Rabbit RabbitCore RCM4100 User Manual

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RabbitCore RCM4100

C-Programmable Core Module

User’s Manual

019–0153 • 090508–G

RabbitCore RCM4100

Digi International Inc.

www.rabbit.com

RabbitCore RCM4100 User’s Manual

Part Number 019-0153 • 090508–G • Printed in U .S.A.

Digi International reserves the right to make changes and

improvements to its products without providing n otice.

T r ade mark s

Rabbit and Dynamic C are registered trademarks of Digi International Inc.

Rabbit 4000 and RabbitCore are trademarks of Digi International Inc.

No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the express written permission of Digi International.

Permission is granted to make one or more copies as long as the copyright page contained therein is included. These copies of the manuals may not be let or sold for any reason without the express written permission of Digi International.

The latest revision of this manual is available on the Rabbit Web s ite, www.rabb it.com, for free, unregistered download.

User’s Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1. Introduction 1

1.1 RCM4100 Features...............................................................................................................................2

1.2 Advantages of the RCM4100 ...............................................................................................................4

1.3 Development and Evaluation Tools......................................................................................................5

1.3.1 RCM4110 Development Kit.........................................................................................................5

1.3.2 RCM4100 Analog Development Kit............................................................................................6

1.3.3 Software........................................................................................................................................6

1.3.4 Online Documentation..................................................................................................................6

Chapter 2. Getting Started 7

2.1 Install Dynamic C.................................................................................................................................7

2.2 Hardware Connections..........................................................................................................................8

2.2.1 Step 1 — Prepare the Prototyping Board for Development..........................................................8

2.2.2 Step 2 — Attach Module to Prototyping Board............................................................................9

2.2.3 Step 3 — Connect Programming Cable......................................................................................10

2.2.4 Step 4 — Connect Power............................................................................................................11

2.3 Run a Sample Program.......................................................................................................................12

2.3.1 Troubleshooting..........................................................................................................................12

2.4 Where Do I Go From Here? ...............................................................................................................13

2.4.1 Technical Support.......................................................................................................................13

Chapter 3. Running Sample Programs 15

3.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................15

3.2 Sample Programs................................................................................................................................16

3.2.1 Serial Communication.................................................................................................................18

3.2.2 A/D Converter Inputs (RCM4100 only).....................................................................................21

3.2.2.1 Downloading and Uploading Calibration Constants.......................................................... 22

3.2.3 Real-Time Clock.........................................................................................................................24

Chapter 4. Hardware Reference 25

4.1 RCM4100 Digital Inputs and Outputs................................................................................................26

4.1.1 Memory I/O Interface.................................................................................................................32

4.1.2 Other Inputs and Outputs............................................................................................................32

4.2 Serial Communication ........................................................................................................................33

4.2.1 Serial Ports..................................................................................................................................33

4.2.1.1 Using the Serial Ports......................................................................................................... 34

4.2.2 Programming Port.......................................................................................................................35

4.3 Programming Cable............................................................................................................................36

4.3.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode....................................................................36

4.3.2 Standalone Operation of the RCM4100......................................................................................37

4.4 A/D Converter (RCM4100 only)........................................................................................................38

4.4.1 A/D Converter Power Supply.....................................................................................................40

RabbitCore RCM4100

4.5 Other Hardware..................................................................................................................................41

4.5.1 Clock Doubler ............................................................................................................................41

4.5.2 Spectrum Spreader......................................................................................................................41

4.6 Memory..............................................................................................................................................42

4.6.1 SRAM.........................................................................................................................................42

4.6.2 Flash EPROM.............................................................................................................................42

Chapter 5. Software Reference 43

5.1 More About Dynamic C .....................................................................................................................43

5.2 Dynamic C Function Calls................................................................................................................45

5.2.1 Digital I/O...................................................................................................................................45

5.2.2 Serial Communication Drivers...................................................................................................45

5.2.3 SRAM Use..................................................................................................................................45

5.2.4 Prototyping Board Function Calls..............................................................................................47

5.2.4.1 Board Initialization............................................................................................................ 47

5.2.4.2 Alerts.................................................................................................................................. 48

5.2.5 Analog Inputs (RCM4100 only).................................................................................................49

5.3 Upgrading Dynamic C .......................................................................................................................66

5.3.1 Add-On Modules........................................................................................................................66

Appendix A. RCM4100 Specifications 67

A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics ........................................................................................68

A.1.1 A/D Converter...........................................................................................................................72

A.1.2 Headers......................................................................................................................................73

A.2 Rabbit 4000 DC Characteristics........................................................................................................74

A.3 I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit.............................................................................................75

A.4 Bus Loading ......................................................................................................................................75

A.5 Jumper Configurations......................................................................................................................78

A.6 Conformal Coating............................................................................................................................80

Appendix B. Prototyping Board 81

B.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................82

B.1.1 Prototyping Board Features.......................................................................................................83

B.2 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout.................................................................................................85

B.3 Power Supply.....................................................................................................................................86

B.4 Using the Prototyping Board.............................................................................................................87

B.4.1 Adding Other Components........................................................................................................89

B.4.2 Measuring Current Draw...........................................................................................................89

B.4.3 Analog Features (RCM4100 only)............................................................................................90

B.4.3.1 A/D Converter Inputs........................................................................................................ 90

B.4.3.2 Thermistor Input............................................................................................................... 92

B.4.3.3 A/D Converter Calibration................................................................................................ 92

B.4.4 Serial Communication...............................................................................................................93

B.4.4.1 RS-232 .............................................................................................................................. 94

B.5 Prototyping Board Jumper Configurations........................................................................................95

Appendix C. Power Supply 99

C.1 Power Supplies..................................................................................................................................99

C.1.1 Battery Backup ..........................................................................................................................99

C.1.2 Battery-Backup Circuit............................................................................................................100

C.1.3 Reset Generator........................................................................................................................100

Index 103

Schematics 107

User’s Manual 1

1. INTRODUCTION

The RCM4100 series is the first of the next-generation core modules that take advantage of new Rabbit

4000 features such as hardware DMA, clock speeds of up to 60 MHz, I/O lines shared with up to six serial ports and four levels of alternate pin functions that include variable-phase PWM, auxiliary I/O, quadrature decoder, and input capture. Coupled with more than 500 new opcode instructions that help to reduce code size and improve processing sp eed, this equates to a co re module that i s fast, efficient, and the ideal solution for a wide range of embedded applications.

The Development Kit has the essentials that you need to design your own microprocessor-based system, and includes a complete Dynamic C softw are development system. Th is Development Kit also contains a Prototyping Board that will al low you to evaluate the RCM4100 series and to prototype circuits that interface to the RCM4100 series of modules. You will also be able to write and test software for these modules.

Throughout this manual, the term RCM4100 series refers to the complete series of RCM4100 RabbitCore modules unless other production models are referred to specifically.

The RCM4100 has a Rabbit 4000 microprocessor operating at up to 58.98 MHz, static RAM, flash memory, an 8-channel A/D converter, two clocks (main oscillator and timekeeping), and the circuitry necessary for reset and management of battery backup of the Rabbit 4000’s internal real-time clock and the static RAM. One 50-pin header brings out the Rabbit 4000 I/O bus lines, parallel ports, and serial ports.

The RCM4100 series receives its +3.3 V power from the customer-supplied motherboard on which it is mounted. The RCM4100 series can interface with all kinds of CMOScompatible digital devices through the motherboard.

2 RabbitCore RCM4100

1.1 RCM4100 Features

• Small size: 1.41" × 1.88" × 0.49" (36 mm × 48 mm × 12 mm)

• Microprocessor: Rabbit 4000 running

at up to 58.98 MHz

• Up to 40 general-purpose I/O lines configurable with up to four alternate functions

• 3.3 V I/O lines with low-pow er mo des dow n to 2 kH z

•

Six CMOS-compatible serial ports — f

our ports are configurable as a clocked serial port

(SPI), and two ports are configurable as SDLC/HDLC serial ports.

• Alternate I/O bus can be configured for 8 data lines and 6 address lines (shared with parallel I/O lines), I/O read/write

• 512K flash memory, 256K data SRAM

• Real-time clock

• Watchdog supervisor

User’s Manual 3

There are three RCM4100 production models. Table 1 summarizes their main features.

The RCM4100 series is programmed ove r a stand ard PC US B port t hrough a p rogra mming cable supplied with the Development Kit.

NOTE: The RabbitLink cannot be used to program RabbitCore modules based on the

Rabbit 4000 microprocessor.

Appendix A provides detailed specifications for the RCM4100 series.

Table 1. RCM4100 Features

Feature RCM4100 RCM4110 RCM4120

Microprocessor

Rabbit

4000

at 58.98 MHz

Rabbit® 4000 at 29.49 MHz

Rabbit® 4000

at 58.98 MHz Flash Memory 512K Data SRAM 512K 256K 512K Fast Program-Execution

SRAM

512K — 512K

A/D Converter 12 bits — —

Serial Ports

6 high-speed, CMOScompatible ports:

• all 6 configurable as

asynchronous (with IrDA), 4 as clocked serial (SPI), and 2 as SDLC/HDLC

• 1 asynchronous

clocked serial port shared with programming port

• 1 clocked serial port

shared with A/D converter

6 high-speed, CMOS-compatible ports:

• all 6 configurable as asynchronous (with IrDA),

4 as clocked serial (SPI), and 2 as SDLC/HDLC

• 1 asynchronous clocked serial port shar ed wit h

programming port

4 RabbitCore RCM4100

1.2 Advantages of the RCM4100

• Fast time to market using a fully engineered, “ready-to-run/ready-to-program” microprocessor core.

• Competitive pricing when co mpare d with the alte rnati v e of purcha sing a nd asse mbli ng individual components.

• Easy C-language program development and debugging

• Rabbit Field Utility to download compiled Dynamic C .bin files, and cloning board

options for rapid production loading of programs.

• Generous memory size allows large programs with tens of thousands of lines of code, and substantial data storage.

User’s Manual 5

1.3 Development and Evaluation Tools

1.3.1 RCM4110 Development Kit

The RCM4110 Development Kit contains the hardware essentials you will need to use your RCM4110 module. The items in the Development Kit and their use are as follows.

• RCM4110 module.

• Prototyping Board.

• Universal AC adapter, 12 V DC, 1 A (includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z.,

U.K., and European style plugs). Development Kits sold in North America ma y contain an AC adapter with only a North American style plug.

• Programming cable with integrated level-matching circuitry.

•

10-pin header to DB9 serial cable.

• Dynamic C® CD-ROM, with complete product documentation on disk.

• Getting Started instructions.

• A bag of accessory parts for use on the Prototyping Board.

• Rabbit 4000 Processor Easy Reference poster.

• Registration card.

Figure 1. RCM4110 Development Kit

Rabbit and Dynamic C are registered trademarks of Rabbit Semiconductor Inc.

RabbitCore RCM4110

The RCM4110 RabbitCore module features 16-bit memory, allowing you to create a low-cost, low-power, control solution for your embedded application. These Getting Started instructions included with the Development Kit will help you get your RCM4100 up and running so that you can run the sample programs to explore its capabilities and develop your own applications.

Development Kit Contents

The RCM4110 Development Kit contains the following items:

• RCM4110 module.

• Prototyping Board.

• Universal AC adapter, 12 V DC, 1 A (includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z., U.K., and European

style plugs). Development Kits sold in North America may contain an AC adapter with only a North American style plug.

• Programming cable with integrated level-matching circuitry.

• 10-pin header to DB9 serial cable.

• Dynamic C

CD-ROM, with complete product documentation on disk.

• Getting Started instructions.

• Plastic and metal standoffs with 4-40 screws and washers.

• A bag of accessory parts for use on the Prototyping

Board.

• Rabbit 4000 Processor Easy Reference poster.

• Registration card.

Visit our online Rabbit store at www.rabbit.com/store/ for the latest information on peripherals and accessories that are available for all RCM4100 RabbitCore module models.

Installing Dynamic C

Insert the CD from the Development Kit in your PC’s CD-ROM drive. If the installation does not auto-start, run the setup.exe pro- gram in the root directory of the Dynamic C CD. Install any Dynamic C modules after you install Dynamic C

Getting Started

Instructions

Prototyping Board

Accessory Parts for

Prototyping Board

Serial Cable

Programming

Cable

R 1

PWR

DS1

GND

BT1

RESET

RX81

RX83

RX11

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

RX67

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

7 R

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR VBAT EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1

LN1 PD3 LN3

PD5

LN5 PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0

LN0

PD2

LN2

PD4

LN4

PD6

LN6

CVT

AGND

C8C7C

R10

R8R6R4R3R5R

R20

R29

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX3

RX59

R25

C15

C18

JP16 JP6

JP5

JP12

JP4

JP3

JP14

JP8

JP7 JP18 JP9

JP10

C16

RX43

Universal

AC Adapter

with Plugs

C20

C21

R5 R6 R7

R9 R10 R11

R12

R13

C9 C10 C11 C12

C13

C14 C15 C16

RP1

JP6

JP5

JP4

TP2

R38

R37 R21

C17 C18 C52

C56

R23

R22

JP3

C6C7R4

C53

PROG

DIAG

6 RabbitCore RCM4100

1.3.2 RCM4100 Analog Development Kit

The RCM4100 Analog Development Kit contains the hardware essentials you will need to use the RCM4100 module. The RCM4100 Analog Development Kit contents are similar to those of the RCM4110 Development Kit, except that the RCM4100 module is included instead of the RCM4110 module.

1.3.3 Software

The RCM4100 series is programmed using version 10.01 or later of Dynamic C.

A compat-

ible version is included on the Developm ent Kit CD-RO M .

Starting with Dynamic C version 10.40, Dynamic C includes the popular µC/OS-II realtime operating system, point-to-point protocol (PPP), FAT file system, RabbitWeb, and other select libraries. Rabbit also offers for purchase the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) library.

In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephone-based technical support module is also available for purchase. Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com or contact your Rabbit sales representative or authorized distribu- tor for further information.

1.3.4 Online Documentation

The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C, and an icon for the documentation menu is placed on the workstation’s desktop. Double-click this icon to reach the menu. If the icon is missing, use your browser to find and load

default.htm in the docs

folder, found in the Dynamic C installation folder. The latest versions of all documents are always available for free, unregistered download

from our Web sites as well.

User’s Manual 7

2. GETTING S TARTED

This chapter de scribes the RC M4100 series in more detail, an d explains how to set up and use the accompanying Prototyping Board.

NOTE: This chapter (and thi s manual) assume that you have t he RCM4100 Development

Kit. If you purchased an RCM4100 module by itself, you will have to adapt the information in this chapter and elsewhere to your test and development setup.

2.1 Install Dynamic C

To develop and debug programs for the RCM4100 series (and for all other Rabbit hardware), you must install and use Dynamic C.

If you have not yet installed Dynamic C version 10.01 (or a later version), do so now by inserting the Dynamic C CD from the RCM4100 Development Kit in your PC’ s CD-ROM drive. If autorun is enabled, the CD installation will begin automatically.

If autorun is disabled or the installation does not start, use the Windows Start | Run menu or Windows Disk Explorer to launch setup.exe from the root folder of the CD-ROM.

The installation program will guide you through the installation process. Most steps of the process are self-explanatory.

Dynamic C uses a COM (serial ) port to c ommunica te with the tar get developme nt syste m. The installation allows you to choose the COM port that will be used. The default selection is COM1. You may select any available port for Dynamic C’s use. If you are not certain which port is available, select COM1. This selection can be changed later within Dynamic C.

NOTE: The installation utility does not check the selected COM port in any way. Speci-

fying a port in u se by a nother device (mouse, modem, etc.) may lead to a message such as "could not open serial port" when Dynamic C is started.

Once your installation is complete, you will have up to three new icons on your PC desktop. One icon is for Dynamic C, one opens the documentation menu, and the third is for the Rabbit Field Utility, a tool used to download precompiled software to a target system.

If you have purchased any of the optional Dynamic C modules, install them after installing Dynamic C. The modules may be installed in any order. You must install the modules in the same directory where Dynamic C was installed.

8 RabbitCore RCM4100

2.2 Hardware Connections

There are three steps to connecting the Prototyping Board for use with Dynamic C and the sample programs:

1. Prepare the Prototyping Board for Development.

2. Attach the RCM4100 module to the Prototyping Board.

3. Connect the programming cable between the RCM4100 and the PC.

4. Connect the power supply to the Prototyping Board.

2.2.1 Step 1 — Prepare the Prototyping Board for Development

Snap in four of the plastic standoffs supplied in the bag of accessory parts from the Development Kit in the holes at the corners as shown.

Figure 2. Insert Standoffs

PWR

DS1

GND

3.3 V

BT1

RESET

RX81

X41

RX83

RX11

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

X17

RX67

X45

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27R

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1

LN1

PD3

LN3 PD5 LN5

PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0

LN0

PD2 LN2 PD4

LN4

PD6

LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24JP

C14C12C

C8C7C

R10

R8R6R4R3R5R

R20

R18R16R14R13R15R

R29

JP11JP15JP19JP21JP22

JP20

JP17

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

X33U

UX3

RX59

R25

C15

C18

JP16 JP6

JP5

JP12

JP4

JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

6INLN4INLN2INLN0IN

7INLN5INLN3INLN1IN

RX43

User’s Manual 9

2.2.2 Step 2 — Attach Module to Prototyping Board

Turn the RCM4100 module so that the mounting holes line up with the corresponding holes on the Prototyping Board. Insert the m et al st an d offs as shown, secure them from the bottom using two screws and washers, then insert the module’s header J2 on the bottom side into socket RCM1 on the Prototyping Board.

Figure 3. Install the Module on the Prototyping Board

NOTE: It is important that you line up the pins on header J2 of the module exactly with

socket RCM1 on the Pr ototyp ing Boa rd. The header pins may bec ome b ent or da maged if the pin alignment is offset, and the module will not work. Permanent electrical damage to the module may also result if a misaligned module is powered up.

Press the module’s pins gently into the Prototyping Board socket—press down in the area above the header pins. For additional integrity, you may secure the RCM4100 to the standoffs from the top using the remaining two screws and washers.

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

+3.3 V

BT1

S1 RESET

RXD TXD

TXC RXC

GND

UX29

RX81

RX87

CX41

RX83

RX11

CX39

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

CX29

CX17

RX67

UX45

RX85

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27

R28

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT

EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1 LN1

PD3 LN3

PD5 LN5

PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0 LN0

PD2 LN2

PD4 LN4

PD6 LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24

JP23

C14

C12

C10

C8C7C9

C11

C13

R10

R8R6R4R3R5

R20

R18

R16

R14

R13

R15

R17

R29

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX33UX31

RX89

UX3

UX37 UX42

UX41

RX63

RX65

RX61

RX59

R26

R25

C15

C19 C20

C18

C17

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

R11

R12

RX47

RX43

RCM4100

RCM1

JP1

JP2

JP9

JP6

JP7

JP3

JP5

JP4

R10

R11

C15

RP2

C16 C17

R27

RP1

R15

C23

R17

R16

C21

C14

R19

R18

R22

R23

C27

C28

R21

JP8

JP10

JP11

JP12

C6 C7

C10 C11

C12

C13

R12

C24

R14

C25 C26

C19 C20

C18

R13

C30 C31

C34 C35

C32

C33

C29

C38 C39

C37

C36

Line up mounting holes with holes on Prototyping Board.

Insert standoffs between mounting holes and Prototyping Board.

10 RabbitCore RCM4100

2.2.3 Step 3 — Connect Programming Cable

The programming cable connects the module to the PC running Dynamic C to download programs and to monitor the module during debugging.

Connect the 10-pin connector of the programming cable labeled

PROG to header J1 on

the RCM4100 as shown in Figure 4. Be sure to orient the marked (usually red) edge of the cable towards pin 1 of the connector. (Do not use the DIAG connector , which is used for a normal serial connection.)

Figure 4. Connect Programming Cable and Power Supply

NOTE: Never disconnect the programming cable by pulling on the ribbon cable.

Carefully pull on the connector to remove it from the header.

NOTE: Either a serial or a USB programmin g cab le was su pplie d with th is Developmen t

Kit. If you have a serial programming cable, an RS-232/USB converter (Rabbit Part No. 20-151-0178) is available to allow you to use the serial programming cable with a USB port.

Depending on the programming cable, connect the other end to a COM port or a USB port on your PC.

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

+3.3 V

BT1

S1 RESET

RXD TXD

TXC RXC

GND

UX29

RX81

RX87

CX41

RX83

RX11

CX39

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

CX29

CX17

RX67

UX45

RX85

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27

R28

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT

EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1 LN1

PD3 LN3

PD5 LN5

PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0 LN0

PD2 LN2

PD4 LN4

PD6 LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24

JP23

C14

C12

C10

C8C7C9

C11

C13

R10

R8R6R4R3R5

R20

R18

R16

R14

R13

R15

R17

R29

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX33UX31

RX89

UX3

UX37 UX42

UX41

RX63

RX65

RX61

RX59

R26

R25

C15

C19 C20

C18

C17

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

R11

R12

RX47

RX43

JP1

JP2

JP9

JP6

JP7

JP3

JP5

JP4

R10

R11

C15

RP2

C16 C17

R27

RP1

R15

C23

R17

R16

C21

C14

R19

R18

R22

R23

C27

C28

R21

JP8

JP10

JP11

JP12

C6 C7

C10 C11

C12

C13

R12

C24

R14

C25 C26

C19 C20

C18

R13

C30

C31

C34 C35

C32

C33

C29

C38

C39

C37

C36

RESET

AC Adapter

Remove slot cover, insert tab into slot

Snap plug into place

Assemble

AC Adapter

3-pin

power connector

Colored

edge

PC COM port

or USB port

PROG

DIAG

Programming

Cable

PROG

User’s Manual 11

If you are using a USB programming cable, your PC should recognize the new USB hardware, and the LEDs in the shrink-wrapped area of the programming cable will flash — if you get an error message, you will have to install USB drivers. Drivers for Windows XP are available in the Dynamic C Drivers\Rabbit USB Programming Cable\

WinXP_2K

folder — double-click DPInst.exe to install the USB drivers. Drivers for

other operating systems are available online at www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/VCP .htm.

2.2.4 Step 4 — Connect Power

Once all the other connections have been made, you can connect power to the Prototyping Board.

If you have the universal AC adapter , prepare the AC adapter for the country where it will be used by selecting the appropriate plug. Insert the top of the plug assembly into the slot at the top of the AC adapter as shown in Figure 4, then press down on the plug until it clicks into place.

Connect the AC adapter to 3-pin header J1 on the Prototyping Board as shown in Figure 4 above. The connector may be attached either way as long as it is not offset to one side— the center pin of J1 is always connected to the positive terminal, and either edge pin is ground.

Plug in the AC adapter. The PWR LED on the Prototyping Board next to the power connector at J1 should light up. The RCM4100 and the Prototyping Board are now ready to be used.

NOTE: A RESET button is provided on the Pro totyping Boar d next to t he batter y holder

to allow a hardware reset without disconnecting power.

To power down the Prototyping Board, unplug the power connector from J1. You should disconnect power before making any circuit adjustments in the prototyping area, changing any connections to the board, or removing the RCM4100 from the Prototyping Board.

12 RabbitCore RCM4100

2.3 Run a Sample Program

Once the RCM4100/RCM4110 is connected as described in the preceding pages, start Dynamic C by double-clicking on the Dynamic C icon on your desktop or in your

Start

menu. If you are using a USB port to connect your computer to the RCM4100/RCM4110, click

on the “Communications” tab and verify that

Use USB to Serial Converter is selected to

support the USB programming cable. Click

OK. You may have to determine which COM

port was assigned to the RS-232/USB converter. Open

Control Panel > System > Hard-

ware > Device Manager > Ports

and identify which COM port is used for the USB con-

nection. In Dynamic C, select

Options > Project Options, then select this COM port on

the

Communications tab, then click OK. You may type the COM port number followed by

Enter on your computer keyboard if the COM port number is outside the range on the drop-

down menu. Now find the file PONG.C, which is in the Dynamic C SAMPLES folder. To run the pro-

gram, open it with the

File menu, compile it usin g the Compile menu, and then run it by

selecting

Run in the Run menu. The STDIO window will open on your PC and will dis-

play a small square bouncing around in a box.

2.3.1 Troubleshooting

If Dynamic C appears to compile the BIOS successfully, but you then receive a communication error message when you compile and load a sample program, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the higher program-loading baud rate. Try changing the maximum download rate to a slower baud rate as follows.

• Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Project Options >

Communications

menu. Select a slower Max download baud rate.

If a program compiles and loads, but then loses target communication before you can begin debugging, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the default debugging baud rate. Try lowering the debugging baud rate as follows.

• Locate the

Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Project Options >

Communications

menu. Choose a lower debug baud rate.

If you receive the message

No Rabbit Processor Detected, the programming cable

may be connected to the wrong COM port, a connection may be faulty, or the target system may not be powered up. First, check to see that the power LED on the Prototyping Board is lit and that the jumper across pins 5–6 of header JP10 on the Prototyping B oard is installed. If the LED is lit, check both ends of the programming cable to ensure that it is firmly plugged into the PC and the programming header on the RCM4100 wi th the marked (colored) edge of the programming cable tow ards pin 1 of the programming header . Ensure that the module is firmly and correctly installed in its connectors on the Prototyping Board.

If there are no faults with the hardware, select a different COM port within Dynamic C as explained for the USB port above. Press <Ctrl-Y> to force Dynamic C to r ecom pile the BIOS. If Dy n a mic C still reports it is unable to locate the target sys tem, repeat the above steps for another av ail able C OM po rt. You should receive a

Bios compiled success-

fully

message once this step is completed successfully.

User’s Manual 13

2.4 Where Do I Go From Here?

If the sample program ran fine, you are now ready to go on to the sample programs in the RCM4100 User’s Manual (click the documentation icon on your PC) and to develop your own applications. The sa mple prog rams

can be easily modified for your own use. The user's

manual also provides complete hardware reference infor mation and software funct ion calls for the RCM4100 and the Prototyping Board.

For advanced development topics, refer to the Dynamic C User’s Manual, also in the online documentation set, which is on the Dynamic C CD in a docs folder..

2.4.1 Technical Support

NOTE: If you purchased your RCM4100 t hrough a di strib utor or thr ough a Rabbi t partn er,

contact the distrib utor or partner first for tec hnical support.

If there are any problems at this point:

• Use the Dynamic C

Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C.

• Check the Rabbit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www.rabbit.com/support/bb/ and at www.rabbit.com/forums/.

• Use the Technical Support e-mail form at www.rabbit.com/support/.

14 RabbitCore RCM4100

User’s Manual 15

3. RUNNING SAMPLE PROGRAMS

To develop and debug programs for the RCM4100 series (and for all other Rabbit hardware), you must install and use Dynamic C. This chapter provides a tour of its major features with respect to the RCM4100 series.

3.1 Introduction

T o help familiarize you with the RCM4100 series of modules, Dynamic C includes several sample programs. Loading, executing and studying these programs will give you a solid hands-on overview of the RCM4100 series’ capabilities, as well as a quick start with Dynamic C as an application development tool.

NOTE:

The sample progr ams assum e that you ha ve at lea st an e lemen tary gr asp of A NSI C.

If you do not, see the introductory pages of the Dynamic C User’s Manual for a sug- gested reading list.

In order to run the sample programs discussed in this chapter and elsewhere in this manual,

1. Your module must be plugged in to the Prototyping Board as described in Chapter 2, “Getting Started.”

2. Dynamic C must be installed and running on your PC.

3. The programming cable must connect the programming header on the module to your PC.

4. Power must be applied to the module through the Prototyping Board.

Refer to Chapter 2, “Getting Started,” if you need further information on these steps. To run a sample program, open it with the

File menu (if it is not still open), then compile

and run it by pressing F9. Each sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the pro-

gram. Follow the instructions at the beginning of the sample program. More complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.

16 RabbitCore RCM4100

3.2 Sample Programs

Of the many sample programs included with Dynamic C, several are specific to the RCM4100 series of modules. These programs will be found in the SAMPLES\RCM4100 folder.

• CONTROLLED.C—Demonstrates use of the digital outputs by having you turn LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board on or off from the STDIO window on your PC.

Parallel Port B bit 2 = LED DS2 Parallel Port B bit 3 = LED DS3

Once you compile and run CONTROLLED.C, the following display will appear in the Dynamic C STDIO window.

Press “2” or “3” on your keyboard to select LED DS2 or DS3 on the Prototyping Board. Then follow the prompt in the Dynamic C

STDIO window to turn the LED ON

or OFF. A logic low will light up the LED you selected.

• FLASHLED1.C—demonstrates the use of assembly language to flash LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board at different rates. Once you have compiled and run this program, LEDs DS2 and DS3 will flash on/off at different rates.

•

FLASHLED2.C—demonstrates the use of cofunctions and costatements to flash LEDs

DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board at different rates. Once you have compiled and run this program, LEDs DS2 and DS3 will flash on/off at different rates.

User’s Manual 17

• LOW_POWER.C—demonstrates how to implement a function in RAM to reduce power consumption by the Rabbit microprocessor . There are four features that lead to the lowest possible power draw by the microprocessor.

1. Run the CPU from the 32 kHz crystal.

2. Turn off the high-frequency crystal oscillator.

3. Run from RAM.

4. Ensure that internal I/O instructions do not use CS0.

Once you are ready to compile and run this sample program, use <Alt-F9> instead of just

F9. This will disable polling, which will allow Dynamic C to continue debugging

once the target starts running off the 32 kHz oscillator. This sample program will toggle LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board. You

may use an oscilloscope. DS2 will blink the fastest. After switching to low power , both LEDs will blink together.

• TAMPERDETECTION.C—demonstrates how to detect an attempt to enter the bootstrap mode. When an attempt is detected, the battery-backed onchip-encryption RAM on the Rabbit 4000 is erased. This battery-backed onchip-encryption RAM can be useful to store data such as an AES encryption key from a remote location.

This sample program shows how to load and read the battery-backed onchip-encryption RAM and how to enable a visual indicator.

Once this sample is compiled running (you have pressed the

F9 key while the sample

program is open), remove the programming cable and press the reset button on the Prototyping Board to reset the module. LEDs DS2 and DS3 will be flashing on and off.

Now press switch S2 to load the battery-backed RAM with the encryption key. The LEDs are now on continuously. Notice that the LEDs will stay on even when you press the reset button on the Prototyping Board.

Reconnect the programming cable briefly and unplug it again. The LEDs will be flashing because the battery-backed onchip-encryption RAM has been erased. Notice that the LEDs will continue flashing even when you press the reset button on the Prototyping Board.

You may press switch S2 again and repeat the last steps to watch the LEDs.

•

TOGGLESWITCH.C—demonstrates the use of costatements to detect switch presses

using the press-and-release method of debouncing. LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board are turned on and off when you press switches S2 and S3. S2 and S3 are controlled by PB4 and PB5 respectively.

Once you have loaded and executed these five programs and have an understanding of how Dynamic C and the RCM4100 series of modules interact, you can move on and try the other sample programs, or begin building your own.

18 RabbitCore RCM4100

3.2.1 Serial Communication

The following sample programs are found in the SAMPLES\RCM4100\SERIAL folder.

•

FLOWCONTROL.C—This program demonstrates how to configure Serial Port D for

CTS/RTS with serial data coming from Serial Port C (TxC) at 115,200 bps. The serial data received are displayed in the

STDIO window.

To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie TxD and RxD together on the RS-232 header at J4, and you will also tie TxC and RxC together using the jumpers supplied in the Development Kit as shown in the diagram.

A repeating triangular pattern should print out in the STDIO window. The program will periodically switch flow control on or of f to demonstrate the ef fec t of no flow control.

If you have two Prototyping Boards with modules, run this sample program on the sending board, then disconnect the programming cable and reset the sending board so that the module is operating in the Run mode. Connect TxC, TxD, and GND on the sending board to RxC, RxD, and GND on the other board, then, with the programming cable attached to the other module, run the sample program.

•

PARITY.C—This program demonstrates the use of parity modes by

repeatedly sending byte values 0–127 from Serial Port C to Serial Port D. The program will switch between generating parity or not on Serial Port C. Serial Port D will always be checking parity, so parity errors should occur during every other sequence.

To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie TxC and RxD together on the RS-232 header at J4 using one of the jumpers supplied in the Development Kit as shown in the diagram.

The Dynamic C STDIO window will display the error sequence.

•

SERDMA.C—This program demonstrates using DMA to transfer data from the circular

buffer to the serial port and vice versa. The Dynamic C STDIO window is used to view or clear the buffer.

Before you compile and run the sample program, you will need to connect the RS-232 header at J4 to your PC as shown in the diagram using the serial to DB9 cable supplied in the Development Kit.

Once you have compiled and run the sample program,

start Tera Term or another terminal emulation program to connect to th e PC serial port using a baud rate of 115,200 bps. You can observe the output in the

Dynamic C STDIO window as you type in Tera Term, and you can also use the Dynamic C

STDIO window to clear the buffer.

The Tera Term serial utility can be downloaded from

hp.vector.co.jp/authors/VA002416/teraterm.html.

RxC TxC

GND

TxD RxD

RxC

RxD GND

TxD

TxC

RxC

TxC

GND

TxD

RxD

Colored

edge

User’s Manual 19

• SIMPLE3WIRE.C—This program demonstrates basic RS-232 serial communication. Lower case characters are sent by TxC, and are received by RxD. The characters are converted to upper case and are sent out by TxD, are received by RxC, and are displayed in the Dynamic C STDIO window.

To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie TxD and RxC together on the RS-232 header at J4, and you will also tie RxD and TxC together using the jumpers supplied in the Development Kit as shown in the diagram.

•

SIMPLE5WIRE.C—This program demonstrates 5-wire RS-232 serial communication

with flow control on Serial Port D and data flow on Serial Port C. To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie TxD and RxD

together on the RS-232 header at J4, and you will also tie TxC and RxC together using the jumpers supplied in the Development Kit as shown in the diagram.

Once you have compiled and run this program, you can test flow control by disconnecting TxD from RxD while the program is running. Characters will no longer appear in the

STDIO window, and will display again once TxD is connected

back to RxD. If you have two Prototyping Boards with modules, run this sample program on the

sending board, then disconnect the programming cable and reset the sending board so that the module is operating in the Run mode. Connect TxC, TxD, and GND on the sending board to RxC, RxD, and GND on the other board, then, with the programming cable attached to the other module, run the sample program. Once you have compiled and run this program, you can test flow control by disconnecting TxD from RxD as before while the program is running.

• SWITCHCHAR.C—This program demonstrates transmitting and then receiving an ASCII string on Serial Ports C and D. It also displays the serial data received from both ports in the

STDIO window.

Once you have compiled and run this program, press and release switches S2 and S3 on the Prototyping Board. The data sent between the serial ports will be displayed in the

STDIO window.

RxC TxC

GND

TxD RxD

RxC TxC

GND

TxD RxD

RxC TxC

GND

TxD RxD

20 RabbitCore RCM4100

• IOCONFIG_SWITCHECHO.C—This program demonstrates how to set up Serial Ports E and F, which then transmit and then receive an ASCII string when switch S2 or S3 is pressed. The echoed serial data are displayed in the Dynamic C

STDIO window.

Note that the I/O lines that carry the Serial Port E and F signals are not the Rabbit 4000 defaults. The Serial Port E and F I/O lines are configured by calling the library function

serEFconfig() that was ge nerated by the Ra bbit 4000 IOCONFIG.EXE utility program.

Serial Port E is configured to use Parallel Port E bits PE6 and PE7. These signals are available on the Prototyping Board's Module Extension Header (header J2).

Serial Port F is configured to use Parallel Port C bits PC2 and PC3. These signals are available on the Prototyping Board's RS-232 connector (header J4).

Serial Port D is left in its default configuration, using Parallel Port C bits PC0 and PC1. These signals are available on the Prototyping Board's RS-232 connector (header J4). Serial Port D transmits and then receives an ASCII string with Serial Port F when switch S3 is pressed.

Also note that there are two libraries generated by IOCONFIG.EXE in the Dynamic C

SAMPLES\RCM4100\SERIAL folder for the 29 MHz RCM4110 and the 58 MHz

RCM4100 and RCM4120. T o set up the Prototypi ng Board, you will need to tie TxD

and RxC together on the RS-232 header at J4 using the jumpers supplied in the Development Kit; you will also tie TxE (PD6) and RxE (PD7) together with a soldered wire or with a wire jumper if you have soldered in the IDC header supplied with the accessory parts in the Development Kit.

Once you have compiled and run this program, press and release switches S2 or S3 on the Prototyping Board. The data echoed between the serial ports will be displayed in the

STDIO window.

TxC

GND

RxD

TxD

RxC

+3.3 V

/RST_OUT

PE5 PE7

PD1/LN1

PD3/LN3 PD5/LN5 PD7/LN7

VREF

GND /IORD

PE6

PD0/LN0 PD2/LN2 PD4/LN4 PD6/LN6 CVT AGND

User’s Manual 21

3.2.2 A/D Converter Inputs (RCM4100 only)

The following sample programs are found in the SAMPLES\RCM4100\ADC folder.

• AD_CAL_ALL.C—Demonstrates how to recalibrate all the single-ended analog input

channels with one gain using two known voltages to generate the calibration constants for each channel. The constants will be written into the user block data area.

Connect a positive voltage from 0–20 V DC (for example, the power supply positive output) to analog input channels LN0IN–LN6IN on the Prototyping Board, and connect the ground to GND. Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage, and follow the instructions in the Dynamic C

STDIO window once you compile and run this sample program. Remember

that analog input LN7 on the Prototyping Board is used with the thermistor and is not be used with this sample program.

NOTE: The above sample program will overwrite the existing calibration constants.

• AD_CAL_CHAN.C—Demonstrates how to recalibrate one single-ended analog input

channel with one gain using two known voltages to generate the calibration constants for that channel. The constants will be rewritten into the user block data area.

Connect a positive voltage from 0–20 V DC (for example, the power supply positive output) to an analog input cha nne l on the Prot otyping Board, and connect th e ground to GND. Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage , and follow the instruct ions in the Dynamic C

STDIO

window once you compile and run this sample program. Remember that analog input LN7 on the Prototyping Board is used with the thermistor and is not be used with this sample program.

NOTE: The above sample program will overwrite the existing calibration constants for

the selected channel.

• AD_RDVOLT_ALL.C—Demonstrates how to read all single-ended A/D input channels

using previously defined calibration constants. The constants used to compute equivalent voltages are read from the user bl ock data area, so the sample program cannot be run usi ng the “Code and BIOS in RAM” compiler option.

Compile and run this sample program once you have connected a positive voltage from 0– 20 V DC (for example, the power supply positive output) to ana log input channels LN0IN– LN6IN on the Prototyping Board, and ground to GND. Follow the prompts in the Dynamic C

STDIO window. Raw data and the computed equivalent voltages will be displayed.

Remember that analog input LN7 on the Prototyping Boar d is used with the the rmistor and is not be used with this sample program.

• AD_SAMPLE.C—Demonstrates how to how to use a low level driver on single-ended

inputs. The program will continuously display the voltage (averaged over 10 samples) that is present on an A/D converter channel (except LN7). The constants used to compute equivalent voltages are read from the use r block data area, so the sample program canno t be run using the “Code and BIOS in RAM” compiler option.

Compile and run this sample program once you have connected a positive voltage from 0– 20 V DC to an analog input (except LN7) on the Prototyping Board, and ground to GND. Follow the prompts in the Dynamic C

STDIO window. Raw data and the computed equiv-

alent voltages will be displayed. If you attach a voltmeter between the analog input and ground, you will be able to observe that the voltage in the Dynamic C

STDIO window

tracks the voltage applied to the analog input as you vary it.

22 RabbitCore RCM4100

• THERMISTOR.C—Demonstrates how to use analog input LN7 to calculate temperature for display to the Dynamic C STDIO window. This sample program assumes that the thermistor is the one included in the Development Kit whose values for beta, series resistance, and resistance at standard temperature are given in the part specification.

Install the thermistor at location JP25 on the Prototyping Board before running this sample program. Observe the temperature changes shown in the Dynamic C

STDIO

window as you apply heat or cold air to the thermistor.

3.2.2.1 Downloading and Uploading Calibration Constan ts

The Tera Term utility called for in these sample programs can be downloaded from

hp.vector.co.jp/authors/VA002416/teraterm.html.

These sample programs must be compiled to flash memory. To do so, select Options >

Project Options

in Dynamic C, then select the “Compiler” tab, and select “Code and

BIOS in Flash” for the

BIOS Memory Setting.

Before you compile and run these sample programs, you will also need to connect the RS-232 header at J4 to your PC as shown in the diagram using the serial to DB9 cable supplied in the Development Kit.

•

DNLOADCALIB.C—Demonstrates how to retrieve

analog calibration data to rewrite it back to the user block using a terminal emulation utility such as Tera Term.

Start T era Term or another terminal emulation program on your PC, and configure the serial parameters as follows.

Now compile and run this sample program. Verify that the message “Waiting, Please Send Data file” message is being display in the Tera Term display window before proceeding.

Within Tera Term, select

File-->Send File-->Path and filename, then select the

OPEN option within the dialog box. Once the data file has been downloaded, Tera

Term will indicate whether the calibration data were written successfully.

• UPLOADCALIB.C—Demonstrates how to read the analog calibration constants from the user block using a terminal emulation utility such as Tera Term.

Start Tera Term or another terminal emulation program on your PC, and configure the serial parameters as follows.

• Baud rate 19,200 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit

• Enable Local Echo opt io n

• Feed options — Receive = CR, Transmit = CR + LF

RxC

TxC

GND

TxD

RxD

Colored

edge

User’s Manual 23

Follow the remaining steps carefully in Tera Term to avoid overwriting previously saved calibration data when using same the file name.

T era T erm is now ready to log all data received on the serial port to the file you specified. Y ou are now ready to compile and run this sample program. A message will be displayed

in the Tera Term display window once the sample program is running. Enter the serial number you assigned to your RabbitCore module in the Tera Term

display window, then press the ENTER key. The Tera Term display window will now display the calibration data.

Now select

CLOSE from within the Tera Term LOG window, which will likely be a

separate pop-up window minimized at the bottom of your PC screen. This finishes the logging and closes the file.

Open your data file and verify that the calibration data have been written properly. A sample is shown below.

• Baud rate 19,200 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit

• Enable Local Echo opt io n

• Feed options — Receive = CR, Transmit = CR + LF

• Enable the File APPEND option at the bottom of the dialog box

• Select the OPEN option at the right-hand side of the dialog box

Serial port transmission ========================

Uploading calibration table . . .

Enter the serial number of your controller = 9MN234

SN9MN234

ADSE

0 float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, 1 float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, | |

ADDF

0 float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, 2 float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset,float_gain,float_offset, | |

ADMA

3 float_gain,float_offset, 4 float_gain,float_offset, | |

END

24 RabbitCore RCM4100

3.2.3 Real-Time Clock

If you plan to use the real-time clock functionality in your application, you will need to set the real-time clock. Set the real-time clock using the SETRTCKB.C sample program from the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RTCLOCK folder, using the onscreen prompts. The

RTC_TEST.C sample program in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RTCLOCK folder provides

additional examples of how to read and set the real-time clock.

User’s Manual 25

4. HARDWARE REFERENCE

Chapter 4 describes the hardware components and principal hardware subsystems of the RCM4100 series. Appendix A, “RCM4100 Specifications,” provides complete physical and electrical specifications.

Figure 5 shows the Rabbit-based subsystems designed into the RCM4100.

Figure 5. RCM4100 Subsystems

SRAM

Flash

RabbitCore Module

RABBIT

4000

RS-232 and other

serial drivers

on motherboard

logic-level serial signal

Level

converter

32 kHz

osc

29.49 MHz osc

A/D Converter

26 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.1 RCM4100 Digital Inputs and Outputs

Figure 6 shows the RCM4100 series pinouts for header J2.

Figure 6. RCM4100 Series Pinout

Headers J2 is a standard 2 × 25 IDC header with a nominal 1.27 mm pitch.

Note:

These pinouts are as seen on the Bottom Side of the module.

+3.3 V_IN

/RESET_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT_EXT

PA1 PA3 PA5

PA7 PB1 PB3 PB5 PB7 PC1 PC3 PC5 PC7 PE1 PE3

PE5/SMODE0

PE7/STATUS

PD1/LN1 PD3/LN3 PD5/LN5 PD7/LN7

n.c./VREF

GND /IORD /RESET_IN PA0 PA2 PA4 PA6 PB0 PB2 PB4 PB6 PC0 PC2 PC4 PC6 PE0 PE2 PE4 PE6/SMODE1 PD0/LN0 PD2/LN2 PD4/LN4 PD6/LN6 n.c./CONVERT GND

n.c. = not connected

User’s Manual 27

Figure 7 shows the use of the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor ports in the RCM4100 series of modules.

Figure 7. Use of Rabbit 4000 Ports

The ports on the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor used in the RCM4100 series are configurable, and so the factory defaults can be reconfigured. Table 2 lists the Rabbit 4000 factory defaults and the alternate configurations.

ABBIT

4000

Port A

Port B

Port D

Port E

PA0PA7

PB2PB7

PE0PE7

PD0PD7

Watchdog

11 Timers

Clock Doubler

Slave Port

Real-Time Clock

RAM

Backup Battery

Support

Flash

Misc. I/O

PC4*

PC5*

Port C

(Serial Ports C & D)

Programming

Port

(Serial Port A)

A/D Converter (Serial Port B)

PB1, PC6, STATUS

PC0, PC2

PC1, PC3

Serial Ports E & F

PC4 and PC5 are not available on RCM4100 module.

/RESET_OUT /IORD /IOWR

/RES_IN

PC7, /RES,

SMODE0, SMODE1

28 RabbitCore RCM4100

Table 2. RCM4100 Series Pinout Config urations

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

1 +3.3 V_IN 2GND

3 /RES_OUT Reset output Reset input

Reset output from Reset

Generator 4 /IORD Output External read strobe 5 /IOWR Output External write strobe 6 /RESET_IN Input Input to Reset Generator 7 VBAT_EXT Battery input

8–15 PA[0:7] Input/Output

Slave port data bus

(SD0–SD7)

External I/O data bus

(ID0–ID7)

16 PB0 Input/Output

SCLKB External I/O Address IA6

CLKB

17 PB1 Input/Output

SCLKA External I/O Address IA7

Programming port CLKA

18 PB2 Input/Output

/SWR External I/O Address IA0

19 PB3 Input/Output

/SRD External I/O Address IA1

20 PB4 Input/Output

SA0 External I/O Address IA2

21 PB5 Input/Output

SA1 External I/O Address IA3

22 PB6 Input/Output

/SCS External I/O Address IA4

23 PB7 Input/Output

/SLAVATN External I/O Address IA5

User’s Manual 29

24 PC0 Input/Output

TXD I/O Strobe I0 Timer C0 TCLKF

Serial Port D

25 PC1 Input/Output

RXD/TXD I/O Strobe I1 Timer C1 RCLKF Input Capture

26 PC2 Input/Output

TXC/TXF I/O Strobe I2 Timer C2

Serial Port C

27 PC3 Input/Output

RXC/TXC/RXF I/O Strobe I3 Timer C3 SCLKD Input Capture

28 PC4 Input/Output

TXB I/O Strobe I4 PWM0 TCLKE

Serial Port B

29 PC5 Input/Output

RXB/TXB I/O Strobe I5 PWM1 RCLKE Input Capture

30 PC6 Input/Output

TXA/TXE I/O Strobe I6 PWM2

Programming port

31 PC7 Input/Output

RXA/TXA/RXE I/O Strobe I7 PWM3 SCLKC Input Capture

32 PE0 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I0 A20 Timer C0 SCLKD/TCLKF INT0 QRD1B

Table 2. RCM4100 Series Pinout Configurations (continued)

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

30 RabbitCore RCM4100

33 PE1 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I1 Timer C1 RXD/RCLKF INT1 QRD1A Input Capture

34 PE2 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I2 Timer C2 TXF/SCLKC DREQ0 QRD2B

35 PE3 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I3 Timer C3 RXC/RXF/SCLKD DREQ1 QRD2A Input Capture

36 PE4 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I4 INT0 PWM0 TCLKE

37 PE5/SMODE0 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I5 INT1 PWM1 RXB/RCLKE Input Capture

PE5 is the default

configuration

38 PE6/SMODE1 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I6 PWM2 TXE DREQ0

PE6 is the default

configuration

39 PE7/STATUS Input/Output

I/O Strobe I7 PWM3 RXA/RXE/SCLKC DREQ1 Input Capture

PE7 is the default

configuration

Table 2. RCM4100 Series Pinout Configurat ions (continued)

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

User’s Manual 31

40 PD0 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I0 Timer C0 INT0 SCLKD/TCLKF QRD1B

RCM4110/RCM4120 only

41 PD1 Input/Output

IA6 I/O Strobe I1 Timer C1 INT1 RXD/RCLKF QRD1A Input Capture

42 PD2 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I2 Timer C2 DREQ0 TXF/SCLKC QRD2B

43 PD3 Input/Output

IA7 I/O Strobe I3 Timer C3 DREQ1 RXC/RXF QRD2A Input Capture

44 PD4 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I4 PWM0 TXB/TCLKE

45 PD5 Input/Output

IA6 I/O Strobe I5 PWM1 RXB/RCLKE Input Capture

46 PD6 Input/Output

I/O Strobe I6 PWM2 TXA/TXE

47 PD7 Input/Output

IA7 I/O Strobe I7 PWM3 RXA/RXE Input Capture

Table 2. RCM4100 Series Pinout Configurations (continued)

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

32 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.1.1 Memory I/O Interface

The Rabbit 4000 address lines (A0–A19) and all the data lines (D0–D7) are routed internally to the onboard flash memory and SRAM chips. I/0 write (/IOWR) and I/0 read (/IORD) are available for interfacing to external devices.

Parallel Port A can also be used as an external I/O data bus to isolate external I/O from the main data bus. Parallel Port B pins PB2–PB7 can also be used as an auxiliary address bus.

When using the auxiliary I/O bus for any reason, you must add the following line at the beginning of your program.

#define PORTA_AUX_IO // required to enable auxiliary I/O bus

Selected pins on Parallel Ports D and E as specified in Table 2 may be used for input capture, quadrature decoder, DMA, and pulse-width modulator purposes.

4.1.2 Other Inputs and Outputs

The status and the two SMODE pins, SMODE0 and SMODE1, can be brought out to header J2 instead of PE5–PE7 as explained in Appendix A.5.

/RESET_IN is normally associated with the programming port, but may be used as an external input to reset the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor and the module memory. /RESET_OUT is an output from the reset circuitry that can be used to reset other peripheral devices.

40–47 LN[0:7] Analog Input

A/D converter

(RCM4100 only)

48 CONVERT/n.c. Digital Input

49 VREF/n.c.

Analog reference voltage

1.15 V/2.048 V/2.500 V

on-chip ref. voltage

(RCM4100 only) 50 GND Ground

Table 2. RCM4100 Series Pinout Configurat ions (continued)

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

User’s Manual 33

4.2 Serial Communication

The RCM4100 series board does not have any serial driver or receiver chips directly on the board. However, an Ethernet or other serial interface may be incorporated on the board the RCM4100 is mounted on. For example, the Prototyping Board has an RS-232 transceiver chip.

4.2.1 Serial Ports

There are six serial ports designated as Serial Ports A, B, C, D, E, and F. All six serial ports can operate in an asynchronous mode up to the baud rate of the system clock divided by 8. An asynchronous port can handle 7 or 8 data bits. A 9th bit address scheme, where an additional bit is sent to mark the first byte of a message, is also supported.

Serial Port A is normally used as a programming port, but may be used either as an asynchronous or as a clocked serial port once application development has been completed and the RCM4100 is operating in the Run Mode.

Serial Port B is shared by the RCM4100 module’s A/D converter, and is set up as a clocked serial port. Since this serial port is set up for synchronous serial communication on the RCM4100 model, you will lose the A/D converter’s functionality if you try to use the serial port in the asynchronous mode. Serial Port B is available without any restrictions on the RCM4110 and the RCM4120.

Serial Ports C and D can also be operated in the clocked serial mode. In this mode, a clock line synchronously clocks the data in or out. Either of the two communicating devices can supply the clock. Note that PD2 and PD0 provide the SCLKC and SCLKD outputs automatically when Serial Ports C and D are set up as clocked serial ports.

Serial Ports E and F can also be configured as SDLC/HDLC serial ports. The IrDA protocol is also supported in SDLC format by these two ports. Serial Ports E and F must be configured before they can be used. The sample program

IOCONFIG_SWITCHECHO.C in the

Dynamic C SAMPLES\RCM4100\SERIAL folder shows how to configure Serial Ports E and F.

34 RabbitCore RCM4100

Table 3 summarizes the possible parallel port pins for the serial ports and their clocks.

4.2.1.1 Using the Serial Ports

The receive lines on the RCM4100 serial ports do not have pull-up resistors. If you are using the serial ports without a receiver chip (for example, for RS-422, RS-232, or RS-485 serial communication), the absence of a pull-up resistor on the receive line will likely lead to line breaks being generated since line breaks are normally generated whenever the receive line is pulled low. If you are operating a serial port asynchronously , you can inhibit character assembly during breaks by setting bit 1 in the corresponding Serial Port Extended Register to 1. Should you need line breaks, you will have to either add a pull-up resistor on your motherboard or use a receiver that incorporates the circuits to have the output default to the nonbreak levels.

The Dynamic C

RS232.LIB library requires you to define the macro

RS232_NOCHARASSYINBRK to inhibit break-character assembly for all the serial ports.

#define RS232_NOCHARASSYINBRK

This macro is already defined so that it is the default behavior for the sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RCM4100\SERIAL folder.

Table 3. Rabbit 4000 Serial Port and Clock Pins

Serial Port A

TXA PC6, PC7, PD6

Serial Port E

TXE PD6, PE6, PC6

RXA PC7, PD7, PE7 RXE PD7, PE7, PC7

SCLKA PB1 RCLKE PD5, PE5, PC5

Serial Port B

TXB PC4, PC5, PD4 TCLKE PD4, PE4, PC4 RXB PC5, PD5, PE5

Serial Port F

TXF PD2, PE2, PC2

SCLKB P B0 RXF PD3, PE3, PC3

Serial Port C

TXC PC2, PC3 RCLKF PD1, PE1, PC1 RXC PC3, PD3, PE3 TCLKF PD0, PE0, PC0

SCLKC PD2, PE2, PE 7, PC7

RCLKE and RCLKF must be selected to be on the same parallel port as TXE and TXF respectively.

Serial Port D

TXD PC0, PC1 RXD PC1, PD1 , PE1

SCLKD PD0, PE0, PE3, PC3

User’s Manual 35

4.2.2 Programming Port

The RCM4100 series of modules is programmed via the 10-pin header labeled J1. The programming port uses the Rabbit 4000’s Serial Port A for communication. Dynamic C uses the programming port to download and debug programs.

Serial Port A is also used for the following operations.

• Cold-boot the Rabbit 4000 on the RCM4100 series after a reset.

• Fast copy designated portions of flash memory from one Rabbit-based board (the

master) to another (the slave) using the Rabbit Cloning Board.

Alternate Uses of the Programming Port

All three clocked Serial Port A signals are available as

• a synchronous serial port

• an asynchronous serial port, with the clock line usable as a general CMOS I/O pin

The programming port may also be used as a serial port via the DIAG connector on the programming cable.

In addition to Serial Port A, the Rabbit 4000 startup-mode (SMODE0, SMODE1), status, and reset pins are available on the programming port.

The two startup mode pins determine what happens after a reset—the Rabbit 4000 is either cold-booted or the program begins executing at address 0x0000.

The status pin is used by Dynamic C to determine whether a Rabbit microprocessor is present. The status output has three different programmable functions:

1. It can be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle.

2. It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle.

3. It can also serve as a general-purpose output. Since the status pin is not used by the system once a program has been downloaded and is

running, the status pin can then be used as a general-purpose CMOS output. The reset pin is an external input that is used to reset the Rabbit 4000. Refer to the

Rabbit 4000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information.

36 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.3 Programming Cable

The programming cable is used to connect the programming port of the RCM4100 series of modules to a PC serial COM port. The programming cable converts the RS-232 voltage levels used by the PC serial port to the CMOS voltage levels used by the Rabbit 4000.

When the

PROG connector on the programming cable is connected to the programming

port on the RCM4100, programs can be downloaded and debugged over the serial interface. The DIAG connector o f the progr amming cab le may be u s ed on header J1 o f t h e RCM4100

modules with the RCM4100 modules operating in the Run Mode. This allows the programming port to be used as a regular serial port.

4.3.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode

The RCM4100 modules are automatically in Program Mode when the

PROG connector

on the programming cable is attached, and is automatically in Run Mode when no programming cable is attached. When the Rabbit 4000 is reset, the operating mode is determined by the status of the SMODE pins. When the programming cable’ s

PROG connector

is attached, the SMODE pins are pulled high, placing the Rabbit 4000 in the Program Mode. When the programming cable’s PROG connector is not attached, the SMODE pins are pulled low, causing the Rabbit 4000 to operate in the Run Mode.

Figure 8. Switching Between Program Mode and Run Mode

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

+3.3 V

BT1

S1 RESET

RXD TXD

TXC RXC

GND

UX29

RX81

RX87

CX41

RX83

RX11

CX39

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

CX29

CX17

RX67

UX45

RX85

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27

R28

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT

EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1 LN1

PD3

LN3

PD5

LN5

PD7

LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0 LN0

PD2 LN2

PD4 LN4

PD6 LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24

JP23

C14

C12

C10

C8C7C9

C11

C13

R10

R8R6R4R3R5

R20

R18

R16

R14

R13

R15

R17

R29

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX33UX31

RX89

UX3

UX37 UX42

UX41

RX63

RX65

RX61

RX59

R26

R25

C15

C19 C20

C18

C17

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

R11

R12

RX47

RX43

JP1

JP2

JP9

JP6

JP7

JP3

JP5

JP4

R10

R11

C15

RP2

C16 C17

R27

RP1

R15

C23

R17

R16

C21

C14

R19

R18

R22

R23

C27

C28

R21

JP8

JP10

JP11

JP12

C6 C7

C10 C11

C12

C13

R12

C24

R14

C25 C26

C19 C20

C18

R13

C30 C31

C34 C35

C32

C33

C29

C38 C39

C37

C36

RESET

3-pin

power connector

Colored

edge

PC COM port

or USB port

PROG

DIAG

Programming

Cable

PROG

RESET RCM4100 when changing mode:

Press RESET button (if using Prototyping Board),

Cycle power off/on

after removing or attaching programming cable.

User’s Manual 37

A program “runs” in either mode, but can only be downloaded and debugged when the RCM4100 modules are in the Program Mode.

Refer to the

Rabbit 4000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information on the pro-

gramming port.

4.3.2 Standalone Operation of the RCM4100

Once an RCM4100 series module has been programmed successfully, remove the programming cable from the programming connector and reset the RCM4100 series module. The module may be reset by cycling the power off/on or by pressing the

RESET button on

the Prototyping Board. The module may now be removed from the Prototyping Board for end-use installation.

CAUTION: Power to the Prototyping Board or other boards should be disconnected

when removing or installing your RCM4100 series module to protect against inadvertent shorts across the pins or da ma ge to the RCM41 00 if the pins are not plugged in correctly. Do not reapply power until you have verified that the RCM4100 s eries module i s plugged in correctly.

38 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.4 A/D Converter (RCM4100 only)

The RCM4100 has an onboard ADS7870 A/D converter whose scaling and filtering are done via the motherboard on which the RCM4100 module is mounted. The A/D converter multiplexes converted signals from eight single-ended or four differential inputs to Serial Port B on the Rabbit 4000.

The eight analog input pins, LN0–LN7, each have an input impedance of 6–7 MΩ, depending on whether they are used as single-ended or differential inputs. The input signal can range from -2 V to +2 V (differential mode) or from 0 V to +2 V (single-ended mode).

Use a resistor divider such as the one shown in Figure 9 to measure voltages above 2 V on the analog inputs. See Appendix B.4.3 for information on how to measure negative voltages.

Figure 9. Resistor Divider Network for Analog Inputs

The R1 resistors are typically 20 kΩ to 100 kΩ, with a lower resistance leading to more accuracy, but at the expense of a higher current draw. The R0 resistors would then be 180 kΩ to 900 kΩ for a 10:1 attenuator. The capacitor filters noise pulses on the A/D converter input.

The actual voltage range for a signal going to the A/D converter input is also affected by the 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, and 20 V/V software-programmable gains available on each channel of the ADS7870 A/D converter . Thus, you mu st scale the analog signal with an attenuator circuit and a software-programmable gain so that the actual input presented to the A/D converter is within the range limits of the ADS7870 A/D converter chip (-2 V to + 2 V or 0 V to + 2 V).

The A/D converter chip can only accept positive voltages. Wit h the R1 resistors connected to ground, your analog circuit is well-suited to perform positive A/D conversions. When the R1 resistors are tied to ground for differential measurements, both differential inputs must be referenced to analog ground, and both inputs must be positive with respect to analog ground.

LN0

AGND

LN1

ADC

BVREF

ADC

(RCM4100)

User’s Manual 39

If a device such as a battery is connected across two channels for a differential measurement, and it is not referenced to analog ground, then the current from the device will flow through both sets of attenuator resistors without flowing back to analog ground as shown in Figure 10. This will generate a negative voltage at one of the inputs, LN1, which will almost certainly lead to inaccurate A/D conversions. T o make such diff erential measurements, connect the R1 resistors to the A/D converter’s internal reference voltage, which is software-configurable for 1.15 V, 2.048 V, or 2.5 V. This internal reference voltage is available on pin 49 of header J3 as VREF, and allows you to convert analog input voltages that are negative with respect to analog ground.

NOTE: The amplifier inside the A/D converter’s internal voltage reference circuit has a

very limited output-current capability. The internal buffer can source up to 20 mA and sink only up to 200 µA. Use a separate buffer amplifier if you need to supply any load current.

The A/D converter’s CONVER T pin is available on pin 48 of header J3 and can be used as a hardware means of forcing the A/D converter to start a conversion cycle at a specific time. The CONVERT signal is an edge-triggered event and has a hold time of two CCLK periods for debounce.

A conversion is started by an active (rising) edge on the CONVERT pin. The CONVERT pin must stay low for at least two CCLK periods before going high for at least two CCLK periods. Figure 11 shows the timing of a conversion start. The double falling arrow on CCLK indicates the actual start of the conversion cycle.

Figure 11. Timing Diagram for Conversion Start Using CONVERT Pin

Appendix B.4.3 explains the implementation examples of these features on the Prototyping Board.

Figure 10. Current Flow from Ungrounded

or Floating Source

2.2 nF

R14

R13

2.2 nF

ADC

AIN0

AIN1



LN0

LN1

Device

CCLK

BUSY

CONV

Conversion starts

40 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.4.1 A/D Converter Power Supply

The analog section is isolated from digital noise generated by other components by way of a low-pass filter composed of L1, C1, and C2 on the RCM4100 as shown in Figure 12. The +V analog power supply powers the A/D converter chip.

Figure 12. Analog Supply Circuit

+3.3 V

2.2 nF

100 nF

User’s Manual 41

4.5 Other Hardware

4.5.1 Clock Doubler

The clock doubler on the RCM4100 is disabled by default.

4.5.2 Spectrum Spreader

The Rabbit 4000 features a spectrum spreader, which helps to mitigate EMI problems. By default, the spectrum spreader is on automatically, but it may also be turned off or set to a stronger setting. The means for doing so is through a simple global macro as shown below.

NOTE: Refer to the Rabbit 4000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more infor mation

on the spectrum-spreading setting and the maximum clock speed.

1. Select the “Defines” tab from the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu.

2. Normal spreading is the default, and usually no entry is needed. If you need to specify normal spreading, add the line

ENABLE_SPREADER=1

For strong spreading, add the line

ENABLE_SPREADER=2

To disable the spectrum spreader, add the line

ENABLE_SPREADER=0

NOTE: The strong spectrum-spreading setting is not recommended since it may limit

the maximum clock speed or the maximum baud rate. It is unlikely that the strong setting will be used in a real application.

3. Click OK to save the macro. The spectrum spreader will now remain of f whenever you use the project file where you defined the macro.

42 RabbitCore RCM4100

4.6 Memory

4.6.1 SRAM

RCM4100 series modules have 256K–512K of data SRAM installed at U10. In addition, the RCM4100 and RCM4120 have 512K of fast program-execution SRAM installed at U12.

4.6.2 Flash EPROM

All RCM4100 modules also have 512K of flash EPROM installed at U11.

NOTE: Rabbit recommends that any customer applicatio ns should not be constraine d by

the sector size of the flash EPROM since it may be necessary to change the sector size in the future.

Writing to arbitrary flash memory addresses at run time is discouraged. Instead, define a “user block” area to store persistent data. The functions writeUserBlock and readUserBlock are provided for this. Refer to the

Rabbit 4000 Microprocessor

Designer’s Handbook

for additional information.

User’s Manual 43

5. SOFTWARE REFERENCE

Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software. It runs on an IBM-compatible PC and is designed for use with sing le-board computers and other devices based on the Rabbit microprocessor. Chapter 5 describes the libraries and function calls related to the RCM4100 series.

5.1 More About Dynamic C

Dynamic C has been in use worldwide since 1989. It is specially designed for programming embedded systems, and features quick compile and interactive debugging. A complete reference guide to Dynamic C is contained in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.

You have a choice of doing your software development in the flash memory or in the static SRAM included on the RCM4100 series of modules. The flash memory and SRAM options are selected with the Options > Program Option s > Compiler menu.

The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the flash memory, which is limited to about 100,000 write cycles. The disadvantage is that the code and data might not both fit in RAM.

NOTE: Do not depend on the flash memory sector size or type in your program logic.

The RCM4100 series of module s an d Dyna mi c C wer e d esi gne d to accommodate flash devices with various sector sizes in response to the volatility of the flash-memory market.

Developing software with Dynamic C is simple. Users can write, compile, and test C and assembly code without leaving the Dynamic C development environment. Debugging occurs while the application runs on the target. Alternatively, users can compile a program to an image file for later loading. Dynamic C runs on PCs under Windows 95 and later. Programs can be downloaded at baud rates of up to 460,800 bps after the program compiles.

44 RabbitCore RCM4100

Dynamic C has a number of standard features.

• Full-feature source and/or assembly-level debugger, no in-circuit emulator required.

• Royalty-free TCP/IP stack with source code and most common protocols.

• Hundreds of functions in source-code libraries and sample programs:

X Exceptionally fast support for floating-point arithmetic and transcendental functions. X RS-232 and RS-485 serial communication. X Analog and digital I/O drivers.

X I

C, SPI, GPS, file system.

X LCD display and keypad drivers.

• Powerful language extensions for cooperative or preemptive multitasking

• Loader utility program to load binary images into Rabbit-based targets in the absence

of Dynamic C.

• Provision for customers to create their own source code libraries and augment on-line help by creating “function description” block comments using a special format for library functions.

• Standard debugging features:

X Breakpoints—Set breakpoints that can disable interrupts. X Single-stepping—Step into or over functions at a source or machine code level, µC/OS-II aware. X Code disassembly—The disassembly window displays addresses, opcodes, mnemonics, and

machine cycle times. Switch between debugging at machine-code level and source-code level by simply opening or closing the disassembly window.

X Watch expressions—Watch expressions are compiled when defined, so complex expressions

including function calls may be placed into watch expressions. Watch expressions can be updated with or without stopping program execution.

X Register window—All processor reg isters and f lags are disp layed. The con tents of gener al regist ers

may be modified in the window by the user.

X Stack window—shows the contents of the top of the stack. X Hex memory dump—displays the contents of memory at any address. X STDIO window—

printf outputs to this window and keyboard input on the host PC can be

detected for debugging purposes.

printf output may also be sent to a serial port or file.

User’s Manual 45

5.2 Dynamic C Function Calls

5.2.1 Digital I/O

The RCM4100 series of modules was designed to interface with other systems, and so there are no drivers written spec ifically for the I/O. The genera l Dynamic C re ad and write functions allow you to customize the parallel I/O to meet your specific needs. For example, use

WrPortI(PEDDR, &PEDDRShadow, 0x00);

to set all the Port E bits as inputs, or use

WrPortI(PEDDR, &PEDDRShadow, 0xFF);

to set all the Port E bits as outputs. When using the auxiliary I/O bus on the Rabbit 4000 chip, add the line

#define PORTA_AUX_IO // required to enable auxiliary I/O bus

to the beginning of any programs using the auxiliary I/O bus. The sample programs in the Dynamic C

SAMPLES/RCM4100

folder provide further

examples.

5.2.2 Serial Co mmunication Drive rs

Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications support. The

RS232.LIB

library provides a set of circular-buffer-based serial functions. The

PACKET.LIB

library provides packet-based serial functions where packets can be delimited by the 9th bit, by transmission gaps, or with user-defined special characters. Both libraries provide blocking functions, which do not return until they are finished transmitting or receiving, and nonblocking functions, which must be called repeatedly until they are finished, allowing other functions to be performed between calls. For more information, see the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual and Technical Note TN213, Rabbit Serial Port Software.

5.2.3 SRAM Use

The RCM4100 series of modules has a battery-backed data SRAM and a program-execution SRAM. Dynamic C provides the

protected

keyword to identify variables that are to be placed into the battery-backed SRAM. The compiler generates code that maintains two copies of each protected variable in the battery-backed SRAM. The comp iler also generate s a flag to ind icat e whic h copy of the protected variable is valid at the current time. This flag is also stored in the battery-backed SRAM. When a protected variable is updated, the “inactive” copy is modified, and is made “active” only when the update is 100% complete. This assures the integrity of the data in case a reset or a power failure occurs during the update process. At power-on the application program uses the active copy of the variable pointed to by its associated flag.

46 RabbitCore RCM4100

The sample code below shows how a protected variable is defined and how its value can be restored.

main() { protected int state1, state2, state3; ...

_sysIsSoftReset(); // restore any protected variables

Additional information on

protected

variables is available in the Dynamic C User’s

Manual.

User’s Manual 47

5.2.4 Prototyping Board Function Calls

The functions described in this section are for use with the Prototyping Board features. The source code is in the Dynamic C

LIB\Rabbit4000\RCM4xxx\RCM41xx.LIB

library if you need to modify it for your own board design.

NOTE: The analog input fun ction c alls are supp orted o nly by the RCM4 100 model s ince

the RCM4110 and the RCM4120 do not have an A/D converter.

The sample programs in the Dynamic C

SAMPLES\RCM4100

folder illustrate the use of

the function calls. Other generic functions applicable to all devices based on Rabbit microprocessors are

described in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual.

5.2.4.1 Board Initialization

brdInit

void brdInit(void);

DESCRIPTION

Call this function at the beginning of your program. This function initializes Parallel Ports A through E for use with the Prototyping Board, and on the RCM4100 model loads the stored calibration constants for the A/D converter . This function call is intended for demonstration purposes only, and can be modified for your applications.

Summary of Initialization

1. I/O port pins are configured for Prototyping Board operation.

2. Unused configurable I/O are set as tied outputs.

3. RS-232 is not enabled.

4. LEDs are off.

5. The slave port is disabled.

RETURN VALUE

None.

48 RabbitCore RCM4100

5.2.4.2 Alerts

These function calls can be found in the Dynamic C LIB\Rabbit4000\RCM4xxx\

RCM4xxx.LIB

library.

timedAlert

void timedAlert(unsigned long timeout);

DESCRIPTION

Polls the real-time clock until a timeout occurs. The RCM4100 series of RabbitCore modules will be in a low-power mode during this time. Once the timeout occurs, this function call will enable the normal power source.

PARAMETER

timeout the duration of the timeout in seconds

RETURN VALUE

None.

digInAlert

void digInAlert(int dataport, int portbit, int value,

unsigned long timeout);

DESCRIPTION

Polls a digital input for a set value or until a timeout occurs. The RCM4400W will be in a low-power mode during this time. Once a timeout occurs or the correct byte is received, this function call will enable the normal po wer source and exit.

PARAMETERS

dataport the input port data register to poll (e.g., PADR) portbit the input port bit (0–7) to poll value the value of 0 or 1 to receive

timeout

the duration of the timeout in seconds (enter 0 for no timeout)

RETURN VALUE

None.

User’s Manual 49

5.2.5 Analog Inputs (RCM4100 only)

The function calls used with the Prototyping Board features and the A/D converter on the RCM4100 model are in the Dynamic C LIB\Rabbit4000\RCM4xxx\ADC_ADS7870.LIB library. Dynamic C v. 10.07 or later is required to use the A/D converter function calls.

anaInConfig

unsigned int anaInConfig(unsigned int instructionbyte,

unsigned int cmd, long brate);

DESCRIPTION

Use this function to configure the A/D converter. This function will address the A/D converter chip in Register Mode only, and will return an error if you try the Direct Mode. Appendix B.4.3 provides additional addressing and command information.

ADS7870 Signal ADS7870 State RCM4100 Function/State

LN0 Input AIN0 LN1 Input AIN1 LN2 Input AIN2 LN3 Input AIN3 LN4 Input AIN4 LN5 Input AIN5 LN6 Input AIN6 LN7 Input AIN7

/RESET Input Board reset device

RISE/FALL Input Pulled up for SCLK active on rising edge

I/O0 Input Pulled down I/O1 Input Pulled down I/O2 Input Pulled down I/O3 Input Pulled down

CONVERT Input Pulled down when not driven

BUSY Output PE0 pulled down; logic high state converter is busy

CCLKCNTRL Input Pulled down; 0 state sets CCLK as input

CCLK Input Pulled down; external conversion clock SCLK Input PB0; serial data transfer clock

SDI Input PC4; 3-wire mode for serial data input

SDO Output PC5; serial data output /CS driven

/CS Input BUFEN pulled up; active-low enables serial interface

BUFIN Input Driven by VREF

VREF Output Connected to BUFIN and BUFOUT

BUFOUT Output Driven by VREF

50 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInConfig (continued)

PARAMETERS

instructionbyte

the instruction byte that will initiat e a read or write operation

at 8 or 16 bits on the designated register addres s. For example,

checkid = anaInConfig(0x5F, 0, 9600);

// read ID and set baud rate

cmd

the command data that configure the registers addressed by the instruction byte . Enter 0 i f you are p erfo rming a rea d oper ati on. For example,

i = anaInConfig(0x07, 0x3b, 0);

// write ref/osc reg and enable

brate

the serial cl ock t rans fer rate of 9600 to 1 1 5,20 0 byt es p er s econd.

brate

must be set the first time this function is called. Enter 0 for

this parameter thereafter, for exampl e,

anaInConfig(0x00, 0x00, 9600);

// resets device and sets byte rate

RETURN VALUE

0 on write operations data value on read operations

SEE ALSO

anaInDriver, anaIn, brdInit

User’s Manual 51

anaInDriver

int anaInDriver(unsigned int cmd);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the voltage of an analog input channel by serial-clocking an 8-bit command to the A/D converter by its Direct Mode method. This fun ction assumes that Mode1 (mos t significant byte first) and the A/D convert er oscill ator have been en abled. See

anaIn-

Config()

for the setup.

The conversion begins immediately after the last data bit has been transferred. An exception error will occur if Direct Mode bit D7 is not set.

PARAMETERS

cmd contains a gain code and a channel code as follows.

D7—1; D6–D4—Gain Code; D3–D0—Channel Code

Use the following calculation and the tables below to determine cmd:

cmd = 0x80 | (gain_code*16) + channel_code

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

0×1 1×2 2×4 3×5 4×8 5×10 6×16 7×20

52 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInDriver (continued)

RETURN VALUE

A value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel: 0–2047 for 11-bit conversions

-2048–2047 for 12-bi t con versions

ADTIMEOUT

(-4095) if the conversion is incomplete or busy bit timeout

ADOVERFLOW

(-4096) for overflow or out of range

SEE ALSO

anaInConfig, anaIn, brdInit

Channel Code

Differential Input

Lines

Channel Code

Single-Ended

Input Lines

* Negative input is ground.

4–20 mA

Lines

0 +AIN0 -AIN1 8 AIN0 AIN0* 1 +AIN2 -AIN3 9 AIN1 AIN1* 2 +AIN4 -AIN5 10 AIN2 AIN2*

†

† Not accessible on Prototyping Board

+AIN6 -AIN7 11 AIN3 AIN3

4 -AIN0 +AIN1 12 AIN4 AIN4 5 -AIN2 +AIN3 13 AIN5 AIN5 6 -AIN4 +AIN5 14 AIN6 AIN6

‡

‡ Not accessible on Prototyping Board

-AIN6 +AIN7 15 AIN7 AIN7*

User’s Manual 53

anaIn

int anaIn(unsigned int channel, int opmode, int gaincode);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the value of an analog i nput channel using the Direct Mode method of a ddressing the A/D converter. Note that it takes about 1 second to ensure an internal capacitor on the A/D conve rter is charged when the function is called th e first time.

PARAMETERS

channel

the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

opmode

the mode of operation:

SINGLE

—single-ended input

DIFF

—differential input

mAMP

—4–20 mA input

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7 (applies only to Prototyping Board):

channel SINGLE DIFF mAMP

0 +AIN0 +AIN0 -AIN1

+AIN0

* Not accessible on Prototyping Board.

1 +AIN1 +AIN1 -AIN0* +AIN1* 2 +AIN2 +AIN2 -AIN3 +AIN2* 3 +AIN3 +AIN3 -AIN2* +AIN3 4 +AIN4 +AIN4 -AIN5 +AIN4 5 +AIN5 +AIN5 -AIN4* +AIN5 6 +AIN6 +AIN6 -AIN7* +AIN6 7 +AIN7 +AIN7 -AIN6* +AIN7*

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 ×1 0–22.5 1 ×2 0–11.25 2×40–5.6 3×50–4.5 4×80–2.8 5 ×10 0–2.25 6 ×16 0–1.41 7 ×20 0–1.126

54 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaIn (continued)

RETURN VALUE

A value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel: 0–2047 for single-ended conversions

-2048–2047 for differential conversions

ADTIMEOUT

(-4095) if the conversion is incomplete or busy bit timeout

ADOVERFLOW

(-4096) for overflow or out of range

SEE ALSO

anaIn, anaInConfig, anaInDriver

User’s Manual 55

anaInCalib

int anaInCalib(int channel, int opmode, int gaincode,

int value1, float volts1, int value2, float volts2);

DESCRIPTION

Calibrates the re spons e of the des ired A/D co nverter cha nnel as a l inear f unction using the two conversion points provided. Four values are calculated and placed into global tables

_adcCalibS, _adcCalibD

, and

adcCalibM

to be later st ored in to si mulat-

ed EEPROM using the funct i on

anaInEEWr()

. Each channel will have a li ne ar con-

stant and a voltage offset.

PARAMETERS

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

opmode

the mode of operation:

SINGLE

—single-ended input

DIFF

—differential input

mAMP

—4–20 mA input

channel SINGLE DIFF mAMP

0 +AIN0 +AIN0 -AIN1

+AIN0

* Not accessible on Prototyping Board.

1 +AIN1 +AIN1 -AIN0* +AIN1* 2 +AIN2 +AIN2 -AIN3 +AIN2* 3 +AIN3 +AIN3 -AIN2* +AIN3 4 +AIN4 +AIN4 -AIN5 +AIN4 5 +AIN5 +AIN5 -AIN4* +AIN5 6 +AIN6 +AIN6 -AIN7* +AIN6 7 +AIN7 +AIN7 -AIN6* +AIN7*

56 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInCalib (continued)

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7 (applies only to Prototyping Board):

value1 the first A/D converter channel raw count value (0–2047) volts1 the voltage or current corresponding to the first A/D converter

channel value (0 to +20 V or 4 to 20 mA)

value2 the second A/D converter channel raw count value (0–2047) volts2 the voltage or current corresponding to the first A/D converter

channel value (0 to +20 V or 4 to 20 mA)

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if not able to make calibration constants.

SEE ALSO

anaIn, anaInVolts, anaInmAmps, anaInDiff, anaInCalib, brdInit

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 ×1 0–22.5 1 ×2 0–11.25 2×40–5.6 3×50–4.5 4×80–2.8 5 ×10 0–2.25 6 ×16 0–1.41 7 ×20 0–1.126

User’s Manual 57

anaInVolts

float anaInVolts(unsigned int channel, unsigned int gaincode);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the state of a single-ended analog input channel and uses the previously set calibration constants to convert it to volts.

PARAMETERS

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7 (applies only to Prototyping Board):

Channel Code

Single-Ended

Input Lines

* Negative input is ground.

Voltage Range

†

(V)

† Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 +AIN0 0–22.5 1 +AIN1 0–22.5 2 +AIN2 0–22.5 3 +AIN3 0–22.5 4 +AIN4 0–22.5 5 +AIN5 0–22.5 6 +AIN6 0–22.5

7+AIN7

0–2

‡

‡ Used for thermistor in sample program.

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 ×1 0–22.5 1 ×2 0–11.25 2×40–5.6 3×50–4.5 4×80–2.8 5 ×10 0–2.25 6 ×16 0–1.41 7 ×20 0–1.126

58 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInVolts (continued)

RETURN VALUE

A voltage value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel.

ADTIMEOUT

(-4095) if the conversion is incomplete or busy bit timeout.

ADOVERFLOW

(-4096) for overflow or out of range.

SEE ALSO

anaInCalib, anaIn, anaInmAmps, brdInit

User’s Manual 59

anaInDiff

float anaInDiff(unsigned int channel, unsigned int gaincode);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the state o f diff erential analog input channels an d uses the previousl y set calibr ation constants to convert it to vo lts.

PARAMETERS

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7 (applies only to Prototyping Board):

channel DIFF

Voltage Range

(V)

0+AIN0 -AIN1

-22.5 to +22.5

* Accessible on Prototyping Board.

1+AIN1 -AIN1 — 2 +AIN2 -AIN3 -22.5 to +22.5* 3+AIN3 -AIN3 — 4 +AIN4 -AIN5 -22.5 to +22.5* 5+AIN5 -AIN5 — 6+AIN6 -AIN7 — 7+AIN7 -AIN7 —

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 ×1 -22.5 – +22.5 1 ×2 -1 1. 25 – +11.25 2 ×4 -5.6 – +5.6 3 ×5 -4.5 – +4.5 4 ×8 -2.8 – +2.8 5 ×10 -2.25 – +2.25 6 ×16 -1.41 – +1.41 7 ×20 -1.126 – +1.126

60 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInDiff (continued)

RETURN VALUE

A voltage value corresponding to the voltage differential on the analog input channel.

ADTIMEOUT

(-4095) if the conversion is incomplete or busy bit timeout.

ADOVERFLOW

(-4096) for overflow or out of range.

SEE ALSO

anaInCalib, anaIn, anaInmAmps, brdInit

User’s Manual 61

anaInmAmps

float anaInmAmps(unsigned int channel);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the state of an analog input channel and uses the previously set calibration constants to convert it to current.

PARAMETERS

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

RETURN VALUE

A current value between 4. 00 and 20.00 mA corresp onding to the curre nt on the a nalog input channel.

ADTIMEOUT

(-4095) if the conversion is incomplete or busy bit timeout.

ADOVERFLOW

(-4096) for overflow or out of range.

SEE ALSO

anaInCalib, anaIn, anaInVolts

Channel Code

4–20 mA

Input Lines

* Negative input is ground.

0+AIN0 1+AIN1 2+AIN2

+AIN3

†

† Applies to Prototyping Board.

4 +AIN4* 5 +AIN5* 6 +AIN6* 7+AIN7

62 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInEERd

root int anaInEERd(unsigned int channel, unsigned int opmode,

unsigned int gaincode);

DESCRIPTION

Reads the cali br at ion constants, gai n, and offs et for an input ba se d on their desig na te d position in the flash memory, and places them into global tables

_adcCalibS

_adcCalibD

, and

_adcCalibM

for analog inputs. Dependi ng on th e flas h siz e, the

following macros can be used to identify the starting address for these locations.

ADC_CALIB_ADDRS, address start of single-ended analog input channels ADC_CALIB_ADDRD, address start of differential analog input channels ADC_CALIB_ADDRM, address start of milliamp analog input channels

NOTE: This function cannot be run in RAM.

PARAMETER

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

opmode

the mode of operation:

SINGLE

—single-ended input

DIFF

—differential input

mAMP

—4–20 mA input

channel SINGLE DIFF mAMP

0 + AIN0 +AIN0 -AIN1

+AIN0

* Not accessible on Proto typing Board.

1 + AIN1 +AIN1 -AIN0* +AIN1* 2 + AIN2 +AIN2 -AIN3 +AIN2* 3 + AIN3 +AIN3 -AIN2* +AIN3 4 + AIN4 +AIN4 -AIN5 +AIN4 5 + AIN5 +AIN5 -AIN4* +AIN5 6 + AIN6 +AIN6 -AIN7* +AIN6 7 + AIN7 +AIN7 -AIN6* +AIN7*

ALLCHAN read all channels for selected opmode

User’s Manual 63

anaInEERd (continued)

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7. The gaincode parameter is ignored when

channel is ALLCHAN.

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if address is invalid or out of range.

SEE ALSO

anaInEEWr, anaInCalib

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

×1 0–22.5

×2 0–11.25

2 ×4 0–5.6 3 ×5 0–4.5 4

×8 0–2.8

×10 0–2.25

×16 0–1.41

×20 0–1.126

64 RabbitCore RCM4100

anaInEEWr

int anaInEEWr(unsigned int channel, int opmode,

unsigned int gaincode);

DESCRIPTION

Writes the calibration constants, ga in, and offset for an in put based from global tables

_adcCalibS, _adcCalibD

, and

_adcCalibM

to designated pos itions in the flash memory . Depe nding on th e flash si ze, the fo llowing macros can be used to ide ntify the starting address for these locations.

NOTE: This function cannot be run in RAM.

PARAMETER

channel the channel number (0 to 7) corresponding to LN0 to LN7.

opmode

the mode of operation:

SINGLE

—single-ended input

DIFF

—differential input

mAMP

—4–20 mA input

channel SINGLE DIFF mAMP

0 +AIN0 +AIN0 -AIN1

+AIN0

* Not accessible on Prototyping Board.

1 +AIN1 +AIN1 -AIN0* +AIN1* 2 +AIN2 +AIN2 -AIN3 +AIN2* 3 +AIN3 +AIN3 -AIN2* +AIN3 4 +AIN4 +AIN4 -AIN5 +AIN4 5 +AIN5 +AIN5 -AIN4* +AIN5 6 +AIN6 +AIN6 -AIN7* +AIN6 7 +AIN7 +AIN7 -AIN6* +AIN7*

ALLCHAN read all channels for selected opmode

User’s Manual 65

anaInEEWr (continued)

gaincode the gain code of 0 to 7. The gaincode parameter is ignored when

channel is ALLCHAN.

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful

-1 if address is invalid or out of range.

SEE ALSO

anaInEEWr, anaInCalib

Gain Code

Gain

Multiplier

Voltage Range

(V)

* Applies to Prototyping Board.

0 ×1 0–22.5 1 ×2 0–11.25 2×40–5.6 3×50–4.5 4×80–2.8 5 ×10 0–2.25 6 ×16 0–1.41 7 ×20 0–1.126

66 RabbitCore RCM4100

5.3 Upgrading Dynamic C

Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time. C heck the Web site www.rabbit.com/support/ for the latest patches, workarounds, and bug fixes.

5.3.1 Add-On Modules

In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephone-based technical support subscription is also available for purchase.

V isit o ur Web site at www.rabbit.com for further information and complete docum entation.

User’s Manual 67

APPENDIX A. RCM4100 SPECIFICATIONS

Appendix A provides the specifications for the RCM4100 series of modules, and describes the conformal coating.

68 RabbitCore RCM4100

A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics

Figure A-1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the RCM4100 series of modules.

Figure A-1. RCM4100 Dimensions

NOTE: All measurements are in inc hes fo llowed b y milli meters enclos ed in pa renthe ses.

All dimensions have a manufacturing tolerance of ±0.01" (0.25 mm).

Please refer to the RCM4100 footprint diagram later in this appendix for precise header locations.

× 2

0.125

dia

(3.2)

JP1

JP2

JP9

JP6

JP7

JP3

JP5

JP4

R10

R11

C15

RP2

C16 C17

R27

RP1

R15

C23

R17

R16

C21

C14

R19

R18

R22

R23

C27

C28

R21

JP8

JP10

JP11

JP12

C6 C7

C10 C11

C12

C13

R12

C24

R14

C25 C26

C19 C20

C18

R13

C30 C31

C34 C35

C32

C33

C29

C38 C39

C37

C36

0.72

(18)

1.41

(36)

0.20

(5)

0.11

(2.8)

0.23

(5.8)

1.88

(48)

0.91

(23)

0.19

(5)

0.50

(13)

0.78

(20)

0.19

(5)

1.41

(36)

0.49

(12)

0.20

(5)

0.11

(2.8)

0.23

(5.8)

0.49

(12)

1.88

(48)

0.064

(1.6)

0.064

(1.6)

User’s Manual 69

It is recommended that you allow for an “exclusion zone” of 0.04" (1 mm) around the RCM4100 modules in all directions when the RCM4100 is incorporated into an assembly that includes other printed circuit boards. An “exclusion zone” of 0.08" (2 mm) is recommended below the RCM4100 module when the RCM4100 is plugged into another assembly. Figure A-2 shows this “exclusion zone.”

Figure A-2. RCM4100 “Exclusion Zone”

Exclusion

Zone

1.850

(47.0)

0.24

(6)

1.96

(50)

1.93

(49.0)

0.08

(2)

0.08

(2)

1.88

(48)

0.24

(6)

70 RabbitCore RCM4100

T ableA-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the RCM4100 series of modules.

Table A-1. RCM4100 Specifications

Parameter RCM4100 RCM4110 RCM4120

Microprocessor

Rabbit

4000

at 58.98 MHz

Rabbit® 4000 at 29.49 MHz

Rabbit® 4000

at 58.98 MHz Flash Memory 512K Data SRAM 512K 256K 512K Fast Program-Execution

SRAM

512K — 512K

Backup Battery

Connection for user-supplied backup battery

(to support RTC and data SRAM)

General Purpose I/O

29 parallel digital I/0

lines:

• configurable with four layers of alternate functions

40 parallel digital I/0 lines:

• configurable with four layers of alternate functions

Additional Inputs

Startup mode (2),

reset in, CONVERT

Startup mode (2), reset in

Additional Outputs

Status, reset out,

analog VREF

Status, rese t out

Analog Inputs

8 channels single-ended

or 4 channels dif ferential

Programm able gain

1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, and

20 V/V

——

• A /D Converter

Resolution

12 bits (11 bits single-

ended)

• A /D Conversion Time

(including 120 µs raw count and Dynamic C)

180 µs

Auxiliary I/O Bus

Can be configured for 8 data lines and

6 address lines (shared with parallel I/O lines), plus I/O read/write

User’s Manual 71

Serial Ports

6 high-speed, CMOScompatible ports:

• all 6 configurable as

asynchronous (with IrDA), 4 as clocked serial (SPI), and 2 as SDLC/HDLC

• 1 asynchronous

clocked serial port shared with programming port

• 1 clocked serial port

shared with A/D converter

6 high-speed, CMOS-compatible ports:

• all 6 configurable as asynchronous (with IrDA),

4 as clocked serial (SPI), and 2 as SDLC/HDLC

• 1 asynchronous clocked serial port shar ed wit h

programming port

Serial Rate Maximum asynchronous baud rate = CLK/8

Slave Interface

Slave port allows the RCM4100 to be used as an intelligent peripheral device slaved to a master processor

Real Time Clock Yes

Timers

Ten 8-bit timers (6 cascadable from the first),

one 10-bit timer with 2 match registers, and

one 16-bit timer with 4 ou tputs and 8 set /reset registers

W atchdog/Supervisor Yes

Pulse-Wi dth Modulators

4 channels synchronized PWM with 10-bit counter 4 channels variable-phase or synchronized PWM with 16-bit counter

Input Capture

2-channel input capture can be used to time input signals

from various port pins

Quadrature Decoder

2-channel quadrature decoder accepts inputs

from external incremental encoder modules

Power (pins unloaded)

3.0– 3.6 V.DC

125 mA @ 3.3 V 65 mA @ 3.3 V 125 mA @ 3.3 V Operating Temperature -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C Humidity 5% to 95%, noncondensing

Connectors

One 2 × 25, 1.27 mm pitch IDC signal header

One 2 × 5, 1.27 mm pitch IDC programming header

Board Size

1.41" × 1.88" × 0.49"

(36 mm × 48 mm × 12 mm)

Table A-1. RCM4100 Specifications (continued)

Parameter RCM4100 RCM4110 RCM4120

72 RabbitCore RCM4100

A.1.1 A/D Converter

Table A-2 shows some of the important A/D converter specifications. For more details, refer to the ADC7870 data sheet.

Table A-2. A/D Converter Specifications

Parameter Test Conditions Typ Max

Analog Input Characteristics

Input Capa citance Input Impedance

Common-Mode Differential Mode

4 – 9.7 pF

6 MΩ 7 MΩ

Static Accuracy

Resolution

Single-Ended Mode

Differential Mode Integral Linearity Differential Linearity

11 bits 12 bits

±1 LSB

±0.5 LSB

±2.5 LSB

Dynamic Characteristics

Throughput Rate 52 ksamples/s

Voltage Reference

Accuracy Buffer Amp Source Current Buffer Amp Sink Current Short-Circuit Current

ref

= 2.048 V and 2.5 V

±0.05%

20 mA

200 µA

20 mA

±0.25%

User’s Manual 73

A.1.2 Headers

The RCM4100 series uses a header at J2 for physical connection to other boards. J2 is a 2 × 25 SMT header with a 1.27 mm pin spacing. J1, the programming port, is a 2 × 5 header with a 1.27 mm pin spacing.

Figure A-3 shows the layout of another board for the RCM4100 to be plugged into. These reference design values are relative to one of the mounting holes.

Figure A-3. User Board Footprint for RCM4100 Series

RCM4100 Series Footprint

0.050

(1.27)

0.284

(7.2)

0.334

(8.5)

0.875

(22.2)

74 RabbitCore RCM4100

A.2 Rabbit 4000 DC Characteristics

Stresses beyond those listed in Table A-3 may cause permanent damage. The ratings are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the Rabbit 4000 chip at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in this section is not implied. Exposure to the absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect the reliability of the Rabbit 4000 chip.

Table A-4 outlines the DC characteristics for the Rabbit 4000 at 3.3 V over the recommended operating temperature range from T

= –40°C to +85°C, VDDIO = 3.0 V to 3.6 V.

Table A-3. Rabbit 4000 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Maximum Rating

Operating Temperature -40° to +85°C

Storage Temperature -55° to +125°C

Maximum Input Voltage

VDD

+ 0.3 V

(max. 3.6 V)

VDD

Maximum Operating Voltage 3.6 V

Table A-4. 3.3 Volt DC Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max

VDD

I/O Ring Supply Voltage, 3.3 V 3 .0 V 3.3 V 3.6 V I/O Ring Supply Voltage, 1.8 V 1.65 V 1.8 V 1.90 V

High-Level Input Voltage (VDD

= 3.3 V)

2.0 V

Low-Level Input Voltage (VDD

= 3.3 V)

0.8 V

High-Level Output Voltage (VDD

= 3.3 V)

2.4 V

Low-Level Output Voltage (VDD

= 3.3 V)

0.4 V

I/O Ring Current @ 29.4912 MHz,

3.3 V, 25°C

12.2 mA

DRIVE

All other I/O (except TXD+, TXDD+, TXD-, TXDD-)

8 mA

User’s Manual 75

A.3 I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit

Unless otherwise specified, the Rabbit I/O buffers are capable of sourcing and sinking 8 mA of current per pin at full AC switching speed. Full AC switching assumes a

29.4 MHz CPU clock with the clock doubler enabled and capacitive loading on address and data lines of less than 70 pF per pin. The absolute maximum operating voltage on all I/O is 3.6 V.

A.4 Bus Loading

You must pay careful attention to bus loading when designing an interface to the RCM4100 series of modules. This section provides bus loading information for external devices.

Table A-5 lists the capacitance for the various RCM4100 I/O ports.

Table A-6 lists the external capacitive bus loading for the various RCM4100 series output ports. Be sure to add the loads for the devices you are using in your custom system and verify that they do not exceed the values in Table A-6.

Table A-5. Capacitance of Rabbit 4000 I/O Ports

I/O Ports

Input

Capacitance

(pF)

Output

Capacitance

(pF)

Parallel Ports A to E 12 14

Table A-6. External Capacitive Bus Loading -40°C to +85°C

Output Port

Clock Speed

(MHz)

Maximum External

Capacitive Loading (pF)

All I/O lines with clock doubler enabled

58.98 100

76 RabbitCore RCM4100

Figure A-4 shows a typical timing diagram for the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor external I/O read and write cycles.

Figure A-4. External I/O Read and Write Cycles—No Extra Wait States

NOTE: /IOCSx can be programmed to be active low (default) or active high.

adr

External I/O Read (no extra wait states)

CLK

A[15:0]

External I/O Write (no extra wait states)

CLK

A[15:0]

/IORD

valid

/BUFEN

/IOCSx

/IOWR

/BUFEN

D[7:0]

valid

setup

hold

/CSx

/IOCSx

CSx

IOCSx

IORD

BUFEN

CSx

IOCSx

IORD

BUFEN

valid

D[7:0]

/CSx

CSx

IOCSx

IOWR

CSx

IOCSx

IOWR

BUFEN

DHZV

DVHZ

User’s Manual 77

Table A-7 lists the delays in gross memory access time for several values of VDDIO.

The measurements are taken at the 50% points under the following conditions.

• T = -40°C to 85°C, V = VDD

±10%

• Internal clock to nonloaded CLK pin delay ≤ 1 ns @ 85°C/3.0 V The clock to address output delays are similar, and apply to the following delays.

• T

adr

, the clock to address delay

• T

CSx

, the clock to memory chip select delay

• T

IOCSx

, the clock to I/O chip select delay

• T

IORD

, the clock to I/O read strobe delay

• T

IOWR

, the clock to I/O write strobe delay

• T

BUFEN

, the clock to I/O buffer enable delay

The data setup time delays are similar for both T

setup

and T

hold

When the spectrum spreader is enabled with the clock doubler, every other clock cycle is shortened (sometimes lengthened) by a maximum amount given in the table above. The shortening takes place by shortening the high part of the clock. If the doubler is not enabled, then every clock is shortened during the low part of the clock period. The maximum shortening for a pair of clocks combined is shown in the table.

Technical Note TN227, Interfacing External I/O with Rabbit Microprocessor Designs, contains suggestions for interfacing I/O devices to the Rabbit 4000 microprocessors.

Table A-7. Preliminary Data and Clock Delays

VDD

(V)

Clock to Address

Output Delay

(ns)

Data Setup Time Delay

(ns)

Worst-Case

Spectrum Spreader Delay

(ns)

30 pF 60 pF 90 pF

0.5 ns setting no dbl / dbl

1 ns setting

no dbl / dbl

2 ns setting

no dbl / dbl

3.3 6 8 11 1 2.3 / 2.3 3 / 4.5 4.5 / 9

1.8 18 24 33 3 7 / 6.5 8 / 12 11 / 22

78 RabbitCore RCM4100

A.5 Jumper Configurations

Figure A-5 shows the header locations used to configure the various RCM4100 options via jumpers.

Figure A-5. Location of RCM4100 Configurable Positions

Table A-8 lists the configuration options.

Table A-8. RCM4100 Jumper Configurations

Header Description Pins Connected

Factory

Default

JP1 LN0 or PD0 on J2 pin 40

1–2 LN0 RCM4100 2–3 PD0 RCM4110

JP2 LN2 or PD2 on J2 pin 42

1–2 LN2 RCM4100 2–3 PD2 RCM4110

JP3 LN6 or PD6 on J2 pin 46

1–2 LN6 RCM4100 2–3 PD6 RCM4110

JP4 LN7 or PD7 on J2 pin 47

1–2 LN7 RCM4100 2–3 PD7 RCM4110

JP5 LN5 or PD5 on J2 pin 45

1–2 LN5 RCM4100 2–3 PD5 RCM4110

JP6 LN4 or PD4 on J2 pin 44

1–2 LN4 RCM4100 2–3 PD4 RCM4110

JP7 LN3 or PD3 on J2 pin 43

1–2 LN3 RCM4100 2–3 PD3 RCM4110

JP1 JP2 JP9 JP6 JP7 JP3 JP5 JP4

JP12

JP11

JP10

JP8

Top Side

RCM4100

User’s Manual 79

NOTE: The jumper connections are made using 0 Ω surface-mounted resistors.

JP8 Data SRAM Size

1–2 512K

2–3 256K

JP9 LN1 or PD1 on J2 pin 41

1–2 LN1 RCM4100 2–3 PD1 RCM4110

JP10 PE5 or SMODE0 Output on J2

1–2 PE5

2–3 SMODE0

JP11 PE6 or SMODE1 Output on J2

1–2 PE6

2–3 SMODE1

JP12 PE7 or STATU S Output on J2

1–2 PE7

2–3 STATUS

Table A-8. RCM4100 Jumper Configurations

Header Description Pins Connected

Factory

Default

80 RabbitCore RCM4100

A.6 Conformal Coating

The areas around the 32 kHz real-time clock crystal oscillator have had the Dow Corning silicone-based 1-2620 conformal coating applied. The conformally coated area is shown in Figure A-6. The conformal coating protects these high-impedance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time.

Figure A-6. RCM4100 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating

Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering procedures for surface-mounted components. A new conformal coating should then be applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants.

NOTE: For more information on conformal coatings, refer to Technical Note 303, Con-

formal Coatings.

Conformally coated

area

JP1

JP2

JP9

JP6

JP7

JP3

JP5

JP4

R10

R11

C15

RP2

C16 C17

R27

RP1

R15

C23

R17

R16

C21

C14

R19

R18

R22

R23

C27

C28

R21

JP8

JP10

JP11

JP12

C6 C7

C10 C11

C12

C13

R12

C24

R14

C25 C26

C19 C20

C18

R13

C30 C31

C34 C35

C32

C33

C29

C38 C39

C37

C36

User’s Manual 81

APPENDIX B. PROTOTYPING BOARD

Appendix B describes the features and accessories of the Prototyping Board, and explains the use of the Prototyping Board to demonstrate the RCM4100 series of modules and to build prototypes of your own circuits. The Prototyping Board has powersupply connections and also provides some basic I/O peripherals (RS-232, LEDs, and switches), as well as a prototyping area for more advanced hardware development.

82 RabbitCore RCM4100

B.1 Introduction

The Prototyping Board included in the Development Kit makes it easy to connect an RCM4100 series module to a power supply and a PC workstation for development. It also provides some basic I/O peripherals (RS-232, LEDs, and switches), as well as a prototyping area for more advanced hardware development.

For the most basic level of evaluation and development, the Prototyping Board can be used without modification.

As you progress to more sophisticated experimentation and hardware development, modifications and additions can be made to the board without modifying the RCM4100 series module.

The Prototyping Board is shown below in Figure B-1, with its main features identified.

Figure B-1. Prototyping Board

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

+3.3 V

BT1

S1 RESET

RXD TXD

TXC RXC

GND

UX29

RX81

RX87

CX41

RX83

RX11

CX39

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

CX29

CX17

RX67

UX45

RX85

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27

R28

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT

EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1 LN1

PD3 LN3

PD5 LN5

PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0 LN0

PD2 LN2

PD4 LN4

PD6 LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24

JP23

C14

C12

C10

C8C7C9

C11

C13

R10

R8R6R4R3R5

R20

R18

R16

R14

R13

R15

R17

R29

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX33UX31

RX89

UX3

UX37 UX42 UX41

RX63

RX65

RX61

RX59

R26

R25

C15

C19 C20

C18

C17

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

R11

R12

RX47

RX43

Power

LED

Reset

Switch

User

LEDs

+5 V, 3.3 V, and

GND Buses

RCM4100

Module

Extension Header

User

Switches

SMT Prototyping

Area

Current-

Measurement

Headers

Through-Hole

Prototyping Area

C53

Analog

I/O

Power

Input

Backup

Battery

RS-232 Header

RCM4100

Module

Connector

SMT Prototyping

Area

RCM4100

Standoff

Mounting

User’s Manual 83

B.1.1 Prototyping Board Features

• Power Connection—A a 3-pin header is provided for connection to the power supply. Note that the 3-pin header is symmetrical, with both outer pins connected to ground and the center pin connected to the raw V+ input. The cable of the AC adapter provided with the North American version of the Development Kit is terminated with a header plug that connects to the 3-pin header in either orientation. The header plug leading to bare leads provided for overseas customers can be connected to the 3-pin header in either orientation.

Users providing their own power supply should ensure that it delivers 8–24 V DC at 8 W. The voltage regulators will get warm while in use.

• Regulated Power Supply—The raw DC voltage provided at the 3-pin header is routed to a 5 V switching voltage regulator, then to a separate 3.3 V linear regulator. The regulators provide stable power to the RCM4100 series module and the Prototyping Board.

•

Power LED—The power LED lights whenever power is connected to the Prototyping

Board.

•

Reset Switch—A momentary-contact, normally open switch is connected directly to the

RCM4100’s /RESET_IN pin. Pressing the switch forces a hardware reset of the system.

• I/O Switches and LEDs—Two momentary-contact, normally open switches are connected to the PB4 and PB5 pins of the RCM4100 series module and may be read as inputs by sample applications.

T wo LEDs are connected to the PB2 and PB3 pins of the RCM4100 series module, and may be driven as output indicators by sample applications.

• Prototyping Area—A generous prototyping area has been provided for the installation of through-hole components. +3.3 V, +5 V, and Ground buses run around the edge of this area. Several areas for surface-mount devices are also available. (Note that there are SMT device pads on both top and bottom of the Prototyping Board.) Each SMT pad is connected to a hole designed to accept a 30 AWG solid wire.

•

Module Extension Header—The complete non-analog pin set of the RCM4100 series

module is duplicated at header J2. Developers can solder wires directly into the appropriate holes, or, for more flexible development, a 2 × 25 header strip with a 0.1" pitch can be soldered into place. See Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.

NOTE: The same Prototyping Board is used for several series of RabbitCore modules, and

so the signals at J2 depend on the signals available on the specific RabbitCore module.

• Analog Inputs Header—The complete analog pin set of the RCM4100 series module

is duplicated at header J3. Developers can solder wires directly into the appropriate holes, or, for more flexible development, a 2 × 7 header strip with a 0.1" pitch can be soldered into place. See Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.

•

RS-232—Two 3-wire or one 5-wire RS-232 serial ports are available on the Prototyp-

ing Board at header J4. A 10-pin 0.1" pitch header strip installed at J4 allows you to connect a ribbon cable that leads to a standard DE-9 serial connector.

84 RabbitCore RCM4100

• Current Measurement Option—You may cut the trace below header JP1 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board and install a 1 × 2 header strip from the Development Kit to allow you to use an ammeter across the pins to measure the current drawn from the +5 V supply . Similarly, you may cut the trace below header JP2 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board and install a 1 × 2 header strip from the Development Kit to allow you to use an ammeter across the pins to measure the current drawn from the +3.3 V supply.

• Backup Battery—A 2032 lithium-ion battery rated at 3.0 V, 220 mA·h, provides battery backup for the RCM4100 series SRAM and real-time clock.

User’s Manual 85

B.2 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout

Figure B-2 shows the mechanical dimensions and layout for the Prototyping Board.

Figure B-2. Prototyping Board Dimensions

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

+3.3 V

BT1

S1 RESET

RXD TXD

TXC RXC

GND

UX29

RX81

RX87

CX41

RX83

RX11

CX39

UX30

UX10

UX12

UX14

UX16

RX79

CX29

CX17

RX67

UX45

RX85

GND

R24

R22

R21

R23

CX23

RX77

R27

R28

JP25

CX25

RX75

RX73

CX27

DS3

S3S2

DS2

UX49

UX4

UX47

+5 V

GND

+3.3 V

RCM1

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT

EXT

PA1

PA3

PA5

PA7

PB1

PB3

PB5

PB7

PC1

PC3

PC5

PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1 LN1

PD3 LN3

PD5 LN5

PD7 LN7

VREF

GND

/IORD

/RST_IN

PA0

PA2

PA4

PA6

PB0

PB2

PB4

PB6

PC0

PC2

PC4

PC6

PE0

PE2

PE4

PE6

PD0 LN0

PD2 LN2

PD4 LN4

PD6 LN6

CVT

AGND

JP24

JP23

C14

C12

C10

C8C7C9

C11

C13

R10

R8R6R4R3R5

R20

R18

R16

R14

R13

R15

R17

R29

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

R19

RX57

RX55

RX97

RX49

UX33UX31

RX89

UX3

UX37 UX42

UX41

RX63

RX65

RX61

RX59

R26

R25

C15

C19 C20

C18

C17

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

C16

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

R11

R12

RX47

RX43

0.24

(6)

3.80

(97)

0.15

(3.8)

0.15

(3.8)

3.485

(88.5)

0.165

(4.2)

0.15

(3.8)

0.15

(3.8)

3.80

(97)

0.19

(4.8)

0.36

(9.1)

3.10

(78.8)

2.735

(69.5)

1.935

(49.1)

86 RabbitCore RCM4100

Table B-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the Prototyping Board.

B.3 Power Supply

The RCM4100 series of modules requires a regulated 3.0 V – 3.6 V DC power source to operate. Depending on the amount of current required by the application, different regulators can be used to supply this voltage.

The Prototyping Board has an onboard +5 V switching power regulator from which a +3.3 V linear regulator draws its supply. Thus both +5 V and +3.3 V are available on the Prototyping Board.

The Prototyping Board itself is protected against reverse polarity by a Shottky diode at D2 as shown in Figure B-3.

Figure B-3. Prototyping Board Power Supply

Table B-1. Prototyping Board Specifications

Parameter Specification

Board Size 3.80" × 3.80" × 0.48" (97 mm × 97 mm × 12 mm) Operating T emperatu re 0°C to +70°C Humidity 5% to 95%, noncondensing Input Voltage 8 V to 24 V DC Maximum Current Draw

(includi ng user-added circuits)

800 mA max. for +3.3 V supply, 1 A total +3.3 V and +5 V combined

Prototyping Area

1.3" × 2.0" (33 mm × 50 mm) throughhole, 0.1" spacing, additional space for SMT components

Connectors

One 2 × 25 header socket, 1.27 mm pitch, to accept RCM4100 One 1 × 3 IDC header for power-supply connection One 2 × 5 IDC RS-232 header, 0.1" pitch Two unstuffed header locations for analog and RCM4100 signals 25 unstuffed 2-pin header locations for optional configurations

LINEAR POWER

REGULATOR

POWER

10 µF

LM 1117

+3.3 V

DL4003

47 µF

330 µF

+5 V

330 µH

D1 B140

SWITCHING POWER REGULATOR

DCIN

LM2575

10 µF

JP1

JP2

User’s Manual 87

B.4 Using the Prototyping Board

The Prototyping Board is actually both a demonstration board and a prototyping board. As a demonstration board, it can be used to demonstrate the functionality of the

RCM4100

series of modules

right out of the box without any modifications to either board.

The Prototyping Board comes with the basic components necessary to demonstrate the operation of the RCM4100. Two LEDs (DS2 and DS3) are connected to PB2 and PB3, and two switches (S2 and S3) are connected to PB4 and PB5 to demonstrate the interface to the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor . Reset switch S1 is the hardware reset for the RCM4100.

The

Prototyping Board provides the user with RCM4100 connection points brought out conveniently to labeled points at header J2 on the Prototyping Board. Although header J2 is unstuffed, a 2 × 25 header is included in the bag of parts. RS-232 signals (Serial Ports C and D)

are available on header J4. A header strip at J4 allows you to connect a ribbon cable,

and a ribbon cable to DB9 connector is included with the Development Kit.

The pinouts for

these locations are shown in Figure B-4.

Figure B-4. Prototyping Board Pinout

The analog signals are brought out to labeled points at header location J3 on the Prototyping Board. Although header J3 is unstuffed, a 2 × 7 header can be added. Note that analog signals are only available from the RCM4100 — the RCM4110 and RCM4120 models do not have an A/D converter.

+3.3 V

/RST_OUT

/IOWR

VBAT_EXT

PA1 PA3 PA5 PA7 PB1 PB3 PB5

PB7 PC1 PC3 PC5 PC7

PE1

PE3

PE5

PE7

PD1/LN1

PD3/LN3 PD5/LN5 PD7/LN7

VREF

GND /IORD /RST_IN PA0 PA2 PA4 PA6 PB0 PB2 PB4 PB6 PC0 PC2 PC4 PC6 PE0 PE2 PE4 PE6 PD0/LN0 PD2/LN2 PD4/LN4 PD6/LN6 CVT AGND

AGND

CVT

LN6IN

LN4IN

LN2IN

LN0IN

VREF

LN7IN

LN5IN

LN3IN

LN1IN

AGND

RCM4100

Signals

RS-232

Analog

Inputs

TxD RxD

GND

RxC TxC

GND+GND

88 RabbitCore RCM4100

Selected signals from the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor are available on header J2 of the Prototyping Board. The remaining ports on the Rabbit 4000 microprocessor are used for RS-232 serial communication. Table B-2 lists the signals on header J2 and explains how they are used on the Prototyping Board.

There is a 1.3" × 2" through-hole prototyping space available on the Prototyping Board. The holes in the prototyping area are spaced at 0.1" (2.5 mm).

+3.3 V, +5 V, and GND traces

run along the top edge of the prototyping area for easy access.

Small to medium circuits

can be prototyped using point-

to-point wiring with 20 to 30 AWG wire between the proto-

typing area, the

+3.3 V, +5 V, and GND traces,

and the surrounding area where surface-

mount components may be installed.

Small holes are provided around the surface-mounted

components that may be installed around the prototyping area.

Table B-2. Use of Rabbit 4000 Signals on the Prototypi ng Board

Pin Pin Name Prototyping Board Use

1 +3.3 V +3.3 V power supply 2 GND 3 /RST_OUT Reset output from reset generator 4 /IORD External read strobe 5 /IOWR External write strobe 6 /RESET_IN Input to reset generator

8–15 PA0–PA7 Output, pulled high

16 PB0 CLKB 17 PB1 Programming port CLKA 18 PB2 LED DS2 (normally high/off) 19 PB3 LED DS3 (normally high/off) 20 PB4 Switch S2 (normally open/pulled up)

21 PB5 Switch S3 (normally open/pulled up) 22–23 PB6–PB7 Output, pulled high 24–25 PC0–PC1 Serial Port D (RS-232, header J4) (high) 26–27 PC2–PC3 Serial Port C (RS-232, header J4) (high) 28–29 PC4–PC5 Serial Port B 30–31 PC6–PC7 Serial Port A (programming port) (high) 32–39 PE0–PE7 Parallel I/O, Output, I0–I7

40–47

LN0–LN7 A/D converter inputs (not available on RCM4110)

PD0–PD7 Output, pulled high 48 CONVERT A/D converter CONVERT input (not available on RCM4110) 49 VREF A/D converter reference voltage (not available on RCM4110) 50 AGND A/D converter ground (not available on RCM4110)

User’s Manual 89

B.4.1 Adding Other Components

There are pads for 28-pin TSSOP devices, 16-pin SOIC devices, and 6-pin SOT devices that can be used for surface-mount prototyping with these devices. There are also pads that can be used for SMT resistors and capacitors in an 0805 SMT package. Each component has every one of its pin pads connected to a hole in which a 30 A W G wire can be soldered (standard wire wrap wire can be soldered in for point-to-point wiring on the Prototyping Board). Because the traces are very thin, carefully determine which set of holes is connected to which surface-mount pad.

B.4.2 Measuring Current Draw

The Prototyping Board has a current-measurement feature available at header locations JP1 and JP2 for the +5 V and +3.3 V supplies respectively. To measure current, you will have to cut the trace on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board corresponding to the power supply or power supplies whose current draw you will be measuring. Header locations JP1 and JP2 are shown in Figure B-5. Then install a 1 × 2 header strip from the Development Kit on the top side of the Prototyping Board at the header location(s) whose trace(s) you cut. The header strip(s) will allow you to use an ammeter across their pins to measure the current drawn from that supply. Once you are done measuring the current, place a jumper across the header pins to resume normal operation.

Figure B-5. Prototyping Board Current-Measur ement Option

NOTE: Once you have cut the trace below header location J P1 or JP2, you must e ither be

using the ammeter or have a jumper in place in order for power to be delivered to the Prototyping Board.

Cut traces

Bottom Side

JP1

JP2

JP1 (+5 V)

JP2 (+3.3 V)

CURRENT

MEASUREMENT

PWR

DS1

GND

JP1

JP2

JP1

JP2

90 RabbitCore RCM4100

B.4.3 Analog Features (RCM4100 only)

The Prototyping Board has typical support circuitry installed to complement the ADS7870 A/D converter on the RCM4100 model (the A/D converter is not available on the RCM4110 and the RCM4120).

B.4.3.1 A/D Converter Inputs

Figure B-6 shows a pair of A/D converter input circuits. The resistors form an approx . 11 :1 attenuator, and the capacitor filters noise pulses from the A/D converter input. The 470 Ω inline jumpers allow other configurations (see Table B-6) and provide digital isolation when you are not using an A/D converter (Parallel Port D is available). These jumpers optimize using RabbitCore modules w ith or without A/D co nverters—if you are designi ng your own circuit, the best performance for the A/D converter would be realized with 0 Ω resistors.

Figure B-6. A/D Converter Inputs

The A/D converter chip can make either single-ended or differential measurements depending on the value of the opmode parameter in the software function call. Adjacent A/D converter inputs are paired to make differential measurements. The default setup on the Prototyping Board is to measure only positive voltages for the ranges listed in Table B-3.

Table B-3. Positive A/D Converter Input Voltage Ranges

Min. Voltage

(V)

Max. Voltage

(with prescaler)

(V)

Gain

Multiplier

A/D Converter

Actual Gain

Resolution

(mV)

0.0 +22.528 ×1 1 11

0.0 +11.264 ×2 1.8 5.5

0.0 +5.632 ×4 3.6 2.75

0.0 +4.506 ×5 4.5 2.20

0.0 +2.816 ×8 7.2 1.375

0.0 +2.253 ×10 9.0 1.100

0.0 +1.408 ×16 14.4 0.688

0.0 +1.126 ×20 18 0.550

100 kW

LN0_IN

AGND

LN1_IN

ADC

BVREF =

2.048 V

100 kW

2.2 nF

10 kW

2.2 nF

ADC

(RCM4100)

JP23/JP24

Inline jumpers are 470 W resistors

User’s Manual 91

Many other possible ranges are possible by physically changing the resistor values that make up the attenuator circuit.

NOTE: Analog input LN7_IN does not have the 10 kΩ resistor installed, and so no

resistor attenuator is ava il abl e, li mit in g its maximum inpu t vol ta ge to 2 V. This input is intended to be used for a thermistor that you may install at header location JP25.

It is also possible to read a negative voltage on LN0_IN–LN5_IN by moving the 0 Ω jumper (see Figure B-6) on header JP23 or JP24 associated with the A/D converter input from analog ground to the reference voltage generated and buffered by the A/D converter. Adjacent input channels are paired; moving the jumper on JP 23 changes both of the paired channels (LN4_IN–LN5_IN), and moving the jumper on JP24 changes LN0_IN– LN1_IN and LN2_IN–LN3_IN. At the present time Rabbit does not offer the software drivers to work with single-ended negative voltages, but the differential mode described below may be used to measure negative voltages.

Differential measurements require two channels. As the name differential implies, the dif- ference in voltage between the two adjacent channels is measured rather than the difference between the input and analog ground. Voltage measurements taken in differential mode have a resolution of 12 bits, with the 12th bit indicating whether the difference is positive or negative.

The A/D converter chip can only a ccept positiv e voltages, as ex plained in Section 4.4. Both different i al in pu t s mu st b e r e ferenced to analog ground, and both inpu t s mu s t be po siti ve with respect to analog ground. Table B-4 provides the differential voltage ranges for this setup.

Table B-4. Differential Voltage Ranges

Min. Differential

Voltage

(V)

Max. Differential

Voltage (with

prescaler)

(V)

Gain

Multiplier

A/D Converter

Actual Gain

Resolution

(mV)

0 ±22.528 ×1 1 11 0±11.264×21.8 5.5 0 ±5.632 ×4 3.6 2.75 0 ±4.506 ×5 4.5 2.20 0 ±2.816 ×8 7.2 1.375 0 ±2.253 ×10 9.0 1.100 0 ±1.408 ×16 14.4 0.688 0 ±1.126 ×20 18 0.550

92 RabbitCore RCM4100

B.4.3.2 Thermistor Input

Analog input LN7_IN on the Prototyping Board was designed specifically for use with a thermistor at JP25 in conjunction with the

THERMISTOR.C sample program, which demon-

strates how to use the analog input to measure temperature, which will be displayed in the Dynamic C

STDIO window . The sample program is targeted specifically for the thermistor

included with the Development Kit with R

@ 25°C = 3 kΩ and β 25/85 = 3965. Be sure

to use the applicable R

and β values for your thermistor if you use another thermistor.

Figure B-7. Prototyping Board Thermistor Input

B.4.3.3 A/D Converter Calibration

T o get the best results form the A/D converter, it is necessary to calibrate each mode (singleended or differential) for each of its gains. It is imperative that you calibrate each of the A/D converter inputs in the same manner as they are to be used in the application. For example, if you will be performing floating differential measurements or differential measurements using a common analog ground, then calibrate the A/D converter in the corresponding manner. The calibration must be done with the JP23/JP24 selection jumpers in the desired position (see Figure B-6). If a calibration is performed and a jumper is subsequently moved, the corresponding input(s) must be recalibrated. The calibration table in software only holds calibration constants based on mode, channel, and gain. Ot her factors

affecting the calibration must be taken into account by calibrating using the same mode and gain setup as in the intended use.

Sample programs are available to illustrate how to read and calibrate the various A/D inputs for the single-ended operating mode.

Mode Read Calibrate

Single-Ended, one channel — AD_CAL_CHAN.C Single-Ended, all channels AD_RDVOLT_ALL.C AD_CAL_ALL.C

1 kW

LN7_IN

BVREF

Thermistor

JP25

2.2 nF

AGND

ADC

(RCM4100)

Inline jumper is 470 W resistor

User’s Manual 93

B.4.4 Serial Communication

The Prototyping Board allows you to access five of the serial ports from the RCM4100 series of modules. T a ble B-5 summarizes the configuration options. Note that Serial Ports E and F can be used only with the Prototyping Board.

Serial Ports E and F may be used as serial ports, or the corresponding pins at header location J2 may be used as parallel ports.

Table B-5. Prototyping Board Serial Port Configurations

Serial Port Header Default Use Alternate Use

A J2 Programming Port RS-232

BJ2

A/D Converter

(RCM4100 only)

—

C J2, J4 RS-232 — D J2, J4 RS-232 —

EJ2 — — FJ2 — —

94 RabbitCore RCM4100

B.4.4.1 RS-232

RS-232 serial communication on header J4 on both Prototyping Boards is supported by an RS-232 transceiver installed at U3. This transceiver provides the voltage output, slew rate, and input voltage immunity required to meet the RS-232 serial communication protocol. Basically, the chip translates the Rabbit 4000’s signals to RS-232 signal levels. Note that the polarity is reversed in an RS-232 circuit so that a +3.3 V output becomes approximately -10 V and 0 V is output as +10 V. The RS-232 transceiver also provides the proper line loading for reliable communication.

RS-232 can be us ed effectively at th e ma xim u m ba ud rat e for di s tan ce s of up to 15 m. RS-232 flow control on an RS-232 port is initiated in software using the serXflowcon-

trolOn

function call from RS232.LIB, where X is the serial port (C or D). The locations

of the flow control lines are specified using a set of five macros.

SERX_RTS_PORT—Data register for the parallel port that the RTS line is on (e.g., PCDR). SERA_RTS_SHADOW—Shadow register for the RTS line's parallel port (e.g., PCDRShadow). SERA_RTS_BIT—The bit number for the RTS line. SERA_CTS_PORT—Data register for the parallel port that the CTS line is on (e.g., PCDRShadow). SERA_CTS_BIT—The bit number for the CTS line.

Standard 3-wire RS-232 communication using Serial Ports C and D is illustrated in the following sample code.

#define CINBUFSIZE 15 // set size of circular buffers in bytes #define COUTBUFSIZE 15

#define DINBUFSIZE 15 #define DOUTBUFSIZE 15

#define MYBAUD 115200 // set baud rate #endif

main(){ serCopen(_MYBAUD); // open Serial Ports C and D serDopen(_MYBAUD); serCwrFlush(); // flush their input and transmit buffers serCrdFlush(); serDwrFlush(); serDrdFlush(); serCclose(_MYBAUD); // close Serial Ports C and D serDclose(_MYBAUD); }

User’s Manual 95

B.5 Prototyping Board Jumper Configurations

Figure B-8 shows the header locations used to configure the various Prototyping Board options via jumpers.

Figure B-8. Location of Configurable Jumpers on Prototyping Board

T able B-6 lists the configuration options using either jumpers or 0 Ω surface-mount resistors.

Table B-6. Prototyping Board Jumper Confi gurations

Header Description Pins Connected

Factory

Default

JP1 +5 V Current Measurement 1–2 Via trace or jumper Connected JP2 +3.3 V Current Measurement 1–2 Via trace or jumper Connected

JP3 JP4

PC0/TxD/LED DS2

JP3

1–2

TxD on header J4

JP4

1–2

PC0 to LED DS2

n.c. PC0 available on header J2

JP1

JP2

JP25

UX49

JP23

JP11

JP15

JP19

JP21

JP22

JP20

JP17

JP13

JP16

JP6 JP5

JP12

JP4 JP3

JP14

JP8 JP7

JP18

JP9

JP10

JP24

96 RabbitCore RCM4100

JP5 JP6

PC1/RxD/Switch S2

JP5 1–2

RxD on header J4

JP6 1–2

PC1 to Switch S2

n.c. PC1 available on header J2

JP7 JP8

PC2/TxC/LED DS3

JP7 1–2

TxC on header J4

JP6 1–2

PC2 to LED DS3

n.c. PC2 available on header J2

JP9

JP10

PC3/RxC/Switch S3

JP9 1–2

PC3 to Switch S3

JP10

1–2

RxC on header J4

n.c. PC3 available on header J2

JP11 LN0 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected

JP12 PB2/LED DS2

1–2 Connected: PB2 to LED DS2

n.c. PB2 available on header J2

JP13 LN1 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected

JP14 PB3/LED DS3

1–2 Connected: PB3 to LED DS3

n.c. PB3 available on header J2

JP15 LN2 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected

JP16 PB4/Switch S2

1–2 Connected: PB4 to Switch S2

n.c. PB4 available on header J2

JP17 LN3 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected

JP18 PB5/Switch S3

1–2 Connected: PB5 to Switch S3

n.c. PB5 available on header J2 JP19 LN4 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected JP20 LN5 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected JP21 LN6 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected JP22 LN7 buffer/filter to RCM4100 1–2 Connected

Table B-6. Prototyping Board Jumpe r Confi gurations (continued)

Header Description Pins Connected

Factory

Default

Rabbit RabbitCore RCM4100 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual