADWIN 2000 radios. VLAN support requires the use of IDU-Cs or new style IDU-Es.

VLAN Configuration Using the RADWIN Manager

VLAN IDs are used by RADWIN products in three separate contexts: Management VLAN, Traffic VLAN and Ethernet Ring. It is recommended that

Caution

Disclaimer

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 14-5

you use different VLAN IDs for each context.

If you are not a VLAN expert, please be aware that incorrect VLAN configuration may cause havoc on your network. The facilities described below are offered as a service to enable you to get best value from your RADWIN 2000 links and are provided “as is”. Under no circumstances does RADWIN accept responsibility for network system or financial damages arising from incorrect use of these VLAN facilities.

Management Traffic and Ethernet Service Separation Chapter 14

Management Traffic and Ethernet Service Separation

You can define a VLAN ID for management traffic separation. You should configure the system to prevent conflicts as detailed below.

When configured for the default operational mode, a “Provider port” will handle ingress traffi c as follows:

• Filters frames that are not tagged with the Provider VLAN ID

• Removes the Provider double tag

Therefore, if a port is configured for management tr affic separ ation by VL AN and as ‘Pro vider port’, then the received management frames must be double tagged as follows:

• The outer tag has to be the Provider’s tag (so the frame is not filtered)

• The internal tag has to be management VLAN ID

To avoid mix-ups, best practic e is to:

• Separate the management and data ports

• Define only a data port with Provider function

All IDU-C and new style IDU-E models have two LAN ports so you can easily separate management and Ethernet service.

VLAN Tagging for Ethernet Service: Configuration

VLAN Configuration is carried out per site. It is up to you to ensure consistency between the link sites. The discussion below is based on Site A however, it also applies to Site B.

To set up VLAN tagging for Ethernet service, enter Site Configuration for Site A, choose the Ethernet tab and click the VLAN Configuration... button (Figure 8-15). The following window is displayed:

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VLAN Tagging for Ethernet Service: Configuration Chapter 14

Figure 14-3: VLAN tag settings

If you are using a new style IDU-E, the SFP row will not appear.

Note

The choices for Ingress Mode are -

Figure 14-4: VLAN: Ingress modes

The two choices correspond respectively to the two rows of Table 14-1. Choosing Tag causes the VLAN ID and VLAN Priority fields to become available:

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VLAN Tagging for Ethernet Service: Configuration Chapter 14

Figure 14-5: VLAN: Ingress mode - setting VLAN ID and Priority

Throughout this chapter, all VLAN IDs must be between 1 and 4094, inclusive. All VLAN priorities must be between 0 and 6, inclusive. The values

Note

The choices for Egress Mode are -

entered are range-checked. If for example, you enter a VLAN ID of 4095, then 4094 will be reflected back.

Figure 14-6: VLAN: Egress modes

The five non-transparent choices correspond respectively to the five rows of Table 14-2 in the order, row 1, 2, 4, 5, 3.

The first two choices, Transparent and Untag all require no further action. Untag selected VIDs causes the eight VLAN ID fields to become available:

Figure 14-7: Untagging selected VIDs

You ma y nominate up to eight VIDs for untagging; beyond simple r ange checking, there is no other validation.

Both Provider tagging and Provider tagging without filter enable the Provider parameters fields:

Figure 14-8: Provider parameters

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VLAN Tagging for Ethernet Service: Configuration Chapter 14

There is of course only one Provider VLAN ID. It is most likely yours, as the Provider! Filtered VLAN IDs enables you to filter and block only frames tagged with one of the user

defined VIDs. You can define up to eight VIDs per port. Other frames are not modified and are forwarded transparently.

When you are finished, remember to click OK (Figure 14-3) to save your entries.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 14-9

Chapter 15

Software Upgrade

What is the Software Upgrade Utility?

The RADWIN Manager provides a Software Upgrade Utility (SWU) to upgrade the software (firmware) of installed ODUs in a network. The update files may be located anywhere accessible by the operator.

The SWU provides for:

• Prior backup of the current files prior to upgrade

• Upgrade from a list

• Delayed upgrade

• Various ODU reset options

The default location of the software files is in the installation area, and can be used to restore factory defaults.

The following procedure is generic to all RADWIN radio and GSU products.

Note

Upgrading an Installed Link

To upgrade software for a link:



1. In the RADWIN Manager main menu, click Tools | Software Upgrade ... The following detached window appears

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Upgrading an Installed Link Chapter 15

Figure 15-1: Software Upgrade Utility - Main window

The default sites shown in the Software Upgrade list panel belong to the currently link. The list may be empty if you are running the RADWIN Manager “offline”.

What follows about adding sites manually or from a list file, assumes that all sites to be upgraded are of the same type - either WinLink 1000 or RADWIN

Warning

2. Click Add Site to add additional sites for upgrade.

2000. but not both. This will not work with a mixed list.

Figure 15-2: Add site options

Click Add Single Site for one site only:

Figure 15-3: Adding a single site for upgrade

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Upgrading an Installed Link Chapter 15

Enter the IP address of the site, the Community strings (Default:

man

, respectively) and then click OK. The site will appear in the Software Upgrade list box. For example if we add the site at IP address 192.168.2.101, the SWU main window of Figure 15-1 looks like this:

public

and

net-

Figure 15-4: Single site added for upgrade

The list can be cleared using the Clear All button. As an alternative to adding sites one at a time, you can add sites from a prepared list

using the Add from File option in Figure 15-2. The list has the following format:

Here is an example:

192.168.1.101,public,netman

192.168.1.102,public,netman

192.168.2.101,public,netman

192.168.2.102,public,netman

3. Having created an update list, click Upgrade Package to chose the relevant files. The default files are located in the SWU subdirectory in the RADWIN Manager installation area. They are currently named SWU_1k.swu and SWU_2k.swu. You may have to find them elsewhere, depending on your system.

