Quantum ProDrive 40S, ProDrive 80S Product Manual

Quantum

ProD rive Series™

Intelligent Disk Drives

ProDrive™ 40S/80S

Product Manual

Quantum Corporation

730-00-9302 .

Rev: A

Date: 6/88

Quantum ProDrive Series™

Intelligent Disk Drives

ProDrive™ 40S/S0S

Product Manual

Quantum

730-00-9302

Corporation

Rev: A

Date: 6/88

ii

PREFACE

Quantum reserves the right

to

obligation

Quantum publishes descriptive brochures and Manuals for each product line. Technical Support Bulletins which are sent changes to the content

Quantum publications Quantum

Publication No.

incorporate such changes

in

the

same

730-00-9302 Rev. A

to

make changes and/or improvements to its products without incurring any

In

addition, important changes to a product are conveyed in the

of

a manual are covered

may

be

requested from your Quantum Sales Representative,

manner

as

spare

UL

recognition

CSA

certification granted under File No. LR49896

VDE

certification granted

or

improvements

to

parts.

in

units previously sold

data

sheets, Product Manuals, and Technical Reference

all product customers

by

publishing Addenda to the affected manual.

of

record. Those changes which require

or

shipped.

or

may

UUCSANDE

granted

under

File

No. E78016

per

File No. 11342-3250-2003/AIA

fonn

be

ordered from

of

Quantum two further details

directed

Product covered

4,647,769; 4,647,997; 4,661,696;

ProDrive

years from the date

to

the Quantum service center in your area.

AIRLOCl(®

disk drives are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period

of

shipment.

can

be

obtained from your Quantum sales representative. All requests for service should be

or

licensed under the following U.S. Patents: 4,538,193; 4,593,194; 4,639,798;

OCopyright

ProDrive

Nand

ProDrive Series

and

DisCaclae@are

WARRANTY

The

warranty includes parts and labor. This is a limited warranty;

PATENTS

4,669,004; 4,703,176.

Nare

registered trademarks

Printed

Other

trademarks

in

U.S.A.

patents pending.

of

Quantum

of

Quantum

Corporation.

of

iii

SERVICE CENTERS

Quantum Service Center

1804 McCarthy Boulevard Milpitas, California 408-432-1100

95035

Quantum Gmbh Hanstrasse 0-6000 West Germany Phone: (49) 69-6666167 Telex: 4-17-166

70

Frankfurt/M-

71

iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION

1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS

1 . 1 GENERAL DESCRlPTlON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

.1

1.2

.1

~'TIC)t6

1 .2.1 Physical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 -2

1 .2.2

1.2.3

1

.2.4

1.2.5

1 .2.6

Applicable

Perfonnance Functional Reliability

hnlStics.

Standards

Documents.

...••.•.••....•...•..•.......•

Specffications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Specifications.

Specification. . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

and

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regulations.

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

.'.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

SECTION 2 - INSTALLATION AND OPERATION

2 . 1 I'6'T

2.

2

2.3

2.

4

AL.LA

'J1C)tII. • • • • . . . • • . . . • . • . . . . . . . . • • • • • • .

2.1.1

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1 .4

VB'f11LA~...............................

INTERCONNECTING

2.3.1

2.3.2

ClF'ERA~.................................

2.4. 1

2.4.2

2.4.3

2.4.4

2.4.5

2.4.6

2.4.7

Space

Requirements.

Unpackaging

Mounting.

Power

DC

Power

~ICon~r

General

Self

Seek

Enable

Wait

SCSI

Faceplate

Driver

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Requirements.

CABLE

Connector.

Procedures

Test

Parity

Option.

Spin

Option. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Bus

Device

LED

Tenninators.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Instructions.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

CONNECTORS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

..........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Option

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Identification.

Operation.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.. .. ..

1-1 1-1 1-1

1 -5

1-5

2-1

2-5

2-6 2-7

2-8 2-8 2-8

SECTION 3 - PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

3 . 1

3 • 2 PIoDrlve

ProDrive

3. 1

.1

3. 1 .2

3.1.3

3.1 .4

3.1.5

3. 1

.6

3.1 .7

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

DRIVE

MEaiANlSM.

Base

Disk

Rotary t-teadstack

~

Automatic

Air

Ritration.

DRIVE

General

Head

ReadlWrite System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Interface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Casting

Stack

Assembly.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Positioner

Assembly

(Actuator)

................

Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Erlcxx:Ier.

Actuator

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lock.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

ELECTRONICS.

Desaiption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Positioning

Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System

......................

..

3-1

3-2

3-2 3-3

3-4 3-4 3-6

v

Table

of

Contents (Cont.)

SECTION 4 - SCSI INTERFACE

4.1

4.2

4.3

~

At.ISI~

4.2.1 Conformance

4.2.2

SCSI

INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "

4.3.1

4.3.2

4.3.3

4.3.4

................................

...........................

Level

and

Hardware

General

SCSI

Bus

SCSI

Implementation

Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Electrical

SignaJs

Bus

Characteristics ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

liming.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Altematives. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Choices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 5 - SCSI PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES

5.

1

GENERAL

5 . 2

5

5.4

5 • 5

5.6

5.

5.8

5 . 9

5.

SCSI

5.2.1

5.2.2

5.2.3

5.2.4

5.2.5

5.2.6

5.2.7

5.2.8

5.2.9

5.2. 1

• 3

SCSI

5.3.1

5.3.2

SCSI

5.4. 1

5.4.2

5.4.3

SCSI MESSAGE

5.6.1

5.6.2

5.6.3

7 COMMAND

5.7.1 Command Descriptor COMPLETION READING

5.9.1

5.9.2

5.9.3

1 0

CONFIGURING

5.10.1 PIoDrlwOperating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5.10.2

11

COMMAND

5.11.1

5.

11

5.11.3

5.11.4

5.11.5

5.11.6

DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BlJS PIiASES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bus

Free

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Arbitration Selection Reselection Information Command

Data

Status

Message

0 Signal Restrictions Between Phases. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BUS

CONDI'fIOt\IS.

ATTENTION RESET

BUS

PHASE

Non-Arbitrating

Arbitrating

All

Systems

Fl()INI'EfIS.

SYSTEM

Message

Messages.

Message Error Recovery Strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

IMPLEMENTATION.

STATUS

AND

WRmNG.

Logical Logical

Transferring

Operating

DESCRIPTIONS.

TeST UNIT READY Command: Opcode =

.2 REZERO UNIT Command: Opcode =

REQUEST SENSE Command: Opcode = 03(hex). . . . . . 5-22

FORMAT UNIT Command: Opcode = 04(hex). . . . . .

REASSIGN BLOCKS Command: Opcode = 07(hex). . . . . . . . 5-35

READ Command: Opcode = 08(hex)

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Phase

(Optional)

Transfer

Phase

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phases

..........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

.....................

'.

Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condition.

Condition

.......................

SEQUENCES.

Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

Systems

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

SPECIRCA

Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BYTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Blocks.

Block

THE

PRODRIVE.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Address

Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Mode

Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

nON.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

Block (COB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Ranges. . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21

OO(hex).

01

(hex). . .

................

4-1 4-1

..

4-1

..

4-1

..

4-1

5-1 5-1

..

5-1 5-1

5-4 5-5

. . . . . . . . . . 5-6

..

5-6

..

5-6

'.

. 5-7

" 5-7

..

5-9

..

5-9

..

5-10

..

5-17

..

5-18

..

5-19

..

5-20

..

5-20

..

5-20

. . . . . . . . 5-21

..

....

..

5-22 5-28

5-36

vi

Table

of Contents (cont.)

5.11.7

5.11.8

5.11.9

5.11.10

5.11.11

5.11.12

5.11.13

5.11.14

5.11.15

5.11.16

5.11.17

5.11.18

5.11.19

5.11.20

5.11.21

5.11.22

5.11.23

5.11.24

5.11.25

5.11.26

SECTION

6 • MAINTENANCE

WRITE SEEK INQUIRY MODE RESERVE RELEASE MODE START/STOP SEND READ READ WRITE SEEK WRITE VERIFY READ WRITE READ READ WRITE

6.1 <E&Al..1JESC:FF

6.2

6.3

6.4 MAINTENANCE

~PfECAU1'IC)t6.....................

PREVENTA11VE

6.4.1

6.4.2

MAHrENANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LEVELS,

Levels

Tools,

Command:

Opcode =

Command:

SELECT

Command:

SENSE

DIAGNOSTIC CAPACITY EXTENDED

EXTENDED

AND

Command:

UNIT

~mand:

VERIFY

Command:

DEFECT

BUFFER BUFFER LONG

LONG

I'ICJIII.

of

Maintenance.

Equipment

DATA

Command:

Command: Opcode = E8(hex). . . . . . . . . .

Command:

• . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • . •

TOOLS,

and Spares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Opcode =

Opcode

Command:

Opcode = 2F(hex). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-63

OA(hex).

OB(hex).

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38

= 12(hex). . . . . . . . . . . .

Opcode

Command:

Opcode

EQUIPMENT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

= 15(hex). . . . . . . . . . . 5-41

= 16(hex). . . . . . . . . . .

= 17(hex). . . . . . . . . . .

= 1A(hex). . . . . . . . .

Opcode

Opcode = 10(hex). . . . . . . . . 5-59

Opcode

Opcode = 2A(hex). . . . . . . . . 5-61

Opcode

Opcode = 2E(hex). . . . . . . . . 5-62

= 1 B(hex). . . . . . . . . 5-58

= 25(hex). . . . . . . . . . 5-60

= 28(hex). . . . . . .

= 2B(hex). . . . . . . . . 5-62

Opcode = 37(hex). . . . . . . . 5-64

= 3B(hex). . . . . . . . . . . 5-66

= 3C(hex). . . . . . . . . . . 5-67

= EA(hex). . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69

AND

SPARES. . .

..

5-37 5-38 5-52

5-53 5-54

5-61

5-69

6-1 6-1 6-1 6-1 6-1

APPEHIX

APPENDIX

~D·(lCBSARY

APPENDIX E • QUANTUM

A· DISCAQE®. . . . . .

B·

TRACK

IntrtxIuction.

TI'CICk

ForrTlat.

Track

and

C·

MEDIA

IrlIn:xilIction

[)efect [)etection .

[)efect

Marlagernerll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Error

CaTectirlg

Retum

AeIlair

Material

Cf1arges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ProOr1ve

FORMAmNG

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cylinder

DEFECT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ccx:Ie.

Authorization

Series

Drive

APPENDICES

Skewing.

..............................

.....................

REPAIR

Revision

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HANDUNG

AND

ERROR

CORREcnNG

CODE

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4

.

PROCEDURE

(RMA

or

RA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Identification.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

A-1

B-1 B-1 B-1

C-1 C-1 C-1

0-1

E-1 E-1 E-1

vii

TABLES

IIbII

1-1 2-1 4-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 Transfer 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 5-13 5-14 5-15 5-16 5-17 5-18 5-19 5-20 5-21 5-22 5-23 5-24 5-25 5-26 RElEASE 5-27 5-28 5-29 5-30 5-31 5-32 5-33 5-34 5-35 5-36 5-37 5-38 5-39 5-40 5-41

5-42 5-43 5-44 5-45 5-46

A-1

Vbration~.............................

DC

Power

Signal

SaJrces.

Information

Message

Ccmnarlcm

SIaIlJs

Byte

Status

Byte

PtolJtIve

TEST

UNIT REZERO REQUEST EXTENDED SENSE FORMATUNITConmand FORMAT

Defect

list -

REASSIGN REASSIGN READ

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36

WRITE SEEK

Camland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38

INQUIRY INQUIRY MODE MODE RESERVE

MODE MODE

SENSE STARTISTOP SEND

DIAGNOSTIC

READ

CAPACIlY Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

READ

CAPACIlY Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

READ

EXTENDED WRITE SEEK

EXTENDED WRITE VERIFY READDEFECTDATAConmand

[)efec:t list

PIlysicaI

Bytes

Offset

WRITE READ

BUFFER

READ

BUFFER

READ

LOOG

WRITE

t:JII!It:actIe

I!Ia

1-2

Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Transfer

Codes

Rates

~

. • . . . . . . . . . . . .

Code

S1atus

READY

UNIT

SENSE

ERROR

UNIT

LOGICAL BLOCKS BLOCKS

Phases. .

Sl4JIX)rted

Supported/Transfer

by

Bit

Values. . . . . . . . . . .

Ccxtes.

Camland.

.'

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

by

the ProDrItIe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Period

Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

the

ProDrItIe.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •

.~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . .

.'

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Camland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

Conmand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

SENSE

Formal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

............................

Command

Variations.

BLOCK

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29

FORMAT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Defed list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-37

Camland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-39

DATAFormat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SElECT Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41

SELECT

Parameter

list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-42

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-53

SENSE

Camland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-54

Data.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-56

UNIT

Camland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-59

Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-61

EXTENDED AND

VERIFY

Conmand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~.

SeeD-

Fran

BUFFER

LONG

PrograrnrnabIe

Command.

Conmand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62

Command.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62

........................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fermat.

Cammal

Conmand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~.

Command.

Index

. .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-65

Format.

Kt.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-68

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . 5-66

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parameters.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. 2-5

..

.,

..

.'

. . . 5-65

..

5-1 5-15

5-17 5-17 5-18 5-21

5-23 5-28

5-35 5-36

5-39

5-58

5-60

5-60 5-61

5-63 5-64 5-65

5-67

5-69

A-3

0

viii

f.kID 2IaI

2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 3-1 3-2 M 3-3 3-4 4-1 4-2 5-1 5-2 5-3

B-1

B-2

C-1 C-2

AoOWe

AoOWeP~

AoOWeMounting

AoOWeMounting Saew Clearance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC SCSI

Shorting

AoOWe

Head

FteaiWriIe

SCSI SCSI

Phase Phase

Sin1lIified

ExarT1lIe ExarT1lIe

Factory

Field

Mechanical

Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power

Cori1ector

Coni19ClOr'

PluglTenninator

(J1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Exploded

Filbc::dion.

Positioning

Bus

Sequenc:a;

Found

. . . • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . 3-3

Electronics.

Block

DacJram.

Assignments.

Trring Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Sequences

SCSI

System

of

a 7

-8ector

of

a

15-Sector

Found

Defects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2

Defects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIGURES

Dimensions.

(J2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Location

VtfNI. . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

on

PCB

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . 3-5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

without

with

Arbitration.

.............................

Track

Skew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cytinder

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Skew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4

2-7 3-1

5-9

B-1

B-2

C-3

ix

x

SECTION 1

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND .SPECIFICATIONS

1.1

The Quantum ProDrive disk platters as storage media. These drives feature formatted capacities ranging from 42 to 168 megabytes and a variety industry-standard megabytes megabytes powerful SCSI commands

efficiently managed within these products and can drives feature an innovative design using an integrated controller, minimum number control

of

NOTE:

1.1.1

This document provides a general description of

operation, interface command implementation, and maintenance. Additional infonnation pertaining to

SCSI interface may be found in the ANSI X3.I31-1986, Small Computer System Interface

the Specification Common Command

1.2

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Series™

of

interfaces. This manual covers the

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) host interface. The ProDrive 40S has 42

of

formatted capacity on two disks with three movable heads; the ProDrive 80S has 84

of

formatted capacity on three disks with six movable heads. These drives make optimum use

to

product quality during manufacture. The result is low cost, high reliability products.

Throughout this manual, ProDrive 40S/80S 40S

or

the ProDrive 80S. ProDrive 40S and ProD rive 80S will be used to refer specifically

42

to the

and 84 megabyte versions, respectively.

is a family

provide maximum system performance. Media defects and error recovery are

of

ten hard disk drives using non-removable 3 1/2-inch rigid

ProDrive™40S

be

fully transparent to the user. The

or

ProDrive will refer to either the ProD rive

and ProDrive 80S, which feature the

ProDri:ve

of

parts, and close

APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

of

the

ProDrive

Set, Rev 4B, (by an ANSC X3T9.2 working group).

40S/80S, including installation, principles

SPECIFICATIONS

Series

of

Key features

• Formatted storage capacity

• Industry-standard (ANSI) SCSI host interface, CCS, Rev 4B

• Fully integrated SCSI controller

• Industry standard 3 1/2-inch form factor

• Data transfer rate synchronous

• Full disconnect/arbitrate/reconnect capability

• 64 KB look-ahead, programmable DisCache®

•

19

• 48 bit computer generated cyclic ECC (Error Correcting Code) with . capability

• Automatic retry for read disk errors

• Transparent defect mapping

• High-performance in-line defective sector skipping and reassignment sectors without need to reformat

• Buffer memory parity and SCSI bus parity

•

Patented

• Read/Write with

• Support for 512, 1024, and 2048 byte logical block sizes

• Multiple block data transfer up to 64K blocks

of

the ProDrive 4OS/80S include:

of

42

or

84 megabytes

of

up to 2.0 megabytes/second asychronous, 4.0 megabytes/second

msec average access time

AIRLOCK® automatic shipping lock and dedicated landing zone

1:

I interleave operation .

II-bit

burst correction

of

new defective

General Description and Specifications 1-1

Section

General

1

Description

and Specifications

1.2.1

Environmental

PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Limits

Ambient Temperature -

Ambient Relative Humidity Non-Operating:

Altitude (relative to sea

l~vel)

Mechanical Dimensions (Exclusive

Height Width Depth Weight

= = = =

1.625 in.

4.0 in.

5.75 in.

1.9 lb.

(41.3 mm) (101.6 mm) (144.9 mm)

(0.88 kg)

Non-Operating:

Operating:

- Non-Operating: Operating:

of

Faceplate)

-40°F to 140°F (-40°C to 65°C)

42°F/hr (20°C/hr) gradient

39°F to 122°F (4°C to 50°C) 23°F/hr (IO°C/hr) gradient

5% to 95% without condensation

Maximum wet bulb

8% to 85% without condensation Maximum wet bulb

-200 (-60M) to 40,000 ft. (12

-200 (-60M) to 10,000 ft. (3 km)

= 115°F (46°C) = 79°F (26°C)

km)

Heat Dissipation

Average Typical

Power consumption includes power dissipated by drive's SCSI bus terminators.

Shock

Table axes (the principal drive base axes). The term "operating" implies that the drive will be fully functional while being subjected to the shock or vibration level listed during operation. "Non-operating" implies that there will be no change in performance once the drive is powered up after being subjected to the listed shock or vibration in the powered-down (non-operating) condition.

and

I-I

lists specified levels for shock and vibration applied to any

Power Consumption (idle):

Power Consumption (30% Seeking):

Vibration

TABLE 1·1 Vibration

VIBRATION:

5-500 Hz Sine Wave (Peak to Peak)

1 Oct/Min

SHOCK:

1/2 Sine Wave

11

Sine Sweep

of

msec Duration ( 1 0 hits maximum)

8 Watts (27.3 BTUlHr) 9 Watts (30.7 BTUlHr)

of

the three mutually perpendicular

and

Shock Specficiation

Operating

O.50G

lOG

(1

soft error/shock)

(6 G No soft errors)

Non-Operating

2.00G

60G

In addition, the ProDrive as packaged in the shipping container will withstand drops onto a concrete surface from 48 inches on all surfaces, six edges and three comers. It will withstand vibration applied to

of

the container

1·2

0.5 G, 5-100 Hz (0 to Peak) and

General Description and Specifications

1.5

G, 100-500 Hz (0 to Peak).

Section 1

General Description and Specifications

1.2.2

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS

Capacity

Fonnatted capacity (MB) *

Number

of

512 byte sectors

* One megabyte is defined as 220 bytes

Data

Transfer

Seek Times/Miscellaneous Times

DESCRIPTION

Single Track Seek (msec) Average

1/3 Full Average Rotational Latency (msec) Sequential Head Switch (msec)

Power-U~

Rates Buffer to SCSI Bus - Up to 2.0 Mbytes/second asynchronous,

Disk to Buffer -

Seek (msec)

Stroke Seek (msec)

Time (sec)

ProDrive 40S

82,029

TYPICAL

NOMINAL

CONDITION

6

19

:!)

35

8.3

3.0

13

ProDrive 80S

40

4.0 Mybtes/seconds synchronous

Up

to 1.25 Mbytes/second in bursts

NOMINAL

CONDITION

7

21

23

40

8.3

3.0 3.0

15

80

164,058

MAXIMUM

WORST

CONDITION

CASE

7

23

25

45

8.3

18

NOTES: Quoted seek times include head settling time but do not include command overhead or latency

Seek time is the time required for the actuator to seek and settle on track.

time.

Seek times are measured by averaging 1000 seeks

of

the average

1000 random seeks. In the rare occurrence

of

the indicated length. Average seek time is

of

a seek error, any individual seek

may take up to 5 seconds for recovery.

of

Sequential head switch time is the time required for the head to move from the end

of

sector on a track to the beginning cylinder. This time is fixed by the track skewing feature

the next sequential sector, located on the next track, same

of

the drive. (See Appendix B.)

the last

Power-up time is the time from the supply voltages reach operating range to the time the drive

to

accept

aU

is able

Nominal conditions are defined as applied shock

commands.

0

25

C ambient temperature, nominal supply voltages, and no

or

vibration. Worst case conditions are defined as worst case extremes

of

temperature and supply voltages.

General Description and Specifications

1·3

Section 1

General Description and Specifications

Media Quality

The ProDrive features defect management, which eliminates the need to manually identify defects. Defect

is

management

completely transparent to the user. See Appendix C for a detailed description

of

the

ProDrive defect handling procedure and ECC (Error Correcting Code) capability.

Error

Error rates are defined by Quantum as follows:

2)

3)

4) Unrecoverable errors are those whose final retry error pattern is uncorrectable using ECC: retry reads

Rates

Random Data Errors (2): Defect Data Errors (3): Unrecoverable Data Errors (4): Seek Errors (5):

1)

A data error over at least

shock or vibration.

Random errors are those which do not exhibit a repeating error pattern, i.e twice in a row within a specified number once data probably not due to media defects.

Defect errors are those which exhibit a repeating error pattern, i.e within eight retry reads. and cannot be read without error up to that point. to media defects. The sectors will be automatically reallocated Enabled bit in page 1 H and the Reallocate Uncorrectable Error Enabled bit in page 39H MODE SELECT command are set to See Appendix C for a description

are terminated by either a repeating error pattern, or eight attempts without reading correctly.

is

one (1) sector read incorrectly. Data error rates are defined as average rates measured

1000 different sectors under any

is

read correctly.) The sectors will not be automatically reallocated since the errors are

1 error per 1 error per 1 error per 1 error per

of

retry reads; the default is eight. (Retries are terminated

See Appendix C for information on defect handling.

1.

(The default is 0: automatic reallocation is not performed.)

of

error correction options.

10

bits read (maximum)

12

10

bits read (maximum)

14

10

bits read (maximum)

106 seeks (maximum)

of

the specified operating conditions except applied

.•

the error does not occur

.•

the error occurs twice in a row

Such errors are likely due

if

the Automatic Read Reallocation

of

the

in

5) A seek error is any seek the drive must go through a full recalibration routine to locate the desired cylinder. A full recalibration takes approximately five seconds.

1.2.3

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

which the drive does not locate the desired cylinder.

ProDrive 40S ProDrive 80S

1·4

Nom Rotational Speed (RPM) Max Recording Density (bpi} Max Flux Density (fei) Track Density (tpi) 1,000 1,000 Data Cylinders Data Tracks RlWHeads Disks Encoding Scheme

General Description and Specifications

3.662 ±O.3% 3.662

22.055 22.055 14,700

834

2,502

3 2

RLL 2,7 RLL 2,7

14.700

5,004

or

any seek in which

±O.3~

834

6 3

Section 1

General Description and Specifications

1.2.4

MTBF: PM: MTTR: Start/Stop:

1.2.5

Idle Mode: 45

1.2.6

The

a)

b)

c)

d)

RELIABILITY SPECIFICATIONS

50,000 POH typical usage Not required 30

minutes

10,000 cycles

ACOUSTICS

dBa

maximum at 1 foot in any direction

STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

ProDrive disk drives satisfy the following standards and regulations:

U.L.:

CSA: SDA:

VDE:

FCC:

Standard 478, Standard for Safety, Electronic Data Processing Units and Systems

Standard C22.2-154 Data Processing Equipment Standard C22.2-143 Office Equipment

VDE 0806, (IEC 380), Standard for Office Appliances and Machines

FCC Rules for Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Part 15, Sub Part Equipment

J, For Class B

General Description and Specifications

1·5

Section 1 General Description and Specifications

(This page intentionally left blank..)

1-

6 General Description and Specifications

INSTALLATION

SECTION 2

AND OPERATION

2.1

2.1.1

The ProDrive disk drives are shipped with a faceplate installed and shock mounts mounted directly to the base casting. Figure

INSTALLATION SPACE REQUIREMENTS

2-1

shows the external dimensions

of

the drives.

104.2

438

All dimensions in millimeters

FIGURE 2-1 ProDrive Mechanical Dimensions

~

Installation and Operation 2 - 1

Section 2

Installation and Operation

2.1.2

UNPACKAGING INSTRUCTIONS

a) Open the shipping container. b)

Lift shipping container material and remove drive.

Figure 2-2 illustrates the 8-pack packing assembly for the identifies each item.

ProDrive. The list following the figure

/"-

INSERTS

/ 4PL

./

/_.

BOTTOM

./.

STY

FIGURE

PackinK

NOTES: After unpacking the disk drive(s), store the packing materials for possible future use.

2 - 2 Installation and Operation

Assembly

Item

Descrjptjon:

A. Shipping Container (8-pack) B.

C.

D.

Internal Padding

ProDrive Disk Drive

Package inserts

The

ESD bag

is

used to prevent electronic component damage during handling and shipment. You should ensure that your handling and shipping procedures will also preclude damage due to electrostatic discharge.

2·2

ProDrive Packing Assembly

Section 2

Installation and Operation

2.1.3

The ProDrive may be mounted in any orientation. The mounting bracket with'integral designed for this purpose. Figure 2-3 shows

holes on each side

MOUNTING

of

the bracket.

T

the location

1'04.1

of

the mounting bracket

±.30

---,..

D

••

ami

the .four mountin,g

;:

D

shoc.J<.mo

unts

'.

is

o

DD

2.7±.1~

All dimensions

FIGURE 2-3 ProDrive Mounting Dimensions

The base casting is very close to the drive mounting bracket. Mounting must be chosen so that through the mounting bracket holes. the mounting hole threads and avoid damaging ,orplaoing

To

casting. the mounting screws must not exceed 8 inch-pounds.

avoid stripping the mounting hole ;ihreads,

no

more than the specified length

See Figure 2-4. This .length will allow full use

'01'6±'30

in

millimeters

__

;themaximum

~

...

of

screw

:unw.ante.d

ll

thread

stress on the base

'torque applied to

~

:9OF.ew

!kmg:ths

protrudes

of

Installation and Operation 2 • 3

Section 2

Installation. and Operation

"'"

"""',,

50

..

"

~

l

r~

i .130

I .

: \

5.5mm-l

"T!6

FIGURE

2.1.4

DC Power

The voltages and current requirements sequencing either power.

POWER REQUIREMENTS

OFF

Voltage

2·4

or

ON is required by the

Nominal Tolerance

\

\ :

J~

r~

\ I

!c::==========~}

.....--

____

....,

J

\

\ I \

\

"-

PCB

HARD

DISK

ASSEMBLY

ProDrive Mounting Screw Clearance

of

the DC Power supplied to the drive are listed below. No power

ProDrive.

Power requirements include SCSI terminator

+12V ±10%

+SV ±S%

Current

Ripple

2 • 4 Installation and Operation

and

Noise

Typical (Idle) Typical (Seeking) Maximum (Power Up)

Maximum

O.SOA O.80A

1.60A 100

mV

P-P

O.SOA O.60A

0.6SA SO

mV

P-P

Section 2

Installation and Operation

Drive

Startup

12

Volt Supply - ProDrive 40S/80S Start Current Profile (Typical Average)

2

112

(A)

1

I

o

-

t

t=O,

power on

Power Sequencing

Current

Profile

~

~~

~

rIIIIIIIIl

~

,

3

SECONDS

l.J

~

4

No damage or loss may be lost in the sector being written at the time transient voltages opening up

Power Reset Limits

+5

+12 Volts: 10.2 to 9.6 Volts

When powering up, the drive will remain reset (inactive) until both reset limits are exceeded. When powering down, the drive will become reset when either supply voltage drops below the lower threshold: hysteresis is

2.2

The

ProDrive

(500C). temperature

Any user-designed cabinet should provide adequate air circulation so that this maximum air

of

data will occur if power

+ 10% to -100% from nominal while powering up

of

either voltage

Volts:

50 m V minimum.

or

4.6

to 4.5 Volts

return line.

is

applied or removed during drive operation, except that data

of

power loss. In particular, the drive can sustain

or

down, as well as the shorting out or

VENTILATION

operates without a cooling fan provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 122°F

is

not exceeded.

Installation and Operation 2 - 5

Section 2

Installation and Operation

2.3

2.3.1

The DC power connector (J2) the PCB near the SCSI connector. See Figure 2-5. The recommended mating connector (P2) (AMP PIN 480424-0) utilizes AMP pins [PIN 350078-4 (strip) or PIN 61173-4 (loose piece)]. J2 pins are labeled on the J2 connector.

NOTE: Pins 2 and 3 are connected on the drive.

2.3.2

INTERCONNECTING DC POWER CONNECTOR

is

a 4-pin DuPont Connector (SK 20055-(00) mounted on the back edge

Pin I +12 volts DC Pin 2 + Pin 3 +5 volt return (ground) Pin 4 +5 volts DC

12

volt return (ground)

FIGURE

2-5 DC Power Connector (12)

SCSI CONNECTOR

CABLE

CONNECTORS

of

1-

One SCSI cable connector in

Section 4 - SCSI Interface.

Connection to 2-6. A key slot is provided to prevent incorrect installation mating connector for strain relief),

NOTE: Un keyed mating connectors should not be used due to the possibility

11

is

or

equivalent.

backwards.

(JI)

is required for the ProDrive. Details

through a 50-pin Universal Header connector. A connector sketch is shown

of

11

is AMP receptacle

~~~~",=""="~~=-=-=~~",=,,,,=,,"',=,,-,=,,,,-POSITION

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

FIGURE

1-499508-2 (with strain relief) or PIN

2-6

SCSI

Connector

of

the signals required can be found

the mating connector. The recommended

(11)

in

1-746195~2

of

plugging the connector

#1

INDICATOR

Figure

(without

in

2 - 6 Installation

and

Operation

Section 2

Installation and Operation

2.4

2.4.1

Configuration This section describes the user-selectable hardware options that should be set prior to installation. Figure 2-7 identifies the location these options. In addition to the optional hardware configurations described below, can also be affected by many optional features controlled by individual

information about the

J2

DC

CONNECTOR

OPERATION GENERAL

of

a ProDrive disk drive varies depending on the system

of

SCSI commands.

PROCEDURES

shorting plugs and terminators on the Printed Circuit Board which control

SCSI

TERMINATORS

in

which it is to be installed.

ProDrive operation

SCSI commands. See Section 5 for

MICROPROCE

SSOR

BACK

DRIVE

OF

o

EPROM

JUMPERS

SCSI

CONNECTOR

FIGURE 2-7 Shorting Plug/Terminator Locations on the PCB

(1)

FACTORY TEST

CONNECTOR

FACE SIDE

PLATE

Installation and Operation 2 - 7

Section 2

Installation and Operation

2.4.2

The self seek test continuously exercises the actuator

installed, the drive will perfonn random seek patterns, verifying target IDs after every seek. The pattern will repeat as long as power

ProDrive is sent from the factory

The

2.4.3

Shorting plug checking although parity is still generated.

ProDrive is sent from the factory with shorting plug

The

2.4.4

The

WS shorting plug controls the Wait/Spin option. When this plug is installed, the motor will not spin upon power-up permits power sequencing demanding peak start current at the same time. will be ready within start spinning upon power-up

ProDrive is sent from the factory with the WS plug not installed (Wait/Spin option disabled).

The

SELF SEEK TEST OPTION

is

applied to the drive

with

shorting plug SS not installed (Self Seek Test disabled).

ENABLE PARITY OPTION

EP

controls the checking

of

data across the SCSI bus is enabled. With

of

parity across the SCSI bus. When this plug is installed, parity

WAIT SPIN OPTION

or

reset until the host sends the START/STOP command across the SCSI bus. This

so

that the system power supply will not be overloaded by many devices

Once the START/STOP command is received, the drive

15

seconds. When the WS shorting plug is not installed, the motor will automatically

or

reset and be ready within

of

the drive. When shorting plug option SS is

or

until an error has occurred.

EP

removed, parity checking is not performed,

EP

installed (Parity enabled).

15

seconds.

2.4.5

The SCSI bus can support up to eight devices including the host system. The identity number determines the priority level the ProD rive prior to installation.

Three shorting plugs (A2, comprise a 3-bit binary number in which A2 is the most significant bit and Installation represents shorting plugs installed, the device identity is

The ProD rive is sent from the factory with plugs A2 and A 1 installed (device 6).

2.4.6

The green It lights at the beginning The LED remains on even when the drive is disconnected from the initiator during a command.

2.4.7

The ProDrive contains three resistor networks, in sockets, to terminate the SCSI bus. The location these terminators is shown in Figure 2-7. Section 3.2.2 terminators. SCSI bus should contain the terminators. When a ProDrive is used in a position

the first

SCSI

of

BUS

each device, so careful consideration must be taken in choosing the identity number

Al

aI,

DEVICE IDENTIFICATION

and

AO)

shown in Figure 2-7, are used for device identification. These plugs

AO

is the least significant.

meaning that with all shorting plugs installed the device identity is

O.

FACEPLATE LED OPERATION

LED

located on the ProDrive's faceplate illuminates when the drive is executing a command.

of

a command and does not go

off

until the command is completed or aborted.

DRIVER TERMINATORS

of

the manual describes the function

It

is important to note that only the first device (usually the host) and the last device on the

on

the bus

or

last, all three

of

the terminators must be removed.

7.

of

these

other

of

With no

of

than

ProDrive is sent from the factory with the terminators installed.

The

2 - 8 Installation and Operation

PRINCIPLES OF

SECTION 3

OPERAtiON

3.1

The drive mechanism consists

These subassemblies

Figure 3-1.

ProDrive

are

40S/80S DRIVE MECHANISM

of

the mechanical subassemblies which are sealed under a metal cover.

not

adjustable

nor

are

they field

repairable.

Please refer to

FIGURE

3·1

ProDrive Exploded View

PrinCiples

of

Operation 3 • 1

Section 3

Principles

of

Operation

3.1.1

The base casting is a single-piece cast aluminum alloy which provides a mounting surface for the rest drive mechanism. assembly. A gasket is mounted on the outside top edge to ensure a seal with the metal cover. Surfaces are provided for mounting the magnet plate assemblies for the rotary positioner assembly, and a read/write preamplifier. Mounting holes are provided outside the cover area, for the PCB and shock mount bracket assembly. .

3.1.2

The disk stack assembly is secured to the of

disks, disk spacers and a disk clamp. The assembly, disk mounting hub, and ferro-fluid magnetic seal. This seal prevents outside air from entering the drive through the bearing bore spacers are placed disks are an aluminum alloy with a thin film magnetic metal coating which is lubricated using a carbon

overcoat. This overcoat prevents head and media wear when the heads are in contact with the disk surface,

which only occurs outside the data area.

3.1.3

The positioner used

magnet plates, a rotary single phase coil, a headstack mounting hub, and a bearing shaft. The magnets are

composed casting. The rotor and hub are molded together. The shaft is pressed into the base casting. Crash stops

mounted to the magnet plate assembly prevent the heads from being driven into the spindle surface.

BASE CASTING ASSEMBLY

It

has two machined holes for mounting the motor/spindle assembly and the positioner

DISK STACK ASSEMBLY

DC

spindle motor which is bolted to the base casting.

DC

motor assembly consists

or

along the bearing shaft. In the ProDrive 80S, three disks and two

on

the hub and clamped in place; the ProDrive 40S uses two disks and one spacer. The

of

a DC motor, spindle bearing

ROTARY POSITIONER ASSEMBLY (ACTUATOR)

on

the ProDrive is a Quantum proprietary design. It consists

of

two alternating poles bonded to the magnet plates which in tum, are bolted to the base

of

the upper and lower

or

off

of

It

consists

the disk

the

3.1.4 HEADSTACK ASSEMBLY

The headstack assembly consists and the rotary positioner assembly. It is designed such that the mass center

of

center design in which the head arms, optical scale, and rotary positioner coil assembly balance each other. The heads are mini-composite slider type heads. They are mounted to Whitney-style spring steel flexures which are screwed to the head arms. The head conductors are flex cables routed through one flex circuit. A read preamplifier/write driver is mounted to this flex circuit.

3.1.5

The optical encoder assembly consists optical reticle, a multi-cell photo diode matrix, and a flex circuit.

The infrared LED and the mirror are mounted in the upper portion

scale mounted with the headstack to move between the mirror-reflected light from the infared LED and the

lower portion

so that each cell only

angular position

the mounting hub. This is accomplished without the need for external counterbalances through a

OPTICAL ENCODER

of

the housing which contains the reticle and photo cells. The reticle masks the photo cells

rece'ives light through a specific portion

of

the reticle and scale are precision adjustments made when the drive is manufactured.

of

the read/write heads, head arms, spacers, flex circuit, an optical scale,

of

the entire stack is at the

of

a housing, an infared light-emitting diode (LED), a mirror, an

of

the housing. This allows the optical

of

the movable scale. Both the clearance and

3 - 2 Principles

of

Operation

Section 3

Principles

of

Operation

3.1.6

The ProDri,'e uses a dedicated landing zone to ensure data integrity and prevent damage during shipment.

It also uses AIRLOCK@. Quantum's patented means

AIRLOCK consists

actuator to hold the headstack in the landing zone whenever the disk is not rotating. As DC power is

applied to the motor and the disk stack starts rotating, an airflow is generated around the disk. As airflow increases with disk rotation, the airvane and its landing zone. When DC power is removed from the motor, an electronic return mechanism automatically pulls the actuator into the landing zone so the

3.1.7

The

ProDri~e

surface.

end

of

this sentence.

It is absolutely essential that the air circulating within the drive drive is assembled in a Class 100 purified air environment, then sealed with a metal cover. During the life of

the drive. the rotating disks act as an air pump to force the air through an internal filter. Figure 3-2

shows the air flow in the enclosed area

The lowest pressure area within the drive is at the top in the center filter is bonded in this area equalize internal and external pressures. The highest pressure area within the drive is located at the outer

of

edge this location. Air is pumped continuously into the side disks, is filtered, and exits from the side Since this area filter. This setup ensures a continuous flow stringent cleanliness required, the cover and seals should not

the disk. Another 0.3 micron filter called the circulation filter is mounted to the base casting at

AUTOMATIC ACTUATOR LOCK

of

locking the headstack in the landing zone. The

of

an airvane mounted close to the edge

ann

rotate. enabling the headstack to move freely out

AIRLOCK can hold it

of

the disk stack with an

in

place.

ann

that intersects the

AIR FILTRATION

Series drives are Winchester type drives and. as such, the heads fly very close to'the media

The

nominal flying height is 8 microinches - more than 2500 times smaller than the period

of

the drive.

of

the cover. This filter allows outside air into the sealed area

of

the filter facing away from the rotating direction

of

the drive is at a lower pressure than at the edge

of

filtered air as soon as the disks start to rotate. Due to the

be kept free

of

the filter facing the rotating direction

of

the disks, air will circulate through the

be tampered with.

of

particles.

the spindle. A 0.3 micron breather

To

of

the drive to

of

the

at

this end, the

of

the

the disks.

the

FIGURE

3·2

Air

Filtration

3

MICRON

FILTER

CIRCULATION

Principles

of

Operation 3 • 3

Section 3 Principles of Operation

3.2

3.2.1

All drive electronics, including SCSI controller functions, are contained on one Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA). This is accomplished through advanced circuit design and the use mounted devices and proprietary PCBA are the preamplifier chip for the read/write circuitry, and the electronic circuitry for the optical encoder photocells and infared LED; these are located under the drive cover. The preamplifier is mounted as close to the read/write heads as possible to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The following paragraphs provide operation details for major functional

3.2.2

At power-on and at other predetermined times, wedge data on the inside and outside tracks is read by the read channel for each disk surface. This analog data is converted to a digital value by an on-chip on the microcontroller. The controller uses these values to calculate the slope error line from outside to inside internal temperature and a time mark. New values are read and the slope temperature and/or time exceeds a predetermined value. When seeking, signals P I and P2 from the optical encoder are used to determine track crossings. track, the position error for that track is applied, and the head settles to the center Signals Differences between the reference position and the position indicated by from the pulse width modulator. This signal is converted to an analog form and applied to the actuator driver, causing the actuator to move the head back onto the desired track centerline.

PI

ProDrive

40S/80S DRIVE ELECTRONICS

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

of

miniature surface-

VLSI components. The only electrical components not contained on the

circui~s

within the drive.

HEAD POSITIONING SYSTEM

AID

of

the expected track position

of

each surface. These values are stored along with the current HDA

is

recalculated whenever the

Once the actuator has positioned the head close to the desired

of

the proper track.

and P2 are monitored and compared with a reference position to hold the head on track.

PI

and P2 will result in an output

converter

Figure 3-3 provides a block diagram

of

the head positioning electronics.

MICROCONTROLLER

FIGURE

3 • 4 PrinCiples

of

Operation

3-3

Head Positioning Electronics

Section 3

Principles

of

Operation

3.2.3

READ/WRITE SYSTEM

The read channel path on the ProDrive begins at the heads as the magnetic flux transitions recorded on the disk pass under the heads causing a low amplitude output differential voltage. These signals pass from the head onto a flex circuit where a preamplifier/write driver IC is mounted to amplify the signal. Preamplification is done on the flex circuit at the point closest to the head to improve the signal to noise perfonnance.

The flex circuit leaves the enclosed drive through a gap between the base casting and the cover, and connects with a mating header on the PCB. This gap is sealed by the cover gasket. Here the read signal is amplified further, filtered, and differentiated by the read data processor IC which outputs the signal READ DATA. This signal is fed to the data synchronizer/ENDEC IC which decodes the data into an NRZ data stream (NRZ), and a byte clock (BCLK). The

also provides the signal address mark detected (AMD)

if

the data

Ie

pattern read is the address mark pattern. These signals are fed to the data sequencer/DMA controller IC

SOLO. Once SOLO has identified the incoming data as belonging to the target sector(s) the data

called

NRZ

sequencer portion converts the

to

feeds this word

the cache/buffer RAM. The interface IC then outputs the data to the host with

serial bit stream into an 8 bit word. The DMA portion

of

SOLO then

DMA

control from SOLO.

Writing data is the reverse

of

reading

in

that data is presented at the interface IC and passed to SOLO as an

8-bit word. Data presented at a rate faster than can be written are temporarily stored in the cache/buffer

of

RAM. In this way, data can be passed to the drive at a rate independent

the rate at which data can be

written to the disk.

The data synchronizerlENDEC IC provides

SOLO with the signal address mark detect (AMD) and data to identify the target sector. Once SOLO detects the correct sector, it converts the data from an 8-bit word into a serial bit stream and passes this data and a clock to the data synchronizer/ENDEC IC. The data is then encoded into an RLL 2,7 bit stream and passed to the preamplifier/write driver IC via the write data line. The preamplifier/write driver IC receives the signal write gate from

SOLO and writes the data to the disk.

Figure 3-4 provides a block diagram

WRITE DRIVER

WRITE

Figure 3-4 Read/Write Block Diagram

of

the read/write electronics.

GATE

NRZ

BCLK

AMD

ADDRESS

SOLO

CACHE/BUFFER

WR

RD

REO

ACK

RAM

SPICY

Principles

of

Operation 3 - 5

Section 3

Principles of Operation

3.2.4

The Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) logic is implemented using an SCSI controller chip called SPICY. This chip interfaces to the host system through the 50-pin SCSI connector (11); and to drive electronics including the microprocessor's control lines and address/data bus, and the DMA controller/data sequencer

The controller chip is configured to operate under control information through the multiplexed address/data bus. An address is strobed into the on

the falling edge

status from the controller chip)

The microprocessor can also command and the buffer RAM in synchronous or asynchronous mode. RAM over nine lines (eight data lines and one parity line). The transfer is controlled by the DMA

controller/data sequencer IC transferred between the buffer RAM and operations. This high synchronous data rate and RAM refresh operations.

Interface Control

(SOLO).

of

ALE (Address Latch Enable). Data is then strobed from or onto the bus by -RD (read

(SOLO) which handles addressing

DMA

transfer rate allows SPICY to communicate over the SCSI bus at a

of

4.0 MBytes/second, while SOLO simultaneously controls disk-to-RAM transfers

or

-WR (write to

SPICY to perform data transfer operations between the SCSI bus

SPICY at up to 8.0 MBytes/second in SOLO page mode

of

the microprocessor, which can send and receive

the~ontroller

chip)

if

the address selects the chip.

SPICY reads

of

the buffer RAM for SPICY. Data can be

SCSI controller chip

or

writes data from/to the buffer

3 - 6 Principles

of

Operation

SECTION 4

SCSI INTERFACE

4.1

The

ProDrive 40S and

integrated Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) controller. This section dermes the functional requirements bus timing, and other parameters. The paragraphs below are intended interface. Refer to requirements.

INTRODUCTION

ProDrive

for

interfacing with the

Section 5 for more detailed infonnation on the

80S disk drives are "intelligent" disk drives in that they feature

ProDrive

4OS/80S via the SCSI bus, including the command set,

to

provide a brief description

ProDrive

4OS/80S programming

4.2 ANSI CONFORMANCE

4.2.1

The

ProDrive 40S and 80S

following alternatives supported: single-ended drivers, tenninator power, parity, queuing. In addition, the synchronous data ttansfer option is implemented with a minimum of

250 nanoseconds and a maximum

4.2.2

In many cases, the ANSI specification allows more than one option. When more than one option is allowed, and only one option was implemented, the decision as to which option the following:

Confonnance

Hardware

• . All SCSI bus drivers are OR-tied type drivers and do not actively drive any signals to the false

state.

• During arbitration, being driven become true.

• During arbitration phase, DB(P) will

on

Level and Altematlves

confonn

Imple~ntation

the SCSI data bus, it will release its signals without waiting for SEL to

if

the

to

ANSI X3T9.2/82-2 Revision 17B at confonnance level 2 with the

hard

reset, and reservation

ttansfer period

REQI

ACK offset

of

8.

Choices

to

implement was based on

ProDrive

loses arbitration due to a higher priority SCSI

be

undriven.

ID

an

of

bit

this

4.3

4.3.1

The

SCSI bus can support up

ProDrive

Certain

Communication with the mode, using a dermed REQ/ACK handshake protocol.

SCSI bus functions are assigned

SCSI INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS GENERAL DESCRIPTION

to

eight SCSI· devices in any combination

always assume a fixed role as a target.

to

the initiator

•

The

initiator may arbitrate for the SCSI bus and select a particular target.

•

..

11le target may request the transfer

the DATA for the purpose

BUS, and in some cases

of

continuing an operation.

ProDrive

takes place

of

COMMAND, DATA, STATUS,

it

may arbitrate for the SCSI bus and reselect an initiator

on

the SCSI

or

the target:

OAT A BUS

of

initiators and targets.

or

other infonnation on

in asynchronous

SCSllnteriace 4 • 1

The

or

synchronous

Section 4

SCSI

Interface

4.3.2

All signals are low true and use open collector drivers tetminated with 220 ohms to +5 volts (nominal) and 330 ohms to ground at each end to terminate the lines.

NOTE:

Each signal driven by the

Each signal from the host to the

A

50-pin connector is provided at position J 1 for connecting to the standard SCSI bus. The standard SCSI

single-ended non-shielded connection is used. All signals are asserted at the low level. All odd pins are grounded. (An exception is is allowed. Figure 4-1 shows the SCSI connection pins.

SCSI ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

of

the cable. Resistor networks

If

multiple devices will be connected to the SCSI bus, terminators should be removed

the two devices at the cable ends. on the drive.

See Section 2.4

ProDrive has the following output characteristics:

• True (Signal Assertion) = 0.0 to 0.5 Vdc at 48 rnA (max)

• False (Signal Non-Assertion) = 2.5 to 5.25 Vdc

ProDrive must have the following characteristics (measured at the drive):

• True (Signal Assertion) = 0.0 to 0.8 V dc

• False (Signal Non-Assertion) = 2.5 to 5.25 Vdc

Pin 25 which

Ground I

1 2

3 4

5 6

7

9

11

13

15

17 18 19 21

Z3

25

Zl

~

31

33

35

J7

~

41

43

45

if!

49

SCSI

is

not connected.) A maximum cable length

Pins

Signal

-

8

-

10

-

12

-

14

-

16

-

a>

22

24

~

28

:l)

32

34

38

42

44

46

48

~

?6

«>

-

in

sockets are provided on the ProDrive

of

this manual for the location

Data

Bit 0 (DBO)

Data

Bit

1

Data

Bit

2

Data

Bit

3

Data

Bit4 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 6 Data Bit 7 (DB7) Data Bit P (DBP)

Ground Ground Ground

Open

Tenninator Power Ground

Ground

AlN

Ground

BSY

ACK

RST MSG SEL

C/O

REQ

to

of

in

all but

of

terminators

20 ft. (6 meters)

FIGURE 4-1

4 - 2

SCSI

Interface

SCSI

Bus

Pin Assignments

Section 4

SCSI Interface

4.3.2.1

Terminator power

ProDrive supplies tenninator power through a schottky diode and a I-Amp fuse with the following

characteristics:

VTERM

4.3.3

There are a total

signal option is included as a data signal.) Definitions

BUS SIGNALS

= 4.25 VOC to 5.25 VOC

800

milliamps minimum source drive capability when supplying both sets

tenninators

1.0 milliamp maximum sink capability. except for the purposes power

to

an internal tenninator

1.0

Amp

current

of

18

SCSI bus signals. Nine are control signals and nine are used for data. (The parity

li~iting

(fuse)

of

these signals are given below:

of

providing

Control Signals:

BSY

(BUSY) - An "OR-tied" signal that indicates that the bus is being used.

SEL

(SELECT)

initiator.

C/O

(CONTROL/OATA)

OAT

A infonnation is on the

- A signal used by an initiator

- A signal driven by a target that indicates whether CONTROL OAT

A BUS. True indicates CONTROL.

to

select a target or by a target to reselect an

of

or

I/O

(INPUT/OUTPUT)

movement on the DATA

This signal is also used to distinguish between

MSG

(MESSAGE)

REQ

(REQUEST)

handshake.

ACK

(ACKNOWLEDGE)

REQ/ACK data transfer handshake.

TN

(ATTENTION)

A

RST

(RESET)

- An "OR-tied" signal that indicates the RESET condition.

- A signal driven by a target that controls the direction

BUS with respect to an initiator. True indicates input to the initiator.

SELECTION and RES ELECTION phases.

- A signal driven by a target during the MESSAGE phase.

- A signal driven by a target

- A signal driven by an initiator to indicate an acknowledgment for a

- A signal driven by an initiator to indicate the ATTENTION condition.

to

indicate a request for a REQ/ ACK data transfer

Data Signals:

DB(7·0,P)

BUS. OB(7) is the most significant bit and has the highest priority during the ARBITRATION phase. Bit number. significance. and priority decrease downward to one

when the signal value is ·true and zero when the signal value is false.

DB(P) is set to either zero

but

parity generation and checking must be consistent for all SCSI devices on the bus: either all

SCSI devices on the bus must generate and check parity, check parity. Parity is not valid during the ARBITRATION phase

(DATA

BUS)

- Eight data-bit signals. plus a parity-bit signal that

or

one so that data parity is odd. The use

or

all SCSI devices on the bus must not

DB(O). A data bit is defined as

of

parity is a system option.

..

of

data

fonn a DATA

SCSI Interface 4 • 3

Section 4

SCSI Interface

4.3.3.1

Signals may assume true negated is used in this manual, it means that the signal is actively driven false.

Signal Values

or

false values.

If

any driver is asserted, the signal

is

true. Whenever the

4.3.3.2 OR-Tied Signals

The BSY and simultaneously driven true by several drivers. No signals other than simultaneously driven by two tied

or

operational problem in mixing

RST

signals are OR-tied only. During ordinary operation

or

more drivers, and any signal other than BSY and

non-OR-tied drivers. DB(P) shall not be driven false during the ARBITRATION phase. There is no

OR-tied and non-OR-tied drivers

on

of

the bus, these signals are

BSY, RST, and DB(P) are

RST

may employ OR-

signals other than

BSY

and RST.

4.3.3.3 Signal Sources

Table 4-1 indicates which type source is driving asserted, driving negated, must be in the passive state. Note that the

Bus Phase BSY

BUS

FREE ARBITRATION SELECI10N RES

ELECTION COMMAND Target DATA

IN

DATA

OUT STATUS MESSAGE MESSAGE

IN

OUT

of

TABLE

Signal

None All I&T

I&T

Target Target Target Target Target

SCSI device may source each signal. No attempt is made to show

or

is passive. All SCSI device drivers that are not active sources

RST signal may be sourced by any SCSI device

4-1

SEL

None Winner None Initiator Target None None None None None None

SIGNAL

CIO

1/0

MSG

None

None Target Target Target Target Target Target Target

SOURCES

REQ

ACK

ATN

None None Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator Initiator

DB(7-0,P)

None SCSIID Initiator

Target

Target Initiator Target Target

at

any time.

tenn

if

the

Notes/or Table 4-1:

All:

SCSI

I&T:

Initiator: None:

Winner: Target:

4 - 4 SCSI Interface

The

signal is driven by all SCSI devices that are actively arbitrating.

ID:

A unique data bit (the SCSI

the other seven data bits are released (not driven) by this

(DP(P» may be undriven state during the arbitration phase.

The

signal is driven by the initiator, target,

and

RESELECfION

If

this signal is driven, it is driven only by the active initiator.

The

signal must be released, i.e., not be driven by any SCSI device. The bias circuitry

the

bus tenninators pulls the signal to the false state.

The

signal is driven by the SCSI device

If

the signal is driven,

10)

is driven by any SCSI device that is actively arbitrating;

SCSI device. The parity bit

or

driven to the true state, but must never be driven to the false

or

both, as specified in the SELECTION phase

phase.

that

wins arbitration.

it

is driven only by the active target.

of

•

Section 4

SCSI Interface

4.3.4

Unless otherwise indicated, the delay-time measurements are at the drive's own SCSI bus connection. Thus, these measurements, except cable skew delay, can be made without considering delays in the cable.

ARBITRATION DELAY (2.4

wait from asserting has been won. There is no maximum time.

ASSERTION PERIOD (90

REQ during synchronous data transfers. Also, the minimum time an initiator will assert ACK during synchronous transfers.

BUS CLEAR DEL A Y (800

driving all bus signals after:

NOTE: For the first condition above, the maximum time for an SCSI device to clear the bus is

SCSI BUS TIMING

microseconds)

BSY

for arbitration until the DATA BUS can be examined to see if arbitration

nanoseconds)

1)

The BUS FREE phase is detected

2)

SEL is received from another SCSI device during the ARBITRA

3) The transition

1200 nanoseconds from both

more than a

clear delay

of

RST to true.

bus settle delay to detect BUS FREE phase, it must clear the bus within a bus

minus the excess time.

(BSY

BSY

and SEL first becoming false.

- The minimum time an SCSI device must

- The minimum time ProDrive will assert

- The maximum time for an SCSI device to stop

and SEL both false for a bus settle delay)

nON

phase

If

an SCSI device requires

BUS

FREE

from its detection assertion

BUS SET DELAY (1.8

assert

BSY

both false for a bus settle delay) for the purpose

BUS SETTLE DELAY (400

changing certain control signals as called out in the protocol definitions.

CABLE SKEW DELAY (10 nanoseconds) - The maximum difference

allowed between any two

DAT A RELEASE DELAY (400

must release the DATA

DELAY (800

of

the BUS FREE phase

of

BSY

when going to the ARBITRATION delay.

and its SCSI ID bit on the DATA BUS after it detects BUS FREE phase

nanoseconds)

microseconds)

nanoseconds)

SCSI bus signals when measured between any two SCSI devices.

nanoseconds)

BUS signals following the transition

- The minimum time that an SCSI device must wait

(BSY

and SEL both false for a bus settle delay) until its

- The maximum time before an SCSI device must

of

entering the ARBITRATION phase.

- The time to wait for the bus to settle after

in

- The maximum time before an initiator of

the

110

signal from false to true.

propagation time

DESKEW DELAY (45 nanoseconds) - The minimum time required for deskew

signals.

HOLD

between the assertion initiator

NEGATION PERIOD (90

time the

TIME

or

(45 nanoseconds) - During synchronous data transfers, the minimum time added

of

REQ

or

ACK

target, respectively.

and the changing

nanoseconds)

- During synchronous data transfers, the minimum

of

the data lines to provide hold time in the

ProDrive will negate REQ, and the minimum time an initiator will negate ACK.

(BSY

of

certain

and SEL

RESET HOLD TIME (25

There is no maximum time.

microseconds)

- The minimum time for which RST is asserted.

SCSI Interface 4 - 5

Section 4

SCSI Interface

SELECTION initiator) may take from its most recent detection

BSY response. This timeout is required to ensure that a target (or initiator) does not assert BSY

after a SELECTION (or

ABORT

TIME

RES

(200

microseconds)

of

- The maximum time a target (or

being selected (or reselected) until asserting a

ELECTION) phase has been aborted. This

is

not the selection timeout

period.

SELECTION initiator (or target) should wait for a

TIMEOUT

DELAY

(250 milliseconds) - The minimum time that an

BSY response during the SELECTION (or RESELECTION)

phase before starting the timeout procedure.

Figure

4-2 provides an SCSI bus timing diagram.

• 6 SCSI Interface

4

Note:

-RST

and

-A

TN

are

shown

de-asserted

(high)

Note:

(Ack,nowleage)

-ACK

'(Attention)

-ATN

(Message)

-MSG

(Reset)

-AST

(Data b

it)

DB

(7-0.

P)

Section 4

SCSI Interface

BUS

SET

DELAY

Maximum

time

for

an

SCSI

device

to

assert

BSY

ana

its

SCSI

ID

bit

on

the

data

bits

after

it

aetects

Bus

Free Phase

BUS

FREE

DELAY

Minimum

time

that

an

SCSI

device

shall

wait

from

its

detection

of

Bus

Free Phase

until

its

assertion

of

BSY,

BUS

CLEAR

DELAY

Maximum

time

for

an

SCSI

device

to

stop

driving

all

bus

signals

after

Bus

Free

Phase

is

detected

or

SEL

recieved

from

an

SCSI

aevice

during

arbitration.

,

ARBITRATION DELAY

i

BUS

SETTLE

~~2

deskew

delays

,---<_...,....-----'-

______

+'

~I

" I

Target

asserts

BSY

,

",

,----'

'---

Bus

Settle

Delay

,

",

" ,

, , "

-BSY

,.....----------r-1"',

l--~ystems

with ,

i 1

no

arbi

trati°rn_J-+-

___________________

~-------__i_I----------~~~<~----.,.......-_!_----~~---------t--------l----------.J---!-----l--------

-SEL

,-

,'7

~tart

here

( "

,i

I

, , ,

~)

---T-----.....JI.......-----------'---!-l-,-T-,--I-------l----.\'

'V

" r Write

pi?iPheral

device

,

, '

'1-,

-+-------------------r

, ...L

__

'

I I

Read

periPheral!Device-~-

------t-------!

---r----~----------~_7~----~----~--_+~

r--~--_+~

r--t------;.------

-C/O

r--+-------I--------

-1/0

r+--_+-----+-------

-h~G

)---t-----I.------.,-

-ACK

---+--~~----------4~_+---r------_+---I.-+------------------~---------T_----------(~---------T---I.Tr-------f------+---------~--_r-----7-------

ATN

,.......-+-------j--------MSG

---r-----+------------T-T-r---~------_T--_T_r--------------------~----------~----------~~~----~~~----r.+---------t------~;---------;_~r_----~-------RST

---+~~~~--~----~~~~~~_=~~~~--_;----'r.~~r------~~~--_r----------~~https://manualmachine.com/https://manualmachine.com/--~~

r.~~'r~~--_;'r~~'r--~--------T_~~~~_T--_r------~------~B(7-0.PI

/

),

,

InitIator

JO

, Target

JO

, " ALI

(,

,i

_____

_

/

,

I

't' t t·"

First

-- k

,

'

rst

data'

Last

data

,\',

" ,

"us

l'S

\,

,

nl

la

or

rles , Initiator

has

bUS, , 1st

data

r

~

Status

byte',

, "

//

~~~s~AEE:

to

get

bus,

, and

selects

Target, , COMMAND

read,

(write

peripheral)

(write

periPheralr,

Target

\'

,

,released

\

~Most

significant

bit

//

/ ' , ,

BYTE

peripheral,

Target

"requests"

data

,

"requests",

'Target

"requests"'

, \

DB

(7)

-Highest

priority

10

for

arbitratton//

" , ,

transfer

with

initiator

)

initiator

to , 'initiator

to

take'

, ,

(/

,

"Target

"requests",

"

take

status'

' message , ,

\\

r / , "

command

from'

" , ,

,/

, "

initiator.'

:",

, :

,

~~~

:~~

, , , " ,

""

, ...J

,

both

false

c:=::::=

ARBITRATION

-"I

c==

SELECTION

3 t===

COMMAND

PHASE

===~

:

DATA

PHASE

i r

STATUS

PHASE

=:J

E

=~~~~GE

3

r--

~~~E

=--1

,

for

at

least ~ PHASE

~

PHASE

---\

, , , ~ (Ending

Status)=={

r--

---1

~

PHASE

___

-I

:

~~~t~~S

r--

Implementation

of

, During

this

phase

the\

\.-

The

Target

asserts

~

DATA

IN

PHASE:

R.ad

Peripheral.

' ~ Target

,I-Target

,

I--

Target

t

, Delay

,thiS

phasee

is

a , I/O

signal

is

"C/O

and

deasserts

I/O'

:'

requests

that

a,

'requests

"deasserts

BSY

,

,system

option.

,deasserted

to

\,

and

MSG

for

all

of

the

',

__

Data

is

to

be

sent

from Target

to " status

byte

be,

'message

, ,

to

indicate

that\

I'

,

distinguish

this

phase

),

handshakes

of

this

phase.

I

Initiator

"

sent

to

the , ,byte

(s)

to

be , ,

the

bus

is

,

I

r--

At

least

one

Bus , pfrhoamsethe

Reselection

'"

,Initiator

,

,sent

from

"available

for

,

,Free

Delay

but

no

,

I--

L,

Target

asserts

1/0.

deasserts

C/O

and,' , "

Target

to

"SUbsequent

,

more

than

~ne

Bus , NON-ARBITRATING

,

The

transfer

is

from ,

Target

asserts,

,Ini

tiator.

"users.

,

"

Set

Delay

after

Bus

SYSTEMS:

In systems "

ini

tiator

to

Target

,

MSG

during

the

REG/ACK

handshake

of " C/O

and

I/O

" ,

Free

Phase

has

'

·th

th

b't

t'

" ,

this

phase.

, d

deas

rts

T t ,

r'

-Inl'tl'ator

release

l

, been

detected.

The

,

~~ase

n~tAr

1

ra

10n " r

=~G duri~;

, r-

arget

asser

s r

,

I t

,

I--

HANDSHAKE

~

HANDSHAKE

PROCED"RE.·

" , "

C/O.

I/O, and , ,

aWl}.

tlhb"

UnSaSBigunsalS

,

nitia

or

asserts

BSY

implemented

after

I

,L,

the

handshake,

,MSG

during ,

,

and

its

own

SCSI , detecting

the

Bus

Free " PROCEDURE:

, "

Of

this

Phase"

,the

REQ/ACK

':

Clear

Delay ,

,

device

10

bit

on

the'

Phase

the

Initiator

,I--

The

Target

asserts

~

The

Target

first

drives

data

17-0.P) , , " handshake

(s)

, ,

after

BSY

,

data

bus

'waits a minimum

of

"

REG.

The

Initiator

I

to

their

desired

values

walts

at

, ,

of

this

phase.

t becomes ,

L--

The

Initiator

waits

, one

Bus

Clear

Delay. "

drives

data

(7-0.P)

to

,

least

one deskew

delay

plus a cable

" Only one

byte',

,

'continuously

,

an

Arbitration

Delay'

Then

it

asserts

the

data"

tMt

d~s:redt

values.

, skew

delay

then

asserts

REG

Data

,'of

status

is

, r

The

message

,I

false

for a BUS

,

, then

examines

the

, bus with

both

the

,,;a,/

ad

leas

lone I

17-0.P)shall

remain

valid

until

ACK

,'transferred.

,

,byte

could

"settle

Delay ,

,

data

bus.

If

a

higher I desired

initiator

IO

bit"

es

ew

e

a~

~

us a I

is

true

at

the

Target.

, ,

',indicate,

' ,

priority

SCSI

device'

and

the

Tar:get's

10

bit."

~~~;~t~k!~K.;h:Y

and L

I"

,COMMAND

1

r'

_

The

following

"

10

bit

is

true

on

the,

After

two

deskew

'!

'Inlt

iator

continues

to

r See

handshake,

,COMPLeTE (00). ,

data

bus

(OB7

is

the,

delays

the

Initiator

(',

drive

data

(7-0.P)

until

,he

Initiator

shall

reM

data

(7-0.p)

,procedure

" , ' phase

will

be ,

highest)

the

initiator, , asserts

SEL.

~

)

'I

after

REQ

is

true

then

asserts

ACK',

under Data

in

,

~nhaAsreblitfration

,

loses

arbitration

and , " ,

REG

is

false.

phase , , , r

releases

BSY.

11

no :

I'

ARBITRATION

SYSTEMS:

) , L

When

ACK

becomes

true

at

the

Target

, ,L See handshake : '

~m~!~~e~~ed.

or

:

higher

priority

SCSI

, , In systems

with

Arbitration' L Wh n ACK s true

at

I,

the

Target

may

change

or

!'elease

data'

procedure

"p~ase

I ,

device

ID

bit

is

true

,Phase

implemented , , e , (7-0.P) and

deassert

REG'

under Data

in

on

the

data

bus ,

the

in i tiator

that

won

"the

Target

the

Target

,

then

the

ini

tiator

"arbitration

has

both

"reads

the

data

(7-0,

P),

:

phase.

wins

arbitration

and , ,

BSY

and

SEL

asserted

'I

then

deasserts

REG.

f--

A

fter

REG

is

false

the

Ini

tiator

,

asserts

SEL.

, :

~~~

~~~~~e~w~h:u~ata

, I ,

deasserts

ACK.

After

ACK

is

false

the

r--

Bus

devices

having

',settle

Delays.

The

' L

When

REG

becomes I

Target

may

continue

the

transfer

by

,

lost

arbitration

Shall', , data

bus

is

then "

false

at

the

Initiator

,

driving

data

(7-G,P) and

asserting

,

release

BSY

and

"asserted

with both

the

"the

Initiator

may

,

REG.

,

their

own

SCSI , initiator

ID

bit

and

the

" change

or

pelease

data

,

deviceIDbitwithin',

desired

Target's

IObiL

,I

(7-0.P)

anddeassertACK.

,

a

Bus

Settle

Delay

',T

.. O deskew

delays

, ,

f--

OA,A

au'

PHASE:

Write

Peripheral.

,

after

Sel

becomes

',later

BSY

is

released,

, , ,

~

~~e

~nitiator

that

!

~

IN

ALL

SYSTEMS:

THE

: ~ The

Target

continues

:-

~~~~ei~

to

be

sent

from

Initiator

to

, wins

arbitration

,'Target

determines

that ' requesting

command

,

wal'ts

at

least a Bus

, '

",

bytes.

The

number of L

,arget

deasserts

C/O.

I/O. and

MSG

it

is

selected

when

,bytes

depends

on

the

,

during

the

REG/ACK

handshake of

this

,

Clear

Delay

plus

,'SEL

and

its

SCSI

"

command

group code , phase. Refer

to

the

handsha~e

, a

Bus

Settle

Delay

,'device

ID

bit

are

true

,'detected

from

the

first

! procedure of

the

Command

Phase.

,

after

asserting

Se

I , ' and

BSY

and I/O

are

,'command

byte

recieved.

before

changing

any

, i

false

for

at

least a Bus

,!

signals

on

the

b"s,

,Settle

Delay.

The

,

Target then

asserts

,

BSY

within a Selection

'

i Abort Time. :

I--

Two

deskew

delays

,

after

the

initiator

,

detects

BSY

true

it

I

re

leases

SEL

and

may

,

!

change

data

bus

signals.

!

Note: DB

(P)

- Data

pa!'lty

(odd)

Parity

is

not

valid

dur ing

arbitration.

SCSI Interface

4-7

FIGURE

4-2

SCSI

Bus

Timing

Diagram

Section 4 SCSI Interface

(This page intentionally left blank.)

4-8 SCSI Interface

SCSI PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES

5.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

SECTION 5

This section explains the functional operation and 80S disk drives. Details on DisCache, track fonnat, and defect management can this manual in Appendices

5.2

The SCSI architecture includes eight distinct phases:

The

SCSI bus can never

following descriptions, signals that are not mentioned are not asserted.

5.2.1

The

BUS available for subsequent users. both false for at least a bus bus clear delay after more than a bus settle delay to detect the bus clear delay minus the excess time to detect the

must not exceed a bus settle delay plus a bus clear delay.

SCSI BUS PHASES

BUS FREE phase ARBITRATION phase SELECTION phase RESELECTION phase COMMAND phase \

DATA phase \

STATUS phase /

MESSAGE phase /

BUS FREE PHASE

FREE phase is used to indicate that no SCSI device

A,

B, and C, respectively.

be

in more than one phase at any given time. Unless otherwise noted in the

SCSI devices must detect the BUS FREE phase after SEL and

settle delay. All SCSI bus signals must

BSY

and SEL become continuously false for a bus settle delay.

of

the SCSI commands implemented on the ProDrive 40S

These phases are collectively termed the

information transfer phases.

is

actively using the SCSI bus and that it is

be

released by SCSI devices within a

BUS FREE phase, it must release all SCSI bus signals within a

BUS FREE phase. The total time to clear the SCSI bus

be

found at the end

BSY

If

a device requires

of

are

5.2.2

The ARBITRA

of

role

NOTE: Implementation

The procedure the

an initiator

1)

2)

ARBITRATION PHASE

nON

phase allows one SCSI device to gain control

or

target.

of

the ARBITRATION phase is a system option. Systems that do not implement this option can have only one initiator. The ARBITRATION phase is required for systems that use the

ProDrive uses to obtain control

The

ProDrive will first wait for the BUS FREE phase to occur. This phase is detected whenever

BSY and SEL are simultaneously and continuously false for a minimum

both

.~.

It

will then wait at least a bus free delay after detecting the BUS FREE phase (i.e

SEL are both false for a bus settle delay) before driving any signal.

RES ELECTION phase.

of

the SCSI bus so it can assume the

of

the SCSI bus is as follows:

.

SCSI

Programming

of

a bus settle

.•

after BSY and

Guidelines

5·1

Section 5

SCSI

Programming Guidelines

3) Following the bus free delay both

BSY and its own

SCSI

ID)

if

more than a bus set delay has passed since the BUS FREE phase was last observed.

4) After waiting at least an arbitration delay (measured from its assertion will examine the DATA BUS. (DB(7) is the highest), the ProDrive has lost the arbitration and will release its signals and return to

Step

1.

If

no higher priority

the arbitration and will assert

5)

If

the

~roDrive

asserting

NOTE: The

unique Parity is not valid during the ARBITRA DB(P) is undriven by the

5.2.3

The SELECTION phase allows an initiator to select a target (ProDrive) for the purpose target function such as a READ

NOTE: The

5.2.3.1

SELECTION PHASE

110

Non Arbitrating Systems

wins arbitration, it will wait at least a bus clear delay plus a bus settle delay after

SEL

before changing any signals.

SCSI

ID

bit is a single bit on the DATA BUS that correswnds to the SCSI device's

SCSI address. The other seven DATA BUS bits will be released by the ProDrive.

signal

is

undriven to distinguish this phase from the RES ELECTION phase.

in

Step 2, the ProDrive will arbitrate for the SCSI bus by asserting

SCSI

ID; however, it will not start to arbitrate (Le., assert BSY and its

of

BSY) the ProDrive

If

a higher priority

SCSI

ID

SEL.

bit is true on the DATA BUS, the ProDrive has won

SCSI

ID

bit is true on the DATA BUS

nON

phase. During the ARBITRATION phase,

ProDrive.

or

WRITE command.

of

initiating a

If

the ARBITRATION phase is not implemented, the initiator must first detect the BUS FREE phase, then

wait a minimum

employing the single initiator option, the initiator must assert the desired target's

initiator deskew delays, the initiator must assert option.

SCSI ID (and the parity bit if parity checking

of

abus

clear delay. Then. except in certain single initiator environments with initiators

SCSI

10

and its own

is

implemented) on the OAT A BUS. After two

SEL. See Section 5.2.3.4 for a description

of

the single initiator

5.2.3.2 Arbitrating· Systems

If

the ARBITRATION phase is implemented, the device that won the arbitration has both asserted and has delayed at least a bus clear delay plus a bus settle delay before ending the ARBITRA phase. This device becomes an initiator by not asserting environments with initiators employing the single initiator option, the initiator must assert the desired target's B settle delay before looking for a response from the target.

5.2.3.3

In all systems, the ProDrive will determine that it is selected when SEL and its SCSI

BSY and 110 are false for at least a bus settle delay. The ProDrive will examine the DATA BUS in order

to (5.2.3.4). The being selected; this is required for correct operation

ProDrive will not respond to a selection

are on the DATA

SCSI ID and its own initiator SCSI IO (and the parity bit

US. The initiator must then wait at least two deskew delays and release BSY, then wait at least a bus

All Systems

determine the SCSI

ProDrive will then assert

10

of

the selecting initiator unless the initiator employed the single initiator option

BSY

within a selection abort time

if

bad parity is detected. Also, if more than two SCSI

BUS, the ProDrive will not respond to selection.

110.

Except in certain single initiator

if

parity is implemented) on the OAT A

of

the timeout procedure.

of

its most recent detection

If

parity is implemented, the

BSY

and SEL

10

bit are true and

nON

10

of

bits

At least two deskew delays after the initiator detects DATA

5-2

BUS. The ProDrive will wait for the initiator to release SEL before setting an information phase.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

BSY

is true, it must release SEL and may change the

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.2.3.4

Initiators that do not implement the RESELECTION phase and do not operate in the multiple initiator

environment may set only the target's

SELECTION phase. This makes it impossible for the target to detennine the initiator's SCSI ID.

5.2.3.5

Two selection timeout procedures are specified for clearing the SCSI bus

of

a selection timeout delay and there has been no BSY response from the ProDrive:

1)

2)

5.2.4

The RESELECTION phase allows a target to reconnect to an initiator to continue some operation that was previously started by the initiator but was suspended by the target (i.e., the target disconnected by allowing a

BUS FREE phase to occur before the operation was complete).

Single Initiator Option

SCSI ID bit and not their own SCSI ID bit during the

Selection Timeout procedure

if

the initiator waits a minimum

Optionally, the initiator may assert the RST sigDal. (See Section 5.3.2.)

Optionally, the initiator may continue asserting SEL and release the DATA BUS. initiator has not detected delays, the initiator shall release The ProDrive will only respond to a selection

time

of

its assertion targets connected to the same initiator, wrong target connected to an initiator, or a target connected to no initiator).

BSY

to

be

true after at least a selection abort time plus two deskew

SEL, allowing the SCSI bus to go to the BUS FREE phase.

if

the selection was still valid within a selection

of

BSY. This ensures that an improper selection does not result (two

If

the

RESELECTION PHASE

5.2.4.1

RES ELECTION can only be used in systems that implement the ARBITRATION phase.

Following the ARBITRATION phase, the winning

delayed at least a bus clear delay plus a bus settle delay. The ProDrive becomes a target by asserting the

I/O signal. It will also set the DATA BUS to a value that is the OR SCSI ID bit. The ProDrive will wait at least two deskew delays and release BSY, then will wait at least

a bus settle delay before looking for a response from the initiator.

The initiator will determine that it is reselected when false for at least a bus settle delay. The reselected initiator may examine the DATA

SCSI ID

detection implemented, the initiator must not respond to a not respond to a After the ProDrive detects BSY, it will also assert

SEL. It may then change the 110 signal and the DATA BUS. After the reselected initiator detects SEL

false, it must release BSY. The ProDrive will continue asserting BSY until it is ready to relinquish the SCSI bus.

Reselection

SCSI device has both

SEL, 110, and its

of

the reselecting target. It must then assert BSY within a selection abort time

of

being reselected; this is required for correct operation

RESELECTION

if

more than two SCSI ID bits are on the DATA BUS.

BSY

and wait at least two deskew delays, then release

of

ifbad

BSY

and SEL asserted and has

of

its SCSI ID bit and the initiator's

SCSIID

the timeout procedure.

parity is detected. Also, it should

bit are true and

BSY

is

BUS to determine the

of

its most recent

If

parity is

5.2.4.2 Reselection Timeout procedure

A RESELEC110N timeout procedure is specified for clearing the SCSI bus during a RESELECfION

phase

if

the target waits for a minimum

from the initiator:

of

a selection timeout period and there has been no BSY response

The ProDrive will continue asserting detect

BSY

to be true after at least a selection abort time plus two deskew delays. it will release SEL and

I/O,

allowing the SCSI bus to go

SEL and I/O and will release all DATA BUS signals.

to

the BUS FREE phase. When responding to RESELECTION, the

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

If

it does not

5·3

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

ProDrive will ensure that the RESELECTION was still valid within a selection abort time

of

assertion target or the wrong initiator connected to a target).

5.2.5

The COMMAND. DATA, STATUS. and MESSAGE phases are grouped together as the information transfer phases because they are all used to transfer data

The

C/D.

(See Table 5-1.) The target drives these three signals and, therefore, controls all changes from one phase to another. The initiator cause the

BSY. Otherwise.

INFORMATION TRANSFER PHASES

1/0, and

BUS FREE phase

MSG

an

improper reselection could result (two initiators connected to the same

or

control information via the DATA BUS.

signals are used to distinguish between the different information transfer phases.

can

request a MESSAGE OUT phase by asserting ATN, while the ProDrive can

by

releasing MSG, C/D,

1/0,

and BSY.

of

its

TABLE 5-1 Information Transfer Phases

Signal

MSG

CID

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1

110 Phase Name

0 0

1

1 STATUS Initiator from

1

0

DATA OUT Initiator to DATA IN Initiator from COMMAND

*

Direction

*

MESSAGE OUT

1 1 MESSAGE

IN

Initiator to target

Initiator to Initiator from

of

Transfer

tar~et

Comment

Data phase Data phase

Messa~e

Message phase

phase

Key: 0 = False. 1 = True, * = Reserved for future stanaardization

or

The information transfer phases use one

REQ/ACK handshake allows the transfer

Each

BSY

phases, phases, the

such a manner that these control signals are valid for a

first handshake and remain valid until the negation

5.2.5.1

The ProDrive controls the direction true, information will transferred from the initiator to the

If

110

least one is true at the drive. The initiator should read DB(7 data by asserting O,P)

and will release REQ. After REQ is false, the initiator should negate ACK. Once ACK is false, the

must remain true and SEL must remain false. Additionally, during the infonnation transfer

ProDrive will continuously envelope the REQ/ACK handshake(s) with C/o, 1/0, and MSG in

ASYNCHRONOUS

be transferred from the ProDrive to the initiator. When 1/0 is false. information is

is true (transfer to the initiator). the ProDrive will drive DB(7-0.P) to their desired values, delay at

deskew delay plus a cable skew delay, then assert REQ. DB(7-0,P) will remain valid until

ACK. When ACK becomes true at the ProDrive, the drive may change

ProDrive may continue the transfer by driving

If

1/0

is

false (transfer to 'the target) the ProDrive will request information by asserting REQ. The

OB(7

·O,P)

initiator should drive

delay,

then assert ACK. When ACK becomes true at the ProDrive, the drive will read DB(7-0,P), then

release

musl negate ACK. The target may continue the transfer by asserting REQ, as described above.

REQ. When REQ becomes false at the initiator, the initiator may change

to their desired values, delay at least one deskew delay plus a cable skew

more REQ/ACK handshakes to control the information transfer.

of

one byte

of

information. During the information transfer

bus settle delay before the assertion

ACK at the end

of

the last handshake.

of

TRANSfER

of

information transfer by means

ProDrive.

-O,P)

after REQ is true, then signal its acceptance

D8(7

-O,P)

and asserting REQ, as described above.

of

the

110

signal. When

or

release DB(7-0.P) and

REQ

release DB(7-

1/0

of

the

is

ACK

of

the

5-4

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

5.2.5.2 SYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Synchronous data transfer may and target via the message system. The messages determine the use devices, establishing a REQ/ACK offset and transfer period. See the Synchronous Data Transfer Request message (Section 5.6.2).

The REQI ACK offset specifies the maximum number corresponding ACK pulses are received from the initiator. This establishes a pacing mechanism. number

of

REQ

pulses sent exceeds the number

ProDrive will not assert REQ again until it receives the next ACK pulse. The number

pulses must be equal for the data phase to

ProDrive will assert

The a transfer period from the last transition

of

REQ

transition

The initiator must send one pulse on the

be asserted for at least an assertion period. Before asserting the

a transfer period from the last transition

A

CK

to false.

If

I/O is true, (transfer to the initiator), the ProDrive will first drive DB(7

wait at least one deskew delay plus a cable skew delay, then assert REQ. DB(7-O,P) will be held valid for at

least one deskew delay plus one cable skew delay, plus one hold time after the assertion

to false.

ProDrive will assert REQ for at least an assertion period. It may then release

DB(7-0,P). The initiator must read the value on DB(7-0,P) within one hold time to true. It must then respond with an ACK pulse.

be

used in the data phase only

of

ACK pulses received by the

be

successfully completed.

REQ

for at least an assertion period. Before asserting

of

REQ to true, and a minimum

ACK signal for each REQ signal received. The ACK signal must

of

ACK to true and a negation period from the last transition

of

if

it was previously agreed to by the initiator

REQ

pulses that can be sent by the target before

ACK signal, the initiator must wait at least

of

synchronous mode by the two SCSI

If

the

REQ/

ACK offset, the

of

ACK and

REQ,

it will wait at least

of

a negation period from the last

-O,P)

to the appropriate values,

of

REQ. The

REQ

and change or release

of

the transition

of

REQ

of

REQ

If

110

is false, (transfer to the ProDrive), the initiator must transfer one byte for each REQ pulse received.

After receiving a one deskew delay plus one cable skew delay, then assert deskew delay plus one cable skew delay plus one hold time after the assertion

asserted for a minimum change transition

or

5.2.6

The COMMAND phase allows the target to request command information from the initiator. The

REQ pulse, the initiator must first drive DB(7

of

an assertion period. At that point, the initiator may negate ACK and may

release DB(7

of

ACK to true.

-O,P).

The

ProDrive

will read the value

COMMAND PHASE

ProDrive will assert the C/D signal and negate I/O and MSG during the

phase.

5.2.7

The data phase encompasses both the DATA IN and the DATA OUT phases.

5.2.7.1

The DATA IN phase allows the target to request that data

DATA PHASE

PATA IN PHASE

ProDrive will assert the I/O signal and negate C/D and MSG during the

phase.

5.2.7.2

DATA OUT PHASE

-O,P)

to the appropriate values, delay at least

ACK. DB(7-0,P) must

of

DB(7

be

sent to the initiator from the target. The

be

valid for at least one

of

ACK. ACK must be

-O,P)

within one hold time

REQ/ACK

handshake(s)

of

the

this

The DATA

OUT

phase allows the target to request that data

ProDrive will negate the C/D, I/O, and MSG signals during the

be

sent from the initiator to the target. The

REQ/ACK

SCSI Programming

handshake(s)

Guidelines

of

this phase.

5-5

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.2.8

The STATUS phase allows the target to request that status information be sent from the target to the initiator. The handshake

5.2.9

The message phase refers to both the MESSAGE IN and MESSAGE transferred in either message. Multiple-byte messages must be wholly contained within a single message phase.

5.2.9.1

The MESSAGE IN phase allows the target to request that messages be sent to the initiator from the target.

ProDrive will assert C/D,

The

STATUS PHASE

ProDrive will assert C/D and

of

this phase.

MESSAGE PHASE

of

these phases must be a single-byte message

MESSAGE

IN

I/O,

Phase

I/O

and negate the MSG signal during the REQ/ACK

and MSG during the

or

REQ/ACK

OUT

phases. The first byte

the first byte

handshake(s)

of

a multiple-byte

of

this phase.

5.2.9.2 MESSAGE OUT Phase

The MESSAGE OUT phase allows the target to request that a message be sent from the initiator to the target. The condition created by the initiator.

ProDrive will assert C/D and MSG and negate I/O during the

The phase. It will handshake byte(s)

ProDrive will invoke this phase at its convenience

(See Section 5.3.1 for a description

in

this phase until ATN goes false.

in

response to the ATTENTION

of

the ATTENTION condition.)

REQ/ACK

handshake(s)

of

this

If

the ProDrive receives all the message byte(s) successfully (i.e., no parity errors), it will change to any

information transfer phase other than the

ProDrive may also indicate that it has successfully received the message byte(s) by changing

FREE phase (e.g., ABORT or BUS DEVICE RESET messages).

5.2.10

When

the SCSI bus is between two information transfer phases, the following restrictions apply to the

SCSI bus signals:

1)

2)

3) The A TN and RST signals may change as defined under the descriptions for the ATTENTION

SIGNAL RESTRICTIONS BETWEEN PHASES

The BSY,

The direction from out to in (target to initiator), the ProDrive will delay driving the DATA BUS by at least a must release the signal to true. When switching the DATA BUS direction from in to out (initiator to target), the

ProDrive will release the DATA BUS no later than a deskew delay after negating I/O.

condition (5.3.1) and

SEL,

REQ, and ACK signals must not change.

C/D,

I/O,

MSG, and DATA BUS signals may change. When switching the DATA BUS

data release delay plus a bus settle delay after asserting the

DATA BUS no later than a data release delay after the transition

RESET condition (5.3.2).

MESSAGE OUT phase and transfer at least one byte. The

°to

the BUS

I/o

signal, and the initiator

of

the I/O

5-6

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI

Programming Guidelines

5.3

The SCSI bus has two asychronous conditions: the A These conditions cause a

5.3.1

The A

TIENTION

target may get this message at its convenience by perfonning a

• The initiator creates the A

• The ProDrive may respond with the MESSAGE

The initiator must keep

ATN

the Normally, the initiator negates handshake

5.3.2

The RESET condition is used to immediately clear all SCSI devices from the bus. This condition takes precedence over all other phases and conditions.

REQ for a minimum

other than

SCSI BUS CONDITIONS

SCSI device to perfonn certain actions and can alter the phase sequence.

ATTENTION CONDITION

condition allows an initiator to infonn a target that the initiator has a message ready. The

TIENTION

nON

ARBITRA

signal at any time except while the

of

the MESSAGE OUT phase.

or BUS FREE phases.

A TN asserted

ATN

if

more than one byte is to be transferred. The initiator may negate

while REQ

RESET CONDITION

of

a reset hold time. During the RESET condition, the state

RST

is

not defined.

TIENTION

condition by asserting A TN

OUT

ACK

signal

is

asserted during a MESSAGE

is

true and

SCSI devices create the RESET condition by asserting

condition and the RESET condition.

MESSAGE

phase.

ACK

is false during the last REQI

OUT

phase.

at

any time except during the

of

all SCSI bus signals

OUT

phase.

ACK

NOTE:

When delay

5.4

Phases are used on the SCSI bus in a prescribed sequence. In all systems, the RESET condition can abort any phase and is always followed by the

BUS FREE phase.

The ProD rive will never assert RST, but it will respond to a RST asserted by another SCSI device.

RST is asserted, the ProDrive will release all SCSI bus signals (except RST) within a bus clear

of

the transition

of

RST to true. The BUS FREE phase always follows the RESET condition.

SCSI BUS PHASE SEQUENCES

BUS FREE phase. Also, any other phase can

be

followed by the

5.4.1 NON-ARBITRATING SYSTEMS

In systems which SELECTION phase, then one

or

MESSAGE). See Figure 5-1.

5.4.2

In systems which use the ARBITRA

SELECTION

then

DATA, STATUS,

do

not use the ARBITRATION phase. the BUS FREE phase is followed by the

or

more

of

the information transfer phases (COMMAND, DATA, STATUS,

ARBITRATING SYSTEMS

nON

phase, the BUS FREE phase is followed by ARBITRATION,

or

RESELECTION, then one

or

MESSAGE). See Figure 5-2.

or

more

of

the information transfer phases (COMMAND,

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5·7

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.4.3

There are no restrictions followed by the same phase type; for example, a data phase may

ALL

SYSTEMS

on

the sequences

of

infonnation transfer phases. A phase type may even be

FIGURE 5-1 Phase Sequences without Arbitration

be

followed by another data phase.

ESET

COMMAND

DATA STATUS

WESSAGE

CONDITION

Figure 5-2 Phase Sequences With Arbitration

or

PHASE

5·8

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.5

Consider the system shown execute a command.

Function

Origin

SCSI POINTERS

in

Figure 5-3 in which an initiator and target communicate on the SCSI bus to

Initiator Path Path Control

SCSI Bus

Target Control

Function Execution

Initiator Target

FIGURE

The SCSI architecture provides for two sets the initiator path control. The first set used

to

represent the state transferred between the initiator's memory and the target. There initiator. The current pointers are used by the target currently connected to the initiator.

The second set is

currently active (whether the start pointer always points to the start command, the saved data pointer points to the start sends a SA stores the value pointers to initiator moves the saved value disconnects from the SCSI bus, only the saved pointer values are retained. The current pointer values are restored from the saved values upon the next reconnection.

of

pointers are the saved pointers. There is one set

of

the command descriptor block for the current command. (See Section 5.7.1.) The saved status

VE DATA POINTER message (5.6.2) to the initiator. In response to this message, the initiator

of

the current data pointer into the saved data pointer. The target may restore the current

their saved values by sending a RESTORE POINTERS message (5.6.2) to the initiator. The

of

the interface and point to the next command, data,

or

not it is currently connected). The saved command pointer always points to

of

5-3 Simplified

of

three pointers within each initiator. The pointers reside in

of

pointers are the current (or active) pointers. These pointers are

of

the status area for the current command. At the beginning

of

the data area.

each pointer into the corresponding current pointer. Whenever a device

SCSI

is

System

or

status byte to be

only one set

of

saved pointers for each command that

It

remains at this value until the target

of

current pointers in each

of

each

NOTE:

5.6

The message system allows communication between an initiator and target for the purpose path management.

5.6.1

The COMMAND COMPLETE message. This is the only message an initiator communicating with the

ProDrive is required to implement.

(non-extended) messages defined in the ANSI SCSI Specification. The message other than messages. The initiator does this in the condition

MESSAGE REJECT message

If

the ProDrive detects the A

OUT

On a READ, POINTER message is not issued. Similarly, on a WRITE, have been transferred, the SA VE DATA POINTER message is not issued.

if

the ProDrive disconnects before any data is transferred, the SA VE DATA

if

the drive disconnects after all data

MESSAGE SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

of

physical data

MESSAGE PROTOCOL

ProDrive requires ariy SCSI device it communicates with to be able to receive and understand the

To

maximize flexibility, the ProD rive also supports all single byte

ProDrive will not send any

COMMAND COMPLETE until

SELECfION

of

SEL

true and

phase and take a message byte from the initiator. The ProDrive expects an IDENTIFY message at

BSY

false. This informs the ProDrive that the initiator can at least generate a

if

it does not understand a message from the ProDrive.

TN

signal asserted during SELECTION phase, it will enter MESSAGE

it

is informed by the initiator that it can support other

phase by asserting A

SCSI

TN

prior to the SCSI bus

Programming

Guidelines

5·

9

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

this time. The NO OPERATION. BUS DEVICE RESET and

other

properly here. All

The IDENTIFY message the initiator sends to the supports disconnect/reconnect. it should set bit 6 in the IDENTIFY message. bit 6 is set. the be set unless the initiator can support receiving the messages. Upon receipt and begin requesting command bytes from the initiator.

The

ProDrive supports the messages shown in Table 5-2:

ProDrive will not attempt to disconnect at any point during a command. Bit 6 should not

TABLE

Code

<X\i

OIH

02H 03H 04

H

~

07H 08

H

00..

OAH OBH OCH

8~-FFH

messages will be rejected with a MESSAGE REJECT message.

ProDrive should specify LUN=O.

SA

VE

of

a legitimate IDENTIFY message, the ProDrive will enter

5-2 Message Codes Supported

Description

COMMAND COMPLETE

EXTENDED MESSAGE - SYNCHRONOUS

DATA TRANSFER REQUEST In

SAVE DATA POINTER

RESTORE POINTERS DISCONNECT INITIATOR DETECTED ERROR Out

ABORT

MESSAGE REJECT

NO

OPERA

nON

MESSAGE PARITY ERROR Out LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE (WITH FLAG) BUS DEVICE RESET IDENTIFY

ABORT

DATA

messages will also function

POINTER. and DISCONNECT

By

Direction Supported

In

In In In

In

In In

In

If

the initiator

(See Section 5.6.2.) Unless

COMMAND

phase

ProDrive

Out

Out Out Out

Out Out

KEY:

In

=

Out =

5.6.2

The

single byte messages supported by the ProDrive (Table 5-2) are listed below along with their code

values

and

COMMAND

that the execution

has

the

NOTE: The completion status

EXTENDED MESSAGE

message and responses establish the transfer period and the

5-10

MESSAGES

definitions.

COMPLETE

of

been

sent

to

the initiator. After successfully sending this message, the ProDrive

BUS

FREE phase by releasing BSY. This message must be supported by any initiator selecting

ProDrive.

SCSI

Programming

OOH -This

a command (or series

01H • This

message is sent from the ProDrive to an initiator to indicate

of

the command is indicated in the status byte.

message is sent to establish synchronous

Guidelines

of

linked commands) has terminated and that valid status

will

data

transfer.

REQI

ACK offset.

go

The

into

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

SYNCHRONOUS

Byte

0

1 2 3 m 4 x REQ/ACK

The transfer period is the clock rate for the transfer. The minimum transfer period for the ProDrive

is 250 ns

Table 5-3 shows the transfer rates supported and the transfer period values for the

The REQ/ ACK offset is the maximum number corresponding asynchronous mode. For the

If

DATA TRANSFER REQUEST message indicating a REQ/ACK offset and minimum transfer

period. The REQ/ ACK offset is chosen to prevent initiator buffer overflows, while the minimum transfer period is chosen to meet the initiator's data handling requirements. The in one

or

62 (3EH). This value is equivalent to a maximum transfer rate

the initiator recognizes that negotiation is required, it asserts ATN, sends a SYNCHRONOUS

of

the following ways:

ProDrive

DATA

Value

01h 03h 01h SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER REQUEST code

TRANSFER

Description

Extended Message Extended

Transfer

Mes~e

Period (m times 4 nanoseconds)

Offset

REQUEST:

Len~th

of

4.0 MBytes/second.

ProDrive.

of

REQ

pulses that may be sent before a

ACK

pulse is received at the ProDrive. A REQ/ACK offset value

ProDrive, the maximum value

of

REQ/ACK offset is 8.

of

ProDrive responds

Response

Implied Agreement

zero indicates

1)

REQ/ACK offset less than or equal to the requested value; minimum transfer period equal

to

or greater than requested

period.

2)

REQ/ACK offset equal

3)

MESSAGE REJECT.

TABLE

TRANSFER PERIOD VALUE

5-3 Transfer Rates Supported/Transfer Period Values

DEC HEX

0-62

63 - 93

94 - 125 126 - 156 157 - 187 188

- 218

219 -

250

251

- 255

3FH - 5DH 5EH 7EH - 9CH

9~-BBH

BCH DBH

FBH - FFH

00

to

zero.

- 3EH

-7DH

-DAH

-FAH

REQ/ ACK offset equal to ProDrive value; minimum transfer period equal to the

ProDrive value.

Asynchronous transfer.

TRANSFER RATE IN MHZ

4.00

2.67

2.00

1.60

1.33

1.14

1.00

0.89

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5·

t 1

Section 5

If

the ProDrive recognizes that negotiation is required, it sends a SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER

REQUEST

overflows, while the minimum transfer period

requirements.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

message to the initiator. The REQ/ACK offset is selected to prevent buffer and offset counter

is

chosen to meet the ProDrive's data handling

The implied agreement will remain in effect until a

"hard" RESET condition occurs,

Renegotiation at every selection is not

of

The default mode RESET message, or after a "hard" RESET condition. The SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER REQUEST IDs for both the initiator and ProDrive. Violation to disagreements among devices about the data transfer mode.

SA

VE

message exchange can only take place following a SELECTION phase that includes the SCSI

DATA POINTER

save a copy pointers.) This message in the DATA phase.

data transfer

of

the present active data pointer for the drive. (See Section 5.4 for a definition

or

until one

rec~mmended,

is

asynchronous. This mode

028

- This message is sent from the

is

usually sent just prior to the DISCONNECT message when disconnecting

BUS DEVICE RESET message is received, until a

of

the two devices elects to modify the agreement.

since a significant performance impact is likely.

is

entered at power on, after a BUS DEVICE

of

this rule may make data transfer impossible owing

ProDrive

to direct the initiator to

of

DISCONNECT 04H - This message is sent from the ProDrive to inform an initiator that the present

physical data path is going to that a later reconnect will BUS FREE phase (other than as a result RESET condition) without first receiving a DISCONNECT should consider it a catastrophic error condition. The initiator should not save the data pointer as a

result

of

this message.

INITIA TOR DETECTED ERROR

ProDrive that an error (e.g., parity error on the SCSI bus) has occurred that does not preclude a retry

of

the operation. The ProDrive will terminate the command with a CHECK CONDITION status.

The sense key will

be set to ABORTED COMMAND with a sense code

be broken (the ProDrive plans to disconnect by releasing BSY), but

be required to complete the current operation.

of

an ABORT or BUS DEVICE RESET message

or

COMMAND COMPLETE message, it

OSU

- This message is sent from an initiator to inform the

If

the initiator detects the

of

Initiator Detected Error.

or

a

ABORT

MESSAGE REJECT

NO OPERATION

068

- This message is sent from the initiator to the ProDrive to clear the present operation.

All pending data and status for the issuing initiator will BUS FREE phase. Pending data and status for other initiators will not be cleared. No status ending message will be sent for the operation.

078

- This message will be sent by the

message received from that initiator was inappropriate

will

be interpreted in the same way if it

To

indicate its intentions

of

its release

ProDrive sends this message, it will change to MESSAGE IN phase and send the message prior to

requesting additional message bytes from the initiator. This provides an interlock so that the initiator can detennine which message is rejected. The initiator must support this message during the initial SELECTION phase

ACK for the

088

request for a message, when the initiator currently has no other valid message to send. No action

will

be taken by the ProDrive upon receipt

of

sending this message, the initiator must assert the A TN signal prior to

REQ/ACK

- This message is sent from an initiator in response to the ProDrive 's

is

received from an initiator.

handshake

of

the command.

of

this message.

be cleared, and the ProDrive will go to the

ProDrive

or

has not been implemented. This message

of

the message that is to be rejected. When the

to an initiator

if

it asserts A TN

or

the last

5-12

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

MESSAGE PARITY ERROR

indicate that one or more bytes in the last message it received had a parity error.

To indicate its intent to send this message, the initiator must assert the REQ/ACK handshake

ProDrive can determine which message has the parity error.

LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE

to indicate that the execution initiator must then set the pointers to the initial state for the next linked command. Refer also to Sections 5.7.1.8 and 5.7.1.9.

LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE (WITH FLAG)

COMMAND

also to Sections 5.7.1.8 and 5.7.1.9. .

BUS DEVICE RESET

all current commands. This message forces the drive to an initial state with no operations pending for any initiator. This message does not affect MODE

COMPLETE message is used when the flag bit

OCH

Upon recognizing this message, the ProDrive will go to the BUS FREE phase.

098

- This message is sent from the initiator to the ProDrive

ATN

prior to releasing ACK for

of

the message that has the parity error. This provides an interlock so the

OAH

- This message

of

a linked command has been completed and status has been sent. The

is

sent from the ProDrive to an initiator

OBH

- This version

of

the command is set to one. Refer

of

the LINKED

- This message is sent from an initiator to direct the ProDrive to clear

SELECT command parameters.

IDENTIFY 80H - FFH - These messages may be either sent from or received by the ProDrive

establish the physical path connection between an initiator and the drive.

Bit 7 - This bit is always set to one to distinguish an IDENTIFY message from the other messages.

to

Bit 6 - This bit is set to one only by the initiator. When set to one, it indicates that the initiator has

the ability to accommodate disconnection and reconnection.

POINTER, RESTORE POINTERS and DISCONNECT messages are supported by the initiator.

Bits 5-3 - Reserved; must

Bits

2-0 - These bits specify a logical unit number (LUN)

LUN is zero.

valid

When an IDENTIFY message

implied RESTORE POINTERS message must

this message.

5.6.3

5.6.3.1

Parity is an SCSI option. This section is relevant only

If

the initiator detects a parity violation as the ProDrive transfers a message byte to it, it should ignore

that message and immediately assert should continue receiving and ignoring bytes until the that point, the initiator should send a MESSAGE command and release the bus. The sense key will

code set to

MESSAGE

parity

Parity error on the SCSI bus (47H).

ErrQrs

be

set to zero.

is

sent from the ProDrive

be performed by the initiator prior to completion

ERROR

RECOVERY

During Message phase

if

the parity option is enabled.

ATN

(before releasing ACK on the offending byte). The initiator

ProDrive requests a MESSAGE OUT byte. At

PARITY ERROR message; the ProDrive will abort the

be

set to ABORTED COMMAND

It also indicates that the SAVE DATA

in

a target. For the ProDrive, the only

to

an initiator during reconnection, an

STRATEGY

(OBH)

and the sense

of

If

the ProDrive detects a parity error during a MESSAGE OUT phase, it will continue to request

MESSAGE initiator transfers the entire message containing the parity error. The current command will be terminated,

OUT

bytes until the initiator deasserts ATN. This procedure should guarantee that the

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-13

Section 5

the status set to CHECK CONDITION, the sense key set to ABORTED COMMAND (OBH)' and the sense

code set to Parity error on the

SCSI Programming Guidelines

SCSI bus (47H).

5.6.3.2

The ProDrive will send MESSAGE REJECT to the initiator any time it receives a message it does not support (e.g., extended messages) sending

When the ProDrive receives MESSAGE REJECT from the initiator, it takes action based on which command was rejected.

COMMAND

error.

DISCONNECT - The ProDrive will stop trying to disconnect at this time.

disconnect again at a later time.

IDENTIFY - The ProDrive only sends this when it

rejected during reconnection, the present command will CONDITION status, set the sense key to ABORTED COMMAND (OBH)' and set the sense code to

Message reject error (43H). The

LINKED COMMAND

The sense key will

error

LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE WITH FLAG - Same procedure as for

COMMAND COMPLETE.

Rejected Messages

or

COMMAND COMPLETE).

COMPLETE

be

set to ABORTED COMMAND

(43H)'

a message that does not make sense at that time (e.g., the initiator

- The ProDrive goes to BUS FREE. This is not considered an

It

may attempt to

is

attempting to reconnect.

be terminated. The drive will post a CHECK

If

this message is

ProDrive will then go immediately to BUS FREE.

- The ProDrive will go immediately to BUS FREE.

(OBH)

and the sense code set to Message reject

LIN~ED

MESSAGE

CHECK sense code set to Message reject error

REJECT

CONDITION status. The sense key will

- The ProDrive will immediately terminate the current command with a

(43H)'

be

set to ABORTED COMMAND

(OBH)

and the

SAVE DATA POINTERS - Same procedure as for DISCONNECT message.

5.7

This section defines the SCSI commands supported by the ProDrive 4OS/80S intelligent Disk Drives. Each command consists ARBITRATION, COMMAND phase and request the command bytes. The opcode bytes the

if

phase

or

more logical blocks

one

SCSI devices while

other

Upon completion initiator. byte, the CHECK may issue a

The following subsections on each command describe the sequence

COMMAND IMPLEMENTATION

of

a group

SELECTION, and any optional initial messages, the ProDrive will enter the

ProDrive will request. After receipt

a data structure is defined for the command. The data structure in a single command may transfer

it

of

a command (successful

Since most error and exception conditions cannot adequately be described with a single status

CONDITION status code indicates that additional information

REQUEST SENSE command to retrieve this additional information.

of

command bytes and an optional associated group

of

the command determines how many

of

the command bytes, the ProDrive will enter DATA

of

data. The ProDrive may disconnect from the SCSI bus to allow activity by

is preparing to transfer data.

or

unsuccessful), the ProDrive will return a status byte to the

of

bytes an initiator must transfer

of

data bytes. After

is

available. The initiator

to

ProDrive during the COMMAND phase to request a desired action from the drive. For those commands

is

for which it

or

from the initiator following the COMMAND phase.

to

relevant, these sections also further describe the format

of

data bytes that may be transferred

the

5-14

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI

Programming Guidelines

5.7.1

A request is made to a device by transferring a Command Descriptor Block (CDB) to that device. The

COMMAND DESCRIPTOR BLOCK (COB)

ProDrive supports two basic command formats: six-byte commands and ten-byte commands. The

of

command format is recognizable from the opcode

00Ji

between defines the CDB fields. The uses

5.11.

5.7.1.1

The opcodes (operation codes) for Groups 0 and 1 are listed in Table

and .IFH; ten-byte commands have opcodes from

of

the CDB fields in particular commands are fully described in Section

Opcode

TABLE

OPCODE

OOJI

01H 03H 04H 07H 08H

OAH

OBH

12H 15H 16H 17H

lAH

IBH IDH 25H 28H

2AH

2BH 2EH 2FH 37H 3BH

3CH

ESH

EAH

5-4 Commands Supported

COMMAND

TEST UNIT READY 5.11.1 REZEROUNIT REQUEST SENSE FORMAT REASSIGN BLOCKS READ 5.11.6 WRITE

SEEK INQUIRY MODE SELECT RESERVE RELEASE MODE SENSE 5.11.13

START/STOP UNIT SEND DIAGNOSTIC 5.11.15 READ CAPACITY READ EXTENDED WRITE EXTENDED 5.11.18 SEEK EXTENDED WRITE AND VERIFY VERIFY READ DEFECT DATA WRITE BUFFER READ BUFFER READ WRITE

LONG

the command. Six-byte commands have opcodes

2DJ1

to 3FH

54.

By

ProDrive

or

EOH

to FFH. This section

SECTION

5.11.2

5.11.3

UNIT

5.11.4

5.11.5

5.11.7

5.11.8

5.11.9

5.11.10

5.11.11

5.11.12

5.11.14

5.11.16

5.11.17

5.11.19

5.11.20

5.11.21

5.11.22

5.11.23

5.11.24

5.11.25

5.11.26

SCSI Programming Guidelines 5

·15

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.7.1.2

The Logical Unit Number for the ProDrive is zero. The LUN of

the Command Descriptor Block and bits 0-2

LUN field in both the COB and IDENTIFY message field must be zero.

specified in any command except INQUIRY and REQUEST SENSE, the command will be rejected with a

CHECK

Logical Unit Number (LUN)

is

found

in

two places: bits 5-7

of

the IDENTIFY message field. (See Section 5.6.2.) The

If

a LUN other than zero

CONDITION status and the sense key set to ILLEGAL REQUEST - Invalid LUN.

of

byte 1

is

5.7.1.3 Logical Block Address (LBA)

The 21-bit (or 32-bit) Logical Block Address signifie.s the first or starting block

1024,

or

Block can be 512, Block Length. Each

5.7.1.4

The transfer length in blocks, or the allocation length in bytes, is the number

be transferred for a single command.

• For six-byte commands, acceptable values are 256 blocks.

• For 10-byte commands, acceptable values are

5.7.1.5

Transfer or Allocation Length

See allocation byte lengths under specific commands.

Vendor UniQue (VU)

2048 bytes

ProDrive is configured with a Logical Block Length

in

length. The MODE SELECT command

OO-FFH'

OOOO-FFFFH'

For block lengths, a value ofOOH transfers

A value

of

an operation. A Logical is

used to configure the

of

512 bytes.

of

blocks or bytes or data to

of

~

transfers no blocks.

Vendor unique bits allow for slight command modifications or special conditions to be selected. Vendor unique bits are to

5.7.1.6

These bits are reserved and must be set to zero by the initiator.

be filled with zeros.

Reserved

(R)

5.7.1.7 Flag (F)

If

the link bit (5.7.1.8) is zero, the flag bit must be zero. Suppose the link bit

zero, the target sends the LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE message when the command terminates;

the flag bit is one, it sends the LINKED COMMAND COMPLETE (WITH FLAG) message.

is

one.

If

the flag bit is

if

5.7.1.8 Link (L)

If

the link bit is one, when the command terminates, the ProDrive sends one

by the flag bit (above). In addition, the

Command

message.

Out phase.

If

the link bit is zero, the ProDrive sends the normal COMMAND COMPLETE

ProDrive does not go to Bus Free, but immediately goes to the

of

the two messages defined

5.7.1.9 Relative Address (BELAQR)

This bit is found only in 10-byte commands (opcodes 20H - 3FH) and is not supported by the ProDrive 40S/80S.

NOTE:

5·16

If

the reserved bits

of

the COB are non-zero, a CHECK CONDITION status ILLEGAL message.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

REQUEST and sense code set to Illegal use

of

the IDENTIFY message or the vendor unique, reserved or relative address bits

is

returned with the sense key set to

of

bit

or

byte in COB

or

IDENTIFY

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.8 COMPLEnON

A status byte will of

eacb command as specified DEVICE RESET message, 5-7 defines the status codes as implemented

be

sent from the ProDrive to the initiator during the STATUS pbase at the tennination

or

STATUS

in

Tables 5-6 and 5-7, unless the command is cleared by an ABORT

by a "bard" RESET condition. Table 5-5 presents the status bytes; Table

TABLE

Bit 7

Byte

0

7

R V V R V V

R R V

R

RESERVED

BIts of

6

v

V

TABLE 5-6

S1atus

4

5

0 0

0 0 V 0 1 V

1

V

1

6

I

VENOOR UNIQUE

ProDri~e

Bvte

3 2

0 0 0

0 0

1 0 0

BYTE

on

the

ProDrive.

5-5 Status Byte

s

4

I

STATUS BYTE CODE

Status Byte Code

1

0

0 V

1 V

0 V 0

V V

3

Status(es)

GOOD

CHECK

BUSY

INTFRMEDlA'IOOOOD

RESERVATION

1

Bit

Values

:-

CONDmON

CONFUCf

1

,.-

1

or

BUS

0

VENDOR

' 1'I\JIt\'I1I=

I

KEY:

R = Reserved Bit (zero)

v = Vendor Unique Bit (zero)

I

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-17

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

TABLE 5-7 ProDrive Status Codes

STATUS

BYTE

CODE

GOOD(OOfI}

INTER MEDIA TEl

GOOD(1~}

CHECK CONDITION (02H)

RESERVATION CONFLICT

(18H)

MEANING

COMMAND HAS COMPLETED WITH NO ERROR CONDITIONS.

LINKED COMMAND HAS COMPLETED WITH NO ERROR CONDITIONS. This code is issued for every command in a series

last, for which the link bit is ,zero) unless CHECK CONDITION RESERV A TION CONFLICT is appropriate.

chain

of

linked commands is broken.

AN

ABNORMAL CONDITION HAS OCCURRED.

This code is issued whenever an error, exception occurred during the execution

have completed successfully). A issued following a CHECK CONDITION status to determine the nature the condition.

TARGET IS BUSY.

This code is issued disconnection has occurred, command. The command that received the is taken; it may

ATTEMPTED ACCESS This code is issued when a device attempts to access a reserved area,

in which case the command will

if

the target is busy executing a previous command, after a

be

reissued as if it were issued for the first time.

of

a command (the command

REQUEST SENSE command should

or

if the target is otherwise unable to accept a

OF

A RESERVED BLOCK,

be

rejected. See RESERVE command.

of

linked commands (except the

or

If

this code is not returned, the

or

abnormal condition

mayor

BUSY status is discarded and no action

OR

may not

be

of

DEVICE.

5.9

5.9.1

The basic functions

ProDrive and retrieved as groups

referred to as logical blocks. The size set via the

2048 bytes per block. The drive is initially configured as 512 bytes per logical block. A unique feature

and of

the ProDrive is that when the default tracks/zone (6) is set. changing the block size will not destroy

on

data

reconfigured as two 512-byte blocks).

size could cause some data to become inaccessible.

To

Logical Block Address (LBA). The first logical block logical block

5-18

the drive; it simply changes the grouping

the user, the ProDrive appears as a series

READING

AND

WRITING

LOGICAL BLOCKS

of

a disk drive are to store and retrieve information. Information is stored on the

of

8-bit bytes. These groups

of

a logical block (the number

MODE SELECT command. The ProDrive will support three logical block sizes: 512, 1024,

of

the information (e.g

If

a tracks/zone setting other than the default is used, changing block

of

logical blocks. each with its own unique address called the

on

the drive varies depending on the capacity

SCSI Programming Guidelines

of

bytes have a standard size and are

of

bytes contained in each block) is

.•

1024-byte blocks would

the drive is address

of

the drive and the size

O.

The address

of

the last

the logical block.

be

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.9.2

LOGICAL

BLOCK

ADDRESS

RANGES

Block Size Valid Logical Block Address Range

Decimal Hex

ProD

rive

40S

ProD

rive

80S

NOTE: The number

per

zone (MODE

If

an initiator attempts to access a logical block at an address outside the valid address range, the command will not be executed. The drive will return a CHECK ILLEGAL REQUEST - Invalid Logical Block Address was specified.

5.9.3

The actual storing away and retrieving WRITE will place data WRITE commands, the user (initiator) must specify the logical block address transferred and the total number number

of

TRANSFERRING

on

blocks to be transferred depends on which form

512 or 200H

10240r4~

2048

or 800H

512

or

200H

10240r~·

2048

or8~

of

available logical blocks may vary depending on the value set for tracks

SELECf

command page 3) selected by the user.

DATA

of

logical blocks is done with the WRITE and READ commands.

the disk and READ will retrieve data from the disk. In both the READ and

of

blocks to be transferred. The interpretation

0-82,028

0-

41,013

0-

20.505

0-

164,057

0-

82,028

0-

41,013

CONDITION status with the sense key set

of

the READ

0-

1406CH

0-

A035H

0-

5019H

0-

280D9H

0-

1406CH

0-

A035H

of

the first logical block to be

of

a value

or

WRITE command is used.

of

zero in the

to

•

If

the extended form

implies transfer no data.

• The non-extended form command format is used (opcodes

blocks during the command.

of

The number transfer length specified in the command and the logical block size:

• Number

Note that in case

The rate at which data is transferred to the disk and how fast the disk is rotating. Neither transfer rate should be regarded as a constant. The outer zone, with two different data rates:

• The transfer rate when the head is over data in the outer zone is 10 Mbit/sec (1.25 Mbyte/sec).

• When the head is over data in the inner zone, the transfer rate is 8 Mbit/sec

If

the transfer rate across the SCSI bus is slower than this sustained disk transfer rate, the drive will run out

of

data

if Other disk drive subsystems might require the user to interleave sectors on the disk to match the sustained disk transfer rate with the SCSI bus transfer rate. This is not necessary with the

includes a large on-board cache (64K bytes). All READ and WRITE transfers are channeled through this

buffer, enabling: the drive to maintain steady transfer when the transfer rate is less than 1.25 Mbyte/second.

bytes transferred during the DATA phase following the command bytes is determined by the

of

Data Bytes = Logical BLock Size (in bytes) x Transfer Length (in blocks).

of

errors, a fewer number

the transfer is a WRITE,

of

the commands is used (opcodes 28H and 2AH), a transfer length

of

the comand has only one byte to specify transfer length.

08H and OAH), a transfer length

of

bytes will sometimes be transferred.

or

from the disk depends solely

of

these quantities can be easily modified, so the disk

of

zero means transfer 256

on

how densely the data is written on

ProDrive has two data zones, an inner zone and an

(1

Mbyte/sec).

or

begin to have data collect in its buffer

if

the transfer is a READ.

ProDrive since it

of

zero

If

this shorter

SCSI Programming Guidelines 5

·19

Section 5

This buffer also serves as an on-board cache (DisCache). The caching function can be enabled/disabled, and various cache parameters can be configured to best fit the applciation via the command. Refer to the section on the MODE SELECT command (5.11.1 detailed discussion

SCSI Programming Guidelines

of

the DisCache feature.

MODE SELECT

O)

and Appendix A for a more

5.10

5.10.1

The

manner requirements. This is referred to as changing the Operating Mode the

MODE Operating Mode used to detennine the current Operating Mode useful in setting the Operating Mode.

An example attempt when it detects a read error. incorrect data, the initiator's software could first issue a determine its current configuration. The data returned to the initiator during the DATA phase SENSE command would contain the current Mode Parameters, including how many retries the drive will attempt when it detects a read error. could then send a Parameter

5.10.2

The

ProDrive Operating Mode is detennined by the contents

need for frequent and fast access to its parameters, the Current Mode Table is stored in RAM. This table is referenced whenever there the initiator will have set the Retry Count in the Current Mode Table to one. Each time a command is executed, the firmware checks the Current Mode Table and looks up the Retry Count Parameter. the data is detected to be incorrect.

CONFIGURING THE

PRODRIVE

in which the ProDrive operates

SELECT

of

set

and

MODE

of

the ProDrive to achieve the desired behavior. The

a common user-adjusted Operating Mode parameter is the number

MODE

to one. From then on, the ProDrive would only retry once

SELECT command with the data byte corresponding to the Retry Count

OPERATING MODES

SENSE commands.

If

an initiator wished to retry only once when the drive detected

If

the number

OPERATING MODE TABLES

is

more than one possible way for the drive to behave. In the previous example,

It

then uses this number to detennine how many times it should attempt to re-read a block

PRODRIVE

can

be changed to more precisely match its features with user

of

the drive,

of

the drive and

The

MODE

or

MODE

retries is not set to the desired number, the initiator

SELECT

MODE

to

gather other infonnation that would be

SENSE command to the ProDrive to

of

the Current Mode Table. Because

is

done through the use

command is used to set the

SENSE command may

of

retries the drive should

of

the

on

READ

commands.

READ

be

MODE

of

the

if

of

Storing the Current Mode Table in removed itself. This saved copy is called the of user inadvertently erase the table. The up Mode Table SELECT the

NOTE:

The

to be pennanently configured to the user's requirements with the execution

command. eliminating the burden from the device driver every reset.

5-20

or

the drive is reset. For this reason, a copy

the disk that is not accessible by the user. This way, no user data storage area is sacrificed, nor can a

or

whenever the drive is reset. The contents

via

the

MODE

command (bit 0

Saved Mode Table when the command is completed.

If

the

MODE be implemented first and then incorporated in the SELECT mode

information will appear in the Saved Mode Table as well as in the Current Mode Table.

Saved

Mode

Table is a very powerful tool for the user. Using the Save Parameters bit allows the drive

This

means that a once-in-a-lifetime configuration can be done (e.g., at the user's factory),

SCSI

Programming

of

SELECT command makes changes to

command contains new mode information and the Save Parameters bit is set, the new

RAM

means that the drive's Operating Mode is lost when

Saved Mode Table. The Saved Mode Table is stored

Saved Mode Table is used to load the Current Mode Table at power-

of

the Current Mode Table can be copied into the Saved

SELECT

byte 1), the entire contents

command.

of

If

the Save Parameters bit is set to one in the

sending vendor specific

Guidelines

of

the Current Mode Table can be saved

on

a hidden area

of

the Current Mode Table will be transferred to

the

Current Mode Table, these changes will

Saved Mode Table. In other words,

of

a single

MODE

SELECT commands after

power

on

MODE

if a MODE

SELECT

is

the disk

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

There are two other Mode Tables supported by the

Chan&eable Parameters Table and the Default Mode Table. Both of these tables are contained in the firmware referenced only by the MODE SENSE command.

5.11

Following are descriptions SENSE command (Section 5.11.3 ) for a description Descriptor Block section (5.7.1) for definitions

5.11.1

The TEST UNIT READY command (Table 5-8) provides a means to check ready

ROM

and are for reference only. They cannot be modified by the user. These two tables can be

• The Changeable Parameters Table allows an initiator to determine which Operating Mode parameters the parameter one. Before trying the software driver should first check to make sure that the device will support changing that parameter.

• The Default Mode Table allows the user to restore the drive for any reason the Current default mode table.

ProDrive will allow to be changed via a MODE SELECT command.

in the Current Mode Table is changeable, the corresponding entry will have all bits set to

to

change any Operating Mode parameter with a

and

Saved mode tables are inaccessible, the ProDrive will use the

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS

of

the individual commands listed in Table 5-4. Refer

TEST UNIT READY COMMAND: OPCODE =

to accept commands requiring disk access.

ProDrive

of

error codes and sense keys. Refer to the Command

of

the CDB fields.

that are

to

of

interest to the user. These are the

If

a

MODE

a known

SELECT command,

or

reference condition.

to

the REQUEST

OO(hex)

if

the drive is up to speed and

If

TABLE

Bit

Byte

0

1

2-4

5

When the ProDrive is ready, the completion status byte will indicate ready, the completion status byte will indicate CHECK READY (02H).

The

commands which

7 6 5 4

VU=O

do

not require disk access are:

REQUEST

RESERVE SEND DIAGNOSTICS

RELEASE START/STOP UNIT

READB~R

MODE MODE SENSE

SENSE INQUIRY *

SELECT

5-8

TEST

I

LUN=O

I 1

I

WRITEB~R

(if

Save Parameters bit is not set)

(if

Save Parameters are not requested)

UNIT

OPCODE =

I

RESERVED

CONDmON

READY

3

J

00Ji

RESERVED=O

=0

Command

2

1

I 1 1

F

I

GOOD

(02H), with the sense key set

(OOJI).

If

I

the drive is not

0

L

to

NOT

*

If

the

ProDrive

and the default inquiry data is returned (see 5.11.9).

is not ready when the INQUIRY command is received, the disk is not accessed

SCSI Programming Guidelines 5

-21

Section 5

SCSI

Programming Guidelines

The ProDrive will execute any

of

application READY sense key even START/STOP UNIT command, Section 5.11.14 below.)

5.11.2

The REZERO UNIT command (Table 5-9) requests that the drive actuator be repositioned to cylinder zero and head zero.

Byte

0

1

2-4

5

5.11.3

power to the drive. They will not return CHECK CONDITION status with the NOT

REZERO UNIT COMMAND: OPCODE =

Bit 7 6

REQUEST SENSE COMMAND: OPCODE = 03(hex)

of

if

the drive

TABLE

LUN=O

VU=O

the above commands after a delay

is

not ready. All other commands could require disk access. (Refer to

5-9

REZERO

5

UNIT

4

OPCODE=OIH

I

RESERVED

I

=0

RESERVED=O

of

one second, maximum, following

01

(hex)

Command

3

2

RESERVED = 0

I

1 o

F

I

L

5.11.3.1 Command Structu

The REQUEST SENSE command (Table 5-10) requests that the sense data be sent to the initiator.

The sense data applies to the previous command from the same initiator. initiator until it is retrieved by that initiator Commands from any initiator will not alter the sense data saved for

TABLE

Bit

Byte

0

1

2

-3

4 ALLOCATION LENGTH (BYTES)

5

ALLOCATION LENGTH - specifies the maximum number

for returned sense data will

of whichever is less.

be

bytes have been transferred

7 6

LUN=O

VU=O

data. Acceptable values are

returned.) The ProDrive will terminate the DATA IN phase when the allocated number

For

the ProDrive. an allocation length

re

Sense data is saved for an

or

until another command

5-10

REQUEST

5

4

OPCODE=03H

SENSE

I

RESERVED

I

OO-FFH'

or

when all available sense data have been transferred to the initiator,

=0

RESERVED

(A value

is

received from that initiator.

other initiators.

Command

3

RESERVED=O

=0

of

bytes allocated by the initiator

of

00

of

18

(l2H)

2 1 o

F

I

indicates that four bytes

is

recommended.

I

L

of

5·22

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Section 5

If

the allocation length prevents all available sense data from being sent to the initiator, the initiator

may not use a subsequent REQUEST SENSE command to recover the remaining portion.

The

ProDrive uses the extended format for sense data. (See Table 5-11.)

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.3.2

Extended Sense Format

TABLE 5-11 Extended Sense Format

Bit

Byte

0

1

2

3-6

7 ADDmONAL

8-11

12 13 14

15

7

VALID

FM=O

(MSB)

FPV

EOM=1

6

CID

s

I

ERROR

I

CLASS

SEGMENT

RJ=O

INFORMATION

SENSE

ADDmONAL

VU

4

I

RESERVED = 0

RESERVED=O FRU

I

AND

CODE =

NUMBER

R=O

I

LENGTH

SENSE

FAILED

VU

I

BYTE

3

7~

= 0

(BYTES)

CODE

= 0 BPV

I

=OA

I

1

SENSE

H

BIT

1

I

KEY

POINTER

0

I

(LSB)

= 0

16-17

VALID - INFORMATION VALID (Byte

contain valid

ERROR CLASS

SEGMENT NUMBER (Byte 1) - Set to zero for the ProDrive.

FM -

P,oDrive.

EOM - END-OF-MEDIUM (Byte

exists; set to zero for the

ILl

- INCORRECT LENGTH INDICA TOR (Byte

logical block length does not match the block length on the medium. This bit is normally set to zero

for the

transfer length is greater than the buffer size.

R - RESERVED (Byte 2, Bit

SENSE KEY (Byte 2, Bits 3-0) - Values for sense key data are shown in Table 5-12.

INFORMATION

and are defined as he logical block address associated with the sense key.

(MSB)

data.

AND

CODE (Byte

nLE

MARK (Bit

ProDrive; an exception is in response to the READ BUFFER command, when the requested

7,

Byte 2) - Indicates that a filemark has been read; set to zero for the

ProDrive.

4)

BYTES (Bytes 3-6) -

FIELD

POINTER

0,

Bit 7) - Set to 1 if the information bytes

0,

Bits 6-0) - Set to 70H to indicate extended status.

2,

Bit 6) - Indicates that an end-of-medium condition

2,

Bit 5) - Indicates that the requested

- Must be zero for the ProDrive.

If

the VALID bit is

1,

the information bytes are valid

(LSB)

SCSI Programming Guidelines 5 -2 3

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

ADDITIONAL SENSE LENGTH (Byte

value will not transfer all

be

truncated

of

the additional sense bytes.

if

the allocation length

ADDITIONAL SENSE CODE (Byte FRU -

vendor unique. A value

FPV -

and bytes

C/D • CONTROL/DAT A

in REQUEST pointer is the byte number issued.

FIELD

BPV

bi~

16

and

the field pointer is the

REPLACEABLE UNIT FAILED (Byte 14) -

POINTER V ALID (Byte 15, Bit 7) -

and

bytes

17,

the

C/O

sense

key

was issued. A

of

zero

means

16

and

17

bit

and

BIT

Command

of

the

are not valid. An

BPV

(Byte 15, Bit 6) -

Descriptor

C/O

DATA

7)

-

The

in

The

ProDri

12) -Refer

that

no

FRU is

bit, are

s~gnificant.

Block

bit

of

zero indicates that the value reported in the field

phase for which

FPV

VENDOR UNIQUE (Byte 15, Bits 5·4) - Bits 5 BPV • BIT POINTER VALID (Byte 15, Bit 3) -

field is not valid. A

BIT

POINTER

in

that is

error.

BPV

bit

set

to

one indicates that the

(Byte 15, Bits 2·0) -

If

BPV is set, this field points

number

the

••

to

Set

(COB) byte' number for which

and 4 of

Set

of

additional bytes to follow.

command

uses a value

to

Table

be

Set

bit

to

an

bit

descriptor block is too small to

of

OA

H in byte 7.

5-12.

The

format

reported.

to

zero indicates

set

to

one

indicates

one

indicates

ILLEGAL

byte

to

zero indicates

pointer field (Bits 0 - 2) is valid.

REQUEST

15

are

that

vendor

that

to

the

that

of

this

byte

that

the

C/O

the field pointer

the

value

reported

an

ILLEGAL

sense

key

unique.

the

bit

pointer

bit

within the byte

This

is

bit

was

FIELD POINTER (Bytes

Block

fields

or

the

DATA the case which (FPV)

of

multiple byte fields, the field pointer bytes index the

an

illegal request sense

bit

is

set

to

one.

Description

o

00

1

00

02

10

11

NO

SENSE.

case for a successful command

status because

No

additional infonnation

RECOVERED recovery action performed the additional sense bytes

No

additional infonnation Recovered seek timeout Recovered Recovered data

16-17) -These

phase fields for which an

key

was issued.

bytes represent

ILLEGAL

These

bytes are only valid

an

index into the

REQUEST

most

significant byte

TABLE 5·12 Sense Error Codes

No

specific sense key information

or

a command that received a

one

of

the filemark,

ID

ERROR.

CRC

ECC

error

on

The

last

by

the ProD';

and

the

last retry

information bytes.

EOM,

command

••.

to

be

or

ILl

bits

is

was completed successfully with

Details

may

Command

sense

key

was issued. In

of

if

the Field Pointer Valid

reported.

set

be

This

CHECK

to

one.

detennined

would be the

CONDmON

Descriptor

the field for

some

by

examining

5·24

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Sense

Key

(hex)

Additional

Sense

Code

(hex)

Section 5

Table 5-12 Sense Error Codes (cont.)

Description

SCSI Programming Guidelines

13 14

15

16 17

18

86

95

96

97

98

A8

AD

2

00

BO

Bl

B2

3

Recovered data Recovered Recovered

sync

no

record

seek error

timeout

found

Recovered data marker not

Recovered

data

ECe with retries

data

ECC

unexpected

moT

sequencer

Recovered SOLO timeout Recovered

Recovered

Recovered timeout Spurious Requested fonnat

NOT COlTCCt

bump

tmdemmIovemm

nmi interrupt

READY.

Target cannot

this condition.

in

not

available

settling

No additional infonnation

Drive recalibrating

up

to

Drive not

speed

Drive waiting for command

MEDIUM

that

ERROR.

was

probably caused

The

command terminated with a non-recovered error condition

by a flaw

found

error

be

accessed. Operator intervention may

to

start

in

the medium or

an

error

in

the

recorded

be

required

to

data.

00

10

11

13

.14

16 19

Ie

31

32

80

81

95

97

A3

AA

No additional infonnation

All

IDs have CRe errors

Uncorrectable

data

error Data sync timeout No

record

found

Data

marker not

found Bad defect list No

primary defect list found

Fonnat failed or

No

more

spares available

not

fonnatted

Can't write system sector Can't

read system sector

SOLO timeout

Undemmlovemm

error

Reassign Blocks READ failure

Reallocated uncorrectable data

read

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5·25

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Sense

Key

(hex)

4

Additional

Sense

Code

(hex)

00

01 02 03

06 09

15 IB 32

40

41 42

43

44

45

Table 5-12

Sense

E"or

Description

HARDWARE perfonning

No

additional infonnation

No

index

the

signal

ERROR.

command.

The

target detected a non-recoverable hardware failure

Seek timeout Write fault Recalibrate

failure

Servoing error Seek

error

Sync~nous~uesterror

Defect list Buffer

RAM

is

full

failure

ECCfailure Power-on Message

failure

reject Finnware error Reselect timeout

Codes

(cont.)

while

82 83 84 85 86

87 88 89

8A

90

91 92 93 94

96

98

99

9D 9E 9F

AO Al

A2

A4 A6

No

digital PI or

Analog

PI or Failure writing to Rejected message Unexpected

A

and

B servos not

P2

are

format

was

sequencer

equal

signal

bad

not

enor

Airlock stuck closed Bad

head

amplifier

Bad

head

select

Synchronous FIFO

FIFO FIFO Undocumented

acknowledge

unload error

load

error

predicted

full error

SPICY

error

Bump timeout Timeout in settling

Bump

retry

counter expired

up

to

Motor never gets

speed

Motor drops out of legal Internal

External

ROM

checksum error

PROM

checksum error

Sequencer rollover register

External

Bad

A and B

RAM

thennistor

servos

failure

not

detected

parameter

sent

error

speed

range

failure

RAM

SCSI

5·26

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Sense

Key

(bex)

5

Additional

Sense

Code

(bex)

A7

A9

AC AD

00

19

lA

20

21

22

24

2S

Table 5-12 Sense

E"or

Description

Offtrack timeout

SOLO DMA pointer error Airlock stuck open No servo

ILLEGAL

block or

rroDrive detects

terminate the command without altering

additional parameters supplied as

No additional infonnation

Entered

Parameter Invalid

InvalidLBA Dlegal mega! field in InvalidLUN

intelTUpt

REQUEST. There was

in

the

additional parameters supplied as data for a command.

an

invalid parameter in the command descriptor block, it will

defect list

in

error

overrun

command

function for device type

COB

an·

illegal parameter in the command descriptor

data, it

Codes

the

may

medium;

(cont.)

if

the invalid parameter is in the

have already altered the medium.

If

the

26

8A

8B

8C

8D

8F

9B

9C

AS

AE

6

00 No additional infonnation

29

2A 8E

9A Target attempted to reselect

megal field

Invalid Invalid

Select Bad

BPBIBPS

in parameter list

head

cylinder

from

same

initiator while active

Invalid sector Invalid

period

or

offset in sync message

Active initiator attempted another select Defect list out Bad

parameter(s)

UNIT A1TENTION. MODE SELECT parameters have been changed

initiator, or the condition

The

UNIT

INQUIRY

CHECK

the

clear

An

INQUIRY command will be performed with no effect to

condition.

CHECK

JqJOIted

of

order

in

mode

page

ProDrive

bas

been reset

by

a bus device reset message, a "hard" reset

(RST asserted) or a power-on reset

A 1TENTION condition will persist until n:ceipt or REQUEST SENSE.

CONDmON

UNIT

A 1TENTION condition

If

a REQUEST SENSE

CONDmON

and

cleared.

status

for the

The

command issued will

will

be

~

command

UNIT

A TIENTION condition, the condition will

allowing the initiator to discover and

by

issuing a REQUEST SENSE command.

is received before the

of

a command other than

not

be

perfonned; the

the

UNIT

Drive reset

Mode

select

Unexpected

parameter SCSI

changed

interrupt occmred

ProDrlve

by

another

A1TENTION

ProDrive

reports

be

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5·27

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Table 5-12 Sense

Additional

Sense

Key

(hex)

B

E

5.11.4

The FORMAT UNIT command (Table 5-13) assigns logical blocks to physical sectors for optimum sequential access (within the limitations option causes a repetitive (one byte) data pattern to be written in every block. The ProDrive is fonnatted when shipped from the factory, with data being undefined.

Sense

Code

(hex)

00 40 47 48

49

00

AF

Description

ABORTED COMMAND. The

be able to recover by trying the command again.

No additional infonnation

Buffer RAM

Parity error on SCSI bus

Initiator detected Inappropriateftllegal message

MISCOMP

No additional infonnation Buffer conupted

parity

elTOr

error

ARE.

The source data dit not match the data read from the medium.

FORMAT UNIT COMMAND: OPCODE = 04(hex)

of

available spare blocks), skipping known defective areas. An

E"or

ProDriv~

Codes (cont.)

aborted the command. The initiator may

NOTE: Issuing this command typically causes loss

not used. All data should be backed up prior to fonnatting.

of

5.11.4.1 Command Structure

TABLE 5-13 FORMAT UNIT Command

Bit

Byte

0

1

2

3-4 (MSB)

S

FMTDAT· is supplied during the DATA that will logical block addresses (not physical addresses). The fonnat

IS. A FMTDAT bit

header and no defect data shall

be entered onto the defect map. The defect list refers to the current block length and current

7

I

VU=O

FORMAT

of

6

LUN=O

I

5

I

OPCODE= 04H

I

FMl'DAT

DATA

INTfRLEA

I

DATA

zero indicates that the DATA

(Byte 1, Bit

OUT

phase. The defect list included with this data specifies the defects

be supplied by the initiator. See Table 5-15.

data, even when the repetitive data pattern option is

4

PAlTFRN

VE = XX

RESERVED

4)

- Set

3

I I CMPI.ST I

= 0

to

one indicates that defective block data

of

the defect list is shown in Table

OUT

phase will not occur, i.e., no defect list

I

2

I

DEFECT

I

1

LIST

F

FORMAT

I

0

(LSB)

L

S-

5-28

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

CMPLST • COMPLETE

of

complete list

known initiator-specified or field replacement defects. Any previous initiator-

specified defect map or defect data is erased. This purges

LIST

(Byte 1, Bit

3)

- Set to one indicates the data supplied is the

any

previous initiator-specified defect list and builds a new defect list, which includes the initiator-specified list and the factory defects. A bit

of

zero indicates that the data supplied is in addition to existing defect data using the current

format.

DEF~CT

defect list.

DATA FORMAT UNIT command

MODE

INTERLEA field by the initiator will

LIST

FORMAT

(Byte 1,

Bits

2-0) - Specifies additional information related to the

See Table 5-14 for further infonnation. -

PATIERN

(Byte 2) - User data pattern to

(if

this option is enabled by the Fill Data Pattern bit in Page 39H

be

written repetitively into each sector during

SELECT command).

VE

FIELD

(Bytes 3-4) - Specifies the interleave factor. Any value specified in this

be

ignored by the ProDrive. The ProDrive uses a

1:

TABLE 5-14 FORMAT UNIT Command Variations

4

FMTDAT

3

CMPLST

Bit Reference Defect (CDB

bIte

1)

2

0 X X 0

1

DEFECT

FORMAT

LIST

0

7

FOV

Blte

List

1

6

DPRY

Defect List

Lensth

1 interleave.

Option

(See 5.11.4.2)

CMPLST

of

the

1 0 X X 0 0

·0

0

Key: X = 1 or 0 (ignored

X

0 0 X X 0 0 X

X X X

0

by

ProDrive)

X

0 X

X

0 X

X

X X X

X

NO

DEFECT

0

COMMENTS

Not

0

Vendor Unique (Not Used) Reserved

0

Supported

0 0 3

LIST*

2

4

5

6

7

8

*Since the OAT A OUT phase does not occur, there is no defect list header.

The defect list shown in Table 5-15 contains a four-byte header which may be folowed by defect descriptors. The defect list length is bytes

of

the defect descriptors that follow. Each defect descriptor for the logical block format specifies a

four-byte defect logical block address that contains the defect. The defect addresses must

equal

to four times the number

of

defect descriptors; it specifies the total length

be

in ascending

in

order. The defect list length may be zero.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5·29

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

TABLE

Byte

04

Bit

0

I FOV

2-3

FOV -FORMAT

bits 4 through 6 (STPF, DCRT, and DPRY). A FOV bit the

ProDrive default format scheme to

DPRY -DISABLE exclude the factory defect map (primary list formatting. A

in its list

the default condition

of

7

(MSB)

I (MSB) DEFECT LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

DPRY bit set to zero indicates that the ProDrive will include the factory defect map

flaws to manage while formatting. Note that the inclusion

5·15 Defect List - Logical Block Format

6

I

5

I

DEFECT LIST HEADER:

RESERVED

I DPRY I DCRT I

DEFECT-LIST

Defect Descriptor(s):

OPTIONS

PRIMARY

of

the ProDrive.

VALID (Byte 1, Bit 7) - Set to one authorizes the setting

be

implemented for the functions defined by bits 4 through 6.

(Byte 2,

4

I

STPF

Bit

6) - Set to one indicate that the

or

P-list) from its list

3

f

=0

I

LENGTH

of

zero indicates that the initiator requests

2

I

RESERVED

of

flaws to manage while

of

the factory defect map

1

I

=0

ProDrive

0

I

(LSB)

(LSB) I

of

will

is

DCRT -DISABLE Must

be

set to zero by the initiator.

STPF -STOP zero by the initiator.

CERTIFICATION

FORMAT

(Byte 1,

Bit

4) - Not supported by the ProDrive. Must be set to

Bit

5) - Not supported by the ProDrive.

5.11.4.2 Agglication of FORMAT UNIT Command

The ProD rive offers eight formatting options as follows:

1)

Format with absolutely no defects

2)

Format with original factory defects only

3) Format with grown defects only (discarding factory defects)

4) Format with existing defects (factory and grown defects)

5) Format with provided defects only (discarding factory and existing grown defects)

6) Format with provided defects in addition to factory defects (discarding existing grown defects)

7)

Format with provided defects in addition to existing grown defects (discarding factory defects)

8) Fonnat with provided defects in addition to existing defects

NOTE: With any

condition; meanwhile, the original factory defects are always preserved.

The following tables illustrate the setting implement each

of

the above options, the list

of

the listed options.

of

grown defects is always updated to reflect the latest

of

the FORMAT UNIT CDB and defect list header required to

5-30

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

( 1 )

Format

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

with absolutely no defects.

FORMAT

Bit 7

B~te

0

1

2 DATA PATIFRN

3-4

s

B~te

0

1 1

2-3

NOTE: The list

(MSB)

Bit 7

lMSBl

of

vu=o

grown defects will

I

1

6

LUN=O

6

1

I

I I

be

UNIT

5

4

I

OPCODE=04H

1

I

INTERLEAVE =

RESERVED

Defect

5

List

4

I

RESERVED=O

0

DEFECI' LENGTH = 0

erased.

1

0

Command

3

I

1

I

XX

=0

Header

3

t

I

1

I

0

1

I

RESERVED = 0

1

J

I

I I

F

J

I

1

I

0

(LSB)

L

0

(LSB)

(2)

Format

Bit 7

Byte

0

1

2

3-4

s

Bit

B'yte

0

1

2-3

NOTE: The list

with original factory defects only.

I

(MSB)

VU=O

7

i

0

I

(MSB)

of

grown defects will

6

LUN=O

6

0

FORMAT

5

I

Defect

5

I

0

I

be

erased.

UNIT

4

I

OPCODE=

1

I

DATAPATIERN

INTERLEAVE =

RESERVED=O

List

4

I

RESERVED=O

0

1

DEFECI' LENGTH = 0

Command

3

I

04H

1

I

XX

Header

3

I I

1

I

0

I

1

I

RESERVED=O

I

J

I I

1

F

1

I

I I

0

(LSB)

L

0

(LSB)

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-31

Section 5

(3) Format with grown defects only; discard factory defects.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

FORMAT

Bit 7

Byte

0

1

2

Bit

(MSB)

VU=O

7

1

(MSB)

of

grown defects will

3-4

5

Byte

0

1

2-3 .

NOTE: The list

( 4) Format with existing defects (factory and grown defects). The data out phase

not used.

J

I I

6

LUN=O

6

1

I

I I

5

0

be

5

Defect

DEFECT

erased.

UNIT

4

I

OPCODE= 04H

1

I

DATA

PA1TF.RN

IN1'ERLEA

VE = XX

RESERVED

List

Header

4

I

RESERVED

0

I

LENGTH

Command

3

I

0

J

=0

3

I

=0

I

= 0

2

I

0

I

2

I

RESERVED

I

J

I

F

I

= 0

I

l

I

-<LSB] L

0

(LSB)

0

is

FORMAT

Bit 7

Byte

0

1

2

3-4

5

NOTE: No defect list header or defect descriptor blocks follow the command.

(MSB)

VU=O

6

I

LUN=O·

5

I

UNIT

Command

4

I

OPCODE=04H

I

DATAPA1TF.RN

INTERLE.A

RESERVED

0

I

VE = XX

3

0

=0

I I

2

0

1

I

I I

F

I

0

(LSB)

L

5-32 SCSI Programming Guidelines

(5)

Format

Section 5

with provided defects only; discard factory

SCSI Programming Guidelines

and

existing grown defects.

FORMAT

Bit 7 6

Byte

0

1

2

Bit

(MSB)

7

(MSB)

34

5

Byte

0

1 1

2-3

NOTE: The defect descriptor blocks follow the defect list header.

VU=O

I I

LUN=O

6

1

I I

I

543

5

0

UNIT

Command

OPCODE=04H

1

I

DATA

PATIERN

INTERLEAVE = XX

RESERVED=O

Defect

List

4

Header

I

RESERVED=O

0

I

DEFECT

LENGTH

1

I

1

3

2

0

J

2

j

RESERVED = 0

1

I 1

F

I I

I

1

I

o

~B)

L

0

(LSB)

(6)

Format grown defects)

Byte

0

1

2

3-4

5

B~te

0 RESERVED

1 0

2-3

with provided defects in addition to factory defects; discard existing

FORMAT

Bit

(MSB)

7

VU=O

7

I

. J

I

6

LUN=O

6

0

I

J

1

I

5

I

OPCODE=

I

DATA

INTERLEAVE = XX

Defect

5

J

0

J

DEFECT

UNIT

Command

4

3

I

04H

1

I

PATTERN

RESERVED = 0

List

Header

4

3

I

=0

j

0

LENGTH

2

J

1

I

0

2

J

RESERVED

1

I

J

I I

F

I

1

I

J

=0

0

(LSB)

L

0

(LSB)

NOTE: The defect descriptor blocks folow the defect list header. The provided defects will replace the

existing grown defects.

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5-33

Section 5

(7)

Format factory defects)

SCSI Programming Guidelines

with provided defects in addition to existing grown defects; discard

FORMAT

Bit 7

Byte

0

1

2

3-4 (MSB)

5

Bit 7

Byte

0

1 I

2-3

NOTE: The defect descriptor blocks follow the defect list header. The existing list

will be added

VU=O

(MSB)

6

I

LUN=O

6 S 4 3 2 1

I

with

the

provided defects, becoming the updated grown defects.

s

J

I

0

I

DEFECT LENGTH =

UNIT

4

J

OPCODE=

1

I

DATA

PATTERN

INTERLEA VE =

RESERVED = 0

Defect List

RESERVED

0

I

Command

I

04H

I

XX

Header

=0

I

0

3

0

J

I

2

I

0

I I

I

RESERVED

1

I

F

J

=0

of

grown defects

0

(LSB)

L

o

(LSB)

(8)

Format

Byte

0

I

2

3-4

5

Byte

0

I

2-3

NOTE: The defect descriptor blocks follow the defect list header. The existing list

with provided defects in addition to existing defects

Bit

(MSB)

Bit 7

(MSB)

will

be

added

7

0

I

LUN=O

VU=O

I I

with

FORMAT

6

S

I

6

S

I

0

the

provided defects. becoming the updated grown defects.

0

I

DEFECT LENGTH =

UNIT

4

I

OPCODE=04H

I

DATA

PAlTERN

INTERLEAVE =

RESERVED = 0

Defect List

Header

4

I

RESERVED

0

I

Command

3·

I

0

I

XX

3

I

=0

I

0

2

I

0

I

2

I

RESERVED=O

I I I

I I

1

I

F

I

1

I

of

grown defects

0

(LSB)

L

0

(LSB)

5-34

SCSI Programming Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.5

The REASSIGN BLOCKS command (Table 5-16) requests the

blocks to areas

The initiator transfers a defect list during the DATA list contains the logical block addresses to be reassigned by the physical medium used for each logical block address in the list. The data contained in the logical blocks

specified in error recovery parameters; the data in all other logical blocks on the medium will be preserved. block that has previously been reassigned is The defective block address will

NOTES: The REASSIGN BLOCKS command should not

Byte

REASSIGN BLOCKS COMMAND: OPCODE = 07(hex}

ProDrive

on

the drive reserved for this purpose.

OUT

phase following the command bytes; the defect

ProDrive.

the

defect list will be preserved

be added to the drive's field replacement defect map.

logical blocks which have already been so reassigned with the automatic reallocation feature

MODE

Block reassignment can degrade performance by requiring spare locations to can CAPACITY command) or possibly by reassigning all logical block addresses with the FORMAT UNIT command.

Bit

SELECT.

be

remedied by moving a file to a more appropriate area (as determined using the READ

TABLE

7

5-16

6

if

recoverable within the limits prescribed by MODE SELECT

specified to

REASSIGN

5 4

be

reassigned, the block will be reassigned again.

be

used to redundantly reassign defective

BLOCKS

3 2 I

to reassign the defective logical

The drive will reassign the

If

a logical

be

accessed. This

Command

o

of

0

1

2-4

5

The REASSIGN BLOCKS defect list (Table 5-17) contains a four-byte

defect descriptors. The length the total length in bytes four times the number

LUN=O

VU=O

of

the defect descriptors that follow. The defect list length is, therefore, equal to

of

defect descriptors.

I

each defect descriptor is four bytes. The defect list length field specifies

OPCODE=07H

1

RESERVED

=0

RESERVED=O

RESERVED

header

followed by one

=0

I

F

I

or

L

more

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-35

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

TABLE

~l

2-3

0-4 I (MSB)

The defect descriptor specifies a four-byte defect logical block address that contains the defect. The defect addresses must be in ascending order. All sectors) will be reassigned.

If

the drive has insufficient capacity to reassign all tenninate with a CHECK logical block address sense data.

5.11.6

(MSB)

of

READ COMMAND: OPCODE = 08{hex)

5·17

CONDITION status and the sense key will be set to MEDIUM ERROR. The

the first logical block not reassigned will be returned

REASSIGN

Defect List Header·

RESERVED

DEFECT LIST LENGTH

Defect Descriptor(s):

DEFECT LOGICAL

of

the 512-byte sectors associated with a logical block

of

the defective logical blocks, the command will

BLOCKS Defect

=0

BLOCK

ADDRESS

in

List

(I,

the information bytes

(LSB)

2,

or

of

I

4

the

The READ command (Table 5-18) requests that the target transfer data to the initiator.

5.11.6.1

Byte

0

1

2-3 LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

4

5

LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS (Byte

block at which the READ operation will begin.

TRANSFER LENGTH (Byte 4) - Specifies the number

be transferred. A transfer length values are

Command Structure

Bit 7

6

I

LUN=O

VU=O

OO-FFH'

TABLE

5·18

5

I

TRANSFER LENGTH

I

of

zero indicates that 256 blocks shall be transferred. Acceptable

READ

4

I

OPCODE=08H

I

(MSB)

RESERVED

1,

Bits 4-0; Bytes 2-3) - Specifies the logical

Command

I

2

I

3

I

LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

=0

of

contiguous logical blocks

I

0

I

(LSB)

F

I

of

L

data to

5-36

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5.11.6.2 BEAD Command Operation

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

Read operations on the it is first stored in the buffer. After a logical block has been read successfully into the buffer, those data

bytes are transferred from the buffer to the

The two operations involved from the from the disk to the buffer, will continue as long as the transfer length indicates that there be read from the disk and there is room in the buffer. The second operation, transferring data from the buffer to the completely because the second operation (buffer to transfer to the buffer will be temporarily halted to allow the transfer from the buffer to the

up room in the buffer. Transfer from disk to buffer continues until the transfer length is exhausted. Transfer from the buffer to the totally emptied.

The disconnect/reconnect strategy is tied to the dual processes

ProDrive will not disconnect unless the initiator sends an IDENTIFY message with the "I Support

Disconnect" bit (bit 6) set. the buffer is empty and the transfer count is not exhausted. The point at which reconnect occurs is controlled by the Buffer Full Ratio specified by the Buffer Full Ratio, the bus is established, the buffer to the reconnection (e.g., the bus is busy), the disk to buffer operation will continue until the buffer the number

5.11.7

buffer to the SCSI bus, are essentially independent processes. The first operation, transferring data

SCSI bus, will start whenever the buffer contains at least one logical block.

of

blocks requested has been reached.

WRITE COMMAND: OPCODE = OA(hex)

ProDrive

are buffered using a 64K-byte buffer. When data is read from the drive,

SCSI bus.

in

reading, transferring data from the disk to the buffer and transferring data

is

If

the buffer fills

SCSI bus)

SCSI bus continues until the first operation is completed and the buffer

If

disconnect is supported by the initiator, the drive will disconnect whenever

(MODE SELECT Page 2 byte 2). When the buffer fills to the level

ProDrive will initiate a reconnection. When reconnection to the

SCSI bus transfer operation will resume.

is

slower than the first (disk to buffer),

SCSI bus to free-

of

filling and emptying the buffer. The

If

there is a delay in establishing

more data to

is

full,

or

The WRITE command (Table 5-19) requests that the data transferred to the target be written in the area specified by the logical block address.

5.11.7.1

Byte

0

1

2-3 LOOICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

4 TRANSFER LENGTH

5

LOGICAL BLOCK

block at which the WRITE operation will begin.

TRANSFER transferred. A transfer length

are

Command Structure

Bit

7

I

LUN=O

VU=O

LENGTH

OO-FFH'

TABLE

6

I

5-19

5

WRITE

4

I

OPCODE=

I (MSB) LOOICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

I

ADDRESS

(Byte 4) - Specifies the number

of

(Byte 1, Bits 4-0; Bytes 2-3) - Specifies the logical

zero indicates that 256 blocks will be transferred. Acceptable values

RESERVED=O

Command

3

I

OAH

of

2

I

contiguous logical blocks to be

I

1

I

(l,SB)

F

I

0

L

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5 -

37

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.7.2 WRITE Command Operation

WRITE

is first stored in the buffer. When the head is correctly positioned

area, data will be written from the buffer to the disk.

The data from the buffer onto the disk, are essentially independent processes. data

more data buffer fills completely, the transfer operation, transferring data from the buffer the head is correctly positioned operations involves the buffer level. transfer process cannot keep up temporarily halt

The

ProDrive will

Disconnect" can exhausted). SELECT before reconnection is attempted. After a successful reconnection, the

will resume.

5.11.8

The

commands

two operations involved in writing, transferring data from the SCSI bus to the buffer and transferring

from the SCSI bus into the buffer, will continue as long as the transfer length indicates that there is

to

disconnect/reconnect strategy is tied to the dual processes

no longer transfer data from the SCSI bus to the buffer because the buffer is full

The

Page 2 byte 3). This ratio determines

on

the ProDrive are buffered using a 64K-byte buffer. Data

on

the track

The

be

transferred across the SCSI

of

over

and

the buffer empties. In

if

the buffer-to-disk transfer process falls behind and the buffer fills

not

disconnect unless the initiator sends

bit

(bit 6) set.

point at which reconnection occurs is controlled by the Buffer Empty Ratio (MODE

If

disconnect is supported by the initiator, the drive will disconnect whenever it

bus

from the initiator and there is room in the buffer.

data across the SCSI bus will temporarily halt.

onto

the disk, will occur as long as the buffer is not empty and

the appropriate data area.

The

"buffer-te-disk operation will stop

how

low the buffer level must get

The

only interaction between these

tum,

the SCSI-to-buffer transfer will

of

filling and emptying the buffer. The

an

IDENTIFY message with the "I Support

SCSI bus-to-buffer transfer operation

to

be stored on the disk.

over

the appropriate data

first operation. transferring

The

second

if

the SCSI bus-to-buffer

completely.

(or

the transfer count is

via

data transfer

SEEK COMMAND: OPCODE = OB(hex)

SEEK

command (Table 5-20) requests that the drive seek to the specified logical block address.

If

two

to

the

disk

TABLE

Bit

Byte

0

1

2-3 LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

4 RESERVED

5

LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS (Byte 1, Bits

to which the actuator will

7

LUN=O

VU=O

6

I

be

repositioned after the

5·20

5

SEEK

4

OPCODE=OBH

I (MSB) LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

RESERVED

S-O;

SEEK

Command

3

=0

Bits 2·3) - Specifies

operation is complete.

2

I

1

F

the

I

logical

o

MB)

L

block

5·38

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.9

The INQUIRY command (Table 5-21) requests that information regarding identification to the initiator.

5.11.9.1

Byte

0

1

2-3 RESERVED

4

5

ALLOCATION LENGTH - Specifies the maximum number

allocated for returned Acceptable values are

allocation length bytes have been transferred to the initiator, whichever is less. (For the

recommended.)

INQUIRY COMMAND: OPCODE = 12(hex)

CQmmand Structure

Bit 7

TABLE

6

I

LUN=O

VU=O

IN

QUIR Y data. A value

OO-FFH.

5-21

5

I

ALLOCA

I

The ProDrive will terminate the DATA IN phase when the

INQUIRY

4

I

OPCODE=

I

nON

LENGnt

RESERVED =

of

00 indicates that no data will be returned.

or

when all available INQUIRY data have been transferred

ProDrive, an allocation length

3

I

12H

=0

(BYTES)

Command

I

RESERVED

O·

of

bytes that the initiator has

2

I

=0

I

of

130 (82H) is

of

the target be sent

1

0

I

F

I

L

5.11.9.2

Byte

0

1

2

3

4

PERIPHERAL DEVICE TYPE (Byte 0) - Set to a value

Access Device), unless the LUN specified in the Command Descriptor Block is invalid. is

invalid~

returned as

RMB - REMOVABLE MEDIUM BIT (Byte

ProDrive

DEVICE TYPE QUALIFIER (Byte 1, Bits 6-0) - Not supported by ProDrive; it is set to

a value

INQUIRY DATA Format

TABLE

Bit 7

6

I

RMB=O

the peripheral device

if

the LUN was set to a value

to

indicate non-removable media.

of

zero.

I

RESERVED

RESERVED=O

=0

5-22

I

PERIPHERAL DEVICE TYPE

I

INQUIRY

5

ECMA VERSION = 0

4

I

DEVICE TYPE QUALIFIER = 0

I

ADDmONAL

type

is set to 7FH. The reset

of

zero.

LIST

LENGnt

1,

Bit 7) - Always set to zero for the

DATA

3

Format

2

I

= 0

I

RESPONSE DATA FORMAT = 1

of

zero for the ProDrive

of

the data bytes is not affected and are

ANSI VERSION = 1

1

I

If

0

1

(Direct

the LUN

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5·39

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

ECMA

claim compliance to the European Computer Manufacturers Association version

ANSI

specification for SCSI.

RESPONSE

the Common Command Set proposed by an ANSC X3T9.2 working group.

ADDITIONAL

identification information. The chart. vendor unique parameters, the additional length value will not be adjusted to reflect the truncation.

ProDrive

VERSION

DATA

If

the allocation length

DRIVE

BYTE

5

- 7

6

8 -

15

(Byte 2, Bits 5-3) - Set to zero to indicate that the ProDrive does not

of

SCSI.

(Byte 2, Bits 2-0) - Set to one to indicate compliance with the ANSI

FORMAT

LIST

LENGTH

IDENTIFICATION

(Byte

3,

Bits 3-0) - Set to one to indicate compliance with

(Byte 4) - Specifies the length in bytes

ProDrive identification information is shown

of

the command descriptor block is too small to transfer all

of

on

the list

INFORMATION

the following

Information

Vendor Unique = 0

Reserved

Vendor Identification = 'QUANTUM'

=0

of

drive

of

the

16 -

20

21 -31

32 - 35

36

- 43

44 - 55

56 - 97

98 - 119

Product Identification (Model) = P40S (P80S)

Product Identification (Part Number) = 940-40-94XX

(980-80-94XX)

XX is replaced by the appropriate digits

Microcode Revision Level (Variation Code) =

VV is replaced by the appropriate variation code

or

,

80)

Microcode Date = 'MM/DD!YY

MM=month DD=day YY=year

Drive Serial Number = 'ccymmdd-ssss'

cc

= capacity

y = last digit

= month

mm

dd

=day

ssss = drive seQuence number

Reserved

Vendor Unique

=0

(40

of

year drive built

'VV '

5·40

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

NOTE:

5.11.10

The

to

from

initiators, provided that at least one parameter is changed.

Bytes 8 through received, it will

data returned will

MODE

the drive. A

SELECT command (Table 5-23) provides a

another

initiator. Execution of the command will create a

BYTES

16 - 31

44

- 55

MODE

SELECT command will override any previous selection of device parameters, even

55

are

ASCII

be

unable to return

be

the

default data

SELECT

values.

DATA

"P40S 940-40-94XX "DRV

If

the drive is not

the

correct data for bytes

as

shown

SER

NUM

COMMAND:

5.11.10.1 Command Structure

TABLE 5-23 MODE SELECT Command

Bit 7

Byte

0

I

6

I

5

I

OPCODE=

ready

in

the following table.

It

"

OPCODE

mei.ns

for

the initiator to specify device parameters

UNIT

A ITENTION condition for other

4

3

I

ISH

when

the

INQUIRY command is

16-31

and 44-55. In this case,

= 15{hex)

2

I

the

1

0

I

2

3

4

S

When the

from an unaddressable area

the Saved

ProDrive

Mode

•

If

the parameter values cannot be successfully

their default values as shipped

another

•

If

initiator altered the parameters.

the parameter values are

VU=O

is powered on and the motor spins

Table, Section 5.10.)

a reset

NOTE:

SP •

Current Mode Table will

the

If

bit

1,

Byte 2

A1TENTION condition will not occur; see Section 5.11.10.5.

SA

VE PARAMETERS (Byte 1, Bit 0) -

Saved

Mode

Table.

LUN=O

PARAME1ER

I

on

the

drive, and a UNIT A 1TENTION condition is set for all initiators.

from

read

successfully, the additional sense

of

MODE SELECT, Page 39H is set to a value

be

copied to the Saved Mode Table.

I

RESERVED RESERVED

UST

LENG1H(BYTES)

RESERVED=O

up,

read

from

the factory and the additional sense code will

If

RESERVED = 0 = 0

the most recent set

the Saved Mode Table,

set to one, only the saveable pages

See

= 0

of

device parameters

code

will

be

of

one, the UNIT

Section 5.10 for a description

I

set

F

they

be

to

SP

I

L

I

is (See

will revert to

set to

2AH

29u

to indicate

of

the

of

read

as if

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-41

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

PARAMETER

LIST

LENGTH

(Byte 4) - Specifies the length

in

bytes

of

the MODE SELECT parameter list that will be transferred during the DATA OUT phase. A parameter list length of

zero indicates that

no

data will be transferred. This condition should not be considered an error.

5.11.10.2 MODE SELECT Parameter List

The MODE SELECT parameter list (Table 5-24) contains a four-byte header, followed descriptor, then zero

Bit 7

Byte

0 RESERVED

1 MEDIUM TYPE = 0

2 RESERVED

3

or

more "pages".

TABLE 5-24 MODE

6 5

Mode Select Header:

BLOCK DESCRIPTOR LENGTH (BYTES)

Block Descriptors

SELECT

4

=0

Parameter List

3

2 1 o

by

zero or one block

0 DENSITY CODE = 0

1-3

4

5-7

0 RESERVED

(MSB)

=0

I

NUMBER

RESERVED

BLOCK

p

age

OF

BLOCKS = 0

LENGTH

escrlptor

D

=0

t PAGE LENGTH

2

ton

MEDIUM

TYPE

(Byte 1) - Set to zero for default (currently mounted medium type) since the

REFER TO PAGE DESCRIPTION

ProDrive has non-removable media.

BLOCK descriptors. It is equal to the number any. A block descriptor length

DESCRIPTOR

LENGTH

of

(Byte 3) - Specifies the length in bytes

of

block descriptors times eight; it does not include the pages,

zero indicates that no block descriptors wil be included

parameter list. A single block descriptor is used for the

BLOCK including a density code, number

DESCRIPTORS:

The block descriptors specify the logical block length for the drive

of

blocks, and block length.

( )

s :

PAGE CODE

ProDrive.

of

all the block

in

(LSB)

if

the

DENSITY

CODE

(Byte 0) - Set to zero, indicating the default density

ProDrive uses only one density.

5·42

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

of

the medium, since the

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

NUMBER

that meet the density code and block length

remaining logical blocks Any non-zero value within the capacity of the certain number

OF

BLOCKS (Bytes 1-3) - Specifies the number

in

the

block descriptor. A value of zero indicates that all

of

the drive

have

the

medium

ProDrive can

of

blocks.

of

logical blocks on the

characteristics specified

be

used

to

limit access

BLOCK LENGTH (Bytes 5-7) - The block length specifies the length

block described

(400H)'

NOTE: The block length may

or

PAGE

PAGE CODE (Byte 0, Bits 5-0) - Pages are optional; they

immediately following the block descriptor. The mode parameters having to specify all Mode

the minimum unit that can time a page

be

set to

any

The pages example, determine drive behavior during a data handling error. page, as are the bits which tum on/off error

by

the

block descriptor. For

2048

(800H)' The default block length

be

altered without reformatting the drive or affecting stored data.

the

ProDrive

, allowable values are 512 (200H)'

is

512 (200H)'

DESCRIPTOR(S):

may

be included

are divided into pages to avoid

Parameters each time a MODE SELECT command

be

specified

is

referenced,

all

parameters

acceptable values; non-changeable parameters must

are

numbered for reference.

Page

1 contains the Read/Write Error Recovery Parameters. These are the parameters which

in

a MODE SELECT or MODE SENSE command. Each

on

that page must

Each

page

contains parameters grouped

detection~

be

specified. Changeable parameters

be

set

to

The

Retry Count Parameter

and determine if soft errors are reported.

in

zero.

by

the

block descriptor.

of

the drive

bytes

of

each logical

in

any order,

is

issued. A page

by

functionality. For

is

located

medi~m

to

a

1024

is

may

on

this

ProDriv~

The

supports the

Page

OIH 02H 03H 04H 37H 39H

foUowing

Description

Read/Write Error Disconnect/Reconnect Control Parameters Direct Access Device Format Parameters Rigid Disk Drive Geometry Parameters* Quantum Unique Control Parameters Quantum Unique Drive Control Parameters

* Read-only. Can only be referenced via

PAGE LENGTH (Byte

with the first byte the value returned

of

by

CONDITION status with a sense key

I)

- Indicates

flags or values

the ProDrive

pages:

Recovery

the

number

and

continuing consecutively. The page length must be set

in

the MODE SENSE Page Length byte. Otherwise, a CHECK

of

ILLEGAL REQUEST will result.

Parameters

the

MODE

of

bytes

SENSE command.

of

the page that will

follow~

beginning

to

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5·43

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.10.3 Error Recovery Parameters. Page Code 1 H

Bit 7

Byte

o

1

2

3

4 CORRECTION SPAN

5

6

7

RESERVED=O

AWRE I ARRE

6

5

PAGE

1B

I

HEAD

DATA

STROBE OFFSET COUNT = 0

RECOVERY TIME LIMIT = 0

DCR - DISABLE CORRECTION (Byte 2, Bit

transferred without correction, whether

be

that the data will correction, although retries will still ignored. The default is zero.

corrected

if

possible; uncorrectable data will

DTE - DISABLE TRANSFER

ProDrive will create the CHECK CONDITION status immediately upon detection

PER (bit 2 error

set to zero enables data transfer for any data which can

Recovery

If

PER is zero,

of

byte 2) is also set to one. Data transfer to the initiator will be terminated; the block in

mayor

may not

Hags. Any errors that would

be

transferred to the initiator dependingon the setting

or

RC is one, this bit is ignored. The default is zero.

or

not it is possible to correct it. A OCR bit

be attempted.

ON

ERROR (Byte

be

4

LENGTH = 6H

RC

I

RETRY

posted are not posted until the transfer length is exhausted.

COUNT

OFFSET COUNT = 0

If

3 2 1 o

PAGE

CODE = 1 H

EEC

I

0)

- Set

to

RC (bit 4

2,

Bit

be recovered within the limits

PER

I

one indicates that the data will

be

transferred with no attempt at

of

byte 2) is set to one, this bit is

1)

- Set to one indicates that the

I

of

the TB bit. A DTE bit

DTE

of

zero indicates

of

an error,

of

the Error

I

OCR

be

if

PER - POST ERROR (Byte 2, Bit

create the CHECK Error Recovery Recovery

depending on the error and state

one will enable reporting

sense key.

error,if no unrecoverable error occurred, it will report the last block with recovered error. The default

is zero.

Hags

If

CONDITION status for errors recovered within the limits established by the other

Hags. Recovery procedures exceeding the limits established by the other Error

will

be

posted. The transfer may terminate prior to exhausting the transfer length

of

the CHECK CONDITION status for detected errors, with the appropriate

multiple errors occur, the sense data will report the block address

EEC - ENABLE EARLY CORRECTION (Byte 2, Bit 3) -

ProDrive will use its ECC algorithm

are detected.

be

uncorrectable. Seek

to system are not affected by the value will use its normal recovery procedures when an error occurs. (See Appendix A for information on ECC.)

5-44

SCSI

It will not perform read retries before applying correction unless it determines the error

or

positioning retries and the recovery procedure retries

If

the

RC

bit is one, this bit is ignored. The default is zero.

Programming

Guidelines

2)

-

Set

to zero indicates that the

the other Error Recovery Flags. A PER bit (bit 2

Set

if

two consecutive equal error syndromes (non-zero syndromes)

of

this bit. An EEC bit set to zero indicates that the ProDrive

ProDrive

of

the unrecoverable

to one indicates that the

of

the message

will not

byte 2) set to

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

RC -READ the requested length without adding delays which would increase data integrity, i.e., delays caused by the

ProDrive', error recovery schemes. Thus, to maintain a continuous flow

delays, the CHECK error recovery are acceptable during data transfer. The default is zero.

TB -TRANSFER

set to one, indicates that the failing block data (recovered

initiator. A transferred to the initiator. TB

is checked regardless

ARRE -AUTOMATIC one

indicates that the ProDrive will enable automatic reallocation

the

automatic reallocation is similar initiated two

consecutive retries. (See Appendix A.) will not perform automatic reallocation is

zero.

A

WRE -AUTOMATIC

supported by ProDrive. Must be set to zero by the initiator.

RETRY

data

errors by rereading before applying correction.

CONTINUOUS

(Byte

2,

Bit

4)

-

Se~

to one instructs the

ProD

rive

of

data and avoid

ProDrive will send data which may be erroneous; ignored errors will not create the

CONOmON

TB

by

the ProDriJle when a hard error is encountered, i.e., same non-zero

COUNT

bit

of

status.

BLOCK

zero, when

of

(Byte

2) -The

An

(Byte

If

DTE

the state

READ

WRITE

RC bit set to zero indicates that time-consuming operations for

2,

Bit

5)

- Set

to

one,

if

DTE

bit

(bit 1

of

byte 2) is also

or

unrecoverable) will be transferred to the

OTE

bit is set to one, indicates that the failing block will not be

is zero,

or

RC

is one, this

of

OTE. The default is zero.

REALLOCATION

to

the function

of

bad blocks.

REALLOCATION

number

of

the REASSIGN BLOCKS command,

An

ARRE

If

of

times the ProDrive will attempt to recover from

The

default is 8.

bit

is ignored.

ENABLED

of

bit set to zero indicates that the ProDrive

RC is one, this bit is ignored.

ENABLED

On

(Byte

bad blocks.

ECC

(Byte

unrecoverable errors,

2,

Bit

The

execution

syndrome on

2,

Bit

to

transfer

6) -Set

but

The

default

7) -Not,

of

is

to

CORRECTION which correction may

SPAN

be

(Byte

4)

attempted.

- Specifies the size in bits

It

can be set to values from 0-11; the default is 11.

of

the largest read

data

NOTE: The Head Offset Count, Data Strobe Offset, and Recovery Time Limit (Bytes 5 - 7) are not

supported

The

following table summarizes the valid modes

by

ProDrive.

of

operation on the ProDrive.

error

on

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-45

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

EEC

0 0

0

0 0 0

0

0 1

PER

0

0 0

DTE

DCR

0 0

0

1

0 0 Same

0 Same

0

0 Read retries are attempted until good data

Descril!tioD

Nonnal error recovery procedure. Read retries are attempted until good data is read, a stable syndrome is obtained,

if

is exhausted. ECC is invoked possible. Complete data error

is

encountered. Only uncorrectable errors are reported.

as (0,0,0,0) except no ECC correction

Same retries

are

not

successful,

unrecoverable error Invalid Request Invalid Request

as (0,0,0,0) except all data errors (recoverable and

unrecoverable) the data transfer is completed.

as recovered via completed.

is

obtained, or the retry count is exhausted. invoked if correction is possible. Data transfer is stopped upon error detection and

are

(0,0,0,0) except all data errors

read

transfer occurs unless an uncorrectable

is

reported.

retries

all data errors

needed when correction is

data transfer is stopped and

A recoverable

are

is

reported after the data transfer is

are

reported.

or

the retry count

is

attempted.

error

is reported

reported. A data error

is

read, stable syndrome

If

needed, ECC is

an

If

read

after

0

1

1 1

I 1

1

Same

as

1

retries are not successful, the error

0

0 0 1 Invalid Request 0 0 1

1

0 0

0

1 .

1

0

1 0

1

ECC is invoked immediately uncorrectable, read retries stable syndrome is obtained, or the Complete data transfer encountered. Only unrecoverable errors are reported.

Invalid Request

Invalid Request Same

error is reported Invalid Request

Same

detection (recoverable and unrecoverable) and

reported.

Invalid Request

(0,1,1,0) except no ECC correction

as

(1,0,0,0) except all data errors

as

(1,0,0,0) except data transfer

is

reported

if

correction

are

attempted until good data

retry count is exhausted.

occUrs

unless

an

are

after

the data transfer is completed.

is

attempted.

as

unrecoverable.

is

possible.

unrecoverable error is

reported. A recoverable

stopped upon error

all data

If

is

read, a

errors

If

error is

are

read

5·46

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.10.4 DjsconnecUReconnect Control Parameters. page Code

Bit

Byte

0 RESERVED

1

2

3

4-5

~7

8-9

10-11

Buffer Full Ratio (Byte 2) - Indicates

reconnecting, for commands requiring data transfer required data). The

empty). The buffer full ratio value represents the percentage

reconnection, i.e., 255 (FFH) representslOO% full, 128 bit is equal to 1/256th must be transferred

7

(MSB)

_<MSB)

(MSB)

6

5

I

=0

PAGE

BUPER

BUFER

BUS

INACTIVITY LIMlT = 0

DISCONNECT TIME LIMIT = 0

CONNECT TIME LIMIT = 0

to

ProDril'e disconnects

of

the maximum buffer size. The default value is 0

to

the buffer before reconnection.

4

I

LENGTIi =

FULL

EMPTY,RATIO

RESERVED

the ProDrlve how full the buffer must

to

on

a

read

when there is no data in the buffer (buffer is

3

I

PAGE

CODE = 2H

AH

RATIO

the initiator (unless the buffer contains all the

of

the buffer that will fill prior to

(80H) represents 50% full, and so on. Each

I

2

I

(~):

at least 512 bytes

1

2H

be

0

I

(LSB)

~B)

prior to

Buffer Empty Ratio (Byte

to reconnecting to fetch more buffer can hold all the required data). This value represents the percentage empty, i.e., 255 (FFH) represents

bit represents 1/256th

be

completely empty before reconnection.

NOTES: Both the Buffer Full Ratio and the Buffer Empty Ratio are rounded (down

respectively) by the logical block transfer.

None

of

the remaining bytes (4 through 11) is implemented on the ProDrivt.

3)

- Indicates to the ProDrivt how empty the buffer must

data, for commands requiring data transfer from the initiator (unless the

of

the buffer that will

100% empty, 128 (80JI) represents 50% empty, and so on. Each

the maximum buffer size. The default value is 255 (FFH): the buffer must

ProDrivt to the nearest multiple

of

512 bytes for commands requiring

or

up,

be

prior

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5·47

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.10.5 Direct-Access Deyice Format Parameters. Page Code

B't

I

Byte

2 -3

I

0 RESERVED

I

4

5 ALTERNATE SECTORS PER

6

7

8

9

7

(MSB)

6

=0

I

AL

AL TERN A

AL

ALTERNATE

5 4

PAGE CODE = 3H

PAGE LENGTH = 16H

Handlin2 of Defects Fields

TRACKS PER

TERNA

ALTERNATE

TERNA

TE

TRACKS PER VOLUME = 0

SECTORS PER

TRACKS PER ZONE = 0

TRACKS PER VOLUME = 0

ZONE

Track Format Field

3 2

ZONE

= 0

ZONE

= I H

3H

1 o

(LSB)

eLSB)

(LSB)

to

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21-23

(MSB)

SSEC= 1 I

SECTORS PER

TRACK = 0

TRACK

Sector Format Fields

A BYTES PER PHYSICAL SECTOR =02H

OAT

DATA BYTES PER PHYSICAL SECTOR =0

INTERLEA VE = 0

HSEC=O

INTER LEA

TRACK SKEW FACTOR = 0

TRACK

CYLINDER SKEW FACTOR = 0

CYLINDER

I

RMB=O

SKEW FACTOR = 07H

D'

rive

I SURF=O I

RESERVED = 0

SKEW

ype

T

VE

= 1 H

FACTOR =

F'

Id

Ie

INS=O

= 0

OFH

I

(LSB)

RESERVED=O

5-48

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI

ProQ,amminQ

Guidelines

HANDLING

TRACKS PER ZONE (Byte 2·3) - Indicates the number

ProDri~e.

in zone size will be effective after the FORMAT

ALTERNATE SECTORS PER ZONE (Bytes 4.5) - Indicates

deallocate one sector per zone from the initiator addressable blocks during

comm~d.

ALTERNATE TRACKS PER ZONE (Bytes 6·7) - Set to zero; the

allocate alternate tracks.

ALTERNATE TRACKS PER VOLUME (Bytes 8-9) - Set

allocate alternate tracks.

TRACK

SECTORS PER TRACK (Bytes 10-11) - Indicates the number

ProDri~e

number

SECTOR

OF

DEFECTS

The

default value is six. This value is the only changeable field in page

These sectors will

FORMAT

allocates per disk track.

of

sectors per track (28

FORMAT

FIELD:

FIELDS:

of

tracks

per

defect zone on the

UNIT command is executed.

that

the FORMAT UNIT

be

available as replaceable sectors for defective sectors.

to

zero; the

of

physical sectors the

The

value

of

or

zero indicates that the

35).

ProDri~e

the

ProDri~e

DATA BYTES PER PHYSICAL SECTOR (Bytes 12-13) - Indicates the number

bytes the block size in the block descriptor section

ProDri~e

per

ProDri~e

set an equal number

physical sector.

will allocate

of

per

physical sector. This value may. be different than the logical

of

the MODE SELECT data.

sectors per track accordingly. The

This

implies that the

ProDri~e

3H'

A change

ProDri~e

has a variable

has 512 data bytes

will

does not

of

data

INTERLEAVE (Bytes 14·15) -

The

ProDri~e

has an interleave factor

TRACK SKEW FACTOR (Bytes 16·17) - Indicates the number

of

the last logical block

cylinder. This field is set to 7 for the

CYLINDER SKEW FACTOR (Bytes 18-19) -Indicates the

between the last logical block cylinder. This field is set to15 for the

SSEC - SOFT SECTOR (Byte 20, Bit

that it uses soft-sector formatting.

HSEC • HARD SECTOR (Byte 20, Bit

ProDrive does not use hard sector formatting.

RMB - REMOVABLE (Byte 20, Bit 5) -

10gica1

unit is not removable.

SURF - SURFACE (Byte 20, Bit

progressive addresses cylinder.

INHIBIT SAVE (INS) (Byte 20, Bit 3) -

the parameters

of

one track and the first logical block on the next sequential track

ProDri~e.

number

of

one cylinder and the first logical block on the next sequential

ProDri~e.

7)

- Always set

6)

- Always set

The

HSEC and SSEC bits

Set

to

zero for the

4)

-

Set

to zero to indicate that the

to

all sectors within a cylinder prior to allocating sector addresses to the next

Set

to

zero

the page defined by Page Code

4H

as a read only page.

to

one

to

zero, indicating that the

ProDri~e,

to

indicate that the ProDrive will save

of

one.

of

physical sectors between

of

physical sectors

for

the

ProDri~e,

are

mutually exclusive.

indicating that the

ProDri~e

will

the same

indicating

allocate

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-49

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.10.6 Quantum Unigue Control Parameters. Page Code 37H

B·t

Byte

I

6-15

PSM -PRESERVE

ProDrive will not clear the table

reset. A default is zero.

SSM -SEND the

the initiator. A

Data Transfer Request message. The default

I

0 RESERVED = 0

1

2 RESERVED

3

4

5 MAXIMUM PREFETCH

ProDrive will initiate sending the Extended Message (01) Synchronous Data Transfer Request to

7

PSM bit set to zero will cause all these parameters to be cleared when the drive

SYNCHRONOUS

SSM bit set to zero indicates that the initiator must initiate sending the Synchronous

6

=0

SYNCHRONOUS

5 4

I

PAGE LENGTH =

PSM

I

NUMBER

MINIMUM PREFETCH

of

synchronous mode parameters for all initiators when the drive is

MESSAGE

SSM

I

OF

CACHE SEGMENTS

RESERVED=O

MODE

(Byte 2, Bit 4) - Set to one indicates that

is

zero.

3

PAGE CODE = 37H

OEH

WIE

I

(Byte

2,

2 1 o

I

PO

I

PE

Bit 5) - Set to one indicates the

CE

J

is

reset. The

NOTE: The following parameters control the operation

Appendix A for a description

WIE -WRITE

segment stored

ProDrive will overwrite this segment in the cache on the next READ

one indicates that the Setting WIE to zero preserves more data in the cache from READs, increasing the likelihood that the data for subsequent READ requests will be size and frequency

PO -PREFETCH retain prefetch data in the cache; the originally requested read data will

data. A PO bit set to zero indicates that both original read data and prefetched data will be retained

the segment. The default is zero.

PE -PREFETCH perform prefetching. A PE bit set to a value bit must be set to one to enable use

CE -CACHE caching on all

use the 64K RAM as a transfer buffer only. The default

NUMBER segments to index in the cache, i.e., the number 8,

16.

Any other entry will result in a CHECK CONDITION status with a sense key

REQUEST. The default

INDEX:

in

the cache and indexed by the cache table. A WIE bit set to zero indicates that the

of

ENABLE

READS. A CE bit set to zero indicates that the ProDrive will disable caching and

OF

CACHE

ENABLE

ProDrive will treat this segment as

WRITE requests. The default is zero.

ONLY

ENABLE

is

of

DisCache, and more information on these options.

(Byte 2, Bit 3) - All data from WRITES create a cache

(Byte 2,

of

the PE bit. The default

(Byte 2

SEGMENTS

four.

Bit

in

Bit

2) - Set to one indicates that the ProDrive will only

Bit

0) - Set to one indicates that the ProDrive will activate

(Byte 3) - Indicates to the ProDrive the number

of

Quantum's unique DisCache feature. See

or

WRITE. A WIE bit set to

if

it had been generated by a READ.

the cache; the magnitude

1)

- Set to one indicates that the ProDrive will

of

zero indicates that no prefetching will occur. The CE

is

one.

of

entries

in

the cache table. Valid entries are

of

this increase depends on the

be overwritten with prefetch

one.

of

in

of

1,2,4,

ILLEGAL

5-50

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

MINIMUM PREFETCH (Byte

on

blocks to prefetch

outside this range

REQUEST. The default value MAXIMUM PREFETCH (Byte 5) - Indicates

logical blocks to prefetch value outside this

REQUEST. The default

a cache miss for a

will

result

on

range

will result

is

4)

- Indicates

in a CHECK

is

one.

a cache miss

in a CHECK

16.

to

the

ProDril'e the minimum number

READ

for a READ

command. The valid range

CONDITION status with a sense

to

the

ProDril'e the maximum number of

command.

CONDmON status

The

valid range

with

is 0 to

a sense

key

is 0 to

key

5.11. 1 0.7 Quantum UniQue Drive Control parameters. page Code

Bit 7

Byte

0

1

2

3

4-7

DIO • DISABLE IDENTIFY OUT (Byte 2, Bit will

DQ!

DIO bit set to zero indicates that the ProDrive message

require

to

be

RESERVED

DIO

DDIS

an

IDENTIFY message

able

to

6 5

I

=0

DII

DELDIS

disconnect.

PAGE

fDB

RESERVED=O

from

The

default

4

I

PAGE

LENGTH = 6H

j

RUEE

RESERVED=O

7)

the

initiator

will

require

is

zero.

3

CODE = 39H

FDPE

SSID

- Set

to

be

able

the

initiator

1

I

R::O

one indicates that the

to

disconnect

to

DUA

I

SCSIADR

and

send the IDENTIFY

of

logical

128;

any

value

of ILLEGAL

128;

any

of ILLEGAL

39J:l

0

I

DRT

1

ProDrive

reconnect. A

DII • DISABLE IDENTIFY IN (Byte 2, Bit will

D.Q!

send

an

IDENTIFY message after reconnecting

the

that FDB

applications using the ProDril'e. Q200 Series

RUEE Set ARRE bit in Page 1 of the Error Recovery Parameters to a will result

code set to

indicates that the determined ERROR - Uncorrectable Data Error

FOPE -

ProDril'e

user-accessible sector zero indicates that the ProDril't command. Issuing a FORMAT UNIT command to

NOTE: Bit 3

ProDril'e

• FAST DEASSERTION

• REALLOCATE UNCORRECTABLE ERROR ENABLED (Byte 2, Bit

to

one indicates that the ProDril't

new

block and a

in a MEDIUM

FILL

will

zero;

users should back

will

send

the

IDENTIFY message after reconnecting. The default is zero.

OF

BUSY

It

is included to maintain software compatibility with Quantum's

TM

disk drives.

will

automatically reallocate uncorrectable hard errors if the

new

ECC

(one that

(re-allocated uncorrectable data read) error

AAH.

Any

write to the

ProDril't will

to

be

uncorrectable.

DATA PATTERN ENABLED (Byte 2, Bit 3) - Set

write the data pattern specified

of

the drive

of

byte 2

is

not

In

up

data prior

reserved;

is

correct

new

block

attempt automatic reallocation if the hard error encountered

this case, a

will

result. The default

when a FORMAT

will

ignore the information

to

formatting.

it

must

be

6)

(Byte 2, Bit

for

will

clear this condition. A RUEE bit set to zero

CHECK

in

Byte 2 of the FORMAT

will

set

to

- Set

to

one indicates that the

to

an

initiator. A

5)

- Not used nor required

is

set.

The uncorrectable (bad) data

this data)

CONDmON

UNIT

typically cause loss of data, even

The

zero.

is

appended. Reading the

is

zero.

command

in

Byte 2 of the FORMAT UNIT

default

DII

bit set

with

Sense

key

with

a sense

UNIT

is

executed. A FDPE bit set

is

zero.

key

to

one indicates that the

command into every

ProDrive

to

zero indicates

is

new

set

to

3, and sense

of

MEDIUM

if

FDPE

by

4)-

written

block

is

to

set

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5·

51

Section 5

DUA

SCSI Programming Guidelines

- DISABLE UNIT ATTENTION (Byte 2, Bit

1)

- Set to one indicates that the

ProDrive will not issue a CHECK CONDITION status with the UNIT ATTENTION sense key on

the first command after a reset. The first command issued after the reset condition will be executed as usual. A has been powered-on or reset (by a BUS DEVICE RESET message or a "hard" RESET condition). The default

DUA bit set to zero indicates that the unit attention condition will exist after the ProDrive

is

zero.

DRT - DISABLE RESELECTION TIMEOUT (Byte 2, Bit

ProDrive will not timeout during a reselection request. A DRT bit set to zero indicates that the

the

ProDrive will clear the bus

(250 msec). The default

period

if

there

is

zero.

is

no BSY response from the initiator after a selection time out

0)

- Set to one indicates that

DDIS - DISABLE DISCONNECTION (Byte 3, Bit 7) - Set to one prevents disconnection

and reconnection during a data transfer (READ and WRITE). The initial disconnection due to the

of

implied seek WRITE command, the DDIS bit set to zero indicates no suppression

DELDIS - DELAY OF DISCONNECTION (Byte 3, Bit

applications using the Q200

Series disk drives. .

a READ command is not prevented, but no other disconnects will occur. For a

ProDrive will disconnect after all data has been transferred into the buffer. A

of

disconnection. The default value is zero.

6)

- Not used nor required by

Pro.Drive.

It

is included to maintain software compatibility with Quantum's

SSID - SOFTWARE SELECT ABLE ID (Byte 3, Bit 3) - Set to zero indicates that the

SCSI ID will be determined by the value set by the jumpers on the drive PCB at all times. An

drive

SSID bit set to one indicates that the drive SCSI ID will be determined by the value

bits (bits 0-2 one, the power-up, the

bits will determine the SCSI ID; otherwise, the SCSI ID will be determined by the jumpers on the

PCB. The default value

of

byte 3); the value set by the jumpers will

SCSI ID will not be altered until the next RESET

SSID bit is set to one (i.e., it was previously set and saved to the disk), the SCSIADR

of

SSID

is

zero.

be

ignored. When the SSID bit is set to

or

power up

of

the drive.

SCSIADR - SCSI Address (Byte 3, Bits 2-0) - Determines the SCSI 10,

byte 3) the description

is

set to one.

If

SSID

is

set to zero, the SCSI ID is determined by jumpers on the PCB. See

of

SSID, above. The default

is

zero.

of

the SCSIADR

If

upon initial

if

SSID (bit 3

of

5.11.11

The RESERVE command (Table 5-25) is used to reserve a logical unit for the use

another specified (third party) SCSI device. This command requests that the drive be reserved for the exclusive use command from the same initiator DEVICE RESET message from any initiator, will not be granted the drive when it is currently reserved for that initiator; in that case, the reservation identification and the extent list length will be ignored.

If

the drive is reserved for another initiator, it will respond by either returning a RESERV

CONFLlcr

If,

after honoring the reservation, any other initiator then subsequently attempts to perfonn any command

on the reserved drive (other than a

be

may

5·52

queued), the command will be rejected with RESERV

RESERVE COMMAND: OPCODE = 16(hex)

of

the initiator

of

the initiator (or third party) until the reservation is superseded by another valid RESERVE

or

is released by a RELEASE command from the same initiator, a BUS

or

a "hard" RESET condition. A logical unit reservation

if

the drive is reserved by another initiator. It is permissible for an initiator to reserve

AnON

status or,

SCSI

if

di~connection

Programming

Guidelines

is allowed, by queing the reserve request and disconnecting.

RELEASE command which will be ignored, or a reserve command which

AnON

CONFLIcr

status.

or

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

TABLE 5-25

Bit

Byte

0

1

2 RESER

34

5

EXTENT • EXTENT RESER V ATION (Byte 1, Bit

is set to one, the with the ILLEGAL REQUEST sense key.

3RDPTY • THIRD·PARTY RESERVATION (Byte 1, Bit 4) - This is an option for the

RESERVE command that allows an initiator to reserve a logical unit for another intended for use in multiple-initiator systems that use the

5.11.12

The RELEASE command (Table 5-26) error for an initiator to attempt to release a reservation that is not currently active.

7

(MSB)

VU=O

ProDrive

6

I

LUN=O

1

I

will reject the RESERVE command with CHECK CONDITION status

RELEASE COMMAND: OPCODE = 17(hex)

is

RESERVE

5

4

J

OPCODE=

13RDPTY

VA

nON

IDENTIFICATION =

EXTENT LIST LENGTH =

RESERVED

used to release a previously reserVed logical unit. It is not an

Command

3

I

16H

I

COpy

I

3RD PARTY DEVICE ID

xx

=0

0)

- Must

command.

2

I

be

set to zero.

1

F

SCSI device.

0

I I

EXTENT

(l.$B)

L

I

If

this bit

It

is.

TABLE 5-26

Bit

Byte

0

1

2

3-4

5

EXTENT • EXTENT RESERVATION (Byte 1, Bit

set to one, the with the ILLEGAL REQUEST sense key.

3RDPTY - THIRD·PARTY RESERVATION (Byte 1, Bit

RESERVE command that allows an initiator to release a logical unit that was previously reserved via the

third-pany reservation option. It is intended for use in multiple-initiator systems that use the

COpy

command. set to one, the using the third-party reservation

third-party device ID field.

7

I

VU=O

ProDrive

If

the

ProDrive

6

I

LUN=O

RESERV

I

will reject the RELEASE command with CHECK CONDITION status

third-party bit is zero, the third-party release option is not requested.

will release the specified logical unit, but only

option-by the same initiator for the same SCSI device specified in the

RELEASE

5

J

OPCODE=

13RDPTY

AnON

RESERVED=O

Command

4

J

17H

I

IDENTIFICA

0)

J

2

J

3

3RD PARTY DEVICE ID

nON

I

- Must

be

set to zero.

4)

- An option for the

if

the reservation was made

I

F

0

1

I EXTENT

L

I

If

this bit is

If

it is

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-53

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.13

The MODE SENSE command (Table 5-27) provides a means for the target to report its peripheral device parameters to the initiator. This command complements the

MODE SENSE COMMAND: OPCODE = 1A(hex)

MODE SELECT command.

5.11.13.1 MOPE SENSE Command Structure

TABLE

Bit 7

Byte

0

I

2 PCF

3

4

5

PCF -PAGE values to

be

LUN=O

VU:::(}

CONTROL

returned. There are four options:

5-27 MODE

6 5 4

OPCODE=

I

RESERVED = 0

I

FIELD

ALLOCA

(Byte 2, Bits 7,6) - Defines the type

nON

RESERVED

SENSE

lAH

PAGE CODE

LENGTH

=0

Command

3

RESERVED=O

2 1

I

of

page parameter

o

F

I

L

Report Current Values The page defined by the page code is returned to the initiator with fields and bits set to current values.

The current values are either:

• as set in the last succe&sfully completed MODE SELECT command

• identical to the saved values or

reset.

Fields and bits not supported by the

Chanaeable Values (PCF = 01)

Report The page defined by the page code is returned to the initiator with all fields and bits changeable by the

initiator set to ones. Fields and bits not allowed to

Report Default Values (PCF The page defined by the page code is returned

(PCF = 00)

if

=

10>

no MODE SELECT commands were issued since the last power-up

ProDrive are set to zero.

be

changed by the initiator are set to zero.

to

the initiator with fields and bits set to the

ProDrive's default values (i.e. as shipped from the factory). Fields and bits not supported by the ProDrive are set to zero ..

default parameter

Saved. Values (PCF = 11)

Report The page defined by the page code is returned to the initiator with fields and bits set to saved values.

The saved values are either:

• as set in the last successfully completed MODE SELECT command with the SP (Save Parameters)

bit

O.

byte 1

• identical to the Default values if no MODE SELECT commands with the SP bit set were ever

issued (and completed successfully).

or

of

the CDB set to one.

If

there is confusion over whether a returned value

a nonsupported parameter, the initiator can examine the changeable values.

of

zero indicates a

Fields and bits not supported by the

5·54

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

ProD rive are set to zero.

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

PAGE CODE (Byte

returned indicates the number specified in the command. MODE

The

SENSE

Page

-

OIH

02H 03H 04H

37H 38H 39H 3FH

The

MODE

SENSE data provides information to the initiator

2,

Bits 5-0) -

Page Length field (Byte 1

page code specifies the particular page information to be returned to the initiator in the

data. The ProDrive supports the following pages:

For

all the above options, the Page Length byte value

of

bytes the ProDrive supports within each page. This value must be

of

each Page Descriptor) when issuing the

Description

Read/Write Error Recovery Parameters Disconnect/Reconnect Control Parameters Direct-Access Device Format Parameters Rigid Disk Drive Geometry Parameters (valid for

command

Quantum Read-only; included for compatibility with Quantum Return all pages to

only)

Unique Control Parameters

Unique Drive Conttol Parameters

the

initiator (valid for

on

ProDrive's Format Parameters and Drive Geometry Parameters,

If

are specified. will be returned to the initiator in the MODE CHECK

SENSE

CONDmON

Page 3FH is specified, information from all pages implemented by the ProDrive

MODE

command.

Spedfying

status with Illegal Request sense key.

SENSE data. This page code is only valid in the

page code 04H in a MODE

MODE

Q200

Series drives

MODE

the configuration

if

SENSE

Pages

03H

SELECT

and

command will result in a

MODE

SENSE

command only)

of

04H,

SELECT

the

respectively,

NOTE:

ALLOCATION LENGTH (Byte

for returned will be transferred. Any other value indicates the maximum number transferred. been transferred whichever is less.

MODE SENSE DATA -

followed of

these data are the same as for the corresponding

modified

If

the allocation length is set page numbers are accepted. code will be rejected. This allows the initiator to receive the 4-byte header descriptor without receiving specific page information.

MODE

The

by

an

by

the option specified in the page conttol field

SENSE data. An allocation length

ProDrive will terminate the

or

when all available

The

MODE

eight-byte block descriptor, then zero

tol2

bytes

or

less. the page code field is ignored and illegal

If

the allocation length is greater than 12 bytes,

4)

- Specifies the number

of

MODE

SENSE

DATA

SENSE data have been transferred to the initiator,

IN phase when allocation length bytes have

data (Table 5-28) contain a four-byte header,

or

more "pages".

MODE

of

zero indicates that

SELECT data (Section 5.11.10.2), as

of

COB

byte 2.

an

illegal page

and

8-byte block

bytes the initiator has allocated

no

MODE

of

bytes that should be

The

meanings and organization

SENSE data

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-55

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.13.2 MODE SENSE Data

Table 5-28 MODE

Bit 7

Byte

0 SENSE

I

2

3

0 DENSITY CODE = 00

1-3

4

5-7

0

WP=O

(MSB)

PS

I

J

6

R=O

5

MEDIUM

RESERVED

BLOCK

DESCRIPTOR LENGTH = 8

Block Descriptor

NUMBER OF BLOCKS = 0

RESERVED

BLOCK LENGTH

Page Descriptors

I

4

DATA

TYPE = 0

SENSE

LENGTH

=0

3

PAGE

Data

CODE

2

1 o

(LSB)

1

2

to

n

REFER

TO

SENSE DATA LENGTH (Byte 0) - Specifies the length in bytes

SENSE data that is available to be transferred during the DATA IN phase. The SENSE DATA length does not include itself.

WP

- WRITE PROTECTED (Byte 2, Bit 7) - Always set to zero for the ProDrive,

indicating that the drive is write enabled.

BLOCK DESCRIPTOR LENGTH (Byte 3) - Specifies the length in bytes

descriptors. It is set to eight for the

PAGE

DEFINITION

ProDrive.

PAGE

LENGTH

AND

SECTION 5.11.10

of

the following MODE

of

all the block

BLOCK DESCRIPTORS: The block descriptor specifies the medium characteristics for the drive

of

with a density code, number meanings as the corresponding fields in the

PAGE PS

indicates that the supported parameters to one indicates that the supported parameters with parameters that can be changed by the user can be saved on the

DESCRIPTORS:

- PARAMETERS

blocks, and block length. These characteristics have the same

MODE SELECT parameter list (Section 5.11.10.2).

SA

VEABLE (Byte

0,

Bit 7) - Set to zero in each page header

of

that page cannot be saved by the ProDrive. A PS bit set

of

the page can be saved by the ProDrive. All pages

ProDrive.

5·56

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI

Programming Guidelines

5.11.13.4 Rigid Disk Driye Geometry Parameters. page Code

Bit

Byte

0

1

2 3

4

5

6--8

9

10

11

12-13

7

RESERVED

(MSB)

(MSB) (MSB)

(MSB)

6

I

= 0

STARTING

5

4

I

PAGE

LENGTH = 12H

NUMBER

CYLINDER -WRITE

CYLINDER -REDUCED

CYLINDER -

CYLINDER -REDUCED

OF

CYLINDERS

OF

CYLINDERS = 3H

OF

CYLINDERS

OF

HEADS

REDUCED

DRIVE

STEP

3

I

PAGE

I

CODE = 4H

= 0

= 42H

(3H

or 6 H)

PRECOMPENSATION

WRITE

RATE

CURRENT

CURRENT =

CURRENT = 4EH

2

1

4J:l

= 0

1

02H

0

I

(lSB)

(LSB)

14-16 17-19

NOTE:

The write precompensation starting cylinders, reduced write fields

are handled by the embedded SCSI controller on the

LANDING ZONE CYLINDER (Bytes 14-16) - Specifies two's complement location where

the target will position the disk heads prior to stopping the spindle with the START/STOP

command. This field is only meaningful with drives which do not automatically seek to the Landing

Zone before stopping the spindle. The

Zone, using AIRLOCK, upon disconnection

(MSB)

The ProDrive 4OS/80S disk drives have 834 cylinders. The

ProDrive 40S has three heads; the ProDrive 80S has six heads.

LANDING

RESERVED

ZONE

CYLINDER

= 0

current starting cylinders, and drive step rate

= 0

ProDrive.

ProDrive automatically parks the heads in the Landing

of

power.

(LSB)

UNIT

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5-57

Section 5 SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.14

The START/STOP UNIT command (Table 5-29) requests that the logical unit further operations.

Byte

0

1

2-3

4

5

START/STOP UNIT COMMAND: OPCODE = 1B(hex)

be

enabled or disabled for

Bit

TABLE

7

LUN=O

VU=O

5-29·

6

START/STOP

5

OPCODE=

RESERVED

I

4

IBH

I

=0

RESERVED=O

RESERVED

UNIT

RESERVED=O

3

=0

Command

2

1

F

1

IMMED - IMMEDIATE (Byte 1, Bit 0) - Set to one indicates that status will be returned as

soon as the operation is initiated. An after the operation is completed.

IMMED bit set to zero indicates that status will be returned

START (Byte 4, Bit 0) - Set to one requests that the drive be started. A START bit set to zero

be

requests that the drive error; there will be no effect on the drive

stopped. A request to start

if

the requested condition is the same as its current condition.

or

stop the ProDrive may be repeated without

o

IMMED

START

L

NOTES: A shorting plug (labeled WS) on the ProDrive PCB disables/enables the auto-start

If

option. the shorting plug drive for operation; this configuration sequencing

When the motor and actuator are disabled and do not draw appreciable currents. requires up to TEST UNIT READY, Section

the shorting plug

is

installed, a START/STOP UNIT command is required to enable the

or'devices (usually to limit power supply surge currents).

ProDrive is stopped, due to a START/STOP UNIT command, both the spindle

30 seconds before commands requiring disk access can be executed. See

is

not installed, no command is required to start the drive.

is

recommended only for systems requiring power

Starting the drive

5.11.1, above.

If

5-58

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.15

The SEND DIAGNOSTIC command (Table 5-30) requests the drive to perfonn diagnostic tests on itself. This command is usually followed by a RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC

SELF

TEST

SEND DIAGNOSTIC COMMAND: OPCODE = 1D(hex)

RESULTS command, except when the

(bit 2

of

byte 1) is set to one.

5.11.15.1 Command Structure

TABLE 5-30

Bit 7

Byte

0 OPCODE=

1

2

34

5

(MSB)

VU=O

SELF TEST (Byte

test.

If

the

self

test is requested, the parameter list length will

transferred. otherwise, the command will set

to

If

the

self

HARDWARE

6

J

LUN=O

1,

Bit

2)

test is successful, the command will

be

ERROR.

SEND DIAGNOSTIC Command

5

J

RESERVED=O

PARAMETER

I

-

Set

to

one

tenninated with a CHECK

4

I

11>}{

RESERVED

I

LIST

RESERVED

directs the PToDrive

3

I

= 0 TEST

LENGTH

= 0

be

tenninated with a

CONDmON

J

set

I

to

1

SELF

complete

zero and

status with the sense key

1

I

1

DEVOFL 1 UNITOFL

I

no

GOOD

I

F

I

its default

data will be

status;

0

(LSB)

L

self

DEVOFL • SCSI DEVICE OFF ·LINE (Byte 1, Bit

one

on

the ProDrive, the command will

sense key set will

be

set

to

ILLEGAL

be

tenninated with a

REQUEST

UNITOFL • LOGICAL UNIT OFF ·LINE (Byte

set

to

one

on

the ProDrive , the command will

the sense key will

PARAMETER LIST LENGTH (Bytes

list that will that

no

data will

be

set

to

ILLEGAL

be

transferred during the

be

transferred. This condition will not be considered an error.

REQUEST

3-4)

DATA

OUT

5.11.15.2 Diagnostic Parameter List

VENDOR UNIQUE

(VU)

- Vendor Unique, format to

1)

- Not supported.

CHECK

with sense code invalid field.

1,

Bit

0)

be

terminated with a

with sense code invalid field.

- Specifies the length in bytes phase. A parameter list length

be

defined.

CONDITION

- Not supported. CHECK

If

this

bit

status; the

If

this

CONDmON

of

the parameter

of

zero indicates

is set to

bit

is

status;

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

5-59

Section 5

SCSI Programming Guidelines

5.11.16

The

READ

regarding the capacity

Byte

0

1

2-5

6-7

8

9

PMI

information returned in the READ CAPACITY (in bytes) descriptor block will be set to zero for this option.

READ CAPACITY COMMAND: OPCODE = 2S{hex)

CAPACITY command (Tahle 5-31) provides a means for the initiator to request information

of

the disk drive.

Bit

TABLE

7

5-31

(»

I

LUN=<>

(MSB)

VU:::()

• PARTIAL MEDIUM INDICATOR (Byte 9, Bit

of

the last logical block

LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

of

the logical unit. The logical block address in the command

READ

5

I

OPCODE=25H

I

RESERVED

..

data will be the logical block address and block length

CAPACITY Command

4

RESERVED=O

RESERVED

I

=0

3

RESERVED

=0

0)

2

I

=0

I

- Set to zero indicates that the

1

F

0

bR=O

(LSB)

PMI

L

A

PMI

bit set to one indicates that the information returned will be the logical block address and block length (in bytes) will be encountered. This logical block address will be greater than

address specified in the command descriptor block.

The

eight bytes

the

command.

Byte

~3

4-7

NOTE: .

of

READ

(MSB)

Due

to

the physical organization system designer can predict the initial Formatting assigns consecutive logical block addresses to sectors exceptions. The designer can be relatively certain that records stored beginning at a cylinder boundary will occupy contiguous physical sectors (skipping occasional defective sectors according to

the defect map) and thus.will be optimally accessible. However, exceptions grown defects and sector ID errors. Therefore it is recommended that the designer rely READ

CAPACITY command to check for optimal file assignment.

of

the last logical block address, after which a substantial delay in data transfer

CAPACITY data shown in Table 5-32 will be sent during the DATA

TABLE

5-32

READ

DESCRIPTION

LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESS

BLOCK LENGTH

of

sectors and logical block assignments

LBA

CAPACITY Data

for all cylinders with a high level

or

equal to the logical block

on

the ProDrive, the

of

confidence.

on

a cylinder, with only rare

do

occur due to

IN

on

phase

(LSB)

the

of

5·60

SCSI

Programming

Guidelines

Quantum ProDrive 40S, ProDrive 80S Product Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual