RADWAG MAX 60 User Manual

User manual no.:
IMMU-11-02-03-14-ENG

MOISTURE
ANALYZER

MAX

SERIES

BALANCES AND SCALES

RADW AG 26 – 600 Radom, Bracka 28, POLAND
Phone: [phone], fax. [phone]

[e-mail]
www.radwag.com

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MARCH 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. TECHNICAL DATA .............................................................................. 6

2. GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION ................................................... 7

2.1. Definitions of signals and warning signs .................................. 7

2.1.1 Warning descriptions ......................................................... 7

2.1.2. Warning signs ................................................................... 7

2.2. Safety information .................................................................... 8

2.3. Intended use ........................................................................... 10

2.4. Inappropriate use ................................................................... 11

2.5. Principles of safety use .......................................................... 11

2.6. Warranty ................................................................................. 12

2.7. Monitoring metrological parameters of the instrument ........... 12

2.8. Data included in this user manual .......................................... 12

2.9. Staff competence ................................................................... 12

2.9.1. Protective clothing .................................................................. 13

3. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE .......................................................... 14

3.1. Delivery check ........................................................................ 14

3.2. Packaging ............................................................................... 14

4. UNPACKING, ASSEMBLING AND STARTUP ................................. 14

4.1. Assembling and place of use ................................................. 14

4.2. Unpacking .............................................................................. 15

4.3. Level setting ........................................................................... 16

4.4. Standard delivery components ............................................... 16

4.5. Cleaning ................................................................................. 16

4.6. Plugging to mains ................................................................... 16

4.7. Connecting peripheral equipment .......................................... 17

5. KEYBOARD ........................................................................................ 17

5.1. Moisture analyzer temperature stabilization period ............... 18

6. MOISTURE ANALYZER’S MEN U ..................................................... 18

7. USER MENU OPERATION ................................................................ 19

7.1. Menu operation using moisture analyzer keyboard ............... 20

7.2. Menu operation using external computer keyboard ............... 22

8. USER MENU ....................................................................................... 23

8.1. Moisture analyzer adjustment ................................................ 23

8.1.1. Adjustment ............................................................................. 23

8.1.2. User adjustment ..................................................................... 24

8.1.3. Adjustment test ....................................................................... 25

8.1.4. Temperature adjustment ........................................................ 25

8.1.5. Adjustment report printout ...................................................... 28

8.1.6. Drying test .............................................................................. 29

8.2. Determining content of a printout for GLP procedures .......... 31

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8.2.1. User ........................................................................................ 31

8.2.2. Project .................................................................................... 32

8.2.3. Parameters determining content of the GLP procedures....... 32

8.3. Date and time settings............................................................ 33

8.3.1. Setting date format ................................................................. 33

8.3.2. Setting time format ................................................................. 34

8.3.3. Setting time ............................................................................ 34

8.3.4. Setting date ............................................................................ 35

8.3.5. Setting displaying criteria for date and time ........................... 35

8.4. Setting moisture analyzer operating parameters ................... 35

8.4.1. Entering menu group P4 Readout .......................................... 35

8.4.2. Filter settings .......................................................................... 36

8.4.3. Autozero function ................................................................... 36

8.4.4. Previewing temperature value inside the drying chamber ..... 36

8.5. RS 232 Functions ................................................................... 37

8.5.1. RS 232 parameter settings .................................................... 37

8.6. Printouts ................................................................................. 38

8.6.1. Standard printout template ..................................................... 38

8.6.2. Non-standard printout templates ............................................ 39

8.6.3. Inserting text into strings ........................................................ 39

8.6.4. Printout selection .................................................................... 42

8.6.5. Enabling non-standard printout templates ............................. 43

8.6.6. Non-standard printout templates in drying mode ................... 43

8.7. Moisture analyzer parameter settings. ................................... 44

8.7.1. Entering menu group P7 Other .............................................. 44

8.7.2. Parameter settings ................................................................. 45

9. DRYING PROCESS WITH USE OF SHORTENED MENU ............... 47

9.1. Enabling shortened menu ...................................................... 47

9.2. Means of setting drying parameters: ...................................... 48

9.3. Means of drying process according to parameters set in the

shortened menu .................................................................................. 53

10. DRYING PROCESS WITH USE OF DRYING PROGRAM LIBRARY
57

10.1. Defining a drying procedure ................................................... 57

10.2. Entering name of a drying program ........................................ 58

10.3. Drying mode selection ............................................................ 59

10.4. Drying temperature setting ..................................................... 60

10.5. Auto switch off settings........................................................... 61

10.6. Setting the type of displayed and printed measurement result
61

10.7. Setting printout interval........................................................... 62

10.8. Setting size of a sample to be tested ..................................... 62

10.9. Setting a corrective coefficient ............................................... 63

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10.10. Restore default setting ........................................................... 64

°

10.11. Printout of software settings ................................................... 65

10.12. Saving drying mode settings in moisture analyzer’s permanent

memory ............................................................................................... 67

11. TESTING PROCEDURE USING A DRYING PROGRAM FROM THE

LIBRARY OF DRYING PROGRAMS ................................................. 68

12. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR A DRYING PROCESS .................... 69

12.1. Principles of humidity content determination in a moisture

analyzer ............................................................................................... 69

12.2. Sampling and preparation ...................................................... 70

13. SELECTION OF DRYING PARAMETERS ........................................ 72

13.1. Selecting optimum sample mass ........................................... 72

13.2. Influence of sample mass on measurement result repeatability
72

13.3. Drying temperature ................................................................. 73

13.4. Selecting a drying mode ......................................................... 74

13.5. Selecting drying time .............................................................. 75

13.6. Drying mode analysis ............................................................. 76

14. COOPERATION WITH A PRINTER OR A COMPUTER ................... 77

14.1. Connecting cables .................................................................. 77

15. LIST OF COMMANDS COMPUTER - BALANCE ............................. 78

16. USER GUIDELINES ........................................................................... 80

17. MOISTURE ANALYZER MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES .................... 81

17.1. Cleaning moisture analyzer components ............................... 81

17.2. Temperature sensor cleaning ................................................ 82

17.3. Replacing the fuses ................................................................ 83

17.4. Troubleshooting ...................................................................... 84

17.5. Error messages ...................................................................... 85

18. MEMORY OF CARRIED OUT MEASUREMENTS ............................ 86

19. MEANS OF USING A MOISTURE ANALYZER FOR DRYING IN
TEMPERATURE OVER 160

C .......................................................... 87

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1. TECHNICAL DATA

Reading interval of

moisture content

Repeatability of

reading

Drying

temperature range

max. 160 °C

max. 250 °C (WH)

infrared emitter

halogen (WH)

Auto switch off

options

4 modes: time defined, moisture content stabilization, time

optimized, manual

Working

temperature

Max height of

sample

Net weight /

Gross weight

Packaging

dimensions

Type

MAX 50/1

MAX 50 MAX 60

Reading interval 0,1 mg 1 mg

Max. capacity 50 g 60 g

0,0001% 0,001%

Tare range - 50 g - 60 g

Max. sample mass 50 g 60 g

moisture content

+/-0,05% (sample ~ 2g), +/-0,01% (sample ~10g)

Heating module

Drying modes 4 modes: standard, quick, step, mild

+10 °C ÷ +40 °C

Power supply 230V 50Hz AC / 420W

Display graphic (backlit)

5,1 / 6,6 kg

470 x 380 x 336 mm

20 mm

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2. GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING

Dangerous situations of high risk. These

CAUTION

Dangerous situations of low risk. These
situations can cause damage of the
instrument or its functions, loss of data as

ATTENTION

Important information related to the moisture

2.1. Definitions of signals and warning signs

Safety precautions are marked with special descriptions and warning signs.
They inform and warn a user of possible dangers. Ignoring the safety warnings
may cause injuries, damage of the moisture analyzer, its inappropriate
operation and errors of measurements.

2.1.1 Warning descriptions

situations can cause serious injuries or death
if the safety precautions are not taken.

well as minor or moderate body injuries.

analyser.

2.1.2. Warning signs

Electric shock ris k

Acid / Corrosion

Danger

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Flammable or explosive substances

Nominal voltage for a moisture analyzer is 230 VAC. It
means that safety usage precautions for low voltage

core power supply cable with grounding pin comes
If necessary, an extension cord can be used as long as it
the applicable standards and has a protective ground

Drying chamber cannot be opened during operation (drying
process). It is due to the fact that a halogen lamp and its

prevent heat from building up and to keep your analyzer
from

Toxic substances

Hot surfaces

2.2. Safety information CAUTION!

The use of moisture analyzer MA 3Y regardless of both, safety
information and user manual guidelines may cause health damage and
even death

WARNING:

devices must be abide by while operating the device.
Three­standard with a moisture analyzer.

meets
conductor. Intended disconnection of the grounding cable is

forbidden.

CAUTION:

glass shield may reach the temperature of up to 400 C.
When setting up the moisture analyzer leave enough space
to

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overheating. Leave about 20 cm around the instrument and

about 1 m above.

drying chamber: the sample itself, the drying chamber,

drying chamber), the moisture analyzer must be switched
Wait until all the components have cooled down. Do not

Same types of samples require taking particular safety precautions.

They can pose a danger for people and objects. It is always the user who
is liable for possible damages caused by the use of an inappropriate
sample.

Substances that release aggressive vapours (e.g. acids)
the heating process. In this case, it is recommended to

housing parts and cause corrosion.

solvents or releasing flammable or explosive gases or

mples apply the drying temperatures as

low as possible to prevent flames or explosion. During the
necessary to wear protective glasses and gloves. The
should be relatively small.

Air vents that are located in the housing cannot be covered,
sealed or blocked in any other way.
Do not put any flammable substances on, under or near the
moisture analyzer.
Be particularly careful when removing the sample from the

shields
and the pan can still be extremely hot.
In case of any maintenance work (cleaning the inside of the

off.
perform

any modification to the heating module.

CAUTION:
Corrosion

during
work wi th

small samples. Otherwise, vapours can condense on cold

WARNING:
Fire or explosion

Flammable or explosive substances, substances containing
vapours.

Perform a risk analysis when in doubt relating to the sample
characteristics before carrying out the procedure.
For this type of sa

analysis it is
samples

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Under no circumstances can the instrument be left

Unsupervised!

irritations (eyes, skin or respiratory system), illnesses or

WARNING:
Substances containing toxic and caustic or corrosive

components

Substances that release toxic gases or vapours can cause
even death. Dry such substances only in fume hood.

Under no circumstances should the instrument be used in an area with
any risk of explosion. The moisture analyzer is not designed to operate in
hazardous areas.

2.3. Intended use

A moisture analyzer MAX series is designed to determine relative moisture
content in small samples of various substances, determine dry mass content in
small samples and determine mass of weighed objects.
MAX series ensures fast and precise determination process of water content in
a tested sample, and application of a graphic display considerably simplifies
functioning, operation and carrying out measurement processes. Moisture
analyzer MAX series can be used to determine humidity content of different
materials.
At the initial stage of measurement, the device precisely determines the mass
of an object placed on instrument’s weighing pan. As mass reading is
stabilized, the sample is quickly heated by halogen lamps or IR emitters,
causing humidity evaporation from the tested sample. While sampling, the
moisture analyzer is continuously checking the decline of mass, and on
calculation, it displays current moisture content in a tested sample.
Compared to conventional methods of humidity content determination of
various substances, application of moisture analyzer MAX series considerably
shortens measurement time and simplifies testing procedure. The moisture
analyzer allows for setting multiple parameters which influence the procedure
of moisture content determination in a sample, such as: temperature, time,
drying modes, etc.

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2.4. Inappropriate use CAUTION!