4. You make limited changes to the list by right-clicking any line:

Figure 15-5: Software Upgrade site options

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Upgrading an Installed Link Chapter 15

5. To back up your existing system, check Backup device software check-box. Then click the button for a standard file dialog. The default location is the My Docu-

ments directory on the managing computer or the last backup directory you used.

The backup here is the same as that in page 8-32, and serves the same purpose. It provides a fallback if the upgrade proves problematic.

Note

6. In addition to the previous step, you may opt to perform a delayed upgrade. Check the Delayed Upgrade box, and enter the date and time for the delayed upgrade.

7. The radio buttons on the right determines how your sites should be reset. Bear in mind that on the one hand, a reset involves a service interruption, but on the other hand, the software upgrade will not become effective until after the reset is carried out.

8. Click Start Upgrade to commence the process. For an immediate upgrade you will be able to observe the upgrade progress fr om the green progress bars:

Figure 15-6: Software upgrade in progress - Note the stop button

Figure 15-7: Software upgrade completed successfully

9. Click Close to exit.

10. If you requested a delayed upgrade, a notice like this will appear in the SWU title bar:

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Software Update for GSUs Chapter 15

If one or both sites fail to update, a warning notice will be displayed. If one site of a link updates but the other fails, you should correct the

Caution

problem and update the second site as soon as possible. If you do not, following the next reset of the updated site, you could experience a link software mismatch which may affect service. See page 9-3 for details.

Software Update for GSUs

All GSUs in a distributed site can be updated simultaneously. Use an IP list as described above.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 15-5

Chapter 16

FCC/IC DFS Installation

Procedure

FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Links: Background

The FCC/IC regulation for 5.4/5.3 GHz allows unlicensed wireless data equipment, provided that it does not interrupt radar services. If radar activity is detected, the equipment must automatically change frequency channel. This feature is termed Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS). According to the standard, a channel with active radar is prohibited from use for 30 minutes. Before using a channel for transmission, the radio equipment must probe it for radar signals for a period of 60 seconds.

RADWIN radio products support DFS as well as ACS. An immediate consequence of the FCC/IC regulation for 5.4/5.3 GHz is that the standard

method of link installation using a single default fixed installation channel, cannot be used. Instead of the installation procedure of Chapter 5, a link activation method is used. The ODUs are either supplied from the factory ready for use at 5.4 GHz or 5.3 GHz FCC/IC or

alternatively, they can be set up for these bands using the RADWIN Manager.

The following procedure is generic to all relevant RADWIN radio products. What you see on your running RADWIN Manager may differ in some details

Note

from the screen captures used to illustrate this chapter.

FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Activation

To Activate a FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link:



1. Install RADWIN Manager software as usual.

2. Connect the PC to the IDU-ODU pair to be used as the local site.

3. Run the RADWIN Manager and log in as Installer. You will see the following window:

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FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Activation Chapter 16

Figure 16-1: Activating an ODU - Inactive link

When the Manager Main Screen is displayed it appears with the Link Status label red and showing Inactive.

4. Click Site:Location | Air Interface for the logged in site.

5. The Air Interface dialog box opens:

Figure 16-2: Air Interface dialog box

6. Enter the Link ID and note it for use with the second site of the link.

7. Check the Master radio button.

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FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Activation Chapter 16

8. Click OK. The following window appears:

Figure 16-3: The local ODU after activation - Probing

Notice that the Link ID is shown in the Link details pane (circled).

9. Repeat the above procedure for the remote ODU, ensuring that in the Air Interface window, that you enter exactly the same Link ID, but this time that you check the Slave radio button.

If both ODUs are powered up, after a minute or so a link will be established. If you are still connected to the remote site (from the previous steps), the window of

Figure 16-3 will look like this:

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FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Configuration Chapter 16

Figure 16-4: Both sites activated and awaiting configuration

FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Configuration

The Configuration procedure may be carried out from either site using the Configuration wizard as shown in Chapter 7.

Both sites in a FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link must be configured

Note

The only difference is in the Channel Settings window:

identically.

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FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Configuration Chapter 16

Figure 16-5: Channel Select dialog box - ACS permanently enabled

ACS cannot be disabled.

Note

Upon completion of the wizard, the Site configuration dialogs can be used in the usual way. Once operational, the RADWIN Manager window is the same as for othe r radio equipment models.

Here is the RADWIN Manager main window upon completion of the wizard:

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FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz Link Configuration Chapter 16

Figure 16-6: FCC/IC 5.4/5.3 GHz operational

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 16-6

RADWIN 2000

Broadband Wireless Transmission System

USER MANUAL

RELEASE 2.5.40

Part 4: Field Installation

Topics

UM 2000-2540/02.11

Chapter 17

Pole and Wall Installation

ODU Mounting Kit Contents

Table 17-1: Bill of Materials: ODU mounting kit

Item Qty

Large Clamp (see Figure 17-1)1 Small Clamp (see Figure 17-2)1 Arm (see Figure 17-3)1 Screw hex head M8x40 4 Screw hex head M8x70 2 Washer flat M8 4 Washer spring M8 3 M8 Nuts 2

Figure 17-1: Large Clamp Figure 17-2: Small Clamp Figure 17-3: Arm

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Mounting an ODU on a Pole Chapter 17

Mounting an ODU on a Pole

Figure 17-4: Mounting on a pole

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Mounting an ODU on a Wall Chapter 17

Mounting an ODU on a Wall

Figure 17-5: Mounting on a Wall

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Mounting an External Antenna Chapter 17

Mounting an External Antenna

Optional external antennas can be mounted on a pole. The external mounting kit varies according to the specific antenna model.

Mounting a Connectorized ODU Horizontally

What follows applies to both WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 with obvious differences. An ODU may be mounted horizontally as shown in Figure 17-6.

 To mount an ODU horizontally, observe the following cautions:

1. To ensure your warranty rights for horizontally installed ODUs, make sure that the four ports ANT1, ANT2, HSS and ODU are firmly secured or moisture sealed with the supplied caps.

2. Further, ensure that cables are connected using a “water nose” as shown in

Figure 17-6.

Figure 17-6: Mounted ODUs with correct “water nose”

Do not do this:

Figure 17-7: Incorrectly mounted ODU (No “water nose”)

3. If you attach an external PoE device near the ODU, the same considerations apply.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 17-4

Chapter 18

Lightning Protection and

Grounding Guidelines

Meticulous implementation of the guidelines in this chapter will provide best protection against electric shock and lightning.

100% protection is neither implied nor possible.

Warning

This chapter is at best a guide. The actual degree of lightning protection

Note

The RADWIN Lightning Protection System consists of the following components:

required depends on local conditions and regulations.

• Grounding for the antenna coax cable

• Grounding for each IDU and ODU

• External Primary Surge Suppressor units and grounding for the outdoor cable

• Internal ESD protection circuits over the Power/Telecom lines

Grounding for Antenna Cable

A Grounding Kit must be connected to the coax antenna cable and reliably grounded. The grounding kit is an Andrew Type 223158-2 (www.andrew.com). See Figure 18-1 below.

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Grounding for Indoor/Outdoor Units Chapter 18

Figure 18-1: Grounding antenna cables

Grounding for Indoor/Outdoor Units

ODU Grounding

RADWIN Lightning Protection System uses a Shielded CAT-5e cable to interconnect the Outdoor (ODU) and Indoor (IDU) units.

However, this shielding does not provide a good lightning discharge path, since it can not tolerate the high Lightning Current surges.

To provide an alternate Lightning Discharge path, the ODU and antenna grounding posts should be connected to ground point by a 10 AWG short copper wire.

The device should be permanently connected to ground.

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IDU Grounding Chapter 18

IDU Grounding

The IDU’s grounding post should be connected to the internal ground point, using a grounding wire of at least 10 AWG. The grounding wire should be connected to a grounding rod or the building grounding system.

The device should be permanently connected to ground.

External Lightning Surge Suppressors and Grounding

A Grounding Kit and Surge Arrestor Unit must be located near the ODU and properly grounded as illustrated in Figures 18-2 and 18-3 below:

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External Lightning Surge Suppressors and Grounding Chapter 18

Figure 18-2: Grounding a typical pole installation

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External Lightning Surge Suppressors and Grounding Chapter 18

Figure 18-3: Grounding a typical wall installation

The next figure shows a close-up of the rear of grounded ODU:

Figure 18-4: ODU Surge Suppressor and grounding

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External Lightning Surge Suppressors and Grounding Chapter 18

The Transtector protection circuits shown in Figure 18-5 below, utilize silicon avalanche diode technology. The unit consists of an outdoor rated NEMA 3R type enclosure with easy mounting flanges, ground stud attachment and easy wiring.

The ALPU-POE features RJ-45 protection circuits f or the ODU- IDU data pair s (pins 1,2 & 3,6) and DC power (pins 4,5 & 6,7 with the pairs bonded).

The unit is designed to be wall mounted. An optional set of bracket is available from the manufacturer to allow a wide range of pole mount applications. A dedicated ground stud is provided inside the unit that must be bonded to the nearest grounding system (or Master Ground bar) for proper surge protection.

The system wiring is installed with RJ-45 type connectors that can feed directly into the chassis without having to cut, splice or route through awkward strain relief holes.

Figure 18-5: Transtector’s Surge Suppressor

 To mount the lightning protection devices:

1. Mount the device as close to the ODU as possible. Mount the unit so that the cable connectors are at the bottom (to prevent water from penetrating), with the strain reliefs facing the ground.

2. Remove the cover by unscrewing the front of the unit.

3. Mount the unit to an outside surface using the two mounting holes.

4. Connect the ODU-IDU cable using the RJ-45 jack.

5. Connect one cable between the ODU and the suppressor using an RJ-45 jack.

6. Connect the suppressor’s ground stud to a grounding point. Use the appropriate wire gauge and type, keeping the wire as short as possible, less than 1m (3’), between the stud and the site grounding point.

7. Replace the cover.

There may also be regulatory requirements to cross bond the ODU-IDU CAT5e cable at regular intervals up the mast. This may be as frequent as every

Note

10 meters (33 feet).

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External Lightning Surge Suppressors and Grounding Chapter 18

A second Surge Arrestor Unit should be mounted at the building entry point and must be grounded, as shown in Figure 18-3 above.

 To mount the lightning protection at the building entry point:

1. Mount the device outside the building, located as near as possible to the entrance of the CAT-5e ODU-IDU cable. Mount the unit so that the cable connectors are at the bottom (to prevent water from penetrating), with the str ain reliefs facing the ground.

