™
Installation Instructions
D285 and D285TH
Photoelectric Smoke Detectors
1.0 General Information
The D285 and D285TH are U.L. Listed, open-area photoelectric smoke detectors designed for use with commercial fire protective signaling systems and household fire
warning systems (see NFPA 72, “The National Fire Alarm Code”). The detectors are
available in two and four wire models with an optional 135°F (57°C) fixed-temperature
heat sensor.
For commercial and industrial installations, 30 ft. (9.2 m) spacing between detectors is
recommended (in accordance with NFPA 72).
When properly installed using the D280/D290 Series bases, tamper protection is provided by IN/OUT wiring of the positive power line. This causes the control to initiate a
trouble signal when a detector is removed from its base. Supervision of 2-wire systems is
provided by the master control, and 4-wire system supervision is provided by an End-ofLine Power Supervision device such as a D275 or a D293E Power Supervision Base and
an EOL resistor as specified by the control manufacturer.
2.0 Specifications
• Product Description:
D285 Detector only (requires base)
D285TH Detector w/integral 135°F heat sensor (requires base)
D287 Base only, 2-wire
D288 Base only: 2-wire, wide diameter
D292 Base only, 4-wire
D293A Base only, 4-wire, Form “C” Aux. relay
D293E Base only for power supervision, 4-wire, EOL relay, Normally Open Aux.
D293S Base only, 4-wire, with Sounder
D275 EOL supervision module for 4-wire systems
The U.L. Compatibility Identifier for the D285 and D285TH detectors is the letter “A.”
To determine the U.L. Compatibility Identifier for use with the D287 base, see
Technogram P/N 31866.
• Operating Temperature: +32° to 100°F (0° to 38°C). 0 to 95% relative humidity
• Detector Power Requirements:
Standby Voltage: 2-wire - 8.5 to 33.0 VDC
Maximum RMS Ripple: 25 percent of DC input.
Start-up Current: 120 micro-amps maximum
Standby Current: 80 micro-amps @ 12 VDC
• Alarm Current:
2-wire Dependent on control panel. Panel must limit the alarm current to 100 mA
4-wire D292: 48 mA @ 12 VDC
Power-up Time: 22 seconds maximum.
Compatible Control Panels:
2-wire: See Technogram P/N 31866.
4-wire: Compatible with all U.L. Listed 4-wire control panels. Refer to the
relay
(non-condensing).
4-wire - 10.0 to 30.0 VDC
90 micro-amps @ 24 VDC
100 micro-amps @ 33 VDC
Note: The D293E = 24 mA @12 & 24 VDC
maximum.
51 mA @ 24 VDC
D293A: 56 mA @ 12 & 24 VDC
D293E: 80 mA @ 12 and 24 VDC
D293S: Base 48 mA @ 12 VDC
Notice: Radionics, Inc. makes no claim written, oral, or implied that the D285
Series smoke detectors will work with any 2-wire control panels except those
specified in the Base Compatibility chart in the Technogram 31866.
manufacturer's Installation Instructions for proper End-of-Line resistor selection.
(70 mA max. @ 30 VDC)
(75 mA max. @ 30 VDC)
(100 mA max. @ 30 VDC)
Sounder 15 mA @ 12 VDC, 25 mA @ 24 VDC
3.0 Mounting
Before mounting, remove the dust cover from the detector. The dust cover may be replaced during construction periods, but
abled.
must be removed once the alarm system is en-
Note: The Tamper screw is located in the recess on the top of the dust cover.
Mount the base in accordance with its instructions.
Mount the detector to the base by turning it clockwise until it clicks into place. When it is
secure, the alignment line will be lined-up with the tamper screw hole (see Figure A).
Note: The detectors are “keyed” and should not be forced onto the bases.
Base contacts
(3 sets)
Start detector
contacts here and
rotate clockwise
Alignment
arrow
Figure A - Mounting to the base
4.0 Testing the Installation
Check the wiring from the control panel to the last head on each run for proper polarity
and continuity.
- Make sure each run terminates with an End-of-Line resistor as specified by the control panel manufacturer.
- Make sure 4-wire runs terminate with EOL Modules or D293E bases.
Apply power to the system. Check for alarms and troubles.
- Note which detectors are in alarm (if any) and then shut the system down. Remove
these detectors from their bases and recheck the bases for proper wiring. If the problems persist, replace the affected detectors or swap them with known good units. This
will determine if the problem is caused by the detector or the base.
- In the event of a system alarm with no detector alarms present, remove all detectors
and check the wiring at each base. Pay close attention to the wiring of each EOL
Resistor and EOL Module.
When the system is free of alarms, check each detector to ensure that the red LED indicator is flashing approximately every three seconds. This verifies that the detector is
receiving power and operating properly.
Test each detector to ensure it will cause a control panel alarm. This is the only way to
ensure proper operation.
To alarm the detectors, do one of the following:
- Place a magnet horizontally against the detector’s side (centered over the “T” marked
on the head) to activate an internal reed switch, or
- Use a U.L. listed Aerosol smoke detector tester such as the Home Safeguard Industries’ 25S to simulate an alarm. Follow the instructions with the Aerosol smoke detector tester.
Note: When a detector alarms, the red LED indicator will activate and latch into the
ON position. Clear the alarm before proceeding to the next detector.
Finally, check the overall loading of the alarm loop by measuring the voltage across each
End-of-Line Resistor. This voltage should equal or exceed the minimum specified by the
control panel manufacturer.
5.0 Maintenance
Note: It is important to notify all concerned parties prior to any maintenance or testing
of the fire alarm system, and then again after completion of these activities.
At least once a year, the detector and base should be cleaned. Use a vacuum or clean/
dry compressed air. Particular attention should be paid to the screens. In dusty areas or
areas of heavy insect concentration, cleaning may be required more often.
To clean the detectors, perform the following:
- Remove the detector from the base. Clean the base with a clean cloth and common
window cleaner.
P/N 31342B
D285 Installation Instructions
Page 1
© 1996 Radionics
- Remove the cover of the detector. Use a thin, flathead screwdriver to pry the chassis
from the cover. Insert the screwdriver into the cover slots and pry up (see Figure B).
1
Cover slots
(3)
Detector
chassis
Cover
- Using a thin flathead screwdriver, gently pry the cover tab away from the chamber
(see Figure C) and pull the chamber up and away from the chamber (see Figure C).
Figure B - Removing the detector's cover
2
Chamber
6.1 Visual Check
This detector includes the Chamber Check™ Automatic Trouble Indication which allows
the detector to automatically indicate if its calibration is out of the factory listed range.
This allows you to meet the NFPA guidelines for sensitivity testing by visually inspecting
the detector and checking the flash rate of the LED.
If the calibration is out of range for more than 24 hours, the alarm LED on the detector
will begin to flash once per second. The LED will flash once every 3 seconds when the
detector is operating normally.
Perform the visual check on all detectors before resetting power. Disconnecting the
detector power will erase this indication. If the detector has been reset within the last 24
hours, or you are unsure of the last reset time, you should use the magnet test or voltage
output to confirm the sensitivity.
6.2 Magnet Test
Place a magnet horizontally against the detector, centered over the “T” marked on the
head. Observe the LED.
- If the detector is within the factory marked calibration range, it will go into alarm and
the alarm LED will latch ON.
- If the detector is too sensitive, the LED will flash 6 times rapidly (once every 1/2 second) and then the detector will go into alarm.
- If the detector is not sensitive enough, the LED will flash 4 times slowly (once every
two seconds) and then the detector will go into alarm.
- If the detector is not operational, it will not signal an alarm.
6.3 Voltage Measurement Test
Plug a D1005 Test Cable (optional) into the calibration voltage pins (see Figure D).
Chassis
Chamber
Chassis
Figure C - Removing the detector chamber cover
- Remove any dust or debris from the chassis area using clean, dry compressed air or
a vacuum.
- Replace the chamber. Make sure the hole for the LED (and thermistor) is properly
aligned over the LED (and thermistor). For easiest results, place the chamber parallel
to the chassis, then gently snap the locking tabs into place.
- Replace the detector’s cover. Be careful to line up the holes for the LED (and thermistor).
- Return the detector to its base.
Important: The detectors should be tested for proper calibration after cleaning. Use
Do not paint the detectors. Paint or other foreign matter covering the screens may prohibit or retard smoke from entering the detector.
6.0 Periodic Testing
Note: The calibration of the detector is very important in determining its continued
Note: It is important to notify all concerned parties prior to any maintenance or testing
The calibration can be checked (to meet NFPA 72 “The National Fire Alarm Code” requirements) using any of the following methods. These tests will confirm whether or not
the detector is within its factory marked calibration range.
one of the tests described in Section 6.1, 6.2, or 6.3.
operation. Depending on local regulations, the frequency of calibration testing
may be required more often than once a year. The National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) Standard 72, “The National Fire Alarm Code” recommends
calibration tests be made at installation, after one year, then every other year,
and Functional testing should be done monthly.
of the fire alarm system, and then again after completion of these activities.
™
Calibration
voltage pins
Figure D - Calibration voltage pins
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Connect a digital voltmeter to the D1005 Test Cable. Connect the negative terminal of
the meter to the black wire of the D1005 and connect the positive terminal of the meter to
the test cable’s red wire. The white wire of the D1005 is not used.
- The voltage measured by the voltmeter equals 1/2 the sensitivity (in %/ft. obscuration)
of the detector.
- Multiply the voltage by 2. The result should be within the factory marked calibration
range printed on the label attached to the bottom of the detector.
If the detector is outside of the factory marked calibration range, it should be removed
and cleaned as described in Section 5.0.
- Recheck the calibration voltage measurement.
- If the detector is still outside of the factory marked calibration range after cleaning,
send the unit back to Radionics, Inc. for re-calibration.
6.4 Thermistor Test
Expose the thermistor to a heat source such as a hair dryer or a shielded heat lamp.
Expose the thermistor until the detector goes into alarm and the alarm LED latches on.
Note: Be sure to clear each alarm for each test before proceeding to the next detec-
tor.
7.0 FCC Compliance Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in strict accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
1) Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2) Increase the separation between the equipment and the Receiver.
3) Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from the Receiver.
4) Consult the installing company or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
The booklet, “How to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV Interference Problems,” prepared by the FCC
may prove helpful. It is available from the U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402. Specify Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.
© 1996 Radionics, Inc., Salinas, CA, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
™ The Radionics logo is a registered trademark of Radionics, Inc., Salinas, CA, U.S.A.
Radionics, Inc., 1800 Abbott Street
Salinas, CA, 93901, U.S.A.
Customer Service: (800) 538-5807
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