Do not open the drying chamber during drying process. Moisture analyzer
features a halogen lamp which is a very powerful heat source. Thus, user
should pay special attention no to touch those elements of a moisture analyzer
that get hot while drying procedure (i.e.: disposable pan, pan handle, and inner
shields of the drying chamber).
Remember that some of tested samples may become dangerous if heated
(appearance of poisoning vapours, danger of ignition or explosion).
A moisture analyzer MAX series is not intended for dynamic weighing. Even if
small amounts of a sample are added to taken off the weighing pan, the mass
readout should be taken only on stabilization of measurement result
(appearance of stability pictogram on the display).
Do not place any magnetic materials on the weighing pan, as this can cause
damage of the measuring system of the instrument. Be sure to avoid impact
shock and overloading the moisture analyzer in excess of the prescribed
maximum measuring range (max capacity), minus any possible tare weight that
has been applied).

Never use the moisture analyzer in an environment endangered by an
explosion!

This moisture analyzer has not been adjusted for operation in explosive areas.
There must not be any modification made to the moisture analyzer.

2.5. Principles of safety use

Moisture analyzer is in accord with all binding safety regulations. Nevertheless
there are exceptional circumstances that may cause danger.
It is forbidden to open an instrument housing. Inside there are no parts that
would require maintenance, repair or replacement carried out by a user. In
case of any problems it is recommended to contact RADWAG service or a
distributor. It must be always remembered to use the device in accordance with
this service manual and especially to follow instructions on installation and
configuration of a new device.
Use of a moisture analyzer MA 3Y series conversely to safety principles and
user manual guidelines may be hazardous to operator’s health and life. It is
obligatory to acknowledge the safety principles listed in the user manual:

- use a moisture analyzer only to determine humidity content in
samples and determine mass of a tested sample. Any other use of
the moisture analyzer may be dangerous both to the device and the
user,

- before commissioning the moisture analyzer, make sure that the
nominal power of the device specified on its data plate, is compatible
with the supply in the mains to which the moisture analyzer will be
plugged in,

- replecemant of halogen lamps can only be carried out by
authorized service,

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- protect moisture analyzer against contacts with liquids, it might
lead to electrocution, fire, emission of substances containing toxic or
caustic vapour, emission of explosive substances.

2.6. Warranty

Warranty does not cover the following cases:

• Not observing the regulation listed in user manual,

• Using the moisture analyzer conversely to its intended use,

• Any modifications of moisture analyzer or cases when its housing is

opened (damaged protective s tick ers),

• Mechanical defects and defects caused by media, liquids, water and
natural wearing off,

• Improper placing of defects of electrical network / mains,

• Overloading of measuring mechanism of the moisture analyzer.

2.7. Monitoring metrological paramet ers o f the instr um ent

Metrological characteristics of the moisture analyzer requires periodical
inspection carried out by its operator. Inspection frequency is conditioned by
ambient conditions in which the moisture analyzer is used, types of performed
processes and accepted quality manageme nt sy stem in an organizat i on.

2.8. Data included in this user manual

Please read the user manual carefully before instrument’s plugging to mains
and startup, even if the user is experienced with this type of moisture
analyzers.

2.9. Staff competence

Moisture analyzer MA 3Y series should only be operated and maintained by
personnel who is trained and experienced in using this type of instruments.

In order to use the moisture analyzer, first read the user manual. Keep these
instructions for the future reference.

Do not make any structural modifications. Additional equipment, which can be
connected to the moisture analyzer, should be supplied by RADWAG or an
authorized distributor.

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2.9.1. Protective clothing

The use of protective clothing is highly recommended while working with the
instrument in order to take safety precautions against potential hazards
resulting from tested samples and ingredients.

Use the following while carrying out tests:

• protective apron,

• protective glasses,

• protective gloves (while working with hazardous chemical

substances).

Before the use of the above-mentioned protective clothing, make sure that they
are designed to be used with specific samples and they are not damaged.

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3. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

3.1. Delivery check

Please check the packaging immediately upon delivery and the device during
unpacking for any visible signs of external damage.

3.2. Packaging

Please retain all parts of the original packaging should the moisture analyzer
be transported in the future. Only the original packaging should be used for
dispatching the moisture analyzer. Before packing, disconnect all attached
cables and remove any loose/movable parts (weighing pan, shields, inserts).
Place moisture analyzer and its components in their original packaging, and
protect them against damage during transport.

4. UNPACKING, ASSEMBLING AND STARTUP

4.1. Assembling and place of use

* A moisture analyzer should be stored and used in locations free of vibrations

and shakes, free of air movement and dust, located at the max altitude of
2000 above sea level,

* Moisture analyzer’s place of use should ensure good air circulation around

the instrument (approximately 20 cm fee space around the moisture
analyzer and 1 m free space over it),

* Ambient air temperature in the weighing room should not exceed the range

of: +10 °C ÷ +40 °C,

* Ambient relative humidity should not exceed 80% in the temperature up to

31°C, and decrease linearly to 50 % of relative humidity in temperature
40°C,

* A moisture analyzer should be located on a stable wall console desk or a

stable working table which is not affected by vibrations and distant from heat
sources,

* Take special safety measures when weighing magnetic objects, as part of

the moisture analyzer is a strong magnet,

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4.2. Unpacking

Carefully remove the moisture analyzer from its packaging, remove the plastic
and foil transport protective elements. Gently place the moisture analyzer in its
intended place of use.
Assembly the components of drying chamber, following guidelines from below
figure:

Assembling moisture analyzer com pone nts :

- Assembly insert of the drying
chamber’s basis

- Assembly drying chamber cover,

- Assembly drying pan handle,

- Assembly drying pan bracket,

- Assembly the disposable drying

pan..

Setting drying pan’s supporter (brac ket) .

When assembling the pan supporter (bracket) pay
special attention to the correct positioning of its
mandrel. The mandrel features a cut for its unique
positioning against the pan handle, thus
preventing their contact and frictio n.

Setting pan’s bracket:

- On assembling the pan bracket onto the
mandrel, turn the bracket slightly, so that the
cut on the mandrels are located in their
unique and correct position,

- When turning the mandrel use most gentle
movements not to damage moisture
analyzer’s measuring system.

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4.3. Level setting

Before plugging to mains, level the moisture analyzer using
adjustable feet. Turn the feet in a way that the air bubble of the
level is located centrally.

4.4. Standard delivery components

• A moisture analyzer MAX series

• Insert of drying chamber basis.

• Drying chamber shield.

• Drying pan handle.

• Drying pan bracket.

• Disposable pan.

• Power cord.

• User manual.

4.5. Cleaning Remember to unplug the moisture analyzer from mains before any

cleaning activities.

Clean the moisture analyzer using a damp cloth by gentle rubbing
contaminated places.

Remember to remove the drying pan from the drying chamber before its
cleaning. If the drying pan assembly is installed while cleaning it may
damage instrument’s measuring system, thus remove it from the bracket.

4.6. Plugging to mains A moisture analyzer can be plugged to mains only by means of original

power cord, which comes standard with the moisture analyzer. Rated
voltage (specified on device’s data plate) must be compatible with mains
rated voltage.

The power cord can be connected only to socket with ground contact. Plug the
power cord to the moisture analyzer. The moisture analyzer’s power plug is
located at the back of instrument’s housing.
On plugging to mains moisture analyzer’s displays software’s name and
number, after which the indication changes to 0.000 g (in c ase of a moisture
analyzer with measuring accuracy 1 mg) or 0.0000 g (in case of a moisture
analyzer with measuring accuracy 0,1 mg). In mass indication is other than
zero press TARE key located on the overlay.

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4.7. Connecting peripheral equipment

starting / ending drying process according

key, abandoning introduced changes / exit one level

change of parameters value;

sending display status to peripheral

device (Print) or confirmation of selected value or function

The moisture analyzer must be unplugged from the mains before connecting or
disconnecting any peripheral equipment (printer, PC computer). Use only
peripheral equipment recommended by the manufacturer with your moisture
analyzer. These have been ideally coordinated to your moisture analyzer. On
connecting a peripheral device, plug the moisture analyzer to mains.

5. KEYBOARD

Start/Stop key –

to selected drying mode.

Esc

higher in menu structure.

Group of navigation keys –
moving in moisture analyzer’s menu.

Print/Enter key –
(Enter).

Zero / Tare key – zeroing moisture analyzer’s indication.

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On/Off key – switch on/off display of moisture analyzer. On
switching off the display of the device, other subassemblies

are continuously supplied, and the moisture analyzer is in

standby mode.

changes type of data displayed during and

Display key –
after drying process.

Setup key – enter to main menu.

Test menu key – function key for selecting drying modes.

5.1. Moisture analyzer temperature stabilization period

Before start of measuring processes, it is necessary to wait until the moisture
analyzer is thermally stabilized. It is a period of so called moisture analyzer’s
self-heating.
For moisture analyzer MAX series which before plugging to mains was stored
in room temperature, self-heating period takes approximately 30 minutes. For
moisture analyzers that were stored in much lower temperatures before
plugging to mains (e.g. during winter period) thermal stabilization should last
approximately 4 hours.
During self-heating period the indications on moisture analyzer’s display may
change. Correct operation of a moisture analyzer is possible within
temperature range specified in the technical parameters, see point 1.
It is recommended that ambient temperature changes at moisture analyzer’s
place of use are very small (slow).

6. MOISTURE ANALYZER’S MENU

User menu of the moisture analyzer MAX series is divided into two sections.
The first one is made available on pressing SETUP key. This menu enables
setting the following parameters: moisture analyzer and temperature sensor
adjustment, setting date and time format, programming printouts and
communication parameters with peripheral equipment, and setting user profile
parameters.
The second menu is accessible on pressing TEST MENU key, and it is
dedicated to setting parameters of basic drying mode, including: drying
temperature, drying mode, time and other parameters. The menu additionally
provides access to the library of drying programs. The library stores up to 99
different drying procedures containing detailed settings on drying modes of
various substances.

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P1 Adjustment

P7 14 Previous version

P1 01 External adjustment
P1 02 User adjustment
P1 03 Adjustmen t test
P1 04 Temperature adjust.
P1 05 Adjustment report
printout
P1 06 Drying test

P2 GLP

P2 01 User
P2 02 Project
P2 03 Print time
P2 04 Print date
P2 05 Print user name
P2 06 Print project name
P2 07 Print ID
P2 08 Print adjustment data

P3 Date/Time

P3 01 Date format
P3 02 Time format
P3 03 Time
P3 04 Date
P3 05 Display tim e
P3 06 Display date

P4 Readout

P4 01 Filter
P4 02 Autozero
P4 03 Temperature
P4 04 Negative

P5 RS-232

P5 01 Baud rate
P5 02 Parity
P5 03 Data bits
P5 04 Stop bits
P5 05 Handshake
P5 06 Print stable
P5 07 Printout type
P5 08 Paper cut off

P6 Printouts

P6 01 Printout n o.
P6 02 Header no.
P6 03 Line no.
P6 04 Footer no.
P6 05 Printout 1 start
P6 06 Printout 1 stop
P6 13 Text 1
P6 14 Text 2

P7 Other

P7 01 Password
P7 02 Database of drying
programs
P7 03 Beep sound
P7 04 Language
P7 05 Display backlight
P7 06 Display brightness
P7 07 Display contrast
P7 08 Factory no.
P7 09 Software version
P7 10 Parameters printout
P7 11 Upload parameters
P7 12 Set ID
P7 13 ID automatic printout

7. USER MENU OPERATION

User menu may be operated with the use of a moisture analyzer’s keyboard,
external computer keyboard of PS type or by commands sent from a computer to
the moisture analyzer.

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7.1. Menu operation using moisture analyzer keyboard

Entering option of selecting a

the moisture analyzer.

Entering moisture analyzer’s main

menu and its parameters.

Selecting a desired option in the

against a desired menu option.

ARROW key.

Changing parameter and function settings:

of a parameter or change setting of an active parameter (e.g.

drying mode:

Press Test Menu key to open a list
with drying programs saved in
moisture analyzer’s memory. The
library can contain up to 100 drying
programs. Each of drying programs is
optionally configurable, and available
for multiple times during operation of

Exit menu without saving changes:
Press Esc key.

menu:
Press Setup key to get access to user

Exit menu without saving changes:
Press Esc key twice.

menu:

Press one of navigating arrows to
move the cursor (black triangle) up or
down the menu structure and set it

Entering selected menu option / function:

Set the cursor (black triangle) against a desired function, and press RIGHT

or

Use UP / DOWN navigating arrows to select accessible value

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or

name) when its value is flashing.

parameter/function.

Use RIGHT / LEFT navigating arrows to select a character
while entering a parameter value (while its flashing).

Accepting changes in function / parameter settings:
Press PRINT/ENTER key to save settings of a modified

Changing displayed data during drying process:

A moisture analyzer MAX series enables previewing five types
of measurement result while the drying process is in progress
or on its completion.
The measuring units are previewed by pressing DISPLAY key.
Each pressing of the key changes the measuring unit and
automatic recalculation of measurement result.
Additionally, the display of MAX series contains the following:
drying time interval, current temperature in drying chamber,
drying mode, target (set) temperature, drying process result in
a form of: %M; %D; %R; chart, mass loss in [g].

Changes made to software settings are effective only on exiting to main
menu with procedure of saving changes.

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On making all changes in the parameter settings, exit to main menu by

Description

Overlay

pressing the ESC key for a few times, until the software displays a message
box with below two option:

ENTER – save changes and exit
ESC – abandon changes and exit

7.2. Menu operation using external computer keyboard

All keys present on moisture analyzer’s overlay have their equivalents on a
computer keyboard PS type, described in below table:

- function keys

Start / End drying process in an active drying mode.

Entering main menu.

Entering selection menu and settings of the drying mode.

Changing the type of displayed data on drying process.
Sending current display status to a connected peripheral

device (PRINT).
Zeroing/Tarring moisture analyzer’s indication.

- navigating arrows

Moving the cursor up

Exiting one level back in menu structure

Entering the settings of a selected parameter

Moving the cursor down

- keys: ENTER / PRINT and ESC

Accepting entered value (of a parameter)

Abandoning and exiting a function / parameter without
changes

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8. USER MENU

Enter group of parameters P1 Adjustment.

Press RIGHT ARROW KEY, which displays

After emptying the pan press ENTER key.

User menu is accessible on pressing SETUP key on moisture analyzer’s overlay.
The user enables: moisture analyzer adjustment, setting transmission parameters,
setting time and date and their format, and also other user parameters. This section
of the user manual presents software possibilities of the moisture analyzer and
means of changing the parameter settings.

8.1. Moisture analyzer adjustment

8.1.1. Adjustment

Should a moisture analyzer MAX series be used as a laboratory balance, then
before carrying out the measurements it has to be adjus ted sui ng and external
mass standard / weight).

Adjustment is a set of processes determining relation between the value
indicated by a moisture analyzer / balance, and mass of a weighed standard
(adjustment weight). The process enables correcting the indication if
necessary.

Adjustment process on a moisture analyzer MAX series should be carried out
with use of a mass standard / adjustment weight class F

. The weight is an

2

additional equipment of the moisture analyzer.

Moisture analyzer type Adjustment weight mass

MAX 50g

Set the cursor next to a parameter 01

External adjustment.

a command to unload the moisture
analyzer’s pan (the pan has to be empty).

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The moisture analyzer gives a command on

determining mass of an empty pan, followed

Enter group of parameters P1 Adjustment.

Press RIGHT ARROW KEY. The moisture

flashing, i.e. it can be modified.

weight.

Accept entered mass of the adjustment

by a command to place a 50 g weight
(standard) on the pan.

a) After completing adjustment process the moisture analyzer returns to

submenu P1 - Adjustment

b) Press ESC for a few times until the display indicates below message

c) Depending on needs press ENTER or ESC key.
d) The moisture analyzer returns to the main window (weighing mode).

8.1.2. User adjustment

User adjustment should be carried out with a mass standard (weight) in
accuracy class F

.

2

Set the marker next to a parameter 02 User
adjustment.

analyzer displays a command to enter mass
of an adjustment weight to its memory.
in the displayed mass value the first digit is

Use navigating arrow keys to enter the new mass value of the external adjustment

weight. Then the moisture analyzer
proceeds to the adjustment process and
displays corresponding mesag es on its
display.

- 25 -

The moisture analyzer gives a
On placing the weight on the pan

Adjustment.

As specified in the previous point return to the weighing mode.

It is recommended that the mass of an external adjustment weight is
approximately ¾ of the maximum capacity of a balance / moisture
analyzer.

8.1.3. Adjustment test

Adjustment test is a comparison of mass of an adjustment weight value with
the value of current measurement result. The process is aimed at checking the
comparison results, and it does not affect coefficients saved in software
settings. On previewing the test results press ESC key.

Carrying out adjustment test

a) Go to submenu P1 – Adjustment.
b) Set the marker next to the Adjustment test function
c) Press RIGHT ARROW navigating key
d) The moisture analyzer automatically carries out the test process

Factory adjustment – name of last carr ie d out adju stme nt proce ss
Adj (Cal) – value of a load currently placed on moisture analyzer’s

pan

Curr. – mass value of an adjustment weight saved in moisture

analyzer’s memory

Dev. – calculated difference between the above two values

e) Return to the weighing mode =, as specified in point 6 of this user

manual.

command on determining mass of an
empty pan, followed by a command to
place a weight with pre-determined
mass.

accept the process by pressing Enter
key. After completing the user
adjustment process the moisture
analyzer returns to submenu P1 -

8.1.4. Temperature adjustment

Temperature adjustment of the drying chamber is carried out using a dedicated
set available as additional equipment of the moisture analyzer.

- 26 -

Step 1.

1. Thermometer

2. Thermometer holder with a shield
Adjustment is a simple process aimed at adjusting the temperature sensor

assembled in moisture analyzer’s drying chamber. Before carrying out the
temperature adjustment process, install the adjustment set inside the drying
chamber following below figures.

Remove from the drying
chamber the following:

• Disposable pan

• Pan holder

• Pan bracket

• Chamber cover

- 27 -

Step 2.
Step 3.

Place in the drying chamber the
components of the temperature
adjustment set:

• Drying chamber shield
with assembled control
thermometer

After assembling the adjustment
set close drying chamber’s lid
and start the temperature
adjustment process.

CAUTION: remember to carry out all the processes with great care not to
damage the mass measuring mechanism of a moisture analyzer.

- 28 -

Enter menu group P1 Adjustment.

Press RIGHT ARROW navigating key. The

Enter the temperatrure value as indicated on

pressing Print/Enter key.

Set the marker next to a parameter 04

Temperature adjustment.

moisture analyzer previews current
temperature value. After 8 minutes, the
display indicates flashing temperature value.

the external (control) thermometer.
Press Print/Enter key to proceeed to the
following step of drying chamber adjustmen t
process. The moisture analyzer switches on
the halogen heating element and for the
following 8 minutes it heats the drying
chamber, and simultaneously indicates on
its display the curr ent tem perature value.
After the 8 minute time interval the moisture
analyzer’s display indicates the flashing
temperature value. Enter the temperatrure
value as indicated on the external (control)
thermometer.
Press Print/Enter key to proceeed to the
following step of drying chamber adjustment
process. The moisture analyzer continutes
heating the drying chamber for another 8
minutes and simultaneously indicates on its
display the current temperature value. After
the 8 minute time interval the moisture
analyzer’s display indicates the flashing
temperature value. Enter the temperatrure
value as indicated on the external (control)
thermometer. After entering the temperature
value finish the adjustment process by

After completing the process return to the main menu with procedure of saving
changes.

8.1.5. Adjustment report printout

On completing each of adjustment processes the moisture analyzer enables
generating a report from adjustment process. The report can be printed on a
connected printer and sent to a computer and saved in a form of file for future
records.

- 29 -

P1 05 Report printout : 1 : YES – report is printed

The printout content depends on

group, a report contains the following data:
mass of an adjustment weight stored in
moisture analyzer memory from last

), mass of an adjustment weight

from adjustment process (described as

), i.e. the difference between the two

mass values.

Enter menu group P1 Adjustment.

P1 05 Report printout: 0 : NO – report is not printed

Remember that on enabling report printout (set to 1), the report is generated
and sent automatically.

An example of a printout of a report from adjustment process:

parameters set in group P2 GLP (see point

8.2 of this user manual). Variables that are

printed have an attribute set to 1: yes.

Apart from the content set in this menu

completed adjustment process (described as

Curr:

determined in current adjustment process
(described as Adj: (or Cal) and a deviation

Dev:

8.1.6. Drying test

Parameter <Drying test> enables monitoring correctness of temperature
indications as recorded by the moisture analyzer’s internal thermometer.
The testing procedure is carried out using a dedicated set (a thermometer with a
holder) that is available as additional equipment of a moisture analyzer MAX
series. (It is the same set that is used for carrying out temperature adjustment
process). Means of assembling the set is descri bed in the ch apter on
temperature adjustment of this user manual.

Enabling the testing procedure requires assembling the control set inside the
moisture analyzer’s drying chamber, and entering a menu group <Adjustment>
in instrument’s parameters. Start the process by following below specified
instructions.
Remember to assembly the control thermometer set before starting the testing
procedure and then close the drying chamber lid.

Set the marker next to a parameter 06

Drying test

- 30 -

Press RIGHT ARROW navigating key. The

The moisture analyzer displays another

button to accept.

The moisture analyzer displays another

button to accept.

The temperature is maintained for 8 minutes

press ENTER button to accept it.

Then the display opens a mssage box with

moisture analyzer opens a window for
entering the temperature value for carrying
out the drying test. Use the navigsting keys
to enter the desired temperature value and
press ENTER button to accept.

message for entering the permissibl e
temperature error that is acceptable by an
operator. Use the navigating keys to enter
the desired error size and press ENTER

message for entering the factory number of
the adjustment set used for carrying out the
test. Use the navigating keys to enter the
factory number data and press ENTER

After accepting the factory number of the
adjustment set, the software automati cally
starts heating the drying chamber until
reaching a pre-defined temperature value.
The moisture analyzer’s display indicates
data on tim and temperature of the drying
chamber sensor.

(as in case of temperature adjustment).
After this time interval, a message box is
opened on moisture analyzer’s display for
entering the temperature value as recorded
by the control thermometer set assembled
inside the drying chamber. Use the
navigating keys to enter the temperature
value from the control thermometer and

the temperture error of the drying chamber
as recorded by the control thermometer set.

- 31 -

----------------------------------------
Test the drying chamber

----------------------------------------

17/04/2013 15:03:42
Balance Id: 01
Number of calibration kit: 0
Temperature setpoint: 120

The temperature measured: 119
Permissible error: 3
Status: OK

Return to the main menu by
of times.

The final temperature: 120

----------------------------------------

The test result can be printed on
a printer connected to a moisture
analyzer by pressing PRINT
button. An example of a report
from drying chamber test is
presented in the table on the left.

8.2. Determining content of a printout for GLP procedures

This group of parameters enables determining name of a user and project, and
declaring other data to be printed in reports and standard printouts. All data can
be easily inserted using either moisture analyzer’s keyboard or an external
computer keyboard PS/2 type connected to balance’s port.

It is recommended to use an external computer keyboard PS/2 type, as it
is a much faster and easier means of entering text.

8.2.1. User

Enter menu group P2 GLP

Enter user name:

Using moisture analyzer’s keyboard

Press navigating arrow to enter the settings of parameter 01 User, where a
name or a number of a user operating the moisture analyzer is entered. The
name/number can include letters and/or numbers , maximum 8 characters. Use
navigating arrow keys. All letters and numbers are displayed in sequence and
in a closed circuit. Select a neede character. Next move the cursor to the right

pressing Esc button for a number

- 32 -

and enter the following character. On entering all of the characters press
ENTER key.

Using external computer keyboard PS/2 type

Press F2 key to enter the main menu, press F3 key or use navigating arrows to
set the marker next to a parameter 01 User and press F2 key to enter
parameter settings (flashing first character of an existing number or flashing
cursor if not number is specified). Use computer keyboard to enter a new User
name and accept it by pressing Enter key. Use Esc and Enter keys to return to
weighing mode.

8.2.2. Project

Name of a project can contain maximum 8 alphanumeric characters. The
project name is set as in the case of user namespecified above (see point 8.2.1
above).

8.2.3. Parameters determining content of the GLP procedures

A standard printout template can comprise the following parameters to be
printed:

P2 03 print time – measurement time or report time acquired from moisture
analy z er’s real time clo ck

P2 04 print date – measurement date or report date acquired from moisture
analy z er’s real time clo ck

P2 05 print user – user name as specif ied in param eter P2 01 User
P2 06 print project – project name as specified in parameter

P2 02 Project
P2 07 print ID – moisture analyzer factory number given by the manufacturer
P2 08 print adjustment – data on last completed adjustment process

including: adjustment date and time, adjustment type and deviation.

- 33 -

Data to be printed must have an attribute set to “1 yes”.

P2 03 print time: 1:yes

Date : 16/01/2002

130.0500 g

P2 03 print time: 0:no

P2 08 print adjustment: 0:no

Date : 16/01/2002

EXAMPLES OF PRINTOUTS FOR DIFFERENT GLP SETTINGS:

P2 04 print date: 1: yes
P2 05 print user: 1: yes
P2 06 print project: 1: yes
P2 07 print ID: 1: yes
P2 08 print adjustment: 1: yes

Time : 13:12:30
User : R. Wilk
Project : Check
Balance : 11111111
Last adjustment:

---------------------­16/01/2002 13:02
External adjustment
Dev.: 0.0001 g

----------------------

P2 04 print date: 1:yes
P2 05 print user: 1:yes
P2 06 print project 0:no
P2 07 print ID: 1:yes

User : R. Wilk
Balance : 11111111
? 12.0085 g

8.3. Date and time settings

Group of parameters enabling setting date and time of the real time clock in
moisture analyzer memory, and setting their displaying and printing format.

Enter menu group P3 Date/Time

8.3.1. Setting date format

Press navigating arrow key to enter submenu 01 Date format.
Select one of available values:

1. Date format - Month/Day/Year

2. Date format - Day/Month/Year

On selecting the appropriate value accept it by pressing ENTER key.

- 34 -

8.3.2. Setting time format

Place the cursor next to
a value to be changed
(i.e. Hour, Minute,
Second) .

Enter the value settings

the first digit starts

flashing)

Use navigating arrow

Select a digit to

Accept set value of time
(the last changed digit
stops flashing)

Press navigating arrow key to enter submenu 02 Time format.
Select one of available values:

1. Time format – 12 hours

2. Time format – 24 hours

On selecting the appropriate value accept it by pressing ENTER key. 12 hour
time format is differentiated by letters PM or AM visible on a printout.

8.3.3. Setting time

Press navigating arrow key to enter
settings of parameter 03 Time

Set current time:

or

or

be changed

or

Select digit value

Repeat the process for the following values (minute, second). On setting the
new values press ENTER key. The moisture analyzer returns to submenu P3
Date/Time. The time value visible in the upper bar of the display is changed.

mode
(

keys to set time

- 35 -

After setting the time to a needed value return to the weighing mode following
procedure described in point 7.1 of this user manual.

8.3.4. Setting date

Press navigating arrow key to enter settings of parameter 04 Date

Following procedure described in point 8.3.3 set current date value. After
setting the date return to the weighing mode following procedure specified in
point 7.1 of this user manual.

8.3.5. Setting displaying criteria for date and time

Moisture analyzer MAX series enables declaring whether date and time should
be visible in the upper bar of the display during instrument operation. The
displaying criteria are modifiable by setting an appropriate value of the
parameter.

The value is changed in accordance with specification given in point 7.1 of this
user manual. If the parameter value is set to 1 then date and time re visible in
the upper bargraph of the display.

8.4. Setting moisture analyzer oper ating parameters

Moisture analyzer MAX series enables adjusting its operation to current
ambient conditions (filter) or user needs (display refreshment, autozero, last
digit). The parameters are grouped in menu <P4 Readout>.

8.4.1. Entering menu group P4 Readout

Enter menu group P4 Readout

- 36 -

8.4.2. Filter settings

Set the cursot next to a parameter P4 03

Press right arrow navigating key which opens a

indicating temperature inside the drying

Return to the previous window by

pressing Esc key.

Depending on current ambient conditions at a workstation it is necessary to set
filtering value. In case of perfect operating conditions set the filter value to very
fast (set value of parameter 01 Filter to 1). If the conditions are bad (i.e.
vibrations, air movement) it is recommended to set the filter value to slow or
very slow (set value of parameter 01 Filter to 4 or 5). The efficiency of filter
operation differs in relation to the measuring range. The filter operates with
lower accuracy while the mass i ndication is quickly increasing after placing a
load on the pan, Filter accuracy is increased when weighed mass is within
filter’s set operation range (parameter: filter operation range is available only
in balance’s service menu, and it is inaccessible for the user).

8.4.3. Autozero function

In order to ensure moisture analyzers’s precise mass indication, “AUTOZERO”
software parameter has been introduced. The application of this function is
automatic control and correction of zero indication.

The parameters determining the range and time of autozero operation are
set by the manufacturer and they are not accessible for the user.

If AUTOZERO function is enabled, then each weighing process starts from
precise zero point. Disabling AUTOZERO operation may result in result
instability while the pan is not loaded with a mass to be weighed. There are,
however, some cases when this function can be a disturbing factor of
measuring process; for instance very slow placing of a load on the weighing
pan (e.g. load pouring). Enabling and disabling AUTOZERO operation is
carried out in parameter P4 02.

8.4.4. Previewing temperature value inside the drying chamber

Temperature.

window
chamber.

- 37 -

8.5. RS 232 Functions

Parameter
name

Parameter value

Parameter

Parameter value

01 Baud rate:

0 : 2400;

3 : 19200

05 Handshake

0 : no;
02 Parity

0 : no;
2 : odd

06 Print stable

0 : no;

03 Data bits

07 Printer type

0 : Standard

4 : PC-RADWAG

04 Stop bits

1 : 1 bit;
2 : 2 bits

08 Paper cut

0 : no
1 : yes

Moisture analyzer MAX series enables determining communication parameters
with a computer or a printer.

Enter menu group P5 RS-232

8.5.1. RS 232 parameter settings

Use function keys to set required parameters values (see point 7 of this user
manual – moving through user menu) which determine correct cooperation
between a moisture analyzer and a computer or a moisture analyzer and a
printer:

number and

1 : 4800;
2 : 9600;

1 : even;

1 : 7 bits;
2 : 8 bits

Caution:
In case of parameter set to P5 07 – 3 : PC – the data sent to a printer is only a
line. The data from the header and the footer is not printed.
For parameter set to P5 07 – 4 : PC-RADWAG – each printout is proceeded by
a special controlling signs, which enable moisture analyzer cooperation with
the computer software E2R MOISTURE ANALYZER.

number and name

1 : RTS/CTS;
2 : XON/XOFF

1 : yes

1 : Kafka
2 : Epson
3 : PC

- 38 -

8.6. Printouts

User of a moisture analyzer MAX
series can set up to 5 different

h are sent

peripheral device (a printer or a

Date: 22/10/2001

Date: 22/10/2001

? 62.685 g

62.690 g

8.6.1. Standard printout template

On pressing ENTER / PRINT key the moisture analyzer sends through the RS
232 interface current display status (mass of weighed load) and variables
declared in submenu P2 GLP.

Examples of standard printout templates in weighing mode:

A question mark preceding the mass value means that the mass readout was
unstable at the moment of printout release.
A printout can be divided into three sections:

• Header (containing data on selected drying mode and start mass of a
sample to be dried)

• Line (containing partial drying time and humidity content result)

• Footer (containing end mass, total drying time and final drying result).

Hour: 13.04.23
User: Wilk
Project: XW/456

62.690 g

printout templates whic
from the instrument to a connected

computer) through the RS 232 slot.

- A single STANDARD
printout containing data
enabled in the GLP
procedures

- Four NON-STANDARD
customized printout
templates

Hour: 13.16.49
User: Wilk
Project: XW/456
Balance: 10

- 39 -

%%

%K

Type of last completed
adjustment process

%N

Current net mass in basic measuring
unit

%I

Deviation in last completed
adjustment process

%d

Current date

%1

Code 1

%t

Current time

%2

Code 2

%i

Balance factory no.

%3

Code 3

%r

Software no.

%4

Code 4

%P

Project no.

%5

Code 5

%U

User no.

%6

Code 6

%k

Date and time of las t completed
adjustment process

8.6.2. Non-standard printout templates

Principles of creating non-standard printout templates:

1. Moisture analyzer MAX series enables creating up to 4 custom
printout templates;

2. each template must have the string of text start and end specified,
e.g. Printout no. 1 Start – 1 and Printout no. 1 Stop – 40. In this
case the Printout no. 1 contains text strings from 1 to 40.

3. Next insert the texts into the specified text strings, i.e. 1 ÷ 40.
It is recommended to use an external computer keyboard
connected to moisture analyzer’s port. This means of text input is
much simpler and quicker.

4. Non-standard printout templates may overlap each other, i.e.:
Printout 1 Start – 1

Printout 1 Stop – 40
Printout 2 Start – 20
Printout 2 Stop – 40

A non-standard printout can contain:

 Variables dependent on user needs (mass, date, project no., temperature

of the drying chamber, etc.)
 Texts inserted in moisture analyzer’s user menu
A custom non-standard printout template can contain up to 640 characters
inserted in 80 text strings, 8 character each. (starting with parameter String 1
to String 80). A balance user can create up to 4 non-standard printout
templates.

8.6.3. Inserting text into strings

Variables in printouts

Printout of a single character “%”

- 40 -

Variables available in drying mode only

%C

Drying chamber temperature

%c

Drying time

%M

Drying result – humidity content

%S

Start mass of a sample

%D

Drying result – dry mass

%E

End mass of a sample

%R

Drying result – humid/dry ratio

%p

Parameters of an enabled
drying mode

%N

Drying result – current net ma ss in

\\

Single “\” sign

\c

CRLF

\r

CR

\n

LF

\t

Tabulator

\s

Skip to the following text ”string”

\0

End of a printout template

Text string no.

Text

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8

19 Text 10

M a x i m u m

20 Text 11

m a s s c a

n

21 Text 12

n o t e x c

e

22 Text 13

e d 1 1 . 2

5

23 Text 14

0 g !

basic measuring unit

Special signs for designing a non-standard printout template

Each text string (Text 1 ÷ 89 Text 80) can contain up to 8 characters (letters,
digits, special signs, space). Inputting a sentence comprising multiple words and
signs requires using a set of neighbouring 8-character text strings. A user can add
special signs to include needed variables in a non-standard printout temp late.

Example no 1:

Maximum mass cannot exceed 11.250 g!

Inputting this sentence requires using 36 characters grouped in the neighbouring
text strings. Enter text strings settings and input 8 characters from the above text
into each of the text strings until completing the sentence.

Example no. 2:

“RADWAG” Balances & Scales
Date:
Hour:

- 41 -

Load mass

Text string no.

Text

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8

25 Text 16

“ R A D W A G

“

26 Text 17

B a l a n c

e

27 Text 18

s & S c a

l

28 Text 19

e s \ c D a

t

29 Text 20

e : d \ c H o

U

30 Text 21

r : % t \ r \

n

31 Text 22

L o a d m a

s

32 Text 23

s : % N \ c \

c

33 Text 24

* * * * * S i

g

34 Text 25

n a t u r e :

.

35 Text 26

. . . . . . .

.

36 Text 27

. \ c * * * %

F

37 Text 28

* * *

*****Signature:.........

***<active working mode >***
Enter text strings settings and input 8 characters from the above text into each of

the text strings until completing the printout.

Text string selection

Enter group of parameters P6 Printouts

Place the cursor next to a selected text string (from string 1 to string 80). od tekst 1
do tekst 80). Press navigting arrow key to enter parameter settings (if the selected
field was empty, then the first available space for a character starts flashing. If a text
is inserted to a string, then the first character of a line starts flashing).

- 42 -

Principles of inserting texts:

Selecting a character for modification by moving the cursor to the RIGHT

text)

Selecting a character for modification by moving the cursor to the LEFT

the erased one.)

a) Using keys on balance’s overlay

Toggling upwards through all available characters: digits, letters, and
signs by one value.

Toggling downwards through all availab le char act er s: dig its, letters, and
signs by one value.

(the following pressing of the the right arrow key causes activating a
character for modification (char acter is fli ck ering ; if no charac ter is
inserted, then repeated pressing of this key causes adding a space in the

(another pressing of the left arrow key causes a erasing a flickering
character, and causes flieckering of a character located on the left from

Accept an inserted character

b) Using computer keyboard PS/2 type

Press F2 key to enter main menu of a balance. Press F3 or use navigating
arrows to place the cursor next to a group of parameters P6 Printouts and by
pressing F2 key enter the submenu group. Then, using the navigating arrows place
the cursor next to a desired parameter and press F2 key to activate text inserting
procedure. Use keyboard text keys to insert a text into the strings (max 8
characters per one text string) and accept it by pressing Enter key. Repeat the
process for the other text strings.

8.6.4. Printout selection

Enter menu group P6 Printouts. Select one of available values for the parameter
P6 01 Printout no.:

0 : standard
1 : printout 1
2 : printout 2
3 : printout 3
4 : printout 4
On selecting an appropriate value accept it by pressing ENTER key.

- 43 -

8.6.5. Enabling non-standard printout templates

Printout 2

Printout 3

Enabling a non standard printout template, e.g. printout n o. 1:
Enter group of parameters P6 Printouts. In a parameter determining printout type

01 Printout no. enter 1: printout 1 and in parameter 02 printout 1 start ent e r t he
text string of printout start. Available values for start of a non-standard printout: from
1 to 80 !

After entering the number of a text string starting a printout, set number of a
text string finishing the non-standard printout template:
Enter parameter settings 03 printout 1 stop and enter the text string of printout
stop (end). Available values for start of a non-standard printout: from 1 to 80!

After accepting the selected parameters and returning to a weighing mode with
procedure of saving changes each pressing of PRINT key causes printing of a
declared non-standard printout template.

8.6.6. Non-standard printout templates in drying mode

The process of designing non-standard printout templates for drying mode is the
same as in case of weighing mode. The only feature of the printout template in
dying mode differentiating it from the printout in weighing mode is the need to
determine thee sections of a printout template (see standard printout in drying
mode): Header, Line and Footer.

An example of determining a printout template for a drying mode:

Header – Printout 2
Line – Printout 3
Footer – Printout 4

- 44 -

Printout 4

8.7. Moisture analyzer parameter settings.

Depending on user needs the moisture analyzer enables setting parameters
influencing its operation. These parameters are grouped in menu P7 Other, for
instance: beep sound on pressing a key/button, screen contrast, etc.

8.7.1. Entering menu group P7 Other

Enter submenu group P7 Other.

- 45 -

8.7.2. Parameter settings

The parameters are set as specified in case of previous menu groups.

01 Password

The password protects the moisture analyzer against making changes in its

settings

02 Database of drying programs

Enabling / disabling accessibility of the database of drying programs.

03 Beep sound

Determines whether each pressing of a key/button on balance overlay is

confirmed by a beep sound, available settings: YES/NO

04 Language

Selecting language version of software menu, available settings Polish or

English

05 Display backlight

Determines whether the backlight of the balance’s graphic display should be

enabled or disabled (enabling the backlight option improves data visibility on

the display)

06 Screen brightness

Enables changing the brightness of the balance’s graphic display – entering

the function opens a window for setting brightness level using buttons on the

balance’s overlay

07 Screen contrast

Enables changing the contrast of the balance’s graphic display – entering the

function opens a window for setting contrast level using buttons on the

balance’s overlay

- 46 -

If accepted, the moisture analyzer starts

232 slot.

08 Balance no.

This function serves for information purpose only, and it enables previewing

factory number of a balance

09 Software no.

Enables previewing number of software revision operating in a balance

10 Parameter printout

Enabling this function causes printing balance parameters set in the user

menu. The user specifies numbers of parameters that should be printed.

After entering the parameter printout
option a window with the following
question is displayed

11 Acquire (upload) parameters

Enabling this function causes uploading all parameters sent via RS 232

interface from a connected computer.

On entering the function the following window is opened:

On completing uploading process the balance informs a user on number of

accepted and changed parameters, and number of incorrectly declared

parameters which are rejected by the balance.

Printing and uploading balance parameters is a very simple and intuitive

means of setting new values of balance parameters. On printing to a file

current parameter values on a connected computer, the user can simply and

quickly change parameter values. After saving made changes, the updated file

is sent from the computer level to balance’s software. On completing of

uploading process and saving changes the balance accepts new parameter

settings. The procedure requires that a user is familiar with balance

parameters and has good knowledge of computers.

12 ID setting

Enables entering codes to moisture analyzer memory

13 Automatic ID Printout

sending current user parameter setting s
to a connected printer/computer via RS

- 47 -

Determines whether a code entered to moisture analyzer’s memory should be

automatically sent via RS 232 interface.

14. Previous version

The parameter enables functioning of a moisture analyzer as it would be if
previous software version was running, i.e. after setting the parameter value to
<YES> the moisture analyzer operates the drying process and the drying
temperature range similarly to the one specific for the previous software
version (in comparable temperature conditi ons).
The parameter enables using the drying process settings specific for the
previous version of this type of moisture analyzers if such are in use of an
organization. The parameter of a new moisture analyzer allows an operator to
use already determined and verified drying procedures for materials to be
tested, as implemented in older devices of the same type.

9. DRYING PROCESS WITH USE OF SHORTENED MENU

This section of the user manual presents the means of carrying a moisture content
determining process using the shortened procedures.

Menu of drying mode enables setting the following parameters:

- Drying mode with its profile (temperature, time)

- Means of drying process finish mode

- Type of displayed measurement result

- Frequency of printing data from a drying process

9.1. Enabling shortened menu

In order to start drying process with use of shortened menu, disable access to
libraries of drying programs – go to menu group P7 Other, parameter P7 02
Database of drying programs and set it to “0” - disabled).

Database of drying programs disabling procedure:

or

Press Setup key which opens a
window with groups of parameters.

- 48 -

Press navigating arrow keys to set the

Press Test Menu key which opens a
parameters of the shortened menu.

cursor next to a menu group P7 Other.

On returning to the main window (with procedure of saving changes) the use
can carry out a drying process after setting the basic parameters for drying a
sample to be tested. There is no need to select a specific drying program from the
database. W hen setting the parameter Database of drying programs to value 0 –
disabled. The user does not have access to the database records saved in the
moisture analyzer memory.

Press key. The software automatically goes to setting the basic drying
parameters.

9.2. Means of setting drying parameters:

window with the first step of the drying

- 49 -

Press right arrow navigating key to

left corner of the display)

Press UP or DOWN navigating arrow
modes: Standard, Quick, Mild or Step.

If selected drying mode is QUICK, then

to the following step of drying mode

enable selection of a drying profile (name
of a drying mode is previewed abov e the
mode’s graphic presentation. T he
pictogram denoting drying mode
selection menu is flashing in the upper

keys to select one of available drying

set the drying temperature and heating
time in temperature exceeded by 30 %
than the actual drying temperature. The
heating time is calculated from the
moment of reaching the set temperature
by the moisture analyzer.
If selected drying mode is STEP, then set
the drying temperatures for thresholds 1
and 2 and the drying temperature and
their corresponding time intervals for
each of the thresholds. The heating time
in each of the thresholds is calculated
from the moment of reaching a set
temperature in each of the steps.

On selecting appropriate drying mode
press the right arrow navigating key to go

- 50 -

parameters. Pressing the arrow key

causes appearing of a cursor (black

presentation).

Press UP or DOWN navigating arrow
keys to select needed parameter value.

If a Mild or Step drying mode is selected

the following criteria of a drying process.

In order to set other parameters of the

window.

Press DOWN navigating arrow key to

Mode.

triangle) next to the first parameter of
selected drying mode (visible on the right
hand side of the drying mode graphic

Press right arrow navigating key to
change parameter value (the displayed
value starts flashing)

After setting the parameter value accept
it by pressing ENTER key (the value
stops flashing).

then go to other mode settings. If
selected mode is Standard or Quick set

drying process press ENTER key. The
software returns to displaying the initial

go to the following step of drying
process determination, i.e. Finish

Use navigating arrow keys (procedure
as in case of drying mode selection) to
set one of available finish modes and
determine its parameters.

- 51 -

After setting the Finish mode criteria go
drying process.

In order to set other parameters of the

window.

Press DOWN navigating arrow key to go
determination, i.e. Result.

Use navigating arrow keys (procedure as

- 52 -

to setting the following parameters of a

drying process press ENTER key. The
software returns to displaying the initial

to the following step of drying process

in case of drying mode selection) to set
the type of displayed measurement
result.

After setting the Result criterion go to
drying process.

In order to set other parameters of the

window.

Press DOWN navigating arrow key to

Interval.

The printout interval is a period of time

After setting the printout interval
ready to start drying process of a

setting the following parameters of a

drying process press ENTER key. The
software returns to displaying the initial

go to the following step of drying
process determination, i.e. Printout

measured in seconds in which a
moisture analyzers sends current
measurement result to a connected
peripheral device.

criterion the moisture analyzer is

- 53 -

sample to be tested.

In order to finish setting the drying

window.

Once more press ENTER key. The

sample to be tested.

In order to start the drying process

be tested.

mode parameters and go to the
humidity content determining process
press ENTER key. The software
returns to displaying the initial

9.3. Means of drying process according to parameters set in the shortened menu

software does to displaying the main
window in a level which enables
determining humidity content o f a

The left side of the display
presents selected pictograms with
set criteria of the drying process.

press Start/Stop button.
The software will display the
following commands aiding
moisture analyzer operation.
Follow the commands to ensure
correct sample preparation and
carrying out of the humidity content
determining process of a sample to

The software displays a command
to prepare moisture analyzer’s
drying pan.

- 54 -

Place the disposable drying pan in

Press ZERO/TARE button to tare

command appears.

its intended holder and place the
assembly on the cross-shaped
support. support. The display
indicates mass of a fitted drying
pan.

In order to ensure stable
measurement conditions it is
recommended to close the
moisture analyzer’s lid before
tarring mass of the drying pan.

mass of the drying pan to moisture
analyzer memory.
Mass indication on the display
returns to ZERO and the following

- 55 -

Place a sample to be tested on the
drying pan. Mass of a sample
should be selected according to
previously conducted experiments
and features of the tested
substance.

After stabilization of the indication
(followed by appearing of a stability
pictogram on the display) close the
moisture analyzer’s lid. The
software automatically initiates
drying of a tested sample.

- 56 -

The indications on the display

change and indicate data on

parameters P6 Printouts).

During the drying process the data

in pre-set time intervals.

DISPLAY button on moisture analyzer’s
types of measurement result.

After completing the drying process the

conducted process. The moisture
analyzer automatically carri es out
the drying process with drying
parameters as set in the drying
criteria. The instrument
automatically conducts all needed
mass measurement and calculating
processes resulting from changes
mass of the tested sample.
At the begining of the drying
process the moisture analyzer
sends via the RS 232
communication port a header (in
accordance with pre-determined
printout options – see group of

visible on the display is updated and
indicate current measurement resul t
(i.e. test time, temperature in the drying
chamber, etc.).
Also, during the drying process the
moisture analyzer automatically sends
data, via the RS 232 communication
port, printed in the line (in accordance
with pre-determined printout options –
see group of parameters P6 Printouts)

overlay enables switching between

moisture analyzer displays a summary
from the testing procedure and locks
indication with final humidity content on
the display.
Additionally, the moisture analyzer
automatically sends data, via the RS
232 communication port, printed in the
footer (in accordance with pre­determined printout options – see group
of parameters P6 Printouts).

- 57 -

10. DRYING PROCESS WITH USE OF DRYING PROGRAM LIBRARY

Press TEST MENU key which
drying procedures saved in the MAX

program selected for drying.

Press UP or DOWN navigating
arrow keys to set the cursor next to

This section of the user manual specifies in details the procedures for determining a
new drying procedure saved in the memory of the moisture analyzer MAX series..
Each drying procedure contains:

- name

- Profile (dry ing mode)

- Drying temperature

- Fini sh mode

- Type of displayed result

- Printout interval of data from a drying process

- Sample size

- C orrectiv e coe ff i cie nt

10.1. Defining a drying procedure

Use of the databases of drying programs while defining a drying process
requires that they are enabled in the user menu. Go to group of parameters P7
Other, parameter P7 02 Database of drying programs (set parameter value to
“1”).

Means of enabling / disabling the parameter is described in point 8.7.2 of this
user manual.

Before starting to operate the database of drying programs it is necessary to
upload moisture analyzer memory with data on testing procedures to be carried
out.

Means of setting data in the drying procedures:

opens a window with list saved
memory.

CAUTION:
Entry P00 previews the last used
drying program, or a drying

- 58 -

a drying program entry to be filled
with data.

Press RIGHT arrow navigating key
program.

Following the means of moving in the user menu and carrying out changes set

The parameters need to be set in a way

measurement results.

Software structure of the moisture

(value).

Use moisture analyzer’s keyboard or an

the flashing character.

required parameters for a drying program.
to ensure correct performance of the drying process and obtaining of the

10.2. Entering name of a drying program

Program name is used for quick identification of a drying procedure, and it may
contain name of the dried product. The name can comprise of maximum 12
alphanumeric characters.
Specifying the name of the dried product considerably aids identifying and
using the saved drying programs with respect to the material to be tested.

Means of entering product name:

to open an entry with data on drying

The opened window contains data
saved in the selected drying
program.

analyzer MAX series enables modify ing a
parameter which is activated by placed a
cursor (black triangle) next to its name

Pressing RIGHT arrow navigating key
causes activating a field for editing the
name. The first character of the name
starts flashing.

external computer keyboard PS/2 type to
enter a new name of the drying program
(e.g. name of a material to be dried).
Entering a new character causes erasing

- 59 -

After entering the new name accept it by

Use moisture analyzer’s keyboard or an

drying program.

After selecting needed drying mode set

temperature should be reached.

Set drying temperature for drying mode

the set temperature by the moisture

pressing ENTER key. The last entered
character stops flashing.

After accepting the newly entered name go to setting another parameters of the

drying program.

10.3. Drying mode selection

The moisture analyzer MAX series enables selecting one of four available
drying modes: Standard, Quick, Mild, Step. Each mode is combined with its
corresponding parameters, i.e.: drying temperature and time interval needed to
reach set drying temperature. The selected drying mode should be adequate to
the type of material to be tested. Selecting a drying mode to a sample to be
tested is specified further in this user manual.

Means of selecting a drying mode:

Go to user menu. Use DOWN arrow
navigating key to place the cursor (black
triangle) next to a parameter Profile.

Press RIGHT arrow navigating key to go
to the following window of drying mode
selecting process.

external computer keyboard PS/2 type to
select a drying mode to be used with the

other parameters specific for a selected
drying mode – drying temperature and
time intervals in which the drying

In case of the drying mode: Standard set
drying temperature.

Quick and the heating time in the
temperature which exceeds the default
value by 30 %. The heating time is
calculated from the moment of reaching

- 60 -

analyzer

value.

In Step profile set the drying temperatures

set temperature in each of the steps..

temperature

Set drying
temperature
for drying
mode Mild
and time in
which the
moisture
analyzer
should reach
the set
temperature

for thresholds 1 and 2 and the drying
temperature and their corresponding time
intervals for each of the thresholds. The
heating time in each of the thresholds is
calculated from the moment of reaching a

After setting the drying mode and the drying parameters go to programming of
another software parameters.

10.4. Drying temperature setting

The drying temperature is a repetition of a parameter given in Drying mode

settings.

Procedure:

Use function keys on moisture analyzer keyboard, or an external computer
keyboard, to set needed temperature value. Set the temperature value in
accordance with above specified means of moving in the user menu.
After setting and saving the new temperature value, it is also set to a drying
mode.

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter Drying

.

- 61 -

10.5. Auto switch off settings

Finishing of a drying mode can be carried out as:

- Automatic 1 (change ratio 1mg/10s)

- Automatic 2 (change ratio 1mg/25s)

- Automatic 3 (change ratio 1mg/60s)

- Automatic 4 (change ratio 1mg/90s)

- Automatic 5 (change ratio 1mg/120s)

- Time defined (max. time value 99h : 59min.)

- Manual (on pressing a button)

- Custom (a user should specify change in mass ∆m 0,1-9,9mg over time ∆t

max 2,55sec.

- Custom 2 (a user should specify change of humidity value ∆%M over time

60s)

- Test (intended to select the finish-mode criterion for a tested sample)

Procedure:

Go to menu. Use DOWN navigating arrow
key to place the cursor (black triangle)
next to a parameter Finish mode.

The criteria on available settings are described in point ref. to “shortened drying
menu” (see point 9.2).

10.6. Setting the type of displayed and printed measurement result

Depending on user needs, the moisture analyzer MAX series enables setting
the type of displayed and printed result of a drying process. The user can
select between four available setting s: %M, %D, %R, g.

Procedure:

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter
Result.

If option “Chart” is enabled, then the printed result is %M.

- 62 -

10.7. Setting printout interval

Use function keys on moisture analyzer

accordance with above specified means of
moving in the user menu.

After setting and saving data on a mass of

by enabled drying mode.

This parameter determines the interval of sending a measurement result on
humidity content of a tested sample.

Procedure:

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter
Printout interval.

If option “Chart” is enabled, then the printed result is %M.

10.8. Setting size of a sample to be tested

The parameter determines the need to use a sample of specific mass. The
user can select one of three available options: None, Obligatory, Optional.

Procedure:

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter
Sample.

Press RIGHT arrow navigating key to
enter the field for selecting one of
available options.

keyboard, or an external computer
keyboard. Set the sample mass value in

a sample to be tested, set another
parameters on a drying process, i.e. on
temperature and finish mode, as required

- 63 -

In case option Optional is enabled the

weighed / dried.

If sample mass option is enabled, the moisture analyzer displays prompts for the

In case option Obligatory, is enabled the

weighed / dried.

user on placing a required size of a sample to be t est ed o n the d ryi ng pa n. If a user
neds to dry a sample with different mass, then drying process can be started even if
the mass does not comply with set parameter criterion.

After selecting this option, the moisture analyzer displays prompts for the user on
placing a required size of a sample to be tested on the drying pan. In Mandatory
option the drying process will not start unless the mass of a sample to be tested
complies with the parameter settings.

10.9. Setting a corrective coefficient

Coefficient correcting drying temperature

Materials of dark colours are affected by the phenomenon of heat absorption. In
such case the tested sample can be overheated, i.e. when drying a dark
coloured sample in a temperature 120
up to approximately 135
coefficient correcting the drying temperature. The process requires using a
control thermometer with a probe (available as accessories for the moisture
analyzer).

Means of determining the corrective coefficient:

1. Program all parameters of a drying process.

2. Spread evenly a sample to be tested on the drying pan and start dryin g
process.

3. On completion of the drying process note down the drying time

4. Prepare another sample of the same material and spread it evenly on
the drying pan. Prepare a thicker layer of the sample to be tested.

5. Insert the probe of the control thermometer into the tested sample,
press ON/OFF button on the control thermometer

6. Start drying process

7. Monitor the temperature values displayed on the moisture analzyer and
the control thermometer

8. After the time value specified for the first tested sample check both of
the temperature values.

9. Calculate the corrective coeffi c ient usi ng an equati on:

--------------------------------------------------------

user has to enter required sample mass
and tolerance value for the material to be

user has to enter required sample mass
and tolerance value for the material to be

o

o

C. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the

T

C, the sample may absorb heat and heat

– T

measured

T

set

set

- 64 -

Procedure:

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter
Corrective Coefficient.

Use function keys on moisture analyzer keyboard, or an external computer
keyboard, to set needed coefficient value. Set the coefficient value in
accordance with above specified means of moving in the user menu.

10.10. Restore default setting

The parameter enables restoring the default software settings, as determined
by the software designer.

Procedure:

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter
Default.

Press RIGHT arrow navigating key to
display a message for accepting the
restoration of default settings.

Press ENTER key to restore default value
of all parameters in a moisture analyzer,
as programmed by the software designer.
On restoring the default parameters the

- 65 -

software moves back to the previous
window.

Pressing Esc key abandons restoring of

changes.

the default parameter. T he sof tware

10.11. Printout of software settings

The parameter enables printing all current drying mode settings on a
connected printer.

Procedure:

returns to previous window without saving

Go to software menu. Use DOWN
navigating arrow key to place the cursor
(black triangle) next to a parameter Print.

- 66 -

Press ENTER key to accept the process.

previous window.

----------------------------------------

Pressing Esc key abandons printing of

changes.

------- Software parameters -----­Software no.: 1

Name: Wheat flour 100
Drying mode: Standard
Drying temperature: 120 °C
Finish mode: Automatic 3
Result: Humidity content %M
Printout interval: 30 s
Sample control: No
Corrective coef.: 0.00

Press RIGHT arrow navigating key causes
displaying a message to confirm printout of
parameters.

The moisture analyzer sends data on
drying mode parameter values to a
connected printer, and returns to the

drying mode settings. The softw ar e returns
to previous window without saving

- 67 -

10.12. Saving drying mode settings in moisture analyzer’s permanent memory

When determining parameters of a drying mode, all the settings are saved in
the moisture analyzer’s volatile memory. Permanent saving of the settings
requires returning to the main window with procedure of saving changes.

Procedure:

Press Esc key.

The software displays a question on
saving the drying parameters.

Pressing ENTER key causes saving the
changes and displaying a window with the
library of the drying programs.

Pressing Esc key causes returning to
displaying the library of drying programs
without saving the changes.

- 68 -

11. TESTING PROCEDURE USING A DRYING PROGRAM FROM THE

Use UP and DOWN navigating

intended for testing a sample.

LIBRARY OF DRYING PROGRAMS

A moisture analyzer MAX series enables carrying out a drying process using
programs saved in the library of drying programs. This means of using the
device considerably speeds up the preparation for a testing process, as all the
parameters on drying process of a material are already determined in the
program, i.e. the drying parameters are not set each time before starting a
testing procedure of a material.
The user is able to quickly select a drying program for a substance to be tested
from the library. The program contains all drying parameters for the sample to
be tested. On changing the drying program, the parameters for a drying
process also change.

CAUTION:

In order to enable the libraries of drying programs in the user menu, go to
menu group P7 Other, parameter P7 02 Library of drying programs and set it to
value “1” – i.e. enabled).
The means of enabling the parameter is described in details in point 8 of this
user manual.

Procedure:

Press Test Menu button.

The software displays list of
available drying programs.

arrow keys to set the cursor (black
triangle) next to a drying program

- 69 -

Press ENTER key to return to the

parameters.

The upper bar of the display

etc.).

The next steps of the drying process are the same as in case of drying process
using a shortened menu (see point 9.3. of this user manual).

12. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR A DRYING PROCESS

This section of the user manual presents data on obtaining optimum
measurement results from drying a sample to be tested. It lists the principles of
selecting drying parameters in relation to a material to be tested.

12.1. Principles of humidity content determination in a moisture analyzer

Measurement of moisture content in a tested sample is carried out by
determining loss of mass in a sample by its heating (humidity evaporation from
a sample).
RADWAG moisture analyzer comprises two components: a precision balance
and a drying chamber. Compared to standard moisture content determining
methods, the measurements with application of RADWAG moisture analyzer is
much quicker and does not require additional mathematical calculations (a
result of moisture content is previewed on an ongoing basis during product
testing process).
Independently on moisture content determining method, the measurement
accuracy is highly influenced by means of sample preparation and selection of
testing parameters, such as:

• Sample size

• Sample type

• Drying temperature

• Drying time

In practice, the measurement accuracy is not as important as the speed of
obtaining measurement result (control over technological process). Thus,

main window. The moisture
analyzer is ready to start testing
procedure with programmed drying

indicates name of the selected
drying program and its number from
the library of drying programs. On
the left side of the display there are
pictograms indicating pre-set values
of drying parameters (i.e. drying
mode, temperature, finish mode,

- 70 -

heating a sample (with application of a halogen filament) carried out by a
moisture analyzer, makes the measurement process very time efficient and
short. Measurement speed can be additionally increased by appropriate
adjusting moisture analyzer’s parameters depending on substances to be
tested.
Optimum temperature and drying time depend on type and size of a sample
to be tested, and anticipated measuring accuracy. Selection of drying

parameters can only be carried out on basis of test measurements.

12.2. Sampling and preparation

Features, preparation and size of a sample are very important factors
influencing the speed and accuracy of measur eme nt pr oce s s.
Means of sampling and preparation are extremely important for repeatability of
measurement results, as a sample should be a representative part of tested
substance.

Final measurement result is vastly conditioned by precise and considered
sample preparation. A sample used for analysis has to represent the total
structure of tested material. Sampling process should determine: sampling
means, sample disintegrating, particle size after disintegration, sample
uniformity and other. The sampling process should be carried out as quickly as
possible, so that a sample does not loose or absorb humidity from surrounding
area.
Applied sampling standards should match individual user needs and
requirements of tested material, its consistence and sample size.

Number of samples

Increasing number of tested samples also increases statistic measurement
certainty. Number of samples depends on uniformity of tested material , its
purity, accuracy of applied measuring method and anticipated accuracy of
obtained results.

Material mechanical disintegrating for measurements

Applied disintegrating method should be selected appropriately to tested
material. Substances that are hard and brittle (crisp) can be disintegrated by
cutting. Grinding such substances may cause their heating and thus humidity
vaporization, resulting in unreliable measurement results. Unless a substance

- 71 -

can be prepared for measurement otherwise than grinding, any possible
moisture content loss should be calculated.

Use of high-silica sand

Ensuring optimum substance drying requires that a sample has the largest
possible surface for moisture content vaporization. Test results of moisture
content in substance which surface has a form of a shell (e.g. glucose syrup) or
doughy (e.g. butter), can be much more reliable if a sample is mixed with a
dried high-silica sand (improvement of measurement accuracy and
repeatability).
When tes ting a s ubstance by mixing it with high-silica sand it is recommended
to use a disposable drying pan with higher edges due to larger volume of a
sample to be tested).

Grease in a form of paste or melting substances

Such substance requires testing with use of a filter made of glass fiber, which
considerably increases active evaporation surface by separating the substance
between the fiber. Initial filter drying is necessary only in case of measurements
which require very high accuracy.

Liquid substances

It refers to liquid substances, which by creation of drops on their surface,
caused by surface tension, may render difficulties in drying process. In such
cases, it is proved to use a glass fiber filter to shorten measurement time. The
filter causes separating tested liquid around the fibers, and increasing active
evaporating surface. Initial filter drying is necessary only in case of
measurements which require very high accuracy.

Substances with structure of leather o r temp erat ure sensitive

In case of such substances it is proved to a glass fibre filter. While testing, a
substance is placed on a drying pan, and sample surface is covered with a
filter, which protects the sample from direct heat radiation. In such case, the
sample is heated by convection (which is milder than radiation).

Substances containing sugar

The surface of such substances often may caramelize during testing
procedure. Therefore, it is recommended to use thin layer of a sample, and
moderate drying temperature.

Sample distribution on drying pan:

Loose materials

Dried in their natural state, i.e. in their natural form or disintegrated. Sample
disintegration causes smaller dispersion
between the following measurements.
Sample mass should not be too high, and
the sample should be evenly spread on
whole surface of the drying pan.

- 72 -

Liquid substances

Semi-fluid substances are dried in their natural form. Large amount of grease
(fat) occurring in some of substances make moisture content determination
difficult. In such case it is recommended to use
additional components, which increase sample’s
active surface and aid moisture content
releasing process from a sample. such
components are high silica sand, blotting paper
or filter. Before drying a tested substance,
initially dry the additional component, so that its
humidity is close to zero.

Solid objects

Depending on solid object’s structure (dense or loose), moisture content
determining process may take short or long
time. The size of solid’s surface determines
the speed of drying process, and
measurement reliability. Thus, the surface of a
solid object should be as large as possible.
Since solid objects release moisture through
their outer surface, sample thickness is
another important factor.

13. SELECTION OF DRYING PARAMETERS

13.1. Selecting optimum sample mass

Sample mass influences the accuracy of measurement result and
measurement time. Higher mass of a sample, causes higher amount of water
(moisture content) which needs to evaporate, and therefore measurement time
is also longer.
Obtaining short measurement time is feasible in case of small sample mass,
but sample mass cannot be too small, as it may negatively influence required
measurement accuracy.

13.2. Influence of sample mass on measurement result repeatability

- 73 -

Sample mass has considerable influence on repeatability of measurement

Sample mass

Repeatability

to 2g

±0,24%

to 10g

±0,06%

over 10g

±0,04%

results obtained on a moisture analyzer. Relation between sample mass and
repeatability is presented in below table.

Data provided in the above table refer to a ideal and uniform sample, and an
assumption, that moisture content has completely evaporated from tested
sample during testing process, and the sample has not decomposed (e.g.
humid high-silica sand).

Measurement results are always subject to uncertainty related to a sample and
repeatability of used moisture analyzer. In practice, it means that obtained
measurement result may exceed repeatability values provided above.

13.3. Drying temperature

Drying temperature has the largest impact on drying time. Temperature value
depends on type of dried substance. Too low drying temperature causes too
low moisture content evaporation (under-dried sample), and consequently
unnecessary extending of measurement time. Too high drying temperature
causes burning of dried sample (sample overheating, chemical decomposition).
Drying temperature of traditional method (using a furnace) is specified in
applicable industry or company standards. Unless standards apply, then
temperature should be adjusted by tests.
On selecting the value of drying temperature, use the following procedure:

• Determine moisture content in a sample

• Determine temperature of substance chemical decomposition by tests

• Compare result obtained on a moisture analyzer with the one of

traditional method

When drying a sample with high
humidity content, it is possible to
shorten measurement time by
selecting “Step” or “Quick” drying
mode. In such case, the majority
of moisture content is released
when drying temperature higher
than set. Only after some time,
the temperature is lowered to the set value, and maintained until completing
drying process.

- 74 -

13.4. Selecting a drying mode

The software of moisture analyzer MAX series enables selecting one of four
drying modes:

• Standard

• Quick

• Mild

• Step

STANDARD mode

Standard mode is the most frequently used
of all drying modes. It enables accurate
determining of moisture content is a dried
sample.

MILD mode

Mild mode is used in case of drying
substances that are sensitive to rapid heat
emitted by filaments operating at full power
in the initial stage of drying process. This
mode prevents from decomposing of
substances sensitive to heat by mild
tempera ture increas e in set amount o f time
(time interval has to be selected by tests).
Mild mode is recommended to drying samples of leather structure.

QUICK mode

Quick mode is recommended to drying
samples that moisture content varies from
5%, and 15%. In the initial stage of Quick
mode, heating takes place at full power of
the filaments, causing heating the drying
chamber to increased temperature
(maximum temperature value is higher by
30 % from set drying temperature).
Overheating compensates heat loss during evaporation of large moisture
content in the test’s initial stage.

STEP mode

Enables determining up to three steps with
random drying temperature. Step mode is
recommended for drying substances with
moisture content over 15%. Temperature
and heating time in each step have to be
adjusted by tests.

- 75 -

13.5. Selecting drying time

Drying time is set by selecting one of available finish mode criteria. This means
that a moisture analyzer must meet pre-set criterion (requirement) (mass over
time, time) to automatically finish the drying mode.
Finish of drying process can occur on elapsing defined amount of time,
independently on loss in mass. This criterion is used for substances that may
decompose during drying process, and their mass does not reach constant
value.
The second criterion is loss in mass (less than 1 mg) in defined amount of time.

Automatic finish mode (Auto swi tch off mode)

The moisture analyzer MAX series enables selecting between various types of
finish modes:

- Automatic 1 (change 1mg/10s)

- Automatic 2 (change 1mg/25s)

- Automatic 3 (change 1mg/60s)

- Automatic 4 (change 1mg/90s)

- Automatic 5 (change 1mg/120s)

- Time defined (maximum drying time 99 hours 59 minutes)

- Manual (on pressing a function key)

- User defined 1 (set mass change ratio m 0,1-9,9mg and time interval t

max 2,55 sec.

- User defined 2 (set moisture content change ratio % M o ve r tim e

- Test (enables adjusting finish mode parameters to a tested sample)

Automatic finish mode – user defined criterion (mass/time)

The operator determines the limit value for loss of mass and time in which the
loss of mass must not exceed a pre-set value. As the moisture analyzer
reaches the set criterion it automatically finishes the measurement (drying
process).

Manual finish mode

An operator ends drying process manually by pressing START/STOP button on
moisture analyzer’s display.

Time defined finish mode

Drying process finish takes place on elapsing a set amount of time,
independently on measurement result.

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13.6. Drying mode analysis

In the first case the drying mode is an asymptote. The humidity content in a
sample reaches a constant and it does not change after long drying time.
Using this drying mode enables easy obtaining of repeatable humidity content
in a tested sample.
The measurement result refers specifically to the constant asymptote value. It
easily corresponds and it is simple to determine appropriate finish mode
criterion.

The other type of drying mode in its initial stage is carried out rapidly, and later
on it slows down. Humidity content never reaches a constant value. The drying
mode in this case may form in the following way:
The sample demonstrates thermal decomposition. The decomposing is sample
(product) evaporation, and the sample losses weight. The fat, oil, plastics and
other volatile ingredients may cause slower evaporation process than in case
of water. The ingredients that evaporate hard cause decreasing of sample
mass.
The measurement result using this drying mode can be optimistic:

• Decreasing temperature may slow down ingredients’ reaction.

• Selecting an appropriate finish mode criterion may enable detecting an

end of the analysis in the desc ribed drying point.

• Selecting a constant drying process often ensures very good results.

• Permanent maintaining initial mass of a sample to be tested

(+10%....+20%).

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14. COOPERATION WITH A PRINTER OR A COMPUTER

Each pressing of < PRINT > key causes sending to a connected printer
or computer a signal corresponding to current mass indication (display
status) with enabled measuring unit. The default baud rate setting of a

ice (a printer or a computer)
requires other baud rate settings then it needs to be changed in the
moisture analyzer’s menu (see point 13 of this user manual).

3 (TxD)

1 (RxD)

5 (GND)

3 (GND)

7- 8 shorted

2 (RxD)

3 (TxD)

3 (TxD)

2 (RxD)

5 (GND)

5 (GND)

4 - 6 shorted

4 - 6 shorted

7- 8 shorted

7 - 8 shorted

2 (RxD)

3 (TxD)

3 (TxD)

2 (RxD)

4 (DTR)

4

5 (GND)

5 (GND)

6 (Tara)

6

7 (RTS)

7 (CTS)

8 (CTS)

8 (RTS)

9 (Print)

9

2 (RxD)

2 (TxD)

3 (TxD)

3 (RxD)

5 (GND)

7 (GND)

7 - 8 shorted

4 - 5 shorted

6 - 20 shorted

balance is 9600 bit/sec. If a peripheral dev

14.1. Connecting cables

A balance: slot DB 9/F – a KAFKA printer: slot WM 560

A balance: slot DB 9/F – a computer: slot DB 9/F (if handshake is disabled)

A balance: slot DB 9/F – a computer: slot DB 9/F (if handshake is enabled)

A balance: slot DB 9/F – a computer: slot DB 25/F

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15. LIST OF COMMANDS COMPUTER - BALANCE

Function INTERFACE RESET

Command R CR LF (zeroing currently carried out commands, restoring

factory default settings)

Function SEND ALL IMPLEMENTED COMMANDS

Command PC CR LF (sends information on all commands implemente d in

the balance’s software)

Function SEND MEASUREMENT RESULT IN BASIC MEASURING UNIT

Command S CR LF (sends result in basic measuring unit on stabilization of

indication)

Function IMMEDIATELY SEND MEASUREMENT RESULT IN BASIC

MEASURING UNIT

Command SI CR LF (immediately sends result in basic measuring unit)
Function SEND MEASUREMENT RESULT IN CURRENT MEASURING

UNIT

Command SU CR LF (sends result in current measuring unit on stabilization

of indication)

Function IMMEDIATELY SEND MEASUREMENT RESULT IN CURRENT

MEASURING UNIT

Command SUI CR LF (immediately sends result in current measuring unit)
Function ZERO BALANCE

Command Z CR LF (zero balance on stabilization of indication)
Function IMMEDIATELY ZERO BALANCE

Command ZI CR LF (zero balance immediately on sending the command , if

possible at the moment)

Function TARE WHEN STABLE
Command T CR LF (tarring balance on stabilization of indication)

Function IMMEDIATELY TARE BALANCE

Command TI CR LF (tare balance immediately on sending the command , if

possible at the moment)

Function GIVE FACTORY NUMBER
Command NB CR LF (sends factory number of a balance)

Function GIVE MEASURING RANGE

Command FS CR LF (sends maximum measuring range (maximum capacity

of a balance in basic measuring unit)

- 79 -

Function GIVE SOFTWARE REVISION
Command RV CR LF (sends software name)

Function GIVE OR CHANGE DATE IN A BALANCE
Command PD CR LF (causes sending data on set date or changes the date)

Function GIVE OR CHANGE TIME IN A BALANCE
Command PD CR LF (causes sending data on set time or changes the time)

Function GIVE ENABLED WORKING MODE

Command PM CR LF (causes sending by a balance a code of enabled

working mode)

Function SEND SETUP
Command PS CR LF (causes sending the complete setup - parameter

printout)

Function “BEEP” SOUND

Command B CR LF (causes immediate activating of beep sound in a

balance)

Function GIVE LAST CODE ERROR
Command ER CR LF (causes sending code of last saved error in a balance)

Function DISABLE AUTOZERO
Command A0 CR LF (causes disabling (switching off) autozero operation)

Function ENABLE AUTOZERO

Command A1 CR LF (causes enabling (switching on) autozero operation)

Caution!

If a non-existing or incorrect command finished with CR LF is sent to a
balance, it responses with E S CR LF. Spaces between characters should
be omitted, as they are added only for the purpose of proper legibility.

- 80 -

16. USER GUIDELINES

ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT OF ANALYTICAL BALANC ES

The measurement of relative humidity content of materials to be tested using a
moisture analyzer MAX series is much shorter and simpler if compared to a
traditional method (weighing – drying – weighing – calculating). It is necessary to
remember that it is a different measurement method, this requires an individual
selection of drying parameters to each dried substance, such as:

• Drying temperature,

• Sample mass,

• Drying time.

In case of a series of measurements carried out in the same drying temperature it is
recommended to reject the factor of the first completed measurement – as the
measurement result can be burdened with an additional error related to thermal
stabilization of the drying chamber and the moisture analyzer.

The sample to be tested has to evenly spread on the whole surface of the drying
pan. Substances of coarse structure has to be disintegrated (crushed or grind)
before measuring their humidity content .

In case of testing humidity content of substances that easily release water it is
recommended to set short sampling time, and for materials in which water is bound,
set the sampling time for longer, but selected by carried out tests.

When testing relative humidity content of a sample that while drying forms an
impermeable layer on its surface, it is recommended to use indirect substances,
such as sand, absorbent paper, filters, etc.

1. Anti-vibrating table

2. Thermal printer: KAFKA,

5. External PC keyboard, type PS/2

- 81 -

17. MOISTURE ANALYZER MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES

This section of the user manual describes procedures of maintaining a moisture
analyzer MAX series in good condition, and means of replacing faulty components
(filaments, fuses).

17.1. Cleaning moisture analyzer components

In order to ensure required measuring accuracy, the moisture analyzer has to be
used and stored in clean conditions.
While cleaning the moisture analyzer, precautions provided in this section of the
user manual must be obeyed.

REMEMBER, before initiating any maintenance or cleaning
activities of moisture analyzer’s inner parts (including a fuse of
a filament), switch off the moisture analyzer and make sure the
power cord of the moisture analyzer is unplugged from mains!

Open moisture analyzer’s lid and take out all components of the drying chamber:
disposable pan, pan bracket, cross shaped pan handle, drying chamber’s cover,
insert of the drying chamber’s basis.

Clean the moisture analyzer using soft fabrics (diaper, chamois, etc.) and non­aggressive cleaning agents.

Do not use any abrasive agents or solvents to clean the moisture analyzer, as it
may cause damage to the device and its components.

- 82 -

After cleaning, thoroughly dry each of moisture analyzer’s components.
Do not allow any contamination or liquid to fall into the moisture analyzer.

Assembly cleaned and dried components in accordance with above scheme.

17.2. Temperature sensor cleaning

In order to ensure correct temperature measurements during testing procedure, pay
special attention to cleanness of the temperature sensor (1).
Any cleaning activities of the temperature sensor should be carried out while
maintaining special precauti ons.
Temperature sensor should cleaned using a soft fabric with addition of a mild
detergents. Do not use any abrasive agents or solvents, as they may damage the
temperature sensor.

While cleaning make sure not to touch heating filament, as it may damage it.
If necessary it is permissible to clean filament’s shield. Clean the filament’s shield

using a soft and dry fabric only. Do not touch the filament while cleaning the shield.

- 83 -

17.3. Replacing the fuses

A moisture analyzer MAX series

Tabular fuse ZKT 3.15A T4L

If after plugging to mains, a signal diode on moisture analyzer’s display does not
light up (lack of any reaction on the display), then possibly one of the fuses (or both)
is blown.

REMEMBER, before initiating any activities relates to fuse
replacement switch off the moisture analyzer, and make sure
the power cord of the moisture analyzer is unplugged from
mains!

features two fuses.
Before replacing them unplug the

power cord from the socket located
at the back side of instrument’s
housing.

250V protects moisture
analyzer’s electric circuits.

Fuse replacement procedure:

1. Unscrew the fuse base
from its mounting.

2. Take the fuse(s) out of
the fuse base.

3. Replace the fuse(s)
with new one(s).

4. Assembly the fuse
base featuring new
fuses into the
mounting.

- 84 -

17.4. Troubleshooting

Problem: no reaction to pressing main switch on/off key (display remains dark).
Probable cause:

− No voltage in mains

− Damaged power cord

− Damaged fuse of the moisture analyzer

− Moisture analyzer defect

Problem: too long pending time for drying process finish.
Probable cause::

− Selected finish mode of drying process is incorrect. Carry out experimental
tests to select a proper means of finish mode.

Problem: measurements are not repeatable
Probable cause:

− non-uniform sample content. P repar e the sa mple fro m larger amou nt of
substance.

− the drying time is too short. Change testing process finish mode criteria.

− drying temperature is too high, causing sample’s oxidizing. Lower drying

temperature.

− tested sample boils. Lower the drying temperature.

− the temperature sensor is contaminated or defected. Clean the

temperature sensor.

− the workbench on which the moisture analyzer is located is unstable.
Change the location of instrument’s operation.

− - the ambient area is incompatible with the requirements (vibrations, drafts,
etc.). Change the ambient conditions for compatible ones according to the
guidelines of this user manual.

- 85 -

17.5. Error messages

Error message

Error

no.

Error description

"Control sum error"

1.1

Error related to data transmission.

"A/D error"

1.2

Converter error.

Maximum measuring range of a balance
exceeded.

Maximum measuring range of a balance
exceeded.

"A/D Null"

2.3

A/D converter error.

Maximum number of divisions from
converter exceeded.

Permissible value of zeroing or tarring
for a balance is exceeded.

Permissible value of tarring for a balance
is exceeded.

The difference between initial zero value
from (controlled after zero initiation).

The difference between the start mass

drying pan).

The difference between mass of a

greater than (difference >1%).

The value of sample mass is below 20
mg.

Sample mass is below the value

programs.

Value of a reference mass in Percent
reading units

The adjustment coefficient of the drying
chamber differs from the factory

Detecting of an error is signaled by the moisture analyzer by displaying a message
corresponding to the error. The message contains number of the error and a short
description informing on the possible causes of error occurrence.

List of error messages in a moisture analyzer:

"Range exceeded " 2.1
"Range exceeded " 2.2

"A/D Full" 2.4

"Tare/Zero out of range " 2.5

"Tare out of range " 2.6

"Result > 10% Max" 2.7

"Result > 4% Max" 2.8

"Difference > 1% Max" 2.9

" Sample mass < 20gm " 2.10

”Sample mass out of
range "

„Ref < 1000 Div” 2.12

„Difference > 20 %” 2.13

2.11

and the factory value is more than 10 %

(mass of the drying pan and cross
shaped pan holder) and its value saved
in the memory is greater than 4 % on
moisture analyzer start (moisture
analyzer started with a load on the

currently measured adjustment weight
and mass saved in balance memory is

determined in the parameter “Sample –
mandatory” in the database of drying

Setup mode in smaller than 1000

- 86 -

adjustment coefficient by more than
20%

"Out of range " 3.1

Parameter value exceeds permissible
value.

"Incorrect value "

3.2

Impermissible parameter value

"Incorrect password "

3.4

"Overwriting error "

4.1

" Parity error "

4.2

" Frame error "

4.3

"CTS transmission
suspended "

" XOFF transmission
suspended"

"Incorrect date "

5.1

Error of date setting.

Timeout error for carrying out a given
process (e.g. zeroing).

Errors relating to data transmission to a

4.4

4.5

"Time value exceeded " 6.1

CAUTION:

If the carried out activities related to dealing troubleshooting or maintenance are
other than expected, please immediat ely conta ct you locla RADWAG dealer or
service point.

18. MEMORY OF CARRIED OUT MEASUREMENTS

A moisture analyzer MAX series enables storing Maximum 100 last carried out
measurements that comprise the following set of data: date, time,
measurement time, name, drying mode, drying temperature, drying time, start
mass, end mass, final result. The measurements are saved in a pile. After
saving over a 100 a measurement in a pile, the record with no. 101 is
overwritten on the record no. 99, and the whole list is moved upwards by one.
It causes deleting the measurement record in position 00. Means of entering
the memory of measurements:

computer or a printer connected to a
moisture analyzer.

When in main window press Display button on the moisture analyzer’s
overlay.
A window is opened containing list of stored measurement records.

- 87 -

The data is ordered according to its performance schedule. If a

°

measurement was carried out using the Mode from Database, then next to
the measurement date and time the record displays mode name. in order
to print data place the cursor (black triangle) next to a needed record and
press Setup key.

The detailed data on a measurement is displayed (data order as on a
printout).

In order to print data press PRINT key. The set of data is sent via RS 232
interface to a connected printer / computer.

19. MEANS OF USING A MOISTURE ANALYZER FOR DRYING IN
TEMPERATURE OVER 160

In case of drying a sample in a temperature ranging between 161°C – 250°C the
maximum time of maintaining the temperature is determined proportionally from the
range: 1 hour for 161 °C – 20 minutes for 250°C.

When drying a sample in temperature 250°C, the maximum temperature value is
maintained by the instrument for 20 minutes, and then the software decreases the
temperature value to 160 °C without stopping the drying process.

Time interval of decreasing the drying temperature from 250 °C to 160 °C is 20
minutes.

In case of drying mode „Quick“ the maximum drying temperature is exceeded by 30
% but its value is not higher than the temperature value set in instrument’s factory
menu.

In case of drying mode „Step“ the maximum time interval of maintaining a set
temperature value in each step is limited to 20 minutes.

C

User manual no.

IMMU-11-02-03-14-ENG

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MANUFACTURER

OF ELECTRONIC WEIGHING INS TRUMENTS

RADWAG WAGI ELEKTRONICZNE

26 – 600 Radom, Bracka Street 28, Poland

Phone. [phone], fax. + 48 48 385 00 10

[e-mail]

www.radwag.com