2. Remove the cover by unscrewing the front of the unit.

3. Mount the unit to an outside surface using the two mounting holes.

4. Connect the ODU-IDU cable using the RJ-45 jack.

5. Connect one cable between the IDU and the suppressor using an RJ-45 jack.

7. Replace the cover

Figure 18-6: Surge Suppressor and grounding at building entry point

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Internal ESD Protection circuits Chapter 18

Internal ESD Protection circuits

RADWIN equipment is designed to meet the ETSI/FCC/Aus/NZ/CSA EMC and Safety requirements. To fulfill these requirements, the system's Telecom lines at the ODU/IDU are Transformer-isolated and include internal ESD (Electro-Static-Discharge) Protection circuits.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 18-8

Chapter 19

Preloading an ODU with

an IP Address

Why this is Needed?

All ODUs supplied by RADWIN come pre-configured with an IP address of 10.0.0.120. For use in a network, the ODUs must be configured with suitable static IP addresses. The method for doing this under office conditions is set out in Chapter 5.

There are two situations under which ODUs may need to be pre-loaded with an IP address prior to installation to a link:

• Changing an individual ODU in the field

• Preparing a large number of ODUs in a warehouse prior to deployment in the field, according to a network installation plan.

This chapter explains how do this.

Required Equipment

The minimal equipment required to pre-load an ODU with an IP address is:

• Laptop computer (managing computer) satisfying the requirements of Table 4-1

• An installed copy of the RADWIN Manager

• A PoE device

• A crossed Ethernet LAN cable

• An IDU-ODU cable

• If you have connectorized ODUs, two N-type RF terminators

Do not carry out this procedure using a multi homed managing computer also connected to a network. It will flood the network with broadcast

Caution

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 19-1

packets. Further, it will throw any other links on the network into Installation mode.

The procedure Chapter 19

The procedure

The following procedure is generic to all RADWIN radio products. What you see on your running RADWIN Manager may differ in some details from the

Note



To Preolad an ODU with an IP address:

1. Using the IDU-ODU cable, connect the PoE device to the ODU, ensuring that the cable is plugged into the PoE port marked P-LAN-OUT.

2. For connectorized ODUs, screw the RF terminators into the two antenna ports.

screen captures used to illustrate this chapter.

A powered up ODU emits RF radiation from the antenna port (or connected antenna). When working with a powered up connectorized ODU, always use RF terminators.

Warning

3. Connect the Poe device to AC power.

4. Using a crossed LAN cable, connect the LAN-IN port of the PoE device to the Ethernet port of the managing computer. The ODU will commence beeping at about once per second, indicating correct operation.

5. Launch the RADWIN Manager.

6. At the log on window, choose Local Connection.

For an ODU with an integrated antenna, ensure that the antenna is always directed away from other people.

Figure 19-1: Log on Window for Local Connection

7. Enter the default password, main window appears:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 19-2

admin

. After a few moments, the RADWIN Manager

The procedure Chapter 19

Figure 19-2: Opening RADWIN Manager window prior to installation

8. Click the un-grayed Site:Location button. The following dialog window appears:

Figure 19-3: Configuration Dialog Box

9. Click the Management item in the left hand panel. The following window is presented:

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The procedure Chapter 19

Figure 19-4: Management Addresses - Site Configuration dialog box

10. Enter the IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway as requested. For example, the ODU used here is to be configured as follows:

Figure 19-5: ODU with IP Addressing configured

11. Click OK. You are asked to confirm the change:

Figure 19-6: Confirmation of IP Address change

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 19-4

The procedure Chapter 19

12. Click Yes to accept the change. After about half a minute the changes will be registered in the ODU. On the left hand panel of the main window, you will see the new IP configuration for the ODU.

Figure 19-7: Main Window after IP Address change

Some additional things you may want to do now:

•Go to Site Installation | Air Interface. You can enter a Link ID

Note

13. Click Cancel to leave the open Management dialog. You may now exit the RADWIN Manager, or connect to another ODU. If you choose to connect to another ODU, after about a minute, the main window of the RADWIN Manager will revert to that shown in Figure 19-2 above. In any event, power down the changed ODU; your changes will take effect when you power it up again.

Don’t forget to remove the RF terminators from a connectorized ODU after powering it down.

and change the Installation Frequency and Channel Bandwidth.

• If you log on as Installer, you can change the default band (Chapter

20).

Note

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Tip: How to Recover a Forgotten ODU IP Address Chapter 19

Tip: How to Recover a Forgotten ODU IP Address

If you have an ODU with lost or forgotten IP address, use the abov e pro cedure to log o n to it using Local Connection. The IP address will appear in the left hand status area:

Figure 19-8: Existing IP address displayed after log-on with Local Connection

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 19-6

Chapter 20

Changing the Factory

Default Band

Why this is Needed

All ODUs supplied by RADWIN come with pre-configured with a factory default productdependent band according to the ODU part number.

For ODUs supporting Multi-band, it may be changed using the procedure in this chapter. The procedure is generic, applying to all ODUs with the Multi-band feature.

• If for some reason the default band needs to be changed, it should be done before link installation.

Caution

• Use of an incorrect band may be in violation of local regulations.

Required Equipment

The minimal equipment required to change an ODU default band is:

• Laptop computer (managing computer) satisfying the requirements of Table 4-1.

• An installed copy of the RADWIN Manager

• A PoE device

• A crossed Ethernet LAN cable

• An IDU-ODU cable

The procedure

The following procedure is generic to all relevant RADWIN radio products. What you see on your running RADWIN Manager may differ in some details

Note



To change the factory default band:

1. Using the IDU-ODU cable, connect the PoE device to the ODU, ensuring that the cable is plugged into the PoE port marked P-LAN-OUT.

from the screen captures used to illustrate this chapter.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-1

The procedure Chapter 20

2. Connect the Poe device to AC power.

3. Using a crossed LAN cable, connect the LAN-IN port of the P oE device to the Ethernet port of the managing computer. The ODU will commence beeping at about once per second, indicating correct operation.

4. Launch the RADWIN Manager.

5. Log on as Installer.

Figure 20-1: Becoming Installer

6. Enter the default password, main window appears:

wireless

. After a few moments, the RADWIN Manager

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-2

The procedure Chapter 20

Figure 20-2: Opening RADWIN Manager window prior to band change (default circled)

7. Click Tools | Change Band. The following window appears:

Figure 20-3: Change Band dialog

The bands appearing in Figure 20-3 are product dependent. To see which bands are available for your product, check your product Inventory (see

Note

Figure 8-8) and then consult RADWIN Customer Support.

8. Click the band required:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-3

The procedure Chapter 20

Figure 20-4: A different band selected

9. The Change Band warning is displayed. Click Yes to continue.

Figure 20-5: Change Band confirmation

The change, which may take some time, is carried out:

The result is reflected in the RADWIN Manager main window:

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Changing Band for DFS Chapter 20

Figure 20-6: Main Window after band change - new band circled

If you carry out this operation on a link, the band is effective on both sites

Note

and you are placed in installation mode.

Changing Band for DFS

Changing to a DFS band is similar to the foregoing procedure. As soon as you establish a link using a DFS band, you are offered Configuration only in the

main menu. Installation mode is disabled.

Special Products or Features: Entering a License Key

If you go to the Operations window as Installer (Figure 20-7), you will see a provision for entering a license key. Should you ever require such a key, the procedure is as follows:

 To enter a License key:

1. Log on as Installer (as for the previous procedure).

2. Click the Site:Location tool bar button from the main tool bar.

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Provisions for Licensed 3.X and 2.5 GHz Bands Chapter 20

Figure 20-7: Using the Operations window to enter a license key

3. Enter your license key and click Activate.

4. When it is accepted, click Cancel.

License keys, where appropriate, are obtainable from RADWIN Customer Support.

Note

Provisions for Licensed 3.X and 2.5 GHz Bands

Overview

3.X Bands

The new RADWIN 2000 C and RADWIN 2000 X series add additional bands in the 3.X GHz range to those in Release 2.5.00. The new supported bands fall into two categories: The first category consists of those falling under the ubiquitous FCC, IC or ETSI regulation. The second category is referred to as RADWIN Universal bands. These bands are known to be regulated but the numerous combinations of regulation and location preclude specific support.

Release 2.5.40 introduces support for the band 3.3-3.8 GHz as follows:

• FCC part 90 subpart Z and IC RSS-197 supporting 3.650-3.700 GHz

• 3.650 -3.675 GHz in Restricted mode

• Hardware ready for the Unrestricted Mode band operating in all 50 MHz of the

3.650-3.700 GHz band

• IC RSS-192 supporting 3.475 – 3.650 GHz

• ETSI 3.4 -3.7 GHz split into three sub-bands, 3.650-3.675 GHz, 3.475-3.650 GHz and

3.590-3.710 GHz

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Terminology Recap Chapter 20

• RADWIN Universal 3.300-3.800 GHz.

Integrated and connectorized products are available. All of them are multiple band with the default band being 3.650-3.675 GHz other than the ETSI 3.4 - 3.7 GHz models.

The new products may be operated under 5, 10 and 20 MHz channel bandwidths and are broadly compatible with the full feature set of RADWIN 2000.

To meet regulatory requirements, a somewhat different procedure is required to set up links using these bands.

2.5GHz Bands for BRS/EBS

The rationale for these bands and relevant details are described in Chapter 24. The installation method ids the same as for other licenced FCC bands as described below.

Terminology Recap

• 3.X Universal bands refer to RADWIN Universal bands as described above

• 3.X or 3.X GHz refers to the frequency range 3.300 – 3.800GHz

•A 3.X ODU is an ODU pre configured to operate in the 3.X GHz licensed bands

•A 3.X Link in a RADWIN 2000 link using a pair of 3.X ODUs

• High Resolution Bands - Channel minimum step is 250 KHz. Applies to 3.475 -

3.650 GHz IC RSS-192, 3.4 -3.7 GHz ETSI and the 3.3 - 3.8 GHz Universal band.

• Low Resolution Bands - Channel minimum step is 1 MHz. Applies to FCC regulations in the 3.650-3.675 GHz band.

• Inactive Mode - An ODU is powered up, in communication with a managing computer but not transmitting. It is required where regulation does not permit the use of RADWIN’s default Installation Mode f requency and channel bandwidth. The ODU ma y transmit using the licensed or registered band, channel bandwidth and permitted Tx power.

• Regular Mode - The usual default Installation Mode

Regulatory Considerations for 3.650-3.675 GHz FCC/IC part 90 sub part Z

Restricted Mode

The band is supported in accordance with 3.650-3.675 FCC/IC part 90 subpart Z: RADWIN Ltd. conforms to FCC DA 07-4605 (November 14, 2007) FCC-certified with FCC-ID:

Q3KRW2030 and supporting the following equipment requirements: “Restricted contention protocols can prevent interference only with other devices incorporat -

ing the same or similar protocols. Equipment using a restricted protocol can operate only on the lower 25 megahertz (3650-3675 MHz)."

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-7

Regulatory Considerations for 3.650-3.675 GHz FCC/IC part 90 sub part Z Chap-

Transmission power options

Table 20-1shows the extent of compliance by RADWIN 2000 C products to FCC/IC power

limits, having regards to antenna type and transmission power options.

Table 20-1: FCC/IC compliance by antenna and transmission power

Measured

Frequency Power

Antenna

21dBi INT

21dBi EXT (22dBi-

1dB feeder)

24dBi EXT (25 -

1dB feeder loss)

Nominal

CBW

5 MHz

10 MHz

20 MHz

5 MHz

10 MHz

20 MHz

5 MHz

10 MHz

20 MHz

Low Center

Frequency

Channel

[MHz]

3653 3672 11.14 14.14 35.14 3655 3670 14.46 17.46 38.46 3660 3665 17.36 20.36 41.36 3653 3672 11.14 14.14 35.14 3655 3670 14.46 17.46 38.46 3660 3665 17.36 20.36 41.36 3653 3672 8.65 11.65 35.65 3655 3670 11.36 14.36 38.36 3660 3665 13.73 16.73 40.73

High Center

Frequency

Channel

[MHz]

Max

Conducted Tx

Power per

Pole [dBm]

Total

Conducted

Max Tx Power

[dBm]

Max EIRP

[dBm]

Higher Transmission Power Options and Restrictions:

Table 20-2 defines the maximum transmission power and EIRP limits for the specified fre-

quency and channel bandwidths. It specifies the power limits to be used by the operator when assigning center frequencies.

Table 20-2: Higher T ransmission Power Limits

Nominal

CBW

5 MHz

10 MHz

20 MHz

Low Center

Frequency

Channel [MHz]

3653 3672 15.60 18.60 35.60 3655 3670 18.69 21.69 38.69 3656 3669 22.00 25.00 38.50 3660 3665 21.18 24.18 41.18 3661 3664 22.60 25.60 39.10

High Center

Frequency

Channel [MHz]

Max Conducted

Tx Power per

Pole [dBm]

Total Conducted

Max Tx Power

[dBm]

Max EIRP

[dBm]

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-8

Band Splitting for ETSI 3.4 - 3.7GHz Chapter 20

Availability Summary for FCC/IC and Universal 3.X GHz

Table 20-3: Availability for FCC/IC and Universal 3.X GHz

Products series

RADWIN 2000 C

RADWIN 2000 X

Occupied Band

GHz

3.650-3.675 FCC/IC Regular

3.475-3.650 IC

3.300-3.800 Universal Unlimited

3.650-3.675 FCC/IC Regular

3.475-3.650 IC

3.300-3.800 Universal Unlimited

Regulation Mode

Inactive 250

Channel Bandwidth MHz

5, 10, 20

Max Tx Power dBm

Frequency Step

KHz

1000

Band Splitting for ETSI 3.4 - 3.7GHz

The ETSI 3.4 - 3.7GHz band is split into three sub-bands reflecting the different Max Tx Power allowed in each one. The details are shown in below:

Table 20-4: Band split for ETSI 3.4-3.7GHz

Products series

Occupied Sub-Band GHz

3.403-3.490 3.413-

Center Frequency GHz

3.480

Mode

Channel Bandwidth MHz

Max Tx Power dBm

Frequency Step KHz

RADWIN 2000 C

RADWIN 2000 X

3.480-3.600

3.590-3.710

3.403-3.490 3.413-

3.590-3.710

3.600

3.480-3.600

3.600

-3.700 25(‡)

3.480

-3.700 25(‡)

Inactive 5, 10, 20

Inactive 5

23(†)

16 23(†)

2503.470-3.610

(†) The 3.480 GHz frequency is overlaped, occuring in two different bands as shown. If you wish to use the 3.480 GHz frequency, you should set Max TX Powerto 16 dBm.

Note

(‡) The 3.600 GHz frequency is overlaped, occuring in two different bands as shown. If you wish to use the 3.600 GHz frequency, you should set Max TX Powerto 23 dBm.

Using he RADWIN Manager to set up a 3.X or BRS Link

Inactive and Active Mode

Low Resolution Band 3.X ODUs may be installed and configured in the usual way. What follows applies to High Resolution Band ODUs. To ensure compliance with the relevant license, 3.X ODUs for IC, ETSI and Universal must be

configured from an inactive mode where the ODU is powered up, in communication with a managing computer but not transmitting.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-9

Using he RADWIN Manager to set up a 3.X or BRS Link Chapter 20

Setting up a link is a two stage procedure:

1. Activate the ODUs by individually by configuring the band, frequency and channel bandwidth for the license

2. Complete link configuration in the usual way

 To set up a 3.X or BRS ODU:

1. Log on to it as Installer (Operator sufficient for ETSI) and set the IP address as shown in Chapter 19.

2. Navigate to Site:Location|Air Interface and enter the Link ID for the ODU.

3. Click OK to dismiss the Site Configuration window. Answer Y es to the following popup message:

4. For ETSI models, skip to step 7 below . For all others, navigate to Tools|Change Band. The following window is displayed:

5. Choose the required band. For illustration, we will choose the IC band.

6. Click OK to continue and accept the notification message which appears:

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Using he RADWIN Manager to set up a 3.X or BRS Link Chapter 20

After a few seconds, the ODU goes into inactive mode:

7. Activate the ODU by navigating to Site:Location|Air Interface:

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Using he RADWIN Manager to set up a 3.X or BRS Link Chapter 20

8. Choose a frequency from the drop down list:

9. Enter Installation Mode and confirm your choice:

10. After a few moments of processing, you may click OK to dismiss the Site Configuration window. The ODU is now in normal Installation Mode:

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Using he RADWIN Manager to set up a 3.X or BRS Link Chapter 20

11. Repeat the above procedure for the second ODU in the link, ensuring that the Link ID is entered correctly and the same band is chosen.

12. From this point, you may install both ODUs in the field according to the procedures in this User Manual.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 20-13

Chapter 21

Link Budget Calculator

Overview

The Link Budget Calculator is a utility for calculating the expected performance of the RADWIN 2000 wireless link and the possible configurations for a specific link range.

The utility allows you to calculate the expected RSS of the link, and find the type of services and their effective throughput as a function of the link range and deployment conditions.

User Input

You are required to enter or choose the following parameters. Depending on the product, some of the parameters have a default value that cannot be changed.

• Band, which determines frequency and regulation

• Channel Bandwidth

• Tx Power (maximum Tx power per modulation is validated)

• Antenna Type (cannot be changed for ODU with integrated antenna)

• Antenna Gain per site (cannot be changed for integrated antenna)

• Cable Loss per site (cannot be changed for integrated antenna)

• Required Fade Margin

• Rate (and Adaptive check box)

• Service Type

• Required Range

Link Budget Calculator Internal Data

For each product (or Regulation and Band) the calculator stores the following data required for link budget calculations:

• Maximum Transmit power (per modulation)

• Receiver Sensitivity (per modulation) for Ethernet service and f or TDM services at various BER

• Maximum linear input power (used to calculate minimum distance)

• Antenna gain and cable loss for ODU with integrated antenna

• Available Channel Bandwidths

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-1

Calculations Chapter 21

EIRP TxPower AntennaGain

SiteA

CableLoss

SiteA

–+=

ExpectedRSS EIRP PathLoss AntennaGain

SiteB

CableLoss

SiteB

–+–=

PathLoss 32.45 20 frequency

MHz

20 RequiredRange



log+

log+=

ExpectedFadeM inarg ExpectedRSS Sensitivity–=

ExpectedRSS MaxInputPower

ExpectedRSS Sensitivity

ExpectedRSS Sensitivity RequiredFadeM inarg+

Availability

16–10

7–

 Cfactor frequency

GHz

 RequiredRange





ExpectedFadeM inarg–

------------------------------------------------------------



Calculations

EIRP

Expected RSS and Fade Margin

where:

Site A is the transmitting site Site B is the receiving site PathLoss is calculated according to the free space model,

where Sensitivity is dependent on air-rate.

Min and Max Range

MinRange is the shortest range for which per air-rate. MaxRange (with Adaptive checked) is the largest range for which

, at the highest air-rate for which this relationship is true. In a

link with adaptive rate this will be the actual behavior. MaxRange (for a given air-rate) is the largest range for which

Service

The Ethernet and configured TDM trunks throughput is calculated according to internal product algorithms.

Availability

The Service Availability calculation is based on the Vigants Barnett method which predicts the downtime probability based on a climate factor (C factor).

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-2

Antenna Height Chapter 21

0.6

300

frequency

GHz

-----------------------------------

d1d



d1d2+

-----------------------------------------------------------

ExpectedRange

-----------------------------------------

0.6

300

frequency

GHz

-----------------------------------

ExpectedRange

-----------------------------------------



ExpectedRange

-----------------------------------------

ExpectedRange

-----------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.52

ExpectedRange

frequency

GHz

-----------------------------------------

Mean

ExpectedRange

-----------------------------------------

+ R

Mean

–

Mean

6367.4425Km=

Antenna Height

The recommended antenna height required for line of sight is calculated as the sum the Fresnel zone height and the boresight height. See About the Fresnel Zone below. Using the notation of Figure 21-1 below, splitting

height

For the most conservative setting, we take the mid-point between the antennas, setting

which gives

at distance

from the left hand antenna, is given by

ExpectedRange

into

d1 + d

, the

Fresnel zone

simplifying to .

The

boresight clearance height

where .

is calculated as:

About the Fresnel Zone

The Fresnel zone (pronounced "frA-nel", with a silent “s”) is an elliptically shaped conical zone of electromagnetic energy that propagates from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna. It is always widest in the middle of the path between the two antennas.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-3

About the Fresnel Zone Chapter 21

Figure 21-1: Fresnel zone

Fresnel loss is the path loss occurring from multi-path reflection s from reflective surfaces such as water, and intervening obstacles such as buildings or mountain peaks within the Fresnel zone.

Radio links should be designed to accommodate obstructions and atmospheric conditions, weather conditions, large bodies of water, and other reflectors and absorbers of electromagnetic energy.

The Fresnel zone provides us with a way to calculate the amount of clearance that a wireless wave needs from an obstacle to ensure that the obstacle does not attenuate the signal.

There are infinitely many Fresnel zones located coaxially around the center of the direct wave. The outer boundary of the first Fresnel zone is defined as the combined path length of all paths, which are half wavelength (1/2 ) of the frequency transmitted longer than the direct path. If the total path distance is one wavelength (1 ) longer than the direct path, then the outer boundary is said to be two Fresnel zones. Odd number Fresnel zones reinforce the direct wave path signal; even number Fresnel zones cancel the direct wave path signal.

The amount of the Fresnel zone clearance is determined by the wavelength of the signal, the path length, and the distance to the obstacle. For reliability, point-to-point links are designed to have at least 60% of the first Fresnel zone clear to avoid significant attenuation.

The concept of the Fresnel zone is shown in Figure 21-1 above. The top of the obstruction does not extend far into the Fresnel zone, leaving 60% of the Fresnel zone clear; therefore, the signal is not significantly attenuated.

For more about Fresnel zone, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_zone.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-4

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Running the Link Budget Calculator

The Link Budget Calculator is supplied on the RADWIN Manager CD. It may be run standalone from the CD or from the RADWIN Manager application.

 To run the Link Budget Calculator from the CD:

1. Insert the RADWIN Manager CD into the drive on the managing computer. In the window which opens, click the Link Budget Calculator option.

2. If the CD autorun application does not start by itself, then point your browser to

Z:\RADWIN\Setup\DATA\Link Budget Calculator.htm

where Z should be replaced with your own CD drive name.

 To run the Link Budget Calculator from the RADWIN Manager:

• Choose Help | Link Budget Calculator from the main menu of the RADWIN Manager as in the following figure:

Figure 21-2: Accessing the Link Budget Calculator

However invoked, your browser displays the following page:

Figure 21-3: Link Budget window

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-5

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

• Microsoft Internet Explorer users may see a warning message like this:

Note

• Click the yellow bar and follow the instructions to allow blocked content.

 To use the Link Budget Calculator for RADWIN 2000:

1. Choose a band from the drop-down list.

Figure 21-4: Band selector

2. Chose the relevant RADWIN 2000 series.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-6

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Figure 21-5: RADWIN 2000 series selector

3. Choose the Channel Bandwidth.

Figure 21-6: RADWIN 2000 Channel Bandwidth selector

4. For a collocated link choose the RFP. Use the Help button to the right of the RFP selection box for help:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-7

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Figure 21-7: RFP Selector

Figure 21-8: RFP Selection Guide

For collocated RADWIN 2000 products, you may only use RFP B or E.

5. Enter the radio details. Note that Rate is chosen from a drop-down list:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-8

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Figure 21-9: Rate selector

If you choose Adaptive Rate, then the Rate list is unavailable as is the Climate factor list. Both of these quantities are calculated.

Note

The Rate shown, defines the air-interface rate in Mbps. The system operates in TDD mode and has the overhead of the air-interface protoco.l Thus, the Ethernet actual throughput is provided by the Ethernet Rate.

For a given air-rate, Ethernet throughput will decrease with increasing range due to propagation delay.

Note

The Fade margin is the minimum required for line-o- sight (LOS) conditions. For degraded link conditions, a larger Fade margin should be used.

The EIRP is given in dBm and Watts.

6. If the required range between the two link sites is known, you may enter it directly. Alternatively, you may enter the latitude and longitude of each site in the link, in which case the distance between them will be calculated and displayed.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-9

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Figure 21-10: Calculation of distance from site coordinates

For example, if you enter the following coordinates and press Set,

the range will be calculated and displayed:

If for example, we enter: Site A: 41.1°N lat 74.2°W Long Site B: 40.8°N lat 74.0°W Long

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-10

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

7. Click Set. The distance and link budget is calculated.

8. Located to the right of the green Coordinates button is a drop-down list of Climactic C Factor values. It is only available if you choose a non-adaptive rate.

Figure 21-11: Climactic C Factors

For help about what these mean, click the ? button to the right of the list in

Figure 21-11.

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Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

Figure 21-12: Climactic C Factor description

In Figure 21-13 we display a map of the world showing C Factor contours:

Figure 21-13: World map showing C Factor contours

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-12

Running the Link Budget Calculator Chapter 21

9. Click Calculate to obtain the required performance estimate.

Placing the cursor in any other calculated field will also update the calculated results.

Note

Figure 21-14: LBC - Results section

The Expected Performance parameters are calculated and displayed:

• Expected RSS - the expected RSS that the RADWIN Manager shows when the RADWIN 2000 ODUs are optimally aligned

• Services Type - max number of T1 or E1 trunks if “Max Trunks” is selected

• Ethernet Rate - maximum throughput available for the chosen parameter combination

• Antenna height for LOS – the minimum antenna height required for line-of-sight operation. It is the sum of the height required for boresight clearance due to the earth’s curvature plus the height required to clear the Fresnel zone

If the expected performance is not suitable for your application, try diff erent par ameters and repeat the calculation.

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 21-13

Chapter 22

Quick Install Mode

Why this is Needed

It may be required to temporarily suspend service traffic over a link without losing the link connection. The simplest way to do this is to place the link in Installation mode but without changing any configured parameters. Quick Install Mode is a “one click” method for doing this. The method is completely generic, working identically for both WinLink 1000 and RADWIN 2000 products.

Enabling Quick Install

By default, this feature is disabled.

 To enable Quick Install mode:

1. Log on to the RADWIN Manager, navigate to Tools | Preferences and click the Advanced tab:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 22-1

Using Quick Install Chapter 22

Figure 22-1: Preferences: Quick Install

2. Check the Enable Quick Install box and then OK. A new button is added to the main window toolbar:

Figure 22-2: New Install Mode button for Quick Install mode

Quick Install mode may be disabled by unchecking the Enable Quick Install box.

Using Quick Install

To suspend service traffic and enter Installation mode:



1. Click the Install mode button. You are offered a confirmatory message:

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 22-2

Using Quick Install Chapter 22

Figure 22-3: Change to Installation Mode cautionary message

2. Click Yes to continue. The link goes into Installation mode. The main window looks the same as if you had entered Installation mode in the usual way through one of the Site windows with the exception of the toolbar:

Figure 22-4: Service Mode button to resume link service traffic

3. When you are ready to resume normal service traffic, click the Service Mode button. The following cautionary message is displayed:

Figure 22-5: Resumption of services cautionary message

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 22-3

Using Quick Install Chapter 22

4. Click Yes to continue. The link will resume normal services with your last set configuration parameters provides that you did not change link parameters in a a way leading to sync loss.

It is also possible to change parameters in a way leading to service degradation. For example mis-configuring the number of antennas or transmission parameters at one side of the link may allow service to resume, but in a degraded fashion.

Yo u may only enter Quick Install mode from a configured link. If you set both sites back to factory settings and chose Quick Install, you will not be able to continue:

Note

RADWIN 2000 User Manual Release 2.5.40 22-4

Radwin RW2025 